2005:
horizontal architraves and flat ceilings. Owing to the lightness of the small, thin bricks, which were chiefly used in the making of Gauḍa, its buildings have not well withstood the ravages of time and the weather; while much of its enamelled work has been removed for the ornamentation of the surrounding cities of more modern origin. Moreover, the ruins long served as a quarry for the builders of neighbouring towns and villages, till in 1900 steps were taken for their preservation by the government. The finest ruin in Gauḍa is that of the Great Golden Mosque, also called Bara
Darwaza, or twelve doored (1526). An arched corridor running along the whole front of the original building is the principal portion now standing. There are eleven arches on either side of the corridor and one at each end of it, from which the mosque probably obtained its name. These arches are surmounted by eleven domes in fair preservation; the mosque had originally thirty-three.
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the embankments themselves are overgrown with dense jungle. The western side of the city was washed by the Ganges, and within the space enclosed by these embankments and the river stood the city of Gauḍa proper, with the fort containing the palace in its south-west corner. Radiating north, south and east from the city, other embankments are to be traced running through the suburbs and extending in certain directions for 30 or 40 m. Surrounding the palace is an inner embankment of similar construction to that which surrounds the city, and even more overgrown with jungle. A deep
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2036:. The citadel, of the Muslim period, was strongly fortified with a rampart and entered through a magnificent gateway called the Dakhil Darwaza (1459–1474). At the south-east corner was a palace, surrounded by a wall of brick 66 ft (20 m) high, of which a part is standing. Nearby were the royal tombs. Within the citadel is the Kadam Rasul mosque (1530), which is still used, and close outside is a tall tower called the
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55:
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The Indian archaeological survey is also carrying out excavations of a mound about a kilometre from the Chikha building within the
Baisgaji Wall where remains of a palace are turning up. A permanent artefact and photographic exhibition highlighting the major monuments of Gour and the restoration work
1988:
city (which was surrounded by extensive suburbs) still exist; they were works of vast labour, and were on the average about 40 ft (12 m) high, and 180 to 200 ft (61 m) thick at the base. The facing of masonry and the buildings with which they were covered have now disappeared, and
2004:
It is neither like that of Delhi nor
Jaunpur, nor any other style, but one purely local and not without considerable merit in itself; its principal characteristic being heavy short pillars of stone supporting pointed arches and vaults in brick whereas at Jaunpore, for instance, light pillars carried
2166:
Thus Gauda flourished as an important city of
Eastern India for a considerable period of time before the establishment of Muslim rule, and pre-Muslim rulers of the country often built new cities named after them in the vicinity of the
2040:(perhaps signifying tower of victory). There are a number of Muslim buildings on the banks of the Sagar Dighi, including, notably, the tomb of the saint Makhdum Shaikh Akhi Siraj (died 1357), and in the neighbourhood is a burning
1980: km (4.4 mi). from north to south, with a breadth of 1 to 2 km (0.62 to 1.24 mi). With suburbs it covered an area of 20 to 30 km (12 to 19 mi), and in the 16th century the Portuguese historian
2044:, traditionally the only one allowed to the use of the Hindus by their Muslim conquerors, and still greatly venerated and frequented by them. Many inscriptions of historical importance have been found in the ruins.."
1876:
Around the same time the Ganges silted up and abandoned its channels above Gauda, the city only recently having been captured by Mughal forces suffered a devastating epidemic and was consequentially abandoned.
1539:
travellers left detailed and extensive accounts of Gaur. The
Portuguese compared the affluence of the city with Lisbon. The royal palace was divided into three compartments. A high wall enclosed the palace. A
1564:, the road from the Dakhil Darwaza to the durbar had nine well-guarded gates, of which two can still be identified today. The second compartment was the living quarter of the Sultan which was adorned with
2072:
in
Bangladesh are responsible for preserving heritage structures in the area. The Bangladeshi Archaeology Department has carried out several projects in both the Bangladeshi and Indian sides of Gauda.
2104:
railway station. Gauda can be accessed through the
Sonamosjid checkpoint on the Bangladesh-India border. The checkpoint is located near the Choto Sona Mosque in Chapai Nawabganj district, Bangladesh.
1193:
1250:, with most of its ruins on the Indian side and a few structures on the Bangladeshi side, it was once one of the most populous cities in the world. The ruins of this former city now straddle the
1829:
in
Persian means a building with a cool environment. The name indicates that the complex had an indoor ventilation system to moderate humid temperatures. The complex was also used as a Sufi
1520:
announced the transfer of Bengal's capital from Pandua to Gaur. The transfer was completed by 1453. Gaur served as the
Bengali sultanate's capital for over one hundred years until 1565.
1392:
to govern Bengal as a substitute. Bakhtiyar would die after the failure of this expedition, officially leaving Shiran as the next governor of
Lakhnauti who would shortly be succeeded by
407:
invaded the region, he renamed the city Jannatabad ("heavenly city"). Most of the surviving structures in Gauda are from the period of the Bengal Sultanate. The city was sacked by
4104:
392:. In 1500, Gauda was the fifth-most populous city in the world, with a population of 200,000, as well as one of the most densely populated cities in the Indian subcontinent. The
434:, and a centre of stately medieval architecture. Gauda's ruins were depicted in the artwork of European painters during the 18th and 19th centuries. Colonial officials, such as
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4129:
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1833:. The Lukochori Darwaza (hide and seek gate) was erected on the road that led to the complex. The construction of these structures can be traced to the reign of viceroy
1544:
surrounded the palace on three sides and was connected to the Ganges, which guarded the western side of the citadel. According to a contemporary Vaishnava poet, Sultan
3953:
1903:
1911:
2253:
1200:
Cities, towns and locations in the southern portion of Malda district (including Kaliachak I, Kaliachak II, Kaliachak III, Manikchak and English Bazar CD blocks)
1923:
415:
was once located near the city, but a change in the river's course caused Gauda to lose its strategic importance. A new Mughal capital developed later in
396:
left detailed accounts of the city. The Sultans built a citadel, many mosques, a royal palace, canals and bridges. Buildings featured glazed tiles.
4288:
2220:
1560:
and water channel located halfway from the Dakhil Darwaza gate. The gate still stands today. According to the Portuguese and medieval Bengali poet
3994:
1993:
protects it on the outside. To the north of the outer embankment lies the Sagar Dighi, a great reservoir, 1600 yd. by 800 yd., dating from 1126.
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236:
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The Portuguese historian Castenhada de Lopez described the houses of Gaur. Most buildings were one-storeyed with ornamental floor tiles,
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1778:
4079:
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merchants during the Sultanate period and Gaur was a centre of the trade like other erstwhile Bengali cities, including Pandua,
2069:
1841:
and a change in the course of the Ganges caused the city to be abandoned. Since then the area has been a heap of ruins in the
91:
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175:
1385:
1707:
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1335:. The empire ruled for four centuries and its territory included large parts of northern India. According to historian
1218:
431:
2447:
119:
1695:
1552:
on the opposite bank of the river. The first compartment in the north included the durbar. An inscription of Sultan
3370:
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1584:
being played on the plains below the citadel. Gaur was the center of regional politics. The deposed Arakanese king
1523:
Gaur was one of the most densely populated cities in the Indian subcontinent, with a population rivalling that of
4338:
4004:
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4089:
3293:
2439:
2065:
1412:, the Governor of Lakhnauti, declared independence from the Delhi Sultanate. He would be succeeded by his son,
1484:
3404:
1897:
1307:, one of the pioneering Bengal kings in history. Shashanka's reign falls approximately between 590 and 625.
4328:
4014:
3327:
1588:
was granted asylum in Gaur. The Sultan of Bengal dispatched a military expedition from Gaur to achieve the
1737:
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4034:
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1348:
1251:
461:
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2097:
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39:
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1805:
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17:
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in 1342. Ilyas Shah united the Bengal region into a separate independent state from Delhi in 1352.
1461:
1205:
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
1885:
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3710:
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3320:
3138:
3113:
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1432:, who played pivotal roles in completing Kaikaus' work in Satgaon before proceeding to take over
1247:
2084:. Among the exhibits are also some fine specimens of brick moulding and glazed tiles from Gour.
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1553:
1409:
35:
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who sought to name it as Jannatabad (heavenly city). The city was looted and plundered during
1343:
is an appropriate name for the Pala Empire itself. The Pala period saw the development of the
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1944:
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1572:. Many artefacts have been recovered from the palace grounds, including enamelled bricks and
1545:
1517:
1505:
1429:
1203:
M: municipal town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, F: Facility, H: historical centre
2604:
2254:"Gujarat's medieval cities were once the biggest in the world – as a viral video reminds us"
1476:
1331:
as king with the approval of an assembly of chieftains. The Pala Emperors carried the title
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The city thrived until the collapse of the Bengal Sultanate in the 16th century, when the
8:
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shifted the capital to Tandah. In 1575, Gaur was conquered by a Mughal contingent led by
1441:
1433:
1048:
861:
342:
1615:. Bengal also attracted immigrants from North India, the Middle East, and Central Asia.
3575:
3270:
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3143:
3018:
2383:
2202:
1635:
1453:
1413:
1400:. The latter would declare independence from Delhi which would also lead to his death.
912:
362:
31:
2356:
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1865:
as its primary channel and abandoned its channels in the south-western portion of the
1460:. Sylhet was successfully incorporated into Firuz's Lakhnauti kingdom. His successor,
4109:
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3838:
3798:
3753:
3570:
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3108:
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3053:
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2921:
2872:
2443:
2318:
2155:
1960:
1573:
1536:
1509:
1508:, was Delhi's governor in Satgaon. Ilyas Shah rebelled and overthrew Gaur's governor
1416:
who expanded the kingdom. During his rule, the Lakhnauti-based kingdom expanded into
1393:
1275:
1267:
997:
706:
638:
439:
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223:
76:
64:
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2192:
1822:
1501:
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389:
378:
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365:
was also a province of several pan-Indian empires. During the seventh century, the
72:
68:
1768:
411:. An outbreak of the plague contributed to the city's downfall. The course of the
4318:
4019:
3758:
3748:
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3560:
3545:
3342:
3078:
2897:
2807:
2314:
Studies in the Political and Administrative Systems in Ancient and Medieval India
1873:
observed that ships were unable to sail north of Saptagram for this very reason.
1870:
1465:
1445:
1031:
1014:
963:
929:
878:
793:
377:. Gour gradually became synonymous with Bengal and Bengalis. It was conquered by
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2180:
1985:
1959:
Another inscription from the site in the British Museum 'collected' by Captain
1948:
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1623:
1561:
1532:
1524:
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408:
388:
For a period of 112 years, between 1453 and 1565, Gauda was the capital of the
350:
214:
3619:
2234:
2134:. Vol. 11 (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 113.
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4114:
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3525:
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3170:
3093:
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2547:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 534–535.
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2529:
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2032:
in brick, and the Lotan mosque of the same period is unique in retaining its
1981:
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1797:
1549:
1513:
1389:
1296:
1233:
1220:
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810:
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251:
238:
2629:
1955:
1939:
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4074:
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3500:
3424:
3118:
3073:
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2961:
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2727:
2596:
2057:
1866:
1565:
1457:
1368:
1292:
1118:
354:
2625:
2614:
4242:
4154:
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4039:
3971:
3863:
3655:
3555:
3530:
3515:
3429:
3128:
3058:
3013:
2608:
2338:
2037:
2014:
1862:
1585:
1577:
1397:
1324:
1259:
218:
60:
4192:
4172:
4164:
4139:
4084:
3680:
3590:
3485:
3480:
3408:
3400:
2971:
1984:
described it as containing 1,200,000 inhabitants. The ramparts of this
1842:
1729:
1631:
1604:
1535:, many mosques, residences for aristocrats and merchants, and bazaars.
1449:
1169:
980:
3391:
3383:
3374:
3366:
3358:
2656:
4237:
4207:
4124:
4024:
3833:
3793:
3778:
3768:
3728:
3723:
3650:
3585:
3490:
2951:
2123:
1725:
1608:
1596:
1493:
1437:
1304:
1135:
895:
844:
776:
759:
723:
370:
4134:
4064:
4029:
4009:
3803:
3773:
3763:
3733:
3690:
3600:
3510:
3495:
3447:
3413:
Cities, towns and locations in Santhal Parganas division, Jharkhand
3165:
1557:
1356:
1300:
1101:
946:
827:
416:
2528:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2241:
from the original on 21 December 2021 – via www.youtube.com.
1599:
and gardens. There were canals and bridges. Bengal attracted many
4149:
3989:
3818:
3535:
3505:
3475:
3001:
2991:
2966:
2273:"Once upon a fort: Gaur's Firoz Minar is still an imposing sight"
2093:
2081:
1830:
1619:
1612:
1600:
1528:
1417:
1271:
1186:
1065:
672:
587:
404:
1861:
river, but after the late 16th century the river linked up with
54:
4119:
3963:
3670:
3665:
3028:
3023:
1854:
1821:
The Mughals built several structures in Gaur. The two-storeyed
1425:
1328:
412:
382:
358:
338:
3999:
3695:
1618:
In the 16th-century, Gaur was occupied by the Mughal emperor
1569:
1421:
1315:
420:
3465:
2986:
2415:
2041:
2033:
1990:
1581:
1541:
1516:
became the first capital of the sultanate. In 1450, Sultan
1489:
2479:
2477:
1371:. The name was in honour of the Sena ruler Lakhsman Sena.
2000:
thus describes the general architectural style of Gauḍa:
1934:
3379:
Cities, towns and locations in Dakshin Dinajpur district
2878:
Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah I 1555-1561
2474:
2235:"Bar chart race: the most populous cities through time"
1943:
Part of a foundation inscription in the name of Sultan
1351:
and other aspects of Bengali culture. Indeed, the term
442:, left detailed surveys of the former Bengali capital.
59:
Clockwise from top: Lukachori Gateway, Dakhil Darwaza,
3371:
Cities, towns and locations in Uttar Dinajpur district
2151:
Studies in the Geography of Ancient and Medieval India
3363:
Cities, towns and locations in Purnia division, Bihar
3961:
2586:
2436:
The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760
2307:
2144:
426:
Gauda was one of the most prominent capitals in the
403:
took control of the region. When the Mughal Emperor
373:, whose reign corresponds with the beginning of the
3405:
Cities, towns and locations in Murshidabad district
1327:was founded in the Gauda region during the rise of
2154:(2nd ed.). Motilal Banarsidass. p. 119.
1568:of various colours. The third compartment was the
2181:"Theories of Roma Origins and the Bengal Linkage"
2028:, "The Tantipar mosque (1475–1480) has beautiful
4260:
2100:. Although, it is desirable to visit Gauda via
2096:to Malda town. The nearest railway station is
2076:is undertaken by the ASI is being held at the
2060:marks the border between Bangladesh and India.
1825:complex was a resting place for viceroys. The
3947:
3328:
3294:
1355:(of Gauda) became synonymous with Bengal and
2219:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1642:Structures and ruins of the Bengal Sultanate
345:, and one of the most prominent capitals of
2121:
1576:. In 1521, a Portuguese visitor saw Sultan
1496:, and coins from Gaur in the British Museum
1367:Gauda became known as Lakhnauti during the
3954:
3940:
3335:
3321:
3301:
3287:
2568:History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
2122:Baynes, T. S.; Smith, W. R., eds. (1880).
2092:Bus and rail transport are available from
1500:Gauda was widely known as Gaur during the
53:
2301:
2196:
2138:
1270:. The Kotwali Gate, formerly part of the
30:For the territory in ancient Bengal, see
3618:
2533:
2483:
2421:
2399:
2397:
2185:Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences
2051:
2025:Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition
2013:
1954:
1938:
1634:. The Bengal Sultanate ended during the
1483:
1475:
1403:
1314:
165:Show map of Bangladesh Rajshahi division
4289:Buildings and structures in West Bengal
2378:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2370:
1653:Ruins at the ancient city of Gour, 1795
1480:Maritime links of the Bengal Sultanate.
106:Location of Gauḍa in West Bengal, India
14:
4261:
2574:Reports of the Archaeological Surveyor
2178:
1935:Historical measurements and statistics
4334:Tourist attractions in Malda district
4284:Former populated places in Bangladesh
3935:
3396:Chapai Nawabganj District, Bangladesh
3316:
2433:
2394:
2270:
2009:
1784:Fading enamelled bricks on Gumti Gate
2367:
182:
154:
126:
98:
27:Ancient city in India and Bangladesh
4304:Archaeological sites in West Bengal
2317:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 50.
2251:
1857:was conventionally linked with the
1471:
1374:
1286:
24:
4294:Cities and towns in Malda district
4274:Archaeological sites in Bangladesh
1845:and almost overgrown with jungle.
1379:
1295:, western Bengal was ruled by the
432:history of the Indian subcontinent
25:
4350:
2869:Muhammad Shahi dynasty (1554–64)
2702:Muhammad bin Hamza Shah 1413
2582:
385:ruler Muhammad of Ghori in 1203.
4299:Former populated places in India
3916:
3900:
3899:
3890:
3889:
3880:
3879:
3407:
3399:
3390:
3382:
3373:
3365:
3357:
3241:Reconquest of Arakan (1429-1430)
2655:
2624:
2613:
2589:
2521:
1922:
1910:
1896:
1884:
1816:
1804:
1789:
1777:
1760:
1748:
1736:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1682:
1670:
1658:
1646:
1626:'s invasion. After 1565, Sultan
1504:. The founder of the sultanate,
1428:in the north. His successor was
1185:
1168:
1151:
1134:
1117:
1100:
1083:
1064:
1047:
1030:
1013:
996:
979:
962:
945:
928:
911:
894:
877:
860:
843:
826:
809:
792:
775:
758:
739:
722:
705:
688:
671:
654:
637:
586:
467:
460:
453:
181:
174:
153:
146:
125:
118:
97:
90:
3343:Cities, towns and locations in
2552:M. Martin (Buchanan Hamilton),
2489:
2456:
2427:
2349:
2047:
1998:History of Eastern Architecture
1966:The city in its prime measured
1464:would lose independence to the
1362:
162:Location of Gauḍa in Bangladesh
75:, Gauda pillar, Lattan Mosque,
4309:Former capital cities in India
2464:"frieze | British Museum"
2440:University of California Press
2331:
2283:
2264:
2245:
2227:
2172:
2114:
2066:Archaeological Survey of India
1848:
1310:
1303:Kingdom. Gauda was founded by
13:
1:
2514:
2279:– via www.thehindu.com.
1548:once saw a procession led by
3388:Naogaon District, Bangladesh
2632:travel guide from Wikivoyage
2621:travel guide from Wikivoyage
2576:, Bengal Circle (1900–1904).
2271:Safvi, Rana (2 March 2019).
2087:
1254:and are divided between the
445:
361:under several kingdoms. The
7:
3634:other than cities and towns
2888:Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah II
1796:Gravestones resembling the
1278:between the two countries.
1210:
341:in the eastern part of the
10:
4355:
3962:Ancient-Medieval sites in
3905:People from Malda district
3895:Villages in Malda district
2198:10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n10p22
2179:Thakur, Harish, K (2013).
1440:. In 1303, Firuz's nephew
1299:and eastern Bengal by the
1281:
134:Location of Gauḍa in India
40:Lakhnauti (disambiguation)
29:
4279:Chapai Nawabganj District
4163:
3970:
3913:
3872:
3856:
3709:
3641:
3630:
3616:
3456:
3438:
3419:
3355:
3256:Mughal invasion of Bengal
2339:"gaudiya -- the Bengalis"
2070:Department of Archaeology
2018:Choto Sona Mosque in 1808
1880:Mughal structures of Gaur
1811:Baisgazi Wall (city wall)
1264:Chapai Nawabganj District
436:Francis Buchanan-Hamilton
304:
296:
291:
283:
275:
267:
230:
210:
202:
190:Gauḍa (city) (Bangladesh)
84:
52:
3623:Divisions of West Bengal
2873:Shamsuddin Muhammad Shah
2826:Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah
2746:Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah
2734:Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah
2706:Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah
2107:
1462:Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah
1388:in 1206, Bakhtiyar left
337:) is a historic city of
3711:Malda Sadar subdivision
3458:Malda Sadar subdivision
2860:Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah
2804:Habshi rule (1487–94)
2544:Encyclopædia Britannica
2504:Bangladesh Trade Portal
2497:"Land Ports in a Brief"
2434:Eaton, Richard (1993).
2131:Encyclopædia Britannica
1904:Rohanpur Octagonal Tomb
1444:and commander-in-chief
1248:Bangladesh-India border
109:Show map of West Bengal
63:, Qadam Rasool Mosque,
4339:Medieval Indian cities
3624:
2882:Ghiyasuddin Jalal Shah
2854:Alauddin Firuz Shah II
2848:Nasiruddin Nasrat Shah
2789:Nuruddin Sikandar Shah
2771:Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah
2061:
2019:
2007:
1963:
1952:
1917:Mughal viceregal lodge
1554:Rukunuddin Barbak Shah
1497:
1481:
1452:and his forces in the
1410:Nasiruddin Bughra Khan
1386:campaign towards Tibet
1320:
1291:After the fall of the
381:, a lieutenant of the
193:Show map of Bangladesh
36:Gauda (disambiguation)
34:. For other uses, see
4183:Chandrapur University
3622:
3196:Ghiyathiyyah Madrasah
2910:Sulaiman Khan Karrani
2842:Alauddin Hussain Shah
2836:Hussain Shahi dynasty
2795:Jalaluddin Fateh Shah
2783:Shamsuddin Yusuf Shah
2777:Ruknuddin Barbak Shah
2752:Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah
2712:Alauddin Firuz Shah I
2691:Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah
2679:Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah
2055:
2017:
2002:
1958:
1942:
1891:Hide and Seek Doorway
1869:. Venetian traveller
1628:Sulaiman Khan Karrani
1546:Alauddin Hussain Shah
1531:, a royal palace and
1518:Mahmud Shah of Bengal
1506:Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah
1487:
1479:
1430:Shamsuddin Firuz Shah
1404:Independent Lakhnauti
1318:
252:24.86667°N 88.13333°E
206:Lakhnauti, Jannatabad
203:Alternative name
4198:Jagaddala Mahavihara
3643:Chanchal subdivision
3440:Chanchal subdivision
3181:Indo-Persian culture
2916:Bayazid Khan Karrani
2814:Saifuddin Firuz Shah
2697:Saifuddin Hamza Shah
2309:Dineshchandra Sircar
2146:Dineshchandra Sircar
1590:Reconquest of Arakan
1488:Remnants of colored
1252:international border
1215:Gauḍa is located at
369:was founded by King
4329:Ruins in Bangladesh
4233:Somapura Mahavihara
3251:Mrauk U (1512–1516)
3236:Jaunpur (1415-1420)
3215:History of the taka
3089:Shankarpasha Mosque
2765:Ilyas Shahi dynasty
2673:Ilyas Shahi dynasty
2556:, vol. iii. (1831);
2424:, pp. 534–535.
2343:Sanskrit Dictionary
1853:The great river of
1689:Khania Dighi Mosque
1442:Sikandar Khan Ghazi
1246:. It straddles the
1230: /
343:Indian subcontinent
248: /
49:
4324:Capitals of Bengal
3625:
3231:Ekdala (1353-1359)
3186:Persianate society
3177:Persian influence
3144:Nasrat Gazi Mosque
2468:The British Museum
2405:"Tahkhana Complex"
2062:
2020:
2010:Notable structures
1964:
1953:
1929:Mughal Sufi shrine
1859:Baghirhati-Hooghly
1701:Dhani Chowk Mosque
1636:Battle of Rajmahal
1498:
1482:
1454:Conquest of Sylhet
1414:Rukunuddin Kaikaus
1321:
257:24.86667; 88.13333
47:
4256:
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4015:Bishnupur temples
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3139:Jamaluddin Mosque
3114:Muazzampur Mosque
3109:Eklakhi Mausoleum
3099:Majidbaria Mosque
3069:Baro Shona Masjid
3064:Choto Sona Mosque
3054:Sixty Dome Mosque
2922:Daud Khan Karrani
2566:James Fergusson,
2559:G. H. Ravenshaw,
2324:978-81-208-1250-5
2252:Kapadia, Aparna.
2237:. 20 March 2019.
2161:978-81-208-0690-0
1996:Fergusson in his
1961:William Francklin
1837:. An outbreak of
1574:Chinese porcelain
1527:. The city had a
1510:Alauddin Ali Shah
1394:Ali Mardan Khalji
1276:border checkpoint
1268:Rajshahi Division
1234:24.867°N 88.133°E
440:William Francklin
428:history of Bengal
312:
311:
224:Rajshahi division
137:Show map of India
77:Baro Shona Masjid
65:Choto Sona Mosque
16:(Redirected from
4346:
4269:Bengal Sultanate
4178:Bikrampur Vihara
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3923:India portal
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3873:Related topics
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2584:
2583:External links
2581:
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2535:Chisholm, Hugh
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1949:British Museum
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1742:
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1645:
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1624:Sher Shah Suri
1562:Krittibas Ojha
1525:Fatehpur Sikri
1473:
1470:
1420:in the south,
1405:
1402:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1364:
1361:
1312:
1309:
1288:
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1283:
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1256:Malda district
1239:24.867; 88.133
1212:
1209:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1157:
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1140:
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1128:
1123:
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677:
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459:
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451:
450:
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447:
444:
409:Sher Shah Suri
351:medieval India
310:
309:
306:
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301:
298:
294:
293:
289:
288:
285:
281:
280:
277:
273:
272:
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264:
232:
228:
227:
215:Malda district
212:
208:
207:
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199:
189:
180:
179:
173:
172:
171:
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161:
152:
151:
145:
144:
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133:
124:
123:
117:
116:
115:
114:
105:
96:
95:
89:
88:
87:
86:
85:
82:
81:
58:
32:Gauḍa (region)
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4351:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
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4203:Mahasthangarh
4201:
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3995:Baneswardanga
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3857:Neighbourhood
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3526:English Bazar
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3171:Yusuf-Zulekha
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2685:Sikandar Shah
2683:
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2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2554:Eastern India
2551:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2530:public domain
2519:
2518:
2505:
2498:
2492:
2485:
2484:Chisholm 1911
2480:
2478:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2451:
2449:9780520205079
2445:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2422:Chisholm 1911
2418:
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2078:Metcalfe Hall
2073:
2071:
2067:
2059:
2054:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2022:According to
2016:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1987:
1983:
1982:Faria y Sousa
1962:
1957:
1950:
1946:
1941:
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1828:
1824:
1817:Mughal period
1807:
1802:
1799:
1798:Tomb of Cyrus
1792:
1787:
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1550:Sri Chaitanya
1547:
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1534:
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1526:
1521:
1519:
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1507:
1503:
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1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
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1431:
1427:
1424:in the west,
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1390:Shiran Khalji
1387:
1372:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1333:Lord of Gauda
1330:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:Gauda Kingdom
1294:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1201:
1194:
1188:
1171:
1154:
1137:
1120:
1103:
1086:
1067:
1050:
1033:
1016:
999:
982:
965:
948:
931:
914:
897:
880:
863:
846:
829:
812:
795:
778:
761:
742:
725:
708:
691:
674:
657:
640:
589:
463:
456:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
401:Mughal Empire
397:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:Gauda Kingdom
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:Lakshmanavati
328:
324:
320:
316:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
261:
233:
229:
225:
220:
216:
213:
209:
205:
201:
177:
149:
121:
93:
83:
79:, Ballal Bati
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
56:
51:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4188:Halud Vihara
4075:Karnasubarna
4044:
3985:Ballal Dhipi
3885:Malda topics
3824:Sahazalalpur
3744:Bulbulchandi
3719:Baisnabnagar
3541:Jagannathpur
3501:Bara Suzapur
3119:Qasba Mosque
3074:Bagha Mosque
3049:Adina Mosque
3043:Architecture
2962:Khalifatabad
2943:Mint Towns:
2938:Subdivisions
2838:(1494–1538)
2740:Raja Ganesha
2728:Raja Ganesha
2675:(1342–1414)
2597:India portal
2573:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2542:
2503:
2491:
2467:
2458:
2435:
2429:
2417:
2408:
2387:
2384:"Gaur, City"
2360:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2313:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2266:
2257:
2247:
2229:
2215:cite journal
2188:
2184:
2174:
2165:
2150:
2140:
2129:
2125:"Gaur"
2116:
2091:
2074:
2063:
2058:Kotwali Gate
2048:Preservation
2034:glazed tiles
2023:
2021:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1965:
1875:
1867:Bengal Delta
1852:
1826:
1820:
1767:
1617:
1594:
1566:glazed tiles
1522:
1499:
1468:once again.
1458:Gour Kingdom
1456:against the
1407:
1383:
1369:Sena dynasty
1366:
1363:Sena kingdom
1352:
1340:
1332:
1322:
1293:Gupta Empire
1290:
1214:
1199:
1108:Bara Suzapur
1038:Jagannathpur
851:Baisnabnagar
606:Ganges River
601:Tangon River
425:
419:and then in
398:
387:
363:Gauḍa region
355:capital city
353:, being the
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:
308:16th century
44:
4243:Vasu Vihara
4060:Jagjivanpur
3972:West Bengal
3864:Mangal Bari
3656:Daulatnagar
3556:Kachu Pukur
3516:Chhatinamor
3162:Literature
3129:Sura Mosque
3059:Firoz Minar
3014:Chandradwip
2619:Gour-Pandua
2609:Banglapedia
2409:Banglapedia
2388:Banglapedia
2361:Banglapedia
2357:"Lakhnauti"
2295:Banglapedia
2291:"Shashanka"
2038:Firoz Minar
1947:, 1477 AD,
1849:Abandonment
1586:Min Saw Mon
1578:Nusrat Shah
1556:mentions a
1398:Iwaz Khalji
1339:, the term
1337:D. C. Sicar
1325:Pala Empire
1311:Pala Empire
1260:West Bengal
1237: /
300:7th century
255: /
231:Coordinates
219:West Bengal
61:Firoz Minar
4263:Categories
4193:Gokul Medh
4173:Bhitargarh
4165:Bangladesh
4140:Tamralipta
4090:Mongalkote
4085:Moghalmari
4050:Gobindapur
3839:Sultanganj
3799:Mathurapur
3681:Mashaldaha
3591:Rangabhita
3571:Krishnapur
3486:Baliadanga
3481:Baksinagar
3192:Education
3019:Pratapgarh
2900:(1564–76)
2767:(1435–87)
2724:(1414–35)
2549:endnotes:
2515:References
2102:Malda Town
2098:Gour Malda
1843:wilderness
1839:the plague
1835:Shah Shuja
1730:terracotta
1632:Munim Khan
1605:Chittagong
1597:courtyards
1537:Portuguese
1492:, Chinese
1450:Shah Jalal
1434:Mymensingh
1159:Baliadanga
987:Krishnapur
749:checkpoint
696:Mathurapur
628:Sultanganj
394:Portuguese
335:Jannatabad
271:Settlement
221:(in India)
4238:Sonargaon
4208:Mainamati
4125:Saptagram
4025:Debalgarh
4005:Bharatpur
3834:Singhabad
3794:Mathabari
3789:Manikchak
3784:Maheshpur
3779:Mahadipur
3769:Kaliachak
3729:Bangitola
3724:Bamangola
3676:Malatipur
3651:Araidanga
3631:Locations
3586:Old Malda
3491:Bamangram
3425:municipal
2982:Fatehabad
2952:Sonargaon
2924:1572-1576
2912:1565-1572
2906:1564-1565
2890:1563-1564
2884:1561-1563
2875:1554-1555
2862:1533-1538
2850:1518-1533
2844:1494-1518
2828:1490-1494
2822:1489-1490
2816:1487-1489
2797:1481-1487
2785:1474-1481
2779:1459-1474
2773:1435-1459
2754:1433-1435
2748:1418-1433
2742:1416-1418
2736:1415-1416
2730:1414-1415
2708:1413-1414
2699:1411-1413
2693:1390-1411
2687:1358-1390
2681:1342-1358
2277:The Hindu
2258:Scroll.in
2148:(1971) .
2088:Transport
1945:Yusufshah
1726:Arabesque
1638:in 1576.
1609:Sonargaon
1580:enjoying
1494:porcelain
1438:Sonargaon
1408:In 1281,
1305:Shashanka
1125:Bamangram
885:Old Malda
834:Bangitola
766:Kaliachak
747:Mahadipur
730:Manikchak
713:Mothabari
611:Mahananda
446:Geography
371:Shashanka
347:classical
327:Lakhnauti
305:Abandoned
240:24°52′0″N
18:Lakhnauti
4135:Sutanuti
4105:Pakhanna
4080:Mahisdal
4065:Kalikata
4030:Deulpota
4010:Haraipur
3804:Pakuahat
3774:Madnahar
3764:Hatimari
3759:Habibpur
3749:Dariapur
3734:Bedrabad
3691:Pukhuria
3606:Sonatala
3601:Silampur
3581:Nazirpur
3546:Jalalpur
3511:Chaspara
3496:Bandhail
3448:Chanchal
3166:Dobhashi
3010:Realms:
2972:Chatgaon
2763:Restored
2641:a series
2639:Part of
2311:(1996).
2239:Archived
2207:41787985
2068:and the
2030:moulding
1827:tahkhana
1769:Do-chala
1601:Eurasian
1558:fountain
1357:Bengalis
1301:Samatata
1211:Location
1091:Chaspara
1021:Jalalpur
953:Nazirpur
936:Silampur
919:Sonatala
817:Bedrabad
783:Dariapur
594:Kalindri
430:and the
417:Rajmahal
279:7 1/8 km
243:88°8′0″E
211:Location
4150:Telkupi
3990:Bangarh
3844:Sujapur
3829:Sattari
3819:Pubarun
3596:Sahapur
3551:Jhangra
3536:Jadupur
3506:Birodhi
3476:Bagbari
3225:Warfare
3211:Economy
3156:Culture
3002:Mrauk U
2997:Jaunpur
2992:Cuttack
2967:Satgaon
2570:(1876);
2563:(1878);
2532::
2094:Kolkata
2082:Kolkata
1975:⁄
1831:khanqah
1620:Humayun
1613:Satgaon
1529:citadel
1418:Satgaon
1353:Gaudiya
1282:History
1272:citadel
1225:88°08′E
1222:24°52′N
1176:Bagbari
1074:Suzapur
1055:Jadupur
662:Pubarun
645:Sattari
577:Birodhi
405:Humayun
297:Founded
292:History
4319:Maldah
4120:Rajpat
4115:Pandua
4100:Natsal
4095:Nanoor
3980:Bahiri
3964:Bengal
3814:Pandua
3739:Bhutni
3671:Kharba
3666:Khanta
3566:Kendua
3531:Gazole
3471:Alipur
3430:census
3421:Cities
3029:Srihat
3024:Rohang
2947:Pandua
2643:on the
2526:
2446:
2321:
2205:
2191:: 24.
2158:
1986:walled
1855:Ganges
1533:durbar
1514:Pandua
1426:Devkot
1349:script
1329:Gopala
1142:Alipur
1072:Chhota
800:Bhutni
477:5miles
413:Ganges
383:Ghurid
359:Bengal
339:Bengal
287:1–2 km
276:Length
4155:Tilpi
4145:Tanda
4130:Sijua
4045:Gauda
4040:Dhosa
4035:Dihar
4000:Betor
3701:Samsi
3696:Ratua
3576:Milki
3432:towns
2977:Tanda
2500:(DOC)
2203:S2CID
2167:site.
2108:Notes
1863:Padma
1570:harem
1490:tiles
1422:Bihar
1384:On a
1341:Gauda
970:Milki
902:Malda
618:Gauda
613:River
596:River
421:Dhaka
315:Gauḍa
284:Width
48:Gauḍa
4070:Kana
3754:Gaur
3466:Aiho
3428:and
2987:Hajo
2957:Gaur
2918:1572
2856:1533
2810:1487
2791:1481
2714:1414
2630:Gaud
2605:Gaur
2561:Gaur
2539:Gaur
2444:ISBN
2319:ISBN
2221:link
2156:ISBN
2064:The
2056:The
2042:ghat
1991:moat
1772:tomb
1728:and
1611:and
1582:polo
1542:moat
1436:and
1396:and
1323:The
1262:and
438:and
349:and
333:and
323:Gour
319:Gaur
268:Type
38:and
2607:at
2541:".
2193:doi
1266:of
1258:of
475:8km
357:of
4265::
3423:,
3347:,
2502:.
2476:^
2466:.
2442:.
2438:.
2407:.
2396:^
2386:.
2369:^
2359:.
2341:.
2293:.
2275:.
2256:.
2217:}}
2213:{{
2201:.
2187:.
2183:.
2164:.
2128:.
2080:,
1607:,
1592:.
1359:.
1347:,
1181:CT
1164:CT
1147:CT
1130:CT
1113:CT
1096:CT
1079:CT
1060:CT
1043:CT
1026:CT
1009:CT
992:CT
975:CT
958:CT
941:CT
924:CT
822:RV
582:CT
423:.
329:,
325:,
321:,
217:,
71:,
67:,
3955:e
3948:t
3941:v
3336:e
3329:t
3322:v
3302:e
3295:t
3288:v
2506:.
2470:.
2452:.
2411:.
2390:.
2363:.
2345:.
2327:.
2297:.
2260:.
2223:)
2209:.
2195::
2189:4
2120:"
1977:8
1973:1
1970:+
1968:7
1951:.
907:M
890:M
873:F
856:R
839:R
805:R
788:R
771:R
754:R
735:R
718:R
701:R
684:R
667:R
650:R
633:R
623:H
572:D
567:N
562:A
557:H
552:K
547:R
542:A
537:H
532:J
527:H
522:S
517:E
512:D
507:A
502:L
497:G
492:N
487:A
482:B
42:.
20:)
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