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Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins

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31: 394:, reasoned that Robins had alleged injuries sufficient to establish standing because FCRA protected individual, rather than collective, rights and Robins was suing for a violation of his own statutory rights. In a footnote, the Circuit explicitly found it did not need to reach Robins' additional allegations regarding injuries to his employment prospects or from anxiety. 520:, dissented. Justice Ginsburg wrote that she agreed with much of the Court’s opinion but saw "no utility" in remanding the case back to the Ninth Circuit. Justice Ginsburg saw the many inaccuracies published by Spokeo as concretely harming Robins and, as such, she would have simply affirmed. 470:
requires any plaintiff to allege an injury-in-fact that is "concrete and particularized". While the Ninth Circuit identified particular harms to Robins, it erred, according to the Court, by not also determining that those harms were "concrete". Although intangible harms such as
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for not alleging "any actual or imminent harm" after which Robins amended his complaint to allege employment, stress and anxiety injuries. In May 2011, Judge Wright found Robins had alleged a valid injury-in-fact before then reversing himself and dismissing the case for lack of
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On August 15, 2017, the Ninth Circuit again allowed Robins' lawsuit to proceed. Judge O'Scannlain, joined by the same judges as before, now found that Robins had alleged a sufficiently concrete harm to establish an injury in fact under the Constitution. Relying on an
351:, alleged that he was unemployed while Spokeo's profile of him falsely stated that he worked in a professional field, had a graduate degree, was a married parent, had a high level of wealth, and included a false age and profile photograph. In January 2011, Judge 475:
can be concrete, the Court clarified, "bare procedural violations" cannot. The Court remanded the case while taking "no position as to whether the Ninth Circuit’s ultimate conclusion— that Robins adequately alleged an injury in fact— was correct."
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in support of Robins, Judge O'Scannlain determined that publishing even flattering inaccuracies could harm a job seeker. Spokeo again petitioned the Supreme Court for a writ of
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Because the Ninth Circuit failed to consider both the concrete and particularized aspects of the injury-in-fact requirement, its Article III standing analysis was incomplete.
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on the basis that the Ninth Circuit had not properly determined whether the plaintiff has suffered an "injury-in-fact" when analyzing whether he had
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added a concurrence, alone. He wrote separately to describe his belief that the Constitution's Case or Controversy requirement is founded upon the
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Recent Case: Ninth Circuit Allows Fair Credit Reporting Act Class Action to Proceed Past Standing Challenge
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In June 2012, Spokeo agreed to pay $ 800,000 to settle a separate FCRA based lawsuit filed by the
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Black & White Taxicab & Transfer Co. v. Brown & Yellow Taxicab & Transfer Co.
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Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
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C & L Enterprises, Inc. v. Citizen Band, Potawatomi Indian Tribe of Oklahoma
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Williamson County Regional Planning Commission v. Hamilton Bank of Johnson City
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College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board
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Malcom Stewart appeared for the government as a friend in support of Robins.
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Oklahoma Tax Commission v. Citizen Band, Potawatomi Indian Tribe of Oklahoma
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On May 16, 2016, the Supreme Court delivered judgment in favor of Spokeo,
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Grable & Sons Metal Products, Inc. v. Darue Engineering & Mfg.
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United States District Court for the Central District of California
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Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc.
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United States v. Students Challenging Regulatory Agency Procedures
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reversed Judge Wright's dismissal and remanded the case. Judge
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JPMorgan Chase Bank v. Traffic Stream (BVI) Infrastructure Ltd.
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Inyo County v. Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Community
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List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Roberts Court
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Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital v. Mercury Construction Corp.
799:"Opinion: Justices Should Let an Online Privacy Case Proceed" 1860:
Northern Pipeline Construction Co. v. Marathon Pipe Line Co.
1852:
Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle
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Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma v. Manufacturing Technologies, Inc.
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Colorado River Water Conservation District v. United States
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County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State
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Hinderlider v. La Plata River & Cherry Creek Ditch Co.
853:"Supreme Court Returns False-Data Case to Appeals Panel" 694:"Spokeo Is Penalized by F.T.C. in Sale of Personal Data" 248:
Alito, joined by Roberts, Kennedy, Thomas, Breyer, Kagan
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United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
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Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn
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England v. Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners
162:(9th Cir. 2017); cert. denied, 138 S. Ct. 931 (2018). 1836:
Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida
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City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York
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Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. City of Thibodaux
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Lists of United States Supreme Court cases by volume
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United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
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United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
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Schlesinger v. Reservists Committee to Stop the War
796: 1764:Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. v. Mottley 466:The Court first explained that the Constitution's 2589:United States Constitution Article Three case law 1780:American Well Works Co. v. Layne & Bowler Co. 1341:Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Saudi Basic Industries Corp. 2580: 2277:Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency 1333:District of Columbia Court of Appeals v. Feldman 461:Article Three of the United States Constitution 1543:Permanent Mission of India v. City of New York 595:___, 136 S. Ct. 1540, slip op. at 8-11 (2016). 479: 1876:Commodity Futures Trading Commission v. Schor 1684:American Insurance Co. v. 356 Bales of Cotton 1078: 507: 411:were heard on November 2, 2015, where Deputy 1884:Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Thompson 1511:United States v. White Mountain Apache Tribe 1156:United Gas Pipe Line Co. v. Ideal Cement Co. 645:The Supreme Court, 2015 Term — Leading Cases 378:In February 2014, a unanimous panel of the 1788:Smith v. Kansas City Title & Trust Co. 1575:Republic of Argentina v. NML Capital, Ltd. 1085: 1071: 523: 662: 553:List of United States Supreme Court cases 54:Spokeo, Inc., Petitioner v. Thomas Robins 2357:FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine 2269:Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation 950:, 138 S. Ct. 931 (2018). 797:The Editorial Board (November 1, 2015). 637: 635: 633: 401:granted Spokeo's petition for a writ of 997:Supreme Court (slip opinion) (archived) 631: 629: 627: 625: 623: 621: 619: 617: 615: 613: 418: 2581: 1056:on remand before the Ninth Circuit at 898:Does History Defeat Standing Doctrine? 850: 764: 2493: 2444: 1942: 1637: 1535:Dolan v. United States Postal Service 1304:Clearfield Trust Co. v. United States 1108: 1066: 1018:Electronic Privacy Information Center 922: 691: 18:2016 United States Supreme Court case 2301:Clapper v. Amnesty International USA 1796:Hartsville Oil Mill v. United States 928: 901:, 102 Mich. L. Rev. 689, 693 (2004). 641: 610: 537:Consumer Financial Protection Bureau 300:case in which the Court vacated and 2514:Osborn v. Bank of the United States 2056:Toilet Goods Ass'n, Inc. v. Gardner 1423:Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino 1219:Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy 935:, 131 Harv. L. Rev. 894 (2018). 13: 2189:Pfizer Inc. v. Government of India 1943: 1591:Jam v. International Finance Corp. 1132:Railroad Commission v. Pullman Co. 663:Dougherty, Conor (April 5, 2015). 399:Supreme Court of the United States 347:(FCRA). Thomas Robins, the named 144:. granted, 135 S. Ct. 1892 (2015). 36:Supreme Court of the United States 14: 2625: 2594:United States Supreme Court cases 1375:The Schooner Exchange v. M'Faddon 1027:United States Chamber of Commerce 974:___ (2016) is available from: 956: 1638: 1551:Ali v. Federal Bureau of Prisons 29: 2614:United States Internet case law 2604:United States standing case law 1892:Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc. 1583:OBB Personenverkehr AG v. Sachs 939: 904: 885: 873: 844: 817: 692:Wyatt, Edward (June 13, 2012). 2609:2016 in United States case law 2229:Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife 2181:Illinois Brick Co. v. Illinois 1519:Republic of Austria v. Altmann 1431:Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez 1109: 790: 758: 740: 712: 685: 656: 598: 574: 1: 2261:DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Cuno 1990:Acheson Hotels, LLC v. Laufer 1599:Republic of Sudan v. Harrison 1288:Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins 851:Liptak, Adam (May 17, 2016). 568: 343:, alleging violations of the 319: 296:, 578 U.S. 330 (2016), was a 264:Ginsburg, joined by Sotomayor 2205:City of Los Angeles v. Lyons 1399:Schillinger v. United States 1325:Rooker v. Fidelity Trust Co. 339:law firm sued Spokeo in the 331:website featuring a "people 7: 2445: 1974:Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez 1415:United States v. Wunderlich 1036:Legal Information Institute 546: 480:Justice Thomas' concurrence 431:by a vote of 6-2. Justice 298:United States Supreme Court 10: 2630: 2530:Mistretta v. United States 2494: 1756:Burton v. United States II 1732:City of St. Louis v. Myers 1607:Opati v. Republic of Sudan 1211:Murdock v. City of Memphis 988:Oyez (oral argument audio) 508:Justice Ginsburg's dissent 468:Case or Controversy Clause 459:to file the lawsuit under 435:, joined by Chief Justice 364:after Spokeo filed for an 2500: 2489: 2453: 2440: 2375: 2341:TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez 2090: 2037: 2000: 1955: 1951: 1938: 1748:Burton v. United States I 1700:United States v. Jackalow 1676:Martin v. Hunter's Lessee 1646: 1633: 1351: 1314: 1253: 1198: 1121: 1117: 1104: 919: (9th Cir. 2017). 896:Woolhander & Nelson, 755: (9th Cir. 2014). 345:Fair Credit Reporting Act 275:Fair Credit Reporting Act 273: 268: 260: 252: 244: 239: 181: 176: 171: 166: 148: 122: 117: 107: 97: 69: 59: 49: 42: 28: 23: 2562:Bank Markazi v. Peterson 2333:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski 1982:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski 1772:Muskrat v. United States 1740:Barrett v. United States 1447:United States v. Stanley 1227:Fox Film Corp. v. Muller 1202:independent state ground 930: 825:"Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins" 725:Federal Trade Commission 643: 373:Federal Trade Commission 2546:United States v. Hatter 2538:Peretz v. United States 2475:Cramer v. United States 2117:Massachusetts v. Mellon 1868:Thomas v. Union Carbide 1567:United States v. Bormes 1316:Rooker–Feldman doctrine 1264:United States v. Hudson 524:Subsequent developments 43:Argued November 2, 2015 2309:Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins 2027:Nixon v. United States 1724:United States v. Klein 1615:Trump v. United States 1463:Saudi Arabia v. Nelson 1407:Feres v. United States 1383:Mississippi v. Johnson 1140:Burford v. Sun Oil Co. 1054:Video of oral argument 964:Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins 947:Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins 912:Robins v. Spokeo, Inc. 748:Robins v. Spokeo, Inc. 581:Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins 439:, as well as Justices 413:U.S. Solicitor General 355:dismissed the initial 293:Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins 24:Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins 2467:United States v. Burr 2416:Rucho v. Common Cause 2317:Texas v. Pennsylvania 2293:Bond v. United States 2149:Sierra Club v. Morton 1844:Arizona v. New Mexico 1828:Glidden Co. v. Zdanok 1804:Wisconsin v. Illinois 1708:Ex parte Vallandigham 1668:United States v. More 1358:presidential immunity 1049:Vanderbilt Law Review 917:867 F.3d 1108 882:, 136 S. Ct. at 1550. 543:but this was denied. 312:to bring his case in 88:136 S. Ct. 1540; 194 1391:United States v. Lee 768:(November 3, 2015). 753:742 F.3d 409 492:distinction between 419:Opinion of the Court 384:Diarmuid O'Scannlain 112:Opinion announcement 108:Opinion announcement 45:Decided May 16, 2016 2133:Altvater v. Freeman 2109:Fairchild v. Hughes 2019:Goldwater v. Carter 1966:DeFunis v. Odegaard 1652:Chisholm v. Georgia 1439:Nixon v. Fitzgerald 535:brief filed by the 514:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 386:, joined by Judges 208:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 2522:Forrester v. White 2408:Vieth v. Jubelirer 2365:Murthy v. Missouri 2221:Diamond v. Charles 2101:Bailiff v. Tipping 2002:Political question 1820:Colegrove v. Green 1660:Marbury v. Madison 1559:Samantar v. Yousuf 1353:Sovereign immunity 1255:Federal common law 1094:U.S. Supreme Court 1040:Cornell Law School 858:The New York Times 803:The New York Times 775:The New York Times 698:The New York Times 670:The New York Times 502:William Blackstone 500:as articulated by 327:, Inc. operates a 192:Associate Justices 2576: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2554:Stern v. Marshall 2485: 2484: 2436: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2422:Benisek v. Lamone 2400:Davis v. Bandemer 2349:Biden v. Nebraska 2325:Trump v. New York 2080:Trump v. New York 1934: 1933: 1916:Bowles v. Russell 1812:Crowell v. Benson 1716:Ex parte McCardle 1629: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1367:Little v. Barreme 1235:Harrison v. NAACP 1172:Younger v. Harris 607:, slip op. at 11. 353:Otis D. Wright II 289: 288: 2621: 2491: 2490: 2459:Ex parte Bollman 2442: 2441: 1953: 1952: 1940: 1939: 1924:Patchak v. Zinke 1635: 1634: 1471:Clinton v. Jones 1243:Michigan v. Long 1119: 1118: 1106: 1105: 1087: 1080: 1073: 1064: 1063: 1001: 995: 992: 986: 983: 977: 951: 949: 943: 937: 936: 934: 926: 920: 914: 908: 902: 889: 883: 877: 871: 870: 868: 866: 848: 842: 841: 839: 837: 821: 815: 814: 812: 810: 794: 788: 787: 785: 783: 762: 756: 750: 744: 738: 737: 735: 733: 716: 710: 709: 707: 705: 689: 683: 682: 680: 678: 660: 654: 653: 647: 639: 608: 602: 596: 578: 407:and one-hour of 177:Court membership 153:Finding standing 127:Finding standing 33: 32: 21: 20: 2629: 2628: 2624: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2619: 2618: 2579: 2578: 2577: 2568: 2506:Stuart v. Laird 2496: 2481: 2449: 2428: 2371: 2213:Allen v. Wright 2173:Warth v. Seldin 2125:Ex parte Levitt 2086: 2033: 1996: 1947: 1930: 1692:Sheldon v. 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Tyson 1268: 1259: 1257: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1247: 1239: 1231: 1223: 1215: 1206: 1204: 1196: 1195: 1193: 1192: 1184: 1176: 1168: 1160: 1152: 1144: 1136: 1127: 1125: 1115: 1114: 1102: 1101: 1090: 1089: 1082: 1075: 1067: 1061: 1060: 1051: 1042: 1029: 1020: 1011: 1002: 958: 957:External links 955: 953: 952: 938: 921: 903: 884: 872: 843: 816: 805:. p. SR10 789: 757: 739: 711: 684: 655: 609: 597: 572: 570: 567: 566: 565: 560: 555: 548: 545: 525: 522: 509: 506: 494:private rights 481: 478: 449:Stephen Breyer 420: 417: 409:oral arguments 321: 318: 287: 286: 279:15 U.S.C. 271: 270: 266: 265: 262: 258: 257: 254: 250: 249: 246: 242: 241: 237: 236: 235: 234: 216:Stephen Breyer 193: 190: 185: 179: 178: 174: 173: 169: 168: 164: 163: 150: 146: 145: 124: 120: 119: 115: 114: 109: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 87: 71: 67: 66: 61: 57: 56: 51: 50:Full case name 47: 46: 40: 39: 34: 26: 25: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2626: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2564: 2563: 2559: 2556: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2532: 2531: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2519: 2516: 2515: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2492: 2488: 2477: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2443: 2439: 2424: 2423: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2394: 2393: 2389: 2386: 2385: 2381: 2380: 2378: 2374: 2367: 2366: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2354: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2334: 2330: 2327: 2326: 2322: 2319: 2318: 2314: 2311: 2310: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2295: 2294: 2290: 2287: 2286: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2274: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2263: 2262: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2246: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2230: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2206: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2194: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2183: 2182: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2103: 2102: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2082: 2081: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2057: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2048:Poe v. Ullman 2045: 2044: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2029: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2013: 2012: 2011:Baker v. Carr 2008: 2007: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1992: 1991: 1987: 1984: 1983: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1913: 1910: 1909: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1889: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1877: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1865: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1841: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1825: 1822: 1821: 1817: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1806: 1805: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1777: 1774: 1773: 1769: 1766: 1765: 1761: 1758: 1757: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1705: 1702: 1701: 1697: 1694: 1693: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1681: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1649: 1648: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1632: 1617: 1616: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1576: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1564: 1561: 1560: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1468: 1465: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1456: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1361: 1359: 1354: 1350: 1343: 1342: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1317: 1313: 1306: 1305: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1260: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1245: 1244: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1197: 1190: 1189: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1103: 1098: 1095: 1088: 1083: 1081: 1076: 1074: 1069: 1068: 1065: 1059: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1003: 998: 989: 980: 973: 969: 965: 961: 960: 948: 942: 933: 925: 918: 913: 907: 900: 899: 893: 888: 881: 876: 860: 859: 854: 847: 832: 831: 826: 820: 804: 800: 793: 777: 776: 771: 767: 761: 754: 749: 743: 727: 726: 721: 715: 699: 695: 688: 673:. p. BU1 672: 671: 666: 659: 651: 650:Harv. L. Rev. 646: 638: 636: 634: 632: 630: 628: 626: 624: 622: 620: 618: 616: 614: 606: 601: 594: 590: 586: 582: 577: 573: 564: 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 550: 544: 542: 538: 534: 533: 532:amicus curiae 521: 519: 515: 505: 503: 499: 498:public rights 495: 491: 487: 477: 474: 469: 464: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 416: 414: 410: 406: 405: 400: 395: 393: 389: 385: 381: 376: 374: 369: 367: 363: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 333:search engine 330: 326: 317: 315: 314:federal court 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 294: 284: 280: 276: 272: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 240:Case opinions 238: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184:Chief Justice 183: 182: 180: 175: 170: 165: 161: 158: 154: 151: 147: 143: 139: 135: 132: 128: 125: 121: 116: 113: 110: 106: 103: 102:Oral argument 100: 96: 91: 85: 84: 79: 76: 72: 68: 65: 62: 58: 55: 52: 48: 41: 37: 27: 22: 16: 2560: 2552: 2544: 2536: 2528: 2520: 2512: 2504: 2473: 2465: 2457: 2420: 2414: 2406: 2398: 2390: 2382: 2363: 2355: 2347: 2339: 2331: 2323: 2315: 2308: 2307: 2299: 2291: 2283: 2275: 2267: 2259: 2251: 2245:FEC v. Akins 2243: 2235: 2227: 2219: 2211: 2203: 2195: 2187: 2179: 2171: 2163: 2155: 2147: 2139: 2131: 2123: 2115: 2107: 2099: 2078: 2070: 2062: 2054: 2046: 2025: 2017: 2009: 1988: 1980: 1972: 1964: 1922: 1914: 1906: 1898: 1890: 1882: 1874: 1866: 1858: 1850: 1842: 1834: 1826: 1818: 1810: 1802: 1794: 1786: 1778: 1770: 1762: 1754: 1746: 1738: 1730: 1722: 1714: 1706: 1698: 1690: 1682: 1674: 1666: 1658: 1650: 1640:Jurisdiction 1613: 1605: 1597: 1589: 1581: 1573: 1565: 1557: 1549: 1541: 1533: 1525: 1517: 1509: 1501: 1493: 1485: 1477: 1469: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1437: 1429: 1421: 1413: 1405: 1397: 1389: 1381: 1373: 1365: 1339: 1331: 1323: 1302: 1294: 1286: 1278: 1270: 1262: 1241: 1233: 1225: 1217: 1209: 1200:Adequate and 1186: 1178: 1170: 1162: 1154: 1146: 1138: 1130: 1045:Case preview 1032:Case preview 963: 946: 941: 924: 911: 906: 897: 891: 887: 879: 875: 865:February 12, 863:. Retrieved 861:. p. B3 856: 846: 836:February 12, 834:. Retrieved 830:Oyez Project 828: 819: 809:February 12, 807:. Retrieved 802: 792: 782:February 12, 780:. Retrieved 778:. p. B3 773: 766:Liptak, Adam 760: 747: 742: 732:February 12, 730:. Retrieved 723: 714: 704:February 12, 702:. Retrieved 700:. p. B2 697: 687: 677:February 12, 675:. Retrieved 668: 658: 604: 600: 580: 576: 540: 530: 527: 516:, joined by 511: 483: 465: 437:John Roberts 433:Samuel Alito 422: 402: 396: 377: 370: 337:class action 323: 304:a ruling by 292: 291: 290: 269:Laws applied 223: 220:Samuel Alito 211: 199: 188:John Roberts 152: 126: 118:Case history 81: 53: 15: 1097:Article III 541:certiorari, 453:Elena Kagan 283:§ 1681 253:Concurrence 232:Elena Kagan 2583:Categories 1123:Abstention 1111:Federalism 1009:SCOTUSblog 583:, No. 569:References 490:common law 404:certiorari 392:Carlos Bea 320:Background 149:Subsequent 60:Docket no. 1034:from the 1023:Case page 1014:Case page 1005:Case page 429:remanding 357:complaint 349:plaintiff 90:L. Ed. 2d 70:Citations 2092:Standing 2039:Ripeness 1957:Mootness 1099:case law 962:Text of 547:See also 512:Justice 484:Justice 457:standing 425:vacating 362:standing 310:standing 302:remanded 245:Majority 138:9th Cir. 98:Argument 2447:Treason 1058:YouTube 585:13-1339 285:et seq. 261:Dissent 167:Holding 140:2014); 64:13-1339 2565:(2016) 2557:(2011) 2549:(2001) 2541:(1991) 2533:(1989) 2525:(1988) 2517:(1824) 2509:(1803) 2495:Others 2478:(1945) 2470:(1807) 2462:(1807) 2425:(2019) 2411:(2004) 2403:(1986) 2395:(1985) 2387:(1792) 2376:Others 2368:(2024) 2360:(2024) 2352:(2023) 2344:(2021) 2336:(2021) 2328:(2020) 2320:(2020) 2312:(2016) 2304:(2013) 2296:(2011) 2288:(2011) 2280:(2007) 2272:(2007) 2264:(2006) 2256:(2000) 2248:(1998) 2240:(1997) 2232:(1992) 2224:(1986) 2216:(1984) 2208:(1983) 2200:(1982) 2192:(1978) 2184:(1977) 2176:(1975) 2168:(1974) 2160:(1973) 2152:(1972) 2144:(1968) 2136:(1943) 2128:(1937) 2120:(1923) 2112:(1922) 2104:(1805) 2083:(2020) 2075:(1985) 2067:(1972) 2059:(1967) 2051:(1961) 2030:(1993) 2022:(1979) 2014:(1962) 1993:(2023) 1985:(2021) 1977:(2016) 1969:(1974) 1927:(2018) 1919:(2007) 1911:(2005) 1903:(2002) 1895:(1995) 1887:(1986) 1879:(1986) 1871:(1985) 1863:(1982) 1855:(1977) 1847:(1976) 1839:(1974) 1831:(1962) 1823:(1946) 1815:(1932) 1807:(1929) 1799:(1926) 1791:(1921) 1783:(1916) 1775:(1911) 1767:(1908) 1759:(1906) 1751:(1905) 1743:(1898) 1735:(1885) 1727:(1871) 1719:(1869) 1711:(1864) 1703:(1862) 1695:(1850) 1687:(1828) 1679:(1816) 1671:(1805) 1663:(1803) 1655:(1793) 1618:(2024) 1610:(2020) 1602:(2019) 1594:(2019) 1586:(2015) 1578:(2014) 1570:(2012) 1562:(2010) 1554:(2008) 1546:(2007) 1538:(2006) 1530:(2005) 1522:(2004) 1514:(2003) 1506:(2003) 1498:(2001) 1490:(1999) 1482:(1998) 1474:(1997) 1466:(1993) 1458:(1991) 1450:(1987) 1442:(1982) 1434:(1978) 1426:(1964) 1418:(1951) 1410:(1950) 1402:(1894) 1394:(1882) 1386:(1867) 1378:(1812) 1370:(1804) 1344:(2005) 1336:(1983) 1328:(1923) 1307:(1943) 1299:(1938) 1291:(1938) 1283:(1928) 1275:(1842) 1267:(1812) 1246:(1983) 1238:(1959) 1230:(1935) 1222:(1896) 1214:(1875) 1191:(1983) 1183:(1976) 1175:(1971) 1167:(1964) 1159:(1962) 1151:(1959) 1143:(1943) 1135:(1941) 1000:  994:  991:  985:  982:  979:Justia 976:  929:Note, 915:, 892:Spokeo 880:Spokeo 751:, 648:, 130 642:Note, 605:Spokeo 587:, 451:, and 366:appeal 325:Spokeo 281:  256:Thomas 226: 224:· 222:  214: 212:· 210:  202: 200:· 198:  155:, 867 129:, 742 1047:from 970: 591: 123:Prior 972:U.S. 867:2018 838:2018 811:2018 784:2018 734:2018 706:2018 679:2018 593:U.S. 496:and 473:risk 427:and 397:The 390:and 329:.com 160:1108 157:F.3d 142:cert 131:F.3d 83:more 75:U.S. 73:578 1355:and 1038:at 1025:at 1016:at 1007:at 968:578 589:578 134:409 92:635 78:330 2585:: 2419:/ 966:, 855:. 827:. 801:. 772:. 722:. 696:. 667:. 612:^ 504:. 463:. 447:, 443:, 375:. 368:. 277:, 1086:e 1079:t 1072:v 869:. 840:. 813:. 786:. 736:. 708:. 681:. 136:( 86:) 80:(

Index

Supreme Court of the United States
13-1339
U.S.
330
more
L. Ed. 2d
Oral argument
Opinion announcement
F.3d
409
9th Cir.
cert
F.3d
1108
John Roberts
Anthony Kennedy
Clarence Thomas
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Stephen Breyer
Samuel Alito
Sonia Sotomayor
Elena Kagan
Fair Credit Reporting Act
15 U.S.C.
§ 1681
United States Supreme Court
remanded
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
standing
federal court

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