133:
105:
157:
1615:
963:"Comia , a Seed Plant Possibly of Peltaspermous Affinity: A Brief Review of the Genus and Description of Two New Species from the Early Permian (Artinskian) of Texas, C. greggii sp. nov. and C. craddockii sp. nov"
342:
with wedge-shaped subsidiaries ending in a beak-like papilla overarching the guard cells", something which is found among other seed plant groups. The seed-bearing organs are generally fan-shaped or peltate.
311:
known from the Early
Permian of the Northern Hemisphere, especially of North America. Both the "Comioids" and the "Supaioids" are associated with the peltaspermacean ovulate organ
448:
548:
853:"Dicroidium (foliage) and affiliated wood Part 3 of a reassessment of Gondwana Triassic plant genera and a reclassification of some previously attributed"
663:
439:
323:
409:
from Russia associated with peltasperm pollen. The insects are suggested to have fed on pollination drops produced by peltasperm reproductive organs.
631:
495:
274:
639:
564:
406:
1561:
671:
615:
556:
519:
503:
487:
286:
280:
265:
607:
585:
511:
366:
710:
247:". They span from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Jurassic or the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary. It includes at least one valid family,
702:
647:
623:
372:
291:
1656:
679:
655:
527:
479:
360:
295:
259:
595:
313:
924:"Epidermal anatomy of Glenopteris splendens Sellards nov. emend., an enigmatic seed plant from the Lower Permian of Kansas (U.S.A.)"
1191:"Fossil seed fern Lepidopteris ottonis from Sweden records increasing CO2 concentration during the end-Triassic extinction event"
577:
306:
1327:
1011:
Coiro, Mario; McLoughlin, Stephen; Steinthorsdottir, Margret; Vajda, Vivi; Fabrikant, Dolev; Seyfullah, Leyla J. (2024-04-16).
1370:"Taimyria gen. nov., a new genus of evolutionary advanced gymnosperms from Triassic of the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, Russia"
1328:"A new genus Navipelta (Peltaspermales, Pteridospermae) from the Permian/Triassic boundary deposits of the Moscow syneclise"
1134:"A new species of Lepidopteris discovered from the Upper Permian of China with its stratigraphic and biologic implications"
1048:
Meyen, Sergei V. (1987). "Evolution of
Ginkgoopsida: from Peltaspermales to Ginkgoales, Leptostrobales and Caytoniales".
1695:
1685:
1240:"The 'seed-fern' Lepidopteris mass-produced the abnormal pollen Ricciisporites during the end-Triassic biotic crisis"
760:
910:"Auritifolia gen. nov., Probable Seed Plant Foliage with Comioid Affinities from the Early Permian of Texas, U.S.A."
1409:
Bomfleur, Benjamin; Taylor, Edith L.; Taylor, Thomas N.; Serbet, Rudolph; Krings, Michael; Kerp, Hans (July 2011).
789:"Relictual Lepidopteris (Peltaspermales) from the Early Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia, Argentina"
1411:"Systematics and Paleoecology of a New Peltaspermalean Seed Fern from the Triassic Polar Vegetation of Gondwana"
1649:
733:
851:
Anderson, Heidi M.; Barbacka, Maria; Bamford, Marion K.; Holmes, W. B. Keith; Anderson, John M. (2020-01-02).
1700:
434:
156:
922:
Krings, Michael; Klavins, Sharon D.; DiMichele, William A.; Kerp, Hans; Taylor, Thomas N. (October 2005).
335:
1705:
1460:"Plant reproductive structures of the Agua de la Zorra and Los Rastros formations, Triassic, Argentina"
1238:
Vajda, Vivi; McLoughlin, Stephen; Slater, Sam M.; Gustafsson, Ola; Rasmusson, Allan G. (October 2023).
750:
1642:
852:
1459:
1680:
1539:
391:. Later authors have considered the position of Peltaspermales within seed plants to be uncertain.
455:, of latest Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous age may indicate an even longer survival in Gondwana.
354:, another group of extinct seed plants. Meyen (1987) argued that Peltaspermales were ancestral to
1690:
1675:
1239:
1190:
1084:
923:
1592:
1013:"Parallel evolution of angiospermâlike venation in Peltaspermales: a reinvestigation of Furcula"
1501:
417:
During the late
Paleozoic, peltasperms are primarily known from the Northern Hemisphere, with
251:, which spans from the Permian to Early Jurassic, which is typified by a group of plants with
132:
1587:
1579:
1566:
1012:
1548:
1251:
1202:
1145:
935:
864:
244:
8:
838:"Flora of the Lower Permian abo Formation Redbeds, Western Equatorial Pangea, New Mexico"
298:") of uncertain taxonomic affinities exist, each centered around a specific genus ;
96:
Some specimens From the
Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary of Australia may belong to the Group
1630:
1255:
1206:
1149:
939:
868:
1410:
1269:
1220:
1171:
1114:
990:
962:
888:
816:
788:
687:
151:
142:
1574:
1440:
1391:
1350:
1308:
1273:
1224:
1175:
1163:
1133:
1118:
1106:
1065:
1030:
982:
909:
892:
880:
837:
820:
808:
756:
395:
351:
994:
437:, with small populations persisting in Patagonia into the Early Jurassic. The genus
1479:
1471:
1430:
1422:
1381:
1342:
1300:
1259:
1210:
1153:
1096:
1061:
1057:
1020:
974:
947:
943:
872:
800:
429:
became globally distributed and was abundant, especially during the Late
Triassic.
876:
1264:
1215:
350:. Some authors have suggested that some peltasperms may have close affinities to
236:
1083:
Khramov, Alexander V.; Naugolnykh, Sergey V.; WÄgierek, Piotr (September 2022).
748:
104:
1626:
1524:
330:
The morphology of peltasperm leaves is highly variable, ranging from dissected
181:
1346:
1288:
1158:
1101:
1669:
1444:
1395:
1354:
1312:
1304:
1167:
1085:"Possible long-proboscid insect pollinators from the Early Permian of Russia"
1069:
1034:
986:
884:
812:
382:
59:
1189:
Slodownik, Miriam; Vajda, Vivi; Steinthorsdottir, Margret (February 2021).
1110:
471:
452:
388:
347:
253:
114:
1475:
1369:
961:
Mamay, Sergius H.; Chaney, Dan S.; DiMichele, William A. (February 2009).
1622:
1533:
1386:
402:
34:
1484:
1614:
355:
240:
194:
79:
44:
1435:
1025:
346:
It is unclear whether the broad grouping of peltasperms as a whole is
787:
Elgorriaga, AndrĂ©s; Escapa, Ignacio H.; CĂșneo, N. RubĂ©n (July 2019).
399:
84:
1495:
1010:
126:
pollen-producing microsporophylls, from the Late
Triassic of Europe
1518:
1426:
978:
804:
422:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
1132:
Zhang, Yi; Zheng, ShaoLin; Naugolnykh, Serge V. (September 2012).
421:
first appearing in the region during the Late
Permian. During the
1553:
1050:
Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Actualités
Botaniques
331:
89:
64:
1289:"The record of Australian Jurassic plantâarthropod interactions"
1458:
Pedernera, TomĂĄs
Ezequiel; GĂłmez, MarĂa AngĂ©lica (2022-02-22).
1287:
McLoughlin, Stephen; Martin, Sarah K.; Beattie, Robert (2015).
1237:
540:
300:
1188:
358:, due to similarities between certain peltasperm form genera (
338:
morphologies. The leaves of many peltasperms have "monocyclic
272:
organs, though the family now also includes other genera like
850:
749:
Taylor, Edith L.; Taylor, Thomas N.; Krings, Michael (2009).
394:
It is suggested that at least some peltasperms may have been
339:
269:
168:
1408:
921:
694:
Matatiellaceae? (Other authors consider this family to be
1082:
904:
902:
458:
1286:
752:
Paleobotany: The
Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants
899:
786:
1367:
1131:
960:
857:
Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology
387:and grouped peltasperms with Ginkgoales as part of
1368:Naugolnykh, Serge V.; Mogutcheva, Nina K. (2022).
1244:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
1195:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
1667:
1457:
290:. Along with these, two informal groups (the "
1650:
327:may also have affinities to the peltasperms.
744:
742:
321:). The Late Triassic-Middle Jurassic genus
1657:
1643:
131:
103:
1483:
1434:
1385:
1263:
1214:
1157:
1100:
1024:
739:
1415:International Journal of Plant Sciences
1325:
967:International Journal of Plant Sciences
793:International Journal of Plant Sciences
412:
1668:
1500:
1499:
1047:
928:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
459:Families, genera, and other groupings
1609:
1006:
1004:
832:
830:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
146:from the Late Triassic of Greenland
1464:Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia
755:. Academic Press. pp. 639â48.
13:
398:, with Pemian members of the long-
14:
1717:
1001:
827:
769:
433:populations collapsed during the
30:Late CarboniferousâEarly Jurassic
1613:
155:
32:
1451:
1402:
1361:
1319:
1280:
1231:
1182:
1125:
1076:
1041:
1062:10.1080/01811789.1987.10826864
954:
948:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2005.07.002
915:
844:
727:
443:, along specimens referred as
1:
877:10.1080/03115518.2019.1622779
720:
1629:. You can help Knowledge by
1265:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111723
1216:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110157
435:end-Triassic mass extinction
7:
16:Extinct order of seed ferns
10:
1722:
1608:
334:(fern-like) to forked and
1696:Permian first appearances
1508:
1347:10.1134/S0031030109100086
1159:10.1007/s11434-012-5282-0
1102:10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.085
599:(ovulate organ, formerly
380:) and the extinct gingko
222:
217:
152:Scientific classification
150:
139:
130:
111:
102:
23:
1686:Prehistoric plant orders
1305:10.1016/j.gr.2013.11.009
1138:Chinese Science Bulletin
112:Life restoration of the
1335:Paleontological Journal
1326:Karasev, E. V. (2009).
1625:-related article is a
1588:Paleobiology Database
1476:10.4072/rbp.2021.4.04
449:Battle Camp Formation
1701:Triassic extinctions
1387:10.37520/fi.2022.018
1095:(17): 3815â3820.e2.
698:within seed plants)
413:Evolutionary history
243:, often considered "
218:Families and genera
140:Life restoration of
120:Lepidopteris ottonis
1256:2023PPP...62711723V
1207:2021PPP...56410157S
1150:2012ChSBu..57.3603Z
940:2005RPaPa.136..159K
869:2020Alch...44...64A
263:pollen-organs, and
143:Furcula granulifer
1706:Paleobotany stubs
1638:
1637:
1603:
1602:
1575:Open Tree of Life
1502:Taxon identifiers
1341:(10): 1262â1271.
1293:Gondwana Research
1144:(27): 3603â3609.
1026:10.1111/nph.19726
664:Pachydermophyllum
440:Pachydermophyllum
396:insect pollinated
324:Pachydermophyllum
229:
228:
213:
124:Antevsia zeilleri
97:
1713:
1659:
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952:
951:
934:(3â4): 159â180.
919:
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906:
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896:
848:
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841:
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135:
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31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
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1711:
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1681:Triassic plants
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1089:Current Biology
1081:
1077:
1046:
1042:
1017:New Phytologist
1009:
1002:
959:
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920:
916:
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849:
845:
836:
835:
828:
785:
770:
763:
747:
740:
732:
728:
723:
714:(ovulate organ)
683:(ovulate organ)
659:(ovulate organ)
651:(ovulate organ)
643:(ovulate organ)
635:(ovulate organ)
632:Permoxylocarpus
627:(ovulate organ)
619:(ovulate organ)
611:(ovulate organ)
507:(ovulate organ)
499:(ovulate organ)
496:Peltaspermopsis
491:(ovulate organ)
483:(pollen organs)
466:Peltaspermaceae
461:
415:
317:(also known as
275:Peltaspermopsis
249:Peltaspermaceae
235:are an extinct
212:Delevoryas 1979
210:
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1691:Peltaspermales
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1676:Permian plants
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1584:
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1540:Peltaspermales
1530:
1514:
1512:
1510:Peltaspermales
1506:
1505:
1492:
1491:
1470:(4): 336â344.
1450:
1427:10.1086/660188
1421:(6): 807â835.
1401:
1380:(2): 432â444.
1374:Fossil Imprint
1360:
1318:
1299:(3): 940â959.
1279:
1230:
1181:
1124:
1075:
1040:
1000:
979:10.1086/595294
973:(2): 267â282.
953:
914:
898:
843:
826:
805:10.1086/703461
799:(6): 578â596.
768:
761:
738:
736:et Fossilworks
734:Peltaspermales
725:
724:
722:
719:
718:
717:
716:
715:
707:
696:incertae sedis
692:
684:
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668:
660:
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640:Sporophyllites
636:
628:
620:
612:
604:
592:
591:
590:
582:
571:
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569:
565:Brongniartites
561:
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407:Protomeropidae
233:Peltaspermales
227:
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208:Peltaspermales
202:
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195:Spermatophytes
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24:Peltaspermales
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2:
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672:Vittaephyllum
669:
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445:Lepidopteris?
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436:
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397:
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383:Glossophyllum
379:
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56:
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46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1631:expanding it
1620:
1605:
1509:
1485:11336/171137
1467:
1463:
1453:
1418:
1414:
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1194:
1184:
1141:
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1088:
1078:
1056:(2): 67â76.
1053:
1049:
1043:
1016:
970:
966:
956:
931:
927:
917:
863:(1): 64â92.
860:
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616:Lopadiangium
614:
606:
600:
594:
584:
576:
563:
557:Compsopteris
555:
547:
539:
536:"Supaioids"
526:
520:Scytophyllum
518:
510:
504:Meyenopteris
502:
494:
488:Peltaspermum
486:
478:
472:Lepidopteris
470:
465:
453:Clack Island
444:
438:
431:Lepidopteris
430:
427:Lepidopteris
426:
419:Lepidopteris
418:
416:
393:
389:Ginkgoopsida
381:
377:
371:
365:
359:
348:monophyletic
345:
329:
322:
318:
312:
305:
299:
287:Scytophyllum
285:
281:Meyenopteris
279:
273:
266:Peltaspermum
264:
258:
254:Lepidopteris
252:
248:
232:
230:
223:
207:
188:
175:
141:
123:
122:foliage and
119:
118:plant, with
115:Lepidopteris
113:
18:
1623:paleobotany
1534:Wikispecies
608:Autuniopsis
586:Auritifolia
573:"Comioids"
549:Glenopteris
512:Kirjamkenia
403:scorpionfly
367:Kirjamkenia
294:" and the "
241:seed plants
1670:Categories
1436:1808/13686
1250:: 111723.
1201:: 110157.
721:References
711:Matatiella
667:? (leaves)
356:Ginkgoales
245:seed ferns
1445:1058-5893
1396:2533-4069
1355:0031-0301
1313:1342-937X
1274:260102119
1225:230527791
1176:130050063
1168:1001-6538
1119:250647525
1070:0181-1789
1035:0028-646X
987:1058-5893
893:199109037
885:0311-5518
821:195435840
813:1058-5893
703:Dejerseya
648:Stiphorus
624:Navipelta
601:Sandrewia
447:from the
400:probiscis
373:Stiphorus
319:Sandrewia
292:Supaioids
224:See text
165:Kingdom:
1554:12160051
1525:Q1536417
1519:Wikidata
1111:35858616
995:85218041
706:(leaves)
691:(leaves)
680:Taimyria
675:(leaves)
656:Tinsleya
589:(leaves)
581:(leaves)
568:(leaves)
560:(leaves)
552:(leaves)
544:(leaves)
531:(leaves)
528:Tatarina
523:(leaves)
515:(leaves)
480:Antevsia
475:(leaves)
423:Triassic
378:Antevsia
361:Tatarina
296:Comioids
260:Antevsia
257:leaves,
1580:5279315
1252:Bibcode
1203:Bibcode
1146:Bibcode
936:Bibcode
865:Bibcode
688:Furcula
596:Autunia
464:Family
405:family
340:stomata
332:pinnate
314:Autunia
270:ovulate
201:Order:
169:Plantae
1593:157174
1443:
1394:
1353:
1311:
1272:
1223:
1174:
1166:
1117:
1109:
1068:
1033:
993:
985:
891:
883:
819:
811:
759:
541:Supaia
336:simple
301:Supaia
1621:This
1567:11295
1562:IRMNG
1331:(PDF)
1270:S2CID
1221:S2CID
1172:S2CID
1115:S2CID
991:S2CID
889:S2CID
817:S2CID
578:Comia
307:Comia
237:order
189:Clade
176:Clade
1627:stub
1441:ISSN
1392:ISSN
1351:ISSN
1309:ISSN
1164:ISSN
1107:PMID
1066:ISSN
1031:ISSN
983:ISSN
881:ISSN
809:ISSN
757:ISBN
304:and
284:and
231:The
35:Preê
1549:EoL
1480:hdl
1472:doi
1431:hdl
1423:doi
1419:172
1382:doi
1343:doi
1301:doi
1260:doi
1248:627
1211:doi
1199:564
1154:doi
1097:doi
1058:doi
1054:134
1021:doi
975:doi
971:170
944:doi
932:136
873:doi
801:doi
797:180
451:of
239:of
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376:,
370:,
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278:,
191::
178::
85:Pg
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1651:t
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385:,
309:,
205:â
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:ê
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