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Holy See, may formally set it up as a religious institute under his own jurisdiction. Later, when it has grown in numbers, perhaps extending also into other dioceses, and further proved its worth, the Holy See may grant it formal approval, bringing it under the Holy See's responsibility, rather than that of the
Bishops of the dioceses where it is present. For the good of such institutes and to provide for the needs of their apostolate, the Holy See may exempt them from the governance of the local Bishops, bringing them entirely under the authority of the Holy See itself or of someone else. In some respects, for example public liturgical practice, they always remain under the local bishop's supervision.
7457:
3634:, and some others have lasted longer, either because transformed from what they were originally or because of the prestige of their founders. In 2015, Giancarlo Rocca suggested that attention should be given not so much to the life-span of individual religious institutes, as to the duration of what Rocca called "religious institutions", corresponding to the juridical categories of monastics, canons, mendicant orders, clerks regular, priestly societies, religious congregations, and secular institutes. The religious institutes that have disappeared since 1960 have mostly been
3642:. They modernized the Church, the State, and religious life itself. Older institutes adopted some of their features, especially in the fields of education and health care, areas, however, that the State has now almost entirely taken over. This suggests that the life-span of a religious institute is largely determined by the point at which it comes into being within the life cycle of the "religious institution" to which it belongs. "Religious institutions" themselves do not necessarily disappear altogether with time, but they lose importance, as happened to
35:
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particular community until death and not seek to move to another), and "conversion of life" which implicitly includes the counsels of chastity and evangelical poverty. Some institutes take additional vows (a "fourth vow" is typical), specifying some particular work or defining condition of their way of life (e.g., the Jesuit vow to undertake any mission upon which they are sent by the pope; the
Missionaries of Charity vow to serve always the poorest of the poor).
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3418:, who supported themselves not, as the monasteries did, by rent on landed property, but by work and the charitable aid of others. Both these institutes had vows of poverty but, while for the Franciscans poverty was an aim in itself, the Dominicans, treating poverty as a means or instrument, were allowed to own their churches and convents. Similar institutes that appeared at about the same time were the
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3318:, an abbot from a Leinster noble family, travelled to Gaul in the late 6th century with twelve companions. He and his followers spread the Irish model of monastic institutions established by noble families to the continent. A whole series of new rural monastic foundations on great rural estates under Irish influence sprang up, starting with St. Columbanus's foundations of Fontaines and
3618:, 20–40 years of consolidation, a century or so of expansion, another century or so of stabilization, 50–100 years of decline, followed by death, even if death is not officially declared until later. In this view, a religious institute lasts 250–350 years before being replaced by another religious institute with a similar life-span. Hostie recognized that there are exceptions:
3398:, not monks but clergy devoted to ascetism, study and pastoral care. These aggregations of monasteries marked a departure from the previously existing arrangement whereby each monastery was totally independent and could decide what rule to follow. It also prepared the way for the quite different religious orders of the 13th century.
3274:
Commonly, Irish monasteries were established by grants of land to an abbot or abbess, who came from a local noble family. The monastery became the spiritual focus of the tribe or kin group. Irish monastic rules specify a stern life of prayer and discipline in which prayer, poverty, and obedience are
3174:
began his monastic career at a monastery in
Palestine around 385 to study monastic practice there. In Egypt he had been attracted to the isolated life of hermits, which he considered the highest form of monasticism, yet the monasteries he founded were all organized monastic communities. About 410 he
2906:
A vow is classified as public if a legitimate superior accepts it in the name of the church, as happens when one joins a religious institute. In making their religious profession, the members are "incorporated into the institute, with the rights and duties defined by law", and "through the ministry
3027:
Religious institutes normally begin as an association formed, with the consent of the diocesan bishop, for the purpose of becoming a religious institute. After time has provided proof of the rectitude, seriousness and durability of the new association, the bishop, having obtained permission of the
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Admittance to a religious institute is regulated by the requirements canon law states. Religious profession can be temporary or perpetual: "Temporary profession is to be made for the period defined by the institute's own law. This period may not be less than three years nor longer than six years."
3578:
the special consecration that distinguished "orders" (institutes with solemn vows) from "congregations" (institutes with simple vows), while keeping some juridical distinctions between the two classes. Even these remaining juridical distinctions were abolished by the 1983 Code of Canon Law, which
3058:
who had consecrated themselves to Christ are found at least as far back as the 2nd century. There were also individual ascetics, known as the "devout", who usually lived not in the deserts but on the edge of inhabited places, still remaining in the world but practicing asceticism and striving for
3527:
to be divided into professed with solemn vows and coadjutors with dispensable simple vows. The novelty was found in the nature of these simple vows, since they constituted the Jesuit coadjutors as religious in the true and proper sense of the word, with the consequent privileges and exemption of
2910:
Typically, members of religious institutes either take vows of evangelical chastity, poverty, and obedience (the "Evangelical
Counsels") to lead a life in imitation of Christ Jesus, or, those following the Rule of Saint Benedict, the vows of obedience, stability (that is, to remain with this
3229:, which was sent to a community of women in the city of Hippo governed by his sister. Augustine's writings were well known in the West in the sixth century (though unknown in the East until several centuries later) and his texts on religious or monastic life were considered standard.
3221:), was written somewhere south of Rome around 500. The rule adds administrative elements not found in earlier rules, defining the activities of the monastery, its officers, and their responsibilities in great detail. One of the writings that influenced the Master was Saint
2981:, etc.) observe the Rule of Saint Benedict, a collection of precepts for what is called contemplative religious life. The Rule of Saint Augustine stresses self-denial, moderation, and care for those in need. Many canons regular follow the Rule of Saint Augustine.
3528:
regulars, including them being a diriment impediment to matrimony, etc. In theory, the recognition as religious for simple vows had universal validity, but in practice, the Roman Curia considered it an exclusive privilege to the
Society of Jesus.
3495:
invasions of other
Catholic countries, depriving thousands of monks and nuns of the income that their communities held because of inheritances and forcing them to find a new way of living their religious life. Examples of such institutes are the
2918:
no longer has any juridical effect. Solemn vows once meant those taken in what was called a religious order. "Today, in order to know when a vow is solemn it will be necessary to refer to the proper law of the institutes of consecrated life."
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is "a society in which members, according to proper law, pronounce public vows, either perpetual or temporary which are to be renewed, however, when the period of time has elapsed, and lead a life of brothers or sisters in common."
848:
3113:), but worked, ate, and worshipped in shared space. Guidelines for daily life were drawn up (a monastic 'rule'); and several monasteries were founded, nine for men and two for women. This method of monastic organization is called
2937:") allocate due time to communal prayer, private prayer, spiritual reading, work, meals, communal recreation, sleep, and fixes any hours during which stricter silence is to be observed, in accordance with their own institute's
3430:. While the monasteries had chosen situations in the remote countryside, these new institutes, which aimed at least as much at evangelizing others as at sanctifying their own members, had their houses in the cities and towns.
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rejected this class of institute, but they continued to exist and even increased in number. After at first being merely tolerated, they afterward obtained approval, finally gaining on 8 December 1900 recognition as
3018:
Constitutions of 1536 are added to the Rule of Saint
Francis. In addition to the more fundamental provisions of the rule or constitutions, religious institutes have statutes that are more easily subject to change.
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The same Code also abolished the distinction according to which solemn vows, unlike simple vows, were indissoluble. It recognized no totally indispensable religious vows and thereby abrogated for the
2706:
Other religious institutes have apostolates that wherein their members interact with the secular world, such as in teaching, healthcare, social work, while maintaining their distinctiveness in
3914:, Chapter I, "Religious Profession: An Act of the Church which Consecrates and Incorporates", Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, 2 February 1990"
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Daily living in religious institutes is regulated by canon law as well as the particular rule they have adopted and their own constitutions and customs. Their respective timetables ("
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the central themes. However Irish monks read even secular Latin texts with an enthusiasm that their contemporaries on the continent lacked. By the end of the 7th century, Irish
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Members who, without living in formal community, have made a private vow or promise, such as of perseverance in pious life. They are often called Third order secular.
7820:
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3205:. Lérins became, in time, a center of monastic culture and learning, and many later monks and bishops would pass through Lérins in the early stages of their career.
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This article is about the specific type of Roman
Catholic organization called "religious institutes". For the general sense of the term "religious institute", see
5255:
3179:, one for men, one for women. In time these attracted a total of 5,000 monks and nuns. Most significant for the future development of monasticism were Cassian's
2012:
3374:
with common governance the monasteries following the
Benedictine Rule that chose to join it or were founded by it, continued with the foundation in 1084 of the
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made up of friars (some of whom may be clerics) who, while living and praying in common, may have a more active apostolate, and depend on alms for their support
7850:
7441:
7436:
4652:
2002:
3394:, then 23 years old, who was to prove a dominating figure in the life of Western Europe for forty years. This was followed by the foundation in 1120 of the
9155:
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2007:
8253:
5706:
5353:
4702:
3571:" reserved in canon law for those who belonged to an institute of solemn vows, even if in some localities they were allowed to take simple vows instead.
4644:
4467:
3334:. One of St. Columbanus's followers founded the monastery of St. Gall on the shores of Lake Constance, while St. Columbanus continued onward across the
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was optional, enabling non-enclosed followers of the rule to engage in various works of charity not allowed to enclosed religious. In 1566 and 1568,
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3326:. After Childebert's death St. Columbanus travelled east to Metz, where Theudebert II allowed him to establish a new monastery among the semi-pagan
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Associated members who live in community and follow a rule are called "Third order religious". Various religious congregations are tertiaries.
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The earliest
Monastic settlements in Ireland emerged at the end of the 5th century. The first identifiable founder of a monastery was Saint
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2758:, etc. or one composed by the founder, which generally incorporates aspects of earlier, traditional rules such as those mentioned or the
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monasteries, which combined the hermit life with that of the cloister, each monk having his own hermitage, coming together only for the
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were simply "religious", a term that applied also to regulars. For women, those with simple vows were simply "sisters", with the term "
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made up of monks or nuns (some of whom may be clerics) or nuns who are bound to live and work at their monastery and celebrate the
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2965:. The Rule of St Basil, one of the earliest rules for Christian religious life, is followed primarily by monastic communities of
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as a form in which Christians profess the evangelical counsels of chastity, poverty, and obedience while living in the world.
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Some institutes combine a rule with constitutions that give more precise indications for the life of the members. Thus the
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3614:(Washington: CARA). Hostie argued that the life of a religious institute passes through successive stages: 10–20 years of
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was a double monastery, with both men and women ruled by the Abbess, a pattern found in many other monastic foundations.
2836:, and is sometimes applied only to those who devote themselves wholly to the contemplative life and belong to one of the
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made up of canons (clerics) and canonesses regular, who sing the liturgy in choir and may run parish-like apostolates
1997:
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3081:, his withdrawal into the desert apparently having been prompted by the persecution of the Christians at the time.
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and an occasional meal, and having no contact with the outside world, and the foundation a few years later of the
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with a particular institute, members wishing to be admitted permanently are required to make public and perpetual
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A member of a religious institute lives in community with other members of the institute and observes the three
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Fortin OSB, John R., "Saint Augustine's Letter 211 in The Rule of the Master and The Rule of Saint Benedict",
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3386:, a foundation that seemed destined to fail until in 1113 a band of 30 young men of the noblest families of
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decided to organize his disciples into a form of community in which they lived in individual huts or rooms (
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3638:. This class of institutes with simple vows and a strong emphasis on apostolate arose shortly before the
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is shorter than the Master's. It became by the 9th century the standard monastic rule in Western Europe.
3054:. They have left no confirmed archaeological traces and only hints in the written record. Communities of
2750:
In each instance, the term "regular" means those following a rule; either a pre-existing one such as the
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2663:, where its members are "living in the world". Religious institutes come under the jurisdiction of the
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3746:""Religious Institutes", Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life"
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distinguishes solemn from simple vows but does not divide religious into categories on that basis.
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3168:. His monastery was laid out as a colony of hermits rather than as a single integrated community.
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of Cappadocian Caesarea) and the Syriac-speaking east had their own monastic traditions (e.g. St
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Should the members want to leave the institute after perpetual vows, they would have to seek a
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70:
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made up of priests who are also vowed religious and who usually have a more active apostolate
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of chastity, poverty, and obedience, which they bind themselves to observe by public vows.
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or "community-based". Toward the end of his life Saint Pachomius was therefore not only the
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Note on the importance of the internal forum and the inviolability of the Sacramental Seal
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109:
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Giancarlo Rocca, "Il ciclo della vita: Qual è la durata di un istituto religioso?" in
3239:, outside the city. He then attracted followers with whom he founded the monastery of
2714:
of chastity, poverty, and obedience, but also to vow or promise enclosure or loyalty.
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3133:
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2710:. Several founders required members of their institute not only to profess the three
2660:
2551:
2408:
2403:
2373:
2258:
2144:
1876:
1607:
1593:
1492:
1371:
1327:
1221:
1122:
1117:
1074:
1029:
794:
690:
507:
374:
130:
86:
5177:
2851:
Historically, what are now called religious institutes were distinguished as either
9285:
9059:
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8979:
8907:
8902:
8869:
8676:
8609:
8572:
8567:
8547:
8542:
8467:
8320:
8310:
8270:
7801:
7619:
7602:
7309:
7114:
7094:
7014:
6999:
6898:
6800:
6674:
6514:
6472:
6467:
6447:
6430:
6343:
6102:
5864:
5827:
Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary
4922:
4878:
4856:
4783:
4711:
4640:
The Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
3651:
3524:
3415:
3291:
3000:
2996:
2950:
2938:
2871:
is used, while the distinction between solemn and simple vows is still maintained.
2688:
2557:
2537:
2488:
2461:
2445:
2378:
1804:
1112:
1084:
743:
736:
462:
316:
153:
102:
79:
8525:
3559:" or simply "congregation" for those with simple vows. The members of a religious
3156:, where a community gathered around his hermitage. In 372 he was called to become
1966:
909:
9520:
9403:
9260:
9225:
9031:
9026:
8951:
8946:
8887:
8812:
8562:
8492:
8024:
7965:
7515:
7367:
7334:
7278:
7272:
7129:
7034:
6938:
6750:
6244:
6209:
6096:
5664:
5365:
4995:
4851:
4715:
4411:
4382:
4290:
3989:
3627:
3610:(Paris. Desclée de Brouwer), an English translation of which appeared in 1983 as
3467:. Their lives were oriented not to the ancient monastic way of life, but more to
3407:
3276:
3157:
3145:
3129:
2743:
2644:
2587:
2564:
2542:
2435:
2425:
1938:
1933:
1620:
1376:
776:
626:
538:
294:
24:
5402:
Monastic Family of Bethlehem, of the Assumption of the Virgin and of Saint Bruno
5233:
3884:
3813:
3198:
9438:
9367:
9215:
9150:
8936:
8926:
8912:
8897:
8577:
8472:
8356:
8335:
7869:
7748:
7723:
7695:
7626:
7430:
7255:
7049:
7024:
6988:
6928:
6921:
6916:
6906:
6760:
6745:
6684:
6560:
6550:
6306:
6186:
5839:
Congregation of the Franciscan Hospitaller Sisters of the Immaculate Conception
5287:
5101:
4873:
4846:
4833:
4795:
4778:
3472:
3468:
3236:
3066:
2966:
2900:
2892:
2755:
2737:
2532:
2501:
Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
2473:
2252:
2104:
1851:
1791:
1735:
1730:
1571:
944:
939:
648:
590:
437:
386:
327:
167:
6623:
4034:
2801:
In common parlance, all members of male religious institutes are often termed
9570:
9330:
9290:
9175:
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9082:
8931:
8892:
8698:
8582:
8379:
8048:
7763:
7314:
7240:
7206:
7190:
7150:
6833:
6808:
6584:
6494:
6479:
6401:
5747:
5418:
5197:
5139:
4907:
4421:
4404:
4392:
4375:
4300:
4283:
4114:
3587:
3555:" for institutes in which the vows were solemn, and used the term "religious
3509:
3464:
3323:
3264:
3240:
3144:
The earliest forms of monasticism in Western Europe involved figures such as
2949:
Religious institutes generally follow one of the four great religious rules:
2692:
2440:
2430:
2413:
2285:
2198:
1675:
1654:
1577:
1427:
1266:
430:
160:
6030:
Sisters of Charity of Saints Bartolomea Capitanio and Vincenza Gerosa (SCCG)
4664:
2665:
Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
9305:
9240:
9170:
9160:
9087:
8987:
8956:
8732:
8681:
8449:
8391:
8288:
8059:
7976:
7932:
7927:
7917:
7728:
7655:
7424:
7299:
7155:
7119:
6858:
6780:
6624:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6348:
5753:
5670:
5481:
5441:
5317:
5311:
3631:
3619:
3575:
3419:
3299:
3171:
2970:
2383:
2292:
1902:
1665:
1627:
1565:
1301:
1201:
901:
676:
216:
4824:
4376:
Grattan-Flood, William. "St. Brigid of Ireland." The Catholic Encyclopedia
3003:
follow what is called not a rule, but the constitutions composed by Saint
9501:
9357:
9230:
9210:
9205:
9200:
9185:
8487:
8422:
8278:
8203:
8181:
8029:
7791:
7753:
7225:
7054:
7029:
7004:
6977:
6964:
6873:
6775:
6462:
6182:
5989:
5735:
5371:
5341:
5335:
5156:
4942:
4405:
Walsh, Reginald. "Abbey and Diocese of Bobbio." The Catholic Encyclopedia
3647:
3643:
3623:
3505:
3455:
3447:
3383:
3367:
3347:
3331:
3311:
3307:
3194:
3165:
3161:
2978:
2786:
2246:
1923:
1913:
1388:
971:
415:
402:
2771:
Traditionally, institutes for men are referred to as the "first orders".
9195:
9190:
9014:
8941:
8557:
8477:
8108:
7009:
6594:
5546:
5505:
5487:
5329:
5323:
4868:
3497:
3492:
3443:
3423:
3411:
3375:
3315:
3303:
3235:
was educated in Rome but soon sought the life of a hermit in a cave at
3176:
3090:
3060:
2984:
2915:
2856:
2833:
2822:
2696:
2468:
2084:
1961:
1918:
1896:
1844:
1837:
1549:
1481:
1381:
915:
393:
9300:
9295:
9265:
8961:
8724:
8708:
8693:
8537:
8427:
8305:
8295:
8163:
7942:
6162:
5435:
5149:
5134:
5127:
4937:
4888:
4012:
3615:
3122:
3094:
3041:
2974:
2888:
2884:
2810:
2731:
2021:
1881:
1393:
1195:
1010:
891:
771:
728:
570:
380:
5940:
Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God
3050:
who lived a life in isolation in imitation of Jesus' 40 days in the
9540:
9448:
9275:
8374:
7743:
7468:
6823:
6577:
6565:
6193:
5282:
5217:
5069:
5023:
5018:
5013:
4912:
3665:
3427:
3339:
3327:
3287:
3153:
3114:
2934:
2896:
2845:
2721:
2707:
2601:
1891:
1670:
896:
703:
7484:
4537:
Pope Leo XIII's Constitution "Conditae a Christo", 8 December 1900
4222:
Families in the New Testament World: Households and House Churches
3939:
1602:
Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law
9245:
8083:
7957:
7900:
7080:
6694:
6316:
5634:
5187:
4917:
4420:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
4391:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
4299:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
4061:"Ordination of St. Ignatius of Loyola - The Jesuit Constitutions"
3379:
3343:
3319:
3295:
3280:
3268:
3008:
2205:
1538:
1310:
1296:
1079:
1041:
1003:
575:
475:
237:
4573:
Quanto fructuosius (1-2-1583) and Ascendente Domino (5-24-1584).
3608:
Vie et mort des ordres religieux: Approaches psychosociologiques
2991:, which was written specifically for them in the early 1200s by
9398:
8703:
8688:
8632:
8599:
7246:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
6689:
6599:
6504:
6082:
Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary
5144:
5122:
5060:
4985:
4932:
4736:
3603:
3563:
for men were called "regulars", those belonging to a religious
3476:
3355:
3244:
3202:
3074:
3047:
2923:
1505:
4665:
Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
4385:
Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. 7 March 2023
4293:
Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 7 March 2023
3366:
A monastic revival already begun in the 10th century with the
3007:, which laid aside traditional practices such as chanting the
2944:
2809:, although in an accurate sense, a monk is one who lives in a
9496:
8664:
8628:
5091:
5056:
4902:
4675:
3351:
3149:
3118:
3110:
3098:
3078:
2818:
2699:. Thus, the nuns of some contemplative orders are subject to
2691:, it adheres to a particular way of religious living whether
3586:
had emerged alongside that of religious institutes: in 1947
8669:
8388:
5096:
5008:
4710:
4489:"Mendicant | Definition, History, Orders, & Facts"
4284:
Hassett, Maurice. "John Cassian." The Catholic Encyclopedia
3335:
2802:
1151:
3406:
The 13th century saw the founding and rapid spread of the
2781:
Some religious orders, for example the Franciscans or the
7135:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
4256:
3568:
3197:
aristocrat, who after a pilgrimage to Egypt, founded the
2832:
reserved for members of a women's religious institute of
2806:
3267:
as a major figure of the Irish church. The monastery at
3046:
From the earliest times there were probably individual
2013:
List of cardinals excommunicated by the Catholic Church
4035:"Catholic Encyclopedia Entry of "The Carmelite Order""
2003:
List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church
7166:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
4550:
Encyclopedia of Theology: A Concise Sacramentum Mundi
4115:"Canonical Content of the Proper Law of an Institute"
3487:") increased further in the upheavals brought by the
3350:
granted St. Columbanus land in the mountains between
5985:
Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary
3661:
2008:
List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church
5707:
Missionaries of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary
5354:
Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary
3183:, which provided a guide for monastic life and his
3125:but also the head of a whole group of monasteries.
2687:Since every religious institute has its own unique
6239:
5946:Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
4585:, Vol. 3, Jesús Álvarez Gómez, CMF, 1990 (Spanish)
3059:union with God, although extreme ascetism such as
3042:Roots in Egypt and Syriac- and Greek-speaking East
6092:Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
5263:
4219:Osiek, Carolyn A.; Balch, David L. (1997-01-01).
3531:
3354:and Milan, where he established the monastery of
3073:3rd century), commemorated in the writings of St
2655:A religious institute is one of the two types of
1036:Matrimonial Nullity Trial Reforms of Pope Francis
142:Matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis
9568:
7236:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
6109:Sisters of Providence of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods
5996:Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament
3967:E. Caparros, M. Thériault, J. Thorne (editors),
3862:E. Caparros, M. Thériault, J. Thorne (editors),
3085:was the first to leave the world to live in the
3011:in favour of greater adaptability and mobility.
1699:Formal act of defection from the Catholic Church
5957:Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
4414:Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907
3912:Directives on Formation in Religious Institutes
3077:, is regarded as the first Christian hermit in
2914:The traditional distinction between simple and
2874:
2840:living and working within the and reciting the
5850:Daughters of Mary of the Immaculate Conception
4318:, Archidiocese of Green Bay, January 12, 2001"
4314:"Staley, Tony. "So long ago, but not really",
3523:obtained authorization for the members of the
2212:Beatification and canonization process in 1914
7500:
6225:
5249:
4696:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3695:Vocational discernment in the Catholic Church
3646:, which is no longer the force it was in the
3298:and his followers established monasteries at
2624:
4263:. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. 33.
3201:, on an island lying off the modern city of
2907:of the Church they are consecrated to God".
2863:, whose members make simple vows. Since the
615:Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite
6072:Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary
5973:Oblate Sisters of the Virgin Mary of Fatima
5589:Franciscan Missionaries of the Eternal Word
4672:(gone) A comparison of the religious orders
4460:"Religious Orders - Historical Development"
4260:Christianity and Monasticism in Upper Egypt
4010:
3479:and in mission areas. The number of these "
3361:
3302:, on the northeastern coast of Ireland, at
2945:Religious rules, constitutions and statutes
2080:Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
9429:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
7507:
7493:
7251:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
7201:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
6232:
6218:
5677:Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus
5256:
5242:
4703:
4689:
4437:(Sheed and Ward 1935), vol. 2, pp. 206-207
4218:
3999:
3286:Irish monasticism spread widely, first to
3022:
2883:Broadly speaking, after a period spanning
2631:
2617:
2484:Canonical erection of a house of religious
2095:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
9577:Organisation of Catholic religious orders
3716:Code of Canon Law, Title II, Can. 607 §2"
3433:
3187:, a collection of spiritual reflections.
2995:and approved in slightly revised form by
2805:and those of female religious institutes
586:Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful
6146:Society of the Helpers of the Holy Souls
6134:Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
5553:Congregation of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux
4345:, vol. 14, No.2, Summer 2006, pp.225-234
4154:
3768:
3766:
1526:Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
23:. For a specific type of institute, see
6087:Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
4454:
4452:
3877:
3089:for specifically spiritual reasons; St
3063:was regarded as suspect by the Church.
622:General Instruction of the Roman Missal
9569:
7888:
6035:Sisters of Christian Doctrine of Nancy
6002:Religious of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
5952:Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart
5882:Handmaids of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
4596:"Code of Canon Law: Table of Contents"
4546:
4335:
4183:
4136:
3806:"Code of Canon Law 1917, canon 488, 7"
3612:The Life and Death of Religious Orders
2821:properly refers to a male member of a
560:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
96:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
7488:
6213:
5541:Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament
5237:
4684:
3971:(Wilson & Lafleur, Montréal 1993
3866:(Wilson & Lafleur, Montréal 1993
3800:
3798:
3763:
3680:List of Catholic religious institutes
2926:of dispensation. The benefits of the
2181:Congregation for the Causes of Saints
1476:Delegata potestas non potest delegari
1423:Association of the Christian faithful
566:Eastern Canonical Reforms of Pius XII
6077:Sisters of the Immaculate Conception
6067:Sisters of the Holy Family-Louisiana
5902:Little Sisters Disciples of the Lamb
5897:Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary
5689:Missionaries of St. Francis de Sales
5629:Marians of the Immaculate Conception
5512:Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius
5396:Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo
4670:Differences Between Religious Orders
4449:
4257:Gawdat Gabra; Hany N. Takla (2010).
3294:, and then to Gaul and Italy. Saint
2339:Journals and Professional Societies
2071:(tribunals & ministers/parties)
7514:
7105:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
5855:Daughters of the Holy Heart of Mary
3835:"Code of Canon Law, canons 607-709"
3606:Raymond Hostie published his study
3450:with simple vows. Under this rule,
3148:, who established a hermitage near
3036:
2717:Religious orders are discerned as:
16:Catholic community of vowed members
13:
6660:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
6129:The Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
5754:Rogationists of the Heart of Jesus
5451:
4343:Journal of Early Christian Studies
3795:
1163:Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures
14:
9588:
6157:Servants of the Blessed Sacrament
5833:Carmelite Sisters of Saint Teresa
4633:
4520:(Cambridge University Press 2003
4518:The Cambridge Companion to Giotto
3920:from the original on 7 March 2023
3519:A special case happened in 1540.
3322:, sponsored by the Frankish King
3175:established two monasteries near
3160:, and established a monastery at
2682:
9551:
9550:
9539:
9507:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
9055:Criticism of the Catholic Church
7467:
7455:
6786:Fourth Council of Constantinople
6741:Second Council of Constantinople
6192:
6041:Sisters of the Cross and Passion
6020:Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament
5701:Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
5583:Franciscan Friars of the Renewal
5348:Congregation of Our Lady of Sion
5216:
4823:
4415:
4386:
4294:
4058:
3664:
2600:
1560:Resignation of the Roman Pontiff
813:Approbation (Catholic canon law)
266:Collectiones canonum Dionysianae
33:
21:Religion-supporting organization
7674:First seven ecumenical councils
6756:Third Council of Constantinople
6680:First Council of Constantinople
6140:Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres
5877:Handmaids of the Heart of Jesus
5724:Oblates of St. Francis de Sales
5529:Congregatio Discipulorum Domini
5378:Institute of the Incarnate Word
4617:
4606:from the original on 2021-08-22
4588:
4576:
4567:
4553:. A&C Black. p. 1421.
4540:
4531:
4510:
4499:from the original on 2022-12-19
4481:
4470:from the original on 2022-12-06
4440:
4427:
4398:
4369:
4348:
4324:from the original on 2023-03-08
4306:
4277:
4250:
4239:
4225:. Westminster John Knox Press.
4212:
4201:from the original on 2021-08-22
4172:from the original on 2021-08-22
4125:from the original on 2022-05-17
4107:
4082:
4071:from the original on 2023-02-17
4052:
4041:from the original on 2020-04-20
4027:
3982:
3961:
3950:from the original on 2023-03-07
3891:from the original on 2019-05-26
3845:from the original on 2021-08-14
3784:from the original on 2021-08-14
3752:from the original on 2020-02-26
3724:from the original on 2023-03-07
3542:
3401:
1751:Incardination and excardination
1414:Types of membership of Opus Dei
1147:Supreme authority of the Church
767:Impediment (Catholic canon law)
273:Collectio canonum quadripartita
8249:Separation of church and state
6995:Dissolution of the monasteries
6261:History of the Catholic Church
5800:Adorers of the Blood of Christ
5777:Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer
4356:Gardner's Art Through the Ages
4191:"Code of Canon Law: canon 591"
4162:"Code of Canon Law: canon 589"
4144:"Code of Canon Law, canon 579"
3932:
3910:"Jerome Card. Hamer, Prefect.
3902:
3885:"Code of Canon Law, canon 655"
3856:
3827:
3774:"Code of Canon Law: canon 667"
3738:
3706:
3584:institutes of consecrated life
3532:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
3414:in 1210, two of the principal
3279:were attracting students from
2969:tradition. Western monastics (
2813:under a monastic rule such as
2765:
2670:
2657:institutes of consecrated life
2308:Legal practice and scholarship
2217:Election of the Roman Pontiff
2043:Lifetime of prayer and penance
999:Canonical form (Latin Church)
287:Collectio canonum Wigorniensis
280:Collectio canonum Quesnelliana
1:
6869:Fourth Council of the Lateran
6844:Second Council of the Lateran
6453:Apostles in the New Testament
5892:Holy Spirit Adoration Sisters
5500:Brothers of Our Lady of Mercy
5265:Catholic religious institutes
3700:
3551:reserved the name "religious
3243:around 520, between Rome and
3101:, sometime around 323, Saint
2507:Institute of consecrated life
483:Apostolicae Sedis moderationi
452:
356:
260:Collections of ancient canons
222:
6983:Catholic Counter-Reformation
6849:Third Council of the Lateran
6839:First Council of the Lateran
6295:Catholic ecumenical councils
6051:Sisters of the Good Shepherd
6008:Religious of the Virgin Mary
5979:Order of Our Lady of Charity
5963:Oblate Sisters of Providence
5860:Faithful Companions of Jesus
5641:Society of Mary (Marianists)
5456:Coat of arms of Vatican City
5203:List of religious institutes
4092:. 2012-04-05. Archived from
4011:Vermeerschl, Arthur (1911).
3994:Christ the Ideal of the Monk
3597:
3164:on the opposite bank of the
2875:Admission and religious vows
2344:Canon Law Society of America
2237:Reforms of Pope Benedict XVI
1972:Censure (Catholic canon law)
1800:Associations of the faithful
1785:Juridic and physical persons
1433:Quinquennial visit ad limina
789:Nullity of Sacred Ordination
7:
6114:Sisters of the Sacred Heart
5968:Oblates of Jesus the Priest
5917:Living the Gospel Community
4676:Institute on Religious Life
4547:Rahner, Karl (1975-01-01).
3969:Code of Canon Law Annotated
3864:Code of Canon Law Annotated
3657:
3396:Canons Regular of Prémontré
2930:are of a spiritual nature.
2479:Manifestation of Conscience
2314:List of legal abbreviations
1694:Person (Catholic canon law)
844:Internal and external forum
322:Lay investiture controversy
245:The Apostolic Constitutions
10:
9593:
9546:Catholic Church portal
6329:History of the Roman Curia
5912:Little Sisters of the Poor
5817:Basilian Chouerite Sisters
5771:Servants of Jesus and Mary
5718:Oblates of the Virgin Mary
5712:Oblates of Mary Immaculate
5683:Missionaries of La Salette
5653:Society of the Divine Word
5635:Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
5523:Christian Brothers (Irish)
4516:Anne Derbes, Mark Sidona,
3812:(in Latin). Archived from
3685:Religious order (Catholic)
3535:
3370:, which organized into an
3254:
3031:
2422:Modern & Contemporary
2085:Tribunal of the Roman Rota
1756:Laicization (dispensation)
1545:Obreption & subreption
1458:Canonically crowned images
1143:, and canonical structures
305:Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals
18:
9534:
9472:Aid to the Church in Need
9462:
9319:
9132:
9093:Vatican Television Center
9068:
8978:
8868:
8738:Eastern Catholic Churches
8719:
8608:
8501:
8448:
8373:
8344:
8269:
8194:
8129:
8074:
7993:
7863:
7777:
7709:
7654:
7573:
7550:
7522:
7450:
7350:
7216:
7143:
7078:
7065:European wars of religion
6962:
6897:
6799:
6721:
6612:
6535:
6395:
6384:
6376:Eastern Catholic Churches
6251:
6177:
6151:Sisters of Social Service
6062:Sisters of the Holy Cross
5812:Basilian Aleppian Sisters
5792:
5647:Society of Mary (Marists)
5463:
5449:
5271:
5211:
5170:
5032:
4994:
4951:
4887:
4832:
4821:
4815:Society of apostolic life
4722:
4583:History of Religious Life
3940:"Order of Saint Benedict"
3690:Society of apostolic life
2838:enclosed religious orders
2581:Society of apostolic life
2272:Romano Pontifici eligendo
1746:Clerics and public office
1643:Temporal goods (property)
1213:Local particular churches
1207:Eastern Catholic Churches
1098:Ratum sed non consummatum
9414:Communion and Liberation
8878:Eastern Catholic liturgy
8043:Mystici Corporis Christi
7971:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
7196:Mary of the Divine Heart
6819:Clash against the empire
6771:Second Council of Nicaea
6665:Old St. Peter's Basilica
6119:Sisters of Saint Francis
6046:Sisters of the Destitute
5928:Marianites of Holy Cross
5923:Lovers of the Holy Cross
5845:Daughters of Divine Love
5695:Missionaries of the Poor
5624:Little Brothers of Jesus
5535:Immaculate Heart of Mary
5425:Society of the Atonement
4446:Hughes 1935, pp. 258-266
3362:Developments around 1100
3208:
3136:of Nisibis and Edessa).
2828:The term nun was in the
2226:Universi Dominici gregis
1242:Apostolic administration
1092:Matrimonial dispensation
966:Fast days and abstinence
872:Sacramentum Poenitentiae
839:Seal of the Confessional
8229:Philosophy of canon law
8159:Mariology of the saints
7739:Investiture Controversy
7462:Vatican City portal
6814:Investiture Controversy
6670:First Council of Nicaea
6124:Sisters of Saint Joseph
5907:Little Sisters of Jesus
5659:Society of Saint Edmund
5390:Missionaries of Charity
4648:, Chapter VI: Religious
4627:, 12 March 2015, p. 7]
4435:A History of the Church
4358:(Cengage Learning 2009
3191:Honoratus of Marseilles
3139:
3023:Foundation and approval
2959:Rule of Saint Augustine
2891:and while in temporary
2861:religious congregations
2752:Rule of Saint Augustine
2356:Faculties of canon law
2324:Licentiate of Canon Law
2186:Maiorem hac dilectionem
2152:Appeal as from an abuse
1978:De delictis gravioribus
1247:Apostolic administrator
1055:Impediments to Marriage
922:Indulgentiarum doctrina
410:Decretals of Gregory IX
310:Donation of Constantine
175:Orientalium ecclesiarum
117:Indulgentiarum Doctrina
9482:Catholic Charities USA
9116:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
9104:Vatican Polyglot Press
8154:Mariology of the popes
7792:Protestant Reformation
7474:Catholicism portal
7285:Second Vatican Council
7171:Our Lady of La Salette
6978:Protestant Reformation
6965:Protestant Reformation
6884:Second Council of Lyon
6273:Ecclesiastical history
6199:Catholicism portal
6014:Servants of St. Joseph
5577:Discalced Augustinians
5559:Conventual Franciscans
5457:
5294:Augustinian Recollects
5223:Catholicism portal
5193:Vocational discernment
5183:Foolishness for Christ
4464:www.globalsecurity.org
4090:"C.F.R. Constitutions"
4014:"Religious Life"
3582:By then a new form of
3549:1917 Code of Canon Law
3434:16th century and later
3338:to the kingdom of the
3152:. He then moved on to
2955:Rule of Saint Benedict
2865:1983 Code of Canon Law
2830:1917 Code of Canon Law
2815:that of Saint Benedict
2774:Those of women as the
2760:Rule of Saint Benedict
2607:Catholicism portal
2572:Provida Mater Ecclesia
2279:Ingravescentem aetatem
2090:Apostolic Penitentiary
1990:Crimen sollicitationis
1872:Apostolic constitution
1822:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
1741:Obligation of celibacy
1285:Moderator of the Curia
1217:Appointment of bishops
1024:Declaration of Nullity
980:Holy day of obligation
887:Eucharistic discipline
856:Apostolic Penitentiary
831:Paenitentiale Theodori
808:Episcopal consecrators
784:Obligation of celibacy
730:Communicatio in sacris
709:Holy day of obligation
656:Scripturarum thesaurus
635:Sacrosanctum Concilium
610:General Roman Calendar
252:Canons of the Apostles
197:Precepts of the Church
189:Sacrosanctum concilium
148:Second Vatican Council
9236:Good Shepherd Sisters
9078:Holy See Press Office
8316:Doctors of the Church
8149:Immaculate Conception
8104:Anointing of the Sick
7639:History of the papacy
7181:First Vatican Council
6879:First Council of Lyon
6643:Constantine the Great
6339:Christian monasticism
6057:Sisters of Holy Cross
5760:Sacred Heart Brothers
5730:Order of Friars Minor
5618:Legionaries of Christ
5455:
4020:Catholic Encyclopedia
3536:Further information:
3446:appointed a rule for
3342:in Italy. There King
2963:Rule of Saint Francis
2855:, whose members make
2265:Aeterni Patris Filius
2101:Ministers of Justice
2053:Ecclesiastical prison
2048:Canonical admonitions
1865:Protonotary apostolic
1342:Anglicanorum Coetibus
1175:Conference of bishops
670:Quattuor abhinc annos
663:Liturgiam authenticam
368:Corpus Juris Canonici
232:Ancient Church Orders
182:Presbyterorum ordinis
124:Praedicate evangelium
9109:L'Osservatore Romano
9047:Role in civilisation
8773:Croatian and Serbian
8521:Episcopal conference
8483:St. Peter's Basilica
7841:Sexual abuse scandal
7797:Catholic Reformation
7358:Sexual abuse scandal
7267:Mit brennender Sorge
7110:Age of Enlightenment
6889:Bernard of Clairvaux
6766:Byzantine Iconoclasm
6705:Council of Chalcedon
6485:Council of Jerusalem
6354:Role in civilization
6334:Religious institutes
6266:By country or region
5571:De La Salle Brothers
5360:Discalced Carmelites
4966:Liturgy of the Hours
4842:Evangelical counsels
4625:L'Osservatore Romano
3602:In 1972, the French
3538:Orthodox brotherhood
3442:of 20 January 1521,
3438:By the constitution
3392:Bernard of Clairvaux
3306:in Scotland, and at
3128:The Greeks (e.g. St
3093:speaks of him as an
2989:Rule of Saint Albert
2842:Liturgy of the Hours
2726:Liturgy of the Hours
2712:evangelical counsels
2677:evangelical counsels
2389:Raymond of Penyafort
2148:(matrimonial causes)
2124:Defender of the Bond
1984:Complicit absolution
1944:Ecclesiastical Latin
1584:Validity and liceity
1453:Canonical coronation
1336:Personal ordinariate
1323:Military ordinariate
1169:College of Cardinals
1050:Defender of the Bond
866:Complicit absolution
750:Validity and liceity
698:Traditionis custodes
534:Papal judge-delegate
342:Plenitudo potestatis
300:Symmachian forgeries
9444:Neocatechumenal Way
9409:Charismatic Renewal
9123:Annuario Pontificio
8721:Particular churches
8397:Ecumenical councils
8169:Perpetual virginity
8004:Communitas perfecta
7948:Sermon on the Mount
7186:Papal infallibility
7176:Our Lady of Lourdes
7125:Shimabara Rebellion
6969:Counter-Reformation
5413:Servants of Charity
5306:Basilian Chouerites
4742:Religious institute
4654:Perfectae Caritatis
3990:Dom Columba Marmion
3199:Monastery of Lérins
3103:Pachomius the Great
2869:religious institute
2659:; the other is the
2649:religious institute
2513:Religious institute
2399:Johannes Teutonicus
2361:School of Canon Law
2334:Doctor of both laws
2329:Doctor of Canon Law
2166:Vos estis lux mundi
2037:ferendae sententiae
2027:Laicization (penal)
1815:Canonical documents
1771:Canonical provision
1761:Canonical faculties
1465:Computation of time
1274:In persona episcopi
1260:Aeque principaliter
1254:Diocese/Archdiocese
1230:Apostolic vicariate
1187:Particular churches
1137:Supreme authority,
1070:Impediment of crime
803:Dimissorial letters
684:Summorum Pontificum
9281:Premonstratensians
7664:Ante-Nicene period
7542:Lists of Catholics
7231:Our Lady of Fátima
7020:Ignatius of Loyola
6944:Catherine of Siena
6912:Pope Boniface VIII
6731:Benedict of Nursia
6700:Council of Ephesus
6537:Ante-Nicene period
6490:Split with Judaism
6324:Crusading movement
6025:Sisters of Charity
5606:Holy Ghost Fathers
5477:Albertine Brothers
5458:
5407:Premonstratensians
5300:Basilian Aleppians
4732:Consecrated virgin
4493:www.britannica.com
4410:2023-02-19 at the
4381:2023-03-06 at the
4289:2011-04-24 at the
4065:www.britannica.com
3944:Saint John's Abbey
3672:Catholicism portal
3592:secular institutes
3521:Ignatius of Loyola
3263:, who ranked with
3233:Benedict of Nursia
3215:Rule of the Master
3005:Ignatius of Loyola
2993:Albert of Vercelli
2232:Papal renunciation
2139:(trial procedure)
1829:Acta Sanctae Sedis
1776:Canonical election
1409:Personal prelature
1404:Pontifical council
1157:College of Bishops
861:Canon penitentiary
825:Penitential canons
642:Mysterii Paschalis
528:Contractum trinius
335:Libertas ecclesiae
110:Ex corde Ecclesiae
9564:
9563:
8974:
8973:
8367:
8190:
8189:
7882:
7859:
7858:
7851:COVID-19 pandemic
7821:French Revolution
7811:Thirty Years' War
7719:Islamic conquests
7632:Apostolic fathers
7567:
7482:
7481:
7442:COVID-19 pandemic
7420:Pope Benedict XVI
7325:Pope John Paul II
7100:Pope Benedict XIV
7086:French Revolution
7070:Thirty Years' War
7060:Robert Bellarmine
7045:John of the Cross
6949:Pope Alexander VI
6934:Council of Vienne
6864:Francis of Assisi
6854:Pope Innocent III
6723:Early Middle Ages
6717:
6716:
6713:
6712:
6655:Arian controversy
6608:
6607:
6556:Apostolic Fathers
6207:
6206:
5934:Maryknoll Sisters
5871:Filippini Sisters
5783:Xaverian Brothers
5442:Trinitarian Order
5231:
5230:
5004:Clerical clothing
4810:Secular institute
4660:Code of Canon Law
4560:978-0-86012-006-3
4526:978-0-521-77007-1
4366:), vol. 1, p. 298
4364:978-0-495-57360-9
4354:Fred S. Kleiner,
4270:978-977-416-311-1
4232:978-0-664-25546-6
3810:www.intratext.com
3640:French Revolution
3502:La Salle Brothers
3489:French Revolution
3283:and from Europe.
3261:Brigid of Kildare
2661:secular institute
2641:
2640:
2552:Secular institute
2409:Burchard of Worms
2404:Geoffrey of Trani
2319:Academic degrees
2259:Papal appointment
2192:Advocatus Diaboli
2145:Dignitas connubii
1594:Apostolic visitor
1493:Taxa Innocentiana
1372:Collegiate church
1123:Petrine privilege
1118:Pauline privilege
1105:Sanatio in radice
1075:Disparity of cult
1030:Dignitas connubii
1017:Banns of marriage
795:Apostolicae curae
691:Magnum principium
516:Code of Canon Law
508:Ecclesiae Sanctae
501:Code of Canon Law
375:Decretum Gratiani
146:Documents of the
131:Veritatis gaudium
87:Magnum principium
73:Code of Canon Law
9584:
9554:
9553:
9544:
9543:
9286:Redemptoristines
9134:Religious orders
9060:Anti-Catholicism
9010:Church buildings
8870:Catholic liturgy
8610:Consecrated life
8468:Apostolic Palace
8435:Synod of Bishops
8371:
8370:
8347:
7953:Ten Commandments
7886:
7885:
7868:
7769:Age of Discovery
7603:Great Commission
7571:
7570:
7555:
7509:
7502:
7495:
7486:
7485:
7472:
7471:
7460:
7459:
7458:
7437:Patriarch Kirill
7310:Pope John Paul I
7115:Anti-clericalism
7095:Pope Innocent XI
7015:Society of Jesus
7000:Council of Trent
6954:Age of Discovery
6899:Late Middle Ages
6801:High Middle Ages
6791:East–West Schism
6675:Pope Sylvester I
6621:
6620:
6610:
6609:
6520:General epistles
6515:Pauline epistles
6448:John the Baptist
6431:Great Commission
6393:
6392:
6344:Catholic culture
6234:
6227:
6220:
6211:
6210:
6197:
6196:
6103:Sisters of Mercy
5806:Apostolic Carmel
5258:
5251:
5244:
5235:
5234:
5221:
5220:
4879:Vow of enclosure
4827:
4712:Consecrated life
4705:
4698:
4691:
4682:
4681:
4628:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4592:
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4529:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4456:
4447:
4444:
4438:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4402:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4373:
4367:
4352:
4346:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4316:The Compass News
4310:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4254:
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4243:
4237:
4236:
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4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4059:Ryan, Edward A.
4056:
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4016:
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3757:
3742:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3710:
3674:
3669:
3668:
3652:mendicant orders
3525:Society of Jesus
3416:mendicant orders
3410:in 1216 and the
3390:arrived, led by
3292:Northern England
3277:monastic schools
3037:First millennium
2997:Pope Innocent IV
2951:Rule of St Basil
2867:, only the term
2853:religious orders
2756:Rule of St Basil
2633:
2626:
2619:
2605:
2604:
2558:Cum Sanctissimus
2538:Mendicant orders
2489:Pontifical right
2462:consecrated life
2446:Edward N. Peters
2161:Penal procedure
2033:Latae sententiae
1805:Consecrated life
1364:Team of priests
1180:Synod of Bishops
1113:Natural marriage
1085:Public propriety
744:Omnium in mentem
737:Ex opere operato
463:Council of Trent
457:
454:
361:
358:
317:Gregorian Reform
227:
224:
154:Christus Dominus
103:Ad tuendam fidem
80:Omnium in mentem
52:Canon law of the
37:
30:
29:
9592:
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9585:
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9567:
9566:
9565:
9560:
9538:
9530:
9509:
9492:Relief Services
9458:
9404:Catholic Action
9394:Military orders
9331:Confraternities
9323:of the faithful
9322:
9315:
9137:
9128:
9064:
8970:
8864:
8723:
8715:
8648:Prior, Prioress
8604:
8497:
8493:Vatican Museums
8444:
8377:
8363:
8359:
8355:
8351:
8346:
8340:
8265:
8219:Social teaching
8186:
8125:
8070:
8025:One true church
7989:
7966:Sixtine Vulgate
7962:Official Bible
7876:
7872:
7867:
7855:
7773:
7705:
7650:
7620:Petrine primacy
7563:
7559:
7554:
7546:
7518:
7516:Catholic Church
7513:
7483:
7478:
7466:
7456:
7454:
7446:
7368:World Youth Day
7346:
7335:World Youth Day
7279:Pacem in terris
7273:Pope John XXIII
7212:
7139:
7130:Edict of Nantes
7088:
7084:
7074:
7040:Teresa of Ávila
7035:Tridentine Mass
6971:
6967:
6958:
6939:Knights Templar
6893:
6795:
6751:Gregorian chant
6709:
6635:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6616:
6604:
6531:
6400:
6388:
6380:
6247:
6245:Catholic Church
6238:
6208:
6203:
6191:
6173:
6097:Sisters of Life
5788:
5742:Pauline Fathers
5665:Marist Brothers
5459:
5447:
5431:TOR Franciscans
5275:
5273:
5267:
5262:
5232:
5227:
5215:
5207:
5166:
5028:
4990:
4947:
4891:
4883:
4828:
4819:
4718:
4716:Catholic Church
4709:
4636:
4631:
4622:
4618:
4609:
4607:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4568:
4561:
4545:
4541:
4536:
4532:
4515:
4511:
4502:
4500:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4473:
4471:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4445:
4441:
4433:Philip Hughes,
4432:
4428:
4416:
4412:Wayback Machine
4403:
4399:
4387:
4383:Wayback Machine
4374:
4370:
4353:
4349:
4340:
4336:
4327:
4325:
4312:
4311:
4307:
4295:
4291:Wayback Machine
4282:
4278:
4271:
4255:
4251:
4246:1 Timothy 4:1–5
4244:
4240:
4233:
4217:
4213:
4204:
4202:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4175:
4173:
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4126:
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4099:
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4088:
4087:
4083:
4074:
4072:
4057:
4053:
4044:
4042:
4033:
4032:
4028:
4023:. Vol. 12.
4009:
4000:
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3983:
3966:
3962:
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3923:
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3725:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3670:
3663:
3660:
3600:
3545:
3540:
3534:
3491:and subsequent
3436:
3404:
3364:
3330:in what is now
3257:
3219:Regula magistri
3211:
3158:Bishop of Tours
3146:Martin of Tours
3142:
3130:Basil the Great
3044:
3039:
3034:
3025:
2947:
2877:
2823:mendicant order
2768:
2744:clerics regular
2708:communal living
2701:papal enclosure
2685:
2673:
2645:Catholic Church
2637:
2599:
2594:
2593:
2588:Decretum laudis
2565:Primo Feliciter
2543:Clerics regular
2464:
2453:
2452:
2436:Pietro Gasparri
2426:Eugenio Corecco
2309:
2301:
2300:
2066:
2058:
2057:
1998:Excommunication
1957:
1949:
1948:
1939:Parish register
1838:Censor librorum
1816:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1783:
1689:
1681:
1680:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1621:Treatise on Law
1448:
1438:
1437:
1377:Parish register
1353:Juridic persons
1235:Apostolic vicar
1171:
1144:
1140:
1130:
1129:
995:
993:Matrimonial law
985:
984:
777:Defect of birth
724:
722:Sacramental law
714:
713:
627:Code of Rubrics
604:
596:
595:
554:
544:
543:
539:Right of option
494:(1918-present)
469:Benedictus Deus
455:
359:
295:Gelasian Decree
225:
212:
202:
201:
66:
54:Catholic Church
53:
28:
25:Religious order
17:
12:
11:
5:
9590:
9580:
9579:
9562:
9561:
9559:
9558:
9548:
9535:
9532:
9531:
9529:
9528:
9523:
9518:
9513:
9510:
9504:
9499:
9494:
9489:
9484:
9479:
9474:
9468:
9466:
9460:
9459:
9457:
9456:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9439:Legion of Mary
9436:
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9390:
9389:
9388:
9387:
9377:
9376:
9375:
9368:Lay Carmelites
9365:
9355:
9354:
9353:
9348:
9343:
9338:
9327:
9325:
9317:
9316:
9314:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9216:Conceptionists
9213:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9158:
9153:
9151:Assumptionists
9147:
9145:
9130:
9129:
9127:
9126:
9119:
9112:
9105:
9102:
9101:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9080:
9074:
9072:
9066:
9065:
9063:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9019:
9018:
9017:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8996:
8995:
8984:
8982:
8976:
8975:
8972:
8971:
8969:
8968:
8967:
8966:
8965:
8964:
8959:
8954:
8949:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8919:
8918:
8917:
8916:
8915:
8905:
8900:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8874:
8872:
8866:
8865:
8863:
8862:
8861:
8860:
8855:
8853:Syro-Malankara
8850:
8845:
8840:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8810:
8805:
8803:Italo-Albanian
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8760:
8755:
8750:
8745:
8735:
8729:
8727:
8717:
8716:
8714:
8713:
8712:
8711:
8706:
8701:
8691:
8686:
8685:
8684:
8674:
8673:
8672:
8667:
8657:
8652:
8651:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8621:
8614:
8612:
8606:
8605:
8603:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8586:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8530:
8529:
8528:
8523:
8512:
8510:
8499:
8498:
8496:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8473:Lateran Treaty
8470:
8465:
8460:
8454:
8452:
8446:
8445:
8443:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8431:
8430:
8420:
8419:
8418:
8413:
8399:
8394:
8385:
8383:
8368:
8342:
8341:
8339:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8292:
8291:
8286:
8275:
8273:
8267:
8266:
8264:
8263:
8262:
8261:
8256:
8246:
8245:
8244:
8234:
8231:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8209:Moral theology
8206:
8200:
8198:
8192:
8191:
8188:
8187:
8185:
8184:
8179:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8135:
8133:
8127:
8126:
8124:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8112:
8111:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8080:
8078:
8072:
8071:
8069:
8068:
8063:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8039:
8034:
8033:
8032:
8027:
8017:
8012:
8007:
7999:
7997:
7991:
7990:
7988:
7987:
7982:
7981:
7980:
7973:
7968:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7909:
7908:
7903:
7892:
7890:
7883:
7861:
7860:
7857:
7856:
7854:
7853:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7807:
7806:
7805:
7804:
7794:
7783:
7781:
7775:
7774:
7772:
7771:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7724:Pope Gregory I
7721:
7715:
7713:
7707:
7706:
7704:
7703:
7698:
7696:Biblical canon
7693:
7691:Late antiquity
7688:
7687:
7686:
7681:
7671:
7666:
7660:
7658:
7652:
7651:
7649:
7648:
7647:
7646:
7636:
7635:
7634:
7627:Church fathers
7624:
7623:
7622:
7617:
7607:
7606:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7579:
7577:
7568:
7561:Ecclesiastical
7548:
7547:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7523:
7520:
7519:
7512:
7511:
7504:
7497:
7489:
7480:
7479:
7477:
7476:
7464:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7416:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7365:
7360:
7354:
7352:
7348:
7347:
7345:
7344:
7343:
7342:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7275:
7270:
7263:
7258:
7256:Lateran Treaty
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7222:
7220:
7214:
7213:
7211:
7210:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7147:
7145:
7141:
7140:
7138:
7137:
7132:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7097:
7091:
7089:
7081:Baroque period
7079:
7076:
7075:
7073:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7050:Peter Canisius
7047:
7042:
7037:
7032:
7027:
7025:Francis Xavier
7022:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6989:Exsurge Domine
6985:
6980:
6974:
6972:
6963:
6960:
6959:
6957:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6929:Pope Clement V
6926:
6925:
6924:
6922:Avignon Papacy
6917:Western Schism
6914:
6909:
6907:Thomas Aquinas
6903:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6805:
6803:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6761:Saint Boniface
6758:
6753:
6748:
6746:Pope Gregory I
6743:
6738:
6733:
6727:
6725:
6719:
6718:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6685:Biblical canon
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6639:
6637:
6618:
6614:Late antiquity
6606:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6581:
6580:
6575:
6574:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6561:Pope Clement I
6551:Church Fathers
6548:
6542:
6540:
6533:
6532:
6530:
6529:
6528:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6434:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6407:
6405:
6390:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6312:Biblical canon
6307:Catholic Bible
6304:
6303:
6302:
6292:
6291:
6290:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6269:
6268:
6257:
6255:
6249:
6248:
6237:
6236:
6229:
6222:
6214:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6201:
6189:
6187:Catholic laity
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6171:
6166:
6160:
6154:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6100:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6011:
6005:
5999:
5993:
5987:
5982:
5976:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5954:
5949:
5943:
5937:
5931:
5925:
5920:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5887:Hijas de Jesús
5884:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5836:
5830:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5803:
5796:
5794:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5780:
5774:
5768:
5762:
5757:
5751:
5745:
5739:
5733:
5727:
5721:
5715:
5709:
5704:
5698:
5692:
5686:
5680:
5674:
5668:
5662:
5656:
5650:
5644:
5638:
5632:
5626:
5621:
5615:
5609:
5603:
5597:
5592:
5586:
5580:
5574:
5568:
5562:
5556:
5550:
5544:
5538:
5532:
5526:
5520:
5514:
5509:
5503:
5497:
5491:
5485:
5479:
5474:
5471:Adorno Fathers
5467:
5465:
5461:
5460:
5450:
5448:
5446:
5445:
5439:
5433:
5428:
5422:
5416:
5410:
5404:
5399:
5393:
5387:
5381:
5375:
5369:
5363:
5357:
5351:
5345:
5339:
5333:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5309:
5303:
5297:
5291:
5288:Assumptionists
5285:
5279:
5277:
5269:
5268:
5261:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5238:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5174:
5172:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5105:
5104:
5094:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5063:
5054:
5049:
5038:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5000:
4998:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4957:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4899:
4897:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4874:Vow of silence
4871:
4866:
4861:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4838:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4796:Cleric regular
4793:
4792:
4791:
4781:
4779:Canons regular
4776:
4775:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4739:
4734:
4728:
4726:
4720:
4719:
4708:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4673:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4650:
4642:
4635:
4634:External links
4632:
4630:
4629:
4616:
4600:www.vatican.va
4587:
4575:
4566:
4559:
4539:
4530:
4509:
4480:
4448:
4439:
4426:
4397:
4368:
4347:
4334:
4305:
4276:
4269:
4249:
4238:
4231:
4211:
4195:www.vatican.va
4182:
4166:www.vatican.va
4153:
4148:www.vatican.va
4135:
4106:
4081:
4051:
4026:
3998:
3981:
3960:
3931:
3901:
3876:
3855:
3839:www.vatican.va
3826:
3794:
3778:www.vatican.va
3762:
3737:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3659:
3656:
3599:
3596:
3544:
3541:
3533:
3530:
3473:evangelization
3469:social service
3435:
3432:
3403:
3400:
3368:Cluniac reform
3363:
3360:
3256:
3253:
3213:The anonymous
3210:
3207:
3193:was a wealthy
3141:
3138:
3067:Paul of Thebes
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3024:
3021:
2946:
2943:
2895:to test their
2876:
2873:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2779:
2772:
2767:
2764:
2748:
2747:
2741:
2738:canons regular
2735:
2729:
2684:
2683:Classification
2681:
2672:
2669:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2533:Canons regular
2530:
2520:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2494:Diocesan right
2491:
2481:
2476:
2474:Exclaustration
2471:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2364:
2363:
2354:
2353:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2256:
2253:Jus exclusivae
2249:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2183:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2105:Judicial Vicar
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2067:
2065:Procedural law
2064:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2005:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1986:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1852:Imprimi potest
1848:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1796:
1795:
1792:Jus patronatus
1781:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1736:Regular clergy
1733:
1731:Secular clergy
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1690:
1688:Law of persons
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1581:
1574:
1569:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1521:Interpretation
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1484:
1479:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1449:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1382:Lay trusteeism
1379:
1374:
1369:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1316:Eparchal curia
1308:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1280:Diocesan Curia
1277:
1270:
1263:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1227:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1033:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1007:
996:
991:
990:
987:
986:
983:
982:
977:
976:
975:
963:
954:
953:
947:
945:Minor basilica
942:
940:Major basilica
937:
930:Sacred places
928:
927:
926:
925:
907:
906:
905:
904:
899:
894:
889:
879:
878:
877:
876:
875:
863:
858:
853:
852:
851:
841:
836:
835:
834:
817:
816:
815:
810:
805:
800:
799:
798:
786:
781:
780:
779:
774:
753:
752:
747:
740:
733:
725:
720:
719:
716:
715:
712:
711:
706:
701:
694:
687:
680:
673:
666:
659:
652:
649:Musicam sacram
645:
638:
631:
630:
629:
619:
618:
617:
605:
603:Liturgical law
602:
601:
598:
597:
594:
593:
591:Protosyncellus
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
555:
550:
549:
546:
545:
542:
541:
536:
531:
520:
519:
511:
504:
487:
486:
479:
472:
465:
448:Jus novissimum
444:
443:
442:
441:
438:Liber Septimus
434:
427:
420:
419:
418:
406:
399:
398:
397:
390:
387:Canon Episcopi
383:
348:
347:
346:
345:
338:
331:
328:Dictatus papae
324:
314:
313:
312:
302:
297:
292:
291:
290:
283:
276:
269:
257:
256:
255:
248:
241:
213:
208:
207:
204:
203:
200:
199:
194:
193:
192:
185:
178:
171:
168:Optatam totius
164:
157:
144:
139:
134:
127:
120:
113:
106:
99:
92:
91:
90:
83:
67:
61:
60:
57:
56:
48:
47:
39:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9589:
9578:
9575:
9574:
9572:
9557:
9549:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9536:
9533:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9511:
9508:
9505:
9503:
9500:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9487:Home Missions
9485:
9483:
9480:
9478:
9475:
9473:
9470:
9469:
9467:
9465:
9461:
9455:
9452:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9386:
9383:
9382:
9381:
9380:Saint Francis
9378:
9374:
9371:
9370:
9369:
9366:
9364:
9363:Saint Dominic
9361:
9360:
9359:
9356:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9333:
9332:
9329:
9328:
9326:
9324:
9318:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9192:
9189:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9176:Bethlehemites
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9162:
9159:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9144:
9140:
9135:
9131:
9125:
9124:
9120:
9118:
9117:
9113:
9111:
9110:
9106:
9103:
9099:
9098:Vatican Radio
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9085:
9084:
9083:Vatican Media
9081:
9079:
9076:
9075:
9073:
9071:
9067:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9016:
9013:
9012:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8994:
8991:
8990:
8989:
8986:
8985:
8983:
8981:
8977:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8953:
8950:
8948:
8945:
8944:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8924:
8923:
8920:
8914:
8911:
8910:
8909:
8906:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8894:
8891:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8880:
8879:
8876:
8875:
8873:
8871:
8867:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8740:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8730:
8728:
8726:
8722:
8718:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8696:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8683:
8680:
8679:
8678:
8675:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8662:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8630:
8627:
8626:
8625:
8622:
8619:
8616:
8615:
8613:
8611:
8607:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8535:
8534:
8531:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8518:
8517:
8514:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8504:
8500:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8455:
8453:
8451:
8447:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8429:
8426:
8425:
8424:
8421:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8408:
8407:
8403:
8400:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8380:List of popes
8376:
8372:
8369:
8366:
8362:
8358:
8354:
8350:
8343:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8281:
8280:
8277:
8276:
8274:
8272:
8268:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8251:
8250:
8247:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8238:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8225:
8222:
8220:
8217:
8215:
8212:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8201:
8199:
8197:
8193:
8183:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8164:Mother of God
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8136:
8134:
8132:
8128:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8110:
8107:
8106:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8081:
8079:
8077:
8073:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8061:
8057:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8049:People of God
8047:
8045:
8044:
8040:
8038:
8037:Infallibility
8035:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8005:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7996:
7992:
7986:
7983:
7979:
7978:
7974:
7972:
7969:
7967:
7964:
7963:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7913:Body and soul
7911:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7898:
7897:
7894:
7893:
7891:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7880:
7875:
7871:
7866:
7862:
7852:
7849:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7816:Enlightenment
7814:
7812:
7809:
7803:
7800:
7799:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7789:
7788:
7787:Protestantism
7785:
7784:
7782:
7780:
7776:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7764:Scholasticism
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7749:Schism (1378)
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7734:Schism (1054)
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7716:
7714:
7712:
7708:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7676:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7661:
7659:
7657:
7653:
7645:
7642:
7641:
7640:
7637:
7633:
7630:
7629:
7628:
7625:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7613:
7612:
7611:
7608:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7585:
7584:
7581:
7580:
7578:
7576:
7572:
7569:
7566:
7562:
7558:
7553:
7549:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7521:
7517:
7510:
7505:
7503:
7498:
7496:
7491:
7490:
7487:
7475:
7470:
7465:
7463:
7453:
7452:
7449:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7432:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7349:
7341:
7338:
7337:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7315:Mother Teresa
7313:
7311:
7308:
7305:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7280:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7268:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7241:Pope Pius XII
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7223:
7221:
7219:
7215:
7209:
7208:
7207:Rerum novarum
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7191:Pope Leo XIII
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7161:United States
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7151:Pope Pius VII
7149:
7148:
7146:
7142:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6990:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6966:
6961:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6923:
6920:
6919:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6904:
6902:
6900:
6896:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6834:Scholasticism
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6809:Pope Urban II
6807:
6806:
6804:
6802:
6798:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6728:
6726:
6724:
6720:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6644:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6634:
6626:
6622:
6619:
6615:
6611:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6585:Justin Martyr
6583:
6579:
6576:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6534:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6497:
6496:
6495:New Testament
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6458:Commissioning
6456:
6455:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6413:
6412:
6409:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6402:Apostolic Age
6398:
6394:
6391:
6387:
6383:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6346:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6309:
6308:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6297:
6296:
6293:
6289:
6288:Papal primacy
6286:
6285:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6254:
6250:
6246:
6242:
6235:
6230:
6228:
6223:
6221:
6216:
6215:
6212:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6179:
6176:
6170:
6169:White Sisters
6167:
6164:
6161:
6158:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6141:
6138:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6104:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6015:
6012:
6009:
6006:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5994:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5872:
5869:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5840:
5837:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5801:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5791:
5784:
5781:
5778:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5749:
5748:Redemptorists
5746:
5743:
5740:
5737:
5734:
5731:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5702:
5699:
5696:
5693:
5690:
5687:
5684:
5681:
5678:
5675:
5672:
5669:
5666:
5663:
5660:
5657:
5654:
5651:
5648:
5645:
5642:
5639:
5636:
5633:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5590:
5587:
5584:
5581:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5563:
5560:
5557:
5554:
5551:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5539:
5536:
5533:
5530:
5527:
5524:
5521:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5498:
5495:
5492:
5489:
5486:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5472:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5462:
5454:
5443:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5419:Servite Order
5417:
5414:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5391:
5388:
5385:
5382:
5379:
5376:
5373:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5270:
5266:
5259:
5254:
5252:
5247:
5245:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5213:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5198:Monastic cell
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5169:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5136:
5133:
5129:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5121:
5117:
5114:
5113:
5112:
5109:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4993:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4961:Contemplation
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4908:Chapter house
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4826:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4804:
4803:Congregations
4801:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4789:Second orders
4787:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4772:Idiorrhythmic
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4706:
4701:
4699:
4694:
4692:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4651:
4649:
4647:
4646:Lumen gentium
4643:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4626:
4620:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4591:
4584:
4579:
4570:
4562:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4543:
4534:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4513:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4484:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4443:
4436:
4430:
4423:
4422:public domain
4413:
4409:
4406:
4401:
4394:
4393:public domain
4384:
4380:
4377:
4372:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4344:
4338:
4323:
4319:
4317:
4309:
4302:
4301:public domain
4292:
4288:
4285:
4280:
4272:
4266:
4262:
4261:
4253:
4247:
4242:
4234:
4228:
4224:
4223:
4215:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4124:
4120:
4119:www.jgray.org
4116:
4110:
4096:on 2012-04-05
4095:
4091:
4085:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4055:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4022:
4021:
4015:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3995:
3991:
3985:
3978:
3977:2-89127-232-3
3974:
3970:
3964:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3935:
3919:
3915:
3913:
3905:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3873:
3872:2-891272-32-3
3869:
3865:
3859:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3816:on 2019-05-15
3815:
3811:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3709:
3705:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3662:
3655:
3654:eclipsed it.
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3636:congregations
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3588:Pope Pius XII
3585:
3580:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3539:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3510:Redemptorists
3507:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3481:congregations
3478:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3465:Pope Leo XIII
3462:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3346:and his wife
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3324:Childebert II
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3265:Saint Patrick
3262:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3241:Monte Cassino
3238:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3083:Saint Anthony
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3029:
3020:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2920:
2917:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2881:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2776:second orders
2773:
2770:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2693:contemplative
2690:
2680:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2634:
2629:
2627:
2622:
2620:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2597:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:Ladislas Orsy
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:John D. Faris
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2286:Ubi periculum
2283:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2199:Oblatio vitae
2196:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:Pars dynamica
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1967:Canon 1397 §2
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:Canonical age
1704:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1677:
1676:Temporalities
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1655:Cathedraticum
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1578:Vacatio legis
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:Jurisprudence
1442:
1441:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1428:Vicar general
1426:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1267:Cathedraticum
1264:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1152:Roman Pontiff
1150:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1134:
1133:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1065:Clandestinity
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
994:
989:
988:
981:
978:
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
957:
956:Sacred times
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
931:
924:
923:
919:
918:
917:
914:
913:
912:
911:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
884:
883:
880:
874:
873:
869:
868:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
850:
847:
846:
845:
842:
840:
837:
833:
832:
828:
827:
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606:Latin Church
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431:Extravagantes
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65:(current law)
64:
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36:
32:
31:
26:
22:
9526:Universities
9358:Third orders
9321:Associations
9311:Visitandines
9306:Trinitarians
9256:Mercedarians
9241:Hieronymites
9186:Camaldoleses
9171:Benedictines
9161:Augustinians
9138:
9121:
9114:
9107:
9088:Vatican News
9042:Distinctions
8848:Syro-Malabar
8733:Latin Church
8655:Grand master
8553:Metropolitan
8450:Vatican City
8345:Organisation
8224:Philosophers
8089:Confirmation
8066:In canon law
8060:Subsistit in
8058:
8054:Three states
8041:
8002:
7995:Ecclesiology
7977:Nova Vulgata
7975:
7933:Original sin
7928:Nicene Creed
7918:Divine grace
7877:
7759:Universities
7729:Papal States
7656:Great Church
7598:Resurrection
7575:Early Church
7429:
7425:Pope Francis
7351:21st century
7300:Pope Paul VI
7277:
7265:
7218:20th century
7205:
7156:Pope Pius IX
7144:19th century
7120:Pope Pius VI
6987:
6859:Latin Empire
6829:Universities
6781:Pope Leo III
6648:Christianity
6633:state church
6625:Great Church
6426:Resurrection
6389:(30–325/476)
6386:Early Church
6371:Latin Church
6366:Papal States
6361:Vatican City
6333:
6183:Third orders
5671:Mechitarists
5482:Augustinians
5384:Mercedarians
5318:Bridgettines
5312:Benedictines
5264:
5077:Grand master
4741:
4653:
4645:
4624:
4619:
4608:. Retrieved
4599:
4590:
4582:
4578:
4569:
4549:
4542:
4533:
4517:
4512:
4501:. Retrieved
4492:
4483:
4472:. Retrieved
4463:
4442:
4434:
4429:
4400:
4371:
4355:
4350:
4342:
4337:
4326:. Retrieved
4315:
4308:
4279:
4259:
4252:
4241:
4221:
4214:
4203:. Retrieved
4194:
4185:
4174:. Retrieved
4165:
4156:
4147:
4138:
4127:. Retrieved
4118:
4109:
4098:. Retrieved
4094:the original
4084:
4073:. Retrieved
4064:
4054:
4043:. Retrieved
4029:
4018:
3993:
3984:
3968:
3963:
3952:. Retrieved
3943:
3934:
3922:. Retrieved
3911:
3904:
3893:. Retrieved
3879:
3863:
3858:
3847:. Retrieved
3838:
3829:
3818:. Retrieved
3814:the original
3809:
3786:. Retrieved
3777:
3754:. Retrieved
3740:
3734:
3726:. Retrieved
3719:
3715:
3708:
3632:Augustinians
3620:Benedictines
3611:
3607:
3601:
3581:
3576:Latin Church
3573:
3565:congregation
3564:
3560:
3557:congregation
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:20th century
3518:
3440:Inter cetera
3439:
3437:
3420:Augustinians
3405:
3402:13th century
3365:
3285:
3273:
3258:
3231:
3226:
3218:
3212:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3172:John Cassian
3170:
3143:
3127:
3106:
3070:
3065:
3045:
3026:
3013:
2983:
2971:Benedictines
2948:
2932:
2924:papal indult
2921:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2882:
2878:
2868:
2850:
2827:
2800:
2787:Third orders
2749:
2716:
2705:
2686:
2674:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2586:
2579:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2518:Congregation
2512:
2505:
2384:Jean Lemoine
2365:
2355:
2348:
2338:
2318:
2293:Quia propter
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2251:
2224:
2221:Current law
2216:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2175:Canonization
2173:
2164:
2143:
2136:
2135:
2069:Pars statica
2068:
2036:
2032:
1988:
1976:
1929:Positive law
1903:Motu proprio
1901:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1827:
1820:
1797:
1790:
1782:
1765:
1725:
1711:Emancipation
1666:Mass stipend
1661:Contract law
1653:
1628:Determinatio
1626:
1619:
1613:Ecclesiology
1600:
1576:
1566:Sede vacante
1564:
1555:Promulgation
1537:
1533:Jurisdiction
1491:
1487:Dispensation
1474:
1399:Congregation
1365:
1351:
1340:
1329:
1302:Vicar forane
1272:
1265:
1258:
1223:
1202:Latin Church
1194:
1185:
1184:
1162:
1161:
1146:
1103:
1096:
1040:
1028:
1009:
1002:
970:
955:
929:
920:
910:Sacramentals
908:
902:Mass stipend
870:
829:
793:
754:
742:
735:
729:
696:
689:
682:
677:Ecclesia Dei
675:
668:
661:
654:
647:
640:
633:
558:
526:
521:
515:
506:
500:
490:
489:
488:
481:
474:
468:
447:
446:
445:
436:
429:
424:Regulæ Juris
422:
408:
401:
392:
385:
373:
366:
351:
350:
349:
340:
333:
326:
285:
278:
271:
264:
250:
243:
236:
217:Jus antiquum
215:
214:
187:
180:
173:
166:
159:
152:
129:
122:
115:
108:
101:
94:
85:
78:
72:
62:
9516:Health care
9502:Pax Christi
9454:Schoenstatt
9419:Sant'Egidio
9251:Legionaries
9231:Franciscans
9206:Cistercians
9201:Carthusians
9156:Annonciades
9015:Altarpieces
8908:West Syriac
8903:East Syriac
8883:Alexandrian
8507:Holy orders
8488:Swiss Guard
8428:Dicasteries
8423:Roman Curia
8321:Evangelists
8279:Holy Family
8214:Personalism
8204:Natural law
8182:Josephology
8116:Holy orders
7754:Inquisition
7711:Middle Ages
7701:Monasticism
7669:Constantine
7593:Crucifixion
7431:Laudato si'
7226:Pope Pius X
7055:Philip Neri
7030:Pope Pius V
7005:Thomas More
6874:Inquisition
6776:Charlemagne
6736:Monasticism
6546:Persecution
6438:Holy Spirit
6421:Crucifixion
6300:First seven
5990:Poor Clares
5736:Passionists
5595:Gabrielites
5372:Franciscans
5342:Cistercians
5336:Carthusians
5157:Lay brother
4943:Scriptorium
3650:before the
3648:Middle Ages
3644:monasticism
3624:Franciscans
3590:recognized
3514:Vincentians
3506:Passionists
3456:Pope Pius V
3412:Franciscans
3384:Cistercians
3348:Theodolinda
3332:Switzerland
3312:Northumbria
3308:Lindisfarne
3195:Gallo-Roman
3185:Conferences
3166:Loire River
3162:Marmoutiers
3097:. In upper
2987:follow the
2979:Cistercians
2916:solemn vows
2857:solemn vows
2834:solemn vows
2817:. The term
2766:Terminology
2671:Description
2528:Monasticism
2247:Cum proxime
2243:Historical
2157:Presumption
1924:Penitential
1914:Papal brief
1389:Roman Curia
972:Paenitemini
762:Holy Orders
552:Eastern law
491:Jus codicis
456: 1563
416:Decretalist
403:Jus commune
360: 1140
9271:Oratorians
9226:Dominicans
9196:Carmelites
9191:Camillians
9139:institutes
8952:Tridentine
8888:Antiochian
8808:Macedonian
8753:Belarusian
8643:Provincial
8558:Archbishop
8478:Roman Rota
8440:Properties
8365:By country
8361:Precedence
8326:Confessors
8306:Archangels
8296:Patriarchs
8196:Philosophy
8174:Veneration
8139:Assumption
8109:Last rites
8076:Sacraments
8020:Four marks
7831:Vatican II
7779:Modern era
7615:Succession
7304:coronation
7010:Pope Leo X
6595:Tertullian
6525:Revelation
6500:Background
6181:See also:
5822:Brigidines
5612:Josephites
5600:Holy Cross
5561:(OFM Conv)
5547:Claretians
5506:Camillians
5488:Barnabites
5366:Dominicans
5330:Carmelites
5324:Canossians
5178:Asceticism
5052:Provincial
4976:Meditation
4869:Solemn vow
4864:Profession
4784:Mendicants
4610:2023-02-17
4503:2023-02-17
4474:2023-02-17
4328:2023-03-08
4205:2023-02-17
4176:2023-02-17
4129:2023-02-17
4100:2023-02-17
4075:2023-02-17
4045:2023-02-20
3954:2023-03-07
3895:2011-10-12
3849:2023-02-17
3820:2023-02-17
3788:2023-02-17
3756:2020-03-15
3728:2023-03-07
3701:References
3628:Dominicans
3498:Claretians
3493:Napoleonic
3475:, both in
3448:tertiaries
3444:Pope Leo X
3424:Carmelites
3408:Dominicans
3376:Carthusian
3316:Columbanus
3227:Letter 211
3181:Institutes
3177:Marseilles
3091:Athanasius
2985:Carmelites
2961:, and the
2928:profession
2885:postulancy
2783:Dominicans
2469:Solemn vow
2379:Hostiensis
2366:Canonists
2350:The Jurist
2129:Procurator
2109:Officialis
1962:Canon 1324
1919:Papal bull
1897:Encyclical
1845:Imprimatur
1589:Visitation
1550:Obrogation
1511:Impediment
1482:Derogation
1366:in solidum
1139:particular
961:Feast days
916:Indulgence
820:Confession
756:Sacraments
394:Margaritae
63:Ius vigens
9512:See also:
9464:Charities
9373:Discalced
9301:Trappists
9296:Theatines
9266:Olivetans
9211:Clarisses
9181:Blue nuns
9166:Basilians
9143:societies
9051:See also:
8937:Mozarabic
8927:Ambrosian
8913:Malankara
8898:Byzantine
8858:Ukrainian
8833:Ruthenian
8798:Hungarian
8783:Ethiopian
8758:Bulgarian
8725:sui iuris
8709:Postulant
8618:Religious
8573:Auxiliary
8568:Coadjutor
8538:Patriarch
8406:Cardinals
8353:Canon law
8349:Hierarchy
8331:Disciples
8254:Relations
8242:Evolution
8233:See also:
8178:See also:
8131:Mariology
8121:Matrimony
8094:Eucharist
8015:Ecumenism
7943:Salvation
7879:Catechism
7874:Tradition
7836:Communism
7684:Chalcedon
7320:Communism
7290:Ecumenism
6636:(380–451)
6628:(180–451)
6617:(313–476)
6539:(100–325)
6163:Ursulines
5865:Felicians
5765:Salesians
5519:(OFM Cap)
5517:Capuchins
5494:Basilians
5436:Trappists
5150:Postulant
5128:Anchorite
4981:Mysticism
4938:Refectory
4928:Hermitage
4889:Monastery
4857:Obedience
4757:Cenobitic
4528:), p. 105
3996:, ch. VI.
3979:), p. 745
3874:), p. 745
3616:gestation
3598:Life-span
3461:religious
3452:enclosure
3223:Augustine
3123:monastery
3115:cenobitic
3095:anchorite
3061:encratism
2975:Trappists
2967:Byzantine
2889:novitiate
2846:community
2811:monastery
2732:mendicant
2728:in common
2697:apostolic
2370:Medieval
2075:Tribunals
2022:Interdict
1956:Penal law
1909:Ordinance
1882:Concordat
1716:Exemption
1671:Stole fee
1394:Dicastery
1330:sui juris
1196:sui juris
1193:Churches
1011:Ne Temere
892:Canon 915
882:Eucharist
772:Abstemius
581:Exarchate
571:Nomocanon
381:Decretist
352:Jus novum
226: 33
9571:Category
9556:Category
9449:Opus Dei
9434:Scouting
9424:Focolare
9291:Servites
9276:Piarists
9221:Crosiers
8957:Anglican
8893:Armenian
8823:Romanian
8813:Maronite
8788:Georgian
8778:Eritrean
8763:Chaldean
8748:Armenian
8743:Albanian
8624:Superior
8583:Emeritus
8563:Diocesan
8416:Advisers
8375:Holy See
8301:Prophets
8259:Politics
8030:Catholic
8010:Councils
7865:Theology
7744:Crusades
7679:Nicaea I
7610:Apostles
7588:Ministry
7557:Timeline
7537:Glossary
7330:HIV/AIDS
6824:Crusades
6578:Irenaeus
6571:Ignatius
6566:Polycarp
6416:Ministry
6404:(30–100)
6278:Timeline
5565:Crosiers
5409:(OPraem)
5386:(O de M)
5283:Alexians
5102:Basilian
5070:Prioress
5042:Superior
5024:Vestment
5019:Scapular
5014:Cornette
4913:Cloister
4852:Chastity
4767:Enclosed
4752:Monastic
4604:Archived
4497:Archived
4468:Archived
4408:Archived
4379:Archived
4322:Archived
4287:Archived
4199:Archived
4170:Archived
4123:Archived
4069:Archived
4039:Archived
3948:Archived
3918:Archived
3889:Archived
3843:Archived
3782:Archived
3750:Archived
3722:Archived
3658:See also
3483:" (not "
3428:Servites
3388:Burgundy
3340:Lombards
3328:Alemanni
3314:. Saint
3288:Scotland
3154:Poitiers
3016:Capuchin
2935:horarium
2897:vocation
2722:monastic
2120:Parties
1934:Rescript
1892:Decretal
1726:Clerics
1649:Benefice
1608:Theology
1516:Donation
1328:Mission
1292:Chancery
1141:churches
1060:Affinity
952:(chapel)
897:Celebret
704:Red Mass
44:a series
42:Part of
9521:Schools
9477:Caritas
9385:Secular
9351:Workers
9246:Jesuits
9032:Museums
9027:Library
9005:Writers
9000:Artists
8980:Culture
8947:Paul VI
8828:Russian
8818:Melkite
8660:Brother
8638:General
8578:Titular
8548:Primate
8526:Eparchy
8516:Diocese
8463:Outline
8402:College
8392:Francis
8336:Virgins
8311:Martyrs
8237:Science
8144:History
8099:Penance
8084:Baptism
7985:Worship
7958:Vulgate
7906:Kingdom
7901:Trinity
7889:General
7644:Primacy
7552:History
7532:Outline
7295:Judaism
6695:Vulgate
6505:Gospels
6480:Stephen
6397:Origins
6317:Vulgate
6253:General
6243:of the
6241:History
5744:(OSPPE)
5344:(OCist)
5338:(OCart)
5332:(OCarm)
5188:Tonsure
5087:Brother
5047:General
5034:Members
4918:Convent
4847:Poverty
4762:Chapter
4714:in the
3924:7 March
3471:and to
3380:liturgy
3344:Agilulf
3320:Luxeuil
3296:Columba
3281:England
3269:Kildare
3255:Ireland
3237:Subiaco
3107:cellula
3056:virgins
3048:hermits
3032:History
3009:liturgy
3001:Jesuits
2939:charism
2785:, have
2754:or the
2689:charism
2643:In the
2460:Law of
2414:Brocard
2394:Rufinus
2374:Gratian
2206:Positio
2114:Auditor
1766:Office
1539:Peritus
1501:Faculty
1311:Eparchy
1297:Deanery
1224:nullius
1222:Abbacy
1080:Ligamen
1042:Vetitum
1004:Tametsi
950:Oratory
576:Eparchy
476:Tametsi
458:-1918)
362:-1563)
238:Didache
228:-1140)
9399:Fimcap
9341:Marian
9261:Minims
8993:Marian
8843:Syriac
8838:Slovak
8768:Coptic
8704:Oblate
8699:Master
8694:Novice
8689:Hermit
8677:Sister
8633:Abbess
8600:Deacon
8595:Priest
8590:Parish
8533:Bishop
8503:Polity
8289:Joseph
8271:Saints
7938:Saints
7826:Nazism
7261:Nazism
7083:to the
6690:Jerome
6600:Origen
6283:Papacy
6004:(RSCJ)
5981:(ODNC)
5975:(OMVF)
5942:(SMIC)
5867:(CSSF)
5841:(FHIC)
5835:(CSST)
5829:(CSIC)
5793:Female
5779:(FSSR)
5750:(CSsR)
5726:(OSFS)
5691:(MSFS)
5679:(MCCI)
5608:(CSSp)
5591:(MFVA)
5537:(CICM)
5444:(OSST)
5438:(OCSO)
5356:(SSCC)
5326:(FDCC)
5320:(OSsS)
5276:female
5162:Porter
5145:Oblate
5140:Master
5135:Novice
5123:Hermit
5111:Sister
5082:Rector
5061:Abbess
4986:Rosary
4953:Prayer
4933:Priory
4923:Double
4747:Orders
4737:Hermit
4557:
4524:
4362:
4267:
4229:
3975:
3870:
3604:Jesuit
3512:, and
3485:orders
3477:Europe
3426:, and
3356:Bobbio
3300:Bangor
3247:. His
3245:Naples
3203:Cannes
3134:Ephrem
3087:desert
3075:Jerome
3052:desert
2887:, and
1887:Decree
1860:Notary
1721:Heresy
1572:Simony
1506:Indult
1470:Custom
1359:Parish
935:Altars
522:Other
137:Custom
46:on the
9497:CIDSE
9346:Youth
9070:Media
9037:Music
8962:Zaire
8942:Roman
8932:Braga
8922:Latin
8793:Greek
8665:Friar
8629:Abbot
8543:Major
8458:Index
8357:Laity
7923:Dogma
7870:Bible
7846:Islam
7802:Trent
7583:Jesus
7565:Legal
7527:Index
7363:Islam
6631:Roman
6590:Canon
6463:Peter
6411:Jesus
6165:(OSU)
6159:(SSS)
6153:(sss)
6142:(SPC)
6136:(RSJ)
6105:(RSM)
6053:(RGS)
6016:(SSJ)
6010:(RVM)
5992:(OSC)
5959:(MSC)
5948:(ICM)
5930:(MSC)
5919:(LGC)
5873:(MPF)
5802:(ASC)
5785:(CFX)
5773:(SJM)
5767:(SDB)
5756:(RCJ)
5732:(OFM)
5720:(OMV)
5714:(OMI)
5703:(MSC)
5697:(MOP)
5673:(CAM)
5667:(FMS)
5661:(SSE)
5655:(SVD)
5631:(MIC)
5614:(SSJ)
5602:(CSC)
5585:(CFR)
5579:(OAD)
5573:(FSC)
5567:(OSC)
5555:(CST)
5549:(CMF)
5543:(SSS)
5531:(CDD)
5525:(CFC)
5502:(FDM)
5496:(CSB)
5484:(OSA)
5473:(CRM)
5421:(OSM)
5380:(IVE)
5374:(OFM)
5362:(OCD)
5350:(NDS)
5314:(OSB)
5296:(OAR)
5171:Other
5092:Friar
5066:Prior
5057:Abbot
4996:Habit
4903:Abbey
4724:Types
3561:order
3553:order
3372:order
3352:Genoa
3310:, in
3209:Italy
3150:Milan
3121:of a
3119:abbot
3111:Latin
3099:Egypt
3079:Egypt
2859:, or
2819:friar
2803:monks
2523:Order
1877:Canon
514:1983
499:1917
71:1983
9022:Folk
8670:Monk
8411:List
8389:Pope
8284:Mary
7413:2023
7408:2019
7403:2016
7398:2013
7393:2011
7388:2008
7383:2005
7378:2002
7373:2000
7340:1995
6510:Acts
6473:Paul
6468:John
6443:Mary
6099:(SV)
6037:(DC)
5998:(MC)
5936:(MM)
5808:(AC)
5738:(CP)
5685:(MS)
5649:(SM)
5643:(SM)
5637:(SJ)
5620:(LC)
5508:(MI)
5464:Male
5427:(SA)
5415:(SC)
5398:(CS)
5392:(MC)
5368:(OP)
5308:(BC)
5302:(BA)
5290:(AA)
5272:Male
5097:Monk
5009:Coif
4971:Mass
4894:List
4834:Vows
4555:ISBN
4522:ISBN
4360:ISBN
4265:ISBN
4227:ISBN
3988:cf.
3973:ISBN
3926:2023
3868:ISBN
3547:The
3336:Alps
3304:Iona
3290:and
3249:Rule
3140:Gaul
2901:vows
2893:vows
2807:nuns
2647:, a
2035:and
9336:Lay
8988:Art
8682:Nun
8404:of
7896:God
6399:and
6349:Art
6185:of
5490:(B)
5274:and
5116:Nun
3569:nun
3463:by
3225:'s
3109:in
3071:fl.
2848:.
2844:in
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8631:,
4602:.
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