Citroën 2CV - Knowledge

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were women. The original colour combinations offered were grey/white, grey/red and grey/yellow. All these cars were quickly sold out, so a second series of Dolly models were produced in September in white/red, white/green and beige/maroon. With demand for these models still high Citroën made the Dolly a permanent fixture in the 2CV range. While the first two series had, like the other special editions, been based on the more luxurious Club model the production Dolly was based on the basic 2CV Spécial to provide a model priced between the Spécial and the Club. Colours offered on the Dolly from 1986 were white/red, beige/maroon and blue/beige. In many markets, including Germany and the UK, the Dolly was best-selling 2CV model, outselling all the other variants combined in some years. The Charleston continued as the range-topping model, but the yellow/black colour option was dropped from 1984. This meant that in the 1980s there was a range of four full models:

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rather than plastic strips and no overriders were fitted. It also had the earlier round headlights, last fitted in 1974. In order to keep the price as low as possible, Citroën removed the third side window, the ashtray and virtually all trim from the car, while that which remained was greatly simplified, such as simple vinyl-clad door cards and exposed door catches rather than the plastic moulded trims found on the 2CV Club. Other 2CVs shared their instruments with the Dyane and H-Van but the Spécial had a much smaller square speedometer also incorporating the fuel gauge, originally fitted to the 2CV in the mid-1960s and then discontinued. The model also had a revised (and cheaper-to-make) plastic version of the 1960s two-spoke steering wheel instead of the one-spoke item from the Dyane, as found on the Club. From the 1978

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at 7000 rpm. With the 602 cc engine, the tax classification was bumped into the 3CV category, but the name remained unchanged. A 435 cc engine was introduced at the same time to replace the 425 cc unit; the 435 cc engine car was named 2CV 4 while the 602 cc took the name 2CV 6 (a variant in Argentina took the name 3CV). The 602 cc engine evolved to the M28 with 33 hp (24.3 kW) in 1970; this was the most powerful engine fitted to the 2CV. A new 602 cc giving 29 hp (21.3 kW) at a slower 5,750 rpm was introduced in 1979, being the final version. This engine was less powerful, and more efficient, allowing lower fuel consumption and better top speed, at the price of decreased acceleration. All 2CVs with the M28 engine can run on unleaded petrol.

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375 cc engine produced its 6.6 kW (9 hp) at 3500rpm and peak torque at 2000rpm. Many of the improvements in power output made to the 2CV engine over its production life were merely the result of removing the original in-built restrictions with more efficient carburettors, manifolds and valve events. The power peak speed was raised to 4200rpm for the 9.2 kW (12.5 hp) 425cc engine from 1955, 4500rpm from 1962 and 5000 rpm - with 13 kW (18 hp) - from 1963. The new 602 cc and 435 cc engines introduced in 1970 made their power at 6750rpm - nearly double the speed of the original engine from 1948 but with very few changes to the engine's internal design or components. If the original 375 cc engine had the same

952: 2602:, ensures that the front wheels are closer to vertical than the rears, when cornering hard with a lot of body roll. The soft springing, long suspension travel and the use of leading and trailing arms means that as the body rolls during cornering the wheelbase on the outside of the corner increases while the wheelbase on the inside of the corner decreases. As the cornering forces put more of the car's weight on the outside pair of wheels the wheelbase extends in proportion, keeping the car's weight balance and centre of grip constant, promoting excellent road holding. The other key factor in the quality of its road holding is the very low and forward centre of gravity, provided by the position of the engine and transmission. 938: 801: 787: 606: 3076:(4×4) car, equipped with two engines of 8.8 kW (12 hp) each, each one having a separate fuel tank, two gearboxes, and a connecting rod between the gearboxes. One was mounted in the front driving the front wheels and one in the back driving the rear wheels. A single gearstick, clutch pedal and accelerator were connected to both engines. It was originally intended for use by the French colonies in Northern Africa. As well as a decreased chance of being stranded, it provided four-wheel-drive traction with continuous drive to some wheels while others were slipping because the engine transmissions were uncoupled. Therefore, it became popular with 1234: 3328: 1547: 2521:(the suspension design allowed wheel changes without removing the skirts); bolt-on detachable front and rear wings; detachable doors, bonnet (and boot lid after 1960), by "slide out" P-profile sheet metal hinges; flap-up windows, as roll up windows were considered too heavy and expensive.; and detachable full length fabric sunroof and boot lid, for almost pickup-like load-carrying versatility. Ventilation in addition to the sunroof and front flap windows was provided by an opening flap under the windscreen. The car had load adjustable headlights and a heater (heaters were standardised on British economy cars in the 1960s). 915:

Cars were sold preferentially to country vets, doctors, midwives, priests and small farmers. In 1954, the speedometer got a light for night driving. In 1955, the 2CV side repeaters were added above and behind the rear doors. It was now also available with 425 cc (AZ), 9.2 kW (12.5 hp) and a top speed of 80 km/h (50 mph). In 1957, a heating and ventilation system was installed. The colour of the steering wheel changed from black to grey. The mirrors and the rear window were enlarged. The bonnet was decorated with a longitudinal strip of aluminium (AZL). In September 1957, the model AZLP (P for

1564: 1025: 1080: 579:, as the largest creditor, took over the bankrupt Citroën company. The new management commissioned a market survey, conducted by Jacques Duclos. France at that time had a large rural population which could not yet afford cars; Citroën used the survey results to prepare a design brief for a low-priced, rugged "umbrella on four wheels" that would enable four people to transport 50 kg (110 lb) of farm goods to market at 50 km/h (30 mph), if necessary across muddy, unpaved roads. In fuel economy, the car would use no more than 3 L/100 km (95 mpg 1464: 1220: 969: 2803:

thermostat that can afflict water- and air-cooled engines and the engine can withstand many hours of running under heavy load at high engine speeds even in hot weather. To prevent the engine running cool in cold weather (and to improve the output of the cabin heater) all 2CVs were supplied with a grille blind (canvas on early cars and a clip-on plastic item called a "muff" in the owner's handbook, on later ones) which blocked around half the aperture to reduce the flow of air to the engine. Like many other air-cooled car engines, the 2CV's

1481: 3116:. The design was thought to be more acceptable in appearance to British consumers than the standard 2CV. Incorporating some components from the DS (most noticeably the single-spoke steering wheel, and windscreen for the rear window), it did not achieve market success, because it was heavier than the 2CV and still used the 425 cc engine and so was even slower, reaching 100 km/h (62 mph) only under favourable conditions. It was also more expensive than the Austin Mini, which was more practical. 212 were built. 1021:

introduced, starting with Glacier Blue in 1959, then yellow in 1960. In the 1960s, 2CV production caught up with demand. In 1966, the 2CV got a third side window, this window made them look slightly bigger in size. In February 1965, Citroën Belgium introduced the 3CV AZAM6 which featured the 602 cc, 17 kW (23 hp) Ami 6 engine and the Ami's improved chassis. This version was manufactured until October 1967 and was also exported to certain continental markets although it was never offered in its native France.

675: 3243: 3097: 2846:. On any 2-cylinder boxer engine such as the 2CV's, the volume of the crankcase reduces by the cubic capacity of the engine when the pistons move together. This, combined with the inevitable small amount of "leakage" of combustion gases past the pistons leads to a positive pressure in the crankcase which must be removed in the interests of engine efficiency and to prevent oil and gas leaks. The 2CV's engine has a combined engine "breather" and oil filler assembly which contains a series of rubber 815: 1094: 2701: 2642:

fourth (or the S) could be engaged only by turning the lever to the right from the third. Reverse was opposite first. The idea was to put the most used gears opposite each other—for parking, first and reverse; for normal driving, second and third. This layout was adopted from the H-van's three-speed gearbox. Later models had an option for a semi-automatic clutch that allow the user to engage the first gear and wait at the traffic lights with the foot on the brakes only.

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simultaneously. For the two engines, there were separate petrol tanks under the front seats. The filler neck sat in the front doors. Both engines (and hence axles) could be operated independently. The spare wheel was mounted on the bonnet. The car had ample off-road capability, but at twice the price of the standard 2CV. 694 were produced until 1968 and one more in 1971. Many were used by the Swiss Post as a delivery vehicle. Today they are highly collectible.

689: 7683: 1498: 3065: 45: 2717: 3231: 1013:. In 1962, the engine power was increased to 10 kW (14 hp) and top speed to 85 km/h (53 mph). A sunroof was installed. In 1963, the engine power was increased to 13 kW (18 hp). An electric wiper motor replaced the drive on the speedometer. The ammeter was replaced by a charging indicator light. The speedometer was moved from the window frame into the dash. Instead of a dipstick/measuring rod, a fuel gauge was introduced. 3316: 3304: 2445: 1530: 3125: 3343: 6980: 2459: 2709: 2725: 7693: 1316:

be reached in 1986, thanks to the introduction of the popular Dolly special edition (see below)—7520 new 2CVs were registered in Britain that year. This year saw the discontinuation of the Club which was by then the only 2CV model to retain the rectangular headlamps. This left the Spécial as the only regular 2CV model, alongside the more fashion-orientated Dolly, Charleston and the other special editions.

1118:. The 2CV after this time became as much a youth lifestyle statement as a basic functional form of transport. This renewed popularity was encouraged by the Citroën "Raid" intercontinental endurance rallies of the 1970s where customers could participate by buying a new 2CV, fitted with a "P.O." kit (Pays d'Outre-mer—overseas countries), to cope with thousands of kilometres of very poor or off-road routes. 1624:. It achieved some success in these markets, to the extent that all Slough-built 2CVs were fitted with improved air cleaners and other modifications to suit the rough conditions found in Australia and Africa, where the 2CV's durability and good ride quality over rough roads attracted buyers. The 2CV sold poorly in Great Britain in part due to its excessive cost, because of import duties on components. 2556:

The fabric soft top can be rolled back and a picnic basket was available for purchase and fixed on the boot door. This reduces weight and lowers the centre of gravity, and allows the carrying of long or irregularly shaped items, but the key reason was that fabric was cheaper than steel which was in short supply and expensive after the war. The fixed-profile concept was quite popular in this period.

1202: 2978:, a conventional urban runabout, unremarkable apart from its exceptional lightness, seemed to address the car makers' requirements at the entry level in the early 1990s. Officially, the last 2CV, a Charleston, which was reserved for Mangualde's plant manager, rolled off the Portuguese production line on 27 July 1990, although five additional 2CV Spécials were produced afterwards. 1516: 464:(originally offering 6.6 kW, 9 hp), and minimal fuel consumption. In addition, it had been designed to cross a freshly ploughed field with a basket full of eggs on the passenger's seat without breaking them, because of the great lack of paved roads in France at the time; with a long-travel suspension system, that connects front and rear wheels, giving a very soft ride. 749:"people's car" did have a four-speed gearbox. Becchia persuaded Boulanger that the fourth gear was an overdrive. The increased number of gear ratios also helped to pull the extra weight of changing from light alloys to steel for the body and chassis. Other changes included seats with tubular steel frames with rubber band springing and a restyling of the body by the Italian 2850:. These allow positive pressure to escape the crankcase (to the engine air intake to be recirculated) but close when the pressure in the crankcase drops as the pistons move apart. Because gases are expelled but not admitted this creates a slight vacuum in the crankcase so that any weak joint or failed seal causes air to be sucked in rather than allowing oil to leak out. 1047:. The exterior is more modern and distinguished by the integrated lights in the wings and bodywork. Between 1967 and 1983, about 1.4 million Dyanes were built. The Dyane was a more sophisticated 2CV and originally planned to supersede it, but 2CV production continued by its side and ultimately the 2CV outlived the Dyane by seven years. Citroën also developed the 2618:("batteurs") at the front (because the leading arm had more inertia and "bump/thump" than the trailing arm), with hydraulic telescopic dampers / shock absorbers front and rear. The uprated hydraulic damping obviated the need for the rear inertia dampers. It was designed to be a comfortable ride by matching the frequencies encountered in human bipedal motion. 724:. Several TPVs were buried at secret locations; one was disguised as a pickup, the others were destroyed, and Boulanger spent the next six years thinking about further improvements. Until 1994, when three TPVs were discovered in a barn, it was believed that only two prototypes had survived. As of 2003, there were five known TPVs. 594:, vice-president of Citroën and chief of engineering and design, sent the brief to his design team at the engineering department. The TPV (Toute Petite Voiture – "Very Small Car") was to be developed in secrecy at Michelin facilities at Clermont-Ferrand and at Citroën in Paris, by the design team who had created the 1719:

the first economy car on the market in Chile. The 1970s Chilean version mounted a 602 cc engine with an output of 24 kW (33 hp), and was designated as the AX-330. It was built between 1970 and 1978, during which it saw changes like different bumpers, a hard roof, front disc brakes, and square headlights.

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installed in the 1939 versions. Walter Becchia was now briefed to design an air-cooled unit, still of two cylinders, and still of 375 cc. Becchia was also supposed to design a three-speed gearbox, but managed to design a four-speed for the same space at little extra cost. At this time small French cars like the

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The Dolly special edition was introduced in March 1985, using bright two-tone colour schemes with a similar Art Deco style as the more subdued Charleston. In its name, style and marketing the Dolly was particularly aimed at female car buyers, as in the mid-1980s research showed that 40% of 2CV buyers

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which more than doubled the power. In one scene, the ultra-light 2CV tips over and is quickly righted by hand. Citroën launched a special edition 2CV "007" to coincide with the film, it was fitted with the standard engine and painted yellow with "007" on the front doors and fake bullet hole stickers.

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of the Delpire Agency was responsible for the brochures. Ad copy came from Jacques Wolgensinger Director of PR at Citroën. Wolgensinger was responsible for the youth oriented "Raids", 2CV Cross, rallies, the use of "Tin-Tin", and the slogan "More than just a car—a way of life". A range of colours was

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In 1960, the production of the 375 cc engine ended. The corrugated metal bonnet was replaced by a five-rib glossy cover. Simultaneously, the grille was slightly modified (flatter shape with a curved top edge).Rectangular turn signals were integrated to the front wings on the AZAM export model; these

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In 1949, the first delivered 2CV type A was 375 cc, 6.6 kW (9 hp), with a 65 km/h (40 mph) top speed, only one tail light and windscreen wiper with speed shaft drive; the wiper speed was dependent on the driving speed. There was no fuel gauge; Citroën provided a dipstick below the

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The development and production of what was to become the 2CV was also delayed by the incoming 1944 Socialist French government, after the liberation by the Allies from the Germans. The five-year "Plan Pons" to ration car production and husband scarce resources, named after economist and former French

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The system comprises two suspension cylinders mounted horizontally on each side of the platform chassis. Inside the cylinders are two springs, one for each wheel, mounted at each end of the cylinder. The springs are connected to the front leading swinging arm and rear trailing swinging arm, that act

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and 7212 went to the UK. France was now the third-largest market for 2CVs, taking 7045 cars that year. It was estimated that Citroën was now selling the 2CV at a loss in the French market, but that it was still profitable in other European countries. The peak of 2CV sales in the United Kingdom would

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6. (602 cc) models. From then on, only two series were produced: the 2CV 4 (AZKB) with 435 cc and the 2CV 6 (AZKA) with 602 cc displacement. All 2CVs from this date can run on unleaded fuel. 1970s cars featured rectangular headlights from 1975, except the Spécial model. In 1971, the front bench

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By 1952, production had reached more than 21,000 with export markets earning foreign currency taking precedence. Boulanger's policy, which continued after his death, was: "Priority is given to those who have to travel by car because of their work and for whom ordinary cars are too expensive to buy."

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Despite critics, Citroën was flooded with customer orders at the show. The car had a great impact on the lives of the low-income segment of the population in France. The 2CV was a commercial success: within months of it going on sale, there was a three-year waiting list, which soon increased to five

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The first prototypes were bare chassis with rudimentary controls, seating and roof; test drivers wore leather flying suits, of the type used in contemporary open biplanes. By the end of 1937 20 TPV experimental prototypes had been built and tested. The prototypes had only one headlight, all that was

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These design features made the 2CV engine highly reliable; test engines were run at full speed for 1000 hours at a time, equivalent to driving 80,000 km (50,000 mi) at full throttle. They also meant that the engine was "sealed for life"—for example, replacing the big-end bearings required

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of the sump ensured that as much of the oil within as possible lay close to the cooled metal on the underside, further helping to regulate the oil temperature. As with the oil cooler, this cooling effect was unregulated and varied greatly depending on air temperature, vehicle speed and engine load.

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was wide and shallow, being formed from extensions to the crankcase castings in the form of an inverted 'T'. The exterior of the sump was formed with cooling fins and the underside protruded below the level of the chassis rails, exposing the sump to the flow of air as the car drove along. The shape

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and a hemispherical combustion chamber. The earliest model developed 9 hp DIN (6.6 kW). A 425 cc engine was introduced in 1955 with initially 12 hp (8.8 kW), later increased to 18 hp (13.2 kW), followed in 1970 by a 602 cc one giving 28 hp (20.6 kW)

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by pull rods (tie rods). These are connected to spring seating cups in the middle of the cylinder, each spring being compressed independently, against the ends of the cylinder. Each cylinder is mounted using an additional set of springs, originally made from steel, called "volute" springs, on later

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The 2CV used the fixed-profile convertible, where the doors and upper side elements of its bodywork remain fixed although, the doors could be removed easily too by lifting them up and way from the car. The bonnet too could be removed by sliding sideways to allow extra ventilation on very hot days.

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By 1941, after an increase in aluminium prices of 40%, an internal report at Citroën showed that producing the TPV post-war would not be economically viable, given the projected further increasing cost of aluminium. Boulanger decided to redesign the car to use mostly steel with flat panels, instead

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valve in its oil system. The engine needed more time for oil to reach normal operating temperature in cold weather. All the oil passed through an oil cooler behind the fan and received the full cooling effect regardless of the ambient temperature. This removes the risk of overheating from a jammed

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were powered by a purely mechanical system: a cable connected to the transmission; to reduce cost, this cable also powered the speedometer. The wipers' speed was therefore dependent on car speed. When the car was stationary, the wipers were not powered; thus, a handle under the speedometer allowed

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The swinging arms are mounted with large bearings to "cross tubes" that run side to side across the chassis; combined with the effects of all-independent soft springing and excellent damping, keeps the road wheels in contact with the road surface and parallel to each other across the axles at high

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The Citroën Méhari and Ranger were produced in a Uruguayan assembly plant between 1970 and 1982. In a joint effort, Dasur made the body out of fiberglass and Nordex made the chassis, while Quintanar sold the vehicles. Around 14,000 vehicles were built, 9,000 of which were exported to Argentina and

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The 1953 Citroneta model of the 2CV made in Chile and Argentina used a type AZ chassis with 425 cc engine developing 8.8 kW (12 hp). Both chassis and engine were made in France while the "three box" bodywork (in both 2- and 4-door versions) was designed and produced in Chile. It was

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In relation to the 2CV's performance and acceleration, it was joked that it went "from 0–60 km/h in one day". The original 1948 model that produced 6.6 kW (9 hp) had a 0–40 km/h (0–25 mph) time of 42.4 seconds and a top speed of 64 km/h (40 mph), far below the speeds

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of the fuel for greater combustion efficiency. The chamber also served as a reservoir of fuel/air mixture downstream of the carburettor body, allowing each cylinder to draw an equal and balanced amount of mixture for further efficiency and smooth-running. The heat chamber principle was especially

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pulling the whole cylinder forwards. That action pulls the rear wheel down on the same side via the rear spring assembly and pull rod. When the rear wheel meets that bump a moment later, it does the same in reverse, keeping the car level front to rear. When both springs are compressed on one side

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The special edition models began with the 1976 SPOT model and continued in with the 1980 Charleston, inspired by Art-Deco two colour styles 1920s Citroën model colour schemes (initially Grey/Black, Maroon/Black and Yellow/Black). In 1981 the 007 arrived. In 1983 the 2CV Beachcomber arrived in the

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available which launched in 1978. Peak annual production for 2CVs reached 163,143 cars in 1974 but by 1980 this had dropped to 89,994 and by 1983 would stand at just 59,673. Nonetheless, the car remained profitable for PSA to produce on account of its tooling and set-up costs being amortised many

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hung from the roof by wires. The suspension system, designed by Alphonse Forceau, used front leading arms and rear trailing arms, connected to eight torsion bars beneath the rear seat: a bar for the front axle, one for the rear axle, an intermediate bar for each side, and an overload bar for each

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or Composite Concept Vehicle developed in the mid-1990s is a concept car designed to illustrate new manufacturing methods suitable for developing countries. The car is a tall, roomy four-door sedan of small dimensions. The designers at Chrysler said they were inspired to create a modernised 2CV.

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with conservative fuel jet sizes. This restricted both the engine's power output and its maximum rotational speed to far below the actual limits of its component parts, ensuring that however hard it was driven and despite extremes of temperature, it would not be close to its ultimate limits. The

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The gearbox was a four-speed manual transmission, an advanced feature on an inexpensive car at the time. The gear stick came horizontally out of the dashboard with the handle curved upwards. It had a strange shift pattern: the first was back on the left, the second and third were inline, and the

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This suspension design ensured the road wheels followed ground contours underneath them closely, while insulating the vehicle from shocks, enabling the 2CV to be driven over a ploughed field without breaking any eggs, as its design brief required. More importantly it could comfortably and safely

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had been the global centre for 2CV production since 1948 but was outdated, inefficient and widely criticised for its poor working conditions. The last French-built 2CV was made on February 25. In recognition of the event, the last 2CV built at Levallois was a basic Spécial in a non-standard grey

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In July 1975, a base model called the 2CV Spécial was introduced with the 435 cc engine. Between 1975 and 1990 under the name of AZKB "2CV Spécial" a drastically reduced trim basic version was sold, at first only in yellow and with an untreated black roof. Slimmer bumpers with stick-on tape

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delivery. Even the most highly-tuned factory versions of the 2CV engine do not come close to the unit's actual upper limits - 2CVs used in the car's racing series use standard engines tuned to around 33 kW (45 hp) which still prove reliable even in long 24-hour endurance competitions.

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of the front wheels increases by as much as 8 degrees thus ensuring that ride quality, handling and road holding are almost unaffected by the additional weight. On early cars friction dampers (like a dry version of a multi-plate clutch design) were fitted at the mountings of the front and rear

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The Charleston, having been presented in October 1980 as a one-season "special edition" was incorporated into the regular range in July 1981 in response to its "extraordinary success". By changing the carburetor to achieve 21 kW (29 hp), a top speed of 115 km/h (71 mph) was

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appeared in December 1960. This had an additional engine-transmission unit in the rear, mounted the other way around and driving the rear wheels. For the second engine there was a separate push-button starter and choke. With a gearstick between the front seats, both transmissions were operated

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to relabel the rail cars containing them in the Paris marshalling yard. They ended up all over Europe, and Citroën was by no means sure they would all be returned after the war. In early 1944 Boulanger made the decision to abandon the water-cooled two-cylinder engine developed for the car and

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as the original 24 kW (33 hp) 602 cc version it would have produced 14 kW (19 hp), more than double its actual rated output. The original principle of deliberately restricting the engine's speed returned in 1979 for the revised M28 602 cc engine, which had its

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In Germany and Switzerland a special edition called "I Fly Bleifrei" ("I Fly Lead Free") was launched in 1986, that could use unleaded, instead of then normal leaded petrol and super unleaded. It was introduced mainly because of stricter emissions standards. In 1987 it was replaced by the

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From 1965, Nordex produced its own panel van and pick-up versions of the Citroën 2CV. While the doors and the rear structure (in the case of the panel van, the roof as well) were made of sheet steel, the fenders and bonnet were made by Dasur (Danrée, Soler & Bonet) and were made of

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The Méhari Ranger represented a national specialty. With a fixed structure, the Méhari became a station wagon with large glass surfaces. The side windows in front of the doors were also striking. The rear wheel cutouts also differed from the original. This vehicle weighed 700 kg.

769:. The "Plan Pons" came to an end in 1949. Postwar French roads were very different from pre-war ones. Horse-drawn vehicles had re-appeared in large numbers. The few internal combustion-engined vehicles present often ran on town gas stored in gasbags on roofs or wood/charcoal gas from 2638:, which was the first mass-produced steel monocoque front-wheel-drive car in the world. The 2CV was originally equipped with a sliding splined joint, and twin Hookes type universal joints on its driveshafts; later models used constant velocity joints and a sliding splined joint. 2853:

As well as features intended for durability and efficiency, the early 2CV engines were also significantly under-tuned, making much less power than was theoretically possible. The original 375 cc engine featured deliberately small-diameter inlet tracts and a small-diameter

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United Kingdom; it was known as "France 3" in France or "Transat" in other continental European markets—Citroën sponsored the French America's Cup yacht entry of that year. In 1986 there was the Cocorico. This means "cock-a-doodle-doo" and tied in with France's entry in the

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Portuguese-built cars, especially those from when production was winding down, have a reputation in the UK for being much less well-made and more prone to corrosion than those made in France. According to Citroën, the Portuguese plant was more up-to-date than the one in

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necessary for North American highways or the German Autobahns of the day. The top speed increased with engine size to 80 km/h (50 mph) in 1955, 84 km/h (52 mph) in 1962, 100 km/h (62 mph) in 1970, and 115 km/h (71 mph) in 1981.

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models made from rubber. These allow the front and rear suspension to interconnect. When the front wheel is deflected up over a bump, the front pull rod compresses the front spring inside the cylinder, against the front of the cylinder. This also compresses the front

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in the UK ("if a Citroen 2CV hit a rabbit, the car would be a write-off, while the rabbit would probably think something was stuck in its ear", "only the French could make a car like that and then sell it to the British", "an upturned corrugated crab on wheels").

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when travelling around a bend, or front and rear wheels hit bumps simultaneously, the equal and opposite forces applied to the front and rear spring assemblies reduce the interconnection. It reduces pitching, which is a particular problem of soft car suspension.

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The 2CV-based delivery vans introduced in the spring of 1951 differed from the sedan from the B-pillar onwards by having a box-like, spacious cargo area that could be loaded through two gullwing doors at the rear. The van was named "Fourgonnette" by Citroën.

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On 3 September 1939, France declared war on Germany following their invasion of Poland. An atmosphere of impending disaster led to the cancellation of the 1939 motor show less than a month before it was scheduled to open. The launch of the 2CV was abandoned.

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lid panel; previously the soft top had to be opened at the bottom to get to the boot. In 1958, a Belgian Citroën plant produced a higher quality version of the car (AZL3). It had a third side window, not available in the normal version and improved details.

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when they were new; similar to the situation in Britain, their pricing was excessive relative to competitors. The original model that produced 6.6 kW (9 hp) and had a top speed of 64 km/h (40 mph) was unsuited to the expanding post-war

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side. The front axle was connected to its torsion bars by cable. The overload bar came into play when the car had three people on board, two in the front and one in the rear, to support the extra load of a fourth passenger and fifty kilograms of luggage.

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The 2CV was produced for 42 years, the model finally succumbing to customer demands for speed, in which this ancient design had fallen significantly behind modern cars, and safety. Although the front of the chassis was designed to fold up, to form a

1644:. They were to serve as motor transport with the 42nd Commando regiment of the Royal Marines, which required robust and reliable vehicles to cope with jungle tracks, that were light enough to be taken ashore by helicopter from the aircraft carriers. 1616:, England was from 1953 to 1960. Until then British construction and use regulations made cars with inboard front brakes such as the 2CV illegal. Producing the car in Britain allowed Citroën to circumvent trade barriers and to sell cars in the 1311:. This was widely regarded as a superior car to the Visa and took many of the remaining 2CV sales in France following its introduction. From 1986 to 1987 2CV production fell by 20 per cent to just 43,255 cars. Of that total over 12,500 went to 1576:

The 2CV was originally sold in France and some European markets, and went on to enjoy strong sales in Asia, South America, and Africa. During the post-war years Citroën was very focused on the home market, which had some unusual quirks, like

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In 1975, the 2CV was re-introduced to the British market in the wake of the oil crisis, which resulted in an increasing demand for smaller cars, to which most manufacturers had responded by launching small "supermini" cars, including the

3263:

Various 4×4 conversions were built by independent constructors, such as Marc Voisin, near Grenoble, some from a Méhari 4×4 chassis and a 2CV body. In the UK, Louis Barbour builds single-engined four-wheel-drive 2CVs. In the late 1990s,

3148:

assembly plants. There was widespread production of similar 2CV-based vehicles in a large number of countries, including Iran (Baby-Brousse, Jyane-Mehari), Vietnam (Dalat), Chile (Yagan), Belgium (VanClee), Spain, Portugal and others.

1792:

Citroën Argentina S.A. exported parts to France, Spain, and Chile. Complete automobiles were exported to Paraguay, Bolivia and Cuba. Chassis with mechanics to Uruguay (some returned to the plant as completed Mehari or AK-400 models).

3037:

was building 2CVs until 2002. The cars were built from scratch using mostly new parts. But as the 2CV no longer complied with safety regulations, the cars were sold as second-hand cars using chassis and engine numbers from old 2CVs.

2873:

specialised equipment to dismantle and reassemble the built-up crankshaft, and as this was often not available the entire crankshaft had to be replaced. The engine is very under-stressed and long-lived, so this is not a major issue.

645:

In mid-1939 a pilot run of 250 cars was produced and on 28 August 1939 the car received approval for the French market. Brochures were printed and preparations made to present the car, renamed the Citroën 2CV, at the forthcoming

3080:

enthusiasts. Between 1958 and 1971, Citroën built 694 Saharas. The top speed was 65 km/h (40 mph) on one engine, and 105 km/h (65 mph) with both engines running. These rare vehicles are highly collectible.

1061:

engine size increased to 602 cc (36.7 cu in), although for many years the smaller 425 cc (25.9 cu in) engine continued to be available in France and export markets where engine size determined

561:

to facilitate the production of derivative models. Just like the Beetle, the 2CV became not only a million seller but also one of the few cars in history to continue a single generation in production for over four decades.

1267:. As part of this rationalisation in 1981, the Spécial was fitted as standard with the 602 cc engine, although the 435 cc version remained available to special order in some European countries until stocks were used up. 2494:

6) in October 1981 (for the 1982 model year). The reliability of the car was enhanced by the minimalist simplification of the designers, being air-cooled (with an oil cooler), it had no coolant, radiator, water pump or

601:

Boulanger closely monitored all decisions relating to the TPV, proposing strictly reduced target weights. He created a department to weigh and redesign each component, to lighten the TPV without compromising function.

2655:

them to be operated by hand. The wipers and speedometer could not be used at the same time. From 1962, the wipers were powered by a single-speed electric motor. The car came with only a speedometer and an ammeter.

1175:

Because of new emission standards, in 1975, power was reduced from 21 to 18 kW (28 to 25 hp). The round headlights were replaced by square ones, adjustable in height. A new plastic grille was fitted.

910:

panel van. The "Weekend" version of the van had collapsible, removable rear seating and rear side windows, enabling a tradesman to use it as a family vehicle on the weekend as well as for business in the week.

874:

correspondent wrote that the 2CV "...is the work of a designer who has kissed the lash of austerity with almost masochistic fervour". One American motoring journalist quipped, "Does it come with a can opener?"

548:

in significant ways. Conceived in the 1930s, to make motorcars affordable to regular people for the first time in their countries, both went into large scale production in the late 1940s, featuring air-cooled

3383:

For transportation purposes, some saloon models were rebuilt into vans using fibreglass reconstructions of corrugated 2CV Fourgonnette rear box sections. The "Bedouin" was a flat-panel wooden-bodied kit car.

2485:

The level of technology in the 1948 2CV was remarkable for the era. While colours and detail specifications were modified in the ensuing 42 years, the biggest mechanical change was the addition of front

617:

in charge of the TPV project. Lefèbvre had designed and raced Grand Prix cars; his speciality was chassis design and he was particularly interested in maintaining contact between tyres and the road surface.

1784:

Model designations produced were the 2CV sedan, 3CV hatchback, AZU van, AK van, AK 400 van, AMI 8, and Méhari. The derivation called "3CV" was a special Argentina model with various modifications such as a

1747:

fiberglass-reinforced plastic. In contrast to the original, the frame was manufactured on a sheet metal bending machine. Start of production was 1966 for the "3CV" model and the Ami 8 model in the 1970s.

6075: 1754:

For the Méhari, a two-cylinder boxer engine with a 74 mm bore, 70 mm stroke, 602 cc displacement and 26 kW (35 hp) power drove the front wheels. The curb weight was 590 kg.

1111:

seat was replaced with two individual seats. In 1972, 2CVs were fitted with standard three-point seat belts. In 1973, new seat covers, a padded single-spoke steering wheel and ashtrays were introduced.

1184:

the Spécial regained third side windows and was available in red and white. Beginning in mid-1979 the 602 cc engine was installed. In June 1981, the Spécial E arrived. This model had a standard

2884:

on the front of the crankshaft at the centre of the fan. This feature, once universal on cars and still common in 1948 when the 2CV was introduced, was kept until the end of production in 1990.

486:

Between 1948 and 1990, more than 3.8 million 2CVs were produced, making it the world's first front-wheel drive car to become a million seller after Citroën's own earlier model, the more upscale

2499:. It had no distributor either, just a contact breaker system. Except for the brakes, there were no hydraulic parts on original models; damping was by tuned mass dampers and friction dampers. 2622:

drive at reasonable speed, along the ill-maintained and war-damaged post-war French Routes Nationales. It was commonly driven "Pied au Plancher"—"foot to the floor" by their peasant owners.

982:

became round on post-1970 cars when indicators were fitted to the rear of the car too. As a result the flashers disappeared from their traditional home high on the rear three quarter panel.

4337: 3213:

the possibility of acquiring a mobile home at a reasonable price was the decisive factor for buyers. Technically, this variant went through almost the same development steps as the sedan.

490:, which had become the first front-wheel drive car to sell in similar six-figure numbers. The 2CV platform spawned many variants; the 2CV and its variants are collectively known as the 843:, and was available only in grey. The fuel level was checked with a dipstick/measuring rod, and the speedometer was attached to the windscreen pillar. The only other instrument was an 5467: 2900:

flat-twin, a 652 cc featuring electronic ignition. Citroën never sold this engine in the 2CV, but some enthusiasts have converted their 2CVs to 652 engines, or even transplanted

879:

years. At the time a second-hand 2CV was more expensive than a new one because the buyer did not have to wait. Production was increased from 876 units in 1949 to 6,196 units in 1950.

2537:-style tube framework, and a very thin steel shell that was bolted to the chassis. Because the original design brief called for a low speed car, little or no attention was paid to 906:

In 1951, the 2CV received an ignition lock and a lockable driver's door. Production reached 100 cars a week. By the end of 1951 production totalled 16,288. Citroën introduced the

1002:

style "ripple bonnet" of convex swages was replaced (except for the Sahara), with one using six larger concave swages and looked similar until the end of production. The 2CV had

1799:

A 2CV with a heavily modified front end called the 3CV IES America was produced well into the 1980s, by an Argentinian company that bought the rights and factory from Citroën.

3287:

Some owners wished to have more luggage capacity in the 2CV sedan. Early 2CV could be fitted with a rounded aftermarket boot (trunk) lid, reminiscent of a post-war "big boot"

2614:

swinging arms to the cross-tubes. Because the rear brakes were outboard, they had extra tuned mass dampers to damp wheel bounce from the extra unsprung mass. Later models had

3811: 1043:

that boosted practicality; (a hatchback kit was available from Citroën dealers for the 2CV and aftermarket kits were available). This was in response to competition by the

716:

Michelin (Citroën's main shareholder) and Citroën managers decided to hide the TPV project from the Nazis, fearing some military application as in the case of the future

7729: 5224: 1682:

The second wave of 2CVs for the British market were produced in France but avoided the crippling import duties of the 1950s, because the UK was by then a member of the

1589:

the Citroën cars clearly demonstrated their superiority over their competitors' tyres. But they were not prepared to initiate the investment needed for the 2CV (or the

5080: 2935:.) Its advanced underlying engineering was ignored or misunderstood by the public, being clothed in an anachronistic body. It was the butt of many a joke, famously by 1875: 3616: 3279:, was built for the French Fire Service—the Sapeur-Pompiers. This was meant to enable the car to drive into a narrow position and away again without having to turn. 3112:, UK in the early 1960s. It was a two-door fibreglass-bodied version of the 2CV designed by Peter Kirwan-Taylor, who had been involved in styling the original 1950s 3173:-shaped, very lightweight vehicle, which would be more modern and smaller than the 2CV. One of the prototypes, the Citroën C-10 has survived and is still owned by 1593:

for that matter) to truly compete on the global stage. Citroën was always under-capitalised until the 1970s Peugeot takeover. The 2CV sold 9 million vehicles; the

4902:

Recordando otra de nuestras restauraciones. Un Citroen Mehari "URUGUAYO", el MEHARI RANGER de fabricacion nacional a fines de los años 70' y principio de los 80'

6079: 5874: 5848: 4981: 4907:

Remembering another of our restorations. A Citroen Mehari "URUGUAYO", the MEHARI RANGER of national manufacture at the end of the 70's and beginning of the 80's

4590: 2728:

2CV flat-twin engine halved with piston removed—showing connecting rod, crankshaft, crankcase, camshaft, spring-loaded split timing gear and engine oil pickup

831:

that would be sold the next year, but it lacked an electric starter, the addition of which was decided the day before the opening of the Salon, replacing the

5158: 773:

on trailers. Only 100,000 of the two million pre-war cars were still on the road. The time was known as "Les années grises" or "the grey years" in France.

1638:

in the West Indies and the Indian Ocean during 1957–58, with the Westland Whirlwind helicopters of 845 squadron RNAS. The pick-ups also served aboard HMS

5490: 2678:. The disc brakes were forced-air cooled by ducts drawing air from the engine fan housing, greatly reducing the likelihood of the brakes to overheat or 4744: 456:

and carts in 1930s France, the 2CV has a combination of innovative engineering and straightforward, utilitarian bodywork. The 2CV featured overall low

3144:

were flat-panelled Mehari type, 2CV based utility cars, built from kits of mechanical parts, with many components sourced locally. They were built in

2931:

was very poor by modern standards. (The drive for improved safety in Europe happened from the 1990s onwards, and accelerated with the 1997 advent of

4309: 3770: 2464:

All 2CVs have flap-up windows: roll up windows were considered too heavy and expensive in 1948 and the design (thin doors) did not allow any updates.

761:, only allowed Citroën the upper middle range of the car market, with the Traction Avant. The French government allocated the economy car market, US 2733: 157: 6113: 4341: 4438: 3216:

Production of the delivery van, also known as the "box duck", was discontinued in mid-1978. At about the same time, the high-roof variant of the

2864:

carburettor and camshaft altered to make reduced power at a lower speed of 5750rpm in the interests of lower overall fuel consumption and better

1889:, a former colony of France, the 2CV is so ubiquitous given its use as a taxi that is popularly considered to be a symbol of the country itself. 1402:

is an unofficial national symbol of France. In 1987 came the Bamboo, followed by the 1988 Perrier in association with the mineral water company.

161: 7722: 3552: 1145: 6273: 3496: 475:, which accommodated oversized loads, and until 1955 even stretched to cover the car's trunk, reaching almost down to the car's rear bumper. 5471: 882:

Grudging respect began to emanate from the international press: towards the end of 1951 the opinion appeared in Germany's recently launched

2783:

and heavy loads for long periods of time, as was intended for the 2CV, when the throttle plate in the carburettor would be fully open, the

6907: 4516: 8325: 6139: 5314: 706: 3275:

Another very different double front-ended, four-wheel drive (but not at the same time) 2CV, the 1952 Citroën Cogolin, also known as the

541:

described the 2CV as "the most intelligent application of minimalism ever to succeed as a car", and a car of "remorseless rationality".

3910: 1840:. This venture lasted from 1959 to 1985, and grew to encompass many Citroën models. The Yugoslav automobile market was closed, so this 7715: 2774:

at an enlarged 'heat chamber'. Heat from the exhaust warmed both the metal and the air/fuel mixture inside the chamber, ensuring full

6008: 5977: 7742: 4538: 4140: 4042: 3802: 2762:

for simplicity and reliability and had only speed-controlled ignition timing, no vacuum advance taking account of engine load. The

1825: 1324:

colour—the same shade as worn by the very first 2CVs. Production of the 2CV would continue at the smaller-capacity but more modern

661:, first commercialised with the introduction of the 2CV. This radial design is an integral part of the design of the 2CV chassis. 6292: 4219: 1816:, and was never widely accepted in North America. Even the fastest of the later models struggled to 115 km/h (71 mph). 3683: 1009:

In 1961, Citroën launched a new model based on the 2CV chassis, with a four-door sedan body and a reverse rake rear window: the

8320: 5107: 224: 5415: 5033: 4564: 3589: 1663:), but the bodywork proved too heavy for the 425 cc (25.9 cu in) engine to endow it with adequate performance. 6715: 6692: 6673: 6654: 6631: 6612: 6568: 5732: 5528: 5228: 1409: 5084: 3431: 3013: 2695: 2012: 1999: 1986: 1939: 1870:". This idea of building a "simplified" 2CV in developing countries was subsequently tried several times, as detailed under 868:

The car was heavily criticised by the motoring press and became the butt of French comedians for a short while. The British

587:). One design parameter required that customers be able to transport eggs across a freshly ploughed field without breakage. 6602: 5250: 2472: 1796:

Citroën Argentina outsourced parts to 450 auto parts companies, the national content of the vehicles was over 95% by 1969.

6831: 8280: 6165: 6043: 4594: 8315: 7637: 3242: 2605:

The suspension also automatically accommodates differing payloads in the car- with four people and cargo on board the

6591: 6020: 5878: 5852: 4989: 4052: 3372:

and Patron from the Netherlands. Most are also available as three wheelers (single wheel at the rear), like an early

1762:

From 1978 onwards, Nordex manufactured the Citroën AK 400 from Argentine and Belgian parts for the Argentine market.

1738:, 200 Yagáns used by the Army to patrol the streets and the Peruvian border, with 106 mm (4.2 in) cannons. 7652: 7362: 6871: 2671: 1297: 8310: 7647: 6772: 5588: 1039:, a direct derivative, based on the 2CV chassis, with an updated but similar, utilitarian body, distinguished by a 937: 305: 4652: 3181:. It was equipped with the same 425 cc engine as the 2CV. The vehicle was also nicknamed Citroën Coccinelle ( 2770:

were welded together into a single unit, with exhaust pipe and inlet tract abutting each other directly under the

1374:

on 27 July 1990. Only 42,365 2CVs were built in Portugal in the two years following the end of French production.

5162: 3018: 2914:

Steve Cropley ran and reported on a turbocharged 602 cc 2CV that was developed by engineer Richard Wilsher.

728:

of aluminium. The Nazis had attempted to loot Citroën's press tools; this was frustrated after Boulanger got the

5826: 5610: 5566: 3656: 2835:

are mated to the cylinder barrels by lapped joints with extremely fine tolerances, as are the two halves of the

7547: 5470:[Cimos Dak and Geri: the Yugoslav van that Citroën did not want!] (in French). CarJager. Archived from 4637:

Costa, André & Georges-Michel Fraichard, ed. (September 1982). "Salon 1983: Toutes les Voitures du Monde".

4619:

Costa, André & Georges-Michel Fraichard, ed. (September 1979), "Salon 1979: Toutes les Voitures du Monde",

1363:, the latter one of the car's largest remaining markets. That year, the three leading markets for the 2CV were 5011: 4118: 951: 827:

Citroën unveiled the car at the Paris Salon on 7 October 1948. The car on display was nearly identical to the

753:. Also, in 1944 the first studies of the Citroën hydro-pneumatic suspension were conducted using the TPV/2CV. 5698: 5393: 5369: 4735: 1781:

Citroën Argentina Sociedad Anónima produced 223,442 cars (all A-Series), in Argentina, from 1959 until 1979.

623: 5638:(Thesis). Australia: University of New South Wales. Figure 2 Schematic of the early Citroen 2CV suspension. 4482: 7106: 6881: 6239: 2843: 2564:

The suspension of the 2CV was very soft; a person could easily rock the car side to side dramatically. The

8275: 6229:

Citroën-Neuilly Headquarters mail ref.91MA-JCV/SR, dated 14 November 1991 & Planete 2cv n° 67 & 69

5280: 5206: 4411: 3716: 3295:. This used the original boot lid and hinges, but in a horizontal position with the extension underneath. 2842:

As well as the close tolerances between parts, the engine's lack of gaskets was made possible by a unique

6192: 2542: 1844:

with a local firm allowed Citroën to access the market. In Yugoslavia, 2CV was famous under the nickname

1332: 786: 629:

By 1939 the TPV was deemed ready, after 47 technically different and incrementally improved experimental

7696: 7668: 7632: 7611: 6922: 6534: 1263:

years before and it could share major parts with more popular or profitable models such as the Visa and

527:

described "the extraordinary ingenuity of this design, which is undoubtedly the most original since the

8330: 6117: 5058: 1172:

rally was the most famous. The Citroën "2CV Cross" circuit/off-road races were very popular in Europe.

746: 5774: 3376:

sports car. Some have been fitted with larger air-cooled twin-cylinder motorcycle engines. The German

3327: 1164:

section was unmapped and had previously been barred to cars), to the Mediterranean capital of Tunisia.

605: 8213: 4879: 4855: 3432:"Citroën automotive business news, Citroën company profile, Citroën analysis, comment and interviews" 1894: 1813: 1301: 1280: 8058: 8034: 7216: 5662:"Hydraulic integrated interconnected regenerative suspension: Modeling and mode-decoupling analysis" 4834: 3916:. Automotive Research Library of the Horseless Carriage Foundation, Inc. Spring 2015. Archived from 3288: 2635: 1960:. Additionally, the 2CV was built in a wide variety of joint ventures, often with modified designs. 1066:

levels. This was replaced by an updated 435 cc (26.5 cu in) engine in February 1970.

800: 595: 487: 8285: 8125: 8100: 6743: 6277: 6258: 3457: 1546: 1233: 713:

listed him as an "enemy of the Reich", under constant threat of arrest and deportation to Germany.

7347: 7266: 6824: 903:

was killed in a car crash on the main road from Clermont-Ferrand (the home of Michelin) to Paris.

721: 6274:"Citroën Publicity GB 2CV Tortoise and From Here To Eternity newspaper ads (Via Wayback Machine)" 1621: 1406:

achieved. Other changes were a new rear-view mirror and inboard disc brakes at the front wheels.

765:

aid, US production equipment and supplies of steel, to newly nationalised Renault to produce its

8245: 7577: 7572: 3630: 3230: 8300: 7400: 7385: 7292: 6434: 4524: 1024: 900: 591: 449: 98: 7642: 7516: 7498: 7493: 7448: 7091: 7071: 6927: 6902: 6371: 6143: 5322: 3158: 2831:, seen as another potential weak point for failure and leaks, was also kept to a minimum. The 1585:

was supportive of Citroën up to a point, and with a suspension designed to use Michelin's new

1563: 8295: 7707: 7146: 6886: 6456: 4365: 2959:

which sold because it was different from anything else on sale. Because of its down-to-earth

1944:

The Citroën factory offered several high volume variant models on the 2CV running gear – the

884: 7488: 7473: 7395: 7367: 7241: 7086: 7081: 7061: 7046: 6953: 6392: 5635:

An Investigation into the Dynamics of Vehicles With Hydraulically Interconnected Suspensions

4801: 3917: 1300:

instead of conventional brake fluid—the same as was found in the larger Citroën models with

1161: 1016:

Director of publicity Claude Puech came up with humorous and inventive marketing campaigns.

6580:

Citroën et le citroënisme : essai historique sur la passion automobile et l'innovation

6513: 3373: 3002: 1735: 709:

Boulanger personally refused to collaborate with German authorities to the point where the

7598: 7567: 7435: 7420: 7415: 7372: 7041: 6917: 5985: 3209:, these vehicles were often to be found at the post office and small businesses, while in 8: 8290: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 7935: 7186: 7151: 6413: 6329: 4363:

Westrup, Klaus (14 June 1996). Bernd Ostmann (ed.). "Not und Spiele: Die 50er Jahre...".

4144: 3269: 3178: 3166: 3133: 3085: 2534: 2355: 2077: 1957: 1866:

in 1963, a locally assembled 2CV was sold in some west African countries as the Citroën "

1773:

is documented for Nordex in 1995. In Uruguay, Citroën cars were manufactured until 2002.

1463: 1048: 840: 614: 515: 311: 258: 149: 17: 8107: 7686: 7287: 7236: 7231: 6948: 6817: 4542: 4044:

Chassis Handbook: Fundamentals, Driving Dynamics, Components, Mechatronics, Perspectives

3392:

The small French company UMAP was established in 1956 in the northern French village of

3221: 2064: 1953: 1335:

ahead of the legal deadline of July 1992. This forced the 2CV's withdrawal from sale in

1264: 1079: 511: 384: 250: 7066: 4460: 4314: 3292: 3048:

Some English nicknames include "Flying Dustbin", "Tin Snail", "Dolly", and "Tortoise".

2963:

style, it became popular with people who wanted to distance themselves from mainstream

2955:). Its comically antiquated appearance became an advantage to the car, and it became a 2780: 1923: 1918:. The cars were originally manufactured in Iran in a joint venture between Citroën and 1731: 1219: 1185: 920: 870: 734: 533: 523: 518:. In total, Citroën manufactured over 9 million of the 2CVs and its derivative models. 468: 191: 173: 7562: 7511: 7503: 7468: 7377: 7352: 7226: 7196: 4959: 3088:

was also built as a 4×4 from May 1979, but with only one engine and a reduction gear.

1114:

The highest annual production was in 1974. Sales of the 2CV were reinvigorated by the

415: 7483: 7116: 6711: 6704: 6688: 6669: 6650: 6627: 6608: 6587: 6564: 6350: 6016: 5728: 5661: 5633: 5524: 5135: 4048: 3691: 2994: 2986: 2927:

according to a 1984 Citroën brochure, in common with other small cars of its era its

2824: 2791: 2631: 2615: 2507: 1632: 1594: 729: 717: 545: 538: 461: 457: 442: 434: 283: 228: 219: 144: 7627: 7582: 7557: 7552: 7531: 7458: 7357: 7251: 7221: 7166: 2877: 637:

parts and had water-cooled flat twin engines with front-wheel drive. The seats were

8029: 7410: 5673: 5639: 5341: 4900: 3593: 3409: 3073: 3045:

series organized by The Classic 2CV Racing Club continues to be popular in the UK.

3042: 2943:

Citroën had attempted to replace the ultra-utilitarian 2CV several times (with the

2767: 2651: 2530: 1686:. In the 1980s, the best foreign markets for the 2CV were the UK and West Germany. 1647:

In 1959 Slough introduced a unique model, the glass-fibre coupé version called the

1639: 1470: 1379: 1320: 1181: 968: 750: 674: 647: 558: 232: 153: 78: 8130: 7976: 7913: 7606: 7526: 7521: 7463: 7453: 7443: 7312: 7261: 7141: 7076: 7026: 6960: 6737: 3217: 3105: 2944: 2491: 2051: 2038: 1949: 1915: 1648: 1480: 1033: 999: 507: 375: 262: 246: 212: 7390: 5660:

Zou, Junyi; Guo, Sijing; Guo, Xuexun; Xu, Lin; Wu, Yongjia; Pan, Yu (June 2022).

5441: 5184: 5110:[Citroën 2CV, the legendary Spaček: the ugly duckling that wins hearts]. 3435: 2928: 2784: 2759: 2568:, fore-aft linked suspension system with inboard front brakes had a much smaller 2517:

mounted inside the front suspension cross-tube, away from a frontal impact; rear

2511: 1676: 1651:. Styling of this car was by Peter Kirwan-Taylor (better known for his work with 1247: 1115: 758: 557:, riding on exactly the same 2,400 mm (94.5 in) wheelbase, and using a 430: 410: 83: 7997: 7246: 7201: 6932: 5677: 5258: 4775: 3853: 3096: 2948: 2897: 1259: 1006:

in front from 1948 to 1964, replaced with front hinged doors from 1965 to 1990.

6731: 4568: 3361: 3145: 2936: 2908: 2763: 2748: 2682:

in heavy use – especially during long descents in hot summer conditions in the

1617: 1578: 1399: 1395: 1258:

available from European and Japanese manufacturers. Citroën itself now had the

1063: 1017: 861:

petrol filler cap. The 2CV was the first car designed around and released with

742: 185: 127: 8149: 8142: 8135: 8118: 7992: 7960: 7953: 7478: 7327: 7322: 7297: 7181: 7176: 7161: 7011: 6792: 6487: 5749: 5643: 3137: 2609:

increases by around 4 cm (2 in) as the suspension deflects, and the

2410: 2025: 1945: 1871: 1723: 1107: 1010: 503: 254: 242: 8305: 8239: 8175: 8053: 7944: 6646: 6050: 5799: 5418:[Citroën 2CV: The historic Citroneta turns 70 years old. 1948-2018]. 3170: 2975: 2860: 2832: 2590: 2569: 2518: 1841: 1808: 1707: 1652: 1382:

near Paris and Portuguese 2CV manufacturing was to higher-quality standards.

1003: 958: 762: 8089: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8046: 8039: 8020: 8015: 7965: 7405: 7271: 7256: 7206: 7171: 7121: 7101: 7096: 7056: 7051: 7036: 7031: 7016: 7006: 6912: 6876: 2952: 2901: 1770: 1766: 1590: 1308: 1289: 814: 379: 8080: 7317: 7191: 4937: 3377: 3369: 3365: 3333: 3141: 3026: 2956: 2924: 2775: 2756: 2610: 2599: 2538: 2397: 2384: 2371: 2358: 2338: 2307: 2212: 1867: 1364: 1312: 528: 438: 207: 103: 2700: 1631:

ordered 65 2CV pick-ups from the Slough plant, following sea tests aboard

1093: 1057:

From 1965, the car was offered in some countries, at extra cost, with the

741:

usually featured three-speed transmissions, as did Citroën's own mid-size

8006: 7981: 7899: 7302: 7021: 6965: 6584:

Citroën and Citroenism: Essay on the History of Automobile and Innovation

6351:"FAF Facile à Fabriquer, Facile à Financer (Easy to build, easy to fund)" 3265: 3206: 3113: 3077: 2964: 2960: 2855: 2812: 2771: 2740: 2675: 2577: 2573: 2503: 1919: 1863: 1672: 1660: 1586: 1360: 1356: 1275: 1255: 1127: 862: 766: 738: 658: 554: 550: 480: 422: 357: 178: 6794:

French People's Car Fight! (1988 2CV6 Dolly & 1985 R4 GTL Road Test)

4439:"Is Citroen's 2CV 4×4 Sahara the most innovative off-roader ever built?" 2322:

Société anonyme iranienne de production des automobiles Citroën (SAIPAC)

7926: 6850: 5416:"Citroën 2CV: La histórica Citroneta cumple 70 años de vida. 1948-2018" 5083:(in French). FCIA – French Cars In America. 15 May 2016. Archived from 4261: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4253: 3064: 2881: 2847: 2820: 2811:

The engine's design concentrated on the reduction of moving parts. The

2799: 2716: 2679: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2496: 2487: 2279: 2262: 2245: 2228: 1886: 1656: 1628: 1449: 1331:

In 1989, a number of European nations voluntarily introduced the first

1271: 1169: 1134: 1051: 688: 108: 44: 7738: 6840: 3174: 3162: 2490:(by then already fitted for several years in the mechanically similar 1930:

without the involvement of Citroën. SAIPA built 120,000 Jyane models.

1769:, which had been exported to Brazil since 1992. The production of the 1497: 1296:

In 1982, all 2CV models got inboard front disc brakes which also used

426: 60: 8217: 5950: 4641:(in French) (14 & 15). Paris: Homme N°1: 103–104. M 1117-014/015. 3315: 3303: 3124: 2990: 2932: 2836: 2744: 2606: 2585: 2167: 2152: 2137: 2122: 2107: 2092: 1926:, when Iran National was nationalised, which continued producing the 1786: 1703: 1668: 1504: 1371: 1325: 1251: 1044: 1040: 832: 634: 630: 323: 196: 118: 4250: 3034: 2720:

Movement of flat-twin engine pistons, connecting rods and crankshaft

2444: 1529: 792:

First generation "ripple bonnet" Citroën 2CV built from 1949 to 1960

8186: 7307: 7211: 7156: 7111: 4003:

World in Motion 1939, The whole of the year's automobile production

2998: 2795: 2565: 2514: 1837: 1582: 1319:

In 1988, production ended in France after 40 years. The factory at

770: 654: 576: 476: 5775:"Front to rear interconnected suspension - Abandoned technologies" 5468:"Cimos Dak et Geri: le van yougoslave dont Citroën ne voulut pas!" 2876:

If the starter motor or battery failed, the 2CV had the option of

1370:

The last 2CV, a specially-prepared Charleston model, was built at

1028:

The Dyane's styling is more angular compared to a 2CV (behind it).

626:

was killed in a car crash; Boulanger became president of Citroën.

88: 5273: 5112: 4310:"Autos on Friday/Collecting; 50 Years of the 2CV's Joie de Vivre" 3342: 3210: 2294: 2182: 2095:

Sociedad Anónima 2CV, 3CV, AZU Fourgon, AK Fourgon, Ami 8, Méhari

1879: 1699: 1601: 1340: 1336: 1149: 1126:: 1,300 young people, 500 2CVs, 16,500 km (10,300 miles) to 844: 710: 638: 472: 5544: 3553:"WHAT IS CORRUGATED STEEL AND WHY DOES IT WORK WELL FOR SIDING?" 2458: 6477:. edition garage 2CV, Lüdenscheid 2011, ISBN 978-3-9809082-4-5. 3393: 3202: 3161:

was a range of experimental non-production vehicles created by

3119: 3109: 2865: 2828: 2816: 2724: 2708: 1613: 1352: 1285: 1246:

By 1980, the boost to 2CV sales across Europe delivered by the

1157: 1058: 836: 633:

had been built and tested. These prototypes used aluminium and

286: 274: 93: 7737: 6773:"Citroën 2CV vs Renault 4L – 'La Guerre des Petites Voitures'" 6750: 5491:"Curbside Classic: 1974 Citroën Méhari – Plastic Frenchtastic" 5346:. Anuarios de la Asociación de Fábricas de Automóviles (ADEFA) 4689:

Toutes les Voitures Françaises 1982 (Aucon Salon à Paris 1981)

4024:

Toutes les Voitures Françaises 1940–46 (Les Années Sans Salon)

1250:

had begun to wear off and there was a whole new generation of

1239:

Citroën 2CV Charleston photographed in front of Bad Wörishofen

8209: 8197: 6755: 5521:

2CV Citroën - Ses dérivés, Baby Brousse, Dalat, FAF et autres

5108:"Citroen 2CV, legendarni Spaček: Ružno pače koje osvaja srca" 4706:

Larkin, Nick (July 1997). "Snails of Woe? 2CV Buyers Guide".

3360:

Examples of 2CV-based kit sports cars include the Pembleton,

2968: 2704:

2CV6 engine compartment, post-1981 (with inboard disc brakes)

2321: 2276: 2259: 2242: 2225: 2199: 2196: 1851: 1833: 1829: 1695: 1597:, which was available worldwide, sold 21 million units. 1552: 1535: 1487: 1348: 1344: 1307:

In late 1986, Citroën introduced the Visa's replacement, the

1153: 1123: 653:

One innovation included from the beginning of production was

553:

at the same end as their driven axle, omitting a length-wise

453: 136: 132: 113: 5716: 4338:"The Citröen 2CV: The Classic Car That Put France on Wheels" 7430: 7136: 7131: 7126: 5227:(in French). Boitier Rouge. 30 October 2016. Archived from 3397: 3177:. The overall look of the vehicle was quite similar to the 2982: 2804: 2683: 2341: 2324: 1963:

The 2CV and all its variants are collectively known as the

1907: 1734:

tribe, was made in Chile between 1972 and 1973. During the

1455:

1953 Slough, UK built 2CV sedan – with fold up rear windows

1138: 123: 6809: 6393:"Citroën Saipac 2CV, Jiane Sedan, Jiane Pickup and Mehari" 6265: 4498: 4496: 4494: 4492: 3291:. Some late model owners fitted an extension to the car's 2552:=0.51, high by today's standards but typical for the era. 2478:

2CV driving through a corner (with person standing in car)

1201: 479:

introduced and first commercialised the revolutionary new

6166:"Escargot Flambé 1988; the life and times of a 2CV turbo" 5225:"Citroën-Saipa Jyane: la Dyane à la conquête de la Perse" 4394: 4392: 4390: 4388: 4279: 4277: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4095: 3952: 3950: 3890: 3888: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3736: 3734: 2787:

would be low and the exhaust temperatures would be high.

2737: 2598:

angles of body roll. A larger than conventional steering

1683: 1515: 1385:

As of October 2016, 3,025 remained in service in the UK.

839:

roof could be rolled completely open. The Type A had one

622:

required by French law at the time. On 29 December 1937,

495: 452:

to help motorise the large number of farmers still using

388: 202: 3617:"Architect as Auto Designer: Le Corbusier's Minimum Car" 3572: 3570: 2747:, four-stroke, 375 cc engine with pushrod operated 974:

1966 2CV AZAM 6 sedan – conventional opening front doors

888:

magazine that, despite its "ugliness and primitiveness"

806:

Early 2CV sedan has canvas trunk, as well as canvas roof

6284: 5929: 5917: 5905: 5893: 5655: 5653: 5034:"Making the Most of Minimalism - 1948-1990 Citroen 2CV" 4815: 4489: 4412:"Citroën 2CV and derivatives annual production figures" 4373: 4080: 3781: 3753: 3751: 3749: 6211: 6184: 5792: 4385: 4274: 4238: 4200: 4183: 4171: 4159: 4092: 4068: 3962: 3947: 3935: 3885: 3868: 3818: 3731: 3059: 544:

Both the design and the history of the 2CV mirror the

6604:

Illustrated Encyclopedia of Extraordinary Automobiles

6094: 5725:

Car Suspension: - Over 120 Years of Ride and Handling

4714: 4356: 4289: 4017: 4015: 4013: 4011: 3567: 3533: 2880:, the jack handle serving as starting handle through 537:

called it a "car like no other". The motoring writer

5958: 5948:"The 2 c.v. 375c.c. Citroen—Unorthodox Suspension". 5767: 5650: 5209:[To Niger, in the footsteps of Jean Rouch]. 3830: 3746: 3476: 1850:, and still remains better known under that name in 1845: 6293:"Everything you need to know about the Citroen 2CV" 5691: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4924: 4220:"Everything you need to know about the Citroen 2CV" 3803:"The spirit of motoring past, present & future" 2981:The 2CV was outlived by contemporaries such as the 2580:designs. The design was modified by Marcel Chinon. 6703: 5875:"Images for article 'Five Ideas Worth Revisiting'" 5518: 4734: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4674: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4301: 4008: 3997: 3995: 3801: 3771:"In Pictures: Citroën 2CV was a car like no other" 3497:"The 2CV – A French icon: La toute petite voiture" 1156:, the Atlantic capital of Ivory Coast through the 1106:In 1970, the car gained rear light units from the 471:bodywork featured a full-width, canvas, roll-back 6559:Bellu, René (1979). Delville, Jean-Pierre (ed.). 6250: 6240:"Chrysler's CCV was a pioneer of the plastic age" 5514: 5512: 5510: 5508: 4974: 1910:with the 2CV. The 2CV was soon supplanted by the 1569:SAIPA Iranian Citroën Dyane 'Jyane 602' nameplate 8237: 5336: 5334: 5332: 4921: 4041:Heißing, Bernd; Ersoy, Metin (9 November 2010). 2625: 1872:Citroën Facile à Fabriquer (easy to manufacture) 1388: 460:, simplicity of maintenance, an easily serviced 429:from 1948 to 1990. Introduced at the 1948 Paris 4671: 4623:(in French) (14 & 15), Paris: Homme N°1: 99 4426: 4005:. Belvedere Publishing, 2015. ASIN: B00ZLN91ZG. 3992: 3426: 3424: 2974:Although not a replacement for the 2CV, the AX 2674:– which is not compatible with standard glycol 5727:. Amazon Digital Services LLC - KDP Print US. 5505: 5465: 5243: 5053: 5051: 1892:A home-made 2CV features in the Nigerien film 957:1961 2CV sedan with canvas roof rolled back – 720:, manufactured during the war as the military 7723: 6825: 5519:Christian, Marie; Christian, Étienne (2014). 5329: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5302: 4874: 4872: 4835:"The 2CV Pick-ups supplied to the Royal Navy" 3152: 3056:Several lower volume variants were produced. 2896:The last evolution of the 2CV engine was the 2736:and Lucien Gerard, with a nod to the classic 1832:began producing the 2CV under licence at the 1188:and particularly low urban fuel consumption. 1099:1976 'Spot' sedan with rectangular headlights 27:Small car manufactured by Citroën (1948–1990) 6685:Drive On!: A Social History of the Motor Car 6668:. McFarland & Company, Inc, Publishers. 6561:Toutes les Citroën, des origines à nos jours 5159:"La Dalat: Mẫu xe "nội" đầu tiên ở Việt Nam" 4776:"How many 2CVs still exist on British roads" 4040: 3711: 3709: 3421: 3120:Complete knock down (CKD) locally built cars 2372:Méhari Guinea Bissau & Senegal & CAR 1431:Charleston (an improved version of the Club) 694:Restored Citroën TPV with a single headlight 5841: 5659: 5559: 5461: 5459: 5444:[Yagan History] (in Spanish). Chile 5161:(in Vietnamese). Giao Thong. Archived from 5048: 3763: 2666:on all four wheels. In October 1981, front 2529:The body was constructed of a dual H-frame 1878:, was the first automobile manufactured in 1148:, 60 2CVs 8,000 km (5,000 miles) from 1137:: 500 2CVs 13,500 km (8,400 miles) to 707:German occupation of France in World War II 7730: 7716: 6832: 6818: 5299: 4869: 4827: 4632: 4630: 4614: 4612: 4111: 3982:"Le parquet de Tours prescrit une enquête" 2790:Unlike other air-cooled cars (such as the 2541:; the body had a drag coefficient of 1425:Dolly (an improved version of the Spécial) 1284:. The car in the film was fitted with the 1270:Also in 1981, a yellow 2CV6 was driven by 467:Often called "an umbrella on wheels", the 43: 6751:"2CV-4L - La guerre des petites voitures" 6577: 6190: 3706: 3608: 3494: 3165:from 1955 to 1956 under the direction of 2819:were built integrally with the one-piece 2743:motorcycle engine. It was an air-cooled, 2658:The 2CV design predates the invention of 1469:1959 Slough, UK built 2CV pick-up – with 1367:(7866), France (5231) and the UK (3200). 483:design with the introduction of the 2CV. 6682: 6663: 6640: 6475:Citroën 2CV – Der Döschwo in der Schweiz 6114:"Cats Citroën Net A-type 652 Conversion" 6100: 5935: 5923: 5911: 5899: 5666:Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 5456: 5207:"Au Niger, sur les traces de Jean Rouch" 5031: 4821: 4695:. Paris: Histoire & collections: 10. 4502: 4398: 4379: 4335: 4307: 4244: 4206: 4194: 4177: 4165: 4105: 4086: 4074: 4030:. Paris: Histoire & collections: 24. 3968: 3956: 3941: 3894: 3879: 3824: 3799: 3793: 3787: 3740: 3576: 3539: 3520: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3488: 3355: 3123: 3095: 3063: 3012: 2904:or GSA flat-four engines and gearboxes. 2723: 2715: 2707: 2699: 1555:Iranian Citroën Dyane called 'Jyane 602' 1486:1961 13hp "Citroneta" pickup truck from 1408: 1023: 604: 6701: 6600: 5964: 5818: 5485: 5483: 5481: 5466:Clément-Collin, Paul (20 August 2015). 5386: 5217: 5185:"Madagascar's love affair with the 2CV" 4627: 4609: 4362: 4283: 3911:"The "Great Mistake" – The Citroen 2CV" 3905: 3903: 3847: 3845: 3582: 3482: 3268:from BBC Top Gear tested one against a 3008: 2106:Industrios Eduardo Sal-Lari S.A. (IES) 14: 8238: 7771: 7768: 7765: 7762: 6748: 6621: 6259:"British 2CV 'Tortoise' advertisement" 6217: 5363: 5361: 4720: 4705: 4336:Sapienza, James Derek (16 July 2015). 4308:Elsworth, Peter C. T. (12 June 1998). 4295: 3757: 3614: 3072:One novel model was the 2CV Sahara, a 2506:, which had just been commercialised; 7757: 7711: 6813: 6586:] (in French). Paris: Au Pont 9. 6558: 5824: 5747: 5722: 5631: 5367: 5105: 4686: 4021: 3851: 3836: 3814:from the original on 12 January 2022. 3681: 3507: 2839:and other surface-to-surface joints. 2630:Citroën had developed expertise with 1933: 892:, the 2CV was a "highly interesting" 409: 7692: 6749:Czajko, Thierry (12 December 2015). 6290: 6191:Willimott, Trevor (23 August 2013). 6006: 5800:"A Brief History of the Citroën 2CV" 5478: 5150: 5136:"Father of 'Black Power' Remembered" 5081:"Citroen Geri – The Unknown Citroen" 5073: 4747:from the original on 12 January 2022 4732: 4508: 3900: 3842: 3108:was built at the Citroën factory in 2917: 494:Notably these include the 2CV-based 448:Conceived by Citroën Vice-President 6414:"Dalat the Vietnamese Baby Brousse" 5547:(in Persian). Iran. 12 October 2011 5523:(in French). L'Autodrome Éditions. 5422:(in Spanish). Chile. 7 October 2018 5371:Herding a Dromedary's Lost Siblings 5358: 5281:"Production numbers from Citroënët" 4856:"Fabricados en Chile—2CV Citroneta" 4687:Bellu, René (2006). "Automobilia". 4022:Bellu, René (2003). "Automobilia". 3852:Kirby, Emma Jane (16 August 2008). 3555:. Whirlwind Steel. 7 September 2015 3248:Citroën „Kasten-Ente“ AK 400 (1978) 2971:"—and also with environmentalists. 111:, Uruguay (Panel van & pick-up) 24: 8326:Cars powered by 2-cylinder engines 6142:. Cats-citroen.net. Archived from 6116:. Cats-citroen.net. Archived from 5343:Anuario ADEFA Cifras de producción 4938:"Historia de Citroën en Argentina" 4653:"Citroen 2CV – For Your Eyes Only" 4541:. Cats-citroen.net. Archived from 4329: 4266:"The Car's the Star—Citroen 2cv". 4034: 3854:"Citroen 2CV: France's iconic car" 3800:Setright, LJK (27 December 2003). 3592:. The LeMay Museum. Archived from 3282: 2779:suitable for an engine running at 2696:Production data of the Citroën 2CV 1940:Production data of the Citroën 2CV 1521:IES 3CV Super América in Argentina 1032:In 1967, Citroën launched the new 414:, lit. "two horses", meaning "two 25: 8342: 6725: 6271: 6256: 5312: 3051: 2670:were fitted. Disc brake cars use 1612:Production at Citroën's plant in 1439: 570: 7691: 7682: 7681: 7648:Abu Dhabi Total World Rally Team 6978: 6527: 6506: 6480: 6467: 6449: 6437:. Citroenet.org.uk. 10 June 2000 6427: 6406: 6385: 6364: 6343: 6322: 6310: 6232: 6223: 6158: 6140:"Cats Citroën Net A-type Tuning" 6132: 6106: 6068: 6036: 6000: 5970: 5941: 5867: 5748:Edgar, Julian (31 August 2021). 5741: 5723:Edgar, Julian (20 August 2021). 5625: 5603: 5581: 5537: 5493:. Curbside Classic. 22 July 2017 4733:John, Honest (31 January 2004). 4514: 4414:. Citroenet.org.uk. 10 June 2000 3495:Lichfield, Jon (18 April 2008). 3341: 3326: 3314: 3302: 3241: 3229: 2471: 2457: 2443: 1802: 1689: 1562: 1545: 1528: 1514: 1496: 1479: 1462: 1448: 1232: 1218: 1200: 1092: 1078: 967: 950: 936: 890:("Häßlichkeit und Primitivität") 813: 799: 785: 687: 680:Water-cooled engine from the TPV 673: 7638:Kronos Citroën World Rally Team 6744:1959 Citroën 2CV owner's manual 5434: 5408: 5199: 5177: 5128: 5099: 5032:LaChance, Dave (January 2012). 5025: 5004: 4952: 4893: 4848: 4794: 4768: 4759: 4726: 4699: 4645: 4583: 4565:"Performance News—29 June 1999" 4557: 4531: 4475: 4463:. Petrolicious. 5 February 2013 4453: 4404: 4340:. TheCheatSheet. Archived from 4212: 4133: 3974: 3717:"French A Series Brochure 1968" 3675: 3649: 3623: 3321:1970s/'80s-style boot extension 3192: 2672:green LHM fluid – a mineral oil 2434: 1765:Another model produced was the 1436:"Sausss-duck" special edition. 1085:1974 Citroën AK 400 Fourgonette 919:, "boot lid"), appeared with a 664: 425:produced by the French company 7653:Citroën World Touring Car Team 6666:The Classic Citroëns 1935–1975 6624:Citroën 2CV Ultimate Portfolio 6193:"Fond memories of a tin snail" 5825:Marsh, Julian (10 June 2000). 5156: 3545: 3450: 3253: 2887: 1807:Only a few 2CVs were sold in 1328:plant in Portugal until 1990. 776: 13: 1: 8321:Cars powered by boxer engines 8166: Manufactured in England 6706:The Ultimate Classic Car Book 5827:"Citroën 2 CV cutaway images" 5396:(in Spanish). 4 February 2014 5059:"1966 Citroen 2CV Charleston" 5036:. Hemmings Sports and Exotics 4880:"Fabricados en Chile 2—Yagán" 4539:"Cats Citroën Net A-type P.O" 4517:"Belgian Citroën 2cv History" 3619:. Wheels, The New York Times. 3415: 3387: 2626:Front-wheel drive and gearbox 2559: 2000:2CV Fourgonette/Truckette/Van 1819: 1538:Yugoslavian built Citroën 2CV 1389:Special edition saloon models 998:Also in 1960, the corrugated 850: 336:3,860 mm (152.0 in) 8174: Only available with a 7741:car timeline, 1950s–1980s — 4736:"Buyers' guide: Citroen 2CV" 4593:. Citroën UK. Archived from 4143:. Citroën UK. Archived from 3615:Patton, Phil (13 May 2011). 3462:Le site référence sur la 2CV 3458:"Usine Citroën de Levallois" 3169:. The idea was to produce a 2844:crankcase ventilation system 2686:and other mountain regions. 1970:Citroën A-Series Production 1776: 1191: 1069: 927: 855: 352:1,600 mm (63.0 in) 344:1,480 mm (58.3 in) 328:2,400 mm (94.5 in) 7: 6839: 6683:Setright, L. J. K. (2004). 6488:"Special projects: Cogolin" 6435:"Citroën Cocinelle C1 – C8" 6291:Ford, Tom (17 March 2018). 6013:Citroën: The Complete Story 5678:10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.108998 5632:Smith, Wade (1 June 2009). 5251:"French Woodies—After 1949" 4940:. Citroën Club Buenos Aires 4708:Practical Classics Magazine 4591:"Adventures | History" 4567:. AutoSpeed. Archived from 4483:"Citroën 2CV 1963 and 1964" 4141:"Innovation | History" 3657:"Cross-Ply vs Radial Tyres" 3631:"Cross-ply vs Radial Tyres" 3403: 3380:is a two door convertible. 2732:The engine was designed by 2712:2CV ignition system diagram 1846: 1428:Club (discontinued in 1987) 1333:European emission standards 990: 943:1961 Citroën 2CV 4X4 Sahara 820:Early AZU fourgonnette rear 521:A 1953 technical review in 362:600 kg (1,323 lb) 10: 8347: 8281:Front-wheel-drive vehicles 8185: Engine developed by 8158: 8148: 8141: 8129: 8115: 8106: 8104: 8095: 8086: 8084: 8067: 8062: 8038: 8014: 8012: 8010: 7996: 7991: 7987: 7975: 7971: 7959: 7948: 7934: 7930: 7921: 7919: 7903: 6552: 6319:, February 1963, Page 102. 6044:"A Series Ignition System" 5368:Bruno (22 November 2019). 5106:D. B. (22 November 2020). 4960:"Coche Argentino- Citroën" 3153:Citroën Coccinelle project 2798:) the 2CV's engine had no 2693: 2689: 1937: 1751:the rest remained inland. 1741: 1607: 1413:Citroën 2CV6 Club – (2013) 613:Boulanger placed engineer 565: 8316:Cars discontinued in 1990 8155: 8146: 8134: 8124: 8117: 8111: 8099: 8093: 8088: 8072: 8057: 8045: 8043: 8033: 8024: 8019: 8001: 7989: 7980: 7973: 7964: 7957: 7952: 7950: 7943: 7939: 7932: 7917: 7912: 7910: 7898: 7752: 7677: 7661: 7620: 7591: 7540: 7340: 7280: 6994: 6987: 6976: 6941: 6895: 6864: 6857: 6847: 6702:Willson, Quentin (1995). 5851:. Citroën. Archived from 5644:10.13140/RG.2.1.1702.5048 5394:"Mehari el Jeep Uruguayo" 5012:"Fabricados en Argentina" 4636: 4618: 3637:. England. 22 August 2019 3128:CKD Citroën Yagán (Chile) 3060:"Sahara" four-wheel drive 3019:Algerian protests in 2019 3017:Flag-painted 2 CV during 2662:, so 1948–1981 cars have 1906:In 1966, Citroën entered 1895:Cocorico! Monsieur Poulet 1874:. One of these, the 1969 1857: 1600:Production of the 2CV in 1302:hydropneumatic suspension 757:motor industry executive 469:fixed-profile convertible 371: 366: 356: 348: 340: 332: 322: 317: 304: 273: 268: 238: 218: 184: 172: 167: 143: 101:, Argentina (1960–1962), 74: 66: 56: 51: 42: 37: 8206: 8194: 8183: 8172: 8164: 7893: 7890: 7887: 7884: 7881: 7878: 7875: 7872: 7869: 7866: 7863: 7860: 7857: 7854: 7851: 7848: 7845: 7842: 7839: 7836: 7833: 7830: 7827: 7824: 7821: 7818: 7815: 7812: 7809: 7806: 7803: 7800: 7797: 7794: 7791: 7788: 7785: 7782: 7779: 7776: 7633:Citroën World Rally Team 7612:Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën 6578:Broustail, Joël (2020). 5750:"Citroen 2CV suspension" 3684:"Evolution of Car Tires" 3671:– via PressReader. 3309:1952 Citroën Cogolin 4x4 3179:Messerschmitt bubble car 3091: 2823:, removing the need for 2645: 2327:2CV, Jian, Jian pick-up 1836:plant, in what is today 1713: 121:, Portugal (1988–1990), 8311:Cars introduced in 1948 6664:Reynolds, John (2006). 6641:Reynolds, John (2005). 6601:Chapman, Giles (2009). 5849:"2CV suspension design" 4780:List of DVLA statistics 4441:. Hemmings. 2 June 2016 4047:. Springer. p. 7. 3272:off-road. The 2CV won. 3033:The company Sorevie of 2524: 2026:Ami 6, Ami 8, Ami Super 1914:a local version of the 1901: 1604:was from 1952 to 1980. 745:– but the 1936 Italian 443:drives the front wheels 106:, Argentina (1962–1980) 8208: Manufactured by 8196: Manufactured by 8040:ID / DSpécial / DSuper 6710:. DK Publishing, Inc. 6622:Clarke, R. M. (2000). 6076:"2CV engine animation" 6015:. Wiltshire: Crowood. 6009:"DS Details of design" 5978:"Brake fluid warning!" 5863:– via Autospeed. 5621:– via Citroenet. 5599:– via Citroenet. 5577:– via Citroenet. 5187:. BBC. 28 October 2017 4982:"Argentinian Citroëns" 4129:– via Citroenet. 3727:– via Citroenet. 3258: 3129: 3101: 3069: 3068:Sahara rear engine bay 3022: 2729: 2721: 2713: 2705: 2634:due to the pioneering 2502:The 1948 car featured 2398:Indonesia Baby Brousse 2385:Citroën Dalat Việt Nam 2344:Méhari with metal body 1414: 1398:. "Le Coq Gaulois" or 1029: 901:Pierre-Jules Boulanger 610: 592:Pierre-Jules Boulanger 575:In 1934, family-owned 402: 8220:) in Italy and France 6199:. The British Library 5545:"ژیان | ShahreFarang" 3529:. 1986. UK Channel 4. 3356:Kit cars and specials 3336:223 3-wheeler kit car 3236:Citroën 2CV AU (1952) 3127: 3099: 3067: 3016: 2727: 2719: 2711: 2703: 2181:Nordex Méhari Ranger 1694:The 2CV was built in 1627:In 1959, the British 1412: 1027: 894:("hochinteressantes") 885:Auto, Motor und Sport 609:Three unrestored TPVs 608: 431:Salon de l'Automobile 6805:– via youtube. 6626:. Brooklands Books. 6492:Dave Burnham Citroën 6330:"Namco Pony Citroën" 6246:. BBC. 11 June 2021. 6007:Cole, Lance (2014). 5984:. UK. Archived from 5954:. 27 September 1950. 5325:on 22 December 2019. 5213:. 12 September 2016. 4962:. CocheArgentino.com 4802:"Citroën in Belgium" 4521:cats-citroen website 4461:"Dana's Citroën 2CV" 4344:on 19 September 2016 3923:on 18 September 2016 3694:on 24 September 2020 3690:. US. Archived from 3009:Continued popularity 3003:Hindustan Ambassador 1852:its successor states 1736:Chilean coup of 1973 1581:. The management of 1207:2CV 007 (as used in 439:mounted in the front 297:602 cc air-cooled H2 294:435 cc air-cooled H2 291:425 cc air-cooled H2 7643:Citroën Junior Team 7592:Regional operations 7341:Concepts/prototypes 6961:Jumpy / SpaceTourer 6740:– autohistories.org 6120:on 26 December 2010 5374:. driventowrite.com 4782:. Howmanyleft.co.uk 4545:on 26 December 2010 4366:Auto Motor u. Sport 3438:on 25 November 2009 3270:Land Rover Defender 3159:Citroën Prototype C 3136:and African market 3001:(1972 – 2000) and 1971: 747:Fiat 500 "Topolino" 6537:. Citroenet.org.uk 6535:"Retromobile 2010" 6457:"2CV Fourgonnette" 6082:on 19 January 2019 5855:on 4 November 2016 5829:. Citroenet.org.uk 5806:. 26 November 2019 5699:"Citroën 2CV 1949" 5589:"2CV frame design" 5261:on 10 January 2008 5087:on 10 October 2017 4992:on 6 February 2007 4765:2CV Magazine n° 76 4527:on 7 January 2017. 4369:. 13, 1996: 58–65. 4315:The New York Times 4268:The Car's the Star 3988:. 18 October 1960. 3775:The Globe and Mail 3661:Practical Classics 3590:"1953 Citroen 2CV" 3368:from Britain, and 3224:, took its place. 3130: 3102: 3070: 3043:2CV circuit racing 3023: 2781:Wide open throttle 2730: 2722: 2714: 2706: 2616:tuned mass dampers 2140:3 CV Súper América 1969: 1934:Production numbers 1824:Also in 1959, the 1814:US freeway network 1732:Indigenous peoples 1726:models, named the 1415: 1281:For Your Eyes Only 1248:1973 Energy Crisis 1225:1980s 2CV6 Spécial 1209:For Your Eyes Only 1186:centrifugal clutch 1030: 735:Renault Juvaquatre 611: 534:The Globe and Mail 411:[døʃ(ə)vo] 8331:Cars of Argentina 8233: 8232: 8228: 8227: 7745: 7705: 7704: 7599:Citroën Argentina 7336: 7335: 7012:Ami 6 / 8 / Super 6974: 6973: 6734:– Citroën Origins 6717:978-0-7894-0159-5 6694:978-1-86207-698-3 6675:978-0-7864-2171-8 6656:978-1-84425-207-7 6633:978-1-85520-426-3 6614:978-0-7566-9576-7 6607:. DK Publishing. 6570:978-2-85922-014-3 6280:on 29 April 2013. 5734:979-8-5329-4523-4 5567:"2CV door design" 5530:978-2-910434-39-7 5138:. Interchange.org 5061:. Conceptcarz.com 4986:www.citroen.mb.ca 4659:. 20 October 2008 4657:Car Magazine (UK) 4119:"2CV seat design" 3682:Jefferson, Alex. 3527:Channel 4—Equinox 3525:"The Tin Snail". 3132:The Greek market 3041:The long-running 2995:Volkswagen Type 2 2987:Volkswagen Beetle 2918:End of production 2907:In the mid-1980s 2792:Volkswagen Beetle 2768:exhaust manifolds 2755:The 2CV used the 2652:windscreen wipers 2632:front-wheel drive 2550: 2508:front-wheel drive 2432: 2431: 2248:2CV6, Diana, Ami8 2116:more than 10,000 1595:Volkswagen Beetle 1579:puissance fiscale 730:French Resistance 718:Volkswagen Beetle 650:in October 1939. 546:Volkswagen Beetle 539:L. J. K. Setright 462:air-cooled engine 458:cost of ownership 435:air-cooled engine 395: 394: 229:front-wheel drive 16:(Redirected from 8338: 8276:Citroën vehicles 8221: 8207: 8201: 8195: 8189: 8184: 8178: 8173: 8167: 8165: 8030:Large family car 8007:Small family car 7755: 7754: 7743: 7732: 7725: 7718: 7709: 7708: 7695: 7694: 7685: 7684: 7669:List of vehicles 7603: 6992: 6991: 6982: 6981: 6862: 6861: 6834: 6827: 6820: 6811: 6810: 6806: 6804: 6802: 6797:. Classics World 6788: 6786: 6784: 6768: 6766: 6764: 6721: 6709: 6698: 6679: 6660: 6637: 6618: 6597: 6574: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6542: 6531: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6510: 6504: 6503: 6501: 6499: 6484: 6478: 6471: 6465: 6464: 6453: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6442: 6431: 6425: 6424: 6422: 6420: 6410: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6399: 6389: 6383: 6382: 6380: 6378: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6326: 6320: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6276:. 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UK. 1 May 2020 3653: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3586: 3580: 3574: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3549: 3543: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3522: 3505: 3504: 3492: 3486: 3480: 3474: 3473: 3471: 3469: 3454: 3448: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3434:. Archived from 3428: 3410:2CV 24 Hour Race 3345: 3330: 3318: 3306: 3245: 3233: 3074:four-wheel drive 2546: 2531:platform chassis 2475: 2461: 2447: 2293:Fiberfab Sherpa 2065:Citroën Acadiane 1972: 1968: 1849: 1566: 1549: 1532: 1518: 1500: 1483: 1471:recoilless rifle 1466: 1452: 1321:Levallois-Perret 1236: 1222: 1204: 1182:Paris Motor Show 1096: 1082: 971: 954: 940: 908:2CV Fourgonnette 817: 803: 789: 751:Flaminio Bertoni 691: 677: 648:Paris Motor Show 559:platform chassis 450:Pierre Boulanger 413: 408: 385:Citroën Acadiane 358:Curb weight 251:Citroën Acadiane 233:four-wheel drive 168:Body and chassis 154:Flaminio Bertoni 79:Levallois-Perret 47: 35: 34: 21: 8346: 8345: 8341: 8340: 8339: 8337: 8336: 8335: 8286:Subcompact cars 8236: 8235: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8205: 8204: 8193: 8192: 8182: 8181: 8171: 8170: 8163: 8162: 7748: 7736: 7706: 7701: 7673: 7657: 7616: 7601: 7587: 7536: 7332: 7276: 7192:Nemo Multispace 6988:Historic models 6983: 6979: 6970: 6937: 6896:SUVs/crossovers 6891: 6853: 6843: 6838: 6800: 6798: 6791: 6782: 6780: 6771: 6762: 6760: 6738:2CV Advertising 6728: 6718: 6695: 6676: 6657: 6643:The Citroën 2CV 6634: 6615: 6594: 6571: 6555: 6550: 6540: 6538: 6533: 6532: 6528: 6518: 6516: 6512: 6511: 6507: 6497: 6495: 6486: 6485: 6481: 6472: 6468: 6461:Citroën Origins 6455: 6454: 6450: 6440: 6438: 6433: 6432: 6428: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6411: 6407: 6397: 6395: 6391: 6390: 6386: 6376: 6374: 6370: 6369: 6365: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6348: 6344: 6334: 6332: 6328: 6327: 6323: 6315: 6311: 6301: 6299: 6289: 6285: 6272:Marsh, Julian. 6270: 6266: 6257:Marsh, Julian. 6255: 6251: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6228: 6224: 6216: 6212: 6202: 6200: 6189: 6185: 6175: 6173: 6164: 6163: 6159: 6149: 6147: 6138: 6137: 6133: 6123: 6121: 6112: 6111: 6107: 6101:Reynolds (2006) 6099: 6095: 6085: 6083: 6074: 6073: 6069: 6059: 6057: 6053: 6046: 6042: 6041: 6037: 6027: 6025: 6023: 6005: 6001: 5991: 5989: 5988:on 24 July 2015 5976: 5975: 5971: 5963: 5959: 5947: 5946: 5942: 5936:Reynolds (2005) 5934: 5930: 5924:Reynolds (2005) 5922: 5918: 5912:Reynolds (2005) 5910: 5906: 5900:Reynolds (2005) 5898: 5894: 5884: 5882: 5873: 5872: 5868: 5858: 5856: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5832: 5830: 5823: 5819: 5809: 5807: 5798: 5797: 5793: 5783: 5781: 5773: 5772: 5768: 5758: 5756: 5746: 5742: 5735: 5721: 5717: 5707: 5705: 5697: 5696: 5692: 5682: 5680: 5658: 5651: 5630: 5626: 5616: 5614: 5609: 5608: 5604: 5594: 5592: 5587: 5586: 5582: 5572: 5570: 5565: 5564: 5560: 5550: 5548: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5531: 5517: 5506: 5496: 5494: 5489: 5488: 5479: 5464: 5457: 5447: 5445: 5440: 5439: 5435: 5425: 5423: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5399: 5397: 5392: 5391: 5387: 5377: 5375: 5366: 5359: 5349: 5347: 5340: 5339: 5330: 5313:Marsh, Julian. 5311: 5300: 5290: 5288: 5287:. Citroenet.org 5279: 5278: 5274: 5264: 5262: 5249: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5232: 5231:on 12 July 2017 5223: 5222: 5218: 5205: 5204: 5200: 5190: 5188: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5168: 5166: 5165:on 29 July 2017 5155: 5151: 5141: 5139: 5134: 5133: 5129: 5119: 5117: 5104: 5100: 5090: 5088: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5064: 5062: 5057: 5056: 5049: 5039: 5037: 5030: 5026: 5016: 5014: 5010: 5009: 5005: 4995: 4993: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4963: 4958: 4957: 4953: 4943: 4941: 4936: 4935: 4922: 4912: 4910: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4877: 4870: 4860: 4858: 4854: 4853: 4849: 4839: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4822:Reynolds (2005) 4820: 4816: 4806: 4804: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4764: 4760: 4750: 4748: 4731: 4727: 4719: 4715: 4704: 4700: 4685: 4672: 4662: 4660: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4635: 4628: 4617: 4610: 4600: 4598: 4597:on 21 July 2012 4589: 4588: 4584: 4574: 4572: 4571:on 1 April 2012 4563: 4562: 4558: 4548: 4546: 4537: 4536: 4532: 4513: 4509: 4503:Reynolds (2005) 4501: 4490: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4466: 4464: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4444: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4427: 4417: 4415: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4399:Reynolds (2005) 4397: 4386: 4380:Reynolds (2005) 4378: 4374: 4361: 4357: 4347: 4345: 4334: 4330: 4320: 4318: 4306: 4302: 4294: 4290: 4282: 4275: 4265: 4264: 4251: 4245:Reynolds (2006) 4243: 4239: 4229: 4227: 4226:. 17 March 2018 4218: 4217: 4213: 4207:Reynolds (2005) 4205: 4201: 4195:Reynolds (2005) 4193: 4184: 4178:Reynolds (2005) 4176: 4172: 4166:Reynolds (2005) 4164: 4160: 4150: 4148: 4139: 4138: 4134: 4124: 4122: 4117: 4116: 4112: 4106:Reynolds (2005) 4104: 4093: 4087:Reynolds (2005) 4085: 4081: 4075:Reynolds (2005) 4073: 4069: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4039: 4035: 4020: 4009: 4000: 3993: 3980: 3979: 3975: 3969:Reynolds (2005) 3967: 3963: 3957:Reynolds (2005) 3955: 3948: 3942:Reynolds (2005) 3940: 3936: 3926: 3924: 3920: 3913: 3909: 3908: 3901: 3895:Reynolds (2005) 3893: 3886: 3880:Reynolds (2005) 3878: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3850: 3843: 3835: 3831: 3825:Reynolds (2005) 3823: 3819: 3798: 3794: 3788:Setright (2004) 3786: 3782: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3756: 3747: 3741:Reynolds (2005) 3739: 3732: 3722: 3720: 3719:. Citroën. 1968 3715: 3714: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3680: 3676: 3666: 3664: 3655: 3654: 3650: 3640: 3638: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3613: 3609: 3599: 3597: 3596:on 7 April 2014 3588: 3587: 3583: 3577:Reynolds (2005) 3575: 3568: 3558: 3556: 3551: 3550: 3546: 3540:Reynolds (2005) 3538: 3534: 3524: 3523: 3508: 3501:The Independent 3493: 3489: 3481: 3477: 3467: 3465: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3441: 3439: 3430: 3429: 3422: 3418: 3406: 3390: 3362:Blackjack Avion 3358: 3353: 3352: 3351: 3350: 3349: 3346: 3338: 3337: 3331: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3311: 3310: 3307: 3285: 3283:Boot extensions 3261: 3256: 3249: 3246: 3237: 3234: 3195: 3155: 3122: 3094: 3062: 3054: 3011: 3005:(1957 – 2014). 2997:(1949 – 2013), 2993:(1961 – 1992), 2989:(1939 – 2003), 2985:(1959 – 2000), 2929:crashworthiness 2920: 2912:magazine editor 2890: 2785:Manifold vacuum 2760:ignition system 2749:overhead valves 2698: 2692: 2648: 2628: 2562: 2527: 2512:rack and pinion 2483: 2482: 2481: 2480: 2479: 2476: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2462: 2453: 2452: 2451: 2448: 2437: 1942: 1936: 1924:1979 Revolution 1904: 1860: 1822: 1805: 1779: 1744: 1716: 1692: 1677:Volkswagen Polo 1610: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1567: 1558: 1557: 1556: 1550: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1533: 1524: 1523: 1522: 1519: 1510: 1509: 1508: 1501: 1492: 1491: 1490: 1484: 1475: 1474: 1473: 1467: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1442: 1391: 1244: 1243: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1228: 1227: 1226: 1223: 1214: 1213: 1212: 1205: 1194: 1116:1974 oil crisis 1104: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1088: 1087: 1086: 1083: 1072: 979: 978: 977: 976: 975: 972: 963: 962: 961: 955: 946: 945: 944: 941: 930: 858: 853: 825: 824: 823: 822: 821: 818: 809: 808: 807: 804: 795: 794: 793: 790: 779: 759:Paul-Marie Pons 699: 698: 697: 696: 695: 692: 683: 682: 681: 678: 667: 624:Pierre Michelin 586: 582: 573: 568: 406: 383: 378: 300: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 210: 205: 200: 194: 186:Body style 160: 156: 152: 131: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 33: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8344: 8334: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8231: 8230: 8226: 8225: 8223: 8222: 8202: 8190: 8179: 8168: 8159: 8157: 8153: 8152: 8147: 8145: 8139: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8122: 8121: 8116: 8113: 8112: 8110: 8105: 8103: 8097: 8096: 8094: 8092: 8087: 8085: 8083: 8077: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8050: 8049: 8044: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8011: 8009: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7995: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7956: 7951: 7949: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7933: 7931: 7929: 7923: 7922: 7920: 7918: 7916: 7911: 7908: 7907: 7902: 7896: 7895: 7892: 7889: 7886: 7883: 7880: 7877: 7874: 7871: 7868: 7865: 7862: 7859: 7856: 7853: 7850: 7847: 7844: 7841: 7838: 7835: 7832: 7829: 7826: 7823: 7820: 7817: 7814: 7811: 7808: 7805: 7802: 7799: 7796: 7793: 7790: 7787: 7784: 7781: 7778: 7774: 7773: 7770: 7767: 7764: 7761: 7753: 7750: 7749: 7735: 7734: 7727: 7720: 7712: 7703: 7702: 7700: 7699: 7689: 7678: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7671: 7665: 7663: 7662:Related topics 7659: 7658: 7656: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7628:Citroën Racing 7624: 7622: 7618: 7617: 7615: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7595: 7593: 7589: 7588: 7586: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7544: 7542: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7423: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7344: 7342: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7284: 7282: 7278: 7277: 7275: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7217:Traction Avant 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7059: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6998: 6996: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6969: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6957: 6956: 6945: 6943: 6939: 6938: 6936: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6899: 6897: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6868: 6866: 6859: 6858:Current models 6855: 6854: 6848: 6845: 6844: 6837: 6836: 6829: 6822: 6814: 6808: 6807: 6789: 6779:. 6 March 2016 6769: 6746: 6741: 6735: 6727: 6726:External links 6724: 6723: 6722: 6716: 6699: 6693: 6680: 6674: 6661: 6655: 6638: 6632: 6619: 6613: 6598: 6592: 6575: 6569: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6548: 6526: 6514:"2 CV Bedouin" 6505: 6494:. Delanson, NY 6479: 6466: 6448: 6426: 6405: 6384: 6372:"Baby Brousse" 6363: 6342: 6321: 6309: 6283: 6264: 6249: 6231: 6222: 6220:, p. 208. 6210: 6183: 6157: 6131: 6105: 6093: 6067: 6035: 6021: 5999: 5982:ECAS 2cv Parts 5969: 5965:Willson (1995) 5957: 5940: 5928: 5916: 5904: 5892: 5866: 5840: 5817: 5791: 5766: 5740: 5733: 5715: 5690: 5649: 5624: 5602: 5580: 5558: 5536: 5529: 5504: 5477: 5474:on 6 May 2020. 5455: 5433: 5407: 5385: 5357: 5328: 5315:"Baby Brousse" 5298: 5272: 5255:oldwoodies.com 5242: 5216: 5198: 5176: 5149: 5127: 5098: 5072: 5047: 5024: 5003: 4973: 4951: 4920: 4892: 4868: 4847: 4826: 4824:, p. 122. 4814: 4793: 4767: 4758: 4725: 4723:, p. 210. 4713: 4698: 4670: 4644: 4639:L'Auto Journal 4626: 4621:L'Auto Journal 4608: 4582: 4556: 4530: 4515:Cats, Jeroen. 4507: 4505:, p. 141. 4488: 4474: 4452: 4425: 4403: 4384: 4382:, p. 103. 4372: 4355: 4328: 4300: 4298:, p. 135. 4288: 4286:, p. 104. 4284:Chapman (2009) 4273: 4270:. 1996. BBC 2. 4249: 4237: 4211: 4199: 4182: 4170: 4158: 4132: 4110: 4091: 4089:, p. 149. 4079: 4067: 4053: 4033: 4007: 3991: 3973: 3961: 3946: 3934: 3899: 3884: 3867: 3841: 3839:, p. 250. 3829: 3817: 3792: 3790:, p. 173. 3780: 3762: 3745: 3730: 3705: 3674: 3648: 3622: 3607: 3581: 3566: 3544: 3532: 3506: 3487: 3483:Willson (1995) 3475: 3449: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3413: 3412: 3405: 3402: 3389: 3386: 3357: 3354: 3347: 3340: 3339: 3332: 3325: 3324: 3320: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3301: 3300: 3299: 3298: 3297: 3289:Traction Avant 3284: 3281: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3247: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3228: 3194: 3191: 3167:André Lefèbvre 3154: 3151: 3146:low technology 3121: 3118: 3093: 3090: 3061: 3058: 3053: 3052:Other variants 3050: 3010: 3007: 2937:Jasper Carrott 2919: 2916: 2889: 2886: 2833:cylinder heads 2734:Walter Becchia 2694:Main article: 2691: 2688: 2647: 2644: 2636:Traction Avant 2627: 2624: 2572:than existing 2561: 2558: 2526: 2523: 2477: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2463: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2450:1970s interior 2449: 2442: 2441: 2440: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2381: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2335: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2318: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2304: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2273: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2256: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2222: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2192: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2171: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2118: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2103: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078:Citroën Méhari 2074: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2022: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2013:2CV Sahara 4x4 2009: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1996: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1983: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1938:Main article: 1935: 1932: 1903: 1900: 1859: 1856: 1821: 1818: 1804: 1801: 1778: 1775: 1743: 1740: 1715: 1712: 1691: 1688: 1618:British Empire 1609: 1606: 1568: 1561: 1560: 1559: 1551: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1534: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1513: 1512: 1511: 1502: 1495: 1494: 1493: 1485: 1478: 1477: 1476: 1468: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1454: 1447: 1446: 1445: 1444: 1443: 1441: 1440:Export markets 1438: 1433: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1400:Gallic rooster 1396:1986 World Cup 1390: 1387: 1288:engine from a 1278:) in the film 1238: 1231: 1230: 1229: 1224: 1217: 1216: 1215: 1206: 1199: 1198: 1197: 1196: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1166: 1165: 1142: 1131: 1098: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1084: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1018:Robert Delpire 973: 966: 965: 964: 956: 949: 948: 947: 942: 935: 934: 933: 932: 931: 929: 926: 917:porte de malle 857: 854: 852: 849: 819: 812: 811: 810: 805: 798: 797: 796: 791: 784: 783: 782: 781: 780: 778: 775: 743:Traction Avant 693: 686: 685: 684: 679: 672: 671: 670: 669: 668: 666: 663: 615:André Lefèbvre 596:Traction Avant 584: 580: 572: 571:Pre-production 569: 567: 564: 488:Traction Avant 393: 392: 373: 369: 368: 364: 363: 360: 354: 353: 350: 346: 345: 342: 338: 337: 334: 330: 329: 326: 320: 319: 315: 314: 308: 302: 301: 299: 298: 295: 292: 289: 279: 277: 271: 270: 266: 265: 259:Citroën Méhari 240: 236: 235: 222: 216: 215: 188: 182: 181: 176: 170: 169: 165: 164: 158:Walter Becchia 150:André Lefèbvre 147: 141: 140: 135:, Yugoslavia ( 128:PSA Vigo Plant 76: 72: 71: 68: 64: 63: 58: 54: 53: 49: 48: 40: 39: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8343: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8301:Pickup trucks 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8243: 8241: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8203: 8199: 8191: 8188: 8180: 8177: 8176:Wankel engine 8169: 8161: 8160: 8154: 8151: 8144: 8140: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8123: 8120: 8114: 8109: 8102: 8098: 8091: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8054:Executive car 8052: 8051: 8048: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8028: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8008: 8005: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7986: 7983: 7978: 7970: 7967: 7962: 7955: 7946: 7942: 7937: 7928: 7925: 7924: 7915: 7909: 7906: 7901: 7897: 7775: 7760: 7756: 7751: 7747: 7740: 7733: 7728: 7726: 7721: 7719: 7714: 7713: 7710: 7698: 7690: 7688: 7680: 7679: 7676: 7670: 7667: 7666: 7664: 7660: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7625: 7623: 7619: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7607:Citroën Chile 7605: 7600: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7590: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7548:C-Elysée WTCC 7546: 7545: 7543: 7539: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7454:GT by Citroën 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7431:DS High Rider 7429: 7426: 7422: 7419: 7418: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7391:C-SportLounge 7389: 7387: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7345: 7343: 7339: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7285: 7283: 7279: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7267:Xsara Picasso 7265: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6999: 6997: 6993: 6990: 6986: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6955: 6952: 6951: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6940: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6894: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6856: 6852: 6846: 6842: 6835: 6830: 6828: 6823: 6821: 6816: 6815: 6812: 6796: 6795: 6790: 6778: 6774: 6770: 6758: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6739: 6736: 6733: 6730: 6729: 6719: 6713: 6708: 6707: 6700: 6696: 6690: 6686: 6681: 6677: 6671: 6667: 6662: 6658: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6639: 6635: 6629: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6610: 6606: 6605: 6599: 6595: 6593:9791096310609 6589: 6585: 6581: 6576: 6572: 6566: 6562: 6557: 6556: 6536: 6530: 6515: 6509: 6493: 6489: 6483: 6476: 6470: 6462: 6458: 6452: 6436: 6430: 6415: 6409: 6394: 6388: 6373: 6367: 6352: 6346: 6331: 6325: 6318: 6313: 6298: 6294: 6287: 6279: 6275: 6268: 6260: 6253: 6245: 6241: 6235: 6226: 6219: 6218:Clarke (2000) 6214: 6198: 6194: 6187: 6171: 6167: 6161: 6145: 6141: 6135: 6119: 6115: 6109: 6102: 6097: 6081: 6077: 6071: 6052: 6045: 6039: 6024: 6022:9781847976604 6018: 6014: 6010: 6003: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5973: 5966: 5961: 5953: 5952: 5944: 5938:, p. 58. 5937: 5932: 5926:, p. 38. 5925: 5920: 5914:, p. 21. 5913: 5908: 5902:, p. 33. 5901: 5896: 5880: 5876: 5870: 5854: 5850: 5844: 5828: 5821: 5805: 5801: 5795: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5755: 5751: 5744: 5736: 5730: 5726: 5719: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5667: 5663: 5656: 5654: 5645: 5641: 5637: 5636: 5628: 5612: 5611:"2CV cutaway" 5606: 5590: 5584: 5568: 5562: 5546: 5540: 5532: 5526: 5522: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5509: 5492: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5473: 5469: 5462: 5460: 5443: 5437: 5421: 5417: 5411: 5395: 5389: 5373: 5372: 5364: 5362: 5345: 5344: 5337: 5335: 5333: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5309: 5307: 5305: 5303: 5286: 5282: 5276: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5246: 5230: 5226: 5220: 5212: 5211:Jeune Afrique 5208: 5202: 5186: 5180: 5164: 5160: 5153: 5137: 5131: 5115: 5114: 5109: 5102: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5060: 5054: 5052: 5035: 5028: 5013: 5007: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4977: 4961: 4955: 4939: 4933: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4925: 4908: 4904: 4903: 4896: 4881: 4875: 4873: 4857: 4851: 4836: 4830: 4823: 4818: 4803: 4797: 4781: 4777: 4771: 4762: 4746: 4742: 4737: 4729: 4722: 4721:Clarke (2000) 4717: 4709: 4702: 4694: 4690: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4658: 4654: 4648: 4640: 4633: 4631: 4622: 4615: 4613: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4570: 4566: 4560: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4511: 4504: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4493: 4484: 4478: 4462: 4456: 4440: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4413: 4407: 4401:, p. 45. 4400: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4381: 4376: 4368: 4367: 4359: 4343: 4339: 4332: 4317: 4316: 4311: 4304: 4297: 4296:Clarke (2000) 4292: 4285: 4280: 4278: 4269: 4262: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4247:, p. 92. 4246: 4241: 4225: 4221: 4215: 4209:, p. 44. 4208: 4203: 4197:, p. 43. 4196: 4191: 4189: 4187: 4180:, p. 42. 4179: 4174: 4168:, p. 40. 4167: 4162: 4146: 4142: 4136: 4120: 4114: 4108:, p. 34. 4107: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4088: 4083: 4077:, p. 28. 4076: 4071: 4056: 4054:9783834897893 4050: 4046: 4045: 4037: 4029: 4025: 4018: 4016: 4014: 4012: 4004: 3998: 3996: 3987: 3983: 3977: 3971:, p. 37. 3970: 3965: 3959:, p. 24. 3958: 3953: 3951: 3944:, p. 22. 3943: 3938: 3919: 3912: 3906: 3904: 3897:, p. 39. 3896: 3891: 3889: 3882:, p. 29. 3881: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3855: 3848: 3846: 3838: 3833: 3827:, p. 17. 3826: 3821: 3813: 3809: 3808:The Telegraph 3804: 3796: 3789: 3784: 3776: 3772: 3766: 3760:, p. 13. 3759: 3758:Clarke (2000) 3754: 3752: 3750: 3743:, p. 65. 3742: 3737: 3735: 3718: 3712: 3710: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3678: 3662: 3658: 3652: 3636: 3635:Footman James 3632: 3626: 3618: 3611: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3579:, p. 32. 3578: 3573: 3571: 3554: 3548: 3542:, p. 23. 3541: 3536: 3528: 3521: 3519: 3517: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3502: 3498: 3491: 3485:, p. 69. 3484: 3479: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3437: 3433: 3427: 3425: 3420: 3411: 3408: 3407: 3401: 3399: 3395: 3385: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3344: 3335: 3329: 3317: 3305: 3296: 3294: 3290: 3280: 3278: 3273: 3271: 3267: 3244: 3239: 3232: 3227: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3219: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3199: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3150: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3126: 3117: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3100:Citroën Bijou 3098: 3089: 3087: 3082: 3079: 3075: 3066: 3057: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3039: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3020: 3015: 3006: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2979: 2977: 2972: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2957:niche product 2954: 2950: 2946: 2941: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2894: 2885: 2883: 2879: 2878:hand-cranking 2874: 2870: 2867: 2862: 2861:power density 2857: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2827:. The use of 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2806: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2788: 2786: 2782: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2758: 2753: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2735: 2726: 2718: 2710: 2702: 2697: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2656: 2653: 2643: 2639: 2637: 2633: 2623: 2619: 2617: 2612: 2608: 2603: 2601: 2595: 2592: 2591:volute spring 2587: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2570:unsprung mass 2567: 2557: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2520: 2519:fender skirts 2516: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2500: 2498: 2493: 2492:Citroën Dyane 2489: 2474: 2460: 2446: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2421: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2395: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2382: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2305: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2274: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2210: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2194: 2193: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2180: 2179: 2175: 2172: 2170:Méhari Gringa 2169: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2157: 2155:Méhari Safari 2154: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2085: 2082: 2080:4x2 & 4x4 2079: 2076: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2052:Citroën Dyane 2050: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2039:Citroën Bijou 2037: 2036: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2010: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1984: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1973: 1967: 1966: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1941: 1931: 1929: 1925: 1922:up until the 1921: 1920:Iran National 1917: 1916:Citroën Dyane 1913: 1909: 1899: 1897: 1896: 1890: 1888: 1883: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1855: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1842:joint venture 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1817: 1815: 1810: 1809:North America 1803:North America 1800: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1788: 1782: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1720: 1711: 1709: 1708:South America 1705: 1701: 1697: 1690:South America 1687: 1685: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1664: 1662: 1659:on the 1950s 1658: 1654: 1653:Colin Chapman 1650: 1645: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1636: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1605: 1603: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1565: 1554: 1548: 1537: 1531: 1517: 1506: 1499: 1489: 1482: 1472: 1465: 1451: 1437: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1419: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1375: 1373: 1368: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1329: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1294: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1277: 1273: 1268: 1266: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1235: 1221: 1210: 1203: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1177: 1173: 1171: 1168:The Paris to 1163: 1162:Ténéré desert 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1117: 1112: 1109: 1095: 1081: 1067: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1036: 1026: 1022: 1019: 1014: 1012: 1007: 1005: 1004:suicide doors 1001: 1000:Citroën H Van 996: 993: 992: 988: 983: 970: 960: 959:suicide doors 953: 939: 925: 922: 918: 912: 909: 904: 902: 897: 895: 891: 887: 886: 880: 876: 873: 872: 866: 864: 848: 846: 842: 838: 835:starter. The 834: 830: 816: 802: 788: 774: 772: 768: 764: 763:Marshall Plan 760: 754: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 731: 725: 723: 719: 714: 712: 708: 703: 690: 676: 662: 660: 656: 651: 649: 643: 640: 636: 632: 627: 625: 619: 616: 607: 603: 599: 597: 593: 588: 583:; 80 mpg 578: 563: 560: 556: 552: 551:boxer engines 547: 542: 540: 536: 535: 530: 526: 525: 519: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 500:fourgonnettes 497: 496:delivery vans 493: 489: 484: 482: 478: 474: 470: 465: 463: 459: 455: 451: 446: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 418: 412: 404: 400: 390: 386: 381: 377: 376:Citroën Dyane 374: 370: 365: 361: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 325: 321: 316: 313: 309: 307: 303: 296: 293: 290: 288: 285: 281: 280: 278: 276: 272: 267: 264: 263:Citroën Bijou 260: 256: 252: 248: 247:Citroën Dyane 244: 241: 237: 234: 230: 226: 223: 221: 217: 214: 213:coupé utility 209: 204: 198: 193: 189: 187: 183: 180: 177: 175: 171: 166: 163: 162:Marcel Chinon 159: 155: 151: 148: 146: 142: 138: 134: 129: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 77: 73: 69: 65: 62: 59: 55: 50: 46: 41: 36: 32:Motor vehicle 30: 19: 8296:Convertibles 8081:Grand tourer 7904: 7758: 7001: 6849:A marque of 6799:. Retrieved 6793: 6781:. Retrieved 6776: 6761:. Retrieved 6754: 6705: 6684: 6665: 6642: 6623: 6603: 6583: 6579: 6560: 6539:. Retrieved 6529: 6517:. Retrieved 6508: 6496:. Retrieved 6491: 6482: 6474: 6469: 6460: 6451: 6439:. Retrieved 6429: 6417:. Retrieved 6408: 6396:. Retrieved 6387: 6375:. Retrieved 6366: 6354:. Retrieved 6345: 6333:. Retrieved 6324: 6316: 6312: 6300:. Retrieved 6296: 6286: 6278:the original 6267: 6252: 6243: 6234: 6225: 6213: 6201:. Retrieved 6196: 6186: 6174:. Retrieved 6169: 6160: 6148:. Retrieved 6144:the original 6134: 6122:. Retrieved 6118:the original 6108: 6096: 6084:. Retrieved 6080:the original 6070: 6058:. Retrieved 6051:the original 6038: 6026:. Retrieved 6012: 6002: 5990:. Retrieved 5986:the original 5981: 5972: 5960: 5949: 5943: 5931: 5919: 5907: 5895: 5883:. Retrieved 5879:the original 5869: 5857:. Retrieved 5853:the original 5843: 5831:. Retrieved 5820: 5808:. Retrieved 5803: 5794: 5782:. Retrieved 5778: 5769: 5757:. 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Retrieved 4779: 4770: 4761: 4749:. Retrieved 4740: 4728: 4716: 4707: 4701: 4692: 4688: 4661:. Retrieved 4656: 4647: 4638: 4620: 4599:. Retrieved 4595:the original 4585: 4573:. Retrieved 4569:the original 4559: 4547:. Retrieved 4543:the original 4533: 4525:the original 4520: 4510: 4477: 4465:. Retrieved 4455: 4443:. Retrieved 4416:. Retrieved 4406: 4375: 4364: 4358: 4346:. Retrieved 4342:the original 4331: 4319:. Retrieved 4313: 4303: 4291: 4267: 4240: 4228:. Retrieved 4223: 4214: 4202: 4173: 4161: 4149:. Retrieved 4145:the original 4135: 4123:. Retrieved 4113: 4082: 4070: 4058:. Retrieved 4043: 4036: 4027: 4023: 4002: 3985: 3976: 3964: 3937: 3925:. Retrieved 3918:the original 3858:. Retrieved 3837:Bellu (1979) 3832: 3820: 3807: 3795: 3783: 3774: 3765: 3721:. Retrieved 3696:. Retrieved 3692:the original 3688:Proctor Cars 3687: 3677: 3665:. Retrieved 3660: 3651: 3639:. Retrieved 3634: 3625: 3610: 3598:. Retrieved 3594:the original 3584: 3557:. Retrieved 3547: 3535: 3526: 3500: 3490: 3478: 3466:. Retrieved 3461: 3452: 3440:. Retrieved 3436:the original 3391: 3382: 3378:Hoffmann 2CV 3359: 3286: 3276: 3274: 3262: 3215: 3200: 3196: 3193:Fourgonnette 3189:in French). 3186: 3182: 3156: 3142:Baby-Brousse 3134:Citroën Pony 3131: 3103: 3083: 3071: 3055: 3047: 3040: 3032: 3027:Chrysler CCV 3024: 2980: 2973: 2942: 2925:crumple zone 2921: 2909: 2906: 2898:Citroën Visa 2895: 2891: 2875: 2871: 2852: 2841: 2810: 2789: 2776:vaporization 2757:wasted spark 2754: 2731: 2657: 2649: 2640: 2629: 2620: 2611:castor angle 2604: 2600:castor angle 2596: 2582: 2566:swinging arm 2563: 2554: 2547: 2543: 2539:aerodynamics 2528: 2504:radial tyres 2501: 2484: 2435:Construction 2310:Ivory Coast 2308:Baby Brousse 2254:more than 1 2237:more than 1 2125:3 CV América 1964: 1962: 1943: 1927: 1911: 1905: 1893: 1891: 1884: 1876:''La Dalat'' 1868:Baby-Brousse 1861: 1823: 1806: 1798: 1795: 1791: 1783: 1780: 1764: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1727: 1721: 1717: 1693: 1681: 1665: 1646: 1640: 1634: 1626: 1622:Commonwealth 1611: 1599: 1587:radial tyres 1575: 1507:in Argentina 1434: 1416: 1404: 1392: 1384: 1376: 1369: 1365:West Germany 1330: 1318: 1313:West Germany 1306: 1295: 1279: 1269: 1256:economy cars 1245: 1208: 1178: 1174: 1167: 1146:Raid Afrique 1133:1971: Paris– 1122:1970: Paris– 1113: 1105: 1056: 1034: 1031: 1015: 1008: 997: 989: 986: 984: 980: 916: 913: 907: 905: 898: 893: 889: 883: 881: 877: 869: 867: 863:radial tires 859: 828: 826: 755: 726: 715: 704: 700: 665:World War II 652: 644: 628: 620: 612: 600: 589: 574: 543: 532: 531:". In 2011, 529:Model T Ford 522: 520: 499: 491: 485: 466: 447: 433:, it has an 416: 403:deux chevaux 398: 396: 382:(indirectly) 306:Transmission 225:Front engine 104:Buenos Aires 84:Forest/Vorst 57:Manufacturer 29: 8246:Citroën 2CV 7900:Economy car 7541:Racing cars 7517:Technospace 7499:Prototype Y 7494:Prototype C 7449:GS Camargue 7440:DS Numero 9 7092:C4 Aircross 6928:C5 Aircross 6908:C3 Aircross 6903:C3 Aircross 6777:Citroën Vie 6759:(in French) 6732:Citroën 2CV 6473:Räto Graf: 6317:Motor Sport 6060:25 December 5191:6 September 5157:Ha, Thanh. 4840:22 February 4418:17 February 4001:Odin, L.C. 3986:Le Monde.fr 3468:7 September 3464:(in French) 3266:Kate Humble 3254:Non-factory 3207:Switzerland 3138:Citroën FAF 3114:Lotus Elite 2965:consumerism 2961:economy car 2888:Performance 2856:carburettor 2848:reed valves 2825:drive belts 2813:cooling fan 2772:carburettor 2676:brake fluid 2668:disc brakes 2664:drum brakes 2578:leaf spring 2574:coil spring 2488:disc brakes 2411:Citroën FAF 2359:Pony Greece 2213:Yagán Chile 1864:Ivory Coast 1724:Citroën FAF 1722:One of the 1673:Ford Fiesta 1661:Lotus Elite 1361:Netherlands 1357:Switzerland 1276:Roger Moore 1128:Afghanistan 1108:Citroën Ami 1011:Citroën Ami 777:Development 767:Renault 4CV 739:Peugeot 202 705:During the 659:radial tyre 555:drive shaft 481:radial tyre 423:economy car 399:Citroën 2CV 255:Citroën FAF 243:Citroën Ami 179:Economy car 38:Citroën 2CV 8291:Hatchbacks 8271:1990s cars 8266:1980s cars 8261:1970s cars 8256:1960s cars 8251:1950s cars 8240:Categories 7927:Off-roader 7621:Motorsport 7474:Metropolis 7427:CXperience 7406:C6 Lignage 7401:C3 Lumiere 7368:C-Airdream 7281:Commercial 7087:C4 Picasso 7067:C3 Pluriel 7062:C3 Picasso 7047:C-Triomphe 6954:ë-Berlingo 6851:Stellantis 6687:. Granta. 6441:13 October 6176:16 October 6172:. May 1988 6150:13 October 6124:13 October 6086:19 January 5859:19 January 5672:: 108998. 5617:19 January 5595:19 January 5573:19 January 5291:5 December 5265:1 December 4786:16 October 4743:. 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