538:: "The United States is deeply concerned about the worsening climate for freedom of assembly and peaceful expression in Egypt. The implementation of Egypt's restrictive demonstrations law has led to an increase in arrests, detentions, and charges against opposition figures, human rights activists and peaceful demonstrators, and sends a chilling message to civil society at large. In particular, we believe that the verdicts issued December 22 do not contribute to an open electoral environment or a transition process that protects the universal rights of all Egyptian citizens, and therefore should be reviewed. We continue to urge the government to fulfill its commitment to implement an inclusive democratic transition, including by permitting an open environment in which Egyptians are free to campaign and vote in favor or against the draft constitution on January 14–15, or abstain from the process entirely."
510:: "France takes note of the harsh prison sentences handed down in the court of first instance to three human rights activists: Ahmed Maher, Ahmed Douma and Mohamed Adel. The handing down of these sentences follows the arrests carried out by the police – including on the premises of a human rights association –on the basis of the new law on demonstrations adopted on November 24.France shares the concerns expressed by the UN secretary-general and the UN high commissioner for human rights about this law. The sentences handed down yesterday confirm these concerns. France calls for compliance with the commitments undertaken by the Egyptian authorities in the context of the road map and at the international level with respect to public freedoms, notably the freedom of expression and opinion and the freedom to demonstrate peacefully while respecting public security requirements."
587:. Differences in the Movement started to appear in April when leaders of the movement announced they would transform it into a NGO or foundation on its anniversary. TV host and founder, Abd Alrahman Ezz, of 6 April "Democratic Front", told Ahram Online that the decision was taken without consultation. "It was taken with no respect for democracy, for the majority," Ezz says. The lack of internal democracy is the main reason why some left the mainstream movement, led by Ahmed Maher, forming the Democratic Front, Ezz says most of the old members joined the Democratic Front. On 5 August, a group of 6 April Youth Movement members in Alexandria announced that they had joined the Democratic Front, leaving the Ahmed Maher front due to what they considered discrimination in decision-making processes.
516:: "The Ministry for Foreign Affairs noted the Egyptian courts' conviction of three members of the opposition — Ahmed Maher, founder of the April 6th movement, and Ahmed Douma and Mohamed Adel — on charges associated with the protests. In reference to the Egyptian transition, Italy fully shares the stances taken by the United Nations and the European Union on the importance of respect for freedom of expression and the right to peaceful demonstration. Italy reconfirms its support for an inclusive and sustainable transition in Egypt aimed at the creation of a democratic society based on respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and its willingness to engage in dialogue and cooperation to that end."
532:: "Foreign Office Minister Mark Simmonds expresses concern on the sentencing of three human rights activists in Egypt. Foreign Office Minister Mark Simmonds said: I was deeply concerned to hear about the sentencing to three years in prison of the democracy and human rights activists Ahmed Maher, Ahmed Douma and Mohammed Adel. This represents a serious setback to attempts to return Egypt to the democratic path and undermines the values expressed by Egyptians during the Revolution of January 2011. The UK believes the freedom to protest peacefully is vital in any democracy and calls on Egypt's interim leaders to ensure that they uphold all Egypt's international human rights obligations."
522:: ""I am concerned about the yesterday's judgment against three Egyptian human rights activists. It is crucial that the Egyptian authorities respect democratic principles in this critical period prior to the elections and referendum on the constitution," said Minister of Foreign Affairs Børge Brende. The Egyptian authorities have taken action against democracy and human rights activists on several occasions recently. Yesterday, three prominent activists – Ahmed Maher, Ahmed Douma and Mohammed Adel – were sentenced to three years' imprisonment, and last week, employees and volunteers at the
504:: "The High Representative is concerned about the guilty verdict, the prison sentences and the financial penalty handed down by a court in Egypt against political activists Ahmed Maher, a founder of the April 6 Movement, Ahmed Douma and Mohammed Adel. These sentences appear to be based on the recently enacted protest law which is widely seen as limiting excessively freedom of expression and assembly. The High Representative expresses the hope that these sentences could be reviewed in an appeals process."
343:. The activists carried women's lingerie and a banner describing the Ministry of Interior as the "prostitute of the regime". Three of the movement activists were arrested: Abdel Azim Fahmy (Known by Zizo), Mohamed Mustapha and Mamdouh Hassan ( Known by Abou Adam). Later on a fourth activist was arrested and detained, Sayed Mounir. April 6 Movement called for a "Rage Day" against President Mohamed Mursi on the fifth anniversary of its establishment 6 April 2013.
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The Cairo-based Arab
Organization for Human Rights condemned the sentence saying it contradicts the spirit of the 25 January revolution. The Constitution Party has expressed solidarity with the detainees and their families and requested that the interim President Adly Mansour issue a pardon to Ahmed
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The split is not limited to Cairo and
Alexandria but also seems to have been reproduced itself across the country. On 6 August, a group of April 6 Movement members in Kafr El-Sheikh governor announced that they joined the Democratic Front, leaving the Ahmed Maher Front. The same happened in Behaira
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in defiance of the protest law. The protest was violently dispersed by the police, and dozens of well-known activists were arrested. The female activists were beaten and released on a desert road in the middle of the night, while the 24 male detainees remained in custody; most of whom were released
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On 10 May 2013, Ahmed Maher was arrested at Cairo
Airport upon his return to Egypt from a conference in the United States with charges of inciting for protests. Maher was released the day after, but the incident was a turning point. On 12 May, the 6 April Youth Movement decided to join the recently
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In
October 2011, the group launched a "black circle, white circle" political awareness campaign. Aiming to prevent former members of Mubarak's regime from winning seats in the post-revolution parliament, the group compiled a list of candidates with ties to the dissolved National Democratic Party or
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revealed which showed that the United States considered the movement to be "outside (the) mainstream of opposition politicians and activists" and described the goals of the movement for democracy as "unrealistic" yet still supported it in various ways, including pressing "the MFA for the release of
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On 6 April 2009, the group was subjected to attacks, suspected to have been orchestrated by the
Egyptian government. Several websites supporting the group were hacked simultaneously, and protests in Cairo were confronted by plain clothed Egyptian policemen and numerous arrests. On 2 May 2010, the
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movement called for demonstrations under the name of the
Workers' Revolution, which was aimed at achieving the minimum wage. In August of that year, slogans spread on the walls of the streets against the legacy of former President Hosni Mubarak, Most notably "Egypt is not your father's father".
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condemned the verdict, arguing that the charges against the movement were "false" and that the court ruling was an example of state institutions undermining and destroying the rule of law. Hamdeen Sabahi's presidential campaign warned of the "return to a state of suppression and banning." Abdul
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added his voice to those criticizing the law for leaving the door open to a very restrictive and repressive interpretation and urged the
Egyptian authorities to consider amendments to the law "to make sure that any laws passed are in full conformity with international human rights standards".
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Members of the April 6 movement and activists from other organizations have planned to initiate an open-ended sit-in with the intention of remaining in place until the protest law is repealed and the verdict sentencing Ahmed Maher, Mohamed Adel, and Ahmed Douma to three years in jail and the
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has identified the movement as the political
Facebook group in Egypt with the most dynamic debates. As of January 2009, it had 70,000 predominantly young and educated members, most of whom had not been politically active before; their core concerns include
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worked with Kefaya movement since 2005, and one of activist who called for general strike on 6 April 2008, and then started working with Media committee on April 6 Youth
Movement, and in 2009 he was the spokesman of movement and political office
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In July 2008, Maher was again arrested, along with 14 other members of the group, and charged with "incitement against the regime". He also claimed that
Egyptian state security officers threatened to rape him in custody.
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Ghaffar Shukr, vice president of the National Council for Human Rights, has stated that the council is prepared to stand in solidarity with the April 6 Youth Movement, and will aid the movement if it requests assistance.
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by a circulating a petition which citizens may sign to indicate approval for law's abolition or redrafting. Leading functionaries from various political factions who have signed the petition include the president of the
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which was providing meeting space for the April 6 Youth Movement as well as providing medical and legal aid to the protesters was raided by security forces who arrested Amal Sharaf and other members of April 6.
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and military rule. Many April 6 members also played founding roles in the Road of the Revolution Front, an organization dedicated to achieving the revolutionary goals of bread, freedom, and social justice.
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condemned the ruling as "a clear violation of citizens' rights to free association, peaceful assembly, and free expression." The April 6 movement has vowed to defy the ban, as well as attempt to repeal it.
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with histories of corruption, which comprised the "black circle." Meanwhile, in the "white circle," the group listed a set of qualifications and characteristics they hope to see in elected officials.
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Aside from online discussions of national issues, members of the group have organized public rallies to free imprisoned journalists and engaged in protests concerning the
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in government and the country's stagnant economy. Their discussion forum on Facebook features intense and heated discussions, and is constantly updated with new postings.
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Yasser Shams Aldden is the founder of The April 6 Movement Democratic Front in Alexandria as well as a blogger and journalist who escaped abroad after the Military coup.
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An arrest warrant was issued against Ahmed Maher on the following day, accusing him of inciting protests. Maher turned himself in and was detained on 30 November 2013.
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In 2013, the 6 April movement held internal elections to determine who would succeed Ahmed Maher as the organization's coordinator. The vote resulted in
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Mohamed Tarek is founding member currently jailed for his witness of the massacre of the Rabeaa al Adawiya. He is the main witness for the organization
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The Egyptian interim president Adly Mansour, and regardless of the widespread critics, approved a new law restricting protests on 24 November 2013.
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2007:
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paymenent of a fine of LE50,000 have been overturned. Due to fears of a crackdown, the sit-in's timing and logistics have been rescheduled.
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On 29 March 2013, the Movement organized an extraordinary demonstration in front of the house of the Egyptian Minister of Interior: General
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308:. Ahmed Maher, one of the founders of the group, was arrested by the Egyptian authorities in May 2008 in an attempt to shut it down.
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April 6 activists". On 31 January 2011, the movement promoted participation of at least a million in a march on 1 February 2011.
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Activists called on participants to wear black and stay home on the day of the strike. Bloggers and citizen journalists used
2074:"Statement by the Spokesperson of EU High Representative Catherine Ashton on the sentencing of political activists in Egypt"
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Maher, Mohammed Adel, and Ahmed Douma, as well as to Loay Abdel Rahman, Omar Hussein, Islam Ahmed, and Nasser Ibrahim. The
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The law was nationally and internationally heavily criticized with the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
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583:) is an Egyptian activist group established in spring 2011 after the differences in the April 6 Youth Movement, led by
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This anti-protest law is against everything the revolution was about. The Egyptian government should withdraw it.
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campaign have also lent their support to the cause of freedom for the imprisoned activists.
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2030:"Political groups call on Egypt's president to pardon jailed activists, revoke protest law"
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On 26 November, the No Military Trials for Civilians campaign organised a protest at the
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1362:"The April 6 Activists Carrying Women Lingerie in front of the Interior Minster's House"
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2133:"Egyptian protesters convicted: Italy shares UN and EU stance on freedom of expression"
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1738:"Egyptian police forcibly disperse protesters under new law curtailing demonstrations"
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1265:"Egypt protesters increase pressure: Opposition movement calls for "march of millions"
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to three years in prison and a fine of LE50,000 and maintains that Interim President
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177:) is an Egyptian activist group established in Spring 2008 to support the workers in
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1682:"Amid ongoing Egyptian protests, UN chief urges rethinking anti-demonstrations law"
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urging the Egyptian government to amend it or repeal it. UN Secretary General
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Egyptian activist group formed to organize the 2008 nationwide workers' strike
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2008:"Constitution Party requests President Mansour to pardon arrested activists"
1654:"New anti-demonstration law in Egypt must be amended, urges UN rights chief"
631:
Basma Fawzi is one of the founders of the April 6 movement Democratic Front.
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1326:"The April 6 five-year anniversary: How peaceful protests turned violent"
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on Tuesday in a bid to topple president Hosni Mubarak." (31 January 2011)
490:
444:
400:
396:
351:, calling for a vote of no-confidence in the administration of President
284:
217:
206:
50:
2189:"FCO Minister responds to sentencing of Human Rights activists in Egypt"
1059:"Banning 6 April movement is a clear violation of citizens' rights: HRW"
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3153:
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662:
622:
117:
304:. In its official pronouncements, the group stresses that it is not a
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4638:
1239:"Egypt protests: secret US document discloses support for protesters"
101:
621:
and one of the founders of the April 6 Movement Democratic Front in
459:
The verdicts were widely criticized nationally and internationally:
3839:
3245:
2662:
2473:
2428:"The techie dissidents who showed Egyptians how to organize online"
2217:"State Dept. on Jail Sentences for Peaceful Egyptian Demonstrators"
1770:"Interior Ministry denies releasing top female activists in desert"
1518:
1033:"National Council for Human Rights express solidarity with April 6"
978:"We will not be silenced: April 6, after court order banning group"
614:
Shiref Alroby was jailed for four years in 2016 in a military jail.
210:
185:
109:
2325:"April 6 petition against protest law draws prominent signatories"
2052:"Presidential candidate demands release of 'revolution activists'"
1514:"New anti-military, anti-Brotherhood front to be launched Tuesday"
1174:"Fledgling Rebellion on Facebook Is Struck Down by Force in Egypt"
240:. Mohammed Adel, a leader in the April 6 movement, studied at the
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2793:
National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces
1958:"Women activists, politicians protest against activist detention"
1830:
348:
267:
233:
189:
828:"April 6 youth detainees still in custody despite release order"
3871:
3829:
3676:
2872:
2682:
2193:
1932:"Sit-in against protest law outside presidential palace begins"
1910:"Sit-in against protest law outside presidential palace begins"
1458:"Egypt's 6 April joins signature drive against President Morsi"
1159:"Ahmed Douma: Egyptian activist jailed for 15 years at retrial"
690:
519:
507:
225:
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193:
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on April 6 Movement's involvement with the Egyptian Revolution
2412:
founder of the April 6 Movement Democratic Front in Alexandria
181:, an industrial town, who were planning to strike on 6 April.
3902:
3707:
1570:"Rights group adds to criticism of Egypt's draft protest law"
1228:. Egyptianchronicles.blogspot.com. Retrieved on 12 March 2011
605:
513:
291:, imprisoned since 2013 for organizing unauthorized protests.
271:
2299:"Hala Shukrallah signs April 6 petition against protest law"
1980:"Egypt's Maher, Adel and Douma sentenced to 3 years in jail"
1882:"Egypt's Maher, Adel and Douma sentenced to 3 years in jail"
1343:
497:
should issue these and other detained individuals a pardon.
4315:
921:"Core to Commonplace: The evolution of Egypt's blogosphere"
763:"Parliament is burning, and the watching crowd is laughing"
382:
Anti-Protest law campaign & arrest of movement founders
546:
The April 6 movement has launched a campaign to annul the
485:
has censured the court conviction sentencing Ahmed Maher,
1854:"Egypt's Ahmed Maher, April 6 activist, turns himself in"
1826:"Egypt prosecutor orders arrest of two leading activists"
1630:
157:
795:"Protestors say Agrium plant is like Nazi gas chambers"
2813:
National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change
2457:
541:
443:, together with another prominent Egyptian activist,
1384:""April 6" calls anti-regime protest on anniversary"
639:
1715:
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group
859:"Emaar accused of culpability in Duweiqa rockslide"
410:
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group
287:, a leader of the demonstrations against President
242:
Centre for Applied Nonviolent Action and Strategies
2161:"Judgment against human rights activists in Egypt"
447:, to three years in jail and EGP50,000 fine each.
2273:"April 6 launches campaign to repeal protest law"
1430:"April 6 group leader Ahmed Maher freed in Egypt"
5366:Organisations of the Egyptian Crisis (2011–2014)
5292:
1171:
1007:"April 6 court ban is politicised: Egypt groups"
665:– an Egyptian opposition leader, founder of the
435:On 22 December 2013 an Egyptian court sentenced
232:and whose nonviolent tactics were later used in
1344:"The April 6 Activists Carrying Women Lingerie"
1278:"Investigate Arrests of Activists, Journalists"
731:"Cairo Activists Use Facebook to Rattle Regime"
1085:"Egypt's April 6 Youth Movement to appeal ban"
295:
3692:
2511:
2245:"6 April call for redrafting of Protest Law"
1486:"Between Tahrir and Rabaa: The Third Square"
1001:
999:
600:Tarek Alkholy was a participant in the anti-
1542:"Amr Ali becomes 6 April's new coordinator"
1141:"Did Egypt Detain a Top Facebook Activist?"
890:"In Focus: The Dilemma of Egypt's Liberals"
857:Hussein, Abdel Rahman (18 September 2008).
611:Abd Alrahman Ezz escaped abroad after coup.
526:were arrested in connection with a raid."
454:
3699:
3685:
2518:
2504:
1296:"Anti-Military Movement Emerges in Tahrir"
1200:"Egypt detains Facebook activists – again"
1197:
559:, and Mohamed Ghonim, a key member of the
2105:"Egypt – Sentencing of liberal activists"
1934:. Mada Masr. 8 April 2014. Archived from
1134:
1132:
996:
896:. Egyptian Media Services. Archived from
865:. Egyptian Media Services. Archived from
834:. Egyptian Media Services. Archived from
803:. Egyptian Media Services. Archived from
951:Shapiro, Samantha M. (22 January 2009).
887:
347:launched petitions collection campaign,
2138:Franesina-Ministero degli Affari Esteri
1710:"Egypt is once again crossing the line"
1626:"Egypt passes law restricting protests"
950:
856:
792:
760:
573:April 6 Youth Movement Democratic Front
412:(ALDE), the third largest group in the
228:, that helped bring down the regime of
216:The April 6 movement is using the same
14:
5293:
2425:
1598:"Egypt Approves Law Limiting Protests"
1138:
1129:
918:
793:Hussein, Abdel-Rahman (27 July 2008).
728:
4725:
4536:
4359:
4200:
3719:
3680:
2499:
1798:"23 Shura detainees released on bail"
946:
944:
942:
888:Al-Anani, Khalil (2 September 2008).
524:Centre for Economic and Social Rights
5275:
2803:Syrian Revolution General Commission
2438:from the original on 9 February 2011
825:
594:
581:حركة شباب 6 أبريل الجبهة الديمقراطية
5265:
580:
174:
24:
5371:Political opposition organizations
2853:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet
2768:Society for Development and Change
2474:April 6 Movement Blog حركة 6 ابريل
2426:Wolman, David (13 February 2011).
2419:
1746:. 26 November 2013. Archived from
939:
761:Ghafour, Hamida (25 August 2008).
542:Petition to repeal the protest law
25:
5382:
5331:Riots and civil disorder in Egypt
5306:Organizations established in 2008
4646:Role of the Egyptian Armed Forces
2451:
2010:. Egypt Independent. 7 April 2014
1139:Wolman, David (2 February 2011).
729:Wolman, David (20 October 2008).
711:Misr Spinning and Weaving Company
5361:Organizations of the Arab Spring
5274:
5264:
5254:
5245:
5244:
4503:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
3706:
3661:
3660:
1402:"6 April's Ahmed Maher arrested"
1172:Ellen Knickmeyer (18 May 2008).
642:
561:Egyptian Social Democratic Party
465:Egyptian Social Democratic Party
49:
5336:Nonviolent resistance movements
4987:Identification card controversy
3454:Libyan civil war (2011–present)
2833:Constitutional Democratic Rally
2698:National Association for Change
2525:
2405:
2387:
2376:
2357:
2343:
2317:
2291:
2265:
2237:
2209:
2181:
2153:
2125:
2097:
2066:
2044:
2022:
2000:
1972:
1950:
1924:
1902:
1874:
1846:
1818:
1790:
1762:
1730:
1702:
1674:
1646:
1618:
1590:
1562:
1534:
1506:
1478:
1450:
1422:
1394:
1376:
1354:
1336:
1318:
1288:
1270:
1257:
1231:
1219:
1191:
1165:
1151:
1103:
1077:
1051:
1025:
696:National Association for Change
3893:Khedivate and Kingdom of Egypt
3104:Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
2082:European Union External Action
1960:. The Cairo Post. 8 April 2014
970:
927:. American University of Cairo
919:Radsch, Courtney (Fall 2008).
912:
881:
850:
819:
786:
754:
722:
302:2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict
266:was a participant in the anti-
13:
1:
4201:
2848:Tunisian General Labour Union
2738:National Transitional Council
2538:Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam
1205:The Christian Science Monitor
716:
5356:Egyptian democracy movements
5301:2008 establishments in Egypt
4520:Twin towns and sister cities
4360:
4032:Assassination of Anwar Sadat
3079:Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf
2777:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
2054:. Ahram Online. 7 April 2014
2032:. Ahram Online. 8 April 2014
1912:. Ahram Online. 7 April 2014
953:"Revolution, Facebook-Style"
826:Carr, Sarah (30 July 2008).
566:
358:In July 2013, following the
7:
5311:Egyptian revolution of 2011
5048:Vehicle registration plates
4726:
4702:Water supply and sanitation
4537:
3720:
3459:Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)
2668:February 14 Youth Coalition
2166:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1348:Twitter account: @Mad Darsh
1198:Liam Stack (30 July 2008).
706:Egyptian Revolution of 2011
635:
296:Public activism and arrests
257:
10:
5387:
4707:Water resources management
385:
5240:
5066:
4738:
4734:
4721:
4602:Impact on the environment
4592:Entrepreneurship policies
4545:
4532:
4368:
4355:
4209:
4196:
4164:
4066:
3732:
3728:
3715:
3656:
3597:
3566:
3508:
3467:
3299:
2896:
2883:General People's Congress
2863:Alliance of Yemeni Tribes
2703:National Democratic Party
2652:
2546:
2533:
701:Hisham Mubarak Law Center
416:, criticized the new law
329:Hisham Mubarak Law Center
153:
133:
123:
97:
83:
65:
57:
48:
41:
4373:Administrative divisions
4049:2011 Egyptian revolution
3990:1952 Egyptian revolution
3786:Lighthouse of Alexandria
3541:death of Muammar Gaddafi
2929:Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
2904:Women in the Arab Spring
2733:National Liberation Army
2713:Revolutionary Socialists
2708:National Salvation Front
2370:28 December 2015 at the
925:Arab Media & Society
455:Reactions to the verdict
327:On 3 February 2011, the
42:
5346:Internet-based activism
4577:Egyptian stock exchange
3510:International reactions
3271:Abdul Majeed al-Zindani
3194:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
3074:Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
2964:Mohamed Hussein Tantawy
2808:Syrian National Council
2758:Women to drive movement
2485:Collected news coverage
2463:2 February 2011 at the
741:Condé Nast Publications
473:Bread and Freedom Party
321:leaked diplomatic cable
110:Free and fair elections
4908:International rankings
3913:Egyptian–Ethiopian War
3291:Mohammed Ali al-Houthi
3149:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
2748:February 25th Movement
2678:April 6 Youth Movement
2458:6 April Youth Movement
1366:Kelmati "My Word" News
1161:. BBC. 9 January 2019.
429:on bail a week later.
422:
319:On 29 January 2011, a
167:April 6 Youth Movement
35:Haraket Shabab 6 April
33:April 6 Youth Movement
18:6 April Youth Movement
4513:Terrorism and tourism
3971:1948 Arab–Israeli War
3803:Library of Alexandria
3536:military intervention
3286:Abdul-Malik al-Houthi
3261:Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi
3241:United Arab Emirates:
3049:Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
2399:12 March 2016 at the
2365:From good-man to evil
681:Nonviolent resistance
477:Freedom for the Brave
418:
5224:World Heritage Sites
5043:Units of measurement
4498:Proposed new capital
4244:Environmental issues
4005:United Arab Republic
3898:Muhammad Ali dynasty
3184:Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb
2989:Khaled Mohamed Saeed
2914:Abdelaziz Bouteflika
1435:BBC News Middle East
900:on 28 September 2008
869:on 27 September 2008
671:Ghad El-Thawra Party
548:Egyptian protest law
388:Egyptian protest law
5351:Secularism in Egypt
4896:Freedom of religion
4791:Mass sexual assault
4156:Timekeeping devices
4054:2013 Rabaa massacre
4027:Egyptian–Libyan War
3276:Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar
3209:Rashid al-Ghannushi
3164:Wael Nader al-Halqi
3054:Mustafa Abdul-Jelil
2944:Ali Jawad al-Sheikh
1750:on 29 November 2013
1743:The Washington Post
1522:. 23 September 2013
1306:on 20 December 2011
1226:Egyptian Chronicles
1178:The Washington Post
414:European Parliament
408:, President of the
179:El-Mahalla El-Kubra
38:
5086:Art (contemporary)
4766:Capital punishment
4656:Telecommunications
4333:Towns and villages
4301:Qattara Depression
4114:Muslim Brotherhood
4084:Cigarette industry
3944:British occupation
3855:Crusader invasions
3825:Rashidun Caliphate
3582:domestic responses
3567:Domestic reactions
3256:Ali Abdullah Saleh
3199:Mohamed Ghannouchi
2688:Muslim Brotherhood
2225:. 23 December 2013
2197:. 23 December 2013
2169:. 23 December 2013
2141:. 23 December 2013
2113:. 23 December 2013
2085:. 23 December 2013
1988:. 22 December 2013
1890:. 22 December 2013
1862:. 30 November 2013
1834:. 27 November 2013
1778:. 27 November 2013
1718:. 27 November 2013
1690:. 27 November 2013
1662:. 26 November 2013
1634:. 25 November 2013
1606:. 24 November 2013
1491:Al Jazeera English
1284:. 9 February 2011.
957:The New York Times
658:Saad Eddin Ibrahim
619:Human Rights Watch
604:demonstrations in
553:Constitution Party
368:Muslim Brotherhood
270:demonstrations in
251:Human Rights Watch
246:Constitution Party
230:Slobodan Milošević
201:The New York Times
32:
5326:Politics of Egypt
5288:
5287:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5160:Football stadiums
5091:Botanical gardens
4970:Catholic dioceses
4862:Gender inequality
4786:Human trafficking
4717:
4716:
4651:Tallest buildings
4612:Military industry
4528:
4527:
4469:Political parties
4422:Islamic extremism
4410:Foreign relations
4351:
4350:
4192:
4191:
4188:
4187:
3932:French occupation
3850:Fatimid Caliphate
3845:Ikhshidid dynasty
3674:
3673:
3219:Beji Caid Essebsi
3159:Riyad Farid Hijab
2999:Mohamed ElBaradei
2547:Events by country
2110:France Diplomatie
1806:. 4 December 2013
1578:. 16 October 2013
1550:. 28 October 2013
1245:. 28 January 2011
1111:"Asharq Al Awsat"
838:on 9 October 2010
595:The split leaders
175:حركة شباب 6 أبريل
163:
162:
43:حركة شباب 6 أبريل
37:حركة شباب 6 أبريل
16:(Redirected from
5378:
5278:
5277:
5268:
5267:
5258:
5248:
5247:
5053:Waste management
4818:Academic grading
4736:
4735:
4723:
4722:
4695:Railway stations
4673:Cultural tourism
4572:Economic regions
4534:
4533:
4357:
4356:
4198:
4197:
3867:Mamluk Sultanate
3798:Diocese of Egypt
3781:Battle of Actium
3730:
3729:
3717:
3716:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3678:
3677:
3664:
3663:
3229:Mohamed Bouazizi
3134:Hassan al-Turabi
3109:Khaled al-Johani
3064:Mohammed Nabbous
3029:Marouf al-Bakhit
3024:King Abdullah II
2823:Foreign fighters
2798:Free Syrian Army
2786:National Command
2781:Regional Command
2520:
2513:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2490:Al-Masry Al-Youm
2447:
2445:
2443:
2414:
2409:
2403:
2391:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2250:Daily News Egypt
2241:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2078:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1803:Daily News Egypt
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1775:Daily News Egypt
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1547:Daily News Egypt
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1407:Daily News Egypt
1398:
1392:
1391:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1372:on 1 April 2013.
1368:. Archived from
1358:
1352:
1351:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1302:. Archived from
1292:
1286:
1285:
1274:
1268:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1113:. Archived from
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1063:Daily News Egypt
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1003:
994:
993:
991:
989:
974:
968:
967:
965:
963:
948:
937:
936:
934:
932:
916:
910:
909:
907:
905:
894:Daily News Egypt
885:
879:
878:
876:
874:
863:Daily News Egypt
854:
848:
847:
845:
843:
832:Daily News Egypt
823:
817:
816:
814:
812:
807:on 7 August 2008
800:Daily News Egypt
790:
784:
783:
781:
779:
758:
752:
751:
749:
747:
726:
676:Civil resistance
669:and head of the
652:
647:
646:
645:
582:
176:
114:Civil resistance
53:
39:
31:
21:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5341:Facebook groups
5291:
5290:
5289:
5284:
5228:
5219:Public holidays
5209:National anthem
5062:
4975:Coptic Churches
4918:Egyptian Arabic
4828:Medical schools
4730:
4713:
4629:Nuclear program
4541:
4524:
4454:Nationality law
4447:Supreme Council
4432:Law enforcement
4364:
4347:
4323:Sinai Peninsula
4306:Red Sea Riviera
4205:
4184:
4160:
4062:
3949:1919 revolution
3937:Revolt of Cairo
3862:Ayyubid dynasty
3840:Tulunid dynasty
3724:
3711:
3705:
3675:
3670:
3652:
3593:
3562:
3504:
3463:
3379:Iraqi Kurdistan
3309:Occupy movement
3295:
3266:Tawakkol Karman
3204:Moncef Marzouki
3174:Burhan Ghalioun
3144:Bashar al-Assad
3114:Manal al-Sharif
3044:Muammar Gaddafi
2892:
2648:
2542:
2529:
2524:
2465:Wayback Machine
2454:
2441:
2439:
2422:
2420:Further reading
2417:
2410:
2406:
2401:Wayback Machine
2392:
2388:
2381:
2377:
2372:Wayback Machine
2362:
2358:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2331:. 25 March 2014
2323:
2322:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2305:. 25 March 2014
2297:
2296:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2279:. 22 March 2014
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2254:
2253:. 23 March 2014
2243:
2242:
2238:
2228:
2226:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1991:
1989:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1941:
1939:
1938:on 8 April 2014
1930:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1893:
1891:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1837:
1835:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1721:
1719:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1693:
1691:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1637:
1635:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1551:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1497:
1495:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1300:Pulitzer Center
1294:
1293:
1289:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1210:
1208:
1196:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1137:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1117:on 1 March 2011
1109:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1065:. 30 April 2014
1057:
1056:
1052:
1042:
1040:
1039:. 29 April 2014
1031:
1030:
1026:
1016:
1014:
1013:. 29 April 2014
1005:
1004:
997:
987:
985:
984:. 28 April 2014
976:
975:
971:
961:
959:
949:
940:
930:
928:
917:
913:
903:
901:
886:
882:
872:
870:
855:
851:
841:
839:
824:
820:
810:
808:
791:
787:
777:
775:
759:
755:
745:
743:
727:
723:
719:
648:
643:
641:
638:
597:
591:and Port Said.
569:
557:Hala Shukrallah
544:
469:Popular Current
457:
406:Guy Verhofstadt
390:
384:
364:President Morsi
341:Mohamed Ibrahim
306:political party
298:
260:
146:
142:
136:
126:
116:
112:
108:
104:
92:Political group
90:
76:
72:
44:
36:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5384:
5374:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5272:
5262:
5252:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5169:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5155:Football clubs
5147:
5146:
5145:
5140:
5130:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5118:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5072:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5028:
5027:
5026:
5016:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4972:
4962:
4957:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4910:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4888:
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2452:External links
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2394:human righits
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2363:Esam Al-Amin,
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1494:. 29 July 2013
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5106:Coat of arms
5076:Architecture
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4891:Human rights
4850:Abaza family
4838:Universities
4803:Demographics
4756:Billionaires
4400:Constitution
4395:Conscription
4378:Governorates
4259:Halfaya Pass
4129:1954–present
4089:Constitution
4044:2010s Crisis
3956:World War II
3918:Urabi revolt
3835:Islamization
3769:31st Dynasty
3764:27th Dynasty
3623:Saudi Arabia
3344:Burkina Faso
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2536:
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2432:The Atlantic
2431:
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2303:Ahram Online
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1936:the original
1926:
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1519:ahram online
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1388:Aswat Mariya
1378:
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1356:
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1330:Ahram Online
1320:
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1304:the original
1290:
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1115:the original
1105:
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1091:. 2 May 2014
1089:Ahram Online
1088:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1062:
1053:
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1036:
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1015:. Retrieved
1011:Ahram Online
1010:
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982:Ahram Online
981:
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960:. Retrieved
956:
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867:the original
862:
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836:the original
831:
821:
809:. Retrieved
805:the original
798:
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768:The National
766:
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744:. Retrieved
734:
724:
650:Egypt portal
589:
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487:Mohamed Adel
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125:Area served
29:
5270:WikiProject
5031:Scientology
4901:LGBT rights
4823:Law schools
4607:Lighthouses
4550:Agriculture
4279:Mount Sinai
4239:Earthquakes
4039:Mubarak era
4010:Six-Day War
4000:Suez Crisis
3995:Land reform
3742:Prehistoric
3323:Azerbaijan
3089:Mohammed VI
3071:Mauritania:
3034:Samir Rifai
2979:Wael Ghonim
2969:Ahmed Nazif
2745:Mauritania:
2718:Shayfeencom
2527:Arab Spring
2479:Documentary
2442:27 February
2229:28 December
2222:IIP Digital
2201:28 December
2173:28 December
2145:28 December
2117:28 December
2089:28 December
1992:28 December
1985:Ahramonline
1894:28 December
1887:Ahramonline
1866:30 November
1859:Global Post
1838:28 December
1810:28 December
1782:28 December
1754:28 December
1722:28 December
1694:27 December
1666:27 December
1638:27 December
1610:27 December
1582:28 December
1575:Ahramonline
1554:15 December
1470:29 December
1463:Ahramonline
1442:28 December
1414:28 December
1310:22 December
1249:23 November
1211:16 February
1183:16 February
962:15 February
931:15 February
904:15 February
873:15 February
842:15 February
811:15 February
778:15 February
746:15 February
585:Ahmed Maher
491:Ahmed Douma
445:Ahmed Douma
437:Ahmed Maher
401:Ban Ki-moon
397:Navi Pillay
285:Ahmed Douma
264:Ahmed Maher
218:raised fist
207:free speech
140:Ahmed Maher
70:Ahmed Maher
5321:2011 riots
5295:Categories
5182:Newspapers
5172:Mass media
5024:Synagogues
4992:Irreligion
4940:Literature
4935:Liberalism
4874:Healthcare
4776:Corruption
4459:Parliament
4390:Corruption
4385:Civil Code
4328:Suez Canal
4286:Nile Delta
4171:Alexandria
4141:Population
4136:Parliament
4104:Healthcare
3985:Nasser era
3759:Achaemenid
3734:Chronology
3601:by country
3154:Adel Safar
2939:Ali Salman
2599:Mauritania
2329:Cairo Post
2277:Cairo Post
717:References
663:Ayman Nour
623:Alexandria
475:, and the
158:6april.org
135:Key people
118:Secularism
5177:Magazines
5167:Egyptians
5002:Ahmadiyya
4913:Languages
4879:Hospitals
4813:Education
4680:Transport
4639:Aswan Dam
4567:Companies
4508:Terrorism
4474:President
4437:Massacres
4427:Judiciary
4405:Elections
4274:Mountains
4203:Geography
4181:Port Said
4124:1939–1954
4119:1928–1938
4074:Anarchism
4017:Sadat era
3961:Sultanate
3908:Khedivate
3808:Christian
3776:Ptolemaic
3599:Timelines
3531:civil war
3432:2011–2012
2614:Palestine
567:The split
102:Democracy
5250:Category
5214:Olympics
5150:Football
4982:Hinduism
4950:Religion
4857:Feminism
4845:Families
4808:Diaspora
4771:Censuses
4761:Cannabis
4746:Abortion
4690:Airports
4685:Airlines
4661:Internet
4464:Passport
4442:Military
4415:Missions
4362:Politics
4343:Wildlife
4067:By topic
3980:Republic
3815:Sassanid
3666:Category
3414:Portugal
3389:Maldives
3246:UAE Five
3191:Tunisia:
3086:Morocco:
2926:Bahrain:
2911:Algeria:
2868:Al-Islah
2830:Tunisia:
2663:Al Wefaq
2660:Bahrain:
2564:Djibouti
2470:(Arabic)
2461:Archived
2436:Archived
2397:Archived
2368:Archived
2335:25 March
2309:25 March
2283:25 March
2257:25 March
1526:22 March
1498:4 August
1121:14 March
988:28 April
636:See also
608:in 2013.
362:against
274:in 2011.
258:Founders
211:nepotism
186:Facebook
66:Founders
5280:Commons
5199:Museums
5143:regions
5111:Cuisine
5096:Castles
5068:Culture
5038:Smoking
5019:Judaism
5007:Mosques
4886:Housing
4833:Schools
4739:General
4728:Society
4668:Tourism
4597:Fishing
4555:Banking
4539:Economy
4264:Islands
4254:Geology
4249:Fossils
4234:Deserts
4229:Climate
4219:Borders
4165:By city
4151:Saladin
4099:Genetic
4079:Capital
3966:Kingdom
3881:Ottoman
3747:Ancient
3722:History
3608:Bahrain
3553:Tunisia
3518:Bahrain
3428:Turkey
3398:Mexico
3339:Belarus
3319:Armenia
3314:Albania
3021:Jordan:
2878:Houthis
2838:Ennahda
2634:Tunisia
2604:Morocco
2589:Lebanon
2559:Bahrain
2554:Algeria
2058:7 April
2036:8 April
2014:7 April
1964:8 April
1942:8 April
1916:7 April
1831:Reuters
1263:anon.,
376:Amr Ali
349:Tamarod
281:member.
268:Mubarak
238:Georgia
234:Ukraine
190:Twitter
154:Website
148:Amr Ali
58:Founded
5260:Portal
5101:Cinema
4955:Baháʼí
4869:Health
4617:Mining
4587:Energy
4311:Rivers
4224:Cities
4146:Postal
3927:Modern
3872:Mamluk
3830:Fustat
3820:Muslim
3752:topics
3710:topics
3578:Libya
3527:Libya
3475:65/265
3419:Russia
3384:Israel
3358:India
3354:Greece
3301:Impact
3253:Yemen:
3141:Syria:
3126:Sudan:
3041:Libya:
2951:Egypt:
2888:Hiraak
2873:Hashid
2860:Yemen:
2775:Syria:
2763:CDHRAP
2730:Libya:
2683:Kefaya
2675:Egypt:
2653:Groups
2584:Kuwait
2579:Jordan
2194:GOV.UK
691:Kefaya
577:Arabic
520:Norway
508:France
471:, the
467:, the
226:Serbia
222:Otpor!
194:Flickr
171:Arabic
5204:Music
5187:Radio
5128:Films
5058:Women
5012:Niqāb
4997:Islam
4781:Crime
4622:Mines
4338:Wadis
4296:Oases
4269:Lakes
4214:Biota
4176:Cairo
4094:Copts
3903:Nahda
3793:Roman
3708:Egypt
3648:Egypt
3643:Libya
3638:Yemen
3633:Yemen
3628:Syria
3618:Libya
3613:Egypt
3589:Syria
3574:Egypt
3558:Yemen
3548:Syria
3523:Egypt
3424:Spain
3349:China
2644:Yemen
2629:Syria
2624:Sudan
2594:Libya
2569:Egypt
2383:youm7
2351:"mbc"
2077:(PDF)
1282:UNHCR
1145:Wired
1095:2 May
1069:2 May
1043:2 May
1017:2 May
736:Wired
606:Egypt
602:Morsi
514:Italy
272:Egypt
129:Egypt
98:Focus
5138:list
5133:Flag
5121:Wine
5116:Beer
4796:Rape
4491:list
4479:list
4316:Nile
4109:Jews
3500:2016
3495:2014
3490:2009
3485:1973
3480:1970
3437:2013
3407:2012
3402:2011
3394:Mali
3374:Iran
3367:2012
3362:2011
3332:2013
3327:2011
2609:Oman
2574:Iraq
2444:2011
2337:2014
2311:2014
2285:2014
2259:2014
2231:2013
2203:2013
2175:2013
2147:2013
2119:2013
2091:2013
2060:2014
2038:2014
2016:2014
1994:2013
1966:2014
1944:2014
1918:2014
1896:2013
1868:2013
1840:2013
1812:2013
1784:2013
1756:2013
1724:2013
1696:2013
1668:2013
1640:2013
1612:2013
1584:2013
1556:2013
1528:2014
1500:2013
1472:2013
1444:2013
1416:2013
1312:2011
1251:2023
1213:2009
1185:2009
1123:2011
1097:2014
1071:2014
1045:2014
1019:2014
990:2014
964:2008
933:2008
906:2008
875:2008
844:2008
813:2008
780:2008
748:2008
571:The
500:The
489:and
236:and
165:The
84:Type
61:2008
2692:FJP
2487:at
1631:CNN
5297::
5192:TV
2434:.
2430:.
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