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1870 United States census

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When the appointments of enumerators were made in 1870 the entire lot was taken from the Republican party, and most of those in the South were negroes. Some of the negroes could not read or write, and the enumeration of the Southern population was done very badly. My judgement was that the census of
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This controversy of the 1870 undercount resurfaced in 1890, when the national growth rate between 1880 and 1890 was discovered to be much lower than it was between 1870 and 1880. Critics then asserted that the 1870 population must have been underenumerated by over 1.2 million people to account for
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Although Francis Walker, the Superintendent of the 1870 census, defended the quality of the census, arguing that standardized, clear, and statistical approaches and practices were carried out across all regions of the United States, the public at the time was disappointed in the national
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Conditions for the work were therefore so adverse that the new superintendent (Walker), with characteristic frankness, repudiated in many instances the results of the Census, denouncing them as false or misleading and pointing out the plain
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in those areas. While it was thought a large fraction of the population was not counted for being indoors in the wintry cold, newer estimates resulted in only a 2.5% increase in Philadelphia's population and a 2% increase in New York's.
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between growth rates; it was presumed that the growth rate in 1880 had to be exaggerated because of the 1870 undercount. Despite the fact that modern investigations have yet to quantify the exact effect of the undercount, most modern
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The 1870 census was the first of its kind to record the nativity of the American population. This social statistic helped determine which areas were more highly composed of immigrants than native-born Americans.
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and suspected underenumeration. With especially bitter complaints coming from New York and Philadelphia claiming up to a third of the population was not counted, the President made the rare move to order a
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In terms of products of industry, total U.S. wealth increased by 17.3% from 1860 to 1870, to reach an assessed wealth of $ 14,178,986,732. The four largest state contributors to this wealth were New York,
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also had a great population of foreigners that made up a significant fraction of their total populations. Therefore, a great ethnic and cultural change was witnessed from 1860 to 1870, as part of the
231:. Two new structural changes during the 1870 census occurred: marshals had to return the completed population questionnaire to the Census Office in September and penalties for refusing to reply to 772:
do not believe the undercount was as severe as 1890 investigators assumed. Today most analyzers compare the 1870 undercount to the non-response rates seen in most modern census data.
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after the Civil War. The five schedules for the 1870 census were the following: General Population, Mortality, Agriculture, Products of Industry, and Social Statistics.
667:**This question asked if one's right to vote is being denied due to a legal matter other than rebellion or conviction. Such circumstances included being unable to pay 577:*The constitutional population excludes the populations of Native Americans "maintaining their tribal relations and living upon Government reservations" and " 260:
in 1870, in general, decreased as a fraction of the total population by <0.1% from 1860 and by 0.1% from 1850. The lower death rates indicate that the
211:. This was the first census in which all 100 largest cities recorded populations of over 10,000. This was also the last federal census conducted using the 3836: 200:
when slaves were granted freedom. The total population was 38,925,598 with a resident population of 38,558,371 individuals, a 22.6% increase from 1860.
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The general population saw a 22.6% increase to 38,555,983 individuals in 1870. Charges of an undercount, however, were brought against
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The 1870 census's population estimate was controversial, as many believed it underestimated the true population numbers, especially in
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Male Citizens of U.S. of 21 years of age and upwards where rights to vote is denied on grounds other than rebellion or other crime**
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Includes a population of 450 for Rio Virgin County, which was located in Nevada but enumerated as part of Utah in the 1870 census.
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Full documentation for the 1870 population census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the
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had the most foreign-born individuals, with 419,094 foreigners, who comprised 44.5% of the city's total population.
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The Census Act of 1850 established the primary machinery of the ninth census. The Census Office, working within the
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Hacker, J. David; Ruggles, Steven; Foroughi, Andrea R.; Jarvis, Brad D.; Sargent, Walter L. (1999).
3915:"Tech Paper 29: Table 19. Nativity of the Population for the 50 Largest Urban Places: 1870 to 1990" 3676: 3538: 3469: 3446: 3400: 3308: 3285: 3262: 3216: 3055: 3009: 2986: 2756: 2733: 2641: 2388: 2342: 2296: 2250: 2122: 2053: 1997: 1846: 1813: 1790: 1721: 1560: 1491: 1468: 3749: 3111: 3065: 2904: 2398: 1892: 706: 4238: 3993: 3630: 3561: 3180: 3157: 3147: 3101: 3078: 2779: 2595: 2572: 2480: 2365: 2273: 2168: 2112: 1974: 1928: 1698: 1652: 1583: 1514: 750: 3933: 3822:
Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990
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was due to immigrants moving in and a shuffling of residents across state borders.
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The District of Columbia is not a state but was created with the passage of the
3863:"Public Use Microdata Samples of the 1860 and 1870 U.S. Censuses of Population" 2329: 2007: 1966: 257: 3878: 4222: 3958: 3886: 3576: 3226: 3203: 3185: 3162: 3070: 2794: 2656: 2610: 2541: 2518: 2495: 2449: 2403: 2127: 2081: 2058: 1593: 1529: 1386: 1337: 672: 305: 289: 273: 3867:
Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History
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The commonly past-used slave questionnaires were redesigned to reflect the
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questions were extended to encompass every question on the questionnaires.
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New York state census records, 1790–1925 : bibliography bulletin 88
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from June 1, 1870, to August 23, 1871. The 1870 census was the first
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1870 erred as to the colored population between 350,000 and 400,000
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Schedule 1 of the 1870 census collected the following information:
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Deaf & dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper, or convict
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Indian (Native American) population (not on reservations)
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population, only five years after the culmination of the
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Indian (Native American) population (on reservations)
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Male Citizens of U.S. of 21 years of age or upwards
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Dwelling-houses numbered in the order of Visitation
3973:Library of Congress research guide for 1870 census 3895:"Census of Population and Housing – Publications" 284:were beginning to develop their young economies. 4220: 3697: 3994: 3948: 3912: 606:Families numbered in the order of visitation 4008: 4001: 3987: 3813: 630:Place of Birth (State, Territory, Country) 76: 3949:Douglas, Marilyn; Yates, Melinda (1981). 736:Learn how and when to remove this message 254:, the Superintendent of the 1870 census. 3913:Gibson, Campbell; Lennon, Emily (2011). 685: 642:If married within the year, state month 192:to provide detailed information on the 14: 4221: 3744: 3742: 680:Integrated Public Use Microdata Series 321:Population results of the 1870 census 238: 3982: 3775:"1870 Federal Census Schedule 1 Form" 645:Attended School within the Year (Y/N) 218: 3839:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from 718:adding citations to reliable sources 689: 639:If born within the year, state month 357:Constitutional/resident population* 4208:United States Census of Agriculture 3739: 594: 24: 3873:(3). Informa UK Limited: 125–133. 25: 4250: 3966: 775: 315: 1356: 694: 124: 123: 705:needs additional citations for 3829: 3788: 3767: 3725:A Life of Francis Amasa Walker 3723:Munroe, James Phinney (1923) 3717: 3691: 1343: 1330: 13: 1: 3945:Contains 1870 Census results. 3684: 3975:- links to primary documents 671:, or being unable to pass a 664:*If born in another country 7: 4203:United States Census Bureau 3700:"1870 Fast Facts – History" 589:congressional apportionment 10: 4255: 3953:. New York State Library. 3825:, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998 225:Department of the Interior 184:. It was conducted by the 84:Department of the Interior 4229:1870 in the United States 4198: 4166: 4105: 4044: 4023: 4016: 3879:10.1080/01615449909598933 178:1870 United States census 153: 132: 118: 113: 103: 95: 90: 75: 39: 35:1870 United States census 34: 18:1870 United States Census 3934:"1871 U.S Census Report" 1323: 627:Value of Personal Estate 3837:"Regions and Divisions" 264:increased, due to some 4010:United States censuses 3698:Census History Staff. 52:June 1, 1870 686:Population undercount 4234:United States census 1645:District of Columbia 1160:District of Columbia 714:improve this article 636:Mother's Birthplace* 633:Father's Birthplace* 624:Value of Real Estate 546:Total United States 543:Japanese population 515:Total United States 484:Total United States 453:Total United States 422:Total United States 391:Total United States 360:Total United States 329:Total United States 276:, Pennsylvania, and 252:Francis Amasa Walker 182:United States census 3843:on December 3, 2016 587:**When considering 512:Chinese population 322: 239:Census organization 91:General information 3941:U.S. Census Bureau 3899:U.S. Census Bureau 3704:U.S. Census Bureau 651:Cannot Write (Y/N) 582:district of Alaska 579:the newly acquired 320: 262:standard of living 219:Census Act of 1850 213:US Marshal Service 4216: 4215: 4194: 4193: 3782:National Archives 3682: 3681: 1321: 1320: 770:social scientists 746: 745: 738: 648:Cannot Read (Y/N) 573: 572: 419:Black population 388:White population 310:population growth 174: 173: 70: 69: 16:(Redirected from 4246: 4021: 4020: 4003: 3996: 3989: 3980: 3979: 3962: 3944: 3938: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3890: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3817: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3779: 3771: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3746: 3737: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3695: 2859:North Providence 1361: 1360: 1350: 1347: 1341: 1334: 780: 779: 741: 734: 730: 727: 721: 698: 690: 595:Census questions 326:True population 323: 319: 266:exogenous factor 245:American society 229:federal marshals 215:as enumerators. 194:African American 162: 161: 157: 141: 140: 136: 127: 126: 119:Total population 80: 59: 57: 42: 41: 32: 31: 21: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4248: 4247: 4245: 4244: 4243: 4219: 4218: 4217: 4212: 4190: 4162: 4101: 4040: 4012: 4007: 3969: 3936: 3932: 3923: 3921: 3903: 3901: 3893: 3857: 3856: 3846: 3844: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3819: 3818: 3814: 3804: 3802: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3777: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3758: 3756: 3748: 3747: 3740: 3727:, Holt, p. 111 3722: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3696: 3692: 3687: 1359: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1344: 1335: 1331: 1326: 786:State/Territory 778: 742: 731: 725: 722: 711: 699: 688: 597: 318: 258:Mortality rates 241: 221: 169: 159: 155: 148: 138: 134: 86: 71: 55: 53: 40: 28: 27:Ninth US census 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4252: 4242: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4214: 4213: 4211: 4210: 4205: 4199: 4196: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4188: 4181: 4176: 4170: 4168: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 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905: 901: 900: 897: 894: 890: 889: 886: 883: 879: 878: 875: 872: 868: 867: 864: 861: 857: 856: 853: 850: 846: 845: 842: 839: 835: 834: 831: 828: 824: 823: 820: 817: 813: 812: 809: 806: 802: 801: 798: 795: 791: 790: 787: 784: 777: 776:State rankings 774: 744: 743: 702: 700: 693: 687: 684: 662: 661: 658: 655: 652: 649: 646: 643: 640: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 622: 619: 616: 613: 610: 607: 604: 596: 593: 571: 570: 567: 564: 561: 560: 557: 554: 551: 550: 547: 544: 540: 539: 536: 533: 530: 529: 526: 523: 520: 519: 516: 513: 509: 508: 505: 502: 499: 498: 495: 492: 489: 488: 485: 482: 478: 477: 474: 471: 468: 467: 464: 461: 458: 457: 454: 451: 447: 446: 443: 440: 437: 436: 433: 430: 427: 426: 423: 420: 416: 415: 412: 409: 406: 405: 402: 399: 396: 395: 392: 389: 385: 384: 381: 378: 375: 374: 371: 370:States only** 368: 365: 364: 361: 358: 354: 353: 350: 347: 344: 343: 340: 337: 334: 333: 330: 327: 317: 316:Census results 314: 240: 237: 220: 217: 180:was the ninth 172: 171: 164: 151: 150: 143: 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3667: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3641:New Brunswick 3639: 3636: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3577:Massachusetts 3575: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3543: 3540: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3521: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3475: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3360: 3359: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3186:Massachusetts 3184: 3182: 3179: 3176: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3163:Massachusetts 3161: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3106: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3071:West Virginia 3069: 3067: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2922: 2919: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2795:Massachusetts 2793: 2791: 2788: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2657:New Hampshire 2655: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2611:Massachusetts 2609: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2542:Massachusetts 2540: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2519:Massachusetts 2517: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2496:Massachusetts 2494: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2450:Massachusetts 2448: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2404:Massachusetts 2402: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2128:Massachusetts 2126: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2082:Massachusetts 2080: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2059:Massachusetts 2057: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2003: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1796: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1594:San Francisco 1592: 1589: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1530:Massachusetts 1528: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1377:Region (2016) 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1362: 1357:City rankings 1346: 1339: 1338:Residence Act 1333: 1329: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1243: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1127:New Hampshire 1126: 1123: 1122: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1083:West Virginia 1082: 1079: 1078: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1045: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1002: 1001: 997: 994: 991: 990: 986: 983: 980: 979: 975: 972: 969: 968: 964: 961: 958: 957: 953: 950: 947: 946: 942: 939: 936: 935: 931: 928: 925: 924: 920: 917: 914: 913: 909: 906: 903: 902: 898: 895: 892: 891: 887: 884: 881: 880: 876: 873: 870: 869: 865: 863:Massachusetts 862: 859: 858: 854: 851: 848: 847: 843: 840: 837: 836: 832: 829: 826: 825: 821: 818: 815: 814: 810: 807: 804: 803: 799: 796: 793: 792: 788: 785: 782: 781: 773: 771: 766: 760: 757: 752: 740: 737: 729: 719: 715: 709: 708: 703:This section 701: 697: 692: 691: 683: 681: 676: 674: 673:literacy test 670: 665: 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 601: 600: 592: 590: 585: 583: 580: 575: 568: 565: 563: 562: 558: 555: 553: 552: 548: 545: 542: 541: 537: 534: 532: 531: 527: 524: 522: 521: 517: 514: 511: 510: 506: 503: 501: 500: 496: 493: 491: 490: 486: 483: 480: 479: 475: 472: 470: 469: 465: 462: 460: 459: 455: 452: 449: 448: 444: 441: 439: 438: 434: 431: 429: 428: 424: 421: 418: 417: 413: 410: 408: 407: 403: 400: 398: 397: 393: 390: 387: 386: 382: 379: 377: 376: 372: 369: 367: 366: 362: 359: 356: 355: 351: 348: 346: 345: 341: 338: 336: 335: 331: 328: 325: 324: 313: 311: 307: 306:San Francisco 303: 299: 295: 291: 290:New York City 285: 283: 279: 275: 274:Massachusetts 269: 267: 263: 259: 255: 253: 248: 246: 236: 234: 230: 226: 216: 214: 210: 206: 201: 199: 195: 191: 187: 186:Census Office 183: 179: 168: 165: 152: 147: 144: 131: 121: 117: 112: 109: 108:Census Office 106: 102: 99:United States 98: 94: 89: 85: 79: 74: 66: → 65: 62: 60: 50: 48: 45:←  44: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 4183: 4081: 3950: 3940: 3922:. Retrieved 3918: 3902:. Retrieved 3898: 3870: 3866: 3847:September 9, 3845:. Retrieved 3841:the original 3831: 3821: 3815: 3803:. Retrieved 3799: 3790: 3781: 3769: 3757:. Retrieved 3753: 3733: 3728: 3724: 3719: 3707:. Retrieved 3703: 3693: 3485:Pennsylvania 3480:Williamsport 3388:Grand Rapids 3025:Pennsylvania 2928:Poughkeepsie 2910:Pennsylvania 2864:Rhode Island 2680:Pennsylvania 2197:Pennsylvania 2174:Pennsylvania 1985:Indianapolis 1898:Pennsylvania 1852:Rhode Island 1737:Pennsylvania 1415:Pennsylvania 1410:Philadelphia 1345: 1332: 1314:North Dakota 1281:South Dakota 1138:Rhode Island 808:Pennsylvania 761: 747: 732: 726:January 2015 723: 712:Please help 707:verification 704: 677: 666: 663: 598: 586: 576: 574: 566:Territories 556:States only 535:Territories 525:States only 504:Territories 494:States only 473:Territories 463:States only 442:Territories 432:States only 411:Territories 401:States only 380:Territories 349:Territories 339:States only 294:Philadelphia 286: 270: 256: 249: 242: 222: 209:Pennsylvania 202: 177: 175: 163:​state 142:​state 122:38,925,598 ( 82:Seal of the 51: 29: 3434:Terre Haute 3370:Connecticut 3296:Springfield 3250:Leavenworth 3117:Connecticut 2790:New Bedford 2537:Springfield 2445:Charlestown 2238:Kansas City 2151:Connecticut 1944:Connecticut 1755:Jersey City 1571:New Orleans 1061:Connecticut 984:Mississippi 789:Population 765:discrepancy 751:growth rate 404:33,203,128 394:33,589,377 373:38,115,641 363:38,558,371 342:38,205,598 332:38,925,598 4223:Categories 3924:August 27, 3919:Census.gov 3904:August 27, 3805:August 27, 3685:References 3664:Burlington 3646:New Jersey 3572:Gloucester 3526:New Albany 3416:California 3411:Sacramento 3273:Fort Wayne 3135:Petersburg 3112:Bridgeport 3043:St. Joseph 2997:Saint Paul 2956:New Jersey 2887:New Jersey 2841:New Jersey 2744:Evansville 2703:New Jersey 2675:Harrisburg 2652:Manchester 2514:Fall River 2353:Wilmington 2220:New Jersey 1962:Charleston 1847:Providence 1760:New Jersey 1732:Pittsburgh 1686:Louisville 1668:New Jersey 1640:Washington 1599:California 1548:Cincinnati 1373:Population 1248:Washington 1193:New Mexico 1050:California 973:New Jersey 954:1,054,670 943:1,071,361 932:1,184,059 921:1,184,109 910:1,194,020 899:1,225,163 888:1,258,520 877:1,321,011 866:1,457,351 855:1,680,637 844:1,721,295 833:2,539,891 822:2,665,260 811:3,521,951 800:4,382,759 669:poll taxes 621:Profession 435:4,835,106 425:4,880,009 233:enumerator 56:1870-06-01 3959:866298008 3887:0161-5440 3800:IPUMS USA 3759:April 29, 3709:April 28, 3654:Northeast 3608:Northeast 3585:Northeast 3516:Northeast 3493:Northeast 3378:Northeast 3355:Northeast 3332:Northeast 3240:Northeast 3194:Northeast 3171:Northeast 3125:Northeast 3033:Northeast 3002:Minnesota 2974:Davenport 2964:Northeast 2941:Northeast 2918:Northeast 2905:Lancaster 2895:Northeast 2872:Northeast 2849:Northeast 2836:Elizabeth 2826:Northeast 2803:Northeast 2711:Northeast 2688:Northeast 2665:Northeast 2619:Northeast 2583:Covington 2565:Tennessee 2560:Nashville 2550:Northeast 2527:Northeast 2504:Northeast 2458:Northeast 2435:Northeast 2412:Northeast 2320:Northeast 2228:Northeast 2205:Northeast 2182:Northeast 2159:Northeast 2136:Northeast 2123:Cambridge 2105:Tennessee 2090:Northeast 2067:Northeast 2054:Worcester 2044:Northeast 2021:Northeast 1952:Northeast 1939:New Haven 1906:Northeast 1893:Allegheny 1883:Northeast 1870:Rochester 1860:Northeast 1837:Northeast 1806:Wisconsin 1801:Milwaukee 1768:Northeast 1745:Northeast 1709:Cleveland 1676:Northeast 1630:Northeast 1576:Louisiana 1538:Northeast 1502:Baltimore 1456:St. Louis 1446:Northeast 1423:Northeast 1400:Northeast 1094:Minnesota 1017:Louisiana 951:Wisconsin 885:Tennessee 302:St. Louis 198:Civil War 149:4,382,759 104:Authority 3730:reasons. 3623:Kentucky 3600:New York 3508:New York 3462:Nebraska 3393:Michigan 3347:New York 3342:Newburgh 3324:New York 3301:Illinois 3140:Virginia 3094:Virginia 3066:Wheeling 3048:Missouri 2933:New York 2818:New York 2726:Illinois 2634:Illinois 2588:Kentucky 2468:Savannah 2427:New York 2399:Lawrence 2358:Delaware 2330:Columbus 2307:Portland 2243:Missouri 2215:Paterson 2169:Scranton 2146:Hartford 2036:New York 2031:Syracuse 2013:New York 1921:Virginia 1916:Richmond 1875:New York 1829:New York 1783:Michigan 1691:Kentucky 1622:New York 1507:Maryland 1484:Illinois 1461:Missouri 1438:New York 1433:Brooklyn 1392:New York 1387:New York 1340:of 1790. 1237:Colorado 1185:122,993 1182:Nebraska 1174:125,015 1171:Delaware 1163:131,700 1152:187,748 1141:217,353 1130:318,300 1119:330,551 1108:364,399 1097:439,706 1086:442,014 1075:484,471 1072:Arkansas 1064:537,454 1053:560,247 1042:626,915 1031:705,606 1020:726,915 1009:780,894 1006:Maryland 998:818,579 987:827,922 976:906,096 965:996,992 929:Michigan 896:Virginia 874:Kentucky 841:Missouri 830:Illinois 797:New York 476:268,024 456:357,981 414:386,249 383:442,730 352:720,000 205:New York 158:populous 146:New York 137:populous 4017:Century 3732:p. 113 3677:Midwest 3618:Newport 3554:Georgia 3549:Augusta 3539:Midwest 3531:Indiana 3470:Midwest 3447:Midwest 3439:Indiana 3401:Midwest 3365:Norwich 3309:Midwest 3286:Midwest 3278:Indiana 3263:Midwest 3217:Midwest 3204:Dubuque 3181:Chelsea 3158:Taunton 3089:Norfolk 3056:Midwest 3010:Midwest 2987:Midwest 2882:Hoboken 2772:Georgia 2767:Atlanta 2757:Midwest 2749:Indiana 2734:Midwest 2698:Trenton 2642:Midwest 2473:Georgia 2389:Midwest 2343:Midwest 2297:Midwest 2266:Alabama 2251:Midwest 2192:Reading 2100:Memphis 1998:Midwest 1990:Indiana 1814:Midwest 1791:Midwest 1778:Detroit 1722:Midwest 1695:100,753 1672:105,059 1649:109,199 1626:117,714 1617:Buffalo 1603:149,473 1580:191,418 1561:Midwest 1557:216,239 1534:250,526 1511:267,354 1492:Midwest 1488:298,977 1479:Chicago 1469:Midwest 1465:310,864 1442:396,099 1419:674,022 1396:942,292 1303:Wyoming 1292:Arizona 1284:11,776 1273:14,999 1262:20,595 1259:Montana 1251:23,955 1240:39,864 1229:42,941 1218:86,336 1207:90,923 1196:91,874 1149:Florida 1116:Vermont 962:Alabama 918:Georgia 852:Indiana 756:recount 528:56,124 518:63,199 497:21,228 487:25,731 466:89,957 445:44,903 298:Chicago 282:Wyoming 114:Results 96:Country 54: ( 3957:  3885:  3673:14,930 3650:15,058 3627:15,087 3604:15,357 3595:Cohoes 3581:15,389 3558:15,389 3535:15,396 3512:15,863 3503:Elmira 3489:16,030 3466:16,083 3443:16,103 3420:16,283 3397:16,507 3374:16,653 3351:17,014 3328:17,225 3319:Auburn 3305:17,364 3282:17,718 3259:17,873 3255:Kansas 3236:18,289 3227:Bangor 3213:18,434 3190:18,547 3167:18,629 3144:18,950 3121:18,969 3098:19,229 3075:19,280 3052:19,565 3029:19,646 3006:20,030 2983:20,038 2960:20,045 2951:Camden 2937:20,080 2914:20,233 2891:20,297 2868:20,495 2845:20,832 2822:20,910 2813:Oswego 2799:21,320 2776:21,789 2753:21,830 2730:22,849 2721:Peoria 2707:22,874 2684:23,104 2661:23,536 2638:24,052 2629:Quincy 2615:24,117 2592:24,505 2569:25,865 2546:26,703 2523:26,766 2500:28,233 2477:28,235 2454:28,323 2431:28,804 2408:28,921 2385:30,473 2376:Dayton 2362:30,841 2339:31,274 2316:31,413 2293:31,584 2284:Toledo 2270:32,034 2261:Mobile 2247:32,260 2224:33,579 2201:33,930 2178:35,092 2155:37,180 2132:39,634 2109:40,226 2086:40,928 2077:Lowell 2063:41,105 2040:43,051 2017:46,465 1994:48,244 1971:48,956 1948:50,840 1925:51,038 1902:53,180 1879:62,386 1856:68,904 1833:69,422 1824:Albany 1810:71,440 1787:79,577 1764:82,546 1741:86,076 1718:92,829 1663:Newark 1525:Boston 1317:2,405 1306:9,118 1295:9,658 1226:Nevada 1204:Oregon 1105:Kansas 538:7,075 507:4,503 304:, and 190:census 170:42,941 167:Nevada 160:  156:  139:  135:  128:22.6%) 3937:(PDF) 3778:(PDF) 3631:South 3562:South 3457:Omaha 3232:Maine 3148:South 3102:South 3079:South 2780:South 2606:Salem 2596:South 2573:South 2481:South 2422:Utica 2366:South 2312:Maine 2274:South 2113:South 1975:South 1929:South 1699:South 1653:South 1584:South 1515:South 1370:State 1324:Notes 1270:Idaho 1039:Maine 995:Texas 618:Color 609:Names 154:Least 4185:2030 4179:2020 4174:2010 4167:21st 4158:2000 4153:1990 4148:1980 4143:1970 4138:1960 4133:1950 4128:1940 4123:1930 4118:1920 4113:1910 4106:20th 4097:1900 4092:1890 4087:1880 4082:1870 4077:1860 4072:1850 4067:1840 4062:1830 4057:1820 4052:1810 4045:19th 4036:1800 4031:1790 4024:18th 3955:OCLC 3926:2019 3906:2019 3883:ISSN 3849:2016 3807:2019 3761:2019 3711:2019 3669:Iowa 3424:West 3209:Iowa 3020:Erie 2979:Iowa 2491:Lynn 2381:Ohio 2335:Ohio 2289:Ohio 2008:Troy 1714:Ohio 1607:West 1553:Ohio 1367:City 1364:Rank 1215:Utah 907:Iowa 819:Ohio 783:Rank 763:the 278:Ohio 207:and 176:The 133:Most 64:1880 47:1860 3875:doi 3660:100 716:by 615:Sex 612:Age 584:." 559:55 549:55 4225:: 3939:. 3917:. 3897:. 3881:. 3871:32 3869:. 3865:. 3798:. 3780:. 3752:. 3741:^ 3702:. 3637:99 3614:98 3591:97 3568:95 3545:95 3522:94 3499:93 3476:92 3453:91 3430:90 3407:89 3384:88 3361:87 3338:86 3315:85 3292:84 3269:83 3246:82 3223:81 3200:80 3177:79 3154:78 3131:77 3108:76 3085:75 3062:74 3039:73 3016:72 2993:71 2970:70 2947:69 2924:68 2901:67 2878:66 2855:65 2832:64 2809:63 2786:62 2763:61 2740:60 2717:59 2694:58 2671:57 2648:56 2625:55 2602:54 2579:53 2556:52 2533:51 2510:50 2487:49 2464:48 2441:47 2418:46 2395:45 2372:44 2349:43 2326:42 2303:41 2280:40 2257:39 2234:38 2211:37 2188:36 2165:35 2142:34 2119:33 2096:32 2073:31 2050:30 2027:29 2004:28 1981:27 1958:26 1935:25 1912:24 1889:23 1866:22 1843:21 1820:20 1797:19 1774:18 1751:17 1728:16 1705:15 1682:14 1659:13 1636:12 1613:11 1590:10 1567:09 1544:08 1521:07 1498:06 1475:05 1452:04 1429:03 1406:02 1383:01 1223:37 1201:36 1179:35 1168:34 1146:33 1135:32 1124:31 1113:30 1102:29 1091:28 1080:27 1069:26 1058:25 1047:24 1036:23 1025:22 1014:21 1003:20 992:19 981:18 970:17 959:16 948:15 937:14 926:13 915:12 904:11 893:10 882:09 871:08 860:07 849:06 838:05 827:04 816:03 805:02 794:01 682:. 675:. 569:0 300:, 296:, 4002:e 3995:t 3988:v 3961:. 3943:. 3928:. 3908:. 3889:. 3877:: 3851:. 3809:. 3784:. 3763:. 3713:. 1311:X 1300:X 1289:X 1278:X 1267:X 1256:X 1245:X 1234:X 1212:X 1190:X 1157:X 739:) 733:( 728:) 724:( 710:. 58:) 20:)

Index

1870 United States Census
1860
1880

Department of the Interior
Census Office
New York
Nevada
United States census
Census Office
census
African American
Civil War
New York
Pennsylvania
US Marshal Service
Department of the Interior
federal marshals
enumerator
American society
Francis Amasa Walker
Mortality rates
standard of living
exogenous factor
Massachusetts
Ohio
Wyoming
New York City
Philadelphia
Chicago

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