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313:. He finished sixteenth at the same race in the following year, by which time he had returned to Minneapolis. On January 16, 1909, he was leading a marathon at Chicago under terrible weather conditions for more than 8 miles (13 km) before being forced to retire with a stitch; the race was won by
300:
in both 1901 and 1902. In the Fall of the latter year he relocated to
Minneapolis, Minnesota, for work, and while there became captain of the Minneapolis YMCA cross-country team that won the state championship. Hicks returned to Boston in the spring of 1904 and finished second in the Boston Marathon
284:
because he was flagging badly during the race; the first dose did not revive him for long, so he was given another. As a result, he collapsed after crossing the finishing line. Another dose might have been fatal. Strychnine has been forbidden for athletes since the late 1960s when the
263:. However, Lorz had abandoned the race after 9 miles (14 km). After covering much of the course by car, he re-entered the race 5 miles (8.0 km) before the finish. This was discovered by the officials, who disqualified Lorz, who claimed it had been a joke.
301:
that year. He dropped out during the following year's race; the year after, he began walking at
Wellesley, and walked all the way to the finish. The 1905 Boston Marathon was legitimately won by Lorz. However, on June 30, 1906, Hicks finished three minutes ahead of
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Conditions were bad, the course being a dirt track, with large clouds of dust produced by the accompanying vehicles. Hicks was not the first to cross the finish line, trailing
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687:"MARATHON TO SIDNEY HATCH - I.A.C. Runner Takes Amateur Event in 3:16:15. C. HEATH A GOOD SECOND. Thibeau, of First Regiment, Victim of Pain in Side"
350:
1538:
713:
U.S., World War I Draft
Registration Cards, 1917-1918. Registration State: Minnesota; Registration County: Hennepin; Roll: 1675619; Draft Board: 08
453:
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1528:
328:, Canada, where his two brothers had settled. He became a naturalized Canadian, and died at Winnipeg in 1952 at the age of seventy-six.
1065:
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meet in
Chicago (3:02). The next year he finished thirteenth at the Boston Marathon and sixth at the Chicago Marathon conducted by the
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543:"A New Marathon Champion: Frederick Lorz of the Mohawk Athletic Club of New York Captured the Great Run in an Exciting Contest"
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Two doses of 1/60th grain amounts to 2 milligrams of strychnine which is enough to produce clinical symptoms of poisoning.
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504:"Hicks Victorious in Chicago Run: Cambridge Boy Leads Field of 30 in Marathon, His Time Being 3h 2m"
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Had the race been run under current rules, Hicks would also have been disqualified for using
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started testing them for drugs, and the last known use of strychnine occurred at the
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Voter's List, Winnipeg South Centre
Polling division No. 8, 1945 and 1949.
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Boston
Marathon – The History of the World's Premier Running Event
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Olympic gold medalists for the United States in track and field
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477:"Weightlifter stripped of medal for doping with rat poison"
216:(January 11, 1876 – January 28, 1952) was an American
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Athletes (track and field) at the 1904 Summer
Olympics
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345:Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen;
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657:. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics. p.
444:"1967: Creation of the IOC Medical Commission"
320:In later years, he worked on mining claims at
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16:American track and field athlete (1876–1952)
651:Martin, David E.; Gynn, Roger W.H. (2000).
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280:grain (1.1 mg) of strychnine and some
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270:: his assistants had given him a dose of
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1539:Athletes from Birmingham, West Midlands
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695:. Vol. 68, no. 3. p. 13
628:: American Gymnasia Co.: 249 July 1906
456:from the original on February 24, 2023
1534:Medalists at the 1904 Summer Olympics
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618:American Gymnasia and Athletic Record
584:: Human Kinetics Publishers. p.
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296:Hicks finished in sixth place at the
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252:, held as part of the World Fair in
1529:Drugs in sport in the United States
785:Olympic champions in men's marathon
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13:
750:at databaseOlympics.com (archived)
409:Pain, Stephanie (August 7, 2004).
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355:Olympics at Sports-Reference.com
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287:International Olympic Committee
1514:American male marathon runners
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421:. No. 2459. pp. 46–7
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703:– via Internet Archive.
671:– via Internet Archive.
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206:Hicks and supporters at the
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614:"Chicago Marathon and Meet"
551:. April 20, 1905. p. 4
236:Hicks, a brass worker from
10:
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512:. July 1, 1906. p. 12
246:a remarkable marathon race
92:Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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692:The Chicago Daily Tribune
548:Boston Evening Transcript
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305:to win a marathon at an
238:Cambridge, Massachusetts
574:Derderian, Tom (1994).
244:. He was the winner of
218:track and field athlete
742:Thomas Hicks (athlete)
311:Illinois Athletic Club
307:Amateur Athletic Union
210:
205:
106:Long-distance running
744:at Wikimedia Commons
685:(January 17, 1909).
683:Eckersall, Walter H.
654:The Olympic Marathon
359:Sports Reference LLC
291:2016 Summer Olympics
250:1904 Summer Olympics
226:1904 Summer Olympics
208:1904 Summer Olympics
42:Personal information
35:1904 Summer Olympics
1221:Waldemar Cierpinski
1198:Waldemar Cierpinski
582:Champaign, Illinois
254:St. Louis, Missouri
23:
991:Juan Carlos Zabala
922:Hannes Kolehmainen
509:Boston Daily Globe
412:"Marathon madness"
326:Winnipeg, Manitoba
211:
19:
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1405:Stephen Kiprotich
968:Boughera El Ouafi
740:Media related to
365:on 17 April 2020.
303:Alexander Thibeau
214:Thomas John Hicks
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1474:Tamirat Tola
1244:Carlos Lopes
1129:Abebe Bikila
1106:Abebe Bikila
1083:Alain Mimoun
1060:Emil Zátopek
899:Ken McArthur
876:Johnny Hayes
853:Thomas Hicks
852:
748:Thomas Hicks
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709:
697:. Retrieved
690:
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653:
646:
638:Google Books
636:– via
630:. Retrieved
621:
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598:– via
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559:– via
553:. Retrieved
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520:– via
514:. Retrieved
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486:. Retrieved
480:
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460:February 24,
458:. Retrieved
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423:. Retrieved
416:
387:. Retrieved
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363:the original
354:
347:Mallon, Bill
340:
319:
315:Sidney Hatch
295:
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124:Medal record
87:(1952-01-28)
21:Thomas Hicks
1509:1952 deaths
1504:1876 births
561:Google News
555:February 9,
488:21 December
389:January 17,
385:. OlyMADMen
351:"Tom Hicks"
55:Nationality
1498:Categories
1152:Mamo Wolde
332:References
268:strychnine
69:1876-01-11
1014:Kitei Son
632:April 27,
382:Olympedia
261:Fred Lorz
232:Biography
139:athletics
699:April 8,
516:April 8,
454:Archived
425:April 8,
222:marathon
189:Marathon
116:Marathon
58:American
482:Reuters
275:⁄
248:at the
242:England
224:at the
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624:(11).
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282:brandy
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137:Men's
112:Event
103:Sport
98:Sport
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701:2024
663:ISBN
634:2012
590:ISBN
557:2011
518:2024
490:2020
462:2023
427:2024
391:2021
148:the
82:Died
63:Born
1480:ETH
1457:KEN
1434:KEN
1411:UGA
1388:KEN
1365:ITA
1342:ETH
1319:RSA
1296:KOR
1273:ITA
1250:POR
1227:GDR
1204:GDR
1181:USA
1158:ETH
1135:ETH
1112:ETH
1089:FRA
1066:TCH
1043:ARG
1020:JPN
997:ARG
974:FRA
951:FIN
928:FIN
905:RSA
882:USA
859:USA
836:FRA
813:GRE
1500::
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399:^
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