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village. Rogge started by "honoring the memory of the 11 Israeli
Olympians who shared the ideals that have brought us together in this beautiful Olympic village" and said that the Israelis "came to Munich in the spirit of peace and solidarity." Rogge added, "we owe it to them to keep that spirit alive and to remember them." In response to Rogge's spontaneous minute of silence, Ilana Romano, the widow of Israeli weightlifter Yossef Romano, said, "He is trying to do the bare minimum," and called it "shameful." Ankie Spitzer, the widow of Israeli coach Andrei Spitzer, also criticised Rogge, saying, "This is not the right solution, to hold some ceremony in front of 30 or 40 people. We asked for a moment of silence at the opening ceremony, not for someone to mumble something in front of a few dozen people." At the London commemoration on August 6, Romano told Rogge he had "submitted to terrorism", and would be "written down on the pages of history as ... a president who violated the Olympic charter calls for brotherhood, friendship and peace." Their attacks were applauded by the audience, but afterwards some attendees privately expressed discomfort at the sustained attack on Rogge, and Andrew Gilbert, formerly chair of
813:, and that Britain too had suffered from terrorism. Livnat said that "not observing a silence grants a moral victory to the evil." Ankie Spitzer said "Is the IOC only interested in power and money and politics? Did they forget that they are supposed to promote peace, brotherhood and fair play?" Spitzer and Ilana Romana, who had previously requested that Rogge be banned from the ceremony, said that the IOC had discriminated against the dead athletes because they were Israelis and Jews. They added that they were personally hurt and felt insulted by Rogge. Spitzer exclaimed, "Shame on you!" in reference to IOC President Rogge for refusing to hold one minute of silence.
775:
massacre in 1972 unfold when he was 8 years old. Johnson said, "What sticks in my mind is that sense of sacrilege and a feeling of horror that the world's greatest sporting event should suffer such an attack, and that an attack should be mounted against people who had been training for what should have been the greatest event in their lives. And I think the world watched with a sense of numb disbelief as those events unfolded because sport should transcend politics." In addition, Israeli TV commentators held an informal 30-second silence during the
Olympics opening ceremony.
23:
472:
Westerwelle recognised that the focus of the
Olympics must be the sports competition, but also appealed to Rogge for "a moment's pause at an appropriate time" during the Olympics, which would be "a humanitarian gesture and a fitting way to send the message that violence and terror are incompatible with the Olympic idea." Westerwelle added that Germany "looks back with grief and anguish on the tragedy of Munich" and their thoughts are with the victims, their families, and the Israeli team members who survived.
622:, thanked Jacques Rogge in a letter for refusing to hold a minute of silence, saying that it promotes the "spread of racism" and that the Palestinian Olympic team was prepared to "confront the Israeli provocations," referring to a minute of silence. Rajoub added that "sport in Palestine is a means to achieve national goals" as well as "a tool of struggle to present the Palestinian cause," and that "sports are a bridge to love, interconnection, and spreading of peace among nations."
554:, who cosponsored the resolution in support of a minute of silence, blamed the IOC's refusal on "being political because frankly they’re afraid of offending some of the Arab nations." However, Engel said, "If you have this fiction of fraternal bonds and commonality of feeling, then it's appropriate for the IOC to act without any politics whatsoever. The only reason they haven’t done this in 40 years is because it's Israeli athletes, and that makes it even more disgraceful."
369:, initiated the petition with Ankie Spitzer, the wife of Andrei Spitzer, who was killed at the Munich Olympics. The petition says, "Just one minute — at the 2012 London Summer Olympics and at every Olympic Games, to promote peace." When the London Olympics took place in July, over 100,000 people had signed the petition in support of one minute of silence.
683:, a Jewish-American gymnast who won a gold medal at the 2012 London Olympics, expressed her support for a minute of silence at the Olympics, saying that, "The fact it was on the 40th anniversary is special, and winning the gold today means a lot to me. If there had been a moment's silence, I would have supported it and respected it."
754:
On July 27, 2012, over 20,000 people throughout London attended a "Minute for Munich" program organised by the
British Zionist Federation. On the same day, a memorial was held in Trafalgar Square that was attended by approximately 400 people to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Munich massacre. The
376:
wrote an official letter to the
International Olympic Committee, in which he requested the commemoration of the eleven murdered athletes in a minute of silence, as well as an emphasis on the Olympic principles of equality and brotherhood. Ayalon said, "We must remain vigilant against acts of hate and
278:
The IOC declined the request for a minute of silence at the opening ceremony, but IOC officials honoured the victims at a ceremony organised by the
Israeli embassy and the Jewish community in London during the Olympics on August 6, 2012. A further ceremony was planned in Germany on the anniversary of
774:
Israelis marked the 40th anniversary of the Munich massacre in London, during which prayers were read for the 11 murdered
Israelis, wreaths were laid, and a plaque was unveiled approximately four miles from the Olympic Stadium. London Mayor Boris Johnson attended the event, and recalled watching the
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would not just be a memorial for Israel; it would be a memorial for all
Olympians. Our children and brothers, the Munich 11, were not only children of Israel, but children of the Olympics. They embodied the Olympic spirit of teamwork and community, of honest competition and our common humanity. They
515:
AM proposed the motion and said, "It is 40 years since this terrible attack took place and there has not once been a memorial service or event officially part of the scheduled events at
Olympic Games. This is simply not good enough. The IOC say to have a minute's silence to commemorate these victims
507:
This
Assembly notes the widespread, cross-party, support for one minute's silence during the London Olympic Games to mark the 10th Olympiad since and 40th anniversary of the terrorist massacre of Israeli competitors and their coaches during the 1972 Munich Olympics. This Assembly urges the Mayor of
458:
to reconsider his position against commemorating the victims. They wrote, "The terrorist attack targeted not only Israel, but the spirit and goals of the Olympic movement. Given the impact of this tragedy, on the Olympic community as a whole and the world, it should be marked publicly as part of the
602:
Despite the refusal to honour the victims during the opening ceremony of the Olympics, on July 23 IOC President Jacques Rogge led a minute of silence during a ceremony which promoted the Olympic truce. This was the first time that the IOC honoured the Israeli victims in a ceremony inside an Olympic
594:
The International Olympic Committee refused to hold one minute of silence at the 40th anniversary of the Munich massacre. IOC President Jacques Rogge said that, "We feel that the opening ceremony is an atmosphere that is not fit to remember such a tragic incident." However, Rogge said that the IOC
355:
Since the Montreal Olympics, the IOC has continued to reject any official commemoration of the victims. Spitzer explained that the International Olympic Committee says it is not in the "protocol of the opening ceremony to have a commemoration." However, Spitzer said, "Well, my husband coming home
705:
Cotler said that the IOC's "steadfast reluctance" to hold a minute of silence ignores and mocks "the calls for a moment of silence by Government leaders... and the sustained international public campaign and anguished civil society appeals." Cotler also mentioned that such a memorial would not be
364:
In April 2012, the year of the 40th anniversary of the Munich massacre, an online petition was created titled "Tell the International Olympic Committee: 40 Years is Enough!", to urge the International Olympic Committee to honour the memory of the eleven murdered athletes in one minute of silence.
471:
supported a minute of silence at the London Olympics in a letter to Jacques Rogge, the president of the International Olympic Committee. Westerwelle wrote that the Munich Massacre was "also an attack on the Olympic Games and the Olympic idea of promoting peace and friendship among the nations."
430:
Australian lawmakers unanimously supported a motion that supported a minute of silence during the opening ceremony of the London Olympics. Prime Minister Julia Gillard and opposition leader Tony Abbot voted for the motion as well. The motion said that the impact of 1972 Munich Massacre "has been
426:
signed a letter urging the International Olympic Committee to hold one minute of silence. The letter said, "Silence is a fitting tribute for the athletes who lost their lives on the Olympic stage. Silence contains no statements, assumptions or beliefs and requires no understanding of language to
643:
Ankie Spitzer and Ilana Romano urged members of the crowd to stand for a spontaneous minute of silence during the opening ceremony. Spitzer claimed that Rogge was using a Munich ceremony organised by the Israelis and the London Jewish community on August 6 as an excuse not to hold the moment of
804:
It is right that we should stop and remember the 11 Israeli athletes who so tragically lost their lives when those values came under attack in Munich 40 years ago. It was a truly shocking act of evil. A crime against the Jewish people. A crime against humanity. A crime the world must never
670:
Barbara Berger, whose brother David Mark Berger was killed in the Munich massacre, felt dismayed and offended at the rejection, explaining that "A moment of silence may not seem like much. But to us, to the families who lost so much, that silent respect will speak volumes." Such a moment:
655:
noted that the International Olympic Committee denied the requests for a minute of silence, saying in an interview that "many people find that denial more than puzzling but insensitive." During the opening ceremony, Costas referred to the spontaneous minute of silence the week before as
385:
Support for the one minute of silence campaign for the London 2012 Olympics emerged from across the globe. Calls for a minute of silence also came from various parliaments and government officials. In addition, over 100,000 people signed a petition in support of one minute of silence.
520:
AM seconded the motion and said, "The IOC needs to show some political courage and allow the commemoration of a tragedy that affected their guests during their event in their venue forty years ago. This important decision should not be dictated by a small number of their members."
571:
wrote to the International Olympic Committee President Jacques Rogge to urge the IOC to hold an "appropriate memorial event" in London for the victims of the Munich massacre, and urged the IOC to reverse their decision against holding a minute of silence.
694:
The refusal of the IOC to observe a moment of silence on the 40th anniversary of the Munich massacre – the slaughter of 11 Israeli athletes and coaches for no other reason than that they were Israelis and Jews – is as offensive as it is incomprehensible.
487:. Rivlin said, "That Germany, on whose territory the terrorist attacks were carried out, joined the cause is extremely significant." "The case for a minute of silence to mark the 40th anniversary of the massacre is a moral cause of the first order."
350:
But they told us very clearly: "There are 21 Arab delegations that will leave if we say something about the Israeli athletes." So I said: "Let them leave if they can't understand what the Olympics are all about – a connection between people through
742:
and in honour of the victims of the massacre. On July 29, members of the Italian Olympic delegation also held a moment of silence. Those in attendance consisted of approximately 30 individuals, as well as the Italian Tourism and Sports Minister
595:
would honour the victims of the Munich massacre at a reception in London during the Olympics on August 6, and that IOC officials would attend a ceremony in Germany on the anniversary of the attack on September 5 at the military airfield of
356:
in a coffin was not in the protocol either. This was the blackest page in Olympic history. These 11 athletes were part of the Olympic family, they were not accidental tourists. They should be remembered as part of the Olympic framework."
561:
said that he "absolutely" supports a minute of silence. National Security Council spokesman Tommy Vietor said "We absolutely support the campaign for a minute of silence at the Olympics to honor the Israeli athletes killed in Munich."
869:
816:
At the JCC Maccabi Games opening ceremonies at the JCC Rockland in suburban New York, Ankie Spitzer will lead a livestreamed, worldwide minute of silence to honour the 11 Israeli athletes who were killed in the Munich massacre.
345:
Ankie Spitzer, the widow of Israeli coach Andrei Spitzer, has helped lead the campaign, and has described the idea of a minute of silence or other form of commemoration as "natural in our eyes." However, Spitzer said,
1257:
1923:
690:, a former Canadian justice minister and attorney-general and a then-member of Parliament, wrote a last-minute plea to Rogge to hold a minute of silence at the closing ceremony of the Olympics. Cotler wrote:
755:
event, organised by the British Israel Coalition, was "a response to the International Olympic Committee's sustained refusal to include a minute of silence in the opening ceremony due to be held tonight."
529:
Approximately 140 members of Italy's parliament urged the International Olympic Committee to observe one minute of silence on the 40th anniversary of the Munich Massacre in a letter they wrote to the IOC.
550:, but the full body did not receive a chance to vote on it. The House of Representatives held a moment of silence themselves, and one-minute speeches were given on the House floor as well. Representative
770:
and in honour of the victims of the massacre. Prime Minister Cameron said, "It's right that in 2012 – 40 years on from the Munich Olympics – we remember the Israeli team members who were killed there."
599:, where most of the Israelis died during a botched rescue attempt. Rogge also said that he has attended several ceremonies with the Israeli Olympic Committee and Israeli athletes during recent games.
1870:
1286:
516:
of terrorism would be a 'political gesture' but surely not having a minute's silence is, in itself, the political gesture. This is not about the nationality of the victims – they were Olympians."
503:
to ensure that the victims of the 1972 Munich Massacre are remembered during the 2012 Games with a minute of silence in the Olympic Park during the opening or closing ceremonies. The motion said:
701:
These 11 Israeli Olympians were part of the Olympic family, they were murdered as members of the Olympic family, they should be remembered by the Olympic family at these Olympic Games themselves.
698:
It is not hard to infer that not only were the athletes killed because they were Israeli and Jewish, but that the moment of silence is being denied them also because they are Israeli and Jewish.
508:
London to use his position and influence to ensure an official minute's silence remembrance is observed in the Olympic Park during the Opening or Closing Ceremonies of the London Olympic Games.
960:
330:
did not refer to the athletes during his speech. Since the memorial, the IOC has repeatedly rejected calls to commemorate the victims during the Olympics or hold an official memorial service.
2820:
2812:
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877:
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silence. Spitzer said, "Jacques Rogge is using it as a hideaway. If the Israeli embassy and London Jewish community were not organizing it, he would not have any memorial to go to."
2550:
2764:
174:
1261:
2408:
2312:
726:, which happened the day after London was awarded the games. Cotler noted that neither of the last two terrorist attacks he mentioned were connected to the Olympics.
2756:
121:
1393:
586:, a spokeswoman for Mitt Romney, said, "Governor Romney supports the moment of silence in remembrance of the Israeli athletes killed in the Munich Olympic Games."
1927:
836:
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2479:
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2465:
2458:
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2444:
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2423:
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insufficient, saying, "Still, for many, tonight with the world watching is the true time and place to remember those who were lost and how and why they died."
126:
2399:
1474:
2234:
1696:
338:
The families of the murdered athletes have attempted since the massacre to receive official remembrance for those killed in the massacre, starting with the
2156:
1789:"Eleventh hour calls for Munich silence on the eve of Olympics opening ceremony as Palestinians applaud veto of 'racist' commemoration of Israeli victims"
2027:
140:
62:
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were integral embers in the flame of the Olympic torch. They were killed only because of who they were: Jews, Israelis, champions of the Jewish state.
903:
640:
denounced the use of the term "racist" by Rajoub, and insisted that the murder of the Israeli Olympians due to their nationality was the racist act.
106:
1625:
1420:
1975:
667:, vice-president of the New York board of rabbis, said, "37,360: these are the number of minutes in the entire Olympics and they didn't find one."
547:
2700:
1848:
2732:
1313:
1446:
793:, and the Jewish Committee for the London Games. IOC president Jacques Rogge, British Prime Minister David Cameron, London mayor Boris Johnson,
1950:
1741:
800:
and other representatives attended the ceremony. A message of support was read from Charles, the Prince of Wales. Prime Minister Cameron said:
202:
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1547:
1521:
990:
2858:
2724:
2522:
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786:, Germany. The captain of the flight agreed to a request from the passengers to hold a minute of silence, and asked passengers to do so.
1338:
2209:
1671:
326:
Following the attack, a memorial service was held in the Olympic Stadium, although the International Olympic Committee (IOC) President
115:
1766:
1716:
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1701:
1364:
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1016:
842:
86:
1088:
1054:
931:
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2053:
48:
2130:
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1226:
543:
95:
2183:
1897:
831:
136:
91:
70:
2900:
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2385:
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839:, the first time in history where a moment of silence that observed the Munich massacre happened in the opening ceremony.
150:
2543:
1648:
2890:
2828:
2644:
308:
195:
52:
2508:
751:, the Chairman of the Israeli Olympic Committee Zvi Varshaviak, and the head of the Israeli delegation Efraim Zinger.
1598:
1169:
1135:
1098:
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1030:
44:
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607:
tweeted that "the memorial service for Munich 11 became an anti-IOC rally and heavy-handed humiliation of Rogge".'
575:
565:
542:
unanimously passed a resolution which urged the International Olympic Committee to hold one minute of silence. The
451:
111:
66:
431:
seared on world consciousness" and urged the International Olympic Committee to commemorate the 40th anniversary.
2844:
2716:
2708:
2629:
517:
287:, marking the first time ever that the IOC honoured the Israeli victims in a ceremony inside an Olympic village.
220:
160:
58:
2515:
283:. IOC President Rogge led a spontaneous minute of silence during a ceremony on July 23, 2012 which promoted the
2499:
629:
76:
2885:
188:
1788:
2536:
2529:
2740:
2880:
2851:
2636:
2330:
810:
735:
723:
619:
167:
1496:
794:
239:. Support for the campaign came from a number of high-ranking officials and governments, including the
2377:
323:. The kidnappers killed eleven Israeli athletes and coaches, as well as a West German police officer.
2001:
790:
789:
A memorial ceremony was held on August 6, organised by the National Olympic Committee of Israel, the
366:
1745:
101:
2895:
2652:
320:
260:
236:
146:
1287:"APNewsBreak: Clinton urges IOC to hold moment of silence for Israeli athletes killed in Munich"
2610:
240:
80:
1871:"Costas remembers Israeli athletes killed at 1972 Munich Olympics, stops short of own protest"
1626:"Obama 'absolutely' supports Olympic moment of silence for Israeli victims of 1972 massacre"
1572:
2586:
2570:
1819:
1193:
826:
719:
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707:
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unprecedented, mentioning the minute of silence observed in memory of the Georgian athlete
604:
539:
339:
300:
264:
224:
35:
8:
2660:
2157:"Memorial for 1972 Israeli Athletes Held at Trafalgar Square Ahead of Opening Ceremonies"
2028:"Former Canadian justice minister implores IOC to remember Munich 11 at closing ceremony"
256:
961:"IOC President Rogge honors slain Israelis with a minute of silence in athletes village"
596:
280:
624:
411:
316:
232:
2235:"Easy Jet Passengers Hold Minute of Silence for 72′ Israelis While Fying Above Munich"
1717:"PA official applauds decision to forgo 'racist' moment of silence for Munich victims"
904:"Still refusing moment of silence, Olympic head says memorial will be held in Germany"
443:
to support the campaign for a special tribute for the victims of the Munich Massacre.
2313:'Munich families attack International Olympic Committee president at memorial event,'
1165:
1131:
1094:
1060:
1026:
763:
468:
272:
1421:"German FM calls for minute of silence for Israeli athletes killed on his territory"
870:"Rogge again rejects calls for minute's silence for victims of 1972 Munich massacre"
2772:
2594:
1548:"Italy joins push for moment of silence to remember Israelis slain at Munich Games"
1447:"US, Australia and Germany urge Olympic moment of silence for 1972 Munich victims"
439:
The House of Commons unanimously adopted a motion by Liberal Member of Parliament
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847:
767:
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739:
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633:
568:
496:
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423:
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intolerance that stand in contrast to the ideals of the international Olympics."
296:
248:
228:
479:
pledged his support for one minute of silence in an official letter to Israel's
2602:
1522:"London Assembly Calls For Olympic Games To Pay Tribute To 1972 Munich Victims"
1121:
512:
327:
2874:
1394:"Canada's federal government unanimous in support of Munich tribute at Games"
759:
615:
500:
484:
455:
419:
395:
284:
1365:"Australian lawmakers vote for Olympic minute of silence for Munich victims"
797:
687:
637:
558:
440:
415:
373:
304:
244:
991:"Munich widows ask crowd to hold own moment of silence at Olympic opening"
2286:
2084:"Italians hold moment of silence for Israeli athletes murdered in Munich"
1475:"Assembly calls for minute's silence to remember victims of Munich Games"
744:
680:
660:
583:
579:
551:
407:
252:
2357:"Ankie Spitzer to lead worldwide minute of silence Sunday for Munich 11"
1339:"Australian lawmakers write letter urging for Olympic moment of silence"
2788:
2407:
2210:"Israelis mark Munich massacre at small London ceremony ahead of Games"
1796:
652:
399:
722:; and the 2012 Summer Olympics' memorialisation of the victims of the
2287:"BBC News – Israeli widow of 1972 Munich Olympics massacre slams IOC"
459:
official ceremony of the games, not just by the Israeli delegation."
447:
268:
1697:"IOC’s Rogge hears sharp criticism at London memorial for Munich 11"
932:"IOC president leads moment of silence at Olympic athletes' village"
1314:"Israel calls for Olympic remembrance for murdered Munich athletes"
403:
223:(IOC) to hold one minute of silence at the opening ceremony of the
2796:
2316:
2054:"Italian parliament holds a minute of silence for Munich victims"
1767:"Palestinian Authority Rejects "Racist" Call for Olympic Silence"
1649:"Romney backs Olympics moment of silence to honor Munich victims"
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
779:
480:
312:
2578:
2262:"IOC head Rogge to speak at memorial event for Munich athletes"
783:
1951:"Remember my brother and the other murdered Israeli Olympians"
1845:"NBC's Bob Costas advocates London Olympics moment of silence"
1211:
738:
held a minute of silence to mark the 40th anniversary of the
372:
Later during the same month, Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister
2131:"Over 20,000 hold moment of silence in London for Munich 11"
2077:
2075:
279:
the attack on September 5, 2012 at the military airfield of
219:
refers to an international campaign created to persuade the
1357:
636:
as "the Munich Operation." Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister
589:
2109:"More than 20,000 Londoners hold Munich moment of silence"
1976:"Aly Raisman says she was for Munich 11 moment of silence"
1847:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. July 21, 2012. Archived from
1499:. Greater London Authority: London Assembly. June 20, 2012
984:
982:
955:
953:
782:
flight from London to Israel as their aeroplane flew over
2072:
1516:
1514:
926:
924:
648:
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When the Israeli delegation entered the Olympic Stadium,
2046:
1672:"I.O.C.'s Impromptu Munich Remembrance Draws Criticism"
979:
950:
2201:
1511:
921:
1599:"Congressmen to hold moment of silence for Munich 11"
1591:
1227:"Munich Olympics massacre: the fight for remembrance"
876:. The Associated Press. July 21, 2012. Archived from
663:
condemned the IOC's refusal, saying, "Shame on you!"
2184:"Cameron will attend Guildhall Munich commemoration"
2002:"US gymnast: 'Special' to win on Munich anniversary"
1820:"PA thanks IOC for refusing Munich victims memorial"
1469:
1467:
499:
unanimously agreed on a motion that called on Mayor
2409:
Olympic Games scandals, controversies and incidents
2081:
1258:"Olympics head rejects silence for Israeli victims"
778:On July 31, a minute of silence was held aboard an
1817:
1573:"US Senate urges Munich Olympic moment of silence"
1489:
1281:
1279:
901:
2805:Attempted repatriation of Krystsina Tsimanouskaya
2331:"11 slain Israelis remembered at Munich memorial"
2175:
1623:
1567:
1565:
1464:
1331:
1224:
897:
895:
546:unanimously passed a similar bill brought by the
2872:
2181:
1921:
1669:
1444:
1305:
864:
862:
548:United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs
1948:
1759:
1714:
1646:
1276:
1255:
251:, U.S. Republican Party presidential candidate
227:to remember the Israeli athletes killed in the
1640:
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1438:
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1247:
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988:
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1617:
1540:
1388:
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859:
196:
2123:
1915:
1889:
1811:
1311:
747:, the head of the Italian Olympic Committee
610:
217:2012 Olympics one minute of silence campaign
2859:Apartheid-era South Africa and the Olympics
2349:
2207:
1968:
1708:
1244:
2400:
2386:
2111:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. July 27, 2012
2101:
1837:
1781:
1605:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. July 26, 2012
1383:
203:
189:
2765:Sochi Ladies' singles judging controversy
2149:
1702:The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles
843:Controversies at the 2012 Summer Olympics
729:
2253:
1924:"New York Jews lambast IOC over silence"
1412:
1087:Aubrey, Stefan M. (September 11, 2001).
590:International Olympic Committee response
2685:Basketball gold medal match controversy
2645:Football match between Peru and Austria
2227:
1994:
1120:
1014:
2873:
2781:Ireland Summer Olympics ticket scandal
2020:
1942:
1158:Simon, Jeffrey David (July 18, 1976).
1090:The new dimension of international ...
1086:
628:, the official daily newspaper of the
544:United States House of Representatives
2653:"Blood in the Water" water polo match
2381:
2322:
2082:Schmulovich, Michal (July 29, 2012).
1877:. The Associated Press. July 27, 2012
1157:
837:2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
832:2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
1898:"NBC sportscaster to mark Munich 11"
1818:Abu Toameh, Khaled (July 26, 2012).
1742:"The Olympics and the Peace Process"
1550:. The Times of Israel. July 15, 2012
1528:. The Huffington Post. June 20, 2012
1293:. The Washington Post. July 25, 2012
1192:Grace, Francie (February 11, 2009).
1052:
902:Davidovich, Joshua (July 22, 2012).
766:to mark the 40th anniversary of the
762:agreed to attend a commemoration at
718:' memorialisation of the victims of
1624:Ben Goldberg, Ari (July 20, 2012).
1579:. The Jerusalem Post. June 26, 2012
1400:. The Canadian Press. June 13, 2012
1225:Sherwood, Harriet (June 26, 2012).
795:Israeli Sports and Culture Minister
582:, supported one minute of silence.
333:
13:
2829:Canada Soccer drone spying scandal
2182:Lipman, Jennifer (July 26, 2012).
1949:Berger, Barbara (August 1, 2012).
1922:Smith, Sebastian (July 27, 2012).
1670:Gerstner, Joanne (July 23, 2012).
1445:Podoslky, Philip (June 26, 2012).
14:
2912:
1715:Miller, Elhanan (July 26, 2012).
1647:Hosenball, Mark (July 23, 2012).
1256:Greene, Richard (July 22, 2012).
1161:The terrorist trap: America's ...
967:. Associated Press. July 23, 2012
578:presidential candidate, Governor
490:
2579:Games of the New Emerging Forces
2329:Kirka, Danica (August 6, 2012).
2260:Shaviv, Miram (August 1, 2012).
1982:. Jewish Journal. August 8, 2012
1419:Ahren, Raphael (June 27, 2012).
1053:Weil, Ann (September 11, 2001).
1015:Sanchez, Juan (August 7, 2007).
989:Shaviv, Miriam (July 25, 2012).
566:United States Secretary of State
533:
450:and Minister of Foreign Affairs
21:
2845:List of stripped Olympic medals
2709:Centennial Olympic Park bombing
2305:
2279:
1896:Winer, Stuart (July 19, 2012).
1795:. July 27, 2012. Archived from
1769:. The Algemeiner. July 26, 2012
1734:
1689:
1312:Rubin, Shira (April 24, 2012).
1151:
1059:. Saddleback Educational Publ.
365:The Jewish Community Center of
315:and eventually murdered by the
221:International Olympic Committee
2821:COVID-19 cases at Beijing 2022
2749:One minute of silence campaign
2725:Figure-skating judging scandal
1477:. London.gov.UK. June 20, 2012
1114:
1080:
1046:
1018:Terrorism & It's [
1008:
630:Palestinian National Authority
271:, and German Foreign Minister
1:
2741:Death of Nodar Kumaritashvili
2733:Underage gymnasts controversy
2208:Harris, Rob (July 22, 2012).
853:
290:
2813:COVID-19 cases at Tokyo 2020
1194:"Munich Massacre Remembered"
446:Minister of State for Sport
389:
231:at the 1972 Olympics by the
7:
2901:Olympic Games controversies
2852:Doping at the Olympic Games
820:
811:7 July 2005 London bombings
791:embassy of Israel in London
736:Italian Chamber of Deputies
724:7 July 2005 London bombings
620:Palestine Olympic Committee
359:
10:
2917:
2717:Winter Olympic bid scandal
1164:Indiana University Press.
809:Cameron also recalled the
462:
410:, New South Wales Premier
380:
247:, U.S. Secretary of State
127:Concerns and controversies
2891:Acknowledgements of death
2839:
2621:
2560:
2498:
2415:
1577:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
1127:Encyclopedia of terrorism
611:Reactions to IOC response
434:
367:Rockland County, New York
122:World and Olympic records
2137:. JTA, AP. July 27, 2012
1093:vdf Hochschulverlag AG.
524:
418:, and federal lawmakers
398:, Deputy Prime Minister
758:British Prime Minister
618:, the president of the
303:in Munich, in southern
235:terrorist organisation
2773:Russian doping scandal
2611:World Friendship Games
807:
734:On July 25, 2012, the
730:Non-IOC commemorations
703:
678:
510:
353:
307:, when members of the
241:United States Congress
2701:Kozakiewicz's gesture
2008:. JTA. August 8, 2012
1926:. AFP. Archived from
1793:European Jewish Press
1628:. The Times of Israel
1260:. CNN. Archived from
1130:. SAGE Publications.
802:
692:
673:
505:
475:Parliament President
348:
261:Australian Parliament
107:Chronological summary
2886:2012 Summer Olympics
2757:LGBT rights protests
2587:Liberty Bell Classic
2188:The Jewish Chronicle
1291:The Associated Press
1124:(December 4, 2002).
880:on December 11, 2018
827:2012 Summer Olympics
716:2002 Winter Olympics
712:2010 Winter Olympics
708:Nodar Kumaritashvili
605:Limmud International
540:United States Senate
454:urged IOC President
414:, Victorian Premier
406:, opposition leader
309:Israeli Olympic team
301:1972 Summer Olympics
299:occurred during the
225:2012 London Olympics
36:2012 Summer Olympics
2661:Tlatelolco massacre
2361:The Times of Israel
2335:The Huffington Post
2266:The Times of Israel
2214:The Times of Israel
2135:The Times of Israel
2088:The Times of Israel
2058:The Times of Israel
2032:The Times of Israel
1902:The Times of Israel
1875:The Washington Post
1721:The Times of Israel
1603:The Times of Israel
1451:The Times of Israel
1425:The Times of Israel
1398:Winnipeg Free Press
1369:The Times of Israel
1343:The Times of Israel
1318:The Times of Israel
995:The Times of Israel
965:The Washington Post
936:The Times of Israel
908:The Times of Israel
874:The Washington Post
402:, Foreign Minister
265:Canadian Parliament
30:Part of a series on
2881:2012 controversies
2693:Black Power salute
2669:Black Power salute
2006:The Jerusalem Post
1930:on August 23, 2013
1824:The Jerusalem Post
1676:The New York Times
1122:Kushner, Harvey W.
625:Al-Hayat al-Jadida
257:Italian Parliament
2868:
2867:
2613:(2024, postponed)
2571:People's Olympiad
2363:. August 11, 2012
2319:, August 7, 2007.
1799:on April 15, 2013
1705:, August 7, 2012.
1526:Press Association
469:Guido Westerwelle
467:Foreign Minister
340:Montreal Olympics
273:Guido Westerwelle
269:German Parliament
243:, U.S. President
213:
212:
131:minute of silence
2908:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2784:
2776:
2768:
2760:
2752:
2744:
2736:
2728:
2720:
2712:
2704:
2696:
2688:
2680:
2672:
2664:
2656:
2648:
2640:
2632:
2614:
2606:
2598:
2595:Friendship Games
2590:
2582:
2574:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2491:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2373:
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2368:
2353:
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2326:
2320:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2283:
2277:
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2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2079:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2034:. August 9, 2012
2024:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2013:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1851:on July 22, 2012
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1744:. Archived from
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1712:
1706:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1595:
1589:
1588:
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1569:
1560:
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1557:
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1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1518:
1509:
1508:
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1504:
1493:
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1484:
1482:
1471:
1462:
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1459:
1457:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1264:on July 26, 2012
1253:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1222:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1025:. Global Media.
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
986:
977:
976:
974:
972:
957:
948:
947:
945:
943:
928:
919:
918:
916:
914:
899:
890:
889:
887:
885:
866:
632:referred to the
597:FĂĽrstenfeldbruck
334:Initial attempts
281:FĂĽrstenfeldbruck
205:
198:
191:
137:Closing ceremony
92:Opening ceremony
25:
24:
18:
17:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2896:Munich massacre
2871:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2835:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2795:
2787:
2779:
2771:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2731:
2723:
2715:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2677:Munich massacre
2675:
2667:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2635:
2630:Stripped medals
2628:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2562:
2556:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2494:
2485:
2478:
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2406:
2376:
2366:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2338:
2327:
2323:
2311:Anshel Pfeffer,
2310:
2306:
2296:
2294:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2270:
2268:
2258:
2254:
2244:
2242:
2241:. July 31, 2012
2233:
2232:
2228:
2218:
2216:
2206:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2180:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2163:. July 27, 2012
2155:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2080:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2060:. July 26, 2012
2052:
2051:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1957:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1904:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1878:
1869:
1868:
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1787:
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1765:
1764:
1760:
1751:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1713:
1709:
1695:Miriam Shaviv,
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1622:
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1606:
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1512:
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1500:
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1439:
1429:
1427:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1371:. June 26, 2012
1363:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1320:
1310:
1306:
1296:
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1284:
1277:
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1200:
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1186:
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1105:
1103:
1101:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1051:
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1037:
1035:
1033:
1013:
1009:
999:
997:
987:
980:
970:
968:
959:
958:
951:
941:
939:
938:. July 23, 2012
930:
929:
922:
912:
910:
900:
893:
883:
881:
868:
867:
860:
856:
848:Munich massacre
823:
768:Munich massacre
749:Gianni Petrucci
740:Munich massacre
732:
665:Joseph Potasnik
634:Munich massacre
613:
592:
569:Hillary Clinton
536:
527:
497:London Assembly
493:
477:Norbert Lammert
465:
437:
424:Josh Frydenberg
412:Barry O'Farrell
394:Prime Minister
392:
383:
362:
336:
321:Black September
297:Munich massacre
293:
249:Hillary Clinton
237:Black September
229:Munich massacre
209:
180:
22:
12:
11:
5:
2914:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2793:
2785:
2777:
2775:(2015–present)
2769:
2761:
2753:
2745:
2737:
2729:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2607:
2603:Goodwill Games
2599:
2591:
2583:
2575:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2533:
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2405:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2382:
2375:
2374:
2348:
2321:
2304:
2278:
2252:
2239:The Algemeiner
2226:
2200:
2174:
2161:The Algemeiner
2148:
2122:
2100:
2071:
2045:
2019:
1993:
1967:
1941:
1914:
1888:
1862:
1836:
1810:
1780:
1758:
1733:
1707:
1688:
1662:
1639:
1616:
1590:
1561:
1539:
1510:
1488:
1463:
1437:
1411:
1382:
1356:
1345:. June 6, 2012
1330:
1304:
1275:
1243:
1210:
1184:
1170:
1150:
1136:
1113:
1099:
1079:
1065:
1045:
1031:
1007:
978:
949:
920:
891:
857:
855:
852:
851:
850:
845:
840:
834:
829:
822:
819:
731:
728:
612:
609:
591:
588:
535:
532:
526:
523:
513:Andrew Dismore
492:
491:United Kingdom
489:
464:
461:
436:
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391:
388:
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379:
361:
358:
335:
332:
328:Avery Brundage
292:
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182:
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156:
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144:
134:
124:
119:
109:
104:
102:Event calendar
99:
89:
84:
74:
56:
39:
38:
32:
31:
27:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2520:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2489:
2488:2024 (summer)
2484:
2481:
2480:2022 (winter)
2477:
2474:
2473:2020 (summer)
2470:
2467:
2466:2018 (winter)
2463:
2460:
2459:2016 (summer)
2456:
2453:
2452:2014 (winter)
2449:
2446:
2445:2012 (summer)
2442:
2439:
2438:2010 (winter)
2435:
2432:
2431:2008 (summer)
2428:
2425:
2424:1988 (winter)
2421:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2403:
2398:
2396:
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2240:
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2152:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2110:
2104:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2076:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1768:
1762:
1748:on 2015-01-15
1747:
1743:
1737:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1704:
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1199:
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1173:
1171:9780253214775
1167:
1163:
1162:
1154:
1139:
1137:9780761924081
1133:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1117:
1102:
1100:9783728129499
1096:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1068:
1066:9781562546663
1062:
1058:
1057:
1049:
1034:
1032:9788189940935
1028:
1024:
1023:
1022:] Effects
1019:
1011:
996:
992:
985:
983:
966:
962:
956:
954:
937:
933:
927:
925:
909:
905:
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896:
879:
875:
871:
865:
863:
858:
849:
846:
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