448:
460:
658:
165:
432:
472:
420:
375:, when Catholic Masses were again held in the cathedral. A year after the French retreat, the still unfinished and insufficiently supported nave collapsed on 1 August 1674 during a massive storm that caused a tornado. Over the subsequent centuries, much of the enormous building fell into further neglect. The pitiable state of the cathedral led to some small restoration activities in the nineteenth century, followed by major renovations in the early twentieth century with the aim of returning the cathedral to its original state. However, the nave was never rebuilt.
32:
582:
570:
546:
558:
105:
797:
265:
657:
341:
structure in 1254. The construction of the Gothic cathedral continued into the 16th century. The first part to be built was the choir. The Dom Tower was started in 1321 and finished in 1382. After 1515, steadily diminishing financing prevented completion of this building project, of which an almost
447:
295:(died 739), the Apostle to the Frisians, established a second chapel devoted to Saint Martin on (or close to) the site of the current building. This church was destroyed by the Normans in the 9th century during one of their many raids on Utrecht, but was reconstructed by Bishop
459:
523:
In 2004, 750 years after construction began, the collapsed parts were temporarily rebuilt in scaffolding material. The scaffolding was also blown down in a storm, like the original nave. In 2013, a project started to expose the cathedral's
664:
229:
as developed in France. All other Gothic churches in the
Netherlands belong to one of the many regional variants. Unlike most of its French predecessors, the building has only one tower, the 112-metre-high (367 ft)
419:
299:
in the 10th century. During this period St. Martin's came to be the principal church of
Utrecht, see of the bishop. The church had its own small territorial close (known as an "immunity") and was led by a
487:
What remains of St. Martin's today are the choir, the transept and the Dom Tower. The central nave of the cathedral which collapsed in the storm of 1674 is now a square with large trees, the
699:
364:
belief that statues in a house of God were idolatrous images which must be destroyed. As a result, many of the ornaments on both the exterior and interior of the cathedral were destroyed.
471:
371:
the cathedral from the
Diocese of Utrecht to local Calvinists. From then on Protestant services were held in the building with one brief exception, in 1672 and 1673, during the
823:
402:
431:
531:
Since 2019, the Dom tower has been undergoing major renovations. When the church spire was temporarily removed, between
November 2021 and July 2022, the
892:
887:
877:
703:
569:
617:
both died in
Utrecht, in 1039 and 1125 respectively. Their bowels and hearts were interred in the cathedral. The modest "Emperors' stones" (
539:
briefly became the church with the tallest tower in the
Netherlands. The renovation works are scheduled to finish in the summer of 2024.
333:. This building, also known as Adalbold's Dom, was partially destroyed in the fire of 1253 which ravaged much of Utrecht, leading Bishop
489:
872:
517:
882:
395:
378:
The
Catholic Church remained strong within Utrecht following the Reformation but was legally obliged to worship discreetly in
410:
200:
20:
581:
406:
319:
and consecrated in 1023. It is thought to have been the center of a cross-shaped conglomeration of five churches, called a
643:
There are many other beautifully carved burial slabs and memorials in the cathedral. Of particular note is the monumental
862:
814:
624:
The only medieval tomb of importance to remain relatively unscathed in the cathedral is that of the 14th-century Bishop
867:
759:
738:
75:
53:
667:
Epitaph for the
Provost and Canon Jacob van Lichtenberg (around 1384â1449), illegitimate father of Utrecht poet and
545:
425:
View of St. Martin's
Cathedral from the north, before the nave's collapse. Etching after Steven van Lamsweerde, 1660
46:
115:
164:
131:
465:
Military aerial view of
Domplein and its environs, 1920â1940. Nederlands Instituut voor Militaire Historie.
391:
222:
collapsed in a storm in 1674 and has never been rebuilt, leaving the tower isolated from the east end.
94:
557:
629:
525:
238:
155:
40:
806:
312:
316:
57:
353:
225:
The building is the one church in the Netherlands that closely resembles the style of classic
453:
View of the choir from the north showing the collapsed nave. Engraving by I. van Vianen, 1697
500:. Stones in various colours indicate in the pavement the original outlines of the church. A
249:
231:
8:
532:
338:
334:
296:
245:
226:
188:
291:
on Utrecht shortly thereafter. The site of this first chapel within Utrecht is unknown.
606:
509:
438:
379:
776:
755:
734:
648:
637:
610:
598:
301:
633:
513:
372:
292:
770:
749:
614:
477:
The church as seen from the tower, in front the temporarily rebuilt section, 2004
192:
671:
625:
602:
305:
180:
856:
838:
825:
803:
780:
775:. Heemschut-serie (in Dutch). Vol. deel 39. Amsterdam: Albert de Lange.
505:
357:
346:
253:
104:
621:) in the floor of the choir of the cathedral are a reminder of this fact.
494:
323:
284:
269:
208:
204:
124:
89:
Frontiers of the Roman Empire -- The Lower German Limes: Utrecht-Domplein
264:
272:
212:
700:"Utrechtse Domtoren weer officieel de hoogste kerktoren van Nederland"
144:
668:
361:
330:
283:
was founded around 630 by Frankish clergy under the patronage of the
196:
575:
Excavation work on the foundations of the central nave pillars, 2013
644:
501:
368:
288:
751:
Geschiedenis van de stad Utrecht : "een paradijs vol weelde"
311:
The church was repeatedly destroyed by fires and then rebuilt. A
280:
120:
242:
241:
the cathedral, Dom Tower, and the Domplein was inscribed as a
536:
403:
reestablishment of the episcopal hierarchy in the Netherlands
219:
342:
complete series of building accounts exists. In 1566, the
168:
St Martin's Cathedral, Utrecht, buttresses as seen from SE
647:, which contained the heart of the 16th-century Bishop
218:
It was once the Netherlands' largest church, but the
609:was always an honorary canon of the cathedral. The
592:
268:Altar piece in St. Martin's Cathedral, attacked in
601:and had particularly close links to the imperial
19:For the Roman Catholic cathedral in Utrecht, see
854:
394:'s, later became the principal cathedral of the
287:kings but was destroyed during an attack of the
772:Utrecht, De Geschiedenis en de Oude Bouwwerken
597:Utrecht was an important city in the western
337:to initiate the construction of the current
384:
344:
321:
409:of the Carmelites as the cathedral of the
308:, who generally belonged to the nobility.
256:archaeological remains within the square.
893:Pre-Reformation Roman Catholic cathedrals
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Church dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours
731:Graven en begraven in de Dom van Utrecht
518:Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
263:
163:
39:This article includes a list of general
697:
237:In the joint 2021, 2022 session of the
888:Gothic architecture in the Netherlands
878:Protestant churches in the Netherlands
855:
768:
396:Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands
747:
728:
482:
411:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
401:The Catholic Church, during the 1853
234:, which is the hallmark of the city.
367:In 1580 the Utrecht city government
25:
520:, was signed in the chapter house.
13:
702:. Trouw, DPG Media. Archived from
551:Exterior of St. Martin's Cathedral
45:it lacks sufficient corresponding
21:St. Catherine's Cathedral, Utrecht
14:
904:
788:
748:Bruin, Renger E. de, ed. (2000).
315:style church was built by Bishop
873:Rijksmonuments in Utrecht (city)
795:
698:Harmsen, Judith (15 July 2022).
656:
593:Burials and memorials in the Dom
587:Dom tower under renovation, 2019
580:
568:
556:
544:
508:, which is now the main hall of
470:
458:
446:
430:
418:
136:Cultural: (ii), (iii), (iv)
103:
30:
817:, the church's official website
722:
605:. In the early Middle Ages the
512:, are also still standing. The
207:. It is the country's only pre-
173:St. Martin's Cathedral, Utrecht
109:View of the cathedral and tower
754:(in Dutch). Utrecht: Matrijs.
733:(in Dutch). Bunnik: Reinders.
691:
441:, 1674 (the year of the storm)
1:
883:Cathedrals in the Netherlands
769:Hulzen, Albertus van (1944).
679:
516:, a founding document of the
684:
7:
10:
909:
863:Churches in Utrecht (city)
390:). One of these churches,
259:
211:cathedral, but has been a
191:church dedicated to Saint
96:UNESCO World Heritage Site
18:
868:History of Utrecht (city)
630:John II, Count of Holland
356:swept across much of the
150:
140:
130:
114:
102:
93:
526:archaeological artifacts
405:, designated the former
239:World Heritage Committee
329:, built to commemorate
60:more precise citations.
563:View from the cloister
407:St. Catherine's Church
385:
345:
322:
276:
184:
169:
267:
167:
839:52.09083°N 5.12167°E
380:clandestine churches
279:The first chapel in
250:Lower Germanic Limes
835: /
360:, justified by the
275:in the 16th century
246:World Heritage Site
227:Gothic architecture
215:church since 1580.
90:
729:Borst, P. (1997).
674:(1426â1514), 2023.
607:Holy Roman Emperor
510:Utrecht University
483:Current-day church
439:Hendrick van Vliet
277:
201:Diocese of Utrecht
170:
88:
844:52.09083; 5.12167
649:George van Egmond
628:â the brother of
611:Emperor Conrad II
599:Holy Roman Empire
437:Interior view by
302:cathedral chapter
162:
161:
86:
85:
78:
900:
850:
849:
847:
846:
845:
840:
836:
833:
832:
831:
828:
799:
798:
784:
765:
744:
716:
715:
713:
711:
695:
660:
619:keizerssteentjes
584:
572:
560:
548:
514:Union of Utrecht
498:
474:
462:
450:
434:
422:
388:
373:Franco-Dutch War
350:
335:Henry van Vianen
327:
293:Saint Willibrord
195:, which was the
107:
97:
91:
87:
81:
74:
70:
67:
61:
56:this article by
47:inline citations
34:
33:
26:
908:
907:
903:
902:
901:
899:
898:
897:
853:
852:
843:
841:
837:
834:
829:
826:
824:
822:
821:
811:
810:
809:
800:
796:
791:
762:
741:
725:
720:
719:
709:
707:
696:
692:
687:
682:
677:
676:
675:
666:
661:
615:Emperor Henry V
595:
588:
585:
576:
573:
564:
561:
552:
549:
492:
485:
478:
475:
466:
463:
454:
451:
442:
435:
426:
423:
354:Iconoclast Fury
262:
248:as part of the
193:Martin of Tours
110:
95:
82:
71:
65:
62:
52:Please help to
51:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
906:
896:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
819:
818:
801:
794:
793:
792:
790:
789:External links
787:
786:
785:
766:
760:
745:
739:
724:
721:
718:
717:
689:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
672:Suster Bertken
663:
662:
655:
654:
653:
626:Guy of Avesnes
603:Salian dynasty
594:
591:
590:
589:
586:
579:
577:
574:
567:
565:
562:
555:
553:
550:
543:
484:
481:
480:
479:
476:
469:
467:
464:
457:
455:
452:
445:
443:
436:
429:
427:
424:
417:
261:
258:
160:
159:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
134:
128:
127:
118:
112:
111:
108:
100:
99:
84:
83:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
905:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
860:
858:
851:
848:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
804:Rijksmonument
782:
778:
774:
773:
767:
763:
761:9789053451755
757:
753:
752:
746:
742:
740:9789072507266
736:
732:
727:
726:
706:on 2022-07-15
705:
701:
694:
690:
673:
670:
665:
659:
652:
650:
646:
641:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
583:
578:
571:
566:
559:
554:
547:
542:
541:
540:
538:
534:
529:
527:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:chapter house
503:
499:
496:
491:
473:
468:
461:
456:
449:
444:
440:
433:
428:
421:
416:
415:
414:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
387:
381:
376:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
358:Low Countries
355:
351:
349:
348:
340:
336:
332:
328:
326:
325:
318:
314:
309:
307:
303:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
274:
271:
266:
257:
255:
251:
247:
244:
240:
235:
233:
228:
223:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
166:
157:
153:
149:
146:
143:
139:
135:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119:
117:
113:
106:
101:
98:
92:
80:
77:
69:
59:
55:
49:
48:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
820:
771:
750:
730:
723:Bibliography
708:. Retrieved
704:the original
693:
642:
623:
618:
596:
530:
522:
488:
486:
400:
392:St. Gertrude
386:schuilkerken
383:
377:
366:
347:Beeldenstorm
343:
320:
310:
278:
236:
224:
217:
176:
172:
171:
72:
63:
44:
842: /
533:Nieuwe Kerk
493: [
324:Kerkenkruis
285:Merovingian
270:Reformation
209:Reformation
205:Middle Ages
203:during the
154:2021 (44th
151:Inscription
125:Netherlands
58:introducing
857:Categories
827:52°05âē27âģN
815:domkerk.nl
680:References
313:Romanesque
273:iconoclasm
252:, for its
213:Protestant
177:Dom Church
66:March 2020
41:references
830:5°07âē18âģE
781:645419597
710:8 October
685:Citations
669:anchorite
362:Calvinist
331:Conrad II
232:Dom Tower
197:cathedral
141:Reference
645:cenotaph
613:and the
502:cloister
490:Domplein
369:devolved
317:Adalbold
297:Balderic
289:Frisians
187:), is a
132:Criteria
116:Location
638:Zeeland
634:Hainaut
281:Utrecht
260:History
199:of the
185:Domkerk
156:Session
121:Utrecht
54:improve
802:Dutch
779:
758:
737:
636:, and
504:and a
339:Gothic
306:canons
243:UNESCO
189:Gothic
43:, but
807:35973
537:Delft
497:]
254:Roman
181:Dutch
175:, or
777:OCLC
756:ISBN
735:ISBN
712:2023
220:nave
145:1631
535:in
352:or
304:of
859::
651:.
640:.
632:,
528:.
495:nl
413:.
398:.
183::
123:,
783:.
764:.
743:.
714:.
382:(
179:(
158:)
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
50:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
