1996 Manchester bombing

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party in a conspiracy to cause explosions in the United Kingdom." The man denied any involvement. The Attorney General wrote in a letter to a local MP that the advice given to the CPS by an independent lawyer was that "there was not a case to answer on the evidence available ... a judge would stop the case": the Attorney General further wrote that the decision not to prosecute was not influenced by the government. The newspaper also identified the six men arrested in London on 15 July as having planned the attack. By July 2000, all six had been released under the terms of the 1998

982: 1284: 1114: 1196: 6955: 1384:, but it wasn't. It was written four years before, and yet it sounds like we were recalling that. I was actually writing about a bomb attack in Manchester, in England, which was done by the IRA at the time, and the idea that people carry out these attacks and did they really believe that, all the destruction, that it really is worth it? But, it still works, unfortunately, because we have this kind of terrorism still out there. 923:, stated that he was "shocked and saddened" by the bombing. He insisted that his party was committed to achieving a peace settlement and argued "it is sheer folly to return to the old agenda of excluding Sinn Féin and seeking to isolate republicans". On 20 June 1996, the IRA claimed responsibility for the bombing, and stated that it "sincerely regretted" causing injury to civilians. The IRA statement continued: 1256:, stated that the bomb provided the opportunity for redeveloping Manchester city centre, although it was not fully exploited. "The bomb was obviously bad but from a redevelopment point of view, it was a lost opportunity. While the area around St Ann's Square and Deansgate is not disagreeable, if you compare it with Birmingham and its exciting development, we've got nothing to touch that in Manchester". 1028:

One call was to a known IRA member. The phone was last used at 9:23 am on the morning of the bombing, just three minutes after the bombers had parked their van in Corporation Street. On 27 June, the phone's registered owner reported that it had been stolen 17 days earlier, but the police felt they had gathered enough evidence to bring a prosecution against the six IRA men held in London.

1043:(CPS), the body responsible for undertaking criminal prosecutions in England. The three may have felt that as the IRA suspects were already in police custody they were no longer a threat, or that to pursue the case against them may have jeopardised ongoing undercover operations. It was not until 1998 that the police finally sent their file to the CPS, who decided not to prosecute. 607:(GMP) had suggested it was unlikely that anyone will be charged in connection with the bombing, a suspect was arrested on 8 September 2022. The bombing has, however, been viewed by some as a "catalyst" for Manchester's mass regeneration, turning it into a modern "powerhouse" city with above-national average economic growth in the 20 years following the bombing. 39: 1134:, an insurance company; and the Arndale Centre, a shopping mall. Michael House was deemed beyond economic repair and demolished. Marks & Spencer took the opportunity to acquire and demolish the adjacent Longridge House, using the enlarged site for the world's biggest branch of the store. The company's fortunes changed during construction, and 1217:, leader of Manchester City Council, later admitted that after the 1987 General Election result "there was no get out of jail card. We had gambled on Labour winning the General Election and we lost." Thatcher's victory effectively put paid to Manchester's "socialist experiment", and Stringer shortly afterwards wrote a letter of capitulation to 1248:. The leader of the Liberal Democrat opposition on Manchester City Council, Simon Ashley, responded that "I take exception to his comments about the IRA bomb. No one who was in the city on that day, who lost their jobs or was scared witless or injured by the blast, would say the bomb was the best thing to happen to Manchester". Sir 1187:, the Deputy Prime Minister, announced an international competition for designs of the redevelopment of the bomb-affected area. Bids were received from 27 entrants, five of whom were invited to submit designs in a second round. It was announced on 5 November 1996 that the winning design was by a consortium headed by EDAW. 1064:, leaked classified Special Branch documents naming those suspected of the bombing. The documents also revealed that the man suspected of organising the attack had visited Manchester shortly after the bombing and been under covert police surveillance as he toured the devastated city centre before returning to his home in 1016:

colleagues in London were investigating a suspected IRA unit based in the capital, and wondered whether the London unit was responsible for the Manchester bombing. On 15 July, Metropolitan police arrested six men suspected of IRA membership: Donal Gannon, John Crawley, Gerard Hanratty, Robert Morrow,

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for being "struck mute" on the attack in the immediate aftermath. Bruton described the bombing as "a slap in the face to people who've been trying, against perhaps their better instincts, to give Sinn Féin a chance to show that they could persuade the IRA to reinstate the ceasefire". The President of

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One group worked to move people away from the bomb while another, assisted by firefighters and security guards, established a continuously expanding cordon around the area to prevent entry. By 11:10 am the cordon was at the greatest extent that available manpower would permit, about a quarter of

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For me the turning point for Manchester came before the bomb ... it was the second Olympic Games bid when we lost but the city suddenly had a realisation. There was a huge party in Castlefield and people grasped the idea that Manchester should no longer consider itself in competition with the

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Coming to Manchester was a journey I shall never forget. I sat on the train obviously deeply shocked and horrified. I knew that questions would be asked about what we were going to do; what is the right solution. Then I knew what the right solution was – to see this event, horrific as it was,

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named a man it described as "a prime suspect in the 1996 Manchester bomb plot". The newspaper reported that the file sent by GMP to the Crown Prosecution Service contained the sentence: "It is the opinion of the investigating officers of GMP that there is sufficient evidence to charge with being a

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On checking records of telephone calls made to the dealer, the police found that some had been made from a mobile phone registered in Ireland, and on further checking the records of that phone it appeared that the calls were made from locations consistent with the known whereabouts of the Ford van.

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into London on the Friday afternoon before the attack. It was seen again heading north along the motorway at 7:40 pm, accompanied by the Ford Granada. Detectives surmised that the van had been loaded with explosives in London and that the Granada was intended to be the getaway vehicle. The van

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At 10:00 am, there were an estimated 75,000–80,000 people shopping and working in the vicinity. An evacuation of the area was undertaken by police officers from Bootle Street police station, supplemented by officers drafted into Manchester to control the football crowds. The police were helped

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base at 10:46 am and attempted to defuse the bomb using a remote-controlled device, but they were unable to defuse the bomb, resulting in the timer expiring and functioning the device. The bomb exploded at 11:17 am, causing an estimated £700 million (£1.7 billion as of 2023) of

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Several buildings were damaged beyond repair and had to be demolished, while many more were closed for months for structural repairs. Most of the rebuilding work was completed by the end of 1999, at a cost of £1.2 billion, although redevelopment continued until 2005. The perpetrators have not

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and his government, by the opposition, and by individual members of parliament (MPs) as a "sickening", "callous" and "barbaric" terrorist attack. Early on, Major stated that, "This explosion looks like the work of the IRA. It is the work of a few fanatics and ... causes absolute revulsion in

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to encourage shoppers and visitors back into the city centre, the first of a "series of events and entertainments". The Euro '96 football match between Russia and Germany at Old Trafford went ahead as planned the day following the bombing, after the stadium had been heavily guarded overnight and

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About twelve buildings in the immediate vicinity of the explosion were severely damaged. Overall, 530,000 square feet (49,000 m) of retail space and 610,000 square feet (57,000 m) of office space were put out of use. Insurers paid out £411 million (£1 billion as of 2023) in

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The British Government has spent the last 22 months since August '94 trying to force the surrender of IRA weapons and the defeat of the republican struggle. We are still prepared to enhance the democratic peace process ... but if there is to be a lasting peace ... then the British

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multiple bombings took place in Manchester and other English cities. In 1973 and 1974, firebombs damaged city centre businesses for which one man was later imprisoned. In April 1974, a bomb exploded at Manchester Magistrates' Court, injuring twelve. In 1975, IRA bomb factories were found in

1024:, who had in turn sold the van on to a man calling himself Tom Fox, two weeks before the bombing. After the purchase price was delivered in cash by a taxi driver, the dealer was instructed to take the van to a nearby lorry park, and leave it there with the keys and documents hidden inside. 1017:

Patrick Martin, and Francis Rafferty. Each was tried and convicted of "conspiracy to cause explosions at National Grid electricity stations", and sentenced to 35 years in jail. Police in Manchester meanwhile worked to establish if the men were also responsible for the Manchester bomb.

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The bombing came five days after the beginning of the peace talks in Belfast, and represented the IRA's opposition to talks which excluded republicans. The attack was part of a political strategy by the IRA to be included in negotiations on the IRA's own terms. According to historian

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Much of the 1960s redevelopment of Manchester's city centre was unpopular with residents. Market Street, near the explosion and at that time the second-busiest shopping street in the UK, was considered by some commentators a "fearful" place, to be "avoided like the plague". Until

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The first policeman to arrive on the scene noticed wires running from the van's dashboard through a hole into the back and reported that he had found the bomb. Forensic experts later estimated that the bomb weighed 1,500–1,600 kg (3,300–3,500 lb) and was a mixture of

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Up until September 2022, Panter and Mutch were the only people to have been arrested in connection with the bombing. Mutch was tried for "misconduct in a public office" during an 11-day trial held in January 2002 but was acquitted. During the trial, Panter was found in

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votes, then began insisting that the IRA must fully disarm before there could be any all-party negotiations. The IRA saw this as a demand for total surrender and believed the British were unwilling to hold negotiations. It ended its ceasefire on 9 February 1996 when it

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that survived the blast, despite being yards from the explosion, now carries a small brass plaque recording the bombing. It was removed during construction and redevelopment work, and returned to its original spot when Corporation Street reopened. The plaque reads:

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Efforts at improvement before the bombing had in some respects made matters worse, cutting off the area north of the Arndale Centre – the exterior of which was widely unloved – from the rest of the city centre. A large building nearby, now redeveloped as

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newspaper, had been unoccupied since 1987. Many locals therefore considered that "the bomb was the best thing that ever happened to Manchester", as it cleared the way for redevelopment of the dysfunctional city centre, a view also expressed in 2007 by

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were unable to defuse the bomb in time. More than 200 people were injured, but there were no fatalities despite the strength of the bomb, which has been largely credited to the rapid response of emergency services in evacuating the city centre.

1264:, has been quoted as saying "people say the bomb turned out to be a great thing for Manchester. That's rubbish." There was already substantial regeneration and redevelopment taking place in the city centre before the bombing, in support of the 1175:

condition in the lease to evict all tenants, and the building was converted into a shopping centre. The dome of the Royal Exchange shifted in the blast; its reconstruction took two and a half years and cost £32 million, paid for by the

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statistics, an estimated 400 businesses within half a mile (0.8 km) of the blast were affected, 40% of which did not recover. The heaviest damage was sustained by the three buildings nearest the bomb: Michael House, comprising a

937:: "What they were doing with their return to bombings like the Manchester bomb was saying, 'We can still return to war if we want to. We can still put off a huge bomb in your cities and devastate them and therefore you have to deal with us 631:. It believed that by damaging the economy and causing severe disruption, it could pressure the British government to negotiate a withdrawal from Northern Ireland. Manchester had been the target of earlier IRA bombs. As part of the IRA's 859:

which rose 300 metres (1,000 feet) from the ground. The explosion could be heard up to 15 miles (24 km) away and left a crater 15 metres wide. Glass and masonry were thrown into the air, and behind the police cordon – up to

680:, one of the two financial districts of London. The blast killed two people and caused an estimated £150 million worth of damage. The IRA then planted five other devices in London within the space of 10 weeks. 1092:

for refusing to reveal his source, an offence punishable by a term of imprisonment without the right of appeal. GMP announced in 2006 that there was no realistic chance of convicting those responsible for the bombing.

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Manchester Council believed that Manchester's regeneration should be funded solely by public money, despite the government's insistence on only funding schemes with a significant element of private investment.

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match was scheduled to take place in Manchester the following day. The IRA sent telephoned warnings about 90 minutes before the bomb detonated. At least 75,000 people were evacuated from the region, but the

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This postbox remained standing almost undamaged on June 15th 1996 when this area was devastated by a bomb. The box was removed during the rebuilding of the city centre and was returned to its original site

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financial district, though the 3,300-pound bomb of Manchester was three times the size of the Docklands bomb. The Manchester bombing was condemned by the British and Irish Governments and US President

761:, a GMP helicopter, showing the Ford van moments before the blast, the explosion taking place, and the resulting mushroom cloud over the city, dwarfing the adjacent 23-storey high-rise, Arndale House. 648:

in Manchester city centre, forcing police to evacuate thousands of shoppers. More than 60 were hurt by shattered glass and the blasts cost an estimated £10 million in damage and business losses.

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for what was at the time one of the most expensive man-made disasters ever, and there was considerable under-insurance. Victims of the bombing received a total of £1,145,971 in compensation from the

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Although Manchester had been targeted by the IRA before, it had not been subjected to an attack on this scale. In February 1996, the IRA had ended its seventeen-month ceasefire with a large

2496: 1414: 956:. There were ultimately only a few incidents, the most serious of which occurred on the evening of the bombing, when a gang of ten men rampaged through an Irish-themed bar in the centre of 162: 3030: 2729: 1547: 1783: 773:. After setting the bomb's timer, two men—wearing hooded jackets, baseball caps and sunglasses—left the vehicle and walked to Cathedral Street, where a third man picked them up in a 3878: 155: 855:

connecting it to the Arndale Centre were destroyed, along with neighbouring buildings. It was the largest peacetime bomb ever detonated in Great Britain, and the blast created a

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and gave an IRA codeword so that police would know the threat was genuine. Four other telephoned warnings were sent to television/radio stations, newspapers, and a hospital.

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I remember I wrote the song "One Man's Fool", which was on the Calling All Stations album . If anybody hears it now, they would assume that that lyric was referring to the

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on 8 September on suspicion of terrorism offences and was interviewed by officers from Counter Terrorism Policing for the North West, before being released without charge.

919:, stated he was "deeply outraged by the bomb explosion" and joined Bruton and Major in "utterly condemning this brutal and cowardly act of terrorism". Sinn Féin President, 874:

blasted out of shop windows were mistaken for bodies. Hospitals across Greater Manchester were made ready to receive those injured in the blast. The police commandeered a

1628: 1280:(North West), agreed with Bernstein that the bomb attack was not the trigger for the large-scale redevelopment that has taken place in Manchester since the early 1990s: 797:

received a telephone call claiming that there was a bomb at the corner of Corporation Street and Cannon Street and that it would explode in one hour. The caller had an

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Their investigation was led by Detective Chief Inspector Gordon Mutch of the GMP. The van's last registered owner told police that he had sold it to a dealer in

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footage from every major road and motorway taken in England within two days of the bombing. Footage revealed that the van was driven south along the

1862: 886:, and many others were treated in the streets by ambulance crews assisted by doctors and nurses who happened to be in the city centre that morning. 4207: 2486: 2432: 1500: 964:

slogan "No surrender" and smashing furniture and windows. Seven days after the bombing, Manchester Council held a 'family fun day' in front of the

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flashing. Within three minutes a traffic warden had issued the vehicle with a parking ticket and called for its removal. At about 9:40 am,

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store in the interim. The frontage of the Arndale was badly damaged and was remodelled when this area of the city centre was redeveloped.

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The IRA planned to carry out a similar bombing in Manchester. The city may have been chosen because it was one of the host cities of the

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New security safeguards were included in the redevelopment of the city centre including retractable bollards and pedestrianised streets.

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Rebuilding Manchester – Comprehensive online resource with over 1,000 photographs illustrating the rebuilding of Manchester City Centre

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In an effort to allay fears that Manchester's considerable Irish community might be subjected to reprisal attacks, Councillors

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Government must put the democratic rights of all of the people of Ireland before its own party political self interest.

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Craig, Ian (21 May 1999), "We named the right suspect – Why we didn't prosecute McCann, by attorney general",

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In September 2022, a man was arrested in connection with the bombing. According to GMP, the suspect was held at

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as an opportunity and, no mucking about, we must do things on the grand scale and to the best quality we can.

1039:(RUC), it was decided, for reasons never made public, not to present the findings of the investigation to the 6428: 6211: 5586: 5188: 4963: 4903: 4501: 4398: 4346: 4105: 3853: 957: 571: 401: 1183:

The possibility of rebuilding parts of the city centre was raised within days of the bomb. On 26 June 1996,

546:. It targeted the city's infrastructure and economy and caused significant damage, estimated by insurers at 7020: 6889: 6666: 6477: 6148: 5937: 5902: 4649: 4423: 4247: 4000: 2437: 765:

At about 9:20 am on Saturday 15 June 1996, the Ford van was parked on Corporation Street, outside the

406: 311: 231: 817:, a cheap and easily obtainable explosive used extensively by the IRA. Components of what may have been a 6903: 6683: 6617: 6085: 6022: 5841: 5711: 5495: 5480: 5331: 4923: 4630: 4556: 4486: 4453: 4050: 3925: 1944: 1688: 1230: 786: 466: 426: 2277: 6896: 6882: 6761: 6704: 6554: 5874: 5800: 5637: 5555: 5367: 4481: 4341: 4311: 4184: 4065: 4055: 3178: 1166: 883: 652: 416: 369: 5814: 4615: 3605: 491: 6754: 6232: 5707: 5563: 5550: 5500: 4620: 4438: 4413: 4217: 4164: 4080: 4075: 3895: 1241: 1162: 1040: 1036: 986: 969: 604: 271: 5128: 4933: 4918: 1305:. It was now up against Barcelona, Los Angeles and Sydney and its aspirations increased accordingly. 695:

in Manchester a day after the bombing. The year before, Manchester had also won its bid to host the

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damage and affecting a third of the city centre's retail space. The Marks & Spencer's and the

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carefully searched; the game, which Germany won 3–0, was watched by a capacity crowd of 50,700.

147: 6596: 6568: 6309: 6155: 5867: 5576: 5445: 5250: 4625: 4595: 4383: 4331: 4242: 4202: 4140: 4005: 3935: 3838: 703: 687:, attended by visitors and media organisations from all over Europe, guaranteeing the IRA what 677: 588: 532: 476: 349: 236: 201: 5153: 1659:"Irish, US presidents condemn IRA bombing in Manchester as news casts shadow over state visit" 1032: 6747: 6638: 6540: 6484: 6421: 6330: 6197: 6120: 5630: 4566: 4506: 4336: 4179: 4120: 4090: 4010: 3955: 3802: 3079: 1409: 1369: 1110:; one individual received £146,524, the largest amount awarded as a result of this incident. 774: 742: 672: 668: 375: 321: 296: 276: 38: 6624: 3372: 2971: 2812: 2786: 1744: 1715: 1572: 898:

John Major, Prime Minister of Great Britain and Northern Ireland at the time of the bombing.

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on condition that the IRA called a ceasefire. The IRA called a ceasefire on 31 August 1994.

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was tasked with planning and carrying out the attack. It had also been responsible for the

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A damaged traffic light that stood on the corner of the junction between Cross Street and

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to England. In London, the bomb was assembled and loaded into the back of a red and white

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Lesser, Ian; Hoffman, Bruce; Arquilla, John; Ronfeldt, David; Zanini, Michele (1999),

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but were barred because the IRA had not resumed its ceasefire or agreed to disarm.

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was carrying out an armed campaign with the ultimate objective of bringing about a

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that withstood the bomb blast. A memorial brass plaque commemorates the 1996 bomb.

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a mile (400 m) from the truck and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in circumference.

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called the "oxygen of publicity". A Russia vs Germany match was to take place at

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in Manchester, a GMP assistant chief constable and a "senior officer" from the

856: 741:. On 14 June it was driven north towards Manchester, accompanied by a burgundy 702:

On 10 June 1996, multi-party negotiations began in Belfast. Sinn Féin had been

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million (equivalent to £1.3 billion in 2023), a sum surpassed only by the

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Ball, Graham; Cusick, James; Routledge, Paul; Castle, Stephen (16 June 1996),

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subsequently co-occupied the building; Marks & Spencer leased part of the

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respectively – made a public visit to the Irish World Heritage Centre in

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were also found later, designed to detonate the bomb if it was tampered with.

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in which it claimed responsibility but regretted causing injury to civilians.

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Nott, Andrew (28 July 2000), "How cash lost in post linked gang with bomb",

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towards Manchester at 8:31 am on the morning of the explosion.

2487:"The Manchester Bombing: London and Dublin unite against Sinn Féin" 1330:

A Thanksgiving service for the "Miracle of Manchester" was held at

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Panter, Steve (21 April 1999), "We name Manchester bomb suspect",

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store and a six-storey office block; Longridge House, offices for

5455: 2518:"Statement on the Terrorist Attack in Manchester, United Kingdom" 2155:"Bomb Believed Set by the I.R.A. Leaves 200 Hurt in British City" 1103: 1069: 996:

In an effort to trace the route of the Ford van, police examined

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The enterprising city centre: Manchester's development challenge

882:, which treated 79 in total; a further 80 were cared for at the 5622: 5336: 3221: 3154: 3142: 1840: 806: 731: 632: 596: 2787:"Manchester IRA 1996 bomb: Man arrested at Birmingham Airport" 1776:"Twenty years since the bomb and Manchester's property market" 1745:"Manchester IRA 1996 bomb: Man arrested at Birmingham Airport" 3476: 2939: 2722:"IRA team who planned terror blitz on capital given 35 years" 2369:

IRA: The Bombs and The Bullets. A History of Deadly Ingenuity

2225: 2214:

IRA: The Bombs and The Bullets. A History of Deadly Ingenuity

1990:

IRA: The Bombs and The Bullets. A History of Deadly Ingenuity

1208:'s third consecutive election victory in 1987, the staunchly 595:. Five days after the blast, the IRA issued a statement from 3611:

Manchester Evening News image gallery related to the bombing

2472:, publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved on 24 December 2006. 3197: 1169:

were blown in. The landlord of the Corn Exchange invoked a

997: 814: 3329: 2927: 1629:"The 999 heroes who made sure nobody died in the IRA bomb" 1573:"Manchester IRA bomb: Terror blast remembered 20 years on" 1058:

Early in 1999, Steve Panter, chief crime reporter for the

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House of Commons Hansard Debate for 19 Jun 1996 (pt. 38)

3353: 3209: 2843: 2831: 640:, and five men were imprisoned for planning attacks in 907:

Ireland as it does here". Sinn Féin was criticised by

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on 24 July 2002, to coincide with the arrival of the

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and Martin Pagel – leader and deputy leader of

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The bombing was condemned by British Prime Minister

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Ceasefires of the Provisional IRA, UVF, UDA and RHC

3341: 3257: 3130: 2951: 2743: 2071: 1598:"A look back at the 1996 IRA bombing in Manchester" 3456: 3302: 3300: 3245: 3174:"Royal Exchange Manchester – Theatre History" 2698: 2674: 2313: 2029: 1806:"Manchester's remarkable rise from the IRA rubble" 1481: 7011:Terrorist incidents in the United Kingdom in 1996 2257: 2134: 726:in 1993. Its members mixed the explosives in the 6972: 3526: 3227: 3160: 3148: 3112: 2876:"Senior officers wanted the arrest of suspect", 2720:Streeter, Michael; Boggan, Steve (3 July 1997), 2485:Brown, Colin; McKittrick, David (17 June 1996), 538:, England. It was the biggest bomb detonated in 3297: 2484: 2330: 2328: 2199:The Routledge Companion to UK Counter Terrorism 1501:"Most Expensive Terrorist Attacks In The World" 3021:"£411m cost after Manchester bomb sets record" 3002: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2719: 1913:"'Forgotten' IRA bomb 25th anniversary marked" 1350:to mark the tenth anniversary of the bombing. 5638: 3643: 2011:1996: Huge explosion rocks central Manchester 163: 3508: 3335: 2945: 2933: 2522:Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents 2325: 1005:was last recorded travelling east along the 678:detonated a powerful truck bomb in Docklands 7051:Filmed improvised explosive device bombings 4061:Carlton Tower & Portman Hotel shootings 3624:Prepared by Planning Consultant Euan Kellie 3606:Flickr image gallery related to the bombing 3509:Lester, Sarah; Panter, Steve, eds. (2006), 2993: 1939: 1937: 1415:Timeline of Provisional IRA actions (1990s) 1266:Manchester bid for the 2000 Summer Olympics 1190: 1012:Police in Manchester were aware that their 5645: 5631: 4429:Paddington & Victoria station bombings 3650: 3636: 2129:Bandit Country: The IRA & South Armagh 2120: 2118: 1992:. Irish Academic Press, 2009. pp.128–130. 1626: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1527: 1525: 1456: 1454: 1452: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1440: 1031:At a meeting attended by the commander of 170: 156: 3571:Bartlett, Thomas; Jeffery, Keith (1997), 3403:"Tony Banks : Songwriter Interviews" 3108: 3106: 3018: 2884: 2338:inflation figures are based on data from 2047: 1420:Timeline of the Northern Ireland Troubles 1272:, chairman of property development group 989:at the time of the explosion, now in the 709: 267:Carlton Tower and Portman Hotel shootings 67:Corporation Street Manchester city centre 7026:Battles and conflicts without fatalities 3601:BBC image gallery related to the bombing 3544: 3215: 3124: 3006: 2480: 2478: 2050:"Manchester Stadium Plan for 2002 Games" 1934: 1773: 1570: 1537: 1282: 1194: 1117:Close to the location of the blast, 2009 1112: 1108:Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority 980: 893: 752: 2237: 2152: 2115: 1656: 1566: 1564: 1522: 1437: 1358:"One Man's Fool", the closing track on 1309: 589:truck bomb attack on London's Docklands 7061:Economic history of the United Kingdom 7016:June 1996 events in the United Kingdom 6973: 6009:Northern Ireland civil rights movement 5787:Irish People's Liberation Organisation 4228:Hyde Park & Regent's Park bombings 3436: 3103: 2969: 2861: 2551:"Peace still has a chance, says Adams" 2387: 1980: 1974: 1957:from the original on 16 September 2011 1835:Political Violence in Northern Ireland 1803: 1713: 1695:from the original on 16 September 2011 1608:from the original on 12 September 2018 1223:Secretary of State for the Environment 5626: 3718:Chronology of Provisional IRA actions 3631: 3400: 3275: 3050: 2890: 2793:from the original on 9 September 2022 2532:from the original on 10 February 2010 2475: 2339: 2290:from the original on 10 November 2012 2246:from the original on 24 December 2011 2240:"The Cheap and Easy Recipe for Bombs" 2060:from the original on 11 November 2012 1884:"1992: Bomb explosions in Manchester" 1816:from the original on 12 February 2018 1470:from the original on 22 February 2013 1353: 878:tram to take 50 of the casualties to 830:by security guards from local shops. 563:At the time, England was hosting the 151: 5327:South Armagh Republican Action Force 4404:Honourable Artillery Company bombing 3529:Manchester: an architectural history 3497:from the original on 7 February 2021 3454: 3359: 3347: 3263: 3251: 3239: 3203: 3136: 2957: 2919: 2849: 2837: 2773: 2761: 2749: 2707: 2692: 2680: 2668: 2594:from the original on 7 February 2021 2499:from the original on 4 November 2012 2419: 2319: 2307: 2263: 2140: 2077: 2035: 1639:from the original on 17 October 2017 1561: 1487: 7041:Provisional IRA bombings in England 6769:Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party 4512:Forensic Science Laboratory bombing 3383:from the original on 5 October 2007 2615:. Irish Academic Press, 2006. p.203 2563:from the original on 11 August 2016 2216:. Irish Academic Press, 2009. p.131 1786:from the original on 17 August 2016 1538:Williams, Jennifer (15 June 2016), 1395:List of terrorist incidents in 1996 13: 6810:Social Democratic and Labour Party 6803:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland 3971:King's Cross & Euston bombings 3564: 3373:"Memorial service marks 1996 bomb" 3092:from the original on 20 April 2008 2626:The IRA: The Irish Republican Army 2402:from the original on 11 April 2010 2104:from the original on 17 April 2011 2091:"Chronology of the Conflict: 1996" 1837:. Greenwood Publishing, 1997. p.20 1774:Smithers, Dominic (15 June 2016), 1669:from the original on 25 April 2023 1571:Jahangir, Rumeana (15 June 2016), 777:car, which was later abandoned in 505:Assassinations during the Troubles 412:Paddington & Victoria bombings 212:King's Cross & Euston bombings 14: 7072: 7046:Terrorist incidents in Manchester 7031:Car and truck bombings in England 6981:1996 crimes in the United Kingdom 3743:Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape 3659:Provisional Irish Republican Army 3589: 3527:Parkinson-Bailey, John J (2000), 2972:"Manchester bombers escape trial" 2819:from the original on 15 June 2024 2732:from the original on 25 June 2010 2445:from the original on 10 June 2015 2433:"Major blasts 'barbaric bombers'" 2167:from the original on 27 June 2010 2131:. Coronet Books, 2000. pp.343–344 2018:from the original on 7 March 2008 1923:from the original on 15 June 2024 1894:from the original on 7 March 2008 1853:"Context: A quest for real peace" 1755:from the original on 15 June 2024 1716:"Manchester bombers escape trial" 1627:Scheerhout, John (15 June 2016), 1579:from the original on 13 July 2018 1550:from the original on 14 June 2016 1096: 880:North Manchester General Hospital 730:and shipped them by freight from 617:Provisional Irish Republican Army 521:Provisional Irish Republican Army 519:was an attack carried out by the 340:Hyde & Regent's Park bombings 184:in Britain and continental Europe 16:Provisional IRA attack in England 6954: 6953: 6698:Irish Republican Socialist Party 6513:Sean Graham bookmakers' shooting 5652: 5363:Continuity Irish Republican Army 4238:Royal Artillery Barracks bombing 3778:Armalite and ballot box strategy 3618:A further report of the bombing. 3413:from the original on 9 July 2019 3033:from the original on 22 May 2010 3019:Sengupata, Kim (28 March 1997), 2982:from the original on 7 July 2006 2970:Atkins, Rebecca (15 June 2006), 2371:. Irish Academic Press, p. 132. 2096:Conflict Archive on the Internet 1726:from the original on 7 July 2006 1714:Atkins, Rebecca (15 June 2006), 1511:from the original on 23 May 2017 976: 37: 6719:Republican Socialist Collective 6506:Sinn Féin Headquarters shooting 5756:Irish republican paramilitaries 4026:British Airways bombing attempt 3531:, Manchester University Press, 3429: 3394: 3365: 3314:, 15 March 2007, archived from 3276:Eaton, Andrew (12 April 2008), 3269: 3166: 3072: 3044: 3012: 2963: 2913: 2898: 2869: 2855: 2815:. BBC News. 10 September 2022. 2805: 2779: 2713: 2651:from the original on 5 May 2016 2631: 2618: 2605: 2574: 2543: 2510: 2456: 2425: 2381: 2361: 2269: 2231: 2204: 2191: 2178: 2146: 2083: 2041: 1945:"IRA Admits Manchester Bombing" 1905: 1876: 1827: 1804:Bounds, Andrew (14 June 2016), 1797: 1767: 1737: 1707: 1689:"IRA Admits Manchester Bombing" 1368:, was inspired by the bombing. 781:. The truck had been parked on 745:which served as a "scout car". 6996:Car and truck bombings in 1996 6394:IRA attacks in the Netherlands 6149:Dublin & Monaghan bombings 6142:Ulster Workers' Council strike 5917:Ulster Volunteer Service Corps 5858:Ulster loyalist paramilitaries 4449:Musgrave Park Hospital bombing 3798:Northern Ireland peace process 3575:, Cambridge University Press, 3053:"IRA Bomb Victims Share GBP1M" 2789:. BBC News. 9 September 2022. 2613:The Provisional IRA in England 2388:Cusick, James (17 June 1996), 2238:Fleming, Nic (31 March 2004), 2153:Darnton, John (16 June 1996), 2048:Rowbottom, Mike (3 May 1995), 1861:, 13 June 2006, archived from 1681: 1650: 1620: 1590: 1493: 991:Museum of Science and Industry 644:. On 3 December 1992, the IRA 1: 7036:Political violence in England 6429:Attack on Derryard checkpoint 4399:London Stock Exchange bombing 3573:A Military History of Ireland 3459:Detonation: Rebirth of a City 3308:"Labour MP in IRA bomb gaffe" 2639:"Manchester bomb: no justice" 1657:Carroll, Joe (17 June 1996). 1425: 1233:and formerly occupied by the 824: 610: 402:London Stock Exchange bombing 7056:Building bombings in England 6478:Downing Street mortar attack 6443:South Armagh sniper campaign 6240:Jonesborough Gazelle downing 5938:Woodvale Defence Association 5903:Ulster Protestant Volunteers 4424:Downing Street mortar attack 4248:Ballygawley land mine attack 3996:Houses of Parliament bombing 3738:Improvised tactical vehicles 3480:Countering the New Terrorism 3127:, pp. 86–87, 183–7, 218 2438:Lancashire Evening Telegraph 1430: 1156:, then-Deputy Prime Minister 837: 748: 685:Euro '96 football tournament 633:sabotage campaign in 1939-40 407:Downing Street mortar attack 7: 6086:Abercorn Restaurant bombing 5842:Direct Action Against Drugs 5822:Irish Revolutionary Brigade 5712:Ulster Special Constabulary 5481:William "Frenchie" Marchant 5332:Direct Action Against Drugs 4924:Antoine Mac Giolla Bhrighde 4631:1997 Northern Ireland riots 4454:Crumlin Road Prison bombing 4268:RUC Birches barracks attack 4111:Walton's Restaurant bombing 4051:Telephone exchange bombings 3911:Scottish soldiers' killings 3513:, Manchester Evening News, 3051:Rooth, Ben (14 June 2006), 2367:Oppenheimer, A. R. (2009). 1388: 889: 815:ammonium nitrate fertiliser 10: 7077: 6762:Progressive Unionist Party 6705:Communist Party of Ireland 6555:Downing Street Declaration 6212:Reavey and O'Dowd killings 5875:Ulster Defence Association 5368:Real Irish Republican Army 4611:Hammersmith Bridge bombing 4312:Glamorgan barracks bombing 4106:Scott's Oyster Bar bombing 4056:1974 Oxford Street bombing 4036:London pillar box bombings 3545:Williams, Gwyndaf (2003), 3179:Royal Exchange, Manchester 2946:Lester & Panter (2006) 2934:Lester & Panter (2006) 1382:bombing of the Twin Towers 1268:, its second Olympic bid. 884:Manchester Royal Infirmary 653:Downing Street Declaration 603:been caught, and although 498: 370:Glamorgan barracks bombing 6823: 6792: 6755:Democratic Unionist Party 6735: 6664: 6655: 6401:Aughanduff Lynx shootdown 6233:La Mon restaurant bombing 6065:Balmoral showroom bombing 5989: 5947: 5855: 5831: 5753: 5722: 5708:Royal Ulster Constabulary 5678: 5669: 5660: 5376: 5355: 5309: 5247: 4643: 4621:Thiepval barracks bombing 4517:Stoke Newington Road bomb 4462: 4439:Glenanne barracks bombing 4414:RFA Fort Victoria bombing 4379:Downpatrick roadside bomb 4355: 4263:Enniskillen mortar attack 4193: 4165:La Mon restaurant bombing 3921:Balmoral showroom bombing 3886: 3877: 3811: 3665: 3596:BBC report of the bombing 3088:, BBC News, 15 May 2004, 2582:"Text of IRA's statement" 2242:, Telegraph Media Group, 2188:. Phillimore, 2003. p.228 1338:baton, attended by Queen 1041:Crown Prosecution Service 1037:Royal Ulster Constabulary 646:detonated two small bombs 605:Greater Manchester Police 191: 138: 128: 104: 61: 51: 36: 28: 23: 7006:1996 in economic history 6991:1996 in Northern Ireland 6712:Irish Independence Party 6667:Irish republican parties 6576:Crossmaglen Lynx downing 6380:Milltown Cemetery attack 6268:Republican hunger strike 6093:Beginning of direct rule 5958:Ulster Protestant Action 5896:Loyalist Volunteer Force 4572:1993 Fivemiletown ambush 4527:Night of the Long Knives 4307:1988 Netherlands attacks 4223:Chelsea Barracks bombing 3981:1973 Westminster bombing 3906:1970 Crossmaglen bombing 3768:1981 Irish hunger strike 3336:Lester & Panter 2006 2468:12 February 2018 at the 2278:"IRA's message in blood" 1691:, Dublin, 20 June 1996, 1405:Manchester Arena bombing 1191:Subsequent redevelopment 558:1993 Bishopsgate bombing 365:1988 Netherlands attacks 327:Chelsea Barracks bombing 292:Biddy Mulligan's bombing 6925:Special Category Status 6783:Ulster Democratic Party 6738:Ulster loyalist parties 6408:Ballygawley bus bombing 6352:Remembrance Day bombing 6177:Miami Showband killings 6163:Birmingham pub bombings 5931:Protestant Action Force 5808:Republican Action Force 5693:Ulster Defence Regiment 5436:Christopher Ewart-Biggs 4616:Osnabrück mortar attack 4606:1996 Manchester bombing 4522:1992 Manchester bombing 4492:Baltic Exchange bombing 4322:Ballygawley bus bombing 4317:Inglis Barracks bombing 4131:West Ham station attack 4101:Trattoria Fiore bombing 4031:Birmingham pub bombings 4001:Tower of London bombing 3931:Donegall Street bombing 3312:Manchester Evening News 3293:(subscription required) 3149:Parkinson-Bailey (2000) 3080:"The cost of terrorism" 3068:(subscription required) 3057:Manchester Evening News 2922:Manchester Evening News 2907:Manchester Evening News 2893:Manchester Evening News 2878:Manchester Evening News 2864:Manchester Evening News 2628:. ABC-CLIO, 2012. p.137 2340:Clark, Gregory (2017). 2201:. Routledge, 2012. p.83 2186:A History of Manchester 1858:Manchester Evening News 1780:Manchester Evening News 1633:Manchester Evening News 1544:Manchester Evening News 1400:Baltic Exchange bombing 1262:Manchester City Council 1161:The glass domes of the 1077:Manchester Evening News 1061:Manchester Evening News 1053: 950:Manchester City Council 697:2002 Commonwealth Games 517:1996 Manchester bombing 501:The Troubles in Ireland 487:1996 Manchester bombing 472:Heathrow mortar attacks 442:1992 Manchester bombing 422:Baltic Exchange bombing 247:Birmingham pub bombings 232:Tower of London bombing 7001:1996 building bombings 6569:Loughinisland massacre 6366:Start of peace process 6310:Brighton hotel bombing 6156:Guildford pub bombings 5868:Ulster Volunteer Force 5386:Jeffery Stanford Agate 4919:Breandán Mac Cionnaith 4557:Finchley Road bombings 4384:Operation Conservation 4332:Clive Barracks bombing 4243:Brighton hotel bombing 4203:Dunmurry train bombing 4006:Guildford pub bombings 3936:Battle at Springmartin 3896:Battle of St Matthew's 3839:Internal Security Unit 3616:The Manchester Bombing 3463:, Clear Publications, 3441:, Palgrave MacMillan, 3206:, pp. 129–30, 143 1386: 1328: 1307: 1292: 1200: 1150: 1132:Royal and Sun Alliance 1118: 1075:On 21 April 1999, the 993: 930: 899: 762: 710:Details of the bombing 350:Brighton hotel bombing 237:Guildford pub bombings 110:; 28 years ago 6748:Ulster Unionist Party 6639:Good Friday Agreement 6541:Shankill Road bombing 6457:Augher Lynx shootdown 6422:Deal barracks bombing 6331:Anglo-Irish Agreement 6198:Balcombe Street siege 6121:Sunningdale Agreement 5671:State security forces 4567:Shankill Road bombing 4542:Cullaville occupation 4482:London Bridge bombing 4337:Deal barracks bombing 4218:1981 Bessbrook attack 4121:Balcombe Street siege 4091:London Hilton bombing 4081:Caterham Arms bombing 4016:Brooks's Club bombing 4011:Harrow School bombing 3956:Newry customs bombing 3803:Good Friday Agreement 3228:Parkinson-Bailey 2000 3161:Parkinson-Bailey 2000 3113:Parkinson-Bailey 2000 2014:, BBC, 15 June 1996, 1466:, BBC, 21 June 2006, 1410:Oklahoma City bombing 1378: 1344:The Duke of Edinburgh 1321: 1294: 1286: 1260:, chief executive of 1198: 1145: 1116: 984: 925: 897: 756: 722:in February, and the 673:Ulster Unionist Party 417:London Bridge bombing 376:Deal barracks bombing 6932:Shoot-to-kill policy 6691:Republican Sinn Féin 6625:Second IRA ceasefire 6282:Droppin Well bombing 6191:Tullyvallen massacre 6058:McGurk's Bar bombing 5965:Ulster Service Corps 5119:Thomas "Slab" Murphy 4899:Patrick Joseph Kelly 4562:Battle of Newry Road 4532:1993 Harrods bombing 4409:Lichfield gun attack 4394:Carlton Club bombing 4389:1990 Wembley bombing 4116:Drummuckavall ambush 4086:Tullyvallen massacre 4021:Woolwich pub bombing 3869:Balcombe Street Gang 3859:South Armagh Brigade 3834:IRA Southern Command 3829:IRA Northern Command 3437:Coogan, Tim (2002), 2226:Lesser et al. (1999) 2197:Staniforth, Andrew. 1810:Financial Times (FT) 1751:. 9 September 2022. 1703:– via LA Times 1507:, 21 February 2017, 1365:Calling All Stations 1348:Manchester Cathedral 1332:Manchester Cathedral 1310:Memorials and legacy 1278:Arts Council England 716:South Armagh Brigade 704:elected to take part 570:championships and a 467:Finchley Rd bombings 452:1993 Harrods bombing 437:Stoke Newington bomb 317:Glasgow pub bombings 242:Woolwich pub bombing 89:53.48361°N 2.24333°W 7021:1990s in Manchester 6841:Irish republicanism 6534:Bishopsgate bombing 6527:Warrington bombings 6324:Newry mortar attack 6051:Operation Demetrius 5924:Down Orange Welfare 5700:Force Research Unit 5347:Troops Out Movement 5294:Freddie Scappaticci 4601:Aldwych bus bombing 4552:Bishopsgate bombing 4537:Warrington bombings 4497:Sussex Arms bombing 4487:Staples Cnr bombing 4434:Mullacreevie ambush 4374:South Armagh sniper 4327:Jonesborough ambush 4273:Rheindahlen bombing 4253:Newry mortar attack 4208:Lough Foyle attacks 4066:Mountainview attack 4041:Talbot Arms bombing 3966:Honey Trap killings 3864:East Tyrone Brigade 3844:Active service unit 3708:Haughey arms crisis 3511:The Manchester bomb 1919:, 3 December 2017, 1890:, 3 December 1992, 1463:Countdown to terror 1128:Marks & Spencer 1014:Metropolitan Police 915:the United States, 846:arrived from their 809:, a military-grade 783:double yellow lines 767:Marks & Spencer 728:Republic of Ireland 724:Bishopsgate bombing 560:, also by the IRA. 462:Bishopsgate bombing 447:Warrington bombings 432:Sussex Arms bombing 427:Staples Cnr bombing 355:Rheindahlen bombing 312:Airey Neave killing 257:Talbot Arms bombing 252:Pillar box bombings 217:Westminster bombing 85: / 6911:Punishment attacks 6684:Official Sinn Féin 6604:Manchester bombing 6548:Greysteel massacre 6387:Corporals killings 6296:Maze Prison escape 6254:Warrenpoint ambush 6219:Kingsmill massacre 6184:Bayardo Bar attack 6114:Old Bailey bombing 6107:Operation Motorman 5910:Ulster Third Force 5476:Baroness Brabourne 4914:Proinsias Mac Airt 4849:John Francis Green 4288:Corporals killings 4258:Ballygawley attack 4213:Glasdrumman ambush 4175:Warrenpoint ambush 4170:Crossmaglen ambush 4141:Store bar shooting 4126:Kingsmill massacre 4096:Piccadilly bombing 4071:Bayardo Bar attack 3976:Coleraine bombings 3961:Old Bailey bombing 3941:Battle of Lenadoon 3793:Smithwick Tribunal 3783:Punishment attacks 3773:Maze Prison escape 3455:King, Ray (2006), 3362:, pp. 148–149 2852:, pp. 166–167 2840:, pp. 163–164 2611:McGladdery, Gary. 2336:Retail Price Index 2211:Oppenheimer, A. R. 2160:The New York Times 1987:Oppenheimer, A. R. 1354:In popular culture 1336:Commonwealth Games 1326:November 22nd 1999 1293: 1201: 1119: 1048:Birmingham Airport 994: 900: 763: 757:Stills taken from 661:peace negotiations 642:North West England 638:Greater Manchester 529:Corporation Street 391:Lichfield shooting 282:Piccadilly bombing 227:Parliament bombing 207:Old Bailey bombing 94:53.48361; -2.24333 44:Corporation Street 24:Manchester bombing 6966: 6965: 6848:Irish nationalism 6819: 6818: 6776:UK Unionist Party 6657:Political parties 6597:Docklands bombing 6373:Operation Flavius 6135:M62 coach bombing 5985: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5972:Orange Volunteers 5889:Ulster Resistance 5882:Red Hand Commando 5851: 5850: 5749: 5748: 5620: 5619: 5568: 5560: 5302: 5284:Martin McGartland 5129:Ruairí Ó Brádaigh 5054:Pádraig McKearney 5049:Martin McGuinness 5024:Brendan McFarlane 4994:Raymond McCartney 4934:Seán Mac Stíofáin 4652: 4639: 4638: 4626:Coalisland attack 4596:Docklands bombing 4591:Drumcree conflict 4342:Mayobridge attack 4283:Operation Flavius 4151:Garryhinch ambush 3582:978-0-521-62989-8 3407:www.songfacts.com 3186:on 3 October 2014 2377:978-0-7165-2895-1 1998:978-0-7165-2895-1 1950:Los Angeles Times 1254:Manchester Gorton 1210:Labour-controlled 1206:Margaret Thatcher 1185:Michael Heseltine 1154:Michael Heseltine 1090:contempt of court 1082:Belfast Agreement 811:plastic explosive 720:Docklands bombing 689:Margaret Thatcher 512: 511: 477:Docklands bombing 386:Roermond killings 360:Operation Flavius 297:Balcombe St siege 222:M62 coach bombing 202:Aldershot bombing 146: 145: 108:15 June 1996 46:after the bombing 7068: 6957: 6956: 6948: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6920: 6913: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6885: 6878: 6871: 6864: 6857: 6850: 6843: 6836: 6812: 6805: 6785: 6778: 6771: 6764: 6757: 6750: 6728: 6721: 6714: 6707: 6700: 6693: 6686: 6679: 6662: 6661: 6648: 6641: 6634: 6627: 6620: 6613: 6606: 6599: 6592: 6585: 6578: 6571: 6564: 6557: 6550: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6522: 6515: 6508: 6501: 6494: 6487: 6485:Cappagh killings 6480: 6473: 6466: 6459: 6452: 6445: 6438: 6431: 6424: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6389: 6382: 6375: 6368: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6345:Loughgall ambush 6340: 6333: 6326: 6319: 6312: 6305: 6298: 6291: 6284: 6277: 6270: 6263: 6256: 6249: 6242: 6235: 6228: 6221: 6214: 6207: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6158: 6151: 6144: 6137: 6130: 6123: 6116: 6109: 6102: 6095: 6088: 6081: 6074: 6067: 6060: 6053: 6046: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6004: 5974: 5967: 5960: 5945: 5944: 5940: 5933: 5926: 5919: 5912: 5905: 5898: 5891: 5884: 5877: 5870: 5844: 5829: 5828: 5824: 5817: 5810: 5803: 5796: 5789: 5782: 5775: 5768: 5742: 5735: 5715: 5703: 5695: 5676: 5675: 5667: 5666: 5647: 5640: 5633: 5624: 5623: 5612:Michael Willetts 5566: 5558: 5556:Robert McCartney 5521:Lord Mountbatten 5496:Robert McConnell 5296: 5289:Sean O'Callaghan 5164:Diarmuid O'Neill 5154:Siobhán O'Hanlon 5144:Éamonn O'Doherty 5139:Dáithí Ó Conaill 5079:Michael McKevitt 5074:Laurence McKeown 5014:Séamus McElwaine 5004:Raymond McCreesh 4999:Martin McCaughey 4734:Carál Ní Chuilín 4664:Martina Anderson 4648: 4577:Heathrow attacks 4507:Coalisland riots 4278:Loughgall ambush 4185:Dungannon attack 4180:Brussels bombing 3926:Abercorn bombing 3916:Red Lion bombing 3884: 3883: 3824:IRA Army Council 3723:Arms importation 3652: 3645: 3638: 3629: 3628: 3585: 3559: 3541: 3523: 3505: 3504: 3502: 3473: 3462: 3451: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3398: 3392: 3391: 3390: 3388: 3379:, 15 June 2006, 3369: 3363: 3357: 3351: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3318:on 21 April 2013 3304: 3295: 3294: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3278:"City of Dreams" 3273: 3267: 3261: 3255: 3249: 3243: 3242:, pp. 84–85 3237: 3231: 3225: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3201: 3195: 3194: 3193: 3191: 3182:, archived from 3170: 3164: 3158: 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3097: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3048: 3042: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3016: 3010: 3009:, pp. 86–87 3004: 2991: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2949: 2948:, pp. 46–77 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2873: 2867: 2866: 2859: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2809: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2783: 2777: 2776:, pp. 69–71 2771: 2765: 2764:, pp. 67–69 2759: 2753: 2747: 2741: 2740: 2739: 2737: 2717: 2711: 2705: 2696: 2695:, pp. 65–66 2690: 2684: 2678: 2672: 2671:, pp. 41–44 2666: 2660: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2647:, 15 June 2006, 2635: 2629: 2624:Dingley, James. 2622: 2616: 2609: 2603: 2602: 2601: 2599: 2590:, 20 June 1996, 2578: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2559:, 17 June 1996, 2547: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2506: 2504: 2482: 2473: 2460: 2454: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2441:, 17 June 1996, 2429: 2423: 2422:, pp. 21–22 2417: 2411: 2410: 2409: 2407: 2385: 2379: 2365: 2359: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2332: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2295: 2273: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2254: 2253: 2251: 2235: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2208: 2202: 2195: 2189: 2184:Hylton, Stuart. 2182: 2176: 2175: 2174: 2172: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2122: 2113: 2112: 2111: 2109: 2087: 2081: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2067: 2065: 2045: 2039: 2033: 2027: 2026: 2025: 2023: 2006: 2000: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1964: 1962: 1953:, 20 June 1996, 1941: 1932: 1931: 1930: 1928: 1909: 1903: 1902: 1901: 1899: 1880: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1870: 1849: 1838: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1711: 1705: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1654: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1624: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1613: 1594: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1584: 1568: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1555: 1535: 1520: 1519: 1518: 1516: 1497: 1491: 1485: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1458: 1258:Howard Bernstein 1178:National Lottery 1157: 940: 869: 868: 864: 769:store, near the 655:of 1993 allowed 625:Northern Ireland 555: 552: 544:Second World War 492:Osnabrück attack 322:Brussels bombing 287:Walton's bombing 272:Caterham bombing 186: 185: 172: 165: 158: 149: 148: 129:Executed by 118: 116: 111: 100: 99: 97: 96: 95: 90: 86: 83: 82: 81: 78: 41: 21: 20: 7076: 7075: 7071: 7070: 7069: 7067: 7066: 7065: 6986:1996 in England 6971: 6970: 6967: 6962: 6951: 6946:Five techniques 6944: 6937: 6930: 6923: 6916: 6909: 6902: 6895: 6888: 6881: 6874: 6867: 6862:Ulster loyalism 6860: 6853: 6846: 6839: 6827: 6815: 6808: 6801: 6795: 6788: 6781: 6774: 6767: 6760: 6753: 6746: 6740: 6731: 6724: 6717: 6710: 6703: 6696: 6689: 6682: 6675: 6669: 6658: 6651: 6644: 6637: 6630: 6623: 6616: 6609: 6602: 6595: 6588: 6581: 6574: 6567: 6560: 6553: 6546: 6539: 6532: 6525: 6518: 6511: 6504: 6499:Teebane bombing 6497: 6490: 6483: 6476: 6469: 6462: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6434: 6427: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6399: 6392: 6385: 6378: 6371: 6364: 6357: 6350: 6343: 6336: 6329: 6322: 6315: 6308: 6301: 6294: 6287: 6280: 6273: 6266: 6259: 6252: 6245: 6238: 6231: 6224: 6217: 6210: 6203: 6196: 6189: 6182: 6175: 6168: 6161: 6154: 6147: 6140: 6133: 6126: 6119: 6112: 6105: 6098: 6091: 6084: 6077: 6070: 6063: 6056: 6049: 6042: 6035: 6028: 6021: 6014: 6007: 6000: 5994: 5977: 5970: 5963: 5956: 5950: 5943: 5936: 5929: 5922: 5915: 5908: 5901: 5894: 5887: 5880: 5873: 5866: 5860: 5847: 5840: 5834: 5827: 5820: 5813: 5806: 5799: 5792: 5785: 5778: 5771: 5766:Provisional IRA 5764: 5758: 5745: 5738: 5731: 5725: 5718: 5706: 5698: 5687: 5681: 5672: 5663: 5656: 5651: 5621: 5616: 5564:Joseph Rafferty 5516:Stephen Melrose 5506:Columba McVeigh 5501:Jean McConville 5486:Martin McBirney 5401:Robert Bradford 5378: 5372: 5351: 5305: 5279:Raymond Gilmour 5264:Denis Donaldson 5249: 5243: 5089:Jackie McMullan 5059:Tommy McKearney 5044:John Joe McGirl 4989:Jennifer McCann 4929:Joseph MacManus 4859:George Harrison 4844:Michael Gaughan 4824:William Fleming 4819:Mairéad Farrell 4689:Charles Breslin 4647: 4635: 4502:Cloghoge attack 4472:Teebane bombing 4458: 4351: 4347:Derryard attack 4293:Lisburn bombing 4233:Harrods bombing 4189: 4146:Stag Inn attack 4136:Olympia bombing 4076:Forkhill attack 4046:Bristol bombing 3873: 3849:Belfast Brigade 3807: 3748:Blanket protest 3683:Republican News 3673:Anti-Treaty IRA 3661: 3656: 3592: 3583: 3570: 3567: 3565:Further reading 3562: 3557: 3539: 3521: 3500: 3498: 3491: 3471: 3449: 3432: 3427: 3426: 3416: 3414: 3399: 3395: 3386: 3384: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3358: 3354: 3346: 3342: 3334: 3330: 3321: 3319: 3306: 3305: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3284: 3274: 3270: 3262: 3258: 3250: 3246: 3238: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3202: 3198: 3189: 3187: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3147: 3143: 3135: 3131: 3123: 3119: 3111: 3104: 3095: 3093: 3078: 3077: 3073: 3067: 3061: 3059: 3049: 3045: 3036: 3034: 3026:The Independent 3017: 3013: 3005: 2994: 2985: 2983: 2968: 2964: 2956: 2952: 2944: 2940: 2932: 2928: 2918: 2914: 2909:, 21 April 1999 2904: 2903: 2899: 2889: 2885: 2880:, 21 April 1999 2875: 2874: 2870: 2860: 2856: 2848: 2844: 2836: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2794: 2785: 2784: 2780: 2772: 2768: 2760: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2735: 2733: 2726:The Independent 2718: 2714: 2706: 2699: 2691: 2687: 2679: 2675: 2667: 2663: 2654: 2652: 2637: 2636: 2632: 2623: 2619: 2610: 2606: 2597: 2595: 2587:The Irish Times 2580: 2579: 2575: 2566: 2564: 2556:The Independent 2549: 2548: 2544: 2535: 2533: 2516: 2515: 2511: 2502: 2500: 2492:The Independent 2483: 2476: 2470:Wayback Machine 2461: 2457: 2448: 2446: 2431: 2430: 2426: 2418: 2414: 2405: 2403: 2395:The Independent 2386: 2382: 2366: 2362: 2352: 2350: 2333: 2326: 2318: 2314: 2310:, pp. 9–10 2306: 2302: 2293: 2291: 2283:The Independent 2274: 2270: 2262: 2258: 2249: 2247: 2236: 2232: 2224: 2220: 2209: 2205: 2196: 2192: 2183: 2179: 2170: 2168: 2151: 2147: 2139: 2135: 2123: 2116: 2107: 2105: 2089: 2088: 2084: 2076: 2072: 2063: 2061: 2054:The Independent 2046: 2042: 2034: 2030: 2021: 2019: 2008: 2007: 2003: 1985: 1981: 1973: 1969: 1960: 1958: 1943: 1942: 1935: 1926: 1924: 1911: 1910: 1906: 1897: 1895: 1882: 1881: 1877: 1868: 1866: 1851: 1850: 1841: 1832: 1828: 1819: 1817: 1802: 1798: 1789: 1787: 1772: 1768: 1758: 1756: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1729: 1727: 1712: 1708: 1698: 1696: 1687: 1686: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1663:The Irish Times 1655: 1651: 1642: 1640: 1625: 1621: 1611: 1609: 1604:. 23 May 2017. 1596: 1595: 1591: 1582: 1580: 1569: 1562: 1553: 1551: 1536: 1523: 1514: 1512: 1499: 1498: 1494: 1486: 1482: 1473: 1471: 1460: 1459: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1391: 1356: 1327: 1325: 1312: 1219:Nicholas Ridley 1215:Graham Stringer 1193: 1159: 1152: 1099: 1056: 979: 962:Ulster loyalist 960:, shouting the 938: 935:Richard English 892: 866: 862: 861: 840: 827: 819:tremble trigger 791:Granada Studios 751: 712: 671:, dependent on 615:From 1970, the 613: 553: 547: 513: 508: 507: 497: 496: 482:Aldwych bombing 397:Carlton bombing 395: 381:Wembley bombing 374: 345:Harrods bombing 331: 307:Olympia bombing 302:West Ham attack 262:Bristol bombing 187: 183: 182: 178: 176: 133:Provisional IRA 119: 114: 112: 109: 93: 91: 87: 84: 79: 76: 74: 72: 71: 70: 69: 47: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7074: 7064: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6964: 6963: 6950: 6949: 6942: 6939:HM Prison Maze 6935: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6893: 6886: 6879: 6872: 6869:United Ireland 6865: 6858: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6824: 6821: 6820: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6813: 6806: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6790: 6789: 6787: 6786: 6779: 6772: 6765: 6758: 6751: 6743: 6741: 6736: 6733: 6732: 6730: 6729: 6722: 6715: 6708: 6701: 6694: 6687: 6680: 6672: 6670: 6665: 6659: 6656: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6649: 6642: 6635: 6628: 6621: 6614: 6607: 6600: 6593: 6586: 6579: 6572: 6565: 6558: 6551: 6544: 6537: 6530: 6523: 6516: 6509: 6502: 6495: 6488: 6481: 6474: 6467: 6464:Proxy bombings 6460: 6453: 6446: 6439: 6432: 6425: 6418: 6411: 6404: 6397: 6390: 6383: 6376: 6369: 6362: 6355: 6348: 6341: 6334: 6327: 6320: 6313: 6306: 6299: 6292: 6285: 6278: 6271: 6264: 6257: 6250: 6243: 6236: 6229: 6222: 6215: 6208: 6201: 6194: 6187: 6180: 6173: 6166: 6159: 6152: 6145: 6138: 6131: 6124: 6117: 6110: 6103: 6096: 6089: 6082: 6075: 6068: 6061: 6054: 6047: 6040: 6033: 6026: 6019: 6012: 6005: 5997: 5995: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5983: 5982: 5979: 5978: 5976: 5975: 5968: 5961: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5942: 5941: 5934: 5927: 5920: 5913: 5906: 5899: 5892: 5885: 5878: 5871: 5863: 5861: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5849: 5848: 5846: 5845: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5826: 5825: 5818: 5811: 5804: 5797: 5794:Continuity IRA 5790: 5783: 5776: 5769: 5761: 5759: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5747: 5746: 5744: 5743: 5740:Garda Síochána 5736: 5733:Defence Forces 5728: 5726: 5723: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5716: 5704: 5696: 5684: 5682: 5680:United Kingdom 5679: 5673: 5670: 5664: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5650: 5649: 5642: 5635: 5627: 5618: 5617: 5615: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5602:Stephen Tibble 5599: 5594: 5592:Norman Stronge 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5572:Ray Smallwoods 5569: 5561: 5553: 5551:Robert Seymour 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5511:Ross McWhirter 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5471:Andrew Kearney 5468: 5466:Donald Kaberry 5463: 5458: 5453: 5451:Maurice Gibson 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5391:Johnathan Ball 5388: 5382: 5380: 5374: 5373: 5371: 5370: 5365: 5359: 5357: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5322:Fianna Éireann 5319: 5317:Cumann na mBan 5313: 5311: 5307: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5255: 5253: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5149:Joe B. O'Hagan 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5109:Danny Morrison 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5084:Thomas McMahon 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5034:Gerry McGeough 5031: 5026: 5021: 5019:Thomas McElwee 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4974:Pearse McAuley 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4869:Francis Hughes 4866: 4864:Brendan Hughes 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4829:Kieran Fleming 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4794:Martin Doherty 4791: 4789:Kieran Doherty 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4769:Gerard Davison 4766: 4761: 4759:Eddie Copeland 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4739:Gabriel Cleary 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4714:Fergal Caraher 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4684:Patricia Black 4681: 4676: 4671: 4669:Declan Arthurs 4666: 4661: 4655: 4653: 4641: 4640: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4547:Camden bombing 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4468: 4466: 4460: 4459: 4457: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4419:Proxy bombings 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4361: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4199: 4197: 4191: 4190: 4188: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3991:Clogher attack 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3951:Claudy bombing 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3892: 3890: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3819:Chief of Staff 3815: 3813: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3758:HM Prison Maze 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3733:Barrack buster 3730: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3695: 3693:The Green Book 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3669: 3667: 3663: 3662: 3655: 3654: 3647: 3640: 3632: 3626: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3591: 3590:External links 3588: 3587: 3586: 3581: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3560: 3555: 3542: 3537: 3524: 3519: 3506: 3489: 3474: 3469: 3452: 3447: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3393: 3364: 3352: 3340: 3328: 3296: 3268: 3256: 3244: 3232: 3220: 3208: 3196: 3165: 3153: 3141: 3129: 3117: 3102: 3071: 3043: 3011: 2992: 2962: 2960:, p. 171. 2950: 2938: 2926: 2912: 2897: 2883: 2868: 2854: 2842: 2830: 2804: 2778: 2766: 2754: 2742: 2712: 2697: 2685: 2673: 2661: 2630: 2617: 2604: 2573: 2542: 2509: 2474: 2455: 2424: 2412: 2380: 2360: 2347:MeasuringWorth 2324: 2312: 2300: 2268: 2256: 2230: 2218: 2203: 2190: 2177: 2145: 2133: 2114: 2082: 2080:, p. 183. 2070: 2040: 2028: 2001: 1979: 1977:, p. 258. 1967: 1933: 1904: 1875: 1839: 1826: 1796: 1766: 1736: 1706: 1680: 1649: 1619: 1589: 1560: 1521: 1492: 1480: 1435: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1390: 1387: 1355: 1352: 1322: 1311: 1308: 1250:Gerald Kaufman 1246:Bradford North 1231:The Printworks 1192: 1189: 1167:Royal Exchange 1144: 1098: 1097:Reconstruction 1095: 1055: 1052: 1033:Special Branch 978: 975: 891: 888: 857:mushroom cloud 839: 836: 826: 823: 771:Arndale Centre 750: 747: 711: 708: 621:united Ireland 612: 609: 510: 509: 495: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 469: 464: 459: 457:Camden bombing 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 393: 388: 383: 378: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 342: 336: 335: 330: 329: 324: 319: 314: 309: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 279: 277:Hilton bombing 274: 269: 264: 259: 254: 249: 244: 239: 234: 229: 224: 219: 214: 209: 204: 198: 197: 193: 192: 189: 188: 175: 174: 167: 160: 152: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 130: 126: 125: 106: 102: 101: 65: 63: 59: 58: 53: 49: 48: 42: 34: 33: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7073: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6969: 6961: 6960: 6947: 6943: 6940: 6936: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6922: 6919: 6915: 6912: 6908: 6905: 6901: 6898: 6894: 6891: 6887: 6884: 6880: 6877: 6873: 6870: 6866: 6863: 6859: 6856: 6852: 6849: 6845: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6830: 6826: 6825: 6822: 6811: 6807: 6804: 6800: 6799: 6797: 6794:Other parties 6791: 6784: 6780: 6777: 6773: 6770: 6766: 6763: 6759: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6745: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6734: 6727: 6723: 6720: 6716: 6713: 6709: 6706: 6702: 6699: 6695: 6692: 6688: 6685: 6681: 6678: 6674: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6663: 6660: 6654: 6647: 6646:Omagh bombing 6643: 6640: 6636: 6633: 6629: 6626: 6622: 6619: 6615: 6612: 6608: 6605: 6601: 6598: 6594: 6591: 6587: 6584: 6580: 6577: 6573: 6570: 6566: 6563: 6559: 6556: 6552: 6549: 6545: 6542: 6538: 6535: 6531: 6528: 6524: 6521: 6517: 6514: 6510: 6507: 6503: 6500: 6496: 6493: 6489: 6486: 6482: 6479: 6475: 6472: 6468: 6465: 6461: 6458: 6454: 6451: 6447: 6444: 6440: 6437: 6433: 6430: 6426: 6423: 6419: 6416: 6412: 6409: 6405: 6402: 6398: 6395: 6391: 6388: 6384: 6381: 6377: 6374: 6370: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6356: 6353: 6349: 6346: 6342: 6339: 6335: 6332: 6328: 6325: 6321: 6318: 6314: 6311: 6307: 6304: 6300: 6297: 6293: 6290: 6286: 6283: 6279: 6276: 6272: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6258: 6255: 6251: 6248: 6244: 6241: 6237: 6234: 6230: 6227: 6223: 6220: 6216: 6213: 6209: 6206: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6181: 6178: 6174: 6171: 6167: 6164: 6160: 6157: 6153: 6150: 6146: 6143: 6139: 6136: 6132: 6129: 6125: 6122: 6118: 6115: 6111: 6108: 6104: 6101: 6100:Bloody Friday 6097: 6094: 6090: 6087: 6083: 6080: 6079:Bloody Sunday 6076: 6073: 6069: 6066: 6062: 6059: 6055: 6052: 6048: 6045: 6041: 6038: 6034: 6031: 6027: 6024: 6020: 6017: 6013: 6010: 6006: 6003: 5999: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5988: 5973: 5969: 5966: 5962: 5959: 5955: 5954: 5952: 5946: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5928: 5925: 5921: 5918: 5914: 5911: 5907: 5904: 5900: 5897: 5893: 5890: 5886: 5883: 5879: 5876: 5872: 5869: 5865: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5854: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5830: 5823: 5819: 5816: 5812: 5809: 5805: 5802: 5798: 5795: 5791: 5788: 5784: 5781: 5777: 5774: 5770: 5767: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5752: 5741: 5737: 5734: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5721: 5713: 5709: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5694: 5690: 5686: 5685: 5683: 5677: 5674: 5668: 5665: 5659: 5655: 5648: 5643: 5641: 5636: 5634: 5629: 5628: 5625: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5597:Richard Sykes 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5587:James Stronge 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5565: 5562: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5536:Thomas Oliver 5534: 5532: 5531:Robert Nairac 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5441:Joseph Fenton 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5426:Raymond Elder 5424: 5422: 5421:Eamon Collins 5419: 5417: 5416:Martin Cahill 5414: 5412: 5411:Matthew Burns 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5396:Anthony Berry 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5383: 5381: 5375: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5354: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5308: 5300: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5269:Joseph Fenton 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5259:Eamon Collins 5257: 5256: 5254: 5252: 5248:Espionage and 5246: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5229:Seamus Twomey 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5169:Dolours Price 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5124:Kieran Nugent 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5104:Arthur Morgan 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5094:Martin Meehan 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5069:Kevin McKenna 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5009:Joe McDonnell 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4979:Daniel McCann 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4949:Donna Maguire 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4939:Patrick Magee 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4879:Pearse Jordan 4877: 4875: 4874:Martin Hurson 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4754:Eamon Collins 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4719:Malachy Carey 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4709:Liam Campbell 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694:Edward Butler 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4674:Thomas Begley 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4646: 4645:Personalities 4642: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4477:Clonoe ambush 4475: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4461: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4368: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4354: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4192: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4156:Jonesborough 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3946:Bloody Friday 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3854:Derry Brigade 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3753:Dirty protest 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3703: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3670: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3653: 3648: 3646: 3641: 3639: 3634: 3633: 3630: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3593: 3584: 3578: 3574: 3569: 3568: 3558: 3556:0-415-25262-8 3552: 3548: 3543: 3540: 3538:0-7190-5606-3 3534: 3530: 3525: 3522: 3520:0-9549042-7-3 3516: 3512: 3507: 3496: 3492: 3490:0-8330-2667-4 3486: 3482: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3470:0-9552621-0-0 3466: 3461: 3460: 3453: 3450: 3448:0-312-29416-6 3444: 3440: 3435: 3434: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3397: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3368: 3361: 3356: 3350:, p. 218 3349: 3344: 3337: 3332: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3303: 3301: 3283: 3279: 3272: 3266:, p. 181 3265: 3260: 3253: 3248: 3241: 3236: 3230:, p. 222 3229: 3224: 3218:, p. 108 3217: 3216:Williams 2003 3212: 3205: 3200: 3185: 3181: 3180: 3175: 3169: 3163:, p. 256 3162: 3157: 3151:, p. 261 3150: 3145: 3139:, p. 220 3138: 3133: 3126: 3125:Williams 2003 3121: 3115:, p. 256 3114: 3109: 3107: 3091: 3087: 3086: 3081: 3075: 3058: 3054: 3047: 3032: 3028: 3027: 3022: 3015: 3008: 3007:Williams 2003 3003: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2966: 2959: 2954: 2947: 2942: 2935: 2930: 2923: 2916: 2908: 2901: 2894: 2887: 2879: 2872: 2865: 2858: 2851: 2846: 2839: 2834: 2818: 2814: 2808: 2792: 2788: 2782: 2775: 2770: 2763: 2758: 2752:, p. 163 2751: 2746: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2716: 2709: 2704: 2702: 2694: 2689: 2682: 2677: 2670: 2665: 2650: 2646: 2645: 2640: 2634: 2627: 2621: 2614: 2608: 2593: 2589: 2588: 2583: 2577: 2562: 2558: 2557: 2552: 2546: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2513: 2498: 2494: 2493: 2488: 2481: 2479: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2459: 2444: 2440: 2439: 2434: 2428: 2421: 2416: 2401: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2384: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2364: 2349: 2348: 2343: 2337: 2331: 2329: 2321: 2316: 2309: 2304: 2289: 2285: 2284: 2279: 2272: 2265: 2260: 2245: 2241: 2234: 2227: 2222: 2215: 2212: 2207: 2200: 2194: 2187: 2181: 2166: 2162: 2161: 2156: 2149: 2142: 2137: 2130: 2126: 2125:Harnden, Toby 2121: 2119: 2103: 2099: 2097: 2092: 2086: 2079: 2074: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2044: 2037: 2032: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2005: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1988: 1983: 1976: 1975:Coogan (2002) 1971: 1956: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1940: 1938: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1908: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1879: 1865:on 5 May 2007 1864: 1860: 1859: 1854: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1836: 1833:O'Day, Alan. 1830: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1800: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1770: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1740: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1710: 1694: 1690: 1684: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1653: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1623: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1593: 1578: 1574: 1567: 1565: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1496: 1490:, p. 139 1489: 1484: 1469: 1465: 1464: 1457: 1455: 1453: 1451: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1436: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1385: 1383: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1366: 1362:' 1997 album 1361: 1351: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1320: 1317: 1306: 1304: 1300: 1290: 1285: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1237: 1232: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1211: 1207: 1197: 1188: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1174: 1173: 1172:force majeure 1168: 1164: 1163:Corn Exchange 1158: 1155: 1149: 1143: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1124: 1121:According to 1115: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1094: 1091: 1085: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1062: 1051: 1049: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1018: 1015: 1010: 1008: 1003: 999: 992: 988: 987:Market Street 983: 977:Investigation 974: 971: 970:Albert Square 967: 963: 959: 955: 954:Cheetham Hill 951: 947: 946:Richard Leese 942: 936: 929: 924: 922: 918: 913: 910: 905: 896: 887: 885: 881: 877: 873: 858: 854: 849: 845: 835: 831: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 802: 800: 796: 792: 788: 787:hazard lights 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 760: 755: 746: 744: 740: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 707: 705: 700: 698: 694: 690: 686: 681: 679: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 649: 647: 643: 639: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 608: 606: 600: 598: 594: 590: 585: 582: 577: 573: 569: 566: 561: 559: 550: 545: 541: 540:Great Britain 537: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 506: 502: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 341: 338: 337: 333: 332: 328: 325: 323: 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 288: 285: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 268: 265: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 233: 230: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 203: 200: 199: 195: 194: 190: 181: 173: 168: 166: 161: 159: 154: 153: 150: 141: 137: 134: 131: 127: 123: 107: 103: 98: 68: 64: 60: 57: 54: 50: 45: 40: 35: 32: 27: 22: 19: 6968: 6952: 6631: 6610: 6603: 6589: 6561: 6519: 6491: 6470: 6449: 6435: 6414: 6358: 6337: 6316: 6302: 6288: 6274: 6260: 6246: 6225: 6204: 6169: 6127: 6071: 6043: 6037:Falls Curfew 6029: 6015: 6001: 5992:Major events 5773:Official IRA 5689:British Army 5662:Participants 5654:The Troubles 5526:Lenny Murphy 5491:Jerry McCabe 5461:Heidi Hazell 5431:Gerard Evans 5342:Clan na Gael 5297:(allegedly " 5274:Kevin Fulton 5251:Supergrasses 5239:Séanna Walsh 5224:Gerard Tuite 5219:Bobby Storey 5214:Jimmy Steele 5174:Marian Price 5114:Conor Murphy 4959:Paul Marlowe 4954:Larry Marley 4884:Brian Keenan 4839:Angelo Fusco 4814:Dessie Ellis 4809:Rose Dugdale 4779:Hugh Doherty 4764:Marion Coyle 4744:Peter Cleary 4729:Gerard Casey 4650:(Volunteers) 4605: 4583: 4582:Crossmaglen 4444:Coagh ambush 4366: 4299: 4157: 3901:Falls Curfew 3812:Organisation 3763:Anti H-Block 3713:IRA campaign 3698:The Troubles 3688:An Phoblacht 3572: 3546: 3528: 3510: 3499:, retrieved 3479: 3458: 3438: 3430:Bibliography 3415:. Retrieved 3406: 3396: 3385:, retrieved 3376: 3367: 3355: 3343: 3338:, p. 80 3331: 3320:, retrieved 3316:the original 3311: 3285:, retrieved 3282:The Scotsman 3281: 3271: 3259: 3254:, p. 85 3247: 3235: 3223: 3211: 3199: 3188:, retrieved 3184:the original 3177: 3168: 3156: 3144: 3132: 3120: 3096:10 September 3094:, retrieved 3083: 3074: 3060:, retrieved 3056: 3046: 3035:, retrieved 3024: 3014: 2984:, retrieved 2975: 2965: 2953: 2941: 2936:, p. 43 2929: 2921: 2915: 2906: 2900: 2892: 2886: 2877: 2871: 2863: 2857: 2845: 2833: 2821:. Retrieved 2807: 2795:. Retrieved 2781: 2769: 2757: 2745: 2734:, retrieved 2725: 2715: 2710:, p. 67 2688: 2683:, p. 52 2676: 2664: 2653:, retrieved 2642: 2633: 2625: 2620: 2612: 2607: 2596:, retrieved 2585: 2576: 2565:, retrieved 2554: 2545: 2534:, retrieved 2525: 2521: 2512: 2501:, retrieved 2490: 2458: 2447:, retrieved 2436: 2427: 2415: 2406:10 September 2404:, retrieved 2393: 2383: 2368: 2363: 2351:. Retrieved 2345: 2322:, p. 11 2315: 2303: 2292:, retrieved 2281: 2271: 2259: 2248:, retrieved 2233: 2228:, p. 29 2221: 2213: 2206: 2198: 2193: 2185: 2180: 2169:, retrieved 2158: 2148: 2136: 2128: 2106:, retrieved 2094: 2085: 2073: 2062:, retrieved 2053: 2043: 2038:, p. 29 2031: 2020:, retrieved 2010: 2004: 1989: 1982: 1970: 1959:, retrieved 1948: 1925:, retrieved 1916: 1907: 1896:, retrieved 1887: 1878: 1867:, retrieved 1863:the original 1856: 1834: 1829: 1818:, retrieved 1809: 1799: 1788:, retrieved 1779: 1769: 1757:. Retrieved 1748: 1739: 1728:, retrieved 1719: 1709: 1697:, retrieved 1683: 1671:. Retrieved 1662: 1652: 1641:, retrieved 1632: 1622: 1610:. Retrieved 1601: 1592: 1581:, retrieved 1552:, retrieved 1543: 1513:, retrieved 1504: 1495: 1483: 1472:, retrieved 1462: 1379: 1372:stated in a 1363: 1357: 1340:Elizabeth II 1329: 1313: 1295: 1274:Urban Splash 1242:Terry Rooney 1236:Daily Mirror 1234: 1227: 1202: 1182: 1170: 1160: 1151: 1146: 1120: 1100: 1086: 1076: 1074: 1066:South Armagh 1059: 1057: 1045: 1030: 1026: 1022:Peterborough 1019: 1011: 1007:M62 motorway 995: 943: 931: 926: 917:Bill Clinton 901: 841: 832: 828: 803: 799:Irish accent 775:Ford Granada 764: 743:Ford Granada 713: 701: 693:Old Trafford 682: 650: 614: 601: 593:Bill Clinton 586: 562: 516: 514: 486: 180:The Troubles 31:the Troubles 18: 6833:peace lines 6829:Segregation 5582:Nick Spanos 5577:Sammy Smyth 5567:(allegedly) 5559:(allegedly) 5356:Derivatives 5209:Frank Stagg 5204:Pat Sheehan 5199:Seán Savage 5194:Bobby Sands 5184:Paddy Quinn 5159:Rita O'Hare 5064:Billy McKee 5039:Pat McGeown 5029:Tom McFeely 4969:Alex Maskey 4889:Gerry Kelly 4854:Dessie Grew 4834:Bernard Fox 4804:Colin Duffy 4799:Pat Doherty 4784:Joe Doherty 4774:Matt Devlin 4724:Owen Carron 4699:Paul Butler 4659:Paddy Agnew 4365:Derrygorry 4298:Aughanduff 3986:M62 bombing 3788:Disappeared 3401:Songfacts. 3387:18 December 3360:King (2006) 3348:King (2006) 3137:King (2006) 2958:King (2006) 2850:King (2006) 2838:King (2006) 2797:9 September 2774:King (2006) 2762:King (2006) 2750:King (2006) 2708:King (2006) 2693:King (2006) 2681:King (2006) 2669:King (2006) 2536:22 February 2503:8 September 2449:24 December 2420:King (2006) 2320:King (2006) 2308:King (2006) 2294:9 September 2266:, p. 6 2264:King (2006) 2250:22 February 2171:9 September 2143:, p. 5 2141:King (2006) 2078:King (2006) 2064:22 February 2036:King (2006) 1961:8 September 1927:13 November 1759:9 September 1699:8 September 1673:13 November 1643:12 February 1505:World Atlas 1488:King (2006) 1474:9 September 1376:interview: 1276:and of the 1270:Tom Bloxham 1123:Home Office 1002:M1 motorway 921:Gerry Adams 912:John Bruton 795:Quay 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