877:"Get online on August 9". Across many regions, paper forms were no longer delivered by default to homes, and households that wished to complete a paper census had to order such forms via an automated hotline. Letters were sent to each dwelling with unique code numbers that people would need to either login to the census website or order a paper form if they preferred. By census night, many households had still not received such a letter. Contrary to previous years where censuses were both delivered and retrieved from households by dedicated census employees, in 2016 most of the paperwork relating to the census was delivered from and to the ABS by
380:, obtained a legal opinion at the time that persons of 50 percent or more non-Aboriginal descent were not Aboriginal persons for the purposes of the Constitution. At the first Australian census in 1911 only those Aboriginal persons living near white settlements were enumerated, and the main population tables included only those of 50 percent or more non-Aboriginal descent. Details of Aboriginal persons of 50 percent or more non-Aboriginal descent were included in separate tables to Aboriginal persons of more than 50 percent Aboriginal descent. This practice was followed in all subsequent censuses up to 1966.
869:
1985:
663:. This question was also asked in the next two censuses of 1921 and 1933. Deaf-mutism was found to be very high among 10- to 14-year-olds, with the same pattern existing in the 1921 census among 20- to 24-year-olds. The statisticians report on the 1921 census noted that it was "a reasonable assumption therefore that the abnormal number of deaf-mutes . . . was the result of the extensive epidemic of infectious diseases which occurred soon after many in those age groups were born".
904:) said they would not complete those specific sections of the census, despite the fines associated with incorrect completion of the census. The second was that many Australians could not complete the census online on the designated day. While a paper census form was also available on request, for 2016 the ABS was aiming for two-thirds online. However, the online census website shut down at about 7:30 pm AEST on the night it was to be completed.
75:
685:
297:, a report detailing legislative privacy measures related to the census. One of the key elements under question was the inclusion of names and addresses in census data. It was found that excluding names reduced the accuracy of the data; individuals were more likely to leave questions blank. Not collecting this data would also impair the ability of the ABS to ensure that all participants have responded.
84:
426:
social and cultural characteristics. The classification is specific to
Australian needs and was developed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The classification is based on the self-perceived group identification approach, using a self assessed response to a direct question. This approach measures the extent to which individuals associate with particular cultural or ethnic groups.
449:, a British colony at the time. Previous government statistical reports had been taken from "musters" where white immigrants were brought together for counting. In 1828, the white population was 36,598: 20,870 settlers and 15,728 convicts. 23.8% of the population were born in the colony and 24.5% were women. There were 25,248 Protestants and 11,236 Catholics.
911:. At 7:30 pm, when the site was being heavily used, a software failure meant that the ABS was unable to keep blocking the denial-of-service attacks, leading to the failure of a router. As a result, the ABS decided to close down the system as a precaution. The ABS reported that no census data were compromised. The
939:
The census forms were able to be submitted online until 23 September. Once collection was complete, the ABS issued an announcement which confirmed that in spite of the initial online problems, there was a preliminary response rate of more than 96%. This consisted of 4.9 million (over 58%) online
425:
The results for 2001 were coded using the
Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG). This classification of cultural and ethnic groups is based on the geographic area in which a group originated or developed; and the similarity of cultural and ethnic groups in terms of
1011:
This is offensive because no consideration was given to (1) how the person themself identified, nor (2) whether or not the person was accepted as such by the community in which they lived. When the person does not identify, or the community does not accept the person, as such, it is also a violation
876:
The census occurred on 9 August 2016. For the first time, the ABS the census was by default filled out online, claiming it expected more than 65% of
Australians would be completing the census online. Reflecting this new preference, the tagline of the ad campaign for the census was the rhyming slogan
369:
using their large
Aboriginal populations to gain extra seats or extra funds. Thus the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics interpreted section 127 as meaning that they may enumerate Aboriginal persons but that they must be excluded from published tabulations of population. Aboriginal persons
843:
The 2011 census was held on the night of 9 August, using both paper and electronic "eCensus" forms. Minimal changes were made from the 2006 census due to financial constraints on the ABS during development. The 2011 census was the largest logistical peacetime operation ever undertaken in
Australia,
826:
The peak lodgement was between 8pm and 9pm on census night, when more than 72,000 online forms were received. The eCensus remained available throughout the entire census period. During the 24-hour period of 8 August (census night), eCensus delivered more than 12.5 million page views and at 8:47 pm,
642:
The first national census was developed by the
Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics. The census occurred at midnight between 2 and 3 April 1911. Tabulation was carried out almost entirely by hand; over 4 million cards were sorted and physically counted for each tabulation. Results from
356:
was held which approved two amendments to the
Australian constitution relating to Indigenous Australians. The second of the two amendments deleted section 127 from the Constitution. It was widely believed at the time of the referendum, and is still often said, that section 127 meant that Aboriginal
312:
Following a public consultation process before the 2016 census, it was found that
Australians expected the ABS to hold their information for as long as there is a benefit to the community, and should be destroyed as soon as that need no longer exists. Following this process, the ABS has revised the
421:
it was decided that development of
Government policies did need information about people who were either born overseas, or whose parents were born overseas. The questions were to mark the ancestries most closely identified with and to consider ancestry back as far as three generations. Respondents
703:
The 1921 census introduced automatic machine tabulation equipment, hired from
England for the census. Three punched cards were used to store individual, dwelling, and family information. The cards were processed using an electric sorting machine prior to final totalling with an electric tabulator
325:
have given respondents the option to have their complete census data, including name and address, stored in the Census Time Capsule. The capsule is stored securely at the National Archives for 99 years after each census and is released publicly at the end of that period. The first capsule opening
787:
The 2006 census was conducted on the night of 8 August. There were 19,855,288 people counted in Australia. Of those, 455,031 people identified as Indigenous Australians. There were 206,358 overseas visitors. For the first time, the territories of Cocos (Keeling) Islands were included in the 2006
696:
Australia's population counted in April 1921 was 5,435,700, exclusive of Aboriginal persons of more than 50 percent Aboriginal descent. The Statistician independently estimated the number of Aboriginal persons, both those of more than 50 percent Aboriginal descent and those of 50 percent or more
544:
At the time, the Northern Territory was part of South Australia and had 3,451 white people plus 6,346 Aboriginals in settled districts. Including the Northern Territory, South Australia had a total counted population of 286,211 people. The reported population of Western Australia did not include
675:
began to investigate the connection between birth defects and the infection of mothers early in their pregnancy. In 1951, prompted by Gregg's work, Australian statistician Oliver Lancaster examined the census figures of 1911, 1921 and 1933. He found a peak in the level of deaf-mutism in the age
628:, each colony had been responsible for its own census collection. The census held during the first year of Federation, 1901, was again collected by each state separately. When planning for the 1901 census it was clear that federation was soon to occur, and a uniform census schedule was adopted.
408:
census. It was found when the data was evaluated that people who filled in the census were not sure what the question meant and there were inconsistent results, particularly for those people whose families had been in Australia for many generations. There were no ancestry related questions in
2747:
965:
The Statistical Independent Assurance Panel, established by the Australian Statistician to provide assurance of Census data quality, concluded that the 2021 Census data is fit-for-purpose, is of comparable quality to the 2011 and 2016 Censuses and can be used with confidence.
943:
According to the ABS, the preliminary release of census data became available to the public on the ABS website on 11 April 2017, two months earlier than for any previous census. The main release of data occurred on 27 June 2017 and a final data release on 17 October 2017.
2489:
300:
The ABS protects personal information primarily through anonymisation of data. Personal information is stored separately from other census data, and separately from each other. Names are mutated into anonymised codes, which are then used to link data.
1233:
884:
The 2016 census was met by two controversies. The first was that the retention of names and addresses increased to up to 4 years, from 18 months in the 2006 and 2011 censuses, leading to concerns about privacy and data security. As such, some
676:
cohort born in 1898 and 1899 and that this matched with a known outbreak of rubella in those years. "This was the first time in the world that the link between rubella and congenital problems with unborn children was firmly established."
738:
The 1976 census was the largest undertaken to date, with 53 questions. Due to budgetary restraints, the ABS was not able to complete normal processing of the data and a 50% sample was processed. There were 13,548,450 people counted.
472:
In the mid-19th century the colonial statisticians encouraged compatibility between the colonies in their respective censuses, and in 1881 a census was held simultaneously in each of the colonies. This was part of a census of the
2136:
961:
The 2021 Census achieved a response rate above the Australian Bureau of Statistics target obtaining data from 10 million (10,852,208) dwellings. The dwelling response rate was 96.1 per cent, up from 95.1 per cent in 2016.
387:
a separate Indigenous people. Prior to 1947, Torres Strait Islanders were regarded as Aboriginal and excluded when not of 50 percent or more non-Aboriginal descent. In 1947, Torres Strait Islanders were considered to be
2313:
2000:
2485:
807:
For the first time, respondents were given the option of completing an online "eCensus" as opposed to the traditional paper-based version. By 17 August, more than 720,000 households had completed the census online.
313:
retention period to four years after census, instead of 18 months. Concurrently, the ABS also improved their anonymisation techniques and limits access to addresses and anonymised names to when only necessary.
650:
In the 1911 census, many collectors used horses. A drought in Western Australia meant that some collectors were unable to find feed for their horses. Flooding and bogs stranded some collectors in Queensland.
935:
initiated an inquiry into the 2016 census. It released its findings on 24 November: no individual party was found to be responsible but it was shared between the government, IBM, and other sub-contractors.
1390:
357:
persons were not counted in Commonwealth censuses before 1967. In fact section 127 related to calculating the population of the states and territories for the purpose of allocating seats in Parliament and
351:
contained a provision (section 127), which said: "In reckoning the numbers of the people of the Commonwealth, or of a State or other part of the Commonwealth, Aboriginal shall not be counted." In 1967, a
930:
for the failure in the online census, saying that IBM had advised on the preparedness and resilience to DDoS attacks and had not offered any further protections that could be employed. On 31 August, the
1791:
1722:
1241:
771:
The 1996 census was held on 6 August. There were 16,892,423 people counted in Australia. Of these, 342,864 people identified themselves as Indigenous Australians. There were 139,594 overseas visitors.
2579:
194:
in Australia that occurs every five years. The census collects key demographic, social and economic data from all people in Australia on census night, including overseas visitors and residents of
1132:
2163:
2041:
779:
The 2001 census was held on 7 August. There were 18,769,420 people counted in Australia. Of these, 410,003 people identified as Indigenous Australians. There were 203,101 overseas visitors.
1476:
2376:
1598:
815:
with 14.8% of households using eCensus. This was a markedly different proportion of households than elsewhere in Australia, with the other states and territory ranging from 5.9% in the
2280:
1851:
1532:
1905:
2128:
1289:
1565:
202:(ABS). Every person must complete the census, although some personal questions are not compulsory. The penalty for failing to complete the census after being directed to by the
2519:
2303:
1319:
1211:
922:
stated his displeasure over the event, which had "been a failure of the ABS", with his expectation that "heads will roll" once a review was complete. Leader of the opposition
309:
Historically, the ABS has destroyed census forms or other census-related personal information after the census data processing period, roughly 18 months after the census.
2462:
2214:
940:
submissions and 3.5 million paper forms. The preliminary response rate was similar to the previous two census response rates of 95.8% in 2006 and 96.5% in 2011.
2609:
2247:
1927:
727:, the "race" question was re-designed for the 1971 census and methods for remote area collection examined to improve identification of Indigenous Australian groups.
700:
One of the significant findings of the 1921 census was the low rate of males to females in the 20–30 age group, showing the impact of World War I on the population.
2063:
1881:
795:
The 2006 census contained 60 questions, all of which were compulsory except those relating to religion and household census data retention. The census cost around
256:. The Standard is reviewed and updated every five years to align with the census. The ABS also releases data divided into areas not managed by the Bureau, such as
2343:
2549:
2105:
1783:
1714:
1341:
2571:
2661:
1013:
30:
This article is about the process and history of counting Australia's population. For information on current and historical census and other data, see
1079:
2688:"Report on the quality of 2021 Census data: Statistical Independent Assurance Panel to the Australian Statistician | Australian Bureau of Statistics"
1142:
2368:
2159:
2037:
1049:
647:. The Australian population was counted in the census as 4,455,005, exclusive of Aboriginal persons of more than 50 percent Aboriginal descent.
1751:
1587:
1557:
1465:
195:
2270:
1843:
1513:
1110:
1902:
236:
was held on 10 August 2021, with the data planned to be released starting from mid-2022. The next census will be held in early August 2026.
396:. In 1966, Torres Strait Islanders were again regarded as Aboriginal and excluded when not of 50 percent or more non-Aboriginal descent.
1281:
958:
The 2021 Census occurred on 10 August 2021, and was run by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). It was Australia's 18th Census.
724:
2639:
2511:
992:
720:
353:
1311:
198:, only excluding foreign diplomats. The census is the largest and most significant statistical event in Australia and is run by the
2772:
2687:
1813:
1348:
1203:
335:
2428:
1439:
844:
employing over 43,000 field staff to ensure approximately 14.2 million forms were delivered to 9.8 million households.
2406:
1172:
2454:
17:
422:
had the option of reporting more than one ancestry but only the first two ancestries they reported were coded for the census.
1017:
2206:
1688:
2601:
2237:
1941:
286:
prohibit the ABS from releasing any personally identifiable census data to any government, private or individual entity.
2073:
1873:
2767:
2335:
2541:
2095:
1263:
811:
Across Australia, 8.4% of estimated dwellings lodged online. The highest percentage of internet lodgements was in the
697:
non-Aboriginal descent, by obtaining figures from police and protectors of Aboriginal persons throughout the country.
1667:
1637:
926:
said that the 2016 census had been the "worst-run ... in the history of Australia". The ABS blamed service provider
692:
based on the 1921 census. It shows the Australian population enumerated in the census graded for population density.
290:
969:
The first release of the Census data was published on 28 June 2022. Census data can be accessed using a number of
2723:
2718:
2100:
2068:
2010:
1963:
1937:
1692:
1398:
1137:
199:
89:
2762:
1526:
982:
912:
481:, who conducted the Victorian census, found that this caused difficulties in dealing with Australia-wide data.
322:
2662:"2021 Census snapshot: Australia has doubled in size over the last 50 years | Australian Bureau of Statistics"
265:
831:
assisted with the development of the eCensus, having provided similar infrastructure and technology for the
1071:
847:
The first results of the census were released in June 2012 on the Australian Bureau of Statistics website.
812:
755:
The 1986 Census was held on 30 June 1986. Scanned data of the 1986 Census is available on the ABS website.
1352:
440:
244:
The census, like all ABS data, is collected and published in geographical divisions as defined by the
2308:
1747:
1041:
689:
348:
31:
1761:
1480:
915:
was assisting the ABS to bring the infrastructure back online more than 24 hours after the closure.
2632:"2011.0.55.001 – Information Paper: Census of Population and Housing – Products and Services, 2016"
2038:"IBM application and hosting expertise helps ABS build the big picture faster with eCensus program"
1967:
908:
711:
The census was subsequently conducted in 1933, 1947, 1954, and every five years from 1961 onwards.
621:
In 1901, there were 3,773,801 people (1,977,928 males and 1,795,873 females) counted in Australia.
987:
932:
672:
625:
384:
377:
344:
203:
1632:. Broadway, New South Wales, Australia: Fairfax, Syme & Weldon Associates. pp. 38, 97.
370:
living in settled areas were counted to a greater or lesser extent in all censuses before 1967.
2005:
1932:
953:
863:
637:
450:
340:
257:
233:
226:
53:
868:
229:
was held on 2 April 1911, but census data had been previously collected by individual states.
2486:"Census hacking: Privacy Commissioner investigates as Nick Xenophon calls for Senate inquiry"
2238:"Census 2016: Christopher Pyne criticises politicians withholding details over privacy fears"
1588:"Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ABS Catalogue no. 1249.0)"
901:
373:
2631:
2275:
2242:
1662:. Broadway, New South Wales, Australia: Fairfax, Syme & Weldon Associates. p. 26.
173:
8:
1984:
918:
The census website was restored at 2:30 pm on 11 August. On the same day, Prime Minister
545:
Aboriginal persons of more than 50 percent Aboriginal descent. The population of greater
478:
343:
in contact with the colonists were enumerated at many of the colonial censuses. When the
1821:
2602:"Australia records more than 96 per cent preliminary response rate for the 2016 Census"
897:
832:
816:
2398:
1663:
1633:
1522:
1164:
893:
886:
820:
366:
1558:"2970.0.55.006 – 2001 Census of Population and Housing – Fact Sheet: Ancestry, 2001"
919:
705:
399:
393:
282:
1909:
1264:"2021 Census topics and data release plan | Australian Bureau of Statistics"
970:
446:
153:
2271:"Census goes digital: 2016 survey to be delivered online for speed, convenience"
878:
474:
261:
1103:"2016 Census of Population and Housing data release national media conference"
1102:
2756:
2572:"Government, IBM and ABS all criticised as census failure reports released"
1627:
923:
907:
According to the ABS, throughout 9 August the census website received four
889:
668:
207:
1466:"How Statisticians Describe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples"
643:
the 1911 census took a long time to be released, with delays increased by
644:
389:
2185:
2129:"Abbott government considers axing the Australian census to save money"
684:
457:
362:
2304:"Census 2016 to be $ 100 million cheaper and all digital, on August 9"
1814:"1966 – IBM computers used to process census data for the first time"
1715:"2001 Census of Population and Housing – 00 1901 Australian Snapshot"
1477:
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
1473:
2003 Seminars on Health and Society: An Australian Indigenous Context
1342:"Privacy and the Census, The Law Reform Commission, Report number 12"
660:
546:
105:
2512:"Census 2016: ABS targets service provider IBM over botched survey"
461:
2375:(Press release). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 11 August 2016.
2040:(Press release). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 17 August 2006.
484:
The population of Australia counted in the census was 2,231,531.
74:
2455:"Angry PM slams ABS 'failure' as census website goes back online"
2190:
747:
Scanned data of the 1981 Census is available on the ABS website.
664:
400:
Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups
222:
authorise the ABS to collect, store, and share anonymised data.
2336:"Census: How the Government says the website meltdown unfolded"
1962:
1912:, Cat. No. 2910.0, Australian Bureau of Statistic, January 1995
191:
1628:
Aplin, Graeme; Foster, S. G.; McKernan, Michael, eds. (1987).
872:
ABS website message after the 2016 online census was shut down
2483:
1995:
1993:
2001:"Census of Population and Housing: Nature and Content, 2011"
83:
2740:
827:
more than 55,000 households were logged on simultaneously.
477:. The questions posed in the colonies were not uniform and
1990:
1784:"Census of Population and Housing – 2006 Census articles"
1240:. Australian Government. 20 November 2009. Archived from
927:
828:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1521:. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics. p. 5.
116:
252:). The ASGS was released in 2011, replacing the former
2369:"2016 Census – Online form update: 3.00 pm, August 11"
445:
Australia's first census was held in November 1828 in
304:
2638:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 22 December 2016.
1776:
1676:
1463:
1141:. Australian Government. 16 July 2011. Archived from
456:
Of the 36,598 people, 638 were living in what is now
329:
2608:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 11 October 2016.
2072:. Australian Government. 15 May 2014. Archived from
1742:
1740:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
2235:
1707:
667:was not known to be a possible contributor. During
27:
National census of Australia, held every five years
2363:
2361:
2295:
2186:"Official Ad From Australian Beauro of Statistics"
1922:
1920:
1918:
1094:
1760:. Canberra: Australian Government. Archived from
1737:
1427:. Canberra: Australian National University Press.
1418:
1416:
1370:
2754:
2484:Kara Vickery and Gemma Wilson (10 August 2016).
361:Commonwealth grants. Its purpose was to prevent
2429:"Census website still down after cyber attacks"
2358:
2268:
2160:"Get ready to get digital with the 2016 Census"
2032:
2030:
2028:
1915:
1515:Population Issues, Indigenous Australians, 1996
254:Australian Standard Geographical Classification
1413:
268:(managed by state and territory governments).
2301:
2157:
1746:
1657:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
2719:"One hundred years of working on the census"
2207:"Census delay for residents without letters"
2120:
2025:
1597:. Australian Government. 2000. p. 176.
1550:
1422:
1133:"2011 Census: Census help: About the Census"
1753:ABS 2006 Census Recruitment Campaign Launch
1653:
1651:
1649:
1440:"Aboriginal Identity: Who is 'Aboriginal'?"
1282:"Australian Statistical Geography Standard"
763:The 1991 census was held on 6 August 1991.
392:and in 1954 and 1961 were considered to be
2104:. Australian Government. 10 October 2012.
1983:
1616:
1234:"Marking 100 years of Australian Censuses"
1187:
82:
73:
2056:
1464:Madden, Richard; Al-Yaman, Fadwa (2003).
1391:"The population census – a brief history"
1312:"Privacy, Confidentiality & Security"
993:List of cities in Australia by population
246:Australian Statistical Geography Standard
239:
1758:Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer
1646:
1349:Australian Government Publishing Service
1334:
867:
683:
336:1967 Australian referendum (Aboriginals)
216:Australian Bureau of Statistics Act 1975
2399:"Australian census attacked by hackers"
2064:"About the Census: What is the Census?"
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1204:"Privacy, Confidentiality and Security"
1100:
788:census, following the enactment of the
549:was 282,947 and of Sydney was 224,939.
14:
2755:
2716:
2552:from the original on 24 September 2016
2126:
2044:from the original on 12 September 2006
1878:Census of Population and Housing, 1986
1848:Census of Population and Housing, 1981
1794:from the original on 30 September 2007
1425:The Aboriginal Population of Australia
1052:from the original on 20 September 2020
730:There were 12,755,638 people counted.
316:
2612:from the original on 27 November 2016
2582:from the original on 25 November 2016
2522:from the original on 17 November 2016
2236:Anderson, Stephanie (9 August 2016).
2217:from the original on 11 February 2018
2204:
1568:from the original on 6 September 2006
1457:
1437:
1431:
1018:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2642:from the original on 20 January 2017
2108:from the original on 6 November 2015
1884:from the original on 18 October 2020
1854:from the original on 20 October 2020
1511:
1498:
1113:from the original on 22 October 2020
88:ABS House, the headquarters for the
2492:from the original on 12 August 2016
2465:from the original on 11 August 2016
2409:from the original on 10 August 2016
2379:from the original on 10 August 2016
2346:from the original on 10 August 2016
2250:from the original on 15 August 2016
2166:from the original on 16 August 2016
2162:. Australian Bureau of Statistics.
2096:"2011 Census QuickStats: Australia"
1806:
1725:from the original on 1 October 2007
1604:from the original on 23 August 2006
654:
460:. There were also 18,128 people in
383:Since 1967, the ABS has considered
305:Destruction of personal information
24:
2710:
2316:from the original on 8 August 2015
2283:from the original on 9 August 2015
2127:Martin, Peter (19 February 2015).
1660:Australians: Historical Statistics
1538:from the original on 10 March 2020
1395:1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 2005
1322:from the original on 4 August 2020
1175:from the original on 4 August 2020
404:Ancestry data was included in the
330:Counting of Indigenous Australians
25:
2784:
2732:
2269:Borrello, Eliza (9 August 2015).
1292:from the original on 26 July 2020
1214:from the original on 9 March 2021
1082:from the original on 31 July 2020
725:section 127 from the Constitution
2139:from the original on 31 May 2016
1928:"Previous Censuses: Census Data"
1165:"Census and Statistics Act 1905"
850:The cost of the 2011 census was
291:Australian Law Reform Commission
188:Census of Population and Housing
42:Census of Population and Housing
2773:Australian Bureau of Statistics
2724:Australian Bureau of Statistics
2680:
2654:
2636:Australian Bureau of Statistics
2624:
2594:
2564:
2548:. Australian Parliament House.
2534:
2504:
2477:
2447:
2421:
2391:
2328:
2302:Martin, Peter (9 August 2015).
2262:
2229:
2198:
2178:
2158:Media Release (9 August 2015).
2151:
2101:Australian Bureau of Statistics
2088:
2069:Australian Bureau of Statistics
2011:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1964:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1956:
1938:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1896:
1866:
1836:
1790:. Australian Government. 2005.
1788:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1721:. Australian Government. 2002.
1719:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1693:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1595:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1580:
1564:. Australian Government. 2002.
1562:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1399:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1316:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1304:
1286:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1238:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1208:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1169:Federal Register of Legislation
1138:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1076:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1005:
790:Territories Law Reform Act 1992
688:Lantern slide produced for the
659:In 1911 the census asked about
488:1881 census population results
200:Australian Bureau of Statistics
196:Australian external territories
90:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1903:Directory of Census Statistics
1630:Australians: Events and Places
1438:Korff, Jens (23 August 2021).
1274:
1256:
1226:
1157:
1125:
1101:Kalisch, David (2 July 2017).
1064:
1034:
983:Census and Statistics Act 1905
913:Australian Signals Directorate
559:1891 census population results
323:National Archives of Australia
278:Census and Statistics Act 1905
220:Census and Statistics Act 1905
13:
1:
2717:Wright, Beth (1 March 2011).
2205:Smith, Lucy (9 August 2016).
1531:. 4708.0 - Occasional Paper.
1027:
799:300 million to conduct.
813:Australian Capital Territory
679:
7:
2576:Australian Financial Review
2546:Australian Parliament House
1820:. IBM. 2004. Archived from
1658:Vamplew, Wray, ed. (1987).
976:
441:1828 New South Wales census
10:
2789:
2518:. ABC. 23 September 2016.
951:
861:
802:
635:
438:
429:
347:occurred in 1901, the new
333:
326:will be on 7 August 2100.
271:
29:
2768:Demographics of Australia
2748:2016 Census form (sample)
2309:The Sydney Morning Herald
909:denial-of-service attacks
690:Australian Inland Mission
418:
414:
410:
405:
378:Commonwealth Statistician
160:
140:
132:
127:
111:
101:
96:
81:
72:
46:
41:
32:Demographics of Australia
2727:. Australian Government.
1908:28 February 2017 at the
998:
321:Since 2001, the ABS and
1689:"Historical Population"
988:Demography of Australia
947:
933:Parliament of Australia
857:
838:
782:
774:
766:
758:
750:
742:
733:
714:
673:Norman McAllister Gregg
631:
616:
552:
467:
434:
385:Torres Strait Islanders
345:Federation of Australia
227:first Australian census
204:Australian Statistician
1972:2001 Census QuickStats
1940:. 2006. Archived from
1818:About IBM in Australia
1351:. 1979. Archived from
1072:"2021 Census overview"
954:2021 Australian census
873:
864:2016 Australian census
693:
671:, the ophthalmologist
638:1911 Australian census
451:Indigenous Australians
341:Indigenous Australians
295:Privacy and the Census
266:Local Government Areas
240:Geographical divisions
18:2011 Australian census
2763:Censuses in Australia
2542:"2016 Census Inquiry"
1423:Smith, L. R. (1980).
902:Jacqui Lambie Network
871:
687:
374:George Handley Knibbs
2578:. 24 November 2016.
2211:Mackay Daily Mercury
1210:. 22 February 2018.
1145:on 29 September 2011
1046:University of Sydney
704:machine, devised by
174:Jervis Bay Territory
1824:on 22 November 2005
1512:Ross, Kate (1999).
1270:. 16 November 2020.
1171:. 28 October 2016.
835:earlier that year.
561:
489:
479:Henry Heylyn Hayter
317:Census Time Capsule
184:Census in Australia
97:General information
2461:. 10 August 2016.
2405:. 10 August 2016.
2342:. 10 August 2016.
2076:on 24 January 2015
898:Nick Xenophon Team
874:
817:Northern Territory
694:
580:Western Australia
557:
508:Western Australia
487:
453:were not counted.
234:most recent census
190:, is the national
1944:on 19 August 2006
1880:. 17 March 2009.
1850:. 25 March 2009.
1764:on 20 August 2006
1318:. 16 April 2020.
971:Census data tools
887:Australian Senate
821:Western Australia
614:
613:
577:South Australia*
542:
541:
505:South Australia*
394:Pacific Islanders
367:Western Australia
186:, officially the
180:
179:
67:
66:
63:2026 →
16:(Redirected from
2780:
2744:
2743:
2741:Official website
2728:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
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2649:
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2622:
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2617:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2568:
2562:
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2559:
2557:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2488:. News Limited.
2481:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2435:. 10 August 2016
2425:
2419:
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2416:
2414:
2395:
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2257:
2255:
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2202:
2196:
2195:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2034:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
1997:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1966:(9 March 2006).
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1924:
1913:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1685:
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1673:
1655:
1644:
1643:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1592:
1584:
1578:
1577:
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1573:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1537:
1520:
1509:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1479:. Archived from
1470:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1444:Creative Spirits
1435:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1387:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1357:
1346:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1288:. 11 June 2020.
1278:
1272:
1271:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1244:on 25 April 2012
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1200:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1078:. 20 July 2020.
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1038:
1021:
1009:
920:Malcolm Turnbull
853:
798:
706:Herman Hollerith
655:Rubella research
565:New South Wales
562:
556:
493:New South Wales
490:
486:
283:Privacy Act 1988
213:
169:
168:
164:
149:
148:
144:
133:Total population
123:
120:
118:
86:
77:
49:
48:
39:
38:
21:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2753:
2752:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2713:
2711:Further reading
2708:
2707:
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2695:
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2685:
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2300:
2296:
2286:
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2267:
2263:
2253:
2251:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2203:
2199:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2156:
2152:
2142:
2140:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2036:
2035:
2026:
2016:
2014:
1999:
1998:
1991:
1976:
1974:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1945:
1926:
1925:
1916:
1910:Wayback Machine
1901:
1897:
1887:
1885:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1855:
1842:
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1837:
1827:
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1777:
1767:
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1745:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1696:
1695:. 18 April 2016
1687:
1686:
1677:
1670:
1656:
1647:
1640:
1626:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1590:
1586:
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1581:
1571:
1569:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1529:
1518:
1510:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1486:on 23 July 2006
1483:
1468:
1462:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1436:
1432:
1421:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1389:
1388:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1358:on 23 July 2006
1355:
1344:
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1335:
1325:
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1305:
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1126:
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1114:
1099:
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1085:
1083:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1048:. 6 July 2020.
1040:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1010:
1006:
1001:
979:
956:
950:
866:
860:
851:
841:
833:Canadian census
805:
796:
785:
777:
769:
761:
753:
745:
736:
721:1967 referendum
717:
682:
657:
640:
634:
619:
555:
470:
447:New South Wales
443:
437:
432:
402:
338:
332:
319:
307:
274:
242:
211:
206:is one federal
166:
162:
154:New South Wales
146:
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115:
92:
68:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2786:
2776:
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2734:
2733:External links
2731:
2730:
2729:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2694:. 28 June 2022
2692:www.abs.gov.au
2679:
2668:. 28 June 2022
2666:www.abs.gov.au
2653:
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2606:www.abs.gov.au
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952:Main article:
949:
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879:Australia Post
862:Main article:
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2279:. Australia.
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1748:Pearce, Chris
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1669:0-949288-29-2
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1042:"Census Data"
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890:crossbenchers
888:
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870:
865:
855:
854:440 million.
848:
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289:In 1979, the
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52:←
51:
50:
45:
40:
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33:
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2722:
2696:. Retrieved
2691:
2682:
2670:. Retrieved
2665:
2656:
2644:. Retrieved
2635:
2626:
2614:. Retrieved
2605:
2596:
2584:. Retrieved
2575:
2566:
2556:24 September
2554:. Retrieved
2545:
2536:
2524:. Retrieved
2515:
2506:
2494:. Retrieved
2479:
2467:. Retrieved
2458:
2449:
2437:. Retrieved
2432:
2423:
2411:. Retrieved
2402:
2393:
2381:. Retrieved
2372:
2348:. Retrieved
2339:
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2318:. Retrieved
2307:
2297:
2285:. Retrieved
2274:
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2252:. Retrieved
2241:
2231:
2219:. Retrieved
2210:
2200:
2189:
2180:
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2153:
2141:. Retrieved
2132:
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2110:. Retrieved
2099:
2090:
2078:. Retrieved
2074:the original
2067:
2058:
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2017:12 February
2006:2011 census
1968:"Australia"
1933:2006 census
819:to 8.9% in
661:deaf-mutism
645:World War I
571:Queensland
499:Queensland
156:(8,095,400)
2757:Categories
2646:2 February
2373:abs.gov.au
2112:24 January
1977:24 January
1888:18 October
1858:18 October
1756:(Speech).
1528:0642256845
1248:27 January
1028:References
1014:article 20
892:(from the
626:federation
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590:1,153,170
458:Queensland
390:Polynesian
363:Queensland
359:per capita
354:referendum
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2080:6 January
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1608:23 August
1572:23 August
1542:16 August
723:removing
680:1921–1966
624:Prior to
609:3,240,985
584:Australia
574:Tasmania
568:Victoria
547:Melbourne
537:2,231,531
512:Australia
502:Tasmania
496:Victoria
293:released
258:postcodes
106:Australia
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1874:"2102.0"
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1844:"2103.0"
1792:Archived
1750:(2006).
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599:151,150
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527:114,790
524:211,040
521:858,605
518:741,412
462:Tasmania
165:populous
145:populous
2698:9 March
2672:9 March
2191:YouTube
1948:26 June
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1449:12 July
1405:25 June
1362:26 June
1107:YouTube
1016:of the
803:eCensus
665:Rubella
605:53,177
533:29,561
430:History
272:Privacy
128:Results
112:Website
102:Country
2013:. 2008
1699:5 July
1666:
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1401:. 2005
894:Greens
417:. For
264:) and
214:. The
212:A$ 220
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176:(313)
161:Least
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2618:2016
2588:2016
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2019:2011
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1701:2021
1664:ISBN
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1544:2020
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1492:2006
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1151:2011
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767:1996
759:1991
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632:1911
617:1901
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419:2001
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365:and
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