269:
437:, it starts with a series of loud, measured cracking sounds, sometimes compared to "a huge gate with rusted hinges being forced open". This is then followed by a series of "unearthly screams", ending in a descending series of expiring shrieks. Females also call, but lack the air pouches and enlarged larynges of the males, producing only a feeble imitation. Typically, two peak calling periods occur per night. Times vary, but the first period is often 2–3 hours after dark, and the second at some point after midnight.
291:
55:
1883:
31:
330:
933:
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their forest, revealed that the tree hyrax was found to select for den trees with particular characteristics: seven tree species were selected as den trees, which were usually the tallest trees in the canopy 4–8 m. Den trees were usually only partly decayed, with multiple cavity entrances and trunk angles between 45 and 68°. Cavity entrance and orientation did not appear to play a role in den tree selection by
405:. Of the 16% active time, 4% of the time was used travelling between trees predominantly during daylight hours. They have calling behavior that is strongly prevalent in the dry season. The hyrax calls regularly in the early evening, and often a second time later at night; during rains, though, their calls become infrequent.
362:
Dependent on geographical location, their soft dense coats can range from a pale gray to light or dark brown. The variation is consistent with evolutionary development to aid with camouflage, so that in wetter regions with more verdant and abundant vegetation, they are darker, and in more arid areas,
386:
Tree hyraxes are nocturnal, arboreal folivores, which make use of cavity-bearing trees as dens in forests whereforest fauna decreased due to the change in the structural nature of forests in
Eastern Cape, South Africa. Studies which were used to study the specific habitat requirements of fauna in
607:
Oates, John F.; Woodman, Neal; Gaubert, Philippe; Sargis, Eric J.; Wiafe, Edward D.; Lecompte, Emilie; Dowsett-Lemaire, Françoise; Dowsett, Robert J.; Gonedelé Bi, Sery;
351:
Analysis of calls found that they could be divided into 'shrieking' hyraxes and 'barking' hyraxes, with the barkers being a genetically distinct fourth species.
371:
The habitat of the tree hyrax is mostly in forested places with a mix of older and younger trees. It can be found in elevations up to 4500 m above sea level.
1533:
1498:
1694:
399:
Tree hyraxes were found to be active 16% of the time, during which feeding was their most dominant activity. They mostly feed themselves on leaves of
2010:
1468:
2049:
1752:
1725:
1410:
1337:
1512:
1161:
413:
The tree hyrax diet is plant-based and varies depending on geographical location. In one South
African forest, their principal foods were
1454:
1327:
1297:
1540:
762:
Gaylard, A.; Kerley, G. I. H. (2001). "Habitat assessment for a rare, arboreal forest mammal, the tree hyrax
Dendrohyrax arboreus".
1984:
2108:
2023:
2041:
552:
472:
2028:
965:
807:"Activity patterns and feeding behaviour of the tree hyrax, Dendrohyrax arboreus, in the Parc National des Volcans, Rwanda"
354:
The tree hyrax has four-toed front feet and three-toed back feet with rounded nails, and rubbery soles that help it climb.
746:
462:
1154:
2054:
226:
native to Africa. Distantly related to elephants and sea cows, it comprises the four species in the genus
2036:
1945:
1812:
1147:
1950:
54:
856:"Diet of Tree Hyraxes Dendrohyrax arboreus (Hyracoidea: Procaviidae) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa"
187:
1882:
1577:
1085:
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592:
1841:
958:
156:
903:
687:
Rosti, Hanna; Pihlström, Henry; Bearder, Simon; Pellikka, Petri; Rikkinen, Jouko (December 2020).
672:
617:) from West Africa and the significance of the Niger–Volta interfluvium in mammalian biogeography"
520:
2080:
1898:
2015:
536:
2075:
1936:
937:
2067:
378:, the tree hyrax is much more difficult to spot, as it is both nocturnal and extremely shy.
1971:
818:
771:
543:. In Kingdon, J.; Happold, D.; Hoffmann, M.; Butynski, T.; Happold, M.; Kalina, J. (eds.).
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Hoeck, H.; Rovero, F.; Cordeiro, N.; Butynski, T.; Perkin, A.; Jones, T. (2015).
290:
1921:
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689:"Vocalization Analyses of Nocturnal Arboreal Mammals of the Taita Hills, Kenya"
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Each of the four species of tree hyrax has a distinct territorial call. In
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1801:
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1989:
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1109:
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375:
241:
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611:; Djagoun, Chabi A. M. S.; Tomsett, Louise; Bearder, Simon K. (2022).
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2002:
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66:
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545:
Mammals of Africa, Volue 1: Introductory
Chapters and Adfrotheria
464:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
467:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 87–88.
1847:
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233:
223:
96:
76:
1976:
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Butynski, T.; Dowsett-Lemaire, F.; Hoeck, H. (2015).
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496:
Butynski, T.; Hoeck, H. & de Jong, Y.A. (2015).
535:Roberts, D.; Topp-Jorgensen, E.; Moyer, D. (2013).
240:, which is the only living family within the order
734:
1219:
16:Genus of small nocturnal mammals native to Africa
2095:
394:
593:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T136599A21288090.en
854:Gaylard, Angela; Kerley, Graham I. H. (1997).
1155:
959:
853:
761:
673:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T6410A21282601.en
521:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T6409A21282806.en
804:
641:
613:"A new species of tree hyrax (Procaviidae:
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1148:
966:
952:
561:
528:
204:
29:
871:
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714:
704:
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621:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
591:
519:
805:Milner, Jos M.; Harris, Stephen (1999).
453:
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726:
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1169:
1897:
1896:
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947:
732:
381:
741:. Chelsea Green Publishing Company.
723:
659:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
579:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
547:. A&C Black. pp. 158–161.
507:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
447:
428:
374:Despite being more common than the
13:
14:
2120:
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931:
832:10.1046/j.1365-2028.1999.00184.x
328:
289:
267:
53:
896:
847:
798:
2109:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
784:10.1046/j.0141-6707.2000.301.x
755:
680:
600:
1:
440:
395:Activity and calling patterns
363:their colouring is lighter.
357:
7:
1086:Yellow-spotted rock hyrax (
10:
2125:
811:African Journal of Ecology
764:African Journal of Ecology
733:Estes, Richard D. (1999).
634:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab029
366:
188:Dendrohyrax interfluvialis
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284:East and Southern Africa
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50:Scientific classification
48:
37:
28:
23:
345:West and Central Africa
461:; Reeder, D.M. (eds.).
408:
586:: e.T136599A21288090.
247:The four species are:
2076:Paleobiology Database
1053:Southern tree hyrax (
904:"Hyrax vocalizations"
541:, Eastern Tree Hyrax"
222:is a small nocturnal
1062:Western tree hyrax (
860:Journal of Mammalogy
737:The Safari Companion
666:: e.T6410A21282601.
652:Dendrohyrax dorsalis
514:: e.T6409A21282806.
500:Dendrohyrax arboreus
232:, one of only three
181:Dendrohyrax dorsalis
174:Dendrohyrax arboreus
43:Dendrohyrax dorsalis
908:Hyrax vocalizations
823:1999AfJEc..37..267M
776:2001AfJEc..39..205G
572:Dendrohyrax validus
539:Dendrohyrax validus
275:Southern tree hyrax
195:Dendrohyrax validus
1222:Paenungulatomorpha
1171:Paenungulatomorpha
423:Eugenia natalensis
419:Cassine aethiopica
402:Hagenia abyssinica
382:Habitat assessment
336:Western tree hyrax
297:Eastern tree hyrax
39:Western tree hyrax
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2063:Open Tree of Life
1899:Taxon identifiers
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1624:Paleoparadoxiidae
1594:
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1534:Postschizotherium
1499:Hengduanshanhyrax
1137:
1136:
1122:
1121:
1046:
979:
706:10.3390/d12120473
609:Ikemeh, Rachel A.
554:978-1-4081-8996-2
474:978-0-8018-8221-0
415:Schotia latifolia
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1043:(Tree hyraxes)
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940:at Wikispecies
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926:External links
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866:(1): 213–221.
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24:Tree hyraxes
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1787:Palaeoamasia
1785:
1778:
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1713:Embrithopoda
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1647:Neoparadoxia
1645:
1638:
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1571:Gigantohyrax
1569:
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1506:Kvabebihyrax
1504:
1497:
1474:
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1430:
1423:
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1409:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1358:Saghatherium
1356:
1346:
1336:
1326:
1316:
1306:
1296:
1288:Dimaitherium
1286:
1257:
1249:Hadrogeneios
1247:
1237:
1205:Superorder:
1199:Infraclass:
1128:
1111:
1110:Rock hyrax (
1099:
1087:
1075:
1063:
1054:
1035:
1034:
911:. Retrieved
907:
898:
863:
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716:10138/323576
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459:Wilson, D.E.
455:Shoshani, J.
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149:
143:Type species
127:
126:
42:
18:
1998:iNaturalist
1937:Dendrohyrax
1931:Wikispecies
1907:Dendrohyrax
1813:Proboscidea
1802:Proboscidea
1753:Namatherium
1726:Stylolophus
1681:Desmostylus
1674:Cornwallius
1614:Desmostylia
1601:Tethytheria
1578:Heterohyrax
1561:Dendrohyrax
1552:Procaviidae
1476:Titanohyrax
1462:Antilohyrax
1411:Brachyhyrax
1402:Geniohyidae
1378:Selenohyrax
1338:Regubahyrax
1308:Megalohyrax
1201:Placentalia
1112:P. capensis
1077:Heterohyrax
1064:D. dorsalis
1055:D. arboreus
1036:Dendrohyrax
1026:Procaviidae
1014:Superorder
1008:Infraclass
976:Hyracoidea
938:Dendrohyrax
699:(12): 473.
615:Dendrohyrax
389:Dendrohyrax
341:D. dorsalis
280:D. arboreus
256:Common Name
238:Procaviidae
229:Dendrohyrax
220:tree dassie
128:Dendrohyrax
117:Procaviidae
2098:Categories
1780:Hypsamasia
1667:Behemotops
1513:Meroehyrax
1432:Pachyhyrax
1388:Thyrohyrax
1368:Seggeurius
1348:Rukwalorax
1318:Microhyrax
1271:Hyracoidea
1239:Abdounodus
1207:Afrotheria
1016:Afrotheria
441:References
435:D. validus
376:rock hyrax
302:D. validus
242:Hyracoidea
216:tree hyrax
134:J. E. Gray
107:Hyracoidea
1846:includes
1819:elephants
1817:includes
1527:Pliohyrax
1455:Afrohyrax
1425:Geniohyus
1418:Bunohyrax
1328:Namahyrax
1298:Helioseus
1181:Kingdom:
1088:H. brucei
978:(Hyraxes)
913:6 October
882:0022-2372
841:1365-2028
792:1365-2028
693:Diversity
358:Colouring
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
2042:11400003
1922:Q1761200
1916:Wikidata
1852:manatees
1585:Procavia
1541:Prohyrax
1195:Mammalia
1189:Chordata
1187:Phylum:
1183:Animalia
1130:Category
1101:Procavia
1010:Eutheria
1004:Mammalia
998:Chordata
992:Animalia
990:Kingdom
483:62265494
457:(2005).
165:Species
157:A. Smith
113:Family:
97:Mammalia
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
2104:Hyraxes
2016:1030940
1990:2437043
1848:dugongs
1842:Sirenia
1831:Sirenia
1633:Ashoroa
1259:Ocepeia
1193:Class:
996:Phylum
981:species
974:Extant
890:1382654
819:Bibcode
772:Bibcode
367:Habitat
123:Genus:
103:Order:
93:Class:
2068:285368
2029:584897
1002:Class
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880:
839:
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551:
481:
471:
421:, and
234:genera
224:mammal
159:, 1827
136:, 1868
2081:98244
2055:42324
2011:IRMNG
2003:43090
1977:34783
1951:73258
886:JSTOR
391:spp.
253:Image
2050:NCBI
2024:ITIS
1985:GBIF
1964:4323
1946:BOLD
1850:and
1840:see
1811:see
915:2019
878:ISSN
837:ISSN
788:ISSN
743:ISBN
664:2015
584:2015
549:ISBN
512:2015
479:OCLC
469:ISBN
409:Diet
214:The
2037:MSW
1972:EoL
1959:CoL
868:doi
827:doi
780:doi
711:hdl
701:doi
668:doi
629:doi
625:194
588:doi
516:doi
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