480:– people who were undecided as to whether they considered themselves Polish or Belarusian. Much of the rural population, who usually had no official identity documents, were denied the "right" of repatriation on the basis that they did not have documents stating they were Polish citizens. In what was described as a "fight for the people", Polish officials attempted to get as many people repatriated as possible, whereas the Belarusian officials tried to retain them, particularly the peasants, while deporting most of the Polish
558:
According to two Polish decrees of
September 5, 1947 and July 27, 1949, the people resettled to the Byelorussian SSR lost all their property left in Poland without compensation, in contradiction with the "Republican Agreements" which stipulated a fair compensation for all property, with the exception
575:
Translation: "Agreement between the Polish
Committee of National Liberation and the Government of the Byelorussian Soviet Sovialist Republic Regarding the Evacuation of Polish Citizens from the Territory of the B.S.S.R. and the Belarusian Population from the Territory of Poland, Signed in Lublin on
568:
Polish title:Układ pomiędzy
Polskim Komitetem Wyzwolenia Narodowego a Rządem Białoruskiej Socjalistycznej Republiki Rad dotyczący ewakuacji obywateli polskich z terytorium B.S.S.R. i ludności Białoruskiej z terytorium Polski, podpisany w Lublinie 9 września 1944 r., art. 3 ust. 6 i ust. 7, In:
484:. It is estimated that about 150,000 to 250,000 people were deported from Belarus. Similar numbers were registered as Poles but forced by the Belarusian officials to remain in Belarus, or were outright denied registration as Poles.
473:
In contrast to actions in the
Ukrainian SSR, the communist officials in the Byelorussian SSR did not actively support deportation of Poles. Belarusian officials made it difficult for Polish activists to communicate with
518:
The transfer was completed by July 1946, and of 160,000 ethnic
Belarusians, about 80,000 (according to Jasiak) or 38,000 (according to Mironowicz) were deported to the Byelorussian SSR and resettled there.
733:
Barwiński, Marek (2005). "Struktura narodowościowa i językowa mieszkańców południowo-wschodniej części województwa podlaskiego – porównanie wyników badań terenowych i
Narodowego Spisu Powszechnego".
535:, would remain in Poland, and this view was propagated by the Polish underground. However, as the situation clarified, the public opinion, including the underground, adopted the opposite stance.
572:
Belarusian title: Пагадненне паміж Польскім камітэтам нацыянальнага вызвалення і ўрадам БССР аб эвакуацыі польскіх грамадзян з тэрыторыі БССР і беларускага насельніцтва з тэрыторыі Польшчы
630:
In: Гісторыя і памяць. XV-XX стст. Матэрыялы міжнароднай навуковай канферэнцыі (Гародня, 9-10 лістапада 2013 г.), / Пад. Рэд. А.К. Краўцэвіча і А.Ф. Смалянчука, Гародня 2014. pp. 304-312.
401:
430:(PKWN). It stipulated the resettlement of ethnic Belarusians from Poland to Belarus and of ethnic Poles and Jews who had Polish citizenship before September 17, 1939 (date of the
680:
Marek Jasiak, "Overcoming
Ukrainian resistance: The Deportation of Ukrainians within Poland in 1947", In: Redrawing Nations: Ethnic Cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944-1948,
241:
546:
Polish families/family members: registered: 7,384/18,861; denied (for various reasons, e.g., missed the assigned train: 2142/5685; decided to stay: 159/4441; moved: 6033/14256
94:
455:
451:
256:
684:, citing Gregorz Sosna, "Sprawy narodowosciowe i wyznaniowe na Bialostocczyznie (1944-1948) w ocenie władz Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej : wybór dokumentów", a
791:
131:
443:
394:
246:
507:", but in September 1944, it was returned to Poland. The eastern parts of this area continue to have a significant Belarusian population. According to the
569:
Biuletyn nr 4/2002. Wybór orzecznictwa
Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka w sprawach polskich, Vol. III, pp. I-VII, as cited by Andrzej Kiedrzyn
354:
698:
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126:
339:
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329:
26:
334:
229:
219:
17:
182:
685:
192:
84:
427:
34:
279:
99:
61:
488:
806:
434:) from Belarus to Poland, in accordance with the resolutions of the Yalta and Tehran conferences and the plans about the new
234:
104:
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460:
610:
214:
209:
769:
653:
160:
109:
712:
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143:
114:
197:
491:, which was partially retained by Poland after World War II. It sought to retain some of the Belarusian people.
796:
487:
In response, Poland followed a similar process in regards to the
Belarusian population of the territory of the
119:
56:
586:
314:
202:
165:
224:
177:
148:
591:
172:
89:
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435:
431:
764:Вялікі А. На раздарожжы. Беларусы і палякі ў час перасялення. 1944—1946. — Мн.: НАРБ, 2004, 230 pp.
364:
681:
512:
508:
374:
155:
136:
8:
713:"Expropriation of real estate as a consequence of the loss or lack of Polish citizenship"
531:
were hesitant to register for resettlement, because they hoped that these parts, such as
187:
369:
765:
746:
649:
304:
738:
504:
423:
294:
274:
724:
Andrzej
Jakubowski, State Succession in Cultural Property, 2015, ISBN 0198738064,
628:“Зыход” або перасяленне польскага насельніцтва з Гродна ў Польшчу ў 1944-1946 гг.
528:
299:
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481:
447:
289:
51:
785:
750:
439:
697:
E. Mironowicz, Polityka narodowościowa PRL, Białystok 2000, p. 40, as cited
419:
503:
and its surroundings) were initially assigned to the Byelorussian SSR as "
422:(1944–1947) was based on an agreement signed on 9 September 1944 by the
742:
646:
Redrawing Nations: Ethnic Cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944–1948
611:"Переселение белорусов из Польши и Полесская область (1944-1947 гг.)"
500:
549:
Jewish families/family members: registered: 108/178; moved: 101/170
476:
538:
For example, these are the numbers for the resettled people from
539:
532:
324:
66:
737:(in Polish). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku: 67–84.
499:
Part of the lands with a significant Belarusian population (
688:
by Jan Jerzy Milewski in Studia Podlaskie, 1996, Vol. VI
452:
Population exchange between Poland and Soviet Lithuania
662:
527:
Initially, the residents of the westernmost parts of
444:
Population exchange between Poland and Soviet Ukraine
416:
population exchange between Poland and Soviet Belarus
454:); the three documents are commonly known as the
783:
395:
622:
620:
618:
522:
511:, there were 46,041 Belarusians (3.9%) in
438:. Similar agreements were signed with the
402:
388:
792:Population transfers of Poles (1944–1946)
732:
668:
640:
638:
636:
494:
615:
562:
428:Polish Committee of National Liberation
18:Polish population transfers (1944–1946)
784:
708:
706:
633:
703:
257:Between Poland and Soviet Lithuania
13:
758:
648:, Rowman & Littlefield, 2001,
280:German–Soviet population transfers
14:
818:
252:Between Poland and Soviet Belarus
247:Between Poland and Soviet Ukraine
776:Białorusini w Polsce w 1944-1949
553:
95:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
718:
691:
674:
604:
1:
597:
587:Belarusian minority in Poland
355:Massive labor force transfers
468:
7:
580:
10:
823:
644:Philipp Ther, Ana Siljak,
592:Polish minority in Belarus
35:Forced population transfer
15:
432:Soviet Invasion of Poland
85:Azerbaijanis from Armenia
807:Belarus–Poland relations
523:Poles and Jews to Poland
193:Kurds from Transcaucasia
365:Twenty-five-thousanders
495:Belarusians to Belarus
426:with the newly-formed
242:Polish and Soviet Jews
797:Belarusians in Poland
513:Podlaskie Voivodeship
509:Polish census of 2002
489:Białystok Voivodeship
456:Republican Agreements
436:Belarus–Poland border
375:Virgin Lands campaign
563:Name of the document
658:Google Print, p.141
576:September 9, 1944")
100:Chechens and Ingush
37:in the Soviet Union
370:NKVD labor columns
325:POW Administration
62:Forced settlements
778:, Warszawa, 1993.
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305:Operation Vistula
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802:1940s in Belarus
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715:, March 16, 2021
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295:Operation Priboi
275:June deportation
215:Meskhetian Turks
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759:Further reading
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300:Operation Vesna
285:Operation North
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290:Operation Osen
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203:NKVD operation
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166:NKVD operation
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149:NKVD operation
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137:NKVD operation
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120:NKVD operation
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110:Crimean Tatars
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52:Dekulakization
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626:А. Вялікі A.
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440:Ukrainian SSR
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671:, p. 1.
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420:World War II
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132:from Romania
477:tuteishians
459: [
210:Lithuanians
786:Categories
743:11089/3855
735:Pogranicze
598:References
446:) and the
340:Hungarians
266:Operations
156:Harbinites
57:Evacuation
16:See also:
751:1230-2392
559:of land.
501:Bialystok
469:Transfers
345:Romanians
235:1955–1959
230:1944–1946
178:Karachays
115:Estonians
581:See also
330:Japanese
198:Latvians
43:Policies
27:a series
25:Part of
335:Germans
183:Koreans
173:Kalmyks
127:Germans
105:Chinese
90:Balkars
76:Peoples
768:
749:
682:p. 181
652:
540:Grodno
533:Grodno
188:Kumyks
144:Greeks
463:]
450:(see
442:(see
220:Poles
67:Gulag
766:ISBN
747:ISSN
699:here
650:ISBN
414:The
739:hdl
542::
515:.
788::
745:.
705:^
656:,
635:^
617:^
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389:v
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