590:
50:
2417:
2454:
2324:
561:
2388:
1358:. On 13 June, Jenkins stood down and of the six SDP MPs elected in 1983, only Owen stood for leader of the Party. Subsequently he became leader without any contest a week later. Owen was more sceptical about close relations with the Liberals than his predecessor Roy Jenkins, and favoured retaining the party's distinct identity. Owen's influence ensured that proposals for a merger between the two parties were shelved after a lengthy debate at the 1983 SDP conference.
2440:
2468:
1339:, but SDP President Shirley Williams was defeated at Crosby (which she had won at a by-election in November 1981) as a result of unfavourable boundary changes. Labour Party leader Michael Foot, who resigned within days of the election, was critical of the SDP–Liberal Alliance for siphoning support away from Labour, allowing the Conservatives to win more seats and secure a triple-digit majority, while Labour was left with 209 seats in Parliament.
570:
2253:
581:
1756:
1710:
2290:
1764:
1718:
685:"Democratic", "Democratic Labour", and "Radical" were all mentioned as possible names for the new party, as well as "New Labour" but eventually "Social Democratic" was settled on because the "Gang of Four" consciously wanted to mould the philosophy and ideology of the new party on the social democracy practised on mainland Europe.
543:. His suggestion during the by-election that murderers should have razor blades left in their cells so they could decently commit suicide resulted in him being nicknamed "Old Razor Blades" during the campaign. This, combined with considerable Conservative grassroots disquiet over the Monday Club's links to the
1415:
After the disappointment of 1987, Steel proposed a formal merger of the two parties. Jenkins and Steel had believed this to be eventually inevitable after the party failed to break through at the 1983 election. The proposal, also supported by
Williams and Rodgers, was fiercely opposed by Owen, who
1271:
During an era of widescale unemployment and public disillusionment with the two main parties—Labour and the
Conservatives—the Alliance achieved considerable success at parliamentary by-elections. At one point in late-1981, the party had an opinion poll rating of over 50%. That same year, David Steel
1406:
satirical puppet comedy programme, which portrayed Steel as the craven lickspittle of Owen; One sketch had Owen proposing to a simpering Steel that the parties merged under a new name: "and for our side we'll take 'Social
Democratic', and from your side, we'll take 'Party'"; and indeed a new leader
1392:
From the outset, the formation of the
Alliance had raised questions as to whether it would lead to a merged party, or the two parties were destined to compete with each other. This in turn led to grassroots tensions in some areas between Liberal and SDP branches that impaired their ability to mount
1361:
During the 1983–87 parliament, some SDP members started to become unsettled at what appeared to be the increasingly right-wing course taken by SDP leader David Owen. This resulted in some members launching the
Limehouse Group in an attempt to keep the party on the centre-left course that was first
688:
The opening statement of principles contained in the preamble of the party's constitution stated that: "The SDP exists to create and defend an open, classless and more equal society which rejects prejudices based upon sex, race, colour or religion". The constitution set out the establishment of a
1201:
Thatcherite reforms during the 1980s, such as legislation aimed at restricting trade unions (although the parliamentary SDP actually split three ways on Norman Tebbit's 1982 Industrial
Relations Bill, most voting for, some against, and others abstaining). However, the party took a more welfarist
1176:
Although the SDP was seen as being largely a breakaway from the right-wing of the Labour Party, a 1984 internal party survey found that 65% of its membership had not belonged to a political party before, with 22% being drawn from Labour, 8% from the
Conservatives and 8% from the Liberals. A 1981
1217:
in 1979, changed his name to Roy Harold
Jenkins to contest the seat. SDP polling agents were given special dispensation by the Returning Officer to have placards outside of polling stations to state which one on the ballot papers was the real Roy. Ultimately, the SDP's Jenkins was elected.
1284:
soared from third to first place in the public opinion polls. The standing of the SDP–Liberal
Alliance and Labour Party declined. By this stage, however, the SDP–Liberal Alliance already had 30 MPs in parliament, virtually all of them defectors from Labour, joined by one Conservative MP.
1628:
The
Council for Social Democracy was the largest of the three organs. Totaling aproximately 400 elected members, it was often nicknamed as the "Parliament of the Party". The constitution of the SDP stipulated that the CSD met thrice yearly, and that it be chaired by the President.
1474:
and David Morrish, mainly based on Liverpool and West Country Liberals who feared a dilution by the former SDP members of the Liberal tradition within the merged party. It too continues in the present day, as one of the smallest political parties with elected representatives.
1423:. Steel and Maclennan headed the new "Social and Liberal Democrats" party from 3 March 1988. An interim working name for the party, the "Democrats", was adopted by conference on 26 September 1988. This proved to be unpopular, and the party was renamed the
481:
were both victims of such intrigues during the 1970s, but in both cases there was enough of a local outcry by party members – and the electorate – for them to fight and win their seats as independent candidates against the official Labour candidates.
689:"Council for Social Democracy" (CSD) which was, in effect, the party's standing conference. Each area party was entitled to elect delegates to the CSD. A number of internal groups flourished within the new party, the most notable of which was the
1529:
The Party had three key leading organs. The first was the National Committee which was the executive body of the party, the second was the Council for Social Democracy (CSD), and the last was Policy Committee which set the policy of the SDP.
1275:
In early 1982, after public disagreements over who could fight which seats in the forthcoming election, the poll rating dipped, but the party remained ahead of both Labour and the Conservatives. However, following the outbreak of the
6460:
6465:
2751:
On the other hand, the British SDP might settle into an ideological space in line with most West European Social Democrats, i.e., on the center-left, a position perhaps facilitated by the strong pro-Europeanism of its
547:, persuaded some Conservative voters to switch to Taverne in protest as much as tactically to ensure Labour suffered an embarrassing loss. (Guinness had been elected as Chairman specifically to eradicate such links.)
4848:
1235:
3285:
The case for merger arose only once the partnership had been tried on the ground ... At the beginning, while I was committed in my mind to a close partnership, I had no set view either for or against eventual
358:. All four had held cabinet experience in the 1970s before Labour lost power in 1979. The four left the Labour Party as a result of the January 1981 Wembley conference which committed the party to unilateral
1225:
was held later in the year, Jenkins beating Owen in the ballot to become the first leader of the new party. Later in the year, Shirley Williams defeated Bill Rodgers in the ballot to become SDP president.
4761:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
678:, announced he would not contest his seat again as a Labour candidate. These moves were reported to be a clear move towards formally creating a new centre party. Former Labour Party deputy leader,
1331:, the SDP–Liberal Alliance won more than 25% of the national vote, close behind Labour's 28%, but well behind the 44% secured by the Conservatives. However, because of the characteristics of the
1781:
Between the 1983–1987 elections, the SDP won two by-elections taking their total to 8 at dissolution, however neither were re-elected. They are not counted in the seats gained or lost section.
2491:
1416:
argued that such a merger would not be accepted by the electorate, and would not reverse their declining share of the vote. Jenkins denied that a merger had been his original intent.
1197:
and the Labour Party. Its constitution argued for "the fostering of a strong public sector and a strong private sector without frequent frontier changes". The SDP favoured some
1190:
at their functions. Claret is an "agreeable" wine, and a metaphor for the party's harmonious internal relations compared to those of the strife-torn Labour Party of the period.
4466:
1502:. Of the 223 area parties that existed in September 1986, only 42 were single-constituency Area Parties. Area Parties were considered by party leaders as better at resisting
1161:. The party also received a boost with the recruitment of former student leaders from outside the Labour Party. These included former Communist Party of Great Britain member
1373:, the Alliance's share of the vote fell to 23%, and the SDP's parliamentary party was reduced from eight members to five. Roy Jenkins was among those who lost their seats.
1183:
found that 72% of SDP members had never been in a party before were joining a political party for the very first time, and that only 15% being former Labour Party members.
6955:
1335:
used in the United Kingdom, only 23 Alliance MPs were elected, just six of whom were members of the SDP. The party's leader, Roy Jenkins, managed to retain his seat at
7284:
5018:
2179:
5940:
708:, who joined on 16 March 1981, a fortnight after the party's launch. Williams and Jenkins were not at the time Members of Parliament, but were elected to the
7274:
5013:
4878:
4306:
4137:
1062:
1778:
As of the dissolution of parliament before the 1983 election, the SDP had 32 mps. In the 1983 election, only 4 SDP mps gained through defections were held.
465:
were held to be systematically targeting weak local party branches in safe seat areas in order to have their own candidates selected, and thus become MPs.
5674:
3332:
7279:
7269:
1419:
But the majority of the SDP's membership (along with those of the Liberals) voted in favour of the union. Owen resigned as leader and was replaced by
7309:
6898:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
1036:
3385:
7225:
6760:
5654:
5634:
4248:
3957:
1222:
690:
7143:
7080:
6690:
1347:
1202:
position than the Conservative Party, being more sceptical of Conservative welfare reforms (particularly regarding the National Health Service).
450:. Jenkins argued the necessity for a realignment in British politics, and discussed whether this could be brought about from within the existing
252:
220:
7304:
7289:
6700:
1463:
1136:
20:
3781:
2942:
John Ramsden and Richard Jay, "Lincoln: Background to Taverne's Triumph" in "By-elections in British Politics", Macmillan, 1973, pp. 264-315.
1010:
1006:
7115:
6441:
6433:
6425:
6417:
6409:
6404:
6396:
6391:
6383:
6375:
6367:
6362:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6336:
6328:
6320:
6315:
6307:
984:
521:
3913:
5962:
4950:
4224:
4008:
2496:
1213:
in March 1982, another candidate called Douglas Parkin, nominated by a party called the Social Democratic Party which had been formed in
866:
215:
137:
28:
3079:
3052:
3025:
3006:
426:
The origin of the party can be traced back to the ideological divisions in the Labour Party in the 1950s (with its forerunner being the
6287:
6282:
6274:
6266:
6258:
6237:
6229:
6221:
6205:
6155:
5008:
4431:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4169:
1131:
980:
758:
636:
607:
339:
81:
3371:
6695:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
5729:
5714:
5664:
470:
6915:
6893:
6042:
5972:
5734:
5709:
5699:
4187:
2486:
1638:
1305:
1151:
1049:
6436:
5398:
2730:
1289:
879:
7153:
7095:
5499:
5308:
5038:
4426:
4421:
4070:
1607:
1567:
The National Committee was the SDP's executive body and was responsible for much of the day-to-day administration of the party
1121:
1023:
780:
296:
1393:
joint campaigns successfully. Such cross-party feuding was part of the reason for Jenkins losing his Glasgow Hillhead seat to
1103:
also joined the SDP on its creation, eight of whom had previously held ministerial office. In a letter to Labour Party leader
7264:
6765:
6705:
6250:
6242:
6213:
6200:
6195:
6187:
6179:
6171:
6163:
5644:
5433:
5413:
4528:
3562:
3536:
3278:
2990:
2963:
2902:
2875:
2830:
2803:
2697:
2676:
2655:
2634:
2613:
1584:
1552:
1262:
1088:
989:- joined on 7 September 1981; resigned from SDP on 10 February 1983, after not being selected as a general election candidate
840:
284:
7065:
5689:
5679:
5479:
4823:
4510:
3950:
3505:
2406:
1731:
1685:
1487:
1370:
1332:
1328:
1146:
827:
754:
525:
478:
443:
402:
398:
355:
351:
1186:
The party enjoyed a considerable honeymoon period with the press, who made much mileage out of their quirk for proffering
7023:
6032:
5684:
5090:
5023:
4751:
4504:
4476:
2040:
1924:
919:
801:
662:
Thirteen Labour MPs initially declared support for the Council for Social Democracy. On 20 February 1981, three of these
512:
candidate against the official party candidate. Taverne won by an unexpectedly large margin. He founded the short lived
6062:
5877:
5609:
5173:
4708:
4703:
4688:
4588:
4498:
4204:
2565:
1439:
509:
410:
24:
2715:
7138:
6092:
5649:
5058:
4838:
4828:
4630:
4620:
3903:
3876:
3853:
3797:
3738:
3679:
3587:
3299:
3230:
3167:
2744:
1988:
1980:
1952:
1378:
1272:
addressed the Liberal Party conference with the phrase "Go back to your constituencies, and prepare for government!"
1210:
954:
888:
741:
717:
427:
350:. Owen and Rodgers were sitting Labour Members of Parliament (MPs); Jenkins had left Parliament in 1977 to serve as
7158:
6987:
6835:
6339:
6245:
5514:
5353:
5255:
5229:
4991:
4698:
4492:
4471:
4405:
728:
675:
7299:
7055:
5669:
5153:
4943:
4833:
4798:
4416:
4236:
4230:
3991:
3943:
3922:
3132:
1443:
1158:
1141:
1111:
849:
810:
532:
257:
6791:
6002:
5484:
4713:
701:
247:
1538:
The Policy Committee was a sub-committe of the National Committe, and was the most powerful body of the SDP.
6770:
6370:
5524:
5443:
5363:
5323:
4534:
4522:
4516:
2014:
513:
3183:
2894:
Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations: Parties, Groups and Movements of the 20th Century
2689:
Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations: Parties, Groups and Movements of the 20th Century
7220:
7133:
5659:
5048:
5043:
5028:
4756:
3868:
2066:
1374:
1126:
784:
745:
406:
166:
2536:
When there were less than 10 SDP MPs, all of them would be automatically members of the National Committee
589:
7125:
5719:
5574:
4604:
4540:
4154:
4145:
3546:
1840:
1451:
1317:
1293:
1206:
1116:
1045:
836:
643:") launched the Council for Social Democracy, after outlining their policies in what became known as the
363:
2545:
Only city, district, and county councillors were eligible. Town and parish councillors were not eligible
7294:
7090:
6786:
5857:
5469:
4936:
4562:
4193:
4181:
3845:
2736:
2122:
1499:
1459:
1386:
1261:, had applauded the formation of the SDP from the sidelines from the very start. Senior Liberal MP for
379:
1268:
caused some embarrassment, however, by publicly stating that the SDP "should be strangled at birth".
7100:
6867:
4557:
3159:
1511:
1309:
906:
497:
371:
2605:
2599:
316:
7148:
7075:
6017:
5489:
5474:
5053:
5033:
4913:
4863:
4638:
4583:
2329:
1868:
1519:
1467:
1466:
was formed, which currently operates on a much less influential scale. There was also a continuing
1246:
1238:
1058:
932:
709:
536:
505:
491:
394:
208:
7235:
7105:
6903:
6809:
6067:
5892:
5694:
4778:
4651:
4567:
3579:
2094:
2059:
1945:
1812:
1770:
1724:
1479:
1427:
in October 1989, as had been originally proposed at the September 1988 conference by the party's
1019:
967:
713:
697:
7060:
7028:
4813:
4647:
3966:
3895:
3891:
2867:
1896:
1424:
1400:
Liberal pride was further damaged by the sustained lampooning of the Alliance by ITV's popular
1321:
1234:
823:
663:
531:
Taverne's Lincoln by-election campaign was also helped to a lesser degree by problems with the
127:
2980:
2953:
2892:
2793:
2687:
2645:
1498:
The basic unit of the SDP was its Area Parties, most of which corresponded with more than one
1407:"from your side we will take 'David' and from ours 'Owen'", to which a hesitant Steel agreed.
6888:
5078:
4793:
4771:
2820:
2666:
2624:
2622:
2595:
2459:
1363:
875:
644:
347:
292:
3152:
1389:
in February 1987 from Labour; managed to hold on at the general election in June that year.
7230:
7050:
7033:
6977:
6872:
4868:
4788:
4723:
4655:
2767:
971:
651:, who defected from the Labour Party due to what they perceived to be the influence of the
308:
300:
1209:
in July 1981, describing it as his "first defeat, but by far my greatest victory". At the
8:
7120:
7085:
5934:
5120:
4643:
1471:
1107:, the defecting peers said they had taken their decision "with great sorrow". They were:
544:
520:(1972). But the CFSD failed to gain nationwide support, and Taverne lost the seat at the
447:
359:
3808:
2601:
Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities, and Institutions in a Changing Global Order
1522:, as multi-consituancy area parties were at less risk of disenfranchisement in cases of
1369:
Two more SDP MPs were elected at by-elections during the 1983–87 parliament, but at the
409:, later renamed the Liberal Democrats, although a minority, led by Owen, left to form a
7180:
6908:
5073:
4808:
4766:
3824:
3769:
3651:
3514:
2860:
2295:
1929:
1523:
1250:
1075:
997:
958:
814:
797:
793:
705:
679:
640:
451:
390:
386:
327:
189:
696:
Twenty-eight Labour MPs eventually joined the new party, along with one member of the
49:
7002:
6972:
5115:
5105:
5085:
4959:
4212:
3899:
3872:
3849:
3828:
3793:
3761:
3734:
3710:
3675:
3643:
3618:
3583:
3558:
3532:
3307:
3274:
3216:
3201:
3163:
2986:
2959:
2898:
2871:
2826:
2799:
2740:
2693:
2672:
2651:
2630:
2609:
2516:
2473:
2115:
2087:
2033:
1917:
1889:
1861:
1515:
1507:
1281:
1084:
1071:
1032:
853:
771:
671:
652:
620:
540:
462:
375:
323:
179:
116:
516:(CFSD) thereafter, and wrote a book about events surrounding the by-election called
6412:
6310:
6166:
6158:
5946:
5919:
5914:
5887:
5882:
5872:
5724:
5554:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5428:
5423:
5383:
5338:
5333:
5260:
5218:
5203:
5198:
5183:
5178:
5168:
5063:
4843:
4818:
4175:
4090:
4078:
4029:
3888:
Losing from the Inside: The Cost of Conflict in the British Social Democratic Party
3820:
3702:
3610:
2377:
2313:
2258:
1817:
1420:
1336:
1193:
The policies of the SDP emphasised a middle position between perceived extremes of
928:
767:
667:
632:
599:
455:
435:
343:
312:
304:
174:
86:
832:- resigned Lab whip 20 February 1981, joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
776:- resigned Lab whip 20 February 1981, joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
6992:
6825:
6216:
6174:
6107:
6102:
5924:
5904:
5836:
5781:
5744:
5584:
5579:
5438:
5240:
5208:
5188:
4884:
4873:
4783:
4693:
4218:
4023:
3573:
3550:
2668:
Parties, Elections, and Policy Reforms in Western Europe: Voting for Social Pacts
2445:
1435:
1428:
1394:
1355:
1342:
Following the result, Jenkins was pressured to step down as leader of the SDP by
1253:
in June 1981, under the joint leadership of Roy Jenkins (SDP) and Liberal leader
945:
148:
307:
while rejecting the possibility of trade unions being overly influential within
7038:
6428:
6399:
6190:
6182:
6052:
5952:
5929:
5841:
5830:
5786:
5775:
5770:
5764:
5569:
5559:
5454:
5393:
5378:
5328:
5287:
5276:
5224:
5213:
5095:
4853:
4718:
3690:
3598:
3147:
2982:
One Hundred Years of Socialism: The West European Left in the Twentieth Century
2416:
1591:
1402:
1313:
1301:
1100:
732:
647:. In March it was renamed the Social Democratic Party. The "Gang of Four" were
501:
3706:
3614:
2323:
7258:
7043:
6982:
6851:
6444:
6420:
6331:
6323:
6277:
6208:
6087:
6077:
6047:
5957:
5898:
5819:
5797:
5759:
5624:
5599:
5564:
5549:
5509:
5403:
5388:
5348:
5343:
5293:
5235:
4108:
4017:
3832:
3789:
3765:
3730:
3714:
3671:
3647:
3622:
3356:
3311:
1901:
1351:
1277:
1187:
1178:
902:
892:
431:
288:
2623:
Mark Kesselman; Joel Krieger; Christopher S. Allen; Stephen Hellman (2008).
6830:
6386:
6378:
6290:
6261:
6232:
6224:
5982:
5909:
5754:
5704:
5604:
5594:
5504:
5464:
5373:
5368:
5318:
5298:
5271:
5250:
5245:
5193:
4242:
4126:
4102:
3691:"Third party decline in the UK: The SNP and SDP in comparative perspective"
2846:
2130:
2099:
1873:
1447:
1382:
1297:
1166:
1104:
474:
3529:
Breaking the mould? the birth and prospects of the Social Democratic Party
3351:
7110:
7018:
6997:
6357:
6269:
6097:
6082:
5997:
5977:
5967:
5867:
5847:
5824:
5802:
5619:
5614:
5589:
5459:
5448:
5358:
5282:
5163:
5110:
4260:
4163:
4096:
4047:
3999:
3865:
Third Party Politics since 1945: Liberals, Alliance and Liberal Democrats
3663:
3555:
The British general election of 1983: by David Butler and Dennis Kavanagh
2387:
2242:
1957:
1845:
1690:
1265:
1258:
1254:
1205:
At the party's first electoral contest, Jenkins narrowly failed to win a
1194:
1162:
941:
915:
624:
603:
560:
466:
439:
366:. They also believed that Labour had become too left-wing, and had been
331:
281:
198:
71:
3773:
3749:
3007:"Labour's largest move yet to Centre - Three rebel MPs intend to resign"
2439:
693:(mirroring the function of the Fabian Society within the Labour Party).
7174:
7070:
6253:
6022:
6012:
5992:
5808:
5494:
5266:
5100:
4254:
4114:
4084:
4053:
4041:
4035:
3722:
2890:
2685:
2524:
2520:
2279:
2071:
1736:
1510:
that opposed the national party, issues the SDPs founders believed the
1483:
1343:
1214:
1198:
1170:
993:
862:
628:
611:
500:
to deselect him largely over his support for British membership of the
335:
156:
76:
3655:
3631:
3518:
3500:
2492:
List of elected British politicians who have changed party affiliation
1518:
struggled with. Additionally area parties aided the SDP's coöperation
1434:
Most SDP members, including SDP MP and future Liberal Democrat leader
1350:
who between 1974 and 1979 had been a Labour Government Minister under
6744:
6072:
6057:
6007:
5987:
5813:
5792:
4266:
3418:
3416:
3414:
2481:
2467:
656:
648:
3935:
3300:"Liberal Democrat conferences past: how times – and people – change"
2252:
569:
4120:
4059:
1503:
1478:
Following the dissolution of the SDP, a number of members endorsed
682:
also announced his membership of the Council for Social Democracy.
524:. Some independent Social Democrats contested the October 1974 and
367:
277:
194:
3411:
4803:
378:
whose views and behaviour they considered to be at odds with the
2523:
would later use "New Labour" to promote the Labour Party. (see:
4928:
2289:
1455:
580:
496:
In Taverne's case, he had been fighting efforts by the Lincoln
3476:
3333:"Lib Dem meltdown: Five other humiliating by-election defeats"
1177:
Opinion Research Centre survey of SDP members commissioned by
3575:
SDP: The Birth, Life and Death of the Social Democratic Party
3599:"The SDP-liberal alliance: The end of the two-party system?"
3372:"Liverpool elected mayor candidates: Steve Radford, Liberal"
2146:
2004:
1970:
1830:
1613:
12 area councillors (voted on by party members of each area)
1157:
Much of the party's initial public membership came from the
789:- resigned Lab whip 30 November 1981, joined on 16 June 1982
19:
For the current minor political party of the same name, see
3454:
3452:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3103:
3101:
2768:"Social Democratic Party | political party, United Kingdom"
2590:
The SDP is widely described as a centrist political party:
1598:
1438:, joined Maclennan in the merged party, but Owen created a
1324:" giving an impression of Labour division and in-fighting.
3750:"Anatomy of the SDP: Is the Party Structurally Top-Heavy?"
3632:"Merger or Bust: Whatever Happened to Members of the SDP?"
2951:
2929:
Eric Shaw, "The Labour Party and the Militant Tendency."
2728:
924:- resigned Lab whip 22 January 1982, joined in March 1982
3464:
3449:
3428:
3392:
3386:"Social Democrats Press Release - Supporting John Major"
3245:
3113:
3098:
2857:
2845:
This name was a tongue-in-cheek reference to the Maoist
2664:
2647:
British Science Fiction Television: A Hitchhiker's Guide
2643:
5019:
History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom
2716:"Social Democratic Party (SDP) Archives - Archives Hub"
2056:
1942:
454:, or from a new group driven by European principles of
3051:
Russell, William; Parkhouse, Geoffrey (3 March 1981).
1570:
Membership of the National Committee was composed of:
1410:
6138:
2911:
2732:
When Parties Fail: Emerging Alternative Organizations
1308:
but, being opposed to the selection by his left-wing
3809:"A Study Guide to the Social Democratic Party (SDP)"
2891:
Peter Barberis; John McHugh; Mike Tyldesley (2000).
2686:
Peter Barberis; John McHugh; Mike Tyldesley (2000).
2435:
1541:
Membership of the Policy Committee was composed of:
322:
The SDP was founded on 26 March 1981 by four senior
3924:
Ten Years On, The Legacy of the Alliance and Merger
2936:
1381:from the Conservatives which was lost in 1987, but
1257:. The Liberal Party, and in particular its leader,
3921:Journal of Liberal History, Issue 18 Spring 1998,
3912:Journal of Liberal History, Issue 39 Summer 2003,
3262:
3151:
2884:
2859:
2566:"26 March 1981: 'Gang of four' launches new party"
504:. In October 1972 he resigned his seat to force a
7081:Labour Friends of Palestine & the Middle East
6899:Trade Union and Labour Party Liaison Organisation
4879:Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition agreement
2112:
2084:
2030:
1914:
1886:
1858:
1165:as well as Conservative Party members including:
485:
7285:Centrist political parties in the United Kingdom
7256:
7226:Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
3154:British Parliamentary Election Results 1974–1983
3050:
2945:
2851:
1280:on 2 April 1982, the Conservative government of
7144:Socialist Environment and Resources Association
3747:
3482:
3422:
2127:
1985:
1623:
405:. In 1988, the two parties merged, forming the
16:Political party in the United Kingdom (1981–88)
6956:Organisations associated with the Labour Party
4741:
3545:
3017:
2978:
2791:
1137:Jack Donaldson, Baron Donaldson of Kingsbridge
1093:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
1067:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
1041:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
1028:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
1015:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
1002:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
937:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
871:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
763:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
737:- joined new party on its launch, 2 March 1981
385:Shortly after its formation, the SDP formed a
4944:
3951:
2598:. In Jeffrey Kopstein; Mark Lichbach (eds.).
2593:
1493:
619:On 25 January 1981, leading figures from the
7275:1988 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
7116:National Union of Labour and Socialist Clubs
6937:
4656:Welsh Young Liberals/Rhyddfrydwr Ifanc Cymru
3629:
3498:
2955:Encyclopedia of Contemporary British Culture
2952:Peter Childs; Michael Storry (13 May 2013).
23:. For other parties with the same name, see
3572:Crewe, Ivor; King, Anthony Stephen (1995).
3158:. Parliamentary Research Services. p.
2999:
2972:
2862:The Longman Companion to Britain Since 1945
2825:. Manchester University Press. p. 63.
2497:List of Labour Party (UK) breakaway parties
1558:9 members elected by the National Committee
291:(favouring a system inspired by the German
4951:
4937:
4432:Liberal Democrat Home Affairs spokesperson
3958:
3944:
3839:
3748:Pridham, Geoffrey; Whiteley, Paul (1986).
1132:Elaine Burton, Baroness Burton of Coventry
518:The Future of the Left – Lincoln and After
354:, while Williams had lost her seat in the
48:
21:Social Democratic Party (UK, 1990–present)
7280:Centre-left parties in the United Kingdom
7270:1981 establishments in the United Kingdom
6845:Directly elected city mayoral authorities
4678:
3862:
3571:
3470:
3458:
3443:
3405:
3256:
3214:
3119:
3107:
3023:
2917:
2818:
2785:
7310:Political parties disestablished in 1988
5068:
4289:
3388:. John Major official. 17 February 1992.
3080:"Who's who of Labour's nine rebel peers"
2812:
2729:Kay Lawson, Peter H. Merkl, ed. (2014).
2487:Social Democratic Party election results
1639:Social Democratic Party election results
1306:London Docklands Development Corporation
1233:
1152:Michael Young, Baron Young of Dartington
6454:Shadow Cabinet elections and reshuffles
3806:
3780:
3662:
3526:
3349:
3268:
3231:"1983: Thatcher wins landslide victory"
3077:
3024:Parkhouse, Geoffrey (5 February 1981).
2584:
1619:1 Young Social Democrats representative
1379:by-election at Portsmouth South in 1984
29:Social Democratic Party (UK, 1988–1990)
7257:
7213:
7096:Labour Representation Committee (2004)
4427:Liberal Democrat Treasury spokesperson
4422:Deputy Leader of the Liberal Democrats
3915:A Short History of Political Virginity
3596:
3501:"The SDP and the left-right dimension"
3215:Stone-Lee, Ollie (10 September 2003).
3053:"Nine Labour peers join breakaway MPs"
2822:Ideology and Politics in Britain Today
2604:. Cambridge University Press. p.
2157:
1292:, one of their ten safest seats, at a
1122:John Harris, Baron Harris of Greenwich
674:resigned the Labour whip and another,
550:
7305:Political parties established in 1981
7290:Liberal parties in the United Kingdom
7202:
6936:
6726:
6137:
5141:
4972:
4932:
4903:
4902:
4829:National Liberal Party (Lloyd George)
4740:
4677:
4529:Second Frontbench Team of Vince Cable
4448:
4403:
4288:
3979:
3965:
3939:
3885:
3842:Claret and Chips: The Rise of the SDP
3297:
3146:
2205:
2200:
1562:
1450:. This party performed poorly at the
1385:, who had won the bitterly contested
285:political party in the United Kingdom
7066:Labour Campaign for Electoral Reform
6916:Labour – Federation of Labour Groups
4839:National Liberal Party ("Simonites")
4511:First Frontbench Team of Vince Cable
3721:
3688:
3636:British Journal of Political Science
3630:Denver, David; Bochel, Hugh (1994).
3506:British Journal of Political Science
3499:Bochel, J. M; Denver, D. T. (1984).
3298:White, Michael (17 September 2010).
2795:Understanding British Party Politics
2762:
2760:
2671:. Taylor & Francis. p. 75.
1333:first-past-the-post electoral system
1147:Ian Winterbottom, Baron Winterbottom
352:President of the European Commission
7203:
7024:Campaign for Labour Party Democracy
6727:
5091:The longest suicide note in history
5024:European Parliamentary Labour Party
4834:Independent Liberals (Lloyd George)
4824:Independent Liberal Party (Asquith)
4752:Liberal Democrats headquarters (UK)
4505:Frontbench Team of Menzies Campbell
4404:
3352:"The SDP lives on – in Bridlington"
3350:Philpot, Robert (16 January 2006).
3217:"Conference season's greatest hits"
2858:Chris Cook; John Stevenson (2000).
2665:Kerstin Hamann; John Kelly (2011).
2644:John R. Cook; Peter Wright (2006).
2519:leader and eventual Prime Minister
1643:
1632:
1533:
1411:Merger, disestablishment and splits
13:
4689:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
4589:Northern Ireland Liberal Democrats
4499:Frontbench Team of Charles Kennedy
3825:10.1111/j.1467-9256.1987.tb00267.x
3491:
3026:"Steel goes all out for poll pact"
25:Social Democratic Party (UK, 1979)
14:
7321:
7139:Socialist Educational Association
6139:Internal elections and selections
5059:Campaign for Democratic Socialism
3931:
3078:Russell, William (3 March 1981).
2757:
1555:sitting on the National Committee
1316:, supported the former leader of
434:), but publicly lies in the 1979
428:Campaign for Democratic Socialism
6988:Labour Campaign for Trans Rights
6836:Labour Party in Northern Ireland
4958:
4493:Frontbench Team of Paddy Ashdown
2629:. Cengage Learning. p. 88.
2466:
2452:
2438:
2415:
2386:
2322:
2288:
2251:
1762:
1755:
1754:
1716:
1709:
1708:
588:
579:
568:
559:
387:political and electoral alliance
7056:Centre-Left Grassroots Alliance
5039:Labour Representation Committee
4417:Leader of the Liberal Democrats
3807:Semetko, Holli A (April 1987).
3378:
3364:
3343:
3325:
3291:
3223:
3208:
3194:
3176:
3140:
3125:
3071:
3044:
2979:Donald Sassoon (30 July 2010).
2923:
2626:European Politics in Transition
2539:
2530:
2509:
1784:
1229:
1142:Wayland Young, 2nd Baron Kennet
1112:Herbert Bowden, Baron Aylestone
723:The defecting Labour MPs were:
533:Conservative and Unionist Party
311:. The SDP officially advocated
221:Technical Group of Independents
6792:Chief Whip of the Labour Party
5142:
4757:List of MPs (past and present)
3980:
3013:. 21 February 1981. p. 1.
2839:
2722:
2708:
2558:
1763:
1717:
702:Christopher Brocklebank-Fowler
486:March 1973 Lincoln by-election
248:Politics of the United Kingdom
1:
7126:Revolutionary Communist Party
4535:Frontbench Team of Jo Swinson
4523:Frontbench Team of Tim Farron
4517:Frontbench Team of Nick Clegg
4467:Current members of Parliament
4449:
3597:Denver, D.T. (October 1983).
3374:. Liverpool Echo. 8 May 2013.
2552:
2343:
1397:of the Labour Party in 1987.
800:, resigned his seat and lost
639:, known collectively as the "
598:The gang of four, clockwise;
522:October 1974 general election
514:Campaign for Social Democracy
7265:Social Democratic Party (UK)
7221:Party of European Socialists
7134:Socialist Health Association
6761:National Executive Committee
5049:National Labour Organisation
5029:Scottish Labour Party (1888)
3918:(edition devoted to the SDP)
3886:Sykes, Patricia Lee (1988).
3869:Blackwell Publishing Limited
3531:. Oxford: Martin Robertson.
3204:. BBC News. 25 January 2001.
1624:Council for Social Democracy
1442:, along with two other MPs,
1294:by-election in February 1983
1211:Glasgow Hillhead by-election
1127:Henry Walston, Baron Walston
1054:- joined on 11 December 1981
884:- joined on 22 December 1981
858:- joined on 16 November 1981
806:- joined on 11 December 1981
785:Islington South and Finsbury
746:Hackney South and Shoreditch
442:as he neared the end of his
407:Social and Liberal Democrats
7:
6301:Deputy Leadership elections
6118:* = wartime, in opposition
5014:General election manifestos
4992:History of the Labour Party
4973:
4762:General election manifestos
4605:Liberal Democrat Conference
4541:Frontbench Team of Ed Davey
3483:Pridham & Whiteley 1986
3423:Pridham & Whiteley 1986
3273:. Politico's. p. 535.
3135:, 8 February 1982, Col. 738
2985:. I.B.Tauris. p. 698.
2650:. I.B.Tauris. p. 211.
2431:
1594:(voted on by all SDP Peers)
1462:. It disbanded, although a
1117:Jack Diamond, Baron Diamond
1099:Nine Labour members of the
976:- joined on 29 October 1981
750:- joined on 2 December 1981
430:established to support the
397:, which lasted through the
364:European Economic Community
10:
7326:
7091:Labour Party Irish Society
6787:Parliamentary Labour Party
4742:History and related topics
4563:Scottish Liberal Democrats
3184:"Sir Cyril Smith obituary"
2958:. Routledge. p. 485.
2897:. Continuum. p. 360.
2737:Princeton University Press
2692:. Continuum. p. 302.
1636:
1616:8 directly elected members
1601:(voted on by all SDP MEPs)
1494:Structure and organisation
1460:Monster Raving Loony Party
1159:Social Democratic Alliance
963:- joined on 5 October 1981
950:- joined on 7 October 1981
911:- joined on 1 October 1981
845:- joined on 6 October 1981
819:- joined on 7 October 1981
489:
421:
416:
380:Parliamentary Labour Party
18:
7209:
7198:
7167:
7129:Formerly Socialist Appeal
7011:
6965:
6947:
6943:
6932:
6881:
6868:Constituency Labour Party
6860:
6844:
6818:
6802:
6779:
6753:
6737:
6733:
6722:
6453:
6300:
6148:
6144:
6133:
6116:
6031:
5856:
5743:
5633:
5523:
5412:
5307:
5152:
5148:
5137:
5001:
4983:
4979:
4968:
4909:
4898:
4747:
4736:
4684:
4673:
4629:
4613:
4597:
4576:
4558:English Liberal Democrats
4550:
4485:
4459:
4455:
4444:
4412:
4399:
4350:
4299:
4295:
4284:
4203:
4136:
4069:
3990:
3986:
3975:
3840:Stephenson, Hugh (1982).
3754:Government and Opposition
3707:10.1080/01402388808424694
3689:Levy, Roger (July 1988).
3615:10.1080/01402388308424441
3202:"SDP: Breaking the mould"
2353:
2350:
2225:
2215:
2212:
2148:
2114:
2086:
2058:
2032:
2006:
1972:
1944:
1916:
1888:
1860:
1832:
1806:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1587:(voted on by all SDP MPs)
1310:Constituency Labour Party
1304:resigned to work for the
1207:by-election at Warrington
907:Greenock and Port Glasgow
897:- joined on 19 March 1981
528:, but none were elected.
498:Constituency Labour Party
243:
235:
227:
216:European Parliament group
214:
204:
188:
165:
155:
144:
133:
123:
111:
103:
95:
64:
56:
47:
38:
7149:Socialist Campaign Group
7076:Labour Friends of Israel
6938:Associated organisations
5054:Labour Independent Group
5044:Gladstone–MacDonald pact
5034:Independent Labour Party
4914:Liberal Party (UK, 1989)
4584:London Liberal Democrats
4486:Frontbench in opposition
3863:Stevenson, John (1993).
3527:Bradley, Ian C. (1981).
2502:
2366:
2363:
2330:Caithness and Sutherland
2231:
2228:
1500:Westminster constituency
1300:: the sitting Labour MP
933:Caithness and Sutherland
537:Conservative Monday Club
508:in which he fought as a
492:1973 Lincoln by-election
362:and withdrawal from the
287:. The party supported a
7236:Socialist International
7154:Socialist Youth Network
6894:Affiliated trade unions
6810:Labour Party Conference
5746:Scottish Labour Leaders
4859:Social Democratic Party
4779:Glee Club (UK politics)
4652:Scottish Young Liberals
4639:LGBT+ Liberal Democrats
4568:Welsh Liberal Democrats
3580:Oxford University Press
3233:. BBC News. 9 June 1970
2798:. Polity. p. 117.
2792:Stephen Driver (2011).
2772:Encyclopedia Britannica
1925:1982 Mitcham and Morden
1080:- joined on 4 July 1981
802:the ensuing by-election
326:moderates, dubbed the "
315:, and unofficially for
270:Social Democratic Party
190:Political position
41:Social Democratic Party
7300:Social liberal parties
7101:Labour Women's Network
7061:Jewish Labour Movement
7029:Christians on the Left
4814:Scottish Liberal Party
4648:English Young Liberals
3896:Transaction Publishers
3892:Piscataway, New Jersey
3695:West European Politics
3603:West European Politics
2933:42.2 (1989): 180-196.
2594:Peter Rutland (2005).
1322:Real Bermondsey Labour
1242:
1241:electoral logo in 1983
526:1979 general elections
403:1987 general elections
161:Young Social Democrats
6889:National Policy Forum
5079:Limehouse Declaration
4794:National Liberal Club
4772:Limehouse Declaration
4679:Related organisations
3557:. London: Macmillan.
3471:Crewe & King 1995
3459:Crewe & King 1995
3444:Crewe & King 1995
3406:Crewe & King 1995
3269:Jenkins, Roy (2006).
3257:Crewe & King 1995
3120:Crewe & King 1995
3108:Crewe & King 1995
2931:Parliamentary Affairs
2918:Crewe & King 1995
2460:United Kingdom portal
1981:1984 Portsmouth South
1953:1982 Glasgow Hillhead
1610:(voted on by the CSD)
1580:13 Parliamentarians:
1488:1992 general election
1387:Greenwich by-election
1371:1987 general election
1364:Limehouse Declaration
1329:1983 general election
1296:to Liberal candidate
1237:
876:Ednyfed Hudson Davies
645:Limehouse Declaration
473:(Northumberland) and
356:1979 general election
348:Limehouse Declaration
293:social market economy
7231:Progressive Alliance
6978:Labour International
6873:Labour International
6461:Sep 1931 (Henderson)
6149:Leadership elections
5636:Leaders in the Lords
4869:Southport Resolution
4864:SDP–Liberal Alliance
4789:Liberator (magazine)
4724:Social Liberal Forum
4290:Leadership elections
4138:Leaders in the Lords
3668:A Life in the Centre
3271:A Life at the Centre
2570:BBC News On This Day
1520:SDP–Liberal Alliance
1506:or the formation of
1452:May 1990 by-election
1247:SDP–Liberal Alliance
1239:SDP–Liberal Alliance
1037:Hayes and Harlington
972:Liverpool West Derby
659:" within the party.
502:European Communities
395:SDP–Liberal Alliance
309:industrial relations
301:European integration
209:SDP–Liberal Alliance
205:National affiliation
7159:Socialist societies
7121:Progressive Britain
7086:Labour Growth Group
6904:Labour Co-operative
5415:General Secretaries
5121:Chakrabarti Inquiry
3786:Fourth Among Equals
3425:, pp. 209–210.
3190:. 3 September 2010.
2866:. Longman. p.
2158:European Parliament
1472:Michael Meadowcroft
1245:The SDP formed the
1223:leadership election
712:at by-elections in
551:Creation of the SDP
461:In some areas, the
448:European Commission
382:and Labour voters.
360:nuclear disarmament
305:decentralised state
7168:Media publications
6909:Co-operative Party
6696:May 2021 (Starmer)
6691:June 2016 (Corbyn)
4460:MPs and Frontbench
3521:– via JSTOR.
3084:The Glasgow Herald
3057:The Glasgow Herald
3030:The Glasgow Herald
3011:The Glasgow Herald
2819:Ian Adams (1998).
2296:Plymouth Devonport
2206:Leaders of the SDP
2201:Leadership history
1930:Bruce Douglas-Mann
1563:National Committee
1362:propounded in the
1348:Plymouth Devonport
1243:
1076:Erith and Crayford
998:Plymouth Devonport
981:Michael O'Halloran
959:Southampton Itchen
815:Liverpool Kirkdale
798:Mitcham and Morden
794:Bruce Douglas-Mann
706:North West Norfolk
698:Conservative Party
680:Baron George-Brown
372:constituency party
239:Breaking the Mould
7295:Political schisms
7252:
7251:
7248:
7247:
7244:
7243:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7130:
7003:Disability Labour
6928:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6766:General Secretary
6718:
6717:
6714:
6713:
6129:
6128:
6125:
6124:
5735:Smith of Basildon
5133:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5116:One Nation Labour
5086:Militant tendency
5009:Electoral history
4926:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4904:Breakaway parties
4894:
4893:
4732:
4731:
4709:Friends of Turkey
4704:Friends of Israel
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4440:
4439:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4351:Deputy Leadership
4280:
4279:
4276:
4275:
3968:Liberal Democrats
3564:978-0-333-34578-8
3538:978-0-85520-468-6
3280:978-1-84275-177-0
2992:978-0-85771-530-2
2965:978-1-134-75555-4
2904:978-0-8264-5814-8
2877:978-0-582-35674-0
2832:978-0-7190-5056-5
2805:978-0-7456-4077-8
2699:978-0-8264-5814-8
2678:978-0-415-58195-0
2657:978-1-84511-048-2
2636:978-0-618-87078-3
2615:978-0-521-84316-4
2474:Liberalism portal
2429:
2428:
2412:
2383:
2358:
2341:
2340:
2319:
2285:
2263:
2248:
2220:
2198:
2197:
2155:
2154:
2015:1984 Cynon Valley
1776:
1775:
1608:local councillors
1574:Leader of the SDP
1545:Leader of the SDP
1425:Liberal Democrats
1320:John O'Grady as "
1318:Southwark council
1282:Margaret Thatcher
1085:Ian Wrigglesworth
1072:James Wellbeloved
1033:Neville Sandelson
854:Islington Central
781:George Cunningham
772:Liverpool Toxteth
672:Ian Wrigglesworth
653:Militant tendency
541:Jonathan Guinness
510:Democratic Labour
463:Militant tendency
376:Militant tendency
346:, who issued the
317:social liberalism
266:
265:
253:Political parties
180:Social liberalism
134:Succeeded by
128:Liberal Democrats
7317:
7211:
7210:
7200:
7199:
7128:
7012:Factional groups
6966:Sectional groups
6945:
6944:
6934:
6933:
6735:
6734:
6724:
6723:
6596:1979 (Callaghan)
6536:1956 (Gaitskell)
6413:Margaret Beckett
6311:Herbert Morrison
6167:Arthur Henderson
6159:Ramsay MacDonald
6146:
6145:
6135:
6134:
6120:^ Interim/Acting
6035:
5941:Pethick-Lawrence
5860:
5747:
5637:
5527:
5416:
5311:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5139:
5138:
5069:Formation of SDP
4981:
4980:
4970:
4969:
4962:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4930:
4929:
4900:
4899:
4819:Coalition Coupon
4738:
4737:
4675:
4674:
4577:Regional parties
4457:
4456:
4446:
4445:
4401:
4400:
4297:
4296:
4286:
4285:
3988:
3987:
3977:
3976:
3969:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3937:
3936:
3909:
3882:
3859:
3836:
3803:
3777:
3744:
3718:
3685:
3659:
3626:
3593:
3568:
3551:Kavanagh, Dennis
3542:
3522:
3486:
3480:
3474:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3447:
3441:
3426:
3420:
3409:
3403:
3390:
3389:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3157:
3144:
3138:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2949:
2943:
2940:
2934:
2927:
2921:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2865:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2682:
2661:
2640:
2619:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2562:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2513:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2419:
2410:
2390:
2381:
2378:Shirley Williams
2356:
2348:
2347:
2326:
2317:
2314:Robert Maclennan
2292:
2283:
2261:
2259:Glasgow Hillhead
2255:
2246:
2218:
2210:
2209:
2193:
2162:
2161:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2067:1985 Tyne Bridge
1993:
1992:
1991:
1818:Shirley Williams
1789:
1788:
1766:
1765:
1758:
1757:
1750:
1720:
1719:
1712:
1711:
1704:
1648:
1647:
1644:House of Commons
1633:Election results
1534:Policy Committee
1421:Robert Maclennan
1337:Glasgow Hillhead
1011:Stockton-on-Tees
929:Robert Maclennan
768:Richard Crawshaw
718:Glasgow Hillhead
710:House of Commons
668:Richard Crawshaw
633:Shirley Williams
600:Shirley Williams
592:
583:
572:
563:
456:social democracy
436:Dimbleby Lecture
344:Shirley Williams
313:social democracy
297:electoral reform
175:Social democracy
124:Merged into
119:
87:Shirley Williams
52:
36:
35:
7325:
7324:
7320:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7315:
7314:
7255:
7254:
7253:
7240:
7205:
7204:Party alliances
7186:
7163:
7007:
6993:Labour Students
6961:
6939:
6920:
6877:
6856:
6840:
6826:Scottish Labour
6814:
6798:
6775:
6749:
6729:
6728:Party structure
6710:
6686:2010 (Miliband)
6471:1932 (Lansbury)
6449:
6296:
6295:
6217:James Callaghan
6175:George Lansbury
6140:
6121:
6119:
6112:
6033:
6027:
5858:
5852:
5745:
5739:
5635:
5629:
5525:
5519:
5414:
5408:
5309:
5303:
5154:
5144:
5125:
4997:
4975:
4964:
4960:
4957:
4927:
4918:
4905:
4890:
4885:For a Fair Deal
4874:The Orange Book
4784:The Land (song)
4743:
4728:
4699:Christian Forum
4694:Beveridge Group
4680:
4661:
4625:
4609:
4593:
4572:
4546:
4481:
4472:Frontbench team
4451:
4436:
4408:
4406:Frontbench team
4387:
4358:2003 (Campbell)
4346:
4317:2006 (Campbell)
4291:
4272:
4199:
4132:
4065:
3982:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3934:
3929:
3906:
3879:
3856:
3800:
3741:
3727:Time to Declare
3682:
3590:
3565:
3539:
3494:
3492:Further reading
3489:
3481:
3477:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3450:
3442:
3429:
3421:
3412:
3404:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3348:
3344:
3337:The Independent
3331:
3330:
3326:
3316:
3314:
3296:
3292:
3281:
3267:
3263:
3255:
3246:
3236:
3234:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3213:
3209:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3148:Craig, F. W. S.
3145:
3141:
3130:
3126:
3118:
3114:
3106:
3099:
3089:
3087:
3076:
3072:
3062:
3060:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3022:
3018:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2928:
2924:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2889:
2885:
2878:
2856:
2852:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2817:
2813:
2806:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2774:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2747:
2739:. p. 236.
2727:
2723:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2700:
2679:
2658:
2637:
2616:
2589:
2585:
2575:
2573:
2572:. 26 March 1981
2564:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2453:
2451:
2446:Politics portal
2444:
2437:
2434:
2422:29 August 1987
2409:
2407:John Cartwright
2396:29 August 1987
2380:
2364:Entered office
2355:
2346:
2334:29 August 1987
2316:
2282:
2245:
2229:Entered office
2217:
2208:
2203:
2194:
2191:
2160:
2129:
2128:
1987:
1986:
1841:1981 Warrington
1787:
1751:
1748:
1705:
1702:
1646:
1641:
1635:
1626:
1565:
1536:
1496:
1482:Prime Minister
1444:John Cartwright
1436:Charles Kennedy
1413:
1395:George Galloway
1356:James Callaghan
1232:
1097:
1007:William Rodgers
985:Islington North
946:Stockport South
755:John Cartwright
617:
616:
615:
614:
595:
594:
593:
585:
584:
575:
574:
573:
565:
564:
553:
494:
488:
424:
419:
262:
184:
149:4 Cowley Street
115:
112:Split from
91:
43:
42:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7323:
7313:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7250:
7249:
7246:
7245:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7217:
7215:
7207:
7206:
7196:
7195:
7192:
7191:
7188:
7187:
7185:
7184:
7177:
7171:
7169:
7165:
7164:
7162:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7051:Future Britain
7048:
7047:
7046:
7039:Fabian Society
7036:
7031:
7026:
7021:
7015:
7013:
7009:
7008:
7006:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6969:
6967:
6963:
6962:
6960:
6959:
6951:
6949:
6941:
6940:
6930:
6929:
6926:
6925:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6918:
6913:
6912:
6911:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6878:
6876:
6875:
6870:
6864:
6862:
6858:
6857:
6855:
6854:
6848:
6846:
6842:
6841:
6839:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6822:
6820:
6816:
6815:
6813:
6812:
6806:
6804:
6800:
6799:
6797:
6796:
6795:
6794:
6783:
6781:
6777:
6776:
6774:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6757:
6755:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6747:
6741:
6739:
6731:
6730:
6720:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6712:
6711:
6709:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6616:1983 (Kinnock)
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6457:
6455:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6447:
6439:
6431:
6429:Harriet Harman
6423:
6415:
6407:
6402:
6400:Roy Hattersley
6394:
6389:
6381:
6373:
6365:
6360:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6334:
6326:
6318:
6313:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6297:
6294:
6293:
6285:
6280:
6272:
6264:
6256:
6248:
6240:
6235:
6227:
6219:
6211:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6191:Hugh Gaitskell
6185:
6183:Clement Attlee
6177:
6169:
6161:
6152:
6150:
6142:
6141:
6131:
6130:
6127:
6126:
6123:
6122:
6117:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6039:
6037:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5944:
5938:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5896:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5864:
5862:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5845:
5839:
5834:
5828:
5822:
5817:
5811:
5806:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5784:
5779:
5773:
5768:
5762:
5757:
5751:
5749:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5641:
5639:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5531:
5529:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5420:
5418:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5310:Deputy Leaders
5305:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5285:
5280:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5227:
5222:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5160:
5158:
5146:
5145:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5106:Tony's Cronies
5103:
5098:
5096:One more heave
5093:
5088:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4987:
4985:
4977:
4976:
4966:
4965:
4956:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4933:
4924:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4916:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4854:One more heave
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4719:Liberal Reform
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4671:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4644:Young Liberals
4641:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4580:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4543:(2020-present)
4538:
4532:
4526:
4520:
4514:
4508:
4502:
4496:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4461:
4453:
4452:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4378:2017 (Swinson)
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4337:2019 (Swinson)
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4312:1999 (Kennedy)
4309:
4307:1988 (Ashdown)
4303:
4301:
4293:
4292:
4282:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4264:
4258:
4252:
4246:
4240:
4234:
4228:
4222:
4216:
4209:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4191:
4185:
4179:
4173:
4167:
4161:
4152:
4142:
4140:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4130:
4124:
4118:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4075:
4073:
4071:Deputy Leaders
4067:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4057:
4051:
4045:
4039:
4033:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4006:
3996:
3994:
3984:
3983:
3973:
3972:
3963:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3940:
3933:
3932:External links
3930:
3928:
3927:
3919:
3910:
3904:
3883:
3877:
3860:
3854:
3846:Michael Joseph
3837:
3804:
3798:
3778:
3760:(2): 205–217.
3745:
3739:
3719:
3686:
3680:
3660:
3642:(3): 403–417.
3627:
3594:
3588:
3569:
3563:
3543:
3537:
3524:
3513:(3): 386–392.
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3485:, p. 206.
3475:
3473:, p. 488.
3463:
3461:, p. 229.
3448:
3446:, p. 228.
3427:
3410:
3408:, p. 227.
3391:
3377:
3363:
3342:
3339:. 6 June 2014.
3324:
3290:
3279:
3261:
3259:, p. 303.
3244:
3222:
3207:
3193:
3175:
3168:
3139:
3124:
3122:, p. 562.
3112:
3110:, p. 276.
3097:
3070:
3043:
3016:
2998:
2991:
2971:
2964:
2944:
2935:
2922:
2910:
2903:
2883:
2876:
2850:
2838:
2831:
2811:
2804:
2784:
2756:
2745:
2721:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2698:
2683:
2677:
2662:
2656:
2641:
2635:
2620:
2614:
2583:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2463:
2449:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2413:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2384:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2303:6 August 1987
2301:
2298:
2293:
2286:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2256:
2249:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2125:
2123:1987 Greenwich
2119:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1786:
1783:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1760:
1752:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1714:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1645:
1642:
1637:Main article:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1578:
1575:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1549:
1546:
1535:
1532:
1495:
1492:
1440:continuing SDP
1412:
1409:
1403:Spitting Image
1314:Peter Tatchell
1302:Robert Mellish
1231:
1228:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1101:House of Lords
1096:
1095:
1082:
1069:
1063:Newcastle East
1056:
1046:Jeffrey Thomas
1043:
1030:
1017:
1004:
991:
978:
965:
952:
939:
926:
913:
899:
886:
873:
867:Gateshead West
860:
847:
837:David Ginsburg
834:
821:
808:
791:
778:
765:
752:
739:
733:Leicester East
725:
720:respectively.
691:Tawney Society
597:
596:
587:
586:
578:
577:
576:
567:
566:
558:
557:
556:
555:
554:
552:
549:
545:National Front
490:Main article:
487:
484:
423:
420:
418:
415:
411:continuing SDP
264:
263:
261:
260:
255:
250:
244:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
218:
212:
211:
206:
202:
201:
192:
186:
185:
183:
182:
177:
171:
169:
163:
162:
159:
153:
152:
146:
142:
141:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
90:
89:
84:
79:
74:
68:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
45:
44:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7322:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7218:
7216:
7212:
7208:
7201:
7197:
7183:
7182:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7172:
7170:
7166:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7045:
7044:Young Fabians
7042:
7041:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7016:
7014:
7010:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6968:
6964:
6958:
6957:
6953:
6952:
6950:
6946:
6942:
6935:
6931:
6917:
6914:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6884:
6882:Miscellaneous
6880:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6859:
6853:
6852:London Labour
6850:
6849:
6847:
6843:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6823:
6821:
6817:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6805:
6801:
6793:
6790:
6789:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6782:
6780:Parliamentary
6778:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6756:
6752:
6746:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6736:
6732:
6725:
6721:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6701:November 2021
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6571:1963 (Wilson)
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6486:1935 (Attlee)
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6458:
6456:
6452:
6446:
6445:Angela Rayner
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6421:John Prescott
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6332:Aneurin Bevan
6330:
6327:
6325:
6324:Jim Griffiths
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6299:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6278:Jeremy Corbyn
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6209:Harold Wilson
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6147:
6143:
6136:
6132:
6115:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6036:
6030:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5900:
5897:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5855:
5849:
5846:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5832:
5829:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5748:
5742:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5632:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5522:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5411:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5306:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5151:
5147:
5140:
5136:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4954:
4949:
4947:
4942:
4940:
4935:
4934:
4931:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4901:
4897:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4849:Liberal Leave
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4809:Liberal Party
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4739:
4735:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4714:History Group
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4676:
4672:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4621:Federal Board
4619:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4551:State parties
4549:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4447:
4443:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4411:
4407:
4402:
4398:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4368:2010 (Hughes)
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4349:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4327:2015 (Farron)
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4287:
4283:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4213:Wrigglesworth
4211:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4139:
4135:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3961:
3956:
3954:
3949:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3907:
3905:9780887388156
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3884:
3880:
3878:9780631171263
3874:
3870:
3866:
3861:
3857:
3855:9780718121891
3851:
3847:
3843:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3805:
3801:
3799:9781902301365
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3782:Rodgers, Bill
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3742:
3740:9780140148053
3736:
3732:
3731:Penguin Books
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3687:
3683:
3681:9781842751770
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3609:(4): 75–102.
3608:
3604:
3600:
3595:
3591:
3589:9780198280507
3585:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3547:Butler, David
3544:
3540:
3534:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3496:
3484:
3479:
3472:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3445:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3424:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3407:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3387:
3381:
3373:
3367:
3359:
3358:
3357:New Statesman
3353:
3346:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3282:
3276:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3232:
3226:
3218:
3211:
3203:
3197:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3171:
3169:9780900178238
3165:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3128:
3121:
3116:
3109:
3104:
3102:
3085:
3081:
3074:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2994:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2948:
2939:
2932:
2926:
2919:
2914:
2906:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2854:
2848:
2842:
2834:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2815:
2807:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2788:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2753:
2748:
2746:9781400859498
2742:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2725:
2717:
2711:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2557:
2542:
2533:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2508:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2464:
2461:
2450:
2447:
2441:
2436:
2425:16 July 1988
2424:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2360:
2357:(Birth–Death)
2349:
2337:3 March 1988
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2300:13 June 1983
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2269:13 June 1983
2268:
2265:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2226:Constituency
2222:
2219:(Birth–Death)
2211:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2151:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:1984 Stafford
2039:
2038:
2035:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1902:Gwynoro Jones
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1782:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1649:
1640:
1630:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1524:Liberal Party
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1508:local cliques
1505:
1501:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1468:Liberal Party
1465:
1461:
1458:, behind the
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1352:Harold Wilson
1349:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1278:Falklands War
1273:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1251:Liberal Party
1248:
1240:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1180:Weekend World
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
990:
986:
982:
979:
977:
973:
969:
966:
964:
960:
956:
953:
951:
947:
943:
940:
938:
934:
930:
927:
925:
921:
917:
914:
912:
908:
904:
903:Dickson Mabon
900:
898:
894:
893:Bradford West
890:
887:
885:
881:
877:
874:
872:
868:
864:
861:
859:
855:
851:
848:
846:
842:
838:
835:
833:
829:
825:
822:
820:
816:
812:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
792:
790:
786:
782:
779:
777:
773:
769:
766:
764:
760:
759:Woolwich East
756:
753:
751:
747:
743:
740:
738:
734:
730:
727:
726:
724:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
694:
692:
686:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
613:
609:
605:
601:
591:
582:
571:
562:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
493:
483:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
459:
457:
453:
452:Liberal Party
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
432:Gaitskellites
429:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Liberal Party
388:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:mixed economy
286:
283:
279:
275:
271:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
245:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
219:
217:
213:
210:
207:
203:
200:
196:
193:
191:
187:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
170:
168:
164:
160:
158:
154:
150:
147:
143:
139:
136:
132:
129:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
99:26 March 1981
98:
94:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
69:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
7179:
6983:LGBT+ Labour
6973:Young Labour
6954:
6831:Welsh Labour
6738:Constitution
6671:1994 (Blair)
6661:1992 (Smith)
6387:Denis Healey
6379:Michael Foot
6371:Edward Short
6340:George Brown
6291:Keir Starmer
6262:Gordon Brown
6233:Neil Kinnock
6225:Michael Foot
6034:EPLP Leaders
5074:Gang of Four
5064:Lib–Lab pact
4990:
4961:Labour Party
4883:
4858:
4844:Lib–Lab pact
4767:Gang of Four
4383:2019 (Davey)
4373:2014 (Bruce)
4363:2006 (Cable)
4342:2020 (Davey)
4332:2017 (Cable)
4322:2007 (Clegg)
4157:
4148:
4011:
4002:
3923:
3914:
3887:
3864:
3841:
3819:(1): 21–28.
3816:
3812:
3785:
3757:
3753:
3726:
3701:(3): 57–74.
3698:
3694:
3667:
3664:Jenkins, Roy
3639:
3635:
3606:
3602:
3574:
3554:
3528:
3510:
3504:
3478:
3466:
3380:
3366:
3355:
3345:
3336:
3327:
3315:. Retrieved
3304:The Guardian
3303:
3293:
3284:
3270:
3264:
3235:. Retrieved
3225:
3210:
3196:
3188:The Guardian
3187:
3178:
3153:
3142:
3134:
3127:
3115:
3088:. Retrieved
3083:
3073:
3061:. Retrieved
3056:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3029:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2981:
2974:
2954:
2947:
2938:
2930:
2925:
2913:
2893:
2886:
2861:
2853:
2847:Gang of Four
2841:
2821:
2814:
2794:
2787:
2775:. Retrieved
2771:
2750:
2731:
2724:
2710:
2688:
2667:
2646:
2625:
2600:
2586:
2574:. Retrieved
2569:
2560:
2541:
2532:
2517:Labour Party
2511:
2393:7 July 1982
2367:Left office
2266:7 July 1982
2232:Left office
2149:
2131:Rosie Barnes
2100:Roger Liddle
2060:Conservative
2019:Felix Aubel
2007:
1989:Mike Hancock
1973:
1946:Conservative
1874:Dick Taverne
1869:1982 Peckham
1833:
1792:By-election
1785:By-elections
1780:
1777:
1771:Conservative
1725:Conservative
1627:
1569:
1566:
1540:
1537:
1528:
1526:led seats.
1516:Labour Party
1497:
1480:Conservative
1477:
1448:Rosie Barnes
1433:
1418:
1414:
1401:
1399:
1391:
1383:Rosie Barnes
1375:Mike Hancock
1368:
1360:
1341:
1326:
1298:Simon Hughes
1288:Labour lost
1287:
1274:
1270:
1244:
1230:The Alliance
1220:
1204:
1192:
1185:
1179:
1175:
1167:Adair Turner
1156:
1105:Michael Foot
1098:
1092:
1079:
1066:
1053:
1040:
1027:
1014:
1001:
988:
975:
962:
955:Bob Mitchell
949:
936:
923:
910:
896:
889:Edward Lyons
883:
870:
857:
844:
831:
818:
805:
788:
775:
762:
749:
742:Ronald Brown
736:
722:
695:
687:
684:
661:
641:Gang of Four
637:Bill Rodgers
621:Labour Party
618:
608:Bill Rodgers
530:
517:
495:
475:Dick Taverne
460:
425:
384:
340:Bill Rodgers
328:Gang of Four
324:Labour Party
321:
273:
269:
267:
231:Red and blue
145:Headquarters
117:Labour Party
107:3 March 1988
82:Bill Rodgers
57:Abbreviation
33:
7111:Open Labour
7019:Blue Labour
6998:BAME Labour
6819:Subnational
6601:1980 (Foot)
6358:Roy Jenkins
6270:Ed Miliband
5111:Blue Labour
4531:(2017–2019)
4525:(2015–2017)
4519:(2007–2010)
4507:(2006–2007)
4501:(1999–2006)
4495:(1997–1999)
4269:(from 2020)
4263:(2015–2019)
4257:(2011–2014)
4251:(2009–2010)
4245:(2005–2008)
4239:(2001–2004)
4233:(1999–2000)
4227:(1995–1998)
4221:(1991–1994)
4215:(1989–1990)
4196:(from 2016)
4190:(2013–2016)
4184:(2004–2013)
4178:(2001–2004)
4172:(1997–2001)
4166:(1988–1997)
4129:(from 2020)
4123:(2019–2020)
4117:(2017–2019)
4111:(2014–2015)
4105:(2010–2014)
4099:(2006–2010)
4093:(2003–2006)
4087:(1992–2003)
4081:(1988–1992)
4062:(from 2020)
4050:(2017–2019)
4044:(2015–2017)
4038:(2007–2015)
4032:(2006–2007)
4026:(1999–2006)
4020:(1988–1999)
3723:Owen, David
3219:. BBC News.
3086:. p. 7
3059:. p. 1
3032:. p. 1
2411:(born 1933)
2382:(1930–2021)
2318:(1936–2020)
2284:(born 1938)
2247:(1920–2003)
2243:Roy Jenkins
2095:1986 Fulham
2045:David Dunn
1958:Roy Jenkins
1846:Roy Jenkins
1813:1981 Crosby
1801:Percentage
1691:Roy Jenkins
1666:Government
1266:Cyril Smith
1259:David Steel
1255:David Steel
1195:Thatcherism
1163:Sue Slipman
1059:Mike Thomas
1050:Abertillery
942:Tom McNally
916:Bryan Magee
729:Tom Bradley
676:Tom Bradley
625:Roy Jenkins
604:Roy Jenkins
535:candidate,
506:by-election
467:Eddie Milne
440:Roy Jenkins
368:infiltrated
332:Roy Jenkins
282:centre-left
199:centre-left
72:Roy Jenkins
7259:Categories
7175:LabourList
7071:Labour CND
6803:Conference
6437:Tom Watson
6254:Tony Blair
6246:John Smith
5935:Lees-Smith
5859:PLP Chairs
5685:Shackleton
5526:Treasurers
5379:Hattersley
5143:Leadership
5101:New Labour
4799:Whig Party
4614:Committees
4598:Conference
4477:Chief whip
4300:Leadership
4205:Presidents
3981:Leadership
3867:. London:
3844:. London:
3790:Politico's
3788:. London:
3729:. London:
3672:Politico's
3670:. London:
2553:References
2525:New Labour
2521:Tony Blair
2344:Presidents
2280:David Owen
2184:1,233,490
2072:Rod Kenyon
1897:1982 Gower
1795:Candidate
1741:3,168,183
1737:David Owen
1695:3,507,803
1484:John Major
1377:had won a
1344:David Owen
1290:Bermondsey
1215:Manchester
1199:neoliberal
1171:Tom Hayhoe
1020:John Roper
994:David Owen
968:Eric Ogden
880:Caerphilly
863:John Horam
850:John Grant
811:James Dunn
629:David Owen
612:David Owen
444:presidency
336:David Owen
157:Youth wing
140:(minority)
138:SDP (1988)
77:David Owen
6771:Treasurer
6754:Executive
6745:Clause IV
5953:Gaitskell
5947:Greenwood
5920:Henderson
5915:MacDonald
5888:Henderson
5883:MacDonald
5873:Henderson
5782:Alexander
5771:McConnell
5675:Alexander
5600:McCluskie
5580:Callaghan
5560:Gaitskell
5555:Greenwood
5545:Henderson
5540:MacDonald
5535:Henderson
5434:Middleton
5429:Henderson
5424:MacDonald
5344:Griffiths
5334:Greenwood
5241:Callaghan
5225:Gaitskell
5204:Henderson
5199:MacDonald
5184:Henderson
5179:MacDonald
5169:Henderson
4450:Structure
4225:Maclennan
4149:(Liberal)
4009:Maclennan
4003:(Liberal)
3833:0263-3957
3766:0017-257X
3715:0140-2382
3648:0007-1234
3623:0140-2382
3312:0261-3077
2777:26 August
2596:"Britain"
2482:Change UK
2361:Portrait
2262:from 1982
2223:Portrait
2187:9.3 (#4)
2165:Election
1804:Position
1663:Position
1651:Election
1577:President
1548:President
1470:, led by
1464:third SDP
1249:with the
1024:Farnworth
824:Tom Ellis
704:, MP for
664:Tom Ellis
657:hard left
655:and the "
649:centrists
539:chairman
438:given by
389:with the
374:level by
319:as well.
258:Elections
223:(1983–84)
104:Dissolved
7106:Momentum
6466:Nov 1931
6103:Willmott
6088:Donnelly
6048:Prescott
5963:Houghton
5925:Lansbury
5787:Jamieson
5776:Jamieson
5765:Jamieson
5715:Williams
5690:Shepherd
5680:Pakenham
5655:Ponsonby
5605:Burlison
5585:Atkinson
5570:Nicholas
5485:Triesman
5480:McDonagh
5465:Mortimer
5455:Nicholas
5444:Williams
5439:Phillips
5389:Prescott
5339:Morrison
5283:Miliband
5219:Morrison
5209:Lansbury
4804:Peelites
4237:Dholakia
4176:Williams
4091:Campbell
4079:Johnston
4030:Campbell
3813:Politics
3784:(2000).
3774:44483581
3725:(1992).
3666:(2006).
3553:(1984).
3150:(1984).
3133:'Hansard
2752:leaders.
2432:See also
1504:entryism
1486:for the
1431:branch.
1429:Tiverton
1346:, MP of
1263:Rochdale
1089:Thornaby
841:Dewsbury
278:centrist
276:) was a
167:Ideology
151:, London
65:Founders
7214:Current
7181:Tribune
7034:Compass
6108:Corbett
6043:Stewart
6003:Corston
5983:Dormand
5968:Mikardo
5905:Adamson
5842:Baillie
5837:Leonard
5831:Baillie
5820:Dugdale
5760:McLeish
5705:Richard
5665:Addison
5645:Haldane
5625:Holland
5610:Prosser
5505:McNicol
5500:Collins
5460:Hayward
5384:Beckett
5359:Jenkins
5299:Starmer
5261:Beckett
5251:Kinnock
5189:Adamson
5155:Leaders
4974:History
4261:Brinton
4231:Maddock
4219:Kennedy
4188:Wallace
4182:McNally
4170:Rodgers
4164:Jenkins
4155:Diamond
4115:Swinson
4054:Swinson
4024:Kennedy
4018:Ashdown
3992:Leaders
3317:30 June
3286:merger.
3237:25 July
2576:25 July
2515:Future
2138:18,287
2107:18.26%
2048:14,733
1996:15,358
1962:10,106
1850:12,521
1822:28,118
1807:Winner
1749:5 / 650
1703:6 / 650
1654:Leader
1514:of the
1327:At the
828:Wrexham
479:Lincoln
446:of the
422:Origins
417:History
228:Colours
96:Founded
6098:Titley
6093:Murphy
6063:Martin
6053:Castle
5978:Willey
5973:Hughes
5958:Wilson
5930:Attlee
5910:Clynes
5899:Wardle
5878:Barnes
5868:Hardie
5848:Sarwar
5825:Rowley
5809:Murphy
5803:Sarwar
5798:Lamont
5730:Royall
5725:Ashton
5700:Hughes
5670:Jowitt
5650:Cripps
5620:Dromey
5590:Varley
5575:Davies
5550:Lathan
5510:Formby
5490:Carter
5475:Sawyer
5470:Whitty
5449:Barker
5404:Rayner
5399:Watson
5394:Harman
5374:Healey
5329:Attlee
5324:Graham
5319:Clynes
5294:Corbyn
5288:Harman
5277:Harman
5236:Wilson
5214:Attlee
5194:Clynes
5174:Barnes
5164:Hardie
5002:Topics
4537:(2019)
4513:(2007)
4255:Farron
4243:Hughes
4160:(1988)
4151:(1988)
4127:Cooper
4103:Hughes
4056:(2019)
4042:Farron
4014:(1988)
4005:(1988)
3902:
3875:
3852:
3831:
3796:
3772:
3764:
3737:
3713:
3678:
3656:194255
3654:
3646:
3621:
3586:
3561:
3535:
3519:193959
3517:
3310:
3277:
3166:
3090:2 June
3063:2 June
3036:3 June
2989:
2962:
2901:
2874:
2829:
2802:
2743:
2696:
2675:
2654:
2633:
2612:
2192:0 / 81
2174:Seats
2168:Votes
2141:53.0%
2116:Labour
2104:6,953
2088:Labour
2079:29.7%
2076:6,942
2051:31.8%
2034:Labour
2025:19.9%
2022:6,554
1999:37.6%
1965:33.4%
1937:29.4%
1934:9,032
1918:Labour
1909:25.1%
1906:9,875
1890:Labour
1881:32.9%
1878:7,418
1862:Labour
1853:42.4%
1825:49.1%
1798:Votes
1660:Seats
1657:Votes
1456:Bootle
1188:claret
920:Leyton
714:Crosby
393:, the
342:, and
303:and a
236:Slogan
195:Centre
6083:David
6078:Green
6058:Lomas
6023:Cryer
6018:Watts
6013:Lloyd
6008:Clwyd
5998:Soley
5993:Hoyle
5893:Hodge
5755:Dewar
5695:Peart
5660:Snell
5615:Elsby
5595:Booth
5565:Bevan
5515:Evans
5364:Short
5354:Brown
5349:Bevan
5272:Brown
5267:Blair
5256:Smith
5230:Brown
4249:Scott
4194:Newby
4158:(SDP)
4146:Seear
4121:Davey
4109:Bruce
4097:Cable
4085:Beith
4060:Davey
4048:Cable
4036:Clegg
4012:(SDP)
4000:Steel
3770:JSTOR
3652:JSTOR
3515:JSTOR
2503:Notes
1698:11.5
1592:Peers
471:Blyth
6948:List
6861:CLPs
6706:2023
6681:1996
6676:1995
6666:1993
6656:1991
6651:1990
6646:1989
6641:1988
6636:1987
6631:1986
6626:1985
6621:1984
6611:1982
6606:1981
6591:1973
6586:1972
6581:1971
6576:1970
6566:1962
6561:1961
6556:1960
6551:1959
6546:1958
6541:1957
6531:1955
6526:1954
6521:1953
6516:1952
6511:1951
6506:1939
6501:1938
6496:1937
6491:1936
6481:1934
6476:1933
6442:2020
6434:2015
6426:2007
6418:1994
6410:1992
6405:1988
6397:1983
6392:1981
6384:1980
6376:1976
6368:1972
6363:1971
6355:1970
6350:1962
6345:1961
6337:1960
6329:1959
6321:1956
6316:1953
6308:1952
6288:2020
6283:2016
6275:2015
6267:2010
6259:2007
6251:1994
6243:1992
6238:1988
6230:1983
6222:1980
6214:1976
6206:1963
6201:1961
6196:1960
6188:1955
6180:1935
6172:1932
6164:1931
6156:1922
6073:Ford
6068:Seal
5988:Orme
5814:Gray
5793:Gray
5720:Amos
5495:Watt
5369:Foot
5246:Foot
4984:Main
4631:SAOs
4267:Pack
3900:ISBN
3873:ISBN
3850:ISBN
3829:ISSN
3794:ISBN
3762:ISSN
3735:ISBN
3711:ISSN
3676:ISBN
3644:ISSN
3619:ISSN
3584:ISBN
3559:ISBN
3533:ISBN
3319:2020
3308:ISSN
3275:ISBN
3239:2016
3164:ISBN
3092:2021
3065:2021
3038:2021
2987:ISBN
2960:ISBN
2899:ISBN
2872:ISBN
2827:ISBN
2800:ISBN
2779:2018
2741:ISBN
2694:ISBN
2673:ISBN
2652:ISBN
2631:ISBN
2610:ISBN
2578:2016
2354:Name
2216:Name
2180:1984
2144:1st
2110:3rd
2082:2nd
2054:2nd
2028:2nd
2002:1st
1968:1st
1940:2nd
1912:2nd
1884:2nd
1856:2nd
1828:1st
1767:4th
1744:9.7
1732:1987
1721:4th
1686:1983
1599:MEPs
1512:CLPs
1446:and
1354:and
1169:and
901:Dr.
716:and
670:and
635:and
401:and
399:1983
268:The
27:and
5710:Jay
3821:doi
3703:doi
3611:doi
3160:311
2150:SDP
2008:SDP
1974:SDP
1834:SDP
1585:MPs
1583:10
1553:MPs
1551:10
1454:in
1312:of
477:in
469:at
370:at
330:":
295:),
280:to
274:SDP
197:to
60:SDP
7261::
4654:,
4650:,
3898:.
3894::
3890:.
3871:.
3848:.
3827:.
3815:.
3811:.
3792:.
3768:.
3758:21
3756:.
3752:.
3733:.
3709:.
3699:11
3697:.
3693:.
3674:.
3650:.
3640:24
3638:.
3634:.
3617:.
3605:.
3601:.
3582:.
3578:.
3549:;
3511:14
3509:.
3503:.
3451:^
3430:^
3413:^
3394:^
3354:.
3335:.
3306:.
3302:.
3283:.
3247:^
3186:.
3162:.
3100:^
3082:.
3055:.
3028:.
3009:.
2870:.
2868:95
2770:.
2759:^
2749:.
2735:.
2608:.
2606:66
2568:.
2403:2
2374:1
2351:#
2310:3
2276:2
2239:1
2213:#
2171:%
1759:1
1713:6
1680:±
1677:#
1674:%
1671:#
1606:3
1597:1
1590:2
1490:.
1366:.
1221:A
1173:.
1091:)
1078:)
1065:)
1052:)
1039:)
1026:)
1013:)
1000:)
987:)
974:)
961:)
948:)
935:)
922:)
909:)
895:)
882:)
869:)
856:)
843:)
830:)
817:)
804:)
787:)
774:)
761:)
748:)
735:)
700:,
666:,
631:,
627:,
610:,
606:,
602:,
458:.
413:.
338:,
334:,
299:,
5949:*
5943:*
5937:*
5901:*
5895:*
5844:^
5833:^
5827:^
5816:^
5805:^
5789:^
5778:^
5767:^
5451:^
5290:^
5279:^
5263:^
5232:^
5221:^
4952:e
4945:t
4938:v
4658:)
4646:(
3959:e
3952:t
3945:v
3908:.
3881:.
3858:.
3835:.
3823::
3817:7
3802:.
3776:.
3743:.
3717:.
3705::
3684:.
3658:.
3625:.
3613::
3607:6
3592:.
3567:.
3541:.
3523:.
3360:.
3321:.
3241:.
3172:.
3131:'
3094:.
3067:.
3040:.
2995:.
2968:.
2920:.
2907:.
2880:.
2835:.
2808:.
2781:.
2718:.
2702:.
2681:.
2660:.
2639:.
2618:.
2580:.
2527:)
1087:(
1074:(
1061:(
1048:(
1035:(
1022:(
1009:(
996:(
983:(
970:(
957:(
944:(
931:(
918:(
905:(
891:(
878:(
865:(
852:(
839:(
826:(
813:(
796:(
783:(
770:(
757:(
744:(
731:(
623:(
272:(
31:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg){kind=logo}