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2008 Georgian presidential election

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application of inking procedures intended as a safeguard against multiple voting. Observers also reported a limited number of serious violations, including ballot box stuffing. The vote count and tabulation was evaluated less positively. Many PECs had problems completing the results protocols, which were often not posted for public scrutiny. IEOM observers reported cases of tampering with voter lists, results and protocols. The tabulation process at DEC level was slow and often chaotic. Some PEC protocols given to the OSCE/ODIHR EOM differed from those provided by DECs, and many PEC protocols were incomplete or inconsistent. A significant number of PECs reported unusually high turnout in the last three hours of voting, and several DECs reported a turnout considerably higher than the national average. Only a limited number of official complaints were filed during the pre-electoral period, almost all against the ruling party and its candidate. Although courts generally carried out open hearings in a professional and thorough manner, some complaints were ruled inadmissible without sound legal basis, and some written judgments did not set out sufficient reasoning. In addition, the CEC and courts tended to stretch the law beyond reasonable interpretation and without regard to its spirit in favour of the ruling party candidate and public officials. After election day, the election administration and the courts did not fully and adequately consider and investigate a considerable number of complaints regarding irregularities, some of which were of a serious nature. A large number of complaints were also ruled inadmissible or dismissed on technical grounds.
4058:, German diplomat Dieter Boden, the head of the OSCE Election Observation Mission, stated the elections were massively falsified and that there were "rude, negligent and intentional manipulations during the vote count that were detected by our observers". He spoke of a "chaotic situation" within the electoral commission. On January 10, however, a representative of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights mission in Georgia, Rasto Kuzel, declared that the OSCE had not changed its positive evaluation of the January 5 presidential election. The OSCE Office explained: "Mr. Boden's published statements do not quite reflect what he really said, and we shall look into how that happened" and that "the interview was not published completely. Some definitions were cut from the interview." On January 11, Boden stated that the confusion "was the result of a journalist's misinterpretation" and said the final report would be published in February 2008. 195: 104: 263: 900:, co-owned by Patarkatsishvili. Later that day, the television station’s management announced that Imedi TV temporarily suspended broadcasts until the station's "legal status in respect of ownership is clarified." "By doing so we are distancing from dirty political games", said Giorgi Targamadze, head of the Imedi TV's political programs. The opposition politicians formerly allied with him also made attempts to distance themselves from Patarkatsishvili and condemned what they described as illegal methods used by both the authorities and "other forces," apparently referring to Patarkatsishvili. 407: 1083:, but conducted by the Georgian ACT group. This survey involved 1,500 respondents and found that 41% would vote for Saakashvili, followed by Gachechiladze – 11.1%; Patarkatsishvili – 6.5%; Natelashvili – 3.5%; Gamkrelidze – 2.1%; Maisashvili and Sarishvili – less than 1% each. 20.6% were undecided and 2.3% said they wouldn’t vote for any candidate. Of those who had decided to vote for one of the candidates, 64% said they would vote for Saakashvili, followed by Gachechiladze and Patarkatsishvili with 17% and 10%, respectively. 4037:(especially law enforcement agencies) of the executive branch in the electoral processes. One of the proofs of the involvement of the mentioned agencies is that the electoral headquarters of the ruling party's candidate was in reality led by the Minister of Internal Affairs, who was conducting meetings and assigning local party leaders, heads of police departments, employees of the Constitutional Security and Special Operative Departments, prosecutors, and governors with particular election-related tasks. 892:
high-ranking Interior Ministry official Erekle Kodua, Patarkatsishvili himself and the head of his pre-election campaign, Valeri Gelbakhiani. According to these materials, Patarkatsishvili attempted to bribe Kodua into claiming voter fraud and taking part in what the Georgian officials described as an attempted coup d'état on January 6, 2008, the day after the scheduled presidential elections. The plan included staging a mass manifestation against the government and "neutralizing" the Interior Minister
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supporters of the opposition went to the Rike Square in Tbilisi. Opposition leaders urged their adherents to return on 8 January and to celebrate the victory of Levan Gachechiladze. While that rally was called off, the opposition united in a large rally in downtown Tbilisi once again on 13 January, claiming vote-rigging had taken place, demanding a run-off, and asking for the resignation of the head of the CEC. The protests continued through inauguration day, 20 January.
896:. Patarkatsishvili confirmed that he met with Kodua in London, but denied the bribe was in connection to a coup plot. Instead, he claimed his intention was to uncover official plans to rig the election. He also confirmed that he had offered Kodua "a huge amount of money" in exchange for defecting from the authorities to avert the possible use of government force against the planned January rallies. On December 26, 2007, several leading journalists defected from 5222: 775: 27: 915:(OSCE) released two interim reports on the election campaign, saying that the "legal framework generally favorable to the conduct of democratic elections in Georgia, if implemented in good faith." However, they expressed concerns about "a highly polarized political environment" within the country's political spectrum, including the allegations of Saakashvili's use of administrative resources and the lack of balance in 83: 69: 111: 1175:
place with 25.14%. 2 days later, with votes from more polling stations having been counted, Saakashvili was leading with 52.21%, Gachechiladze following him with 25.26% of the votes. On 9 January 2008, with 98.8% of the ballots counted, Saakashvili had 52.21%, meaning he could not fall below the 50% which would result in a run-off.
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Natelashvili – 2.5%; Maisashvili and Sarishvili had less than 1% each. One percent said they would vote for none of the candidates. The survey showed that 63.5% of those who had decided to vote for one of the candidates would vote for Saakashvili, followed by Gachechiladze and Patarkatsishvili with 16.7% and 8.1%, respectively.
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Election day was generally peaceful. Overall, voting was assessed positively by a large majority of IEOM observers, although it was at times disorganized and chaotic in a considerable number of precincts. Organizational and procedural shortcomings were observed, especially with regard to inconsistent
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also welcomed the election, saying it was "an important step in Georgia’s democratic development." By contrast, the Russian Foreign Ministry condemned the vote and described it as neither free nor fair: "The presidential race was marked by the widespread use of administrative resources, open pressure
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In a December 2007 poll commissioned by Saakashvili's party, the BCG company surveyed 13,000 respondents throughout Georgia and showed that 29.5% of voters were still undecided. 36.7% said they would vote for Saakashvili, followed by Gachechiladze with 9.7%; Patarkatsishvili – 4.7%; Gamkrelidze – 3%;
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In November 2007, tens of thousands of Georgians protested outside the parliament in the capital, Tbilisi, urging President Mikhail Saakashvili to step down. The crowd also called for early parliamentary elections. They accused Saakashvili of heading a corrupt, authoritarian government and wanted him
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On December 28, 2007, Patarkatsishvili announced that he would withdraw his bid for presidency, but would remain a candidate until January 4, 2008. On January 3, 2008, he reversed himself and decided to run in presidential elections. In response, his top campaign official Giorgi Zhvania (brother of
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election observers stated that the election met democratic standards, but there were problems that had to be addressed. Western observers also hailed it as "the first genuinely competitive presidential election, which enabled the Georgian people to express their political choice." The EU called on
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he pre-election environment was not equal and fair. This time, as usual, the alarming tendency of blurring the distinction between the presidential candidate of the ruling party and the state authority occurred, which was expressed through the direct political involvement of the different agencies
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announced that an organization called Dialogue for Development of Democracy had conducted an opinion poll between December 17 and December 21. The survey showed that 22.1% of the 2,100 surveyed would support Levan Gachechiladze, followed by Mikheil Saakashvili with 20.3%; Badri Patarkatsishvili –
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The opposition candidates claimed the polls were rigged and the exit-polls false. Supporters for Levan Gachechiladze were waiting for official results, but the candidate himself called for a January 6 meeting in Tbilisi to protect the true results of the election. On that day, about 7000 to 9000
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The Central Election Committee stated the turnout was 56.17%, or 1,912,943 voters. As announced by the Central Election Committee on 20:00 (16:00 GMT) of January 6, data from 2,605 precincts had been counted and showed Saakashvili in the lead with 51.95% of the votes, and Gachechiladze in second
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controlled by the de facto Abkhaz administration. The reports said that the Georgians living in Abkhazia were being intimidated by local Abkhaz officials to prevent them from participating in Georgia's presidential election. At least seven houses owned by ethnic Georgians were destroyed by fire.
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A survey, commissioned once again by Saakashvili’s campaign from Greenberg Quinlan Rosner, was published on January 3, 2008. It showed that Saakashvili had the support of 42 percent, compared to 19 percent for Levan Gachechiladze, 11 percent for Badri Patarkatsishvili, 5 percent for Shalva
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In late December, Badri Patarkatsishvili, a business tycoon and presidential candidate who had pledged his financial support to the November rallies, became embroiled in a major controversy. The authorities released a series of audio and video recordings of two separate meetings between a
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Twenty-two citizens of Georgia expressed willingness to run in the elections. According to the Georgian election code each of them had to submit at least 50,000 signatures of supporters in order to be registered by the Central Election Commission as official candidates.
4006: 1157:(GFSIS), Mikheil Saakashvili was winning with a narrow absolute majority of 53.5% of the votes, with Levan Gachechiladze coming second with 29.1%. Voter turnout was 46.4%. Twenty-three percent of respondents refused to say for whom they had voted. The poll had a 2% 862:
from the Georgian opposition. International observers welcomed the elections as "the first genuinely competitive presidential election" in the history of Georgia, and said, despite observed irregularities, the elections generally met the democratic standards.
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Natelashvili, 4 percent for David Gamkrelidze, and 1 percent for Gia Maisashvili; 2 percent would not vote or vote blank, and 16 percent were undecided. The survey reported only a minority of Georgian voters felt the presidential elections would not be fair.
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According to a relatively unknown Ukrainian think tank "Common European Cause", which claimed to have interviewed 10,000 people at 200 polling stations, Gachechiladze won the most votes (31%), followed by Saakashvili (24.4%) and Patarkatsishvili
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On December 28, 2007, Saakashvili vowed to lead Georgia into NATO and to restore its territorial integrity in his second term if reelected. He stated he would hand over a united Georgia to his successor after the end of his second term.
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all political forces in Georgia to respect the election results and "to engage constructively and democratically in order to ensure that Georgia continues moving forward."
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19.1%; Shalva Natelashvili – 6.5%; Davit Gamkrelidze – 4.9%; Giorgi Maisashvili – 1.1% and Irina Sarishvili – 0.2%. The survey reported that 21.7% remained undecided.
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In total, thirteen candidates submitted signatures, but only seven were recognized by the Central Election Commission (CEC) as eligible to run for the presidency:
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All major national television broadcasters planned to conduct their own exit polls and commissioned seven local research groups.
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Georgia — Extraordinary Presidential Election, 5 January 2008. STATEMENT OF PRELIMINARY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
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Early on election day all polling stations were opened with the exception of the highland village of
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on opposition candidates and severe limitations on their access to financial and media sources."
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Each territory refers to either a district of Tbilisi or a municipality, unless noted otherwise
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used tear gas and water cannons to dislodge the protesters from the territory adjoining to the
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In addition to local watchdogs, 29 international or foreign organizations (including OSCE,
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Another survey, also commissioned by Saakashvili's party, was overseen by the U.S. based
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PR Inside: OSCE says Georgian election showed problems that must be addressed urgently
4370: 4129: 1161:. The figures were provisional, with final results not expected for another few hours. 5221: 4634: 3721: 3094: 2467: 1431: 1275: 1010: 987: 951: 926:
The pre-election period in Georgia was also marked with rising tensions in breakaway
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Saakashvili was declared the winner with 53.7% of the votes, despite accusations of
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Although Abkhaz officials rejected the accusations, the acting Georgian president
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warned that attempts were being made to add conflict on the eve of the election.
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was charged with attempting to organise a terrorist attack and plotting a coup.
1389: 4622: 4552: 4540: 4480:"Zurabishvili: Opposition To Nominate One Candidate For Presidential Elections" 4440: 4428: 4346: 4334: 4303: 4291: 4270: 4145: 4042: 3917: 1576: 1055:, the only female presidential candidate and the leader of the Russian-leaning 916: 187: 5170: 4759: 4677: 5541: 5101: 5095:
OSCE Does Not Change Position Related To Evaluation Of Presidential Elections
4694: 1477: 905: 1145:, Mze, and Achara TV) from the Georgian Institute of Public Affairs (GIPA), 4739: 4029: 888:, Saakashvili resigned on 25 November to launch his pre-election campaign. 4159:"Saakashvili officially declared winner in Georgian presidential election" 4418:
Georgian president vows to join NATO if reelected – People's Daily Online
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Saakashvili was nominated as his party's candidate on 23 November.
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OSCE mission has not changed opinion of Georgian election-official
4960: 4592:"Low Numbers for Candidates in Georgia: Angus Reid Global Monitor" 4347:
Authorities Attack Nine-Party Coalition over Patarkatsishvili Ties
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to be ousted democratically. The protests turned violent when the
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Survey Shows Saakashvili with Strong Lead in Presidential Ballot
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Al Jazeera English – News – Coup Charge Against Georgian Tycoon
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Al Jazeera English – News – Georgia Parties Demand Run-Off Vote
955: 549: 5021:. INTERNATIONAL ELECTION OBSERVATION MISSION. January 6, 2008. 4441:
Attempts Made to Raise Tension in Conflict Zones – Burjanadze
4271:"Saakashvili Steps Down, as Parliament Calls for Early Polls" 4216:"Opposition claims Georgia president rigged election victory" 4926:
Opposition Vows to Keep Protesting against Election Results
4719:'Do not Trust Exit Polls’ – Nine-Party Opposition Coalition 4047: 1155:
Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies
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In a November 2007 pre-election poll held by the weekly
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Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development
4801:"AFP.com | Agence France-Presse, a global news agency" 966:. On November 12, the opposition parties nominated MP 5067:
Massive falsifications during the election in Georgia
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Respect Election Results – EU Tells Political Parties
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All Polling Stations Opened, Except of One in Shatili
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According to a survey commissioned by 4 TV stations (
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on 5 January 2008, moved forward from autumn 2008 by
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Sokhumi Denies Reported Attacks on Georgians in Gali
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Georgia to hold presidential election on Jan 5, 2008
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Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
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Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
4371:Georgian Media Tycoon Returns to Presidential Race 1007:, nominated by the nine-party opposition coalition 4769: 4767: 982:as a candidate instead of Gachechiladze, and the 5539: 4707:Early Exit Poll Results Show Saakashvili in Lead 352: 4408:. The OSCE Observer Mission. December 28, 2007. 4306:. Civil Georgia, Tbilisi / 2007-12-25 20:33:27. 1105:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 4764: 5204: 4146:Georgia to Hold Plebiscite on NATO Membership 806: 4644:. Greenberg Quinlan Rosner, January 3, 2008. 4292:Patarkatsishvili Ally a Suspect in Coup Plot 1046:, the ex-president and the leader of ruling 5553:Presidential elections in Georgia (country) 4961:Office of the Ombudsman of Georgia (2008). 4760:http://www.civil.ge/eng_/category.php?id=32 4213: 5211: 5197: 4359:Patarkatsishvili Nominally Remains in Race 4054:In an interview with the German newspaper 813: 799: 5114:Dieter Boden summoned to Foreign Ministry 4618: 4616: 4614: 4612: 1086:On December 23, 2007, the pro-opposition 4394:OSCE Interim Report on Election Campaign 3980: 1118:where heavy snow thwarted the process. 5540: 5177:Central Election Commission of Georgia 4609: 4337:. Civil Georgia, Tbilisi. 2007-12-26. 4316:Patarkatsishvili Forced onto Defensive 4294:. Civil Georgia / 2007-12-24 13:22:55. 855:membership was held on the same date. 5192: 4028:The Georgian Human Rights Ombudsman, 1376: 1365: 1354: 1343: 1182: 5227:Elections and referendums in Georgia 5159:Georgian presidential election, 2008 4325:. Georgian Times . 2007.12.26 12:52. 825:Presidential elections were held in 4504:"Georgia poll challenger nominated" 4396:. Civil Georgia, December 21, 2007. 19:2008 Georgian presidential election 13: 4940:. Civil Georgia. January 20, 2008. 4903:Opposition Calls Off Protest Rally 4251:from the original on 20 April 2010 4241:"Mass protest in Georgian capital" 1147:Ilia Chavchavadze State University 14: 5584: 5152: 5123:. The Georgian Times. 2008.01.11. 5057:. Civil Georgia. January 6, 2008. 5045:. Civil Georgia. January 8, 2008. 5033:. Civil Georgia. January 7, 2008. 4905:. Civil Georgia. January 8, 2008. 4721:. Civil Georgia. January 3, 2008. 4709:. Civil Georgia. January 5, 2008. 4668:. Civil Georgia, January 5, 2008. 4553:Seven Remain in Presidential Race 4443:. Civil Georgia. January 4, 2008. 4431:. Civil Georgia. January 4, 2008. 1081:Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research 974:, as their common candidate. The 5220: 5104:. Prime Times. January 10, 2008. 4928:Civil Georgia. January 13, 2008. 1063: 773: 714:Georgia–European Union relations 405: 261: 193: 186: 109: 102: 82: 81: 68: 67: 25: 5126: 5107: 5088: 5076: 5060: 5055:Moscow Condemns Georgia’s Polls 5048: 5036: 5024: 5005: 4987: 4954: 4943: 4931: 4919: 4908: 4896: 4870: 4844: 4818: 4793: 4753: 4724: 4712: 4700: 4682: 4671: 4659: 4647: 4628: 4584: 4558: 4546: 4534: 4509: 4497: 4472: 4446: 4434: 4422: 4411: 4399: 4387: 4364: 4352: 4340: 4328: 4309: 4304:More ‘Coup Plot’ Tapes Released 4297: 4130:Georgia to hold early elections 4081: 1397: 752:United Nations Observer Mission 4506:, BBC News, November 12, 2007. 4285: 4263: 4233: 4214:Tom Parfitt (7 January 2008). 4207: 4180: 4151: 4139: 4123: 4101: 3994: 1: 5573:January 2008 events in Europe 5515:Elections and referendums in 4188:"Georgia: On the Right Track" 4094: 1121: 1040:, a business and media tycoon 942: 866: 4775:"შედეგები 2016 – მეორე ტური" 4738:. 2008-01-05. Archived from 4625:. Civil Georgia. 2007-12-23. 4555:. Civil Georgia. 2007-12-11. 4543:. Civil Georgia. 2007-11-26. 4361:. Civil Georgia. 2007-12-28. 4349:. Civil Georgia, 2007-12-27. 4335:Imedi TV Suspends Broadcasts 4165:. 2008-01-13. Archived from 4148:. Civil Georgia. 2007-11-26. 4012: 972:2007 Georgian demonstrations 7: 5568:January 2008 events in Asia 5043:NATO on Georgia’s Elections 4697:Prime News Agency statement 4541:22 Bid for Presidency – CEC 1139:Georgian Public Broadcaster 660:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 10: 5589: 3996: 3949: 3916: 3885: 3852: 3819: 3786: 3753: 3720: 3687: 3654: 3621: 3588: 3555: 3522: 3489: 3456: 3423: 3390: 3357: 3324: 3291: 3258: 3225: 3192: 3159: 3126: 3093: 3060: 3027: 2994: 2961: 2928: 2895: 2862: 2829: 2796: 2763: 2730: 2697: 2664: 2631: 2598: 2565: 2532: 2499: 2466: 2433: 2400: 2367: 2334: 2301: 2268: 2235: 2202: 2169: 2136: 2103: 2070: 2037: 2004: 1971: 1938: 1905: 1872: 1839: 1806: 1773: 1740: 1707: 1674: 1641: 1608: 1575: 1542: 1509: 1476: 1443: 1314:Irina Sarishvili-Chanturia 1169: 1149:and two think-tanks – the 1133:results were conflicting: 1111:) observed the elections. 1109:International Crisis Group 1098: 1053:Irina Sarishvili-Chanturia 5548:2008 in Georgia (country) 5505: 5479: 5416: 5286: 5233: 5161:, Electoral Geography 2.0 4623:Imedi TV Plans Exit Polls 1387: 1377:Registered voters/turnout 1339: 1328: 1191: 1188: 1185: 762:Politics of South Ossetia 729:Georgia–Ukraine relations 357:President before election 350: 259: 177: 94: 76: 62: 35: 23: 5563:2008 elections in Europe 5085:. Itar-Tass. 10.01.2008. 5017:16 February 2008 at the 4376:January 7, 2008, at the 4321:August 30, 2008, at the 4074: 4041:Meanwhile, the OSCE and 1205:United National Movement 1048:United National Movement 904:the late Prime Minister 724:Georgia–Russia relations 545:Administrative divisions 342:     330:     323:     311:     303:     296:     289:     282:     275:     5511:Election Administration 5288:Parliamentary elections 4654:International Observers 886:Constitution of Georgia 575:Election Administration 267:Results by municipality 5558:2008 elections in Asia 5235:Presidential elections 4072: 4039: 4023:Badri Patarkatsishvili 1238:Badri Patarkatsishvili 1038:Badri Patarkatsishvili 954:who made a fortune in 948:Badri Patarkatsishvili 719:Georgia–NATO relations 679:Diplomatic missions of 206:Badri Patarkatsishvili 5071:Frankfurter Rundschau 4454:"The Anatolian Times" 4067: 4056:Frankfurter Rundschau 4034: 1261:Georgian Labour Party 1033:Georgian Labour Party 978:supported its leader 976:Georgian Labour Party 849:legislative elections 4566:"Интерфакс: новости" 990:as their candidate. 847:on when to hold the 757:Politics of Abkhazia 527:Constitutional Court 461:Salome Zourabichvili 428:Constitutional court 4975:on 17 February 2012 4572:on 24 December 2007 4460:on 24 December 2007 4406:Interim Report No 2 4384:. January 03, 2008. 4247:. 3 November 2007. 4136:. November 8, 2007. 4120:. November 8, 2007. 3983:Electoral Geography 1355:Invalid/blank votes 1300:Party of the Future 1256:Shalva Natelashvili 1220:Levan Gachechiladze 1200:Mikheil Saakashvili 1179: 1044:Mikheil Saakashvili 1029:Shalva Natelashvili 1024:Party of the Future 1005:Levan Gachechiladze 980:Shalva Natelashvili 968:Levan Gachechiladze 878:Parliament building 838:2007 demonstrations 834:Mikheil Saakashvili 398:Politics of Georgia 377:Mikheil Saakashvili 362:Mikheil Saakashvili 211:Shalva Natelashvili 129:Levan Gachechiladze 123:Mikheil Saakashvili 20: 5182:2007-09-29 at the 5119:2008-08-30 at the 5073:. January 9, 2008. 4998:2008-01-09 at the 4781:on 2 November 2013 4736:REGNUM News Agency 4640:2011-07-11 at the 4193:The New York Times 4113:2007-12-24 at the 4001:Municipalities of 1178: 970:, a leader of the 960:Irakli Okruashvili 882:state of emergency 669:Ilia Darchiashvili 502:Shalva Papuashvili 234:Popular vote 152:Popular vote 18: 5535: 5534: 5165:Georgia Vote 2008 4884:on 9 January 2008 4858:on 8 January 2008 4832:on 8 January 2008 4517:"IC Publications" 3991: 3990: 1395: 1394: 1276:Davit Gamkrelidze 1011:Davit Gamkrelidze 988:Davit Gamkrelidze 952:business oligarch 894:Vano Merabishvili 823: 822: 701:Visa requirements 653:Foreign relations 640:Political parties 473:Irakli Kobakhidze 391: 390: 387: 386: 372:Elected President 255: 254: 58: 57: 5580: 5225: 5224: 5213: 5206: 5199: 5190: 5189: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5130: 5124: 5111: 5105: 5092: 5086: 5080: 5074: 5064: 5058: 5052: 5046: 5040: 5034: 5028: 5022: 5009: 5003: 4991: 4985: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4974: 4968:. Archived from 4967: 4958: 4952: 4947: 4941: 4935: 4929: 4923: 4917: 4912: 4906: 4900: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4889: 4880:. Archived from 4874: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4854:. Archived from 4848: 4842: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4828:. Archived from 4822: 4816: 4815: 4813: 4812: 4803:. Archived from 4797: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4777:. Archived from 4771: 4762: 4757: 4751: 4750: 4748: 4747: 4728: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4698: 4686: 4680: 4675: 4669: 4663: 4657: 4656:. Civil Georgia. 4651: 4645: 4632: 4626: 4620: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4594:. Archived from 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4568:. Archived from 4562: 4556: 4550: 4544: 4538: 4532: 4531: 4529: 4528: 4519:. Archived from 4513: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4491: 4482:. Archived from 4476: 4470: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4456:. Archived from 4450: 4444: 4438: 4432: 4426: 4420: 4415: 4409: 4403: 4397: 4391: 4385: 4382:Voice of America 4368: 4362: 4356: 4350: 4344: 4338: 4332: 4326: 4313: 4307: 4301: 4295: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4278: 4267: 4261: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4228: 4226: 4211: 4205: 4204: 4202: 4201: 4196:. April 10, 2009 4184: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4174: 4155: 4149: 4143: 4137: 4127: 4121: 4105: 4088: 4085: 4000: 1422:Patarkatsishvili 1402: 1401: 1281:New Rights Party 1224:National Council 1180: 1177: 1153:(CIPDD) and the 1031:, leader of the 1022:, leader of the 1013:, leader of the 962:or the activist 815: 808: 801: 778: 777: 776: 582:Recent elections 557: 540:Local government 409: 393: 392: 353: 345: 343: 333: 331: 326: 324: 314: 312: 307: 306: 304: 299: 297: 292: 290: 285: 283: 278: 276: 265: 197: 190: 146:National Council 113: 106: 96: 95: 85: 84: 71: 70: 37: 36: 30: 29: 28: 21: 17: 5588: 5587: 5583: 5582: 5581: 5579: 5578: 5577: 5538: 5537: 5536: 5531: 5501: 5475: 5417:Local elections 5412: 5282: 5229: 5219: 5217: 5184:Wayback Machine 5173:. Civil Georgia 5155: 5150: 5149: 5139: 5137: 5132: 5131: 5127: 5121:Wayback Machine 5112: 5108: 5093: 5089: 5081: 5077: 5065: 5061: 5053: 5049: 5041: 5037: 5029: 5025: 5019:Wayback Machine 5010: 5006: 5000:Wayback Machine 4992: 4988: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4965: 4959: 4955: 4948: 4944: 4936: 4932: 4924: 4920: 4913: 4909: 4901: 4897: 4887: 4885: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4859: 4850: 4849: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4810: 4808: 4799: 4798: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4773: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4754: 4745: 4743: 4730: 4729: 4725: 4717: 4713: 4705: 4701: 4687: 4683: 4676: 4672: 4664: 4660: 4652: 4648: 4642:Wayback Machine 4633: 4629: 4621: 4610: 4601: 4599: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4575: 4573: 4564: 4563: 4559: 4551: 4547: 4539: 4535: 4526: 4524: 4515: 4514: 4510: 4502: 4498: 4489: 4487: 4478: 4477: 4473: 4463: 4461: 4452: 4451: 4447: 4439: 4435: 4427: 4423: 4416: 4412: 4404: 4400: 4392: 4388: 4378:Wayback Machine 4369: 4365: 4357: 4353: 4345: 4341: 4333: 4329: 4323:Wayback Machine 4314: 4310: 4302: 4298: 4290: 4286: 4276: 4274: 4269: 4268: 4264: 4254: 4252: 4239: 4238: 4234: 4224: 4222: 4212: 4208: 4199: 4197: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4172: 4170: 4169:on May 25, 2011 4157: 4156: 4152: 4144: 4140: 4128: 4124: 4115:Wayback Machine 4106: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4091: 4086: 4082: 4077: 4021:On 10 January, 4015: 1400: 1296:Gia Maisashvili 1172: 1159:margin of error 1124: 1101: 1066: 1020:Gia Maisashvili 964:Tina Khidasheli 945: 937:Nino Burjanadze 911:Meanwhile, the 869: 860:electoral fraud 819: 790: 786:Other countries 774: 772: 767: 766: 747:Rose Revolution 742: 734: 733: 710: 691:Nationality law 687: 675: 655: 645: 644: 634: 617: 600: 589:Parliamentary: 577: 567: 566: 551: 542: 532: 531: 517: 509: 508: 488: 480: 479: 451: 443: 442: 423: 400: 379: 374: 364: 359: 351: 346: 341: 340: 334: 329: 328: 322: 321: 315: 310: 309: 302: 301: 300: 295: 294: 288: 287: 281: 280: 274: 273: 268: 260: 178: 31: 26: 24: 12: 11: 5: 5586: 5576: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5533: 5532: 5530: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5513: 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39: 38: 34: 22: 16: 5468: 5406: 5267: 5167:, EurasiaNet 5138:. 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Retrieved 4167:the original 4153: 4141: 4125: 4103: 4083: 4068: 4060: 4053: 4040: 4035: 4030:Sozar Subari 4027: 4020: 4016: 3995: 3974: 3943: 3910: 3879: 3846: 3821:Khelvachauri 3813: 3780: 3747: 3714: 3681: 3648: 3615: 3582: 3549: 3516: 3483: 3450: 3417: 3384: 3351: 3318: 3285: 3252: 3219: 3186: 3153: 3120: 3087: 3054: 3021: 2988: 2955: 2922: 2889: 2856: 2823: 2790: 2757: 2724: 2691: 2658: 2625: 2592: 2559: 2526: 2493: 2460: 2427: 2394: 2361: 2328: 2295: 2262: 2229: 2196: 2163: 2130: 2097: 2064: 2031: 1998: 1965: 1932: 1899: 1866: 1833: 1800: 1767: 1734: 1701: 1668: 1635: 1602: 1569: 1536: 1503: 1470: 1427:Natelashvili 1398:By territory 1173: 1128: 1125: 1113: 1102: 1093: 1085: 1078: 1074: 1069: 1067: 999: 995: 992: 946: 925: 921: 910: 902: 890: 870: 857: 842: 824: 553: 433:Human rights 421:Constitution 375: 371: 360: 356: 344: 40–50% 337:Natelashvili 336: 332: 40–50% 325: 30–40% 317: 316: 305: 70–80% 298: 60–70% 291: 50–60% 284: 40–50% 277: 30–40% 269: 168: 155: 121: 46: 15: 5480:Referendums 3623:Chkhorotsqu 3590:Tsalenjikha 3392:Chokhatauri 2732:Ninotsminda 2699:Akhalkalaki 2600:Akhaltsikhe 2270:Tetritskaro 1709:Nadzaladevi 1432:Gamkrelidze 1412:Saakashvili 1366:Total votes 1344:Valid votes 1242:Independent 1070:Mteli Kvira 706:Visa policy 498:Chairperson 487:Legislature 438:LGBT rights 270:Saakashvili 245:Percentage 223:Independent 165:Percentage 66:3,527,964 ( 5542:Categories 5509:See also: 4811:2008-01-11 4746:2008-01-05 4602:2007-11-24 4527:2007-11-23 4490:2007-11-10 4273:. Civil.ge 4200:2018-01-05 4173:2008-01-13 4095:References 3359:Lanchkhuti 2930:Kharagauli 2798:Ambrolauri 1643:Chughureti 1445:Mtatsminda 1405:Territory 1318:Hope Party 1129:The first 1122:Exit polls 1057:Hope Party 943:Candidates 867:Background 845:referendum 836:after the 683:in Georgia 493:Parliament 313: 80%+ 63:Registered 5140:4 January 4979:4 January 4888:3 January 4862:3 January 4836:3 January 4785:3 January 4576:3 January 4464:3 January 4225:7 January 4118:Itar-Tass 4013:Reactions 3886:Liakhvi* 3788:Shuakhevi 3260:Tskaltubo 3128:Samtredia 3029:Zestafoni 2996:Sachkhere 2435:Akhalgori 2105:Gardabani 1907:Lagodekhi 1841:Sighnaghi 1544:Krtsanisi 1511:Saburtalo 1380:3,527,964 1369:1,982,318 1347:1,936,929 1332:1,936,929 1209:1,060,042 1183:Candidate 1143:Rustavi 2 1131:exit poll 1015:New Right 984:New Right 843:A double 831:President 516:Judiciary 456:President 450:Executive 156:1,060,042 5517:Abkhazia 5180:Archived 5117:Archived 5098:Archived 5015:Archived 4996:Archived 4691:Archived 4638:Archived 4374:Archived 4319:Archived 4255:22 April 4249:Archived 4245:BBC News 4220:Guardian 4163:Interfax 4134:BBC News 4111:Archived 3981:Source: 3755:Kobuleti 3491:Martvili 3326:Ozurgeti 3194:Chiatura 3062:Baghdati 2864:Lentekhi 2666:Aspindza 2534:Khashuri 2303:Mtskheta 2138:Marneuli 1808:Gurjaani 1775:Sagarejo 1408:Turnout 1390:Civil.ge 1388:Source: 1165:(20.3%). 1088:Imedi TV 928:Abkhazia 898:Imedi TV 696:Passport 665:Minister 550:Regions 240:128,589 237:140,826 202:Nominee 160:509,234 118:Nominee 80:56.19% ( 3950:Abroad 3557:Zugdidi 3293:Kutaisi 3227:Tkibuli 2963:Terjola 2831:Tsageri 2633:Adigeni 2567:Borjomi 2369:Kazbegi 2336:Dusheti 2204:Dmanisi 2171:Bolnisi 2072:Rustavi 2039:Tianeti 2006:Akhmeta 1940:Kvareli 1610:Samgori 1436:Others 1265:128,589 1245:140,826 1227:509,234 1170:Results 1116:Shatili 1099:Conduct 851:and on 827:Georgia 623:Local: 183:  173:26.29% 99:  77:Turnout 72:58.06%) 5522:Adjara 4277:2 June 4007:Eredvi 3959:10.20 3956:76.40 3925:86.42 3922:78.28 3892:88.53 3889:87.29 3864:16.72 3861:66.58 3858:66.57 3834:19.28 3831:22.48 3828:44.37 3825:52.80 3798:14.72 3795:69.39 3792:62.46 3768:18.15 3765:21.04 3762:49.69 3759:55.99 3735:12.49 3732:19.60 3729:58.10 3726:69.79 3702:14.32 3699:32.99 3696:38.63 3693:51.11 3689:Batumi 3666:31.98 3663:42.78 3660:49.23 3633:15.39 3630:68.19 3627:63.86 3600:11.52 3597:74.12 3594:48.59 3567:13.65 3564:70.17 3561:48.84 3534:20.38 3531:64.26 3528:64.47 3501:15.47 3498:68.12 3495:62.84 3468:12.46 3465:74.29 3462:66.90 3458:Senaki 3435:19.39 3432:62.83 3429:68.45 3425:Abasha 3405:12.45 3402:36.90 3399:40.78 3396:68.91 3372:10.35 3369:35.30 3366:40.34 3363:64.22 3339:15.99 3336:31.07 3333:38.51 3330:55.88 3303:30.44 3300:44.29 3297:45.27 3270:19.04 3267:62.52 3264:57.26 3237:16.75 3234:66.98 3231:59.06 3204:26.50 3201:48.46 3198:48.67 3171:17.76 3168:69.70 3165:62.29 3138:27.50 3135:54.55 3132:57.82 3105:17.92 3102:67.94 3099:58.61 3072:25.96 3069:53.24 3066:57.76 3039:31.65 3036:46.11 3033:55.11 3006:27.36 3003:51.73 3000:53.54 2973:21.67 2970:60.68 2967:63.99 2940:29.60 2937:52.22 2934:64.86 2916:10.66 2910:17.84 2907:15.02 2904:50.96 2901:60.53 2897:Mestia 2877:13.67 2874:26.51 2871:48.59 2868:56.18 2841:13.85 2838:72.67 2835:66.66 2817:17.48 2808:15.01 2805:58.80 2802:64.50 2784:14.38 2775:14.17 2772:59.99 2769:60.87 2739:90.15 2736:71.75 2706:86.86 2703:81.73 2676:12.60 2673:68.75 2670:64.58 2643:10.35 2640:78.95 2637:81.65 2610:10.55 2607:77.51 2604:76.37 2577:35.57 2574:43.27 2571:62.43 2544:20.84 2541:59.08 2538:71.74 2511:16.74 2508:64.02 2505:70.14 2501:Kareli 2478:18.29 2475:60.23 2472:64.55 2451:11.01 2445:12.29 2442:67.98 2439:68.14 2418:10.55 2412:24.02 2409:52.12 2406:60.80 2379:42.42 2376:34.53 2373:31.66 2352:46.50 2346:16.09 2343:26.43 2340:53.68 2319:14.86 2313:19.77 2310:50.63 2307:67.43 2280:16.55 2277:63.25 2274:52.07 2247:10.03 2244:72.69 2241:39.42 2237:Tsalka 2211:81.49 2208:51.03 2178:83.09 2175:64.72 2145:89.23 2142:63.22 2115:11.55 2112:70.62 2109:57.34 2082:31.54 2079:42.17 2076:46.63 2055:26.67 2049:13.60 2046:44.80 2043:56.23 2022:10.42 2016:24.28 2013:47.19 2010:51.35 1986:10.79 1983:27.18 1980:48.14 1977:58.57 1973:Telavi 1953:12.81 1950:23.61 1947:49.70 1944:65.42 1917:22.91 1914:53.98 1911:60.91 1890:10.86 1887:18.40 1884:24.28 1881:38.80 1878:54.96 1851:20.21 1848:59.36 1845:70.79 1821:19.89 1818:21.37 1815:40.12 1812:59.53 1788:11.54 1785:22.45 1782:49.95 1779:60.94 1758:10.44 1752:35.74 1749:33.82 1746:48.03 1742:Gldani 1719:40.84 1716:29.67 1713:52.89 1686:46.26 1683:31.31 1680:61.34 1676:Didube 1653:44.86 1650:28.92 1647:52.14 1620:33.20 1617:37.56 1614:49.71 1590:12.47 1587:34.79 1584:33.73 1581:47.61 1554:28.25 1551:50.76 1548:55.03 1521:47.76 1518:27.11 1515:56.62 1488:48.54 1485:28.35 1482:61.64 1455:44.77 1452:29.28 1449:64.15 1372:100.00 1358:45,389 1335:100.00 1303:15,249 1285:79,747 1107:, and 956:Russia 874:police 554:mkhare 327:  308:  293:  286:  279:  251:6.64% 248:7.27% 219:Party 169:54.73% 137:Party 4973:(PDF) 4966:(PDF) 4075:Notes 4003:Kurta 3975:66.20 3971:7.24 3968:2.67 3965:2.08 3962:1.41 3944:80.58 3940:2.28 3937:1.84 3934:1.84 3931:1.78 3928:5.84 3911:82.21 3907:2.13 3904:1.28 3901:0.98 3898:0.76 3895:6.32 3880:49.86 3876:1.69 3873:2.43 3870:3.84 3867:8.74 3854:Khulo 3847:21.89 3843:5.34 3840:1.77 3837:6.76 3814:54.67 3810:2.12 3807:2.55 3804:4.41 3801:6.81 3781:28.65 3777:4.35 3774:1.73 3771:5.04 3748:38.50 3744:2.44 3741:2.69 3738:4.68 3711:5.71 3708:3.65 3705:4.70 3682:10.80 3678:7.09 3675:4.80 3672:4.68 3669:8.67 3649:52.80 3645:6.13 3642:2.32 3639:3.89 3636:4.08 3616:62.60 3612:5.90 3609:2.86 3606:3.13 3603:2.47 3583:56.52 3579:7.87 3576:2.88 3573:2.52 3570:2.91 3550:43.88 3546:4.01 3543:3.30 3540:3.18 3537:4.87 3524:Khobi 3517:52.65 3513:6.97 3510:2.53 3507:2.91 3504:4.00 3484:61.83 3480:2.25 3477:3.24 3474:3.92 3471:3.84 3451:43.44 3447:5.79 3444:2.65 3441:4.32 3438:5.02 3414:2.06 3411:3.61 3408:4.20 3381:4.21 3378:4.75 3375:5.05 3348:6.36 3345:3.80 3342:4.27 3319:13.85 3315:4.40 3312:7.97 3309:8.50 3306:4.40 3286:43.48 3282:3.32 3279:4.56 3276:7.01 3273:3.55 3253:50.23 3249:0.63 3246:6.65 3243:6.21 3240:2.78 3220:21.96 3216:4.46 3213:3.56 3210:9.89 3207:7.13 3187:51.94 3183:2.31 3180:4.06 3177:4.36 3174:1.81 3161:Khoni 3154:27.05 3150:4.05 3147:3.98 3144:6.43 3141:3.49 3121:50.02 3117:1.86 3114:2.94 3111:5.34 3108:4.00 3088:27.28 3084:5.77 3081:4.77 3078:5.53 3075:4.73 3055:14.46 3051:4.38 3048:3.37 3045:9.21 3042:5.28 3022:24.37 3018:3.78 3015:6.13 3012:8.17 3009:2.83 2989:39.01 2985:4.10 2982:3.58 2979:7.14 2976:2.83 2956:22.62 2952:2.14 2949:3.20 2946:6.38 2943:6.46 2923:33.12 2919:1.74 2913:3.78 2890:22.08 2886:2.90 2883:4.28 2880:4.05 2857:58.82 2853:1.85 2850:6.04 2847:2.98 2844:2.61 2824:43.79 2820:3.41 2814:4.89 2811:0.41 2791:45.82 2787:1.83 2781:6.11 2778:3.52 2758:87.52 2754:2.33 2751:1.37 2748:1.16 2745:2.36 2742:2.63 2725:82.54 2721:3.87 2718:1.59 2715:0.77 2712:4.32 2709:2.59 2692:56.15 2688:5.62 2685:3.18 2682:5.86 2679:3.99 2659:68.60 2655:1.14 2652:1.86 2649:2.73 2646:4.97 2626:66.96 2622:6.18 2619:1.00 2616:1.93 2613:2.83 2589:2.08 2586:3.55 2583:7.11 2580:8.42 2560:38.24 2556:5.51 2553:3.41 2550:7.79 2547:3.37 2527:47.28 2523:3.57 2520:3.26 2517:7.50 2514:4.91 2494:41.94 2490:5.91 2487:4.55 2484:5.93 2481:5.09 2461:55.69 2457:1.51 2454:3.00 2448:4.21 2428:28.10 2424:4.32 2421:2.35 2415:6.64 2402:Kaspi 2391:2.76 2388:6.10 2385:9.83 2382:4.36 2362:20.07 2358:4.01 2355:1.53 2349:5.44 2329:30.86 2325:4.37 2322:2.14 2316:8.23 2296:46.70 2292:1.93 2289:4.89 2286:7.85 2283:5.53 2263:62.66 2259:3.84 2256:9.01 2253:2.16 2250:2.27 2230:74.47 2226:3.37 2223:1.53 2220:1.55 2217:5.04 2214:7.02 2197:75.07 2193:3.83 2190:2.02 2187:1.37 2184:1.67 2181:8.02 2164:83.66 2160:1.41 2157:2.41 2154:0.65 2151:0.73 2148:5.57 2131:59.07 2127:7.01 2124:2.30 2121:5.21 2118:3.31 2098:10.63 2094:6.50 2091:5.07 2088:8.38 2085:6.34 2065:18.13 2061:3.75 2058:3.37 2052:7.81 2032:22.91 2028:4.79 2025:3.37 2019:9.95 1999:20.96 1995:3.33 1992:3.10 1989:7.46 1966:26.09 1962:6.07 1959:1.68 1956:6.13 1933:31.07 1929:6.68 1926:1.79 1923:7.10 1920:7.54 1900:14.52 1896:4.37 1893:3.29 1867:39.15 1863:4.10 1860:3.82 1857:7.94 1854:4.57 1834:18.75 1830:5.73 1827:3.42 1824:9.47 1801:27.50 1797:6.55 1794:2.22 1791:7.29 1764:6.09 1761:4.62 1755:9.29 1735:11.17 1731:7.04 1728:4.60 1725:9.79 1722:8.06 1702:14.95 1698:4.02 1695:6.36 1692:6.03 1689:6.02 1669:15.94 1665:5.50 1662:5.15 1659:7.20 1656:8.37 1632:6.66 1629:3.87 1626:8.94 1623:9.77 1599:8.10 1596:4.05 1593:6.86 1577:Isani 1570:22.51 1566:5.24 1563:3.95 1560:5.51 1557:6.29 1537:20.65 1533:7.52 1530:6.94 1527:6.10 1524:4.57 1504:20.19 1500:7.37 1497:7.78 1494:3.88 1491:4.08 1471:15.49 1467:9.59 1464:7.35 1461:4.27 1458:4.74 1439:Lead 1383:56.19 1350:97.71 1329:Total 1321:3,242 1230:26.29 1212:54.73 1189:Votes 1186:Party 86:31.78 5497:2008 5492:2003 5487:1991 5470:2025 5464:2021 5459:2017 5454:2014 5449:2010 5444:2006 5439:2002 5434:1998 5429:1991 5424:1919 5407:2024 5401:2020 5396:2016 5391:2012 5386:2008 5381:2004 5376:2003 5371:1999 5366:1995 5361:1992 5356:1990 5351:1985 5346:1980 5341:1975 5336:1971 5331:1967 5326:1963 5321:1959 5316:1955 5311:1951 5306:1947 5301:1938 5296:1919 5278:2018 5273:2013 5268:2008 5263:2004 5258:2000 5253:1995 5248:1992 5243:1991 5142:2012 4981:2012 4890:2017 4864:2017 4838:2017 4787:2017 4578:2017 4466:2017 4279:2015 4257:2010 4227:2013 4061:The 4048:NATO 4005:and 3953:N/A 3722:Keda 3715:5.64 3656:Poti 3418:3.88 3385:5.04 3352:7.44 3095:Vani 2593:7.70 2468:Gori 2395:7.89 1768:1.92 1636:4.36 1603:1.06 1478:Vake 1361:2.29 1324:0.17 1306:0.79 1288:4.12 1268:6.64 1248:7.27 950:, a 853:NATO 630:2021 625:2017 613:2018 608:2013 596:2020 591:2016 52:2013 42:2004 3986:CEC 2765:Oni 381:UNM 366:UNM 228:SLP 141:UNM 5544:: 5069:. 4766:^ 4734:. 4611:^ 4380:. 4243:. 4218:. 4190:. 4161:. 4132:. 4043:EU 3997:^* 1141:, 919:. 840:. 681:/ 667:: 500:: 339:: 320:: 272:: 88:pp 5212:e 5205:t 5198:v 5144:. 4983:. 4892:. 4866:. 4840:. 4814:. 4789:. 4749:. 4605:. 4580:. 4530:. 4493:. 4468:. 4281:. 4259:. 4229:. 4203:. 4176:. 1192:% 1059:. 814:e 807:t 800:v 556:) 552:( 90:)

Index

2004
2013
pp


Mikheil Saakashvili
Levan Gachechiladze
UNM
National Council


Badri Patarkatsishvili
Shalva Natelashvili
Independent
SLP

Mikheil Saakashvili
UNM
Mikheil Saakashvili
UNM
Politics of Georgia

Constitution
Constitutional court
Human rights
LGBT rights
President
Salome Zourabichvili
Prime Minister
Irakli Kobakhidze

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