Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

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two-year term of office, and remain eligible for re-election after their term expires. The chairperson's duties include declaring a meeting to be open or closed, directing the discussion in a session, announcing decisions made by the committee, preparing agendas in consultation with the secretary-general, designating the members of pre-sessional working groups and representing the committee at United Nations meetings which the committee is invited to participate in. In the case the chairperson is unable to perform any her duties she designates one of the three vice-chairpersons to take over her role. If the chairperson fails to designate a vice-chairperson prior to her absence then the vice-chairperson with the first name in English alphabetical order takes over. In the event an officer is unable to continue serving on the committee before her term expires a new officer from the same region as the original officer shall be nominated, elected and will take over the vacated office. As of June 2019, the 23 members are:

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reports during each session and it is required a representative from the state is in attendance when the report is presented. The committee focuses on constructive dialogue when a report is presented and appreciates careful time management on the part of the state presenting its report. Due to the high backlog of overdue reports the committee has encouraged states to combine all of their outstanding reports into one document and sends reminders to states who have reports that are five years overdue. The CEDAW also requires that the committee provide an annual report that includes its activities, comments relating to the reports provided by states, information relating to the Optional Protocol of the CEDAW, and any other general suggestions or recommendations the committee has made. This report is given to the

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reports discussing the current picture of discrimination against women in the reporting states are required to specifically deal with each article of the CEDAW, and consist of no more than one-hundred pages. States are required to prepare and present these initial reports within one year of ratifying the CEDAW. Periodic reports detailing the state's progress in adhering to the articles of the CEDAW should be no more than seventy-five pages in length and should focus on the specific period of time since the state's last report. States party to the CEDAW are typically required to provide periodic reports every four years, but if the committee is concerned about the situation in that state they can request a report at any time.

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the gender related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women. The recommendations issued by the committee in its first decade were short and dealt mainly with the content of states' reports and reservations to the convention. Since 1991, however, recommendations have been focused on guiding states' application of the CEDAW in specific situations. The formulation of a general recommendation begins with dialogue between the committee on the topic in the recommendation with various non-governmental organizations and other UN bodies. The recommendation is then drafted by a member of the committee and discussed and revised in the next session, and finally adopted in the following session.

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responsibilities the members of the committee recite the following statement, known as the solemn declaration, "I solemnly declare that I shall perform my duties and exercise powers as a member of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women honourably, faithfully, impartially and conscientiously". The members come from a wide range of occupations including doctors, lawyers, diplomats and educators, providing various viewpoints to the committee due to their diversity. Many members continue to hold full-time jobs outside the committee and receive little monetary payment for their work on the committee.

1639:(2013) discusses "women in conflict prevention, conflict and post-conflict situations." Here, the Committee said states parties are obliged to uphold women's rights before, during, and after conflict when they are directly involved in fighting, and/or are providing peacekeeping troops or donor assistance for conflict prevention, humanitarian aid or post-conflict reconstruction. The committee also stated that ratifying states should exercise due diligence in ensuring that non-state actors, such as armed groups and private security contractors, be held accountable for crimes against women. 2222: 1134: 5974: 2180: 2397:. Alsalem's paper discussed the definition of "woman" in international human rights treaties, particularly CEDAW. Alsalem argues that while CEDAW does not explicitly define "woman", it refers to biological females and that sex and sex-based discrimination in that context is understood as a biological category. The outcome of the case is viewed as one of great significance to advocates of female-only services and spaces in Australia, and for all countries around the world where CEDAW has been ratified. 1325:

convention, with thirty-nine reservations. Because reservations to Article 29 are expressly allowed by the convention itself, these reservations were not very controversial. Article 16, concerning the equality of women in marriage and family life is subject to twenty-three reservations. The committee, in General Recommendation No. 28, specifically stated that reservations to Article 2, concerning general non-discrimination, are impermissible. However, Article 2 has seventeen reservations.

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committee it has been suggested that the government officials who prepare reports presented to the committee should be trained, in order to make all reports uniform and more easily processed. A final suggestion for improvement is the implementation of a right of petition in the CEDAW, allowing the committee to hear complaints from citizens of a state against the state, increasing the committee's strength and direct impact on the problem of discrimination against women.

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allowed it to meet more than once a year, and have taken advantage of this by meeting at least twice a year since 1997. The committee originally only met for two weeks in its annual sessions, but that has now been changed to meeting multiple times a year in eighteen-day sessions. CEDAW also gained new complaint and inquiry proceedings allowing the committee to initiate inquiry proceedings if it believes a state is in severe violation of the articles of the CEDAW.

1916: 45: 1726:, with any statement made in one of the official languages translated into the other four. A speaker who does not speak one of the official languages provides a translator. All formal decisions and documents issued by the committee are provided in each of the official languages. The original rules of procedure adopted by the committee did not include Arabic as an official language, but the rule was amended in the committees second session to include Arabic. 2285: 2201: 1762:. The members of the committee differ from those of other treaty bodies of the United Nations in that they have all been women with only one exception. In the event a member of the committee is unable to continue serving on the committee before their term is up, the state that had nominated the resigning member shall nominate another expert from their country to fill the seat. Committee members and experts also attend an annual luncheon, hosted by the 2047: 2115: 2243: 1384: 1958: 2094: 2024: 1937: 159: 1893: 2157: 2003: 1979: 1423: 1804: 1870: 2136: 1825: 2366:

the Nordic countries. Bergby was the third man in a row from the Nordic countries nominated to the committee while no women had been nominated from the Nordic countries since the 1990s; the Norwegian Foreign Ministry told the women's rights NGOs that they refused to nominate a woman as a matter of principle because they wanted a man for the third time due to a need for "men's voices". Law professor at the

5071: 1627:(2010) discusses "the core obligations of states parties under Article 2." Here, the Committee states that reservations to Article 2 are incompatible with the object and purpose of the convention and therefore impermissible under Article 28. The Committee encouraged states parties to withdraw any reservations to Article 2 as soon as possible. 1334:

Article 17 of the CEDAW, which also established the rules, purpose, and operating procedures of the committee. Throughout its years of operation the committee has held multiple sessions to ensure the rules outlined in the CEDAW are being followed. Over time the practices of the committee have evolved due to an increased focus on

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Despite evolving since the committee was first formed, members believe there are ways in which the committee can better meet the goals outlined in the CEDAW. One of the committee's main goals moving forward is expanding its information base, allowing it to more effectively deal with issues that arise

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Resolution 1820 links sexual violence as a tactic of war with the maintenance of international peace and security. It also demands a comprehensive report from the UN Secretary-General on implementation and strategies for improving information flow to the Security Council; and the adoption of concrete

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provides protections for rural women and their special problems, ensuring the right of women to participate in development programs, "to have access to adequate health care facilities," "to participate in all community activities," "to have access to agricultural credit" and "to enjoy adequate living

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Any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the

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authorizing the number of regular sessions held. In addition, special sessions can be held at the request of either a state party to the convention or the majority of the members serving on the committee. Seventy-two sessions have been held to date, with the most recent taking place from 18 February

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A General Comment from the CEDAW committee could strengthen women's advocacy for the full implementation of Resolutions 1325 and 1820 at the country and community levels. Conversely, CEDAW's relevance to conflict-affected areas will be underscored further by the two Resolutions. In other words, all

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and at its dissolution," "the same rights and responsibilities as parents," "the same rights to decide freely and responsibly on the number and spacing of their children," "the same personal rights as husband and wife, including the right to choose a family name, a profession and an occupation" "the

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whose candidacy had been supported by all the large women's rights NGOs and the research environments in women's law in the Nordic countries as well as the outgoing Nordic committee member Niklas Bruun; as a result Bergby's nomination was 'widely condemned' by women's rights NGOs and experts in all

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Along with issuing its annual report and offering advice to reporting states, the committee has the ability to issue general recommendations that elaborate on its views of the obligations imposed by CEDAW. To date, the committee has issued thirty-two general recommendations, the latest dealing with

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Several regional and international meetings including the High Level Seminar "1325 in 2020: Looking Forward...Looking Back", organized by the African Center for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes, and the "Stockholm International Conference 10 years with 1325 – What now?" called for the use of

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The 10th anniversary of Resolution 1325 in October 2010 highlighted the increasing demand for accountability to UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security. Many expressed concern about the fact that only 22 Member States out of 192 have adopted national action plans. Women are

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to deliver reports discussing women's rights issues in the state under discussion. Another method for gathering information is requesting reports from non-governmental organizations dealing with discrimination against women that are operating in the country under discussion. This is recommended to

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given to the committee by the CEDAW was their general recommendations and concluding comments following a report. Due to the emergence of the Global Campaign for Women's Human Rights in 1991 more attention was given to the CEDAW, reviving the committee. The committee made changes to the CEDAW that

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The committee chooses which reports addressing by considering factors such as the amount of time the report has been pending, whether the report is initial or periodic (with more priority given to initial reports), and from which region the report originates. Eight states are invited to give their

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in Geneva. At its regular sessions, the Committee hears reports from states party to the CEDAW on their progress in adhering to CEDAW and implementing its ideas in their countries. The committee also holds pre-sessional work groups to discuss the issues and questions that the committee should deal

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required for it to enter into force. Article 17 of the CEDAW established the committee in order to ensure that the provisions of the CEDAW were followed by the countries that had signed and agreed to be bound by it. The first regular session of the committee was held from 18 to 22 October 1982. In

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The United States made several unsuccessful attempts at ratification in 1988, 1990, 1994, 2000 and 2010. Within the United States, over 40 cities and local governments have adopted CEDAW ordinances or resolutions. The adoption of these measures has spawned a "Cities for CEDAW" movement in the U.S.

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These realities emphasized the need to use external legal mechanisms to strengthen the implementation of SCR 1325, particularly CEDAW. The well-established mechanisms of CEDAW – the Member States compliance report and the civil society shadow reporting process were cited as possible instruments to

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These articles describe the composition and procedures of the CEDAW Committee, like the hierarchical structure and rules and regulations of systematic procedure of the relationship between CEDAW and national and international legislation and the obligation of States to take all steps necessary to

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The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, usually abbreviated as "CEDAW Committee", is the United Nations (UN) treaty body that oversees the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). The formation of this committee was outlined in

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The officers of the committee are composed of a chairperson, three vice-chairpersons and a rapporteur. Officers of the committee are nominated by another member of the committee, as opposed to a government which nominates members for the committee. All officers are elected by majority vote to a

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Article 28 of the convention states that "a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the present convention shall not be permitted." As a result, many states parties have entered objections to the reservations of other states parties. Specifically, many Nordic states parties were

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of the CEDAW states must report to the committee on the progress they have made in implementing the CEDAW within their state. As most of the information the committee works with comes from these reports, guidelines have been developed to help states prepare accurate and useful reports. Initial

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Another recommendation for improvement involves interpreting and clarifying the language used in the CEDAW in order to make the document as useful as it can be. A third improvement that has been suggested is improving the efficiency of the committee. Due to the backlog in reports faced by the

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Twenty-three members serve on the committee, described as experts for their experience and expertise in women's issues. The members are nominated by their national governments and elected through a secret ballot by states party to the convention. Upon winning the election and taking up their

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As of May 2015, sixty-two states parties have entered reservations against some part of the convention. Twenty-four states parties have entered objections to at least one of these reservations. The most reserved article is Article 29, concerning dispute resolution and interpretation of the

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into their domestic legislation, repeal all discriminatory provisions in their laws, and enact new provisions to guard against discrimination against women. States ratifying the convention must also establish tribunals and public institutions to guarantee women effective protection against

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guarantees equality to women "in economic and social life," especially with respect to "the right to family benefits, the right to bank loans, mortgages and other forms of financial credit, and the right to participate in recreational activities, sports and all aspects of cultural life."

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have been entered against certain articles of the convention. There are also some reservations that are not specific to an article within the convention but rather a general reservation to all aspects of the convention that would violate a stated principle. For example,

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Resolution 1325 is an international law unanimously adopted by the Security Council that mandates the UN Member States to engage women in all aspects of peacebuilding including ensuring women's participation on all levels of decision–making on peace and security issues.

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similar to other mainstream organizations. They also claim that UN members cannot create goals which represent values of the poor, conservative, religious, or weak, because few, if any, UN officials/staff are actually from this group for which they claim to represent.

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While CEDAW and UN Security Council Resolutions 1325 and 1820 on Women, Peace and Security are important international instruments on their own, there is also an intersection among the three standards that can be used to enhance their implementation and impact.

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Resolutions 1325 and 1820 broaden the scope of CEDAW application by clarifying its relevance to all parties in conflict, whereas CEDAW provides concrete strategic guidance for actions to be taken on the broad commitments outlined in the two Resolutions.

1573:(1992) discusses "violence against women." Specifically, it states that "he definition of discrimination includes gender-based violence, that is, violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately." 2307: 6261: 5596: 1234: 128: 2370:

Cecilia Bailliet stated that the women's rights NGOs in the Nordic countries were "shocked" over the nomination of Bergby over a "more qualified" woman and that Norway had "violated its commitments to gender equality as well as Norwegian law".

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CEDAW is a global human rights treaty that should be incorporated into national law as the highest standard for women's rights. It requires the UN Member States that have ratified it (185 to date) to set in place mechanisms to fully realize

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prohibits "discrimination against women in all matters relating to marriage and family relations." In particular, it provides men and women with "the same right to enter into marriage, the same right freely to choose a spouse," "the same

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creates the obligation of states parties to "take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of healthcare in order to ensure...access to health care services, including those related to

6196: 5426: 790:, it was instituted on 3 September 1981 and has been ratified by 189 states. Over fifty countries that have ratified the convention have done so subject to certain declarations, reservations, and objections, including 38 5468: 6281: 2441: 675: 4247: 162: 6166: 848: 2671: 17: 6151: 6048: 798:

for disputes concerning the interpretation or application of the convention. Australia's declaration noted the limitations on central government power resulting from its federal constitutional system. The

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is a side-agreement to the convention which allows its parties to recognise the competence of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women to consider complaints from individuals.

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same rights for both spouses in respect of the ownership, acquisition, management, administration, enjoyment and disposition of property, whether free of charge or for a valuable consideration."

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The Optional Protocol was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 6 October 1999 and entered into force on 22 December 2000. As of June 2024 it has 80 signatories and 115 parties.

5752: 4758: 4195: 706: 6010: 5034: 4326:"Position paper on the definition of “woman” in international human rights treaties, in particular the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women." 3565: 3033: 2500: 3540: 2845: 6515: 5150: 4738: 701: 1220:

Ensure that women's experiences, needs and perspectives are incorporated into the political, legal and social decisions that determine the achievement of just and lasting peace

851:, "both with regard to the scope of its substantive obligations and its international monitoring mechanisms". The convention is structured in six parts with 30 articles total. 6271: 6211: 6074: 2421: 870:(Articles 10–14) describes the economic and social rights of women, particularly focusing on education, employment, and health. Part III also includes special protections for 645: 4032: 7330: 5488: 4251: 3117:"General recommendation No. 28 on the core obligations of States parties under article 2 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women" 6440: 5628: 4654: 4605: 2964: 7420: 5568: 5416: 2663: 2406: 6565: 4623: 966:. It also mandates the states parties "o ensure...the recognition of the common responsibility of men and women in the upbringing and development of their children." 2345:, who are skeptical of the power, or even desire, of CEDAW to radically transform societies and truly liberate women, and claim that CEDAW adheres to a form of weak 343: 7405: 6555: 6080: 5140: 5076: 5029: 4793: 2426: 990:, participation in government, and participation in "non-governmental organizations and associations concerned with the public and political life of the country." 660: 7035: 6830: 6460: 996:

provides that states parties will guarantee women's equal "opportunity to represent their Government at the international level and to participate in the work of

7020: 6296: 5478: 5294: 4325: 3695: 3658: 2989: 1645:(2014) is a joint recommendation with the Committee on the Rights of the Child discussing "harmful practices." For the first time, the Committee joined with the 6625: 4299: 2800: 7440: 7155: 5777: 5463: 4588: 1795: 1738:

To insure that the nationality of members encompasses all the diverse states who have signed the CEDAW, members are elected according to regions divided into

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requires states parties to take measures to seek to eliminate prejudices and customs based on the idea of the inferiority or the superiority of one sex or on

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concerned that some of the reservations were "undermining the integrity of the text." Over the years, some states parties have withdrawn their reservations.

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These articles describe the general administrative procedures concerning enforcement of CEDAW, ratification and entering reservations of concerned states.

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still underrepresented, if not totally absent, in most official peace negotiations and sexual violence in peacetime and in conflict continue to increase.

892:(Articles 23–30) describes the effects of the convention on other treaties, the commitment of the states parties and the administration of the convention. 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5483: 5377: 4999: 2696: 2431: 308: 4075: 7410: 5767: 5448: 5326: 4905: 4851: 4768: 4684: 4669: 4277: 7190: 3510: 6605: 5903: 5046: 4763: 3401: 6370: 5321: 5101: 4593: 4559: 4480: 4341: 3138: 1285:

in 2007 has also ratified the treaty in its legislature, but is unrecognized by the United Nations and is a party to the treaty only unofficially.

757: 4225: 2361:, caused controversy, after the Norwegian government had used "radical gender quotas" to nominate him over a 'more qualified' woman, CEDAW expert 7445: 7430: 6945: 6241: 6086: 5996: 5877: 5521: 5516: 5372: 4870: 2461: 886:(Articles 17–22) establishes the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women as well as the states parties' reporting procedure. 4115: 3297: 925:

discrimination, and take steps to eliminate all forms of discrimination practiced against women by individuals, organizations, and enterprises.

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to release a comprehensive interpretation of the obligations of States to prevent and eliminate harmful practices done to women and girls.

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three international instruments will reinforce each other and be much more effective if used together in leveraging women's human rights.

1020:. It also provides equal access to athletics, scholarships and grants as well as requires "reduction in female students' drop out rates." 864:(Articles 7–9) outlines women's rights in the public sphere with an emphasis on political life, representation, and rights to nationality. 7110: 6705: 6545: 6350: 6171: 5130: 4380: 3936: 2916: 2892: 2446: 3915: 3558: 3533: 3025: 7165: 6585: 6107: 6059: 5865: 5799: 5511: 5438: 5421: 4783: 4733: 4659: 4600: 4536: 4402: 4361:

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and its Optional Protocol: Handbook for Parliamentarians

4100: 4054: 2841: 1446: 711: 655: 636: 4375: 7465: 7000: 6156: 6102: 5157: 4865: 4644: 4583: 3330: 2456: 1561:(1991) discusses "measurement and qualification of the unremenerated domestic activities of women and their recognition in the GNP." 7300: 7230: 6465: 5871: 5705: 4992: 4930: 4890: 4778: 4442: 4028: 4006: 880:(Article 15 and 16) outlines women's right to equality in marriage and family life along with the right to equality before the law. 4370: 3719:"General recommendation No. 32 on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women" 3428:"General recommendation No. 32 on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women" 2775: 2734:"Written Statement submitted to CEDAW on the occasion of the General Discussion on Women in Conflict and Post-conflict Situations" 7425: 7340: 6680: 4679: 4532: 4462: 1401: 627: 6850: 6420: 1346:

The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women was formed on 3 September 1981 after the CEDAW received the 20

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Government Information Office, Republic of China (Taiwan). "Taiwan Aims to Sign Up Against Discrimination." 8 September 2006.

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Clark, Belinda (1991). "The Vienna Convention Reservations Regime and the Convention on the Discrimination Against Women".

1690: 1646: 750: 7470: 3959:"Status of Treaties - Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women" 3192: 7435: 6685: 6395: 6288: 6256: 5833: 5828: 5252: 5120: 4982: 4885: 4808: 4748: 4163: 4186:"Forbigår den beste: Driver Utenriksdepartementet (UD) radikal kjønnskvotering av menn – som er forbudt i arbeidslivet?" 7455: 6950: 6815: 6365: 6266: 5954: 5199: 4987: 4977: 4649: 4612: 2394: 3691: 3650: 2978: 7315: 7235: 7210: 7195: 6985: 6785: 6780: 6570: 6092: 5939: 5623: 5355: 5224: 4955: 4935: 4875: 4860: 4303: 3826: 3764: 430: 3692:"UN human rights experts set out countries' obligations to tackle harmful practices such as FGM and forced marriage" 1355:

becoming chairperson. Other officers elected were three vice-chairpersons: M. Caron of Canada, Z. Ilic of

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made a reservation stating it approved the convention "in each and every one of its parts which are not contrary to

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identical to that of men." It also accords "to men and women the same rights with regard to the law relating to the

7370: 7275: 7240: 7170: 7075: 6905: 6900: 6725: 6660: 6635: 6495: 6410: 5850: 5019: 4248:"Change is inevitable: people demand the human right to access safe abortion across Europe – Amnesty International" 2941: 1317:." A number of these reservations, especially those entered by Islamic states parties, are subject to much debate. 266: 2740:. Global Network of Women Peacebuilders (GNWP) – International Civil society Action Network (ICAN). Archived from 1217:

Recognition of the fact that distinct experiences and burdens of women and girls come from systemic discrimination

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Rejection of violence against women as it impedes the advancement of women and maintains their subordinate status

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The committee is allowed to hold as many meetings as are required to perform their duties effectively, with the

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Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol)

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United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV) Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples

6139: 5204: 4728: 4664: 4566: 3810: 3230: 1655:(2014) discusses "gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women." 2707: 457: 7385: 7290: 7265: 7260: 7225: 7220: 7145: 7125: 7105: 6980: 6895: 6825: 6745: 6700: 6695: 6630: 6590: 6550: 6510: 6425: 6306: 5898: 5816: 5737: 5695: 5655: 5583: 5264: 5189: 5174: 4503: 3722: 3587: 3435: 3395:"Overview of the current working methods of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women" 3120: 2836: 2834: 2832: 1393:

The rules regarding where and when the committee can hold sessions are laid out in their rules of procedure.

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equality between men and women shall not be considered discrimination." It adds that special protection for

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without loss of former employment, seniority or social allowances." Dismissal on the grounds of maternity,

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to women "on a basis of equality with men" through the "political, social, economic, and cultural fields."

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obliges states parties to "take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to suppress all forms of

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Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention)

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See New Zealand No 47 Declarations and Reservations New Zealand has signed this treaty on behalf of Niue.

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insure that the committee is receiving the full, unbiased picture of affairs within the reporting state.

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this session the first officers of the committee were elected by simple majority, with Ms. L. Ider of

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For the first ten years the committee operated significantly differently from now. The only form of

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on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women (Belém do Pará Convention)

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Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

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Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

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List of parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

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mandates state parties to "grant women equal rights with men to acquire, change or retain their

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Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families

5732: 5194: 4915: 3932: 3883: 3853: 3798: 3756: 2411: 726: 186: 3802: 3223:

The Work of CEDAW: Reports of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women

2888: 6113: 5959: 5931: 5923: 5720: 5618: 5331: 4773: 4494: 3912: 1633:(2013) discusses "economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution." 1212: 600: 452: 420: 5762: 3790: 3716: 3671: 3627: 3608: 3581: 3556: 3531: 3425: 3114: 1371:

of the committee. During this session, the committee also unanimously approved to adopt its

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Resolutions 1325 and 1820, and CEDAW share the following agenda on women's human rights and

6191: 6043: 5949: 5913: 5908: 5860: 5591: 4840: 1766:(NGO CSW/NY), where key issues are discusses and the efforts of the committee are honored. 1089:

obliges states parties to guarantee "women equality with men before the law," including "a

973: 281: 5681:

International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World

4190: 4158: 3326: 8: 6340: 5988: 5650: 4408:

Introductory note by Dubravka Šimonović, procedural history note and audiovisual material

2379: 2185: 1094: 1017: 977: 435: 403: 373: 363: 276: 4466: 3984: 3793:

Human rights and gender violence : translating international law into local justice

3291:"Rules of Procedure of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women" 6360: 5782: 3745: 3090: 3082: 2764: 2367: 2338: 1410: 1387: 1372: 1133: 1031: 932: 795: 696: 516: 425: 220: 6197:

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

5792: 5747: 5727: 5612: 5382: 5276: 5214: 5014: 4475: 4094: 4048: 3806: 3791: 3760: 3226: 3188: 3094: 2816: 2471: 2342: 2099: 1335: 1305: 1173: 622: 554: 531: 323: 318: 286: 6192:

International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid

3221:

United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (1989).

2390: 6302:

on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities

5348: 5288: 5258: 4940: 4634: 4360: 3996: 3584:"General recommendation No. 27 on older women and protection of their human rights" 3189:"Fact Sheet No. 22, Discrimination Against Women: The Convention and the Committee" 3074: 2442:

Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence

2354: 2346: 1723: 1719: 1707: 1205:

Equality of women and men under the law; protection of women and girls through the

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guarantees women equality in political and public life with a focus on equality in

858:(Articles 1–6) focuses on non-discrimination, sex stereotypes, and sex trafficking. 595: 580: 291: 6162:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

4116:"A Call for Transparency in Nominations to International Committees and Tribunals" 2321:

Controversy around CEDAW comes from two opposite directions: social and religious

6435: 6246: 4711: 4274:"Andorre : la militante des droits des femmes Mendoza Cortés devant le juge" 3919: 3851: 3717:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (14 November 2014).

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Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (16 December 2010).

3426:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (14 November 2014).

3324: 3288: 3186: 3115:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (16 December 2010).

2920: 2697:"Ensuring Accountability to UNSCR 1325 and 1820 using CEDAW reporting mechanisms" 2382:

and was subsequently taken to court for defamation by the government of Andorra.

1994: 1715: 1426: 1409:

building in New York City, with the fortieth and subsequent sessions held at the

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The six UN member states that have not ratified or acceded to the convention are

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mandates that states parties ratifying the convention declare intent to enshrine

831: 716: 670: 617: 575: 565: 488: 447: 388: 358: 328: 235: 5973: 4416:

Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law

4415: 3854:"Membership of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women" 3557:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (5 December 2008).

4451: 2062: 2039: 1861: 1759: 1755: 1397: 1328: 1090: 783: 478: 415: 393: 353: 296: 4407: 4153: 1555:(1991) discusses "unpaid women workers in rural and urban family enterprises." 6389: 6049:

Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples

3393:

United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.

3355:

United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.

2358: 2330: 2172: 1908: 1885: 1739: 1260: 1027: 800: 210: 200: 4342:"Tickle v Giggle: Australian court to decide who are women and who are not." 3357:"Report of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women" 2842:"Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women" 2631:"Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women" 5978: 5855: 5715: 4716: 4149: 3752: 2476: 2386: 2322: 2269: 1851: 1347: 1275: 1105: 1016:

mandates equal opportunity in education for female students and encourages

942: 526: 500: 493: 368: 4412:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

4001: 3830: 2914:

Baldez, Lisa, Why Hasn't the US Ratified the UN Women's Rights Convention?

1142:

Resolutions 1325 10th anniversary events highlight use of CEDAW mechanisms

772:

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women

163:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

38:

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women

5944: 5758:

Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)

4145: 3327:"Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women – Sessions" 2416: 2362: 2075: 1921: 1289: 1206: 1007: 963: 871: 721: 560: 521: 473: 398: 383: 205: 2933: 1010:" and equal rights "with respect to the nationality of their children." 5845: 4910: 3747:

Women's human rights : seeking gender justice in a globalizing age

3086: 2326: 2290: 2206: 1368: 1356: 1310: 1043: 960: 240: 166: 2706:. Global Network of Women Peacebuilders. November 2010. Archived from 44: 3672:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (2014).

3628:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (2013).

3609:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (2013).

3532:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (2004).

2120: 2052: 1743: 1383: 1055: 950: 791: 348: 333: 245: 225: 3078: 2913: 1621:(2010) discusses "older women and protection of their human rights." 6167:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

4835: 4823: 3718: 3583: 3427: 3116: 2466: 2334: 2248: 1663:

Trafficking in women and girls in the context of global migration.

1352: 1271: 1211:

Demand security forces and systems to protect women and girls from

987: 946: 849:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

808: 215: 2437:

Global Implementation Plan to End Violence against Women and Girls

1519:(1989) discusses "the tenth anniversary of the adoption of CEDAW." 1422: 794:

who rejected the enforcement article 29, which addresses means of

7416:

Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

5753:

Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice

4420: 2029: 1963: 1942: 1672: 1405:

to 9 March 2019. The first thirty-nine sessions were held at the

1248: 816: 570: 4300:"Criminalisation against Stop Violències | Front Line Defenders" 913:

political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.

7396:

Treaties adopted by United Nations General Assembly resolutions

4900: 4818: 4788: 4753: 4376:

UN WOMEN Singapore Committee – Governance, Peace & Security

4329:

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

1898: 1875: 1747: 1711: 1364: 1360: 1314: 1282: 905: 611: 18:

UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women

6212:

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

6075:

Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women

2422:

Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women

1537:(1989) discusses "equal remuneration for work of equal value." 1495:(1988) discusses "effective national machinery and publicity." 6031: 4798: 3857: 3356: 2227: 2162: 2141: 2008: 1984: 1830: 1585:(1994) discusses "equality in marriage and family relations." 1525:(1989) discusses "technical advisory services for reporting." 1477:(1987) discusses "education and public information programs." 1256: 1252: 1244: 824: 820: 804: 787: 1329:

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women

931:

requires states parties to guarantee basic human rights and

2765:"CEDAW and Security Council Resolution 1325: A Quick Guide" 1809: 1751: 1689:

of the CEDAW to invite specialized UN agencies such as the

1240: 1184:

protection and prevention measures to end sexual violence.

812: 313: 6018: 3933:"Optional Protocol to Women's Convention Comes into Force" 2889:"Why Won't the U.S. Ratify the CEDAW Human Rights Treaty?" 2407:

Special Measures for Gender Equality in the United Nations

2965:"Local Implementation of CEDAW Is at an Inflection Point" 1097:

and the freedom to choose their residence and domicile."

1058:

or status of marriage shall be prohibited with sanction.

6081:

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women

3985:"Gender and democratic citizenship: the impact of CEDAW" 2427:

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women

1729: 1137:

A world map showing countries by CEDAW enforcement, 2010

3852:

U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.

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U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.

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U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.

3187:

U.N. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.

2378:

presented a case to CEDAW for the decriminalisation of

6516:

Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

1597:(1997) discusses "women in political and public life." 1363:. The final officer elected was D. P. Bernard of 6177:

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

6093:

Declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity

1685:

concerning the CEDAW. The committee is authorized in

147:

Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish

6272:

Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

6207:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

6098:

American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man

5711:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

5661:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

3216: 3214: 3212: 3210: 2515:"Declarations, Reservations and Objections to CEDAW" 1288:

The latest state to have acceded the convention was

830:

The CEDAW Chairperson position is currently held by

778:) is an international treaty adopted in 1979 by the 7331:

Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

2432:

EGM: prevention of violence against women and girls

309:

Post-assault treatment of victims of sexual assault

6441:Treaties of the Afghan Transitional Administration 6326: 5768:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 3744: 1679: 7421:Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands 5904:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights 3784: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3207: 1128: 6387: 6371:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 2821:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 1591:(1995) discusses "Article 20 of the Convention." 7406:Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands 6556:Treaties of the military dictatorship in Brazil 6087:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 5878:World Federation of United Nations Associations 5373:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2979:"Reservations to CEDAW: An Analysis for UNICEF" 2462:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 7021:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia 6202:Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 4331:(OHCHR). 4 April 2024. Accessed 11 April 2024. 3773: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 2325:which claim that CEDAW is seeking to impose a 1609:(2004) discusses "temporary special measures." 1270:that had not acceded to the convention is the 807:have signed, but not ratified the treaty. The 53: Party through Signature and ratification 7441:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles 7156:Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania 6566:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria 6346:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees 6004: 4436: 4120:Voices on international law, policy, practice 3174: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3156: 2803:. Archived from the original on 14 April 2013 1489:(1988) discusses "temporary social measures." 751: 7176:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6356:Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness 6242:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 5773:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 4144: 3645: 3643: 3135:"CEDAW 29th Session 30 June to 25 July 2003" 1706:The official languages of the committee are 7036:Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic 6831:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic 6461:Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola 6351:Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees 6172:Convention on the Political Rights of Women 3989:International Journal of Constitutional Law 3320: 3318: 2447:Convention on the Political Rights of Women 1666: 1341: 1228: 1106:rights and responsibilities during marriage 847:The convention has a similar format to the 65: Unrecognized state, abiding by treaty 59: Party through accession or succession 6626:Treaties of the People's Republic of China 6108:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 6060:Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam 6011: 5997: 5866:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 5778:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities 4443: 4429: 3829:. Ngocsw.org. 26 July 2011. Archived from 3388: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3153: 1659:Currently the committee is working on the 1531:(1989) discusses "violence against women." 1452: 953:is not regarded as gender discrimination. 758: 744: 7411:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands 6033:Declarations, manifestos, and resolutions 4000: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3732: 3640: 3350: 3348: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3067:The American Journal of International Law 2731: 2457:United Nations Development Fund for Women 2353:In 2016 the candidate nominated from the 1615:(2008) discusses "women migrant workers." 7141:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic 6606:Treaties of the Central African Republic 6262:Convention for the Prevention of Torture 5295:Conference on International Organization 4113: 4107: 3315: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3242: 2658: 2656: 1764:NGO Committee on the Status of Women, NY 1471:(1987) discusses "reporting guidelines." 1465:(1986) discusses "reporting guidelines." 1421: 1382: 1132: 5210:Office international d'hygiène publique 3375: 3225:. New York: United Nations. p. 5. 2393:in the form of a position paper to the 2374:In 2019 Andorran human rights activist 2337:standard on countries, in detriment of 1543:(1990) discusses "female circumcision." 1402:Secretary-General of the United Nations 1159:Intersection between SCR 1325 and CEDAW 139:Secretary-General of the United Nations 14: 7446:Treaties extended to British Hong Kong 7431:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands 6946:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 6388: 6070:Declaration of the Rights of the Child 6020:International human rights instruments 5005:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General 4099:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4053:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3982: 3742: 3729: 3680:from the original on 6 September 2015. 3661:from the original on 13 December 2013. 3501: 3499: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3345: 3046: 3036:from the original on 6 September 2015. 2962: 2923:(2011). APSA 2011 Annual Meeting Paper 2762: 2691: 2689: 2575: 2503:from the original on 6 September 2015. 1155:CEDAW to improve 1325 implementation. 27:International bill of rights for women 7461:Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau 7451:Treaties extended to the Cook Islands 6646:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo 6325: 6228: 6182:Convention on the Rights of the Child 6137: 6136: 6119:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants 6054:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 6030: 5992: 5919:UN television film series (1964–1966) 5671:International Narcotics Control Board 5602:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 5390:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants 5361:Convention on the Rights of the Child 5339:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 4424: 3939:from the original on 7 September 2008 3894:from the original on 3 September 2013 3864:from the original on 3 September 2013 3788: 3698:from the original on 29 November 2014 3471: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3239: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3064: 3060: 3058: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3010: 2944:from the original on 15 November 2018 2653: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2554:from the original on 3 September 2013 2521:from the original on 22 December 2011 2452:Maternity Protection Convention, 2000 1730:Members and Officers of the Committee 692:Prosecution of gender-targeted crimes 7401:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man 7336:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates 5743:United Nations Postal Administration 5378:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 5097:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 3617:from the original on 2 January 2017. 3546:from the original on 29 August 2017. 3407:from the original on 22 October 2013 3333:from the original on 5 November 2012 2674:from the original on 16 October 2017 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2571: 2569: 2538: 2536: 2301: 1691:United Nations Development Programme 1647:Committee on the Rights of the Child 1603:(1999) discusses "women and health." 1513:(1989) discusses "statistical data." 6401:Treaties entered into force in 1981 6289:American Convention on Human Rights 5146:Permanent representatives to the UN 5035:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs 4292: 4114:Bailliet, Cecilia (15 March 2016). 3827:"NGO CSW, NY / About / How We Work" 3725:from the original on 22 March 2017. 3123:from the original on 22 March 2017. 2995:from the original on 4 October 2015 2848:from the original on 23 August 2012 2781:from the original on 26 August 2014 2686: 1414:with during the following session. 24: 7111:Treaties of the State of Palestine 6706:Treaties of the Dominican Republic 6546:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina 6267:European Convention on Nationality 5955:Withdrawal from the United Nations 5141:Security Council Permanent members 4450: 4354: 4276:. 7 September 2021. Archived from 4250:. 19 November 2021. Archived from 4166:from the original on 8 August 2020 3751:(Reprinted. ed.). Cambridge: 3590:from the original on 22 March 2017 3450: 3438:from the original on 22 March 2017 3363:from the original on 22 March 2017 3101: 3055: 3007: 2895:from the original on 4 August 2021 2497:"United Nations Treaty Collection" 2395:Australian Human Rights Commission 1567:(1991) discusses "disabled women." 1549:(1990) discusses "women and AIDS." 1034:of all human beings." It requires 896: 25: 7482: 7191:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe 7166:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis 6586:Treaties of the State of Cambodia 6257:Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) 5940:United Nations in popular culture 5624:Expulsion from the United Nations 5569:General Assembly President (2016) 4386: 4381:UN WOMEN "Violence Against Women" 4371:UN WOMEN "Women, War & Peace" 4228:from the original on 13 June 2018 4218:"Oppnevnte mann til kvinnekomité" 4198:from the original on 28 July 2020 4126:from the original on 26 June 2020 3983:Radlay, Frances (30 March 2012). 3636:from the original on 18 May 2015. 3571:from the original on 18 May 2015. 3434:. United Nations. CEDAW/C/GC/32. 3195:from the original on 7 April 2020 3141:from the original on 6 April 2011 2584: 2566: 2533: 837: 7466:Treaties extended to West Berlin 7001:Treaties of the Marshall Islands 6229: 5972: 4302:. 21 August 2021. Archived from 4035:from the original on 11 May 2018 4009:from the original on 4 June 2018 3513:from the original on 10 May 2015 3303:from the original on 7 July 2012 3051:. Foundation Press. p. 822. 3030:United Nations Treaty Collection 2801:"CEDAW with UNSCR 1325 and 1820" 2580:. Foundation Press. p. 221. 2389:, was asked to provide input to 2283: 2262: 2241: 2220: 2199: 2178: 2155: 2134: 2113: 2092: 2068: 2045: 2022: 2001: 1977: 1956: 1935: 1914: 1891: 1868: 1844: 1823: 1802: 1579:(1992) discusses "reservations." 1483:(1987) discusses "reservations." 1195:Demand women's participation in 782:. Described as an international 157: 43: 7301:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago 7231:Treaties of the Solomon Islands 6466:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda 5528:International Court of Justice 5077:Sport for Development and Peace 4334: 4318: 4266: 4240: 4210: 4178: 4138: 4061: 4021: 3976: 3951: 3925: 3906: 3876: 3845: 3819: 3710: 3684: 3674:"General Recommendation No. 31" 3665: 3630:"General Recommendation No. 30" 3621: 3611:"General Recommendation No. 29" 3602: 3575: 3559:"General Recommendation No. 26" 3550: 3534:"General Recommendation No. 25" 3525: 3419: 3127: 3040: 3026:"Declarations and Reservations" 2971: 2956: 2926: 2907: 2881: 2872: 2860: 2793: 2641:from the original on 7 May 2015 2151:Bandana Rana (Vice-chairperson) 1680:Recommendations for improvement 1443:United Nations General Assembly 1299: 780:United Nations General Assembly 7426:Treaties extended to Greenland 7341:Treaties of the United Kingdom 6681:Treaties of the Czech Republic 6329:International humanitarian law 5205:Permanent Court of Arbitration 5200:International Peace Conference 4567:International Court of Justice 2963:Hansel, Mary (10 March 2022). 2934:"Background, Cities for CEDAW" 2756: 2725: 2507: 2489: 2316: 1129:CEDAW with UNSCR 1325 and 1820 1116:implement CEDAW in full form. 827:are not signatories to CEDAW. 13: 1: 6776:Treaties of Georgia (country) 6731:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea 6297:to Prevent and Punish Torture 5738:Sustainable Development Goals 5265:Declaration by United Nations 5190:International Telegraph Union 2482: 1653:General Recommendation No. 32 1643:General Recommendation No. 31 1637:General Recommendation No. 30 1631:General Recommendation No. 29 1625:General Recommendation No. 28 1619:General Recommendation No. 27 1613:General Recommendation No. 26 1607:General Recommendation No. 25 1601:General Recommendation No. 24 1595:General Recommendation No. 23 1589:General Recommendation No. 22 1583:General Recommendation No. 21 1577:General Recommendation No. 20 1571:General Recommendation No. 19 1565:General Recommendation No. 18 1559:General Recommendation No. 17 1553:General Recommendation No. 16 1547:General Recommendation No. 15 1541:General Recommendation No. 14 1535:General Recommendation No. 13 1529:General Recommendation No. 12 1523:General Recommendation No. 11 1517:General Recommendation No. 10 1507:(1988) discusses "Article 8." 1501:(1988) discusses "resources." 1050:"with pay or with comparable 637:International legal framework 7246:Treaties of the Soviet Union 7121:Treaties of Papua New Guinea 6651:Treaties of the Cook Islands 6406:Anti-discrimination treaties 5666:International Criminal Court 5102:UN organizations by location 1701: 1511:General Recommendation No. 9 1505:General Recommendation No. 8 1499:General Recommendation No. 7 1493:General Recommendation No. 6 1487:General Recommendation No. 5 1481:General Recommendation No. 4 1475:General Recommendation No. 3 1469:General Recommendation No. 2 1463:General Recommendation No. 1 978:exploitation of prostitution 906:discrimination against women 732:Violence against LGBT people 606:Online gender-based violence 302:Violence against prostitutes 7: 7136:Treaties of the Philippines 7071:Treaties of the Netherlands 6966:Treaties of North Macedonia 5800:Security Council veto power 5107:Sexual Violence in Conflict 5030:Economic and Social Affairs 4601:Economic and Social Council 3789:Merry, Sally Engle (2006). 2772:Women, Peace & Security 2400: 1779:CEDAW Committee Membership 1447:Economic and Social Council 1407:United Nations headquarters 1400:party to the CEDAW and the 1378: 1359:and L. Mukayiranga of 998:international organizations 874:and the problems they face. 10: 7487: 7436:Treaties extended to Aruba 6851:Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq 6686:Treaties of Czechoslovakia 6421:Women's rights instruments 6396:Treaties concluded in 1979 6293:Inter-American Convention 6157:Convention against Torture 5851:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea 5676:International Day of Peace 5158:General Assembly Observers 4481:General Assembly President 2732:GNWP-ICAN (18 July 2011). 1417: 1283:Republic of China (Taiwan) 1232: 1122:(Administration of CEDAW) 842: 272:Sexual violence statistics 7456:Treaties extended to Niue 6951:Treaties of Liechtenstein 6816:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau 6336: 6321: 6237: 6224: 6147: 6132: 6039: 6026: 5968: 5891: 5582: 5504: 5407: 5395:World Heritage Convention 5304: 5283:Dumbarton Oaks Conference 5245: 5182: 5173: 5119: 4993:General Assembly Building 4966: 4849: 4621: 4520: 4502: 4493: 4458: 4365:Inter-Parliamentary Union 1952:Esther Eghobamien-Mshelia 1770:Officers of the Committee 941:notes that "doption...of 591:Intimate partner violence 484:Female genital mutilation 262:Causes of sexual violence 156: 151: 143: 135: 123: 115: 107: 99: 91: 83: 42: 37: 7316:Treaties of Turkmenistan 7236:Treaties of South Africa 7211:Treaties of Sierra Leone 7196:Treaties of Saudi Arabia 6986:Treaties of the Maldives 6786:Treaties of East Germany 6781:Treaties of West Germany 6571:Treaties of Burkina Faso 5701:Military Staff Committee 5040:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 4543:Deputy Secretary-General 4472:Deputy Secretary-General 3797:(. ed.). Chicago : 1667:Changes in the committee 1342:History of the committee 1229:Members and ratification 1040:right to social security 1036:equal pay for equal work 7471:1979 in women's history 7371:Treaties of South Yemen 7276:Treaties of Switzerland 7241:Treaties of South Sudan 7171:Treaties of Saint Lucia 7076:Treaties of New Zealand 6906:Treaties of South Korea 6901:Treaties of North Korea 6726:Treaties of El Salvador 6661:Treaties of Ivory Coast 6636:Treaties of the Comoros 6496:Treaties of the Bahamas 6411:United Nations treaties 6065:Declaration of Montreal 5872:Woodrow Wilson Memorial 5834:UN International School 5829:UN Federal Credit Union 5810:Security Council reform 5646:Four Nations Initiative 5574:Security Council (2016) 5417:Security Council vetoes 4548:Under-Secretary-General 1453:General Recommendations 1151:ensure accountability. 908:in the following terms: 443:Secondary victimisation 267:Child sexual initiation 254:Sexual assault and rape 7376:Treaties of Yugoslavia 7351:Treaties of Uzbekistan 7286:Treaties of Tajikistan 7206:Treaties of Seychelles 7186:Treaties of San Marino 7051:Treaties of Mozambique 7041:Treaties of Montenegro 7006:Treaties of Mauritania 6971:Treaties of Madagascar 6961:Treaties of Luxembourg 6916:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan 6886:Treaties of Kazakhstan 6771:Treaties of the Gambia 6711:Treaties of East Timor 6656:Treaties of Costa Rica 6601:Treaties of Cape Verde 6506:Treaties of Bangladesh 6491:Treaties of Azerbaijan 5822:Security Council mural 5788:Millennium Declaration 5733:SDG Publishers Compact 5195:Universal Postal Union 4340:Cook, Michael (2024). 4324:Alsalem, Reem (2024). 3799:Univ. of Chicago Press 3743:Reilly, Niamh (2009). 3047:Henkin, Louis (2009). 2576:Henkin, Louis (2009). 2412:Equal Rights Amendment 2376:Vanessa Mendoza Cortés 1661:General Recommendation 1429: 1390: 1138: 964:role for men and women 945:aimed at accelerating 915: 727:Violence against women 187:Violence against women 7391:1979 in New York City 7361:Treaties of Venezuela 7256:Treaties of Sri Lanka 7216:Treaties of Singapore 7081:Treaties of Nicaragua 7011:Treaties of Mauritius 6956:Treaties of Lithuania 6846:Treaties of Indonesia 6806:Treaties of Guatemala 6481:Treaties of Australia 6471:Treaties of Argentina 6114:Yogyakarta Principles 5960:Women in peacekeeping 5619:Drug control treaties 1425: 1386: 1213:gender-based violence 1136: 910: 601:Marry-your-rapist law 596:Marriage by abduction 453:Virgin cleansing myth 7386:Treaties of Zimbabwe 7291:Treaties of Thailand 7266:Treaties of Eswatini 7261:Treaties of Suriname 7226:Treaties of Slovenia 7221:Treaties of Slovakia 7146:Treaties of Portugal 7126:Treaties of Paraguay 7106:Treaties of Pakistan 6981:Treaties of Malaysia 6896:Treaties of Kiribati 6826:Treaties of Honduras 6746:Treaties of the Derg 6701:Treaties of Dominica 6696:Treaties of Djibouti 6631:Treaties of Colombia 6591:Treaties of Cameroon 6551:Treaties of Botswana 6511:Treaties of Barbados 6426:Feminism and society 6044:Brazilian Resolution 5914:United Nations Radio 5909:United Nations Medal 5861:University for Peace 5592:Bretton Woods system 5327:governed territories 5072:Developing Countries 4983:Secretariat Building 4852:Specialized agencies 3963:UN Treaty Collection 3935:. 21 December 2000. 2544:"OHCHR | Membership" 2258:Franceline Toe Bouda 1796:Gladys Acosta Vargas 974:trafficking in women 933:fundamental freedoms 586:Forced sterilisation 282:Cybersex trafficking 7366:Treaties of Vietnam 7356:Treaties of Vanuatu 7346:Treaties of Uruguay 7306:Treaties of Tunisia 7201:Treaties of Senegal 7091:Treaties of Nigeria 7056:Treaties of Namibia 7046:Treaties of Morocco 7026:Treaties of Moldova 6941:Treaties of Liberia 6936:Treaties of Lesotho 6931:Treaties of Lebanon 6871:Treaties of Jamaica 6856:Treaties of Ireland 6836:Treaties of Iceland 6801:Treaties of Grenada 6756:Treaties of Finland 6741:Treaties of Estonia 6736:Treaties of Eritrea 6716:Treaties of Ecuador 6691:Treaties of Denmark 6666:Treaties of Croatia 6581:Treaties of Burundi 6576:Treaties of Myanmar 6541:Treaties of Bolivia 6521:Treaties of Belgium 6501:Treaties of Bahrain 6486:Treaties of Austria 6476:Treaties of Armenia 6456:Treaties of Andorra 6451:Treaties of Algeria 6446:Treaties of Albania 6416:Reproductive rights 6341:Genocide Convention 5686:International Years 5651:Genocide Convention 5087:Outer Space Affairs 5082:Disarmament Affairs 5047:Safety and Security 4988:Conference Building 4968:Secretariat offices 4613:Trusteeship Council 4280:on 7 September 2021 4254:on 19 November 2021 4002:10.1093/icon/mor068 2919:18 May 2022 at the 2380:abortion in Andorra 2186:Trinidad and Tobago 1780: 1268:UN non-member state 1095:movement of persons 277:Forced prostitution 77: Non-signatory 34: 7381:Treaties of Zambia 7326:Treaties of Uganda 7321:Treaties of Tuvalu 7311:Treaties of Turkey 7271:Treaties of Sweden 7161:Treaties of Rwanda 7116:Treaties of Panama 7096:Treaties of Norway 7031:Treaties of Monaco 7016:Treaties of Mexico 6976:Treaties of Malawi 6926:Treaties of Latvia 6911:Treaties of Kuwait 6881:Treaties of Jordan 6861:Treaties of Israel 6811:Treaties of Guinea 6796:Treaties of Greece 6761:Treaties of France 6676:Treaties of Cyprus 6621:Treaties of Taiwan 6596:Treaties of Canada 6561:Treaties of Brunei 6536:Treaties of Bhutan 6526:Treaties of Belize 6361:Geneva Conventions 5706:Official languages 5253:London Declaration 5062:Internal Oversight 5052:Palestinian Rights 4624:Funds, programmes, 3918:9 May 2008 at the 3833:on 11 October 2011 3721:. 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United Nations. 2368:University of Oslo 2339:traditional values 2160: 2130:Ana Pelaez Narvaez 1864:(Vice-chairperson) 1798:(Vice-chairperson) 1778: 1430: 1411:Palais des Nations 1391: 1388:Palais des Nations 1373:rules of procedure 1292:on 30 April 2015. 1139: 517:Narcissistic abuse 32: 7281:Treaties of Syria 7251:Treaties of Spain 7181:Treaties of Samoa 7151:Treaties of Qatar 7086:Treaties of Niger 7066:Treaties of Nepal 7061:Treaties of Nauru 6996:Treaties of Malta 6891:Treaties of Kenya 6876:Treaties of Japan 6866:Treaties of Italy 6841:Treaties of India 6821:Treaties of Haiti 6791:Treaties of Ghana 6766:Treaties of Gabon 6721:Treaties of Egypt 6641:Treaties of Zaire 6616:Treaties of Chile 6531:Treaties of Benin 6383: 6382: 6379: 6378: 6366:Hague Conventions 6317: 6316: 6220: 6219: 6140:International law 6128: 6127: 5986: 5985: 5817:UN Art Collection 5793:Millennium Summit 5748:UN Block By Block 5728:Ralph Bunche Park 5696:UN laissez-passer 5656:UN Global Compact 5613:Delivering as One 5512:Secretary-General 5403: 5402: 5383:Indigenous Caucus 5277:Tehran Conference 5271:Moscow Conference 5246:Preparatory years 5215:League of Nations 5115: 5114: 5015:Palace of Nations 4717:UNEP/GRID-Arendal 4533:Secretary-General 4476:Amina J. Mohammed 4463:Secretary-General 4347:. April 11, 2024. 4306:on 21 August 2021 4194:. 31 March 2016. 4191:Dagens Næringsliv 4159:Dagens Næringsliv 4081:on 10 August 2017 2343:radical feminists 2302:Optional Protocol 2299: 2298: 2279:Aicha Vall Verges 2109:Aruna Devi Narain 1840:Tamader Al-Rammah 1032:unalienable right 1030:for women as "an 768: 767: 623:Toxic masculinity 555:Droit du seigneur 532:Domestic violence 287:Human trafficking 172: 171: 71: Only signed 16:(Redirected from 7478: 7296:Treaties of Togo 7131:Treaties of Peru 7101:Treaties of Oman 6991:Treaties of Mali 6921:Treaties of Laos 6751:Treaties of Fiji 6671:Treaties of Cuba 6611:Treaties of Chad 6431:Women in society 6323: 6322: 6226: 6225: 6134: 6133: 6103:Paris Principles 6028: 6027: 6013: 6006: 5999: 5990: 5989: 5979:World portal 5977: 5976: 5883:Biopiracy treaty 5469:Nagorno-Karabakh 5439:Security Council 5422:General Assembly 5349:Human Rights Day 5289:Yalta Conference 5259:Atlantic Charter 5180: 5179: 5136:Founding members 5057:Peace Operations 4941:World Bank Group 4635:Culture of Peace 4626:and other bodies 4579:Security Council 4555:General Assembly 4521:Principal organs 4500: 4499: 4467:António Guterres 4445: 4438: 4431: 4422: 4421: 4348: 4338: 4332: 4322: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4296: 4290: 4289: 4287: 4285: 4270: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4244: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4214: 4208: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4154:"Ikke til å tro" 4152:(2 April 2016). 4142: 4136: 4135: 4133: 4131: 4111: 4105: 4104: 4098: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4080: 4074:. 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173: 161: 160: 111:20 ratifications 103:3 September 1981 87:18 December 1979 76: 70: 64: 58: 52: 47: 35: 31: 21: 7486: 7485: 7481: 7480: 7479: 7477: 7476: 7475: 6386: 6385: 6384: 6375: 6332: 6313: 6233: 6216: 6143: 6124: 6035: 6022: 6017: 5987: 5982: 5971: 5964: 5887: 5578: 5500: 5399: 5300: 5241: 5183:Preceding years 5169: 5122: 5111: 4970:and departments 4969: 4962: 4854: 4845: 4628: 4625: 4617: 4516: 4489: 4454: 4449: 4403:List of parties 4398:Convention text 4389: 4357: 4355:Further reading 4352: 4351: 4339: 4335: 4323: 4319: 4309: 4307: 4298: 4297: 4293: 4283: 4281: 4272: 4271: 4267: 4257: 4255: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4231: 4229: 4216: 4215: 4211: 4201: 4199: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4169: 4167: 4143: 4139: 4129: 4127: 4112: 4108: 4092: 4091: 4084: 4082: 4078: 4071: 4069:"Archived copy" 4067: 4066: 4062: 4046: 4045: 4038: 4036: 4029:"Archived copy" 4027: 4026: 4022: 4012: 4010: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3920:Wayback Machine 3911: 3907: 3897: 3895: 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5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5166: 5165: 5163:European Union 5155: 5154: 5153: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5127: 5125: 5117: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5110: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5043: 5042: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 5000:Envoy on Youth 4997: 4996: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4974: 4972: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4960: 4959: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4857: 4855: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4827: 4826: 4821: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4725: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4631: 4629: 4622: 4619: 4618: 4616: 4615: 4610: 4609: 4608: 4598: 4597: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4552: 4551: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4524: 4522: 4518: 4517: 4515: 4514: 4508: 4506: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4487: 4485:Dennis Francis 4478: 4469: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4452:United Nations 4448: 4447: 4440: 4433: 4425: 4419: 4418: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4388: 4387:External links 4385: 4384: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4333: 4317: 4291: 4265: 4239: 4209: 4177: 4137: 4106: 4060: 4020: 3995:(2): 512–530. 3975: 3950: 3924: 3905: 3875: 3844: 3818: 3811: 3772: 3765: 3728: 3709: 3683: 3664: 3639: 3620: 3601: 3574: 3549: 3524: 3449: 3418: 3374: 3344: 3314: 3238: 3231: 3206: 3152: 3126: 3100: 3073:(2): 281–321. 3054: 3039: 3006: 2970: 2955: 2925: 2906: 2880: 2871: 2859: 2828: 2792: 2755: 2724: 2685: 2652: 2583: 2565: 2532: 2506: 2487: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2472:Women's rights 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2402: 2399: 2318: 2315: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2296: 2293: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2259: 2255: 2254: 2251: 2238: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2196: 2192: 2191: 2188: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2165: 2152: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2123: 2110: 2106: 2105: 2102: 2089: 2082: 2081: 2078: 2065: 2063:Rosario Manalo 2059: 2058: 2055: 2042: 2040:Dalia Leinarte 2036: 2035: 2032: 2019: 2015: 2014: 2011: 1998: 1991: 1990: 1987: 1974: 1970: 1969: 1966: 1953: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1911: 1905: 1904: 1901: 1888: 1882: 1881: 1878: 1865: 1862:Nicole Ameline 1858: 1857: 1854: 1841: 1837: 1836: 1833: 1820: 1819:Hiroko Akizuki 1816: 1815: 1812: 1799: 1792: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1760:Eastern Europe 1756:Western Europe 1731: 1728: 1703: 1700: 1681: 1678: 1668: 1665: 1657: 1656: 1650: 1640: 1634: 1628: 1622: 1616: 1610: 1604: 1598: 1592: 1586: 1580: 1574: 1568: 1562: 1556: 1550: 1544: 1538: 1532: 1526: 1520: 1514: 1508: 1502: 1496: 1490: 1484: 1478: 1472: 1466: 1454: 1451: 1419: 1416: 1380: 1377: 1343: 1340: 1336:women's rights 1330: 1327: 1315:Islamic Sharia 1301: 1298: 1233:Main article: 1230: 1227: 1222: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1209: 1203: 1200: 1174:women's rights 1130: 1127: 1091:legal capacity 898: 895: 894: 893: 887: 881: 875: 865: 859: 844: 841: 839: 838:The convention 836: 784:bill of rights 766: 765: 763: 762: 755: 748: 740: 737: 736: 735: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 686: 685: 684:Related topics 681: 680: 679: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 640: 639: 633: 632: 631: 630: 625: 620: 615: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 578: 573: 568: 563: 558: 551: 550: 549: 544: 539: 529: 524: 519: 511: 510: 506: 505: 504: 503: 498: 497: 496: 491: 481: 479:Breast ironing 476: 468: 467: 463: 462: 461: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 439: 438: 433: 428: 423: 416:Sexual assault 413: 412: 411: 406: 404:Unacknowledged 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 311: 306: 305: 304: 299: 297:Sexual slavery 294: 289: 284: 274: 269: 264: 256: 255: 251: 250: 249: 248: 243: 238: 233: 231:Pregnant women 228: 223: 218: 213: 208: 203: 195: 194: 190: 189: 183: 182: 170: 169: 154: 153: 149: 148: 145: 141: 140: 137: 133: 132: 125: 121: 120: 117: 113: 112: 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2728: 2713:on 1 May 2012 2709: 2705: 2698: 2692: 2690: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2659: 2657: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2579: 2572: 2570: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2539: 2537: 2520: 2516: 2510: 2502: 2498: 2492: 2488: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2372: 2369: 2364: 2360: 2359:Gunnar Bergby 2356: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2323:conservatives 2314: 2311: 2309: 2294: 2292: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2271: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2250: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2229: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2210: 2208: 2197: 2195:Elgun Safarov 2194: 2193: 2189: 2187: 2176: 2174: 2173:Rhoda Reddock 2171: 2170: 2166: 2164: 2153: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2143: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2122: 2111: 2108: 2107: 2103: 2101: 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Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

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