285:
1201:
885:
131:, A6, A7 and A8 in the 100-meter race, men in the A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8 and A9 in the discus, men in A6, A7 and A8 in the discus, men in A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8 and A9 in the javelin, men in A6, A7 and A8 in the javelin, men in A8 and A9 in the shot put, men in A6, A7, and A8 in the high jump, men in A6, A7, and A8 in the long jump, men in A6, A7, and A8 in the 100-meter race, men in A7 and A8 in the 400-meter race, and men in A7 and A8 in the 1,500-meter race.
312:
dealt with on a case-by-case basis. In case there was a need for classification or reclassification at the Games despite best efforts otherwise, athletics classification was scheduled for
September 4 and September 5 at Olympic Stadium. For sportspeople with physical or intellectual disabilities going through classification or reclassification in Rio, their in-competition observation event is their first appearance in competition at the Games.
356:
44:
140:
can have elevated padded blocks to place their stumps on for the start of the race. These blocks need to be in a neutral color or a color similar to that of the track, and they must be placed entirely behind the starting line. Their location needs to be such that they do not interfere with the start of any other athlete.
324:
For this class, classification generally has four phases. The first stage of classification is a health examination. For amputees, this is often done on-site at a sports training facility or competition. The second stage is observation in practice, the third stage is observation in competition, and
143:
Athletes are not required to wear prosthetics for this class during field events. In jumping events, athletes have 60 seconds to complete their jump. During this time, they can adjust their prosthetic. If, during a jump, the athlete's prosthesis falls off and lands closer to the takeoff board than
139:
People in this class are not required to use a starting block. They can start from a standing position, a crouch, or a 3-point stance. In relay events involving T40s classes, no baton is used. Instead, a handoff takes place via touch in the exchange zone. People with arm amputations in this class
75:
defines this classification as being for athletes with a unilateral upper limb impairment resulting in some loss of function at the shoulder, elbow and wrist and which impacts sprints primarily. The impact of the impairment is comparable to the activity limitations experienced by an athlete with a
311:
in Rio de
Janeiro. This policy was implemented in 2014 to avoid last-minute class changes negatively impacting athlete training preparations. All competitors needed to be internationally classified, with their classification status confirmed before the Games, with exceptions to this policy being
296:(IPC) and had roots in a 2003 attempt to address "the overall objective to support and coordinate the ongoing development of accurate, reliable, consistent and credible sport-focused classification systems and their implementation." T47 was created in 2013 as an additional classification to the
99:
The nature of a person's amputations in this class can affect their physiology and sports performance. Because they are missing a limb, amputees are more prone to overuse injuries in their remaining limbs. Common problems for intact upper limbs for people in this class include
30:
primarily for competitors with a below elbow or wrist amputation or impairment. T47 is a classification for track events, but unlike the other T40 to T46 classifications, it has no equivalent F47 classification for field events. The amputee sports equivalent class is ISOD the
320:
Classification is often based on the anatomical nature of the amputation. The classification system takes several things into account when putting people into this class; these include which limbs are affected, how many limbs are affected, and how much of a limb is missing.
464:
325:
the last stage is assigning the sportsperson to a relevant class. Sometimes, the health examination may not be done on-site because the nature of the amputation could cause not physically visible alterations to the body.
472:
144:
the athlete, the mark is taken where the prosthesis landed. If the prosthesis falls off outside the landing zone nearer the board than where the athlete landed, the jump counts as a foul.
522:"'The Impact of Technology on Sport VI' 7th Asia-Pacific Congress on Sports Technology, APCST2015Kinematics of Elite Unilateral Below-elbow Amputee Treadmill-running - A Case Study"
865:
127:
and A8 in the discus, women in A6, A7, and A8 in the shot put, women in the A6, A7 and A8 in the long jump, women in A6, A7 and A8 in the 100-meter race, women in
1352:
1181:
1108:
1098:
675:
858:
618:
1174:
810:. Newmarket, ON: Author. Available Federacion Espanola de Deportes de Minusvalidos Fisicos, c/- Ferraz, 16 Bajo, 28008 Madrid, Spain.
55:. This classification is one of several classifications for athletes with ambulant-related disabilities. Similar classifications are
119:
when the ISOD classification system was used. It found there was no significant difference in performance in times between women in
851:
582:"The (Non)sense of the Present-Day Classification System of Sports for the Disabled, Regarding Paralysed and Amputee Athletes"
1167:
520:
Subic, A.; Fuss, F. K.; Alam, F.; Pang, T. Y.; Takla, M.; Mally, Franziska; Litzenberger, Stefan; Sabo, Anton (2015-01-01).
494:
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72:
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715:
564:
759:
284:
1306:
1211:
1190:
874:
1456:
1366:
308:
154:
116:
760:"Taxonomic Theory and the ICF: Foundations for a Unified Disability Athletics Classification"
1502:
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927:
922:
917:
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907:
902:
897:
301:
297:
105:
76:
unilateral through wrist/below elbow amputation. This class includes people from the ISOD
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
27:
8:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
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1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
128:
124:
120:
94:
77:
32:
35:. People in this class can have injuries due to overuse of their remaining upper limb.
439:
382:
43:
827:
782:
738:
711:
560:
443:
431:
411:
101:
1200:
884:
581:
1292:
774:
533:
423:
412:"Paralympic Classification: Conceptual Basis, Current Methods, and Research Update"
647:
821:
732:
705:
554:
538:
521:
1159:
843:
1287:
1282:
1277:
427:
341:
23:
1517:
361:
334:
109:
786:
435:
778:
333:
Notable athletes in the T47 classification include South
African sprinter
224:
205:
186:
338:
262:
243:
410:
Tweedy, Sean M.; Beckman, Emma M.; Connick, Mark J. (August 2014).
731:
DeLisa, Joel A.; Gans, Bruce M.; Walsh, Nicholas E. (2005-01-01).
304:
for competitors whose primary impairments are in the upper limbs.
115:
A study compared the performance of athletics competitors at the
820:
Gilbert, Keith; Schantz, Otto J.; Schantz, Otto (2008-01-01).
307:
The IPC had a zero classification at the Games policy for the
1432:
1427:
734:
Physical
Medicine and Rehabilitation: Principles and Practice
806:
1442:
1437:
288:
Australian long jumper Carlee
Beattie is a T47 athlete.
465:"Classification System for Students With a Disability"
819:
579:
47:
Type of amputation for an A8 classified sportsperson.
628:. United States Olympic Committee. December 11, 2013
553:
Miller, Mark D.; Thompson, Stephen R. (2014-04-04).
409:
351:
619:"Paralympic Track & Field: Officials Training"
1189:
873:
704:Pasquina, Paul F.; Cooper, Rory A. (2009-01-01).
519:
377:
375:
373:
1515:
823:The Paralympic Games: Empowerment Or Side Show?
730:
703:
556:DeLee & Drez's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
552:
370:
1175:
859:
592:. International Medical Society of Paraplegia
272:
1182:
1168:
866:
852:
537:
580:van Eijsden-Besseling, M. D. F. (1985).
283:
134:
42:
613:
611:
609:
607:
1516:
757:
416:Paralympic Sports Medicine and Science
315:
292:The classification was created by the
1163:
847:
737:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
670:
668:
604:
405:
403:
83:
767:Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly
13:
683:International Paralympic Committee
665:
640:
457:
294:International Paralympic Committee
73:International Paralympic Committee
14:
1535:
573:
513:
487:
400:
112:and peripheral nerve entrapment.
1199:
883:
648:"IPC Publications and Documents"
354:
153:Qualification standards for the
813:
800:
751:
724:
697:
676:"Rio 2016 Classification Guide"
71:, T45 and T46. As of 2016, the
710:. Government Printing Office.
546:
328:
1:
1191:Amputee sports classification
875:Para-athletics classification
347:
38:
16:Para-athletics classification
826:. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.
559:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
539:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.223
7:
88:
51:This classification is for
10:
1540:
1524:Parasports classifications
707:Care of the Combat Amputee
428:10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.04.013
383:"Athletics Classification"
279:
92:
1451:
1396:
1361:
1301:
1266:
1206:
1197:
1016:
890:
881:
166:
163:
160:
147:
758:Tweedy, Sean M. (2002).
309:2016 Summer Paralympics
155:2016 Summer Paralympics
117:1984 Summer Paralympics
289:
48:
1272:Wheelchair basketball
891:Track and jump events
779:10.1123/apaq.19.2.220
287:
135:Performance and rules
46:
526:Procedia Engineering
495:"Classification 101"
106:shoulder impingement
53:disability athletics
28:disability athletics
316:Becoming classified
302:T46 classifications
157:
95:A8 (classification)
26:classification for
290:
152:
49:
1511:
1510:
1157:
1156:
337:and world record
277:
276:
84:Disability groups
1531:
1293:4.5 point player
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475:on April 4, 2015
471:. Archived from
469:Queensland Sport
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24:disability sport
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1288:4 point player
1285:
1283:3 point player
1280:
1278:2 point player
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1267:
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1255:
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773:(2): 220–237.
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790:. Retrieved
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687:. Retrieved
685:. March 2016
682:
655:. Retrieved
642:
630:. Retrieved
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594:. Retrieved
589:
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525:
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503:. Retrieved
499:Blaze Sports
498:
489:
477:. Retrieved
473:the original
468:
459:
447:. Retrieved
419:
415:
390:. Retrieved
332:
323:
319:
306:
291:
142:
138:
114:
98:
50:
19:
18:
532:: 449–454.
501:. June 2012
339:long jumper
329:Competitors
586:Paraplegia
348:References
225:400 metres
206:200 metres
187:100 metres
93:See also:
39:Definition
1307:Athletics
632:August 6,
444:207403462
263:High jump
244:Long jump
104:tearing,
1518:Category
1457:Swimming
808:Handbook
792:July 25,
787:28195770
689:July 22,
596:July 25,
505:July 24,
479:July 23,
449:July 25,
436:25134747
238:1:15.00
89:Amputees
78:A8 class
33:A8 class
1367:Cycling
1212:General
280:History
235:1:06.00
1402:Skiing
830:
785:
741:
714:
657:9 July
563:
442:
434:
392:9 July
232:53.50
219:29.00
213:23.50
200:14.60
194:11.60
167:Women
148:Events
22:is a
1433:LW6/8
1428:LW5/7
763:(PDF)
679:(PDF)
622:(PDF)
440:S2CID
270:1.50
257:4.00
251:6.10
229:50.80
216:28.00
210:22.50
197:13.60
191:11.25
161:Event
1443:LW12
828:ISBN
794:2016
783:PMID
739:ISBN
712:ISBN
691:2016
659:2016
634:2016
626:USOC
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