938:. In the United States, as of 2008, 16,500 people needed a kidney transplant. Of those, 5,000 died while waiting for a transplant. Currently, there is a shortage of donors, and in 2007 there were only 64,606 kidney transplants in the world. This shortage of donors is causing countries to place monetary value on kidneys. Countries such as Iran and Singapore are eliminating their lists by paying their citizens to donate. Also, the black market accounts for 5–10 percent of transplants that occur worldwide. The act of buying an organ through the black market is illegal in the United States. To be put on the waiting list for a kidney transplant, patients must first be referred by a physician, then they must choose and contact a donor hospital. Once they choose a donor hospital, patients must then receive an evaluation to make sure they are sustainable to receive a transplant. In order to be a match for a kidney transplant, patients must match blood type and
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van den Berg, Else; Hospers, Frédérique A. P.; Navis, Gerjan; Engberink, Marielle F.; Brink, Elizabeth J.; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; van Baak, Marleen A.; Gans, Rijk O. B.; Bakker, Stephan J. L. (2011-02-01). "Dietary acid load and rapid progression to end-stage renal disease of diabetic nephropathy in
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Brenner, B. M.; Meyer, T. W.; Hostetter, T. H. (1982-09-09). "Dietary protein intake and the progressive nature of kidney disease: the role of hemodynamically mediated glomerular injury in the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular sclerosis in aging, renal ablation, and intrinsic renal disease".
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Additional possible cause of nephropathy is due to the formation of cysts or pockets containing fluid within the kidneys. These cysts become enlarged with the progression of aging causing renal failure. Cysts may also form in other organs including the liver, brain, and ovaries. Polycystic kidney
618:
Gabow 1990 talks about
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney disease and how this disease is genetic. They go on to say "Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease, affecting a half million Americans. The clinical phenotype can result from at least two
393:
has reported that "kidney diseases have risen from the world’s nineteenth leading cause of death to the ninth, with the number of deaths increasing by 95% between 2000 and 2021." In the United States, prevalence has risen from about one in eight in 2007, to one in seven in 2021.
837:(AKI) which can usually be due to volume depletion from vomiting and diarrhea that occur following chemotherapy or occasionally due to kidney toxicities of chemotherapeutic agents. Kidney failure from break down of cancer cells, usually after chemotherapy, is unique to
696:
which occurs some time (weeks) after initial infection. Less commonly gastrointestinal or urinary infection can be the inciting agent. All of these infections have in common the activation of mucosal defenses and hence IgA antibody production.
1805:
Banerjee, Tanushree; Crews, Deidra C.; Wesson, Donald E.; Tilea, Anca; Saran, Rajiv; Rios
Burrows, Nilka; Williams, Desmond E.; Powe, Neil R.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Kidney Disease Surveillance Team (2014-01-01).
650:
may be protective against kidney function decline. This may be because sources of animal protein, animal fat, and cholesterol, and sweets are more acid-producing, while fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains are more
619:
different gene defects. One gene that can cause ADPKD has been located on the short arm of chromosome 16." The same article also goes on to say that millions of
Americans are effected by this disease and is very common.
553:(NSAIDs). This form of nephropathy is "chronic analgesic nephritis," a chronic inflammatory change characterized by loss and atrophy of tubules and interstitial fibrosis and inflammation (BRS Pathology, 2nd ed.).
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Coresh, Josef; Selvin, Elizabeth; Stevens, Lesley A.; Manzi, Jane; Kusek, John W.; Eggers, Paul; Van Lente, Frederick; Levey, Andrew S. (2007-11-07). "Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States".
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disease is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the PKD1, PKD2, and PKHD1 genes. This disease affects about half a million people in the US. Polycystic kidneys are susceptible to infections and cancer.
2000:
Idee, J.-; Boehm, J.; Prigent, P.; Ballet, S.; Corot, C. (2006). "Role of
Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Contrast Media-induced Nephropathy and Hints for its Possible Prevention by Drug Treatment".
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Kidney disease can have serious consequences if it cannot be controlled effectively. Generally, the progression of kidney disease is from mild to serious. Some kidney diseases can cause
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Deriemaeker, Peter; Aerenhouts, Dirk; Hebbelinck, Marcel; Clarys, Peter (2010-03-01). "Nutrient based estimation of acid-base balance in vegetarians and non-vegetarians".
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Borchers, Andrea T.; Leibushor, Naama; Naguwa, Stanley M.; Cheema, Gurtej S.; Shoenfeld, Yehuda; Gershwin, M. Eric (2012-12-01). "Lupus nephritis: a critical review".
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Silver, Samuel; Beaubien-Souligny, William; Shah, Prakesh; Harel, Shai; Blum, Daniel; Kishibe, Teruko; Meraz-Muñoz, Alejandro; Wald, Ron; Harel, Ziv (2020-12-08).
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is associated with kidney disease. In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, the prevalence of acute kidney injury is estimated to be 28%, and the prevalence of
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is defined as prolonged kidney abnormalities (functional and/or structural in nature) that last for more than three months. Acute kidney disease is now termed
901:
Treatment approaches for kidney disease focus on managing the symptoms, controlling the progression, and also treating co-morbidities that a person may have.
389:
Rates for both chronic kidney disease and mortality have increased, associated with the rising prevalence of diabetes and the ageing global population. The
1395:"Association of dietary patterns with albuminuria and kidney function decline in older white women: a subgroup analysis from the Nurses' Health Study"
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Pathologic kidney specimen showing marked pallor of the cortex, contrasting to the darker areas of surviving medullary tissue. The patient died with
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1867:"A comparison of treating metabolic acidosis in CKD stage 4 hypertensive kidney disease with fruits and vegetables or sodium bicarbonate"
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Portilla D, Safar AM, Shannon ML, Penson RT. "Cisplatin nephrotoxicity". In: UpToDate, Palevsky PM (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA, 2013.
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2127:"Hypertension Induced by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway Inhibition: Mechanisms and Potential Use as a Biomarker"
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Nephropathy can be associated with some therapies used to treat cancer. The most common form of kidney disease in cancer patients is
2775:
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967:
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2817:
1291:"The Prevalence of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"
646:, a sign of kidney function decline, and generally, diets higher in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains but lower in meat and
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719:(AKI). Currently, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. But there is a body of evidence that several factors including
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kidney disease and has several types according to the location of the inflammation. Inflammation can be diagnosed by
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1511:"Estimation of the net acid load of the diet of ancestral preagricultural Homo sapiens and their hominid ancestors"
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Sebastian, Anthony; Frassetto, Lynda A.; Sellmeyer, Deborah E.; Merriam, Renée L.; Morris, R. Curtis (2002-12-01).
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Gabow, Patricia A. (1 November 1990). "Autosomal
Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease – More Than a Renal Disease".
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1701:"Estimated net endogenous acid production and serum bicarbonate in African Americans with chronic kidney disease"
56:
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792:. Xanthine is not very soluble in water; therefore, an increase in xanthine forms crystals (which can lead to
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Scialla, Julia J.; Appel, Lawrence J.; Astor, Brad C.; Miller, Edgar R.; Beddhu, Srinivasan; Woodward, Mark;
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17:
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Kim, Kun Hyung; Lee, Myeong Soo; Kim, Tae-Hun; Kang, Jung Won; Choi, Tae-Young; Lee, Jae Dong (2016-06-28).
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Robinson, Emily S.; Khankin, Eliyahu V.; Karumanchi, S. Ananth; Humphreys, Benjamin D. (1 November 2010).
368:, the complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease, where
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remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis.
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Millions of people across the world have kidney disease. Of those millions, several thousand will need
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Kanda, Eiichiro; Ai, Masumi; Kuriyama, Renjiro; Yoshida, Masayuki; Shiigai, Tatsuo (2014-01-01).
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Higher dietary intake of animal protein, animal fat, and cholesterol may increase risk for
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8:
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Hansen, Kristoffer
Lindskov; Nielsen, Michael Bachmann; Ewertsen, Caroline (2015-12-23).
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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in the glomerulus. The classic presentation (in 40–50% of the cases) is episodic frank
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D'Amico, G (1987). "The commonest glomerulonephritis in the world: IgA nephropathy".
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throughout the world
Primary IgA nephropathy is characterized by deposition of the
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893:). An ultrasound is essential in the diagnosis and management of kidney disease.
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1808:"Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States"
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2013:
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1003:"Acupuncture and related interventions for symptoms of chronic kidney disease"
845:, are associated with acute and chronic kidney injuries. Newer agents such as
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One cause of nephropathy is the long term usage of pain medications known as
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is non-inflammatory kidney disease. Nephritis and nephrosis can give rise to
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Goraya, Nimrit; Simoni, Jan; Jo, Chan-Hee; Wesson, Donald E. (2013-03-01).
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and is marked by the sudden reduction in kidney function over seven days.
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GrĂĽnfeld, JP; Rossier, BC (May 2009). "Lithium nephrotoxicity revisited".
1986:
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Lin, Julie; Fung, Teresa T.; Hu, Frank B.; Curhan, Gary C. (2011-02-01).
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Another possible cause of Kidney disease is due to decreased function of
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James, Matthew T; Hemmelgarn, Brenda R; Tonelli, Marcello (2010-04-10).
1648:"Is dietary Acid a modifiable risk factor for nephropathy progression?"
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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
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or its salts. Chronic conditions that can produce nephropathy include
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1758:"Dietary acid intake and kidney disease progression in the elderly"
1338:"Associations of diet with albuminuria and kidney function decline"
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factors with their donors. They must also have no reactions to the
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Kidney disease induced by iodinated contrast media (ICM) is called
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2002:
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in
Medicinal Chemistry
1508:
1452:"Metabolic acidosis and the progression of chronic kidney disease"
849:(anti-VEGF) are also associated with similar injuries, as well as
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Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease caused by
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541:. The pain medicines which can cause kidney problems include
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1105:"Early recognition and prevention of chronic kidney disease"
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which usually starts within a day or two of a non-specific
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Deaths due to kidney diseases per million persons in 2012
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http://www.uptodate.com/contents/cisplatin-nephrotoxicity
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Plant Foods for Human
Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
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Lin, Julie; Hu, Frank B.; Curhan, Gary C. (2010-05-01).
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975:, an enigmatic chronic kidney disease of Central America
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1999:
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Clinical
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
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Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
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Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
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respectively. Kidney disease usually causes a loss of
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Tabarrok, Alex (January 8, 2010). "The Meat Market".
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598:. It is particularly associated with poorly managed
2176:"Ultrasonography of the Kidney: A Pictorial Review"
1217:"Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States, 2023"
780:degradation pathway. Xanthine oxidase will degrade
606:in many developed countries. It is classified as a
472:Causes of kidney disease include deposition of the
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2239:
2237:
2235:
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1646:Goraya, Nimrit; Wesson, Donald E. (2014-01-01).
1450:Chen, Wei; Abramowitz, Matthew K. (2014-01-01).
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841:. Several chemotherapeutic agents, for example
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761:
144:Please review the contents of the article and
2910:Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
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1000:
746:; its long-term use can lead to nephropathy.
556:Specifically, long-term use of the analgesic
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614:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
1972:
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1007:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
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71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1515:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
1242:Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
1058:Imai, Enyu; Matsuo, Seiichi (2008-06-28).
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227:Learn how and when to remove this message
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968:Hematologic Diseases Information Service
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2776:Membranoproliferative/mesangiocapillary
1699:; Anderson, Cheryl A. M. (2011-07-01).
873:of suspected kidney disease includes a
847:anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
14:
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796:) and result in damage to the kidney.
734:, a medication commonly used to treat
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2370:
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694:post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
2619:Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome
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551:nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
113:
77:
36:
1605:The New England Journal of Medicine
1399:American Journal of Kidney Diseases
1256:American Journal of Kidney Diseases
669:IgA nephropathy is the most common
24:
2396:
915:
658:
25:
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1559:Westernized South Asian people".
991:
808:Polycystic disease of the kidneys
686:upper respiratory tract infection
364:to some degree and can result in
52:This article has multiple issues.
2900:Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
2711:Disease of the kidney glomerules
2143:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.09.007
1060:"Chronic kidney disease in Asia"
723:-induction seem to play a role.
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27:Damage to or disease of a kidney
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823:Toxicity of chemotherapy agents
608:small blood vessel complication
60:or discuss these issues on the
1762:American Journal of Nephrology
1652:American Journal of Nephrology
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1234:
1209:
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1141:
1096:
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1019:10.1002/14651858.CD009440.pub2
754:Despite expensive treatments,
744:nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
515:(hypertension), which lead to
499:, and a long-term exposure to
376:is the only treatment option.
146:add the appropriate references
13:
1:
1268:10.1016/S0272-6386(12)80051-5
1121:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)62004-3
1076:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60928-9
984:
526:
324:, technically referred to as
2084:10.1016/j.autrev.2012.08.018
1149:"The top 10 causes of death"
949:
896:
864:
713:contrast induced nephropathy
602:and is a primary reason for
505:systemic lupus erythematosus
7:
2771:Endocapillary proliferative
2416:Template:Glomerular disease
1617:10.1056/NEJM198209093071104
961:
904:
768:Xanthine oxidase deficiency
762:Xanthine oxidase deficiency
622:
567:
489:xanthine oxidase deficiency
131:reliable medical references
10:
2972:
2505:Balkan endemic nephropathy
2261:"How Organ Donations Work"
2259:Scheve, Tom (7 May 2008).
2193:10.3390/diagnostics6010002
2014:10.2174/187152306776872442
1411:10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.09.027
1307:10.1016/j.xkme.2020.11.008
946:from the donor's kidneys.
919:
908:
859:thrombotic microangiopathy
826:
811:
765:
726:
715:(CIN) or contrast-induced
704:
662:
571:
564:(necrotizing papillitis).
530:
253:Renal disease, nephropathy
29:
2922:
2886:
2853:Type III hypersensitivity
2847:
2825:
2809:
2784:
2756:
2728:
2717:
2596:
2553:
2540:Renovascular hypertension
2515:
2485:
2425:
2404:
2316:
1936:10.1007/s11130-009-0149-5
814:Polycystic kidney disease
804:, can cause nephropathy.
740:schizoaffective disorders
632:renal replacement therapy
596:scarring of the glomeruli
590:. It is characterized by
397:
391:World Health Organization
299:
275:
266:
257:
249:
244:
137:or relies too heavily on
91:This article needs to be
2905:Microscopic polyangiitis
2831:Type II hypersensitivity
2641:Renal papillary necrosis
2535:Hypertensive nephropathy
1825:10.1186/1471-2369-15-137
1187:10.1001/jama.298.17.2038
973:Mesoamerican nephropathy
749:
707:Iodinated contrast media
701:Iodinated contrast media
562:renal papillary necrosis
521:hypertensive nephropathy
30:Not to be confused with
2766:Mesangial proliferative
2545:Renal cortical necrosis
1469:10.1186/1471-2369-15-55
940:human leukocyte antigen
637:
634:is estimated to be 9%.
2581:Chronic kidney disease
2495:Interstitial nephritis
2452:Acute tubular necrosis
2435:Renal tubular acidosis
2131:Seminars in Nephrology
2041:10.1038/nrneph.2009.43
1528:10.1093/ajcn/76.6.1308
922:Kidney transplantation
469:
380:Chronic kidney disease
2871:diffuse proliferative
2604:Analgesic nephropathy
2525:Renal artery stenosis
1561:Journal of Nephrology
891:renal ultrasonography
533:Analgesic nephropathy
405:
2839:Goodpasture syndrome
2609:Renal osteodystrophy
2072:Autoimmunity Reviews
1883:10.2215/CJN.02430312
1717:10.2215/CJN.00150111
1573:10.5301/jn.2010.5711
1354:10.2215/CJN.08001109
879:physical examination
574:Diabetic nephropathy
517:diabetic nephropathy
483:, administration of
2576:Acute renal failure
2246:Wall Street Journal
1244:, 18th ed., p. 2982
1115:(9722): 1296–1309.
1070:(9631): 2147–2148.
835:acute kidney injury
717:acute kidney injury
560:has been linked to
513:high blood pressure
497:chemotherapy agents
384:acute kidney injury
269:acute kidney injury
2935:glomerulonephrosis
2930:glomerulonephritis
2861:Post-streptococcal
2667:Reflux nephropathy
2624:Diabetes insipidus
2406:Glomerular disease
2287:www.kidneylink.org
2283:"The Waiting List"
671:glomerulonephritis
592:nephrotic syndrome
470:
358:nephrotic syndrome
354:nephritic syndrome
328:, is damage to or
2943:
2942:
2918:
2917:
2805:
2804:
2730:Non-proliferative
2677:
2676:
2554:General syndromes
2475:Liddle's syndrome
2470:Gitelman syndrome
2364:
2363:
1775:10.1159/000358262
1665:10.1159/000358602
1181:(17): 2038–2047.
932:kidney transplant
871:diagnostic workup
800:inhibitors, like
600:diabetes mellitus
509:diabetes mellitus
374:kidney transplant
315:
314:
239:Medical condition
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112:
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16:(Redirected from
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2681:
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2465:Bartter syndrome
2460:Fanconi syndrome
2391:
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2314:
2313:
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2301:
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2289:. Archived from
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2164:
2154:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2024:
2018:
2017:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1981:(245): 709–727.
1970:
1964:
1963:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1902:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1845:
1827:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1777:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1736:
1711:(7): 1526–1532.
1697:Parekh, Rulan S.
1692:
1686:
1685:
1667:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1530:
1521:(6): 1308–1316.
1506:
1500:
1499:
1489:
1471:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1430:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1373:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1251:
1245:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1038:
998:
979:Protein toxicity
889:of the kidneys (
798:Xanthine oxidase
774:xanthine oxidase
736:bipolar disorder
692:) as opposed to
644:microalbuminuria
523:, respectively.
474:Immunoglobulin A
465:
459:
453:
447:
441:
435:
429:
423:
417:
411:
295:
294:
262:
242:
241:
232:
225:
214:
213:
205:
202:
196:
194:
160:"Kidney disease"
153:
122:
121:
114:
107:
104:
98:
86:
85:
78:
67:
45:
44:
37:
21:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2956:Kidney diseases
2946:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2914:
2882:
2843:
2816:
2811:
2801:
2780:
2752:
2743:Focal segmental
2719:
2713:
2708:
2678:
2673:
2592:
2549:
2511:
2481:
2421:
2400:
2395:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2325:
2311:
2306:
2305:
2296:
2294:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2263:. HowStuffWorks
2257:
2253:
2242:
2227:
2172:
2168:
2123:
2119:
2111:
2107:
2068:
2064:
2029:Nat Rev Nephrol
2025:
2021:
1998:
1994:
1971:
1967:
1920:
1916:
1863:
1859:
1803:
1799:
1754:
1750:
1693:
1689:
1644:
1640:
1611:(11): 652–659.
1600:
1596:
1556:
1552:
1507:
1503:
1448:
1444:
1391:
1387:
1334:
1330:
1321:
1319:
1295:Kidney Medicine
1287:
1283:
1252:
1248:
1239:
1235:
1226:
1224:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1133:
1131:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1086:
1056:
1052:
1013:(6): CD009440.
999:
992:
987:
964:
952:
924:
918:
916:Transplantation
913:
911:Kidney dialysis
907:
899:
875:medical history
867:
831:
825:
816:
810:
770:
764:
756:lupus nephritis
752:
729:
709:
703:
667:
665:IgA nephropathy
661:
659:IgA nephropathy
640:
625:
616:
576:
570:
535:
529:
468:
467:
463:
461:
457:
455:
451:
449:
445:
443:
439:
437:
433:
431:
427:
425:
421:
419:
415:
413:
409:
400:
362:kidney function
289:
240:
233:
222:
221:
220:
215:
211:
206:
200:
197:
154:
143:
139:primary sources
123:
119:
108:
102:
99:
96:
87:
83:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2969:
2959:
2958:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2820:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2738:Minimal change
2734:
2732:
2723:
2715:
2714:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2684:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2657:Hydronephrosis
2645:
2644:
2643:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2568:
2563:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2530:Renal ischemia
2527:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2500:Pyelonephritis
2491:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2431:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2398:Kidney disease
2394:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2346:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:Classification
2310:
2309:External links
2307:
2304:
2303:
2274:
2251:
2225:
2166:
2137:(6): 591–601.
2117:
2105:
2078:(2): 174–194.
2062:
2035:(5): 270–276.
2019:
2008:(2): 139–146.
1992:
1965:
1914:
1877:(3): 371–381.
1857:
1812:BMC Nephrology
1797:
1768:(2): 145–152.
1748:
1687:
1658:(2): 142–144.
1638:
1594:
1550:
1501:
1456:BMC Nephrology
1442:
1405:(2): 245–254.
1385:
1348:(5): 836–843.
1328:
1281:
1262:(5): 403–413.
1246:
1240:Longo et al.,
1233:
1208:
1164:
1140:
1095:
1050:
989:
988:
986:
983:
982:
981:
976:
970:
963:
960:
956:kidney failure
951:
948:
920:Main article:
917:
914:
909:Main article:
906:
903:
898:
895:
866:
863:
839:onconephrology
829:Onconephrology
827:Main article:
824:
821:
812:Main article:
809:
806:
766:Main article:
763:
760:
751:
748:
728:
725:
705:Main article:
702:
699:
690:synpharyngitic
663:Main article:
660:
657:
653:base-producing
639:
636:
624:
621:
615:
612:
572:Main article:
569:
566:
531:Main article:
528:
525:
462:
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
420:
414:
408:
407:
399:
396:
366:kidney failure
318:Kidney disease
313:
312:
303:
297:
296:
279:
273:
272:
264:
263:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
245:Kidney disease
238:
235:
234:
217:
216:
209:
207:
126:
124:
117:
110:
109:
90:
88:
81:
76:
50:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2968:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2758:Proliferative
2755:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2716:
2712:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2636:Renal papilla
2634:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2571:Renal failure
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2387:
2385:
2380:
2378:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2319:
2315:
2293:on 2017-07-13
2292:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2262:
2255:
2247:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2170:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1691:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1554:
1546:
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1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1446:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1237:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1168:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
997:
995:
990:
980:
977:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
959:
957:
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
923:
912:
902:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
869:The standard
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
830:
820:
815:
805:
803:
799:
795:
794:kidney stones
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
769:
759:
757:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
724:
722:
718:
714:
708:
698:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
676:
672:
666:
656:
654:
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
620:
611:
610:of diabetes.
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
575:
565:
563:
559:
554:
552:
548:
547:acetaminophen
544:
540:
534:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:
466: 187–343
460: 161–186
454: 136–160
448: 121–135
442: 111–120
404:
395:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:renal disease
319:
311:
307:
304:
302:
301:Complications
298:
293:
287:
283:
280:
278:
274:
270:
265:
261:
256:
252:
248:
243:
231:
228:
208:
204:
193:
190:
186:
183:
179:
176:
172:
169:
165:
162: –
161:
157:
156:Find sources:
151:
147:
141:
140:
136:
132:
127:This article
125:
116:
115:
106:
94:
89:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
18:Kidney damage
2892:Pauci-immune
2888:Type III RPG
2785:By condition
2662:Pyonephrosis
2614:Nephroptosis
2487:Interstitium
2413:
2397:
2348:
2329:
2295:. Retrieved
2291:the original
2286:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2254:
2245:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2108:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1930:(1): 77–82.
1927:
1923:
1917:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1815:
1811:
1800:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1708:
1704:
1690:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1608:
1604:
1597:
1567:(1): 11–17.
1564:
1560:
1553:
1518:
1514:
1504:
1459:
1455:
1445:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1320:. Retrieved
1298:
1294:
1284:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1225:. Retrieved
1223:. 2024-05-15
1220:
1211:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:
1143:
1132:. Retrieved
1112:
1108:
1098:
1087:. Retrieved
1067:
1063:
1053:
1010:
1006:
953:
925:
900:
868:
855:hypertension
832:
817:
788:and then to
782:hypoxanthine
771:
753:
742:, can cause
730:
710:
689:
668:
641:
626:
617:
594:and diffuse
577:
555:
536:
471:
436: 96–110
388:
378:
342:inflammatory
325:
321:
317:
316:
223:
198:
188:
181:
174:
167:
155:
135:verification
128:
100:
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
2849:Type II RPG
2797:Amyloidosis
2648:Major calyx
2629:Nephrogenic
2180:Diagnostics
1221:www.cdc.gov
1153:www.who.int
851:proteinuria
802:allopurinol
584:capillaries
430: 89–95
424: 80–88
418: 62–79
412: 16–61
346:blood tests
326:nephropathy
250:Other names
201:August 2019
129:needs more
103:August 2017
2827:Type I RPG
2748:Membranous
2297:2015-03-09
1322:2024-04-05
1227:2024-08-12
1158:2024-08-12
1134:2024-08-12
1109:The Lancet
1089:2024-08-12
1064:The Lancet
985:References
944:antibodies
887:ultrasound
883:urine test
580:angiopathy
558:phenacetin
539:analgesics
527:Analgesics
485:analgesics
481:glomerulus
477:antibodies
282:Nephrology
171:newspapers
57:improve it
32:neuropathy
2813:nephritic
2810:Primarily
2721:nephrotic
2718:Primarily
2566:Nephrosis
2561:Nephritis
2202:2075-4418
2092:1873-0183
1944:1573-9104
1891:1555-905X
1834:1471-2369
1784:1421-9670
1725:1555-905X
1674:1421-9670
1625:0028-4793
1581:1724-6059
1537:0002-9165
1478:1471-2369
1419:1523-6838
1362:1555-905X
1301:(1): 92.
1195:1538-3598
1027:1469-493X
950:Prognosis
936:end-stage
897:Treatment
885:, and an
865:Diagnosis
843:cisplatin
790:uric acid
721:apoptosis
682:hematuria
588:glomeruli
350:Nephrosis
338:Nephritis
277:Specialty
63:talk page
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