208:, Solomon Two Stars and other "friendly" soldiers had gathered in a ravine to avoid participating in the attack on Sibley's troops. Some of the "friendly" soldiers invaded Little Crow's camp to rescue white and mixed-blood captives, using force when needed, and took them back to safety in their camp; fearing reprisal from the hostiles, they hid them in large pits they dug in the center of the lodges. Around the same time, Renville, Solomon Tukanshaciye and others pursued a war party that was fleeing westward and secured the release of additional captives.
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and Taopi who had joined them, sent
Antoine J. Campbell as a messenger to let Sibley know that the captives were safe and to seek reassurances that the Dakota who had not participated in the murders would not be harmed. In his letters, Sibley assured, "I have not come to make war upon those who are
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soldiers advocated attacking the friendly camp. Little Crow refused, arguing that doing so would result in more civilian deaths as well as a tribal civil war with his full- and mixed-blood relatives, and instructed his followers to pack up and flee instead. As he prepared to retreat to the northern
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In the nights that followed, a growing number of
Mdewakantons, some of whom had been in Little Crow's camp and did not want to flee to the plains, quietly joined the families at Camp Release. Sibley allowed them to come in, requiring only that they give up their guns and ammunition. Historian Gary
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and had accompanied him to battle and served as his secretary during his correspondence with Sibley. Campbell, returning from Sibley's camp, delivered a final message from Sibley demanding Little Crow's unconditional surrender. Fearing Little Crow's wrath, Campbell found instead that Little Crow
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Sibley wrote about the event, "The
Indians and half-breeds assembled ... in considerable numbers, and I proceeded to give them very briefly my views of the late proceedings; my determination that the guilty parties should be pursued and overtaken, if possible, and I made a demand that all the
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Despite the "surrender," many "hostile" Dakota warriors remained at large; armed conflict eventually broke out again during the following year and it continued into 1865. Meanwhile, many members of the Dakota "peace faction" who had surrendered at Camp
Release were among the
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The Dakota Peace Party immediately released 91 white settlers and about 150 mixed-blood captives, and within the next few days, secured the release of additional captives. The total number of captives was 107 whites and 162 mixed-bloods, for a grand total of 269.
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On
September 28, 1862, a military commission established by Colonel Sibley began to interrogate and try the Dakota men accused of participating in the war. Several weeks later, the trials were moved to the last building left standing at the
257:. The next morning, September 26, Sibley and a small contingent of American soldiers entered the "friendly" camp, which became known as Camp Release, and saw "nothing but white rags, attached to the top of tepee poles."
176:, where the Dakota Peace Party handed over 269 captives who had been held hostage by the "hostile" Dakota camp, which broke up as Little Crow and his followers dispersed. In the nights that followed, a growing number of
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warriors who had participated in battle quietly joined the "friendly" Dakotas at Camp
Release; many were persuaded by Sibley's earlier promise to punish only those who had killed settlers.
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Clayton
Anderson writes, "It was a devilish plot: he wholly intended to capture as many of these Indians as possible, believing most to be guilty of killing civilians."
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greeted him warmly as "cousin," laughed derisively at Sibley's message, and agreed to force his soldiers to surrender the remaining 46 captives in his camp to
Campbell.
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On
September 25, 1862, Colonel Sibley's troops left Lone Tree Lake and marched at a slow and cautious pace about ten miles to the Hazelwood mission, near
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In his memoir, Gabriel
Renville recounted, "With joyous handshaking we met, and the white prisoners were taken into the soldiers' camp." Major
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chiefs (such as Red Iron (Mazaduta) and Standing Buffalo), officers of the "friendly" soldiers' lodge (such as
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innocent but upon the guilty," and advised friendlies to remain in their camps and raise a white flag.
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Great Plains, he asked to see Antoine Joseph Campbell, a mixed-blood interpreter who had worked at the
161:, but he realized he did not have the resources for a vigorous pursuit. Furthermore, he was aware that
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Gabriel Renville: From the Dakota War to the Creation of the Sisseton-Wahpeton Reservation, 1825-1892
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Massacre in Minnesota: The Dakota War of 1862, the Most Violent Ethnic Conflict in American History
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Massacre in Minnesota: The Dakota War of 1862, the Most Violent Ethnic Conflict in American History
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captives should be delivered to me instantly, that I might take them to my camp."
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was finally reunited with his wife Susan Frenier Brown and their children.
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Through Dakota Eyes: Narrative Accounts of the Minnesota Indian War of 1862
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was organized in 1871, and named in commemoration of the incident.
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Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance
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The Dakota War: The United States Army Versus the Sioux, 1862-1865
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chiefs who had signaled their opposition to further conflict.
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Anderson, Gary Clayton; Woolworth, Alan R., eds. (1988).
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had been losing support and was in contact with several
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Camp Release Township, Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota
311:was dedicated in 1894 as a memorial of the event.
456:. Pierre: South Dakota Historical Society Press.
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172:On September 26, 1862, Colonel Sibley arrived at
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481:. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society.
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379:. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society.
323:, a white captive released at Camp Release
249:Arrival of Sibley's troops at Camp Release
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196:Rescue of white and mixed-blood prisoners
586:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
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563:. Minnesota Historical Society. p.
511:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
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433:HMdb.org, The Historical Marker Database
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157:had considered pursuing the retreating
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479:Little Crow: Spokesman for the Sioux
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200:On September 23, 1862, during the
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582:Anderson, Gary Clayton (2019).
507:Anderson, Gary Clayton (2019).
477:Anderson, Gary Clayton (1986).
452:Anderson, Gary Clayton (2018).
400:Clodfelter, Micheal D. (2006).
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525:
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607:Minnesota Historical Society
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346:The U.S.-Dakota War of 1862
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305:Camp Release State Monument
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228:In the days that followed,
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666:Chippewa County, Minnesota
603:The Sioux Uprising of 1862
537:The US-Dakota War of 1862
145:was the final act in the
143:Surrender at Camp Release
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601:Carley, Kenneth (1976).
404:. McFarland Publishing.
255:Granite Falls, Minnesota
557:Upham, Warren (1920).
297:
230:Sissetons and Wahpeton
69:The Dakota War of 1862
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681:September 1862 events
642:44.93556°N 95.74722°W
309:Montevideo, Minnesota
296:Camp Release Monument
295:
188:who were exiled from
155:Henry Hastings Sibley
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647:44.93556; -95.74722
638: /
605:(Second ed.).
213:Battle of Wood Lake
202:Battle of Wood Lake
151:Battle of Wood Lake
671:Dakota War of 1862
321:Sarah F. Wakefield
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282:Lower Sioux Agency
147:Dakota War of 1862
75:Lower Sioux Agency
57:Dakota War of 1862
22:
20:Camp Release, 1862
593:978-0-8061-6434-2
518:978-0-8061-6434-2
463:978-1-941813-06-5
386:978-0-87351-216-9
240:chiefs including
163:Chief Little Crow
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149:. After the
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130:Camp Release
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105:Birch Coulee
95:Fort Ridgely
645: /
238:Mdewakanton
217:Mdewakanton
178:Mdewakanton
167:Mdewakanton
115:Forest City
676:Surrenders
660:Categories
633:95°44′50″W
543:2021-05-09
438:2021-05-21
352:2021-05-09
328:References
211:After the
153:, Colonel
120:Hutchinson
630:44°56′8″N
192:in 1863.
190:Minnesota
125:Wood Lake
315:See also
288:Memorial
242:Wabasha
85:New Ulm
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236:) and
186:Dakota
307:near
159:Sioux
110:Acton
611:ISBN
588:ISBN
513:ISBN
483:ISBN
458:ISBN
406:ISBN
381:ISBN
141:The
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
