51:
1353:, the Book of Solomon and prophets. During the process of translation, Fabricius had to face a lot of difficulty due to the lack of enough printing paper in Tranquebar. After much effort in 1756 a version of the Psalms was finally printed. However the final translation of the Old Testament was not printed until 1798, almost a decade after Fabricius' death.
1305:. When the spoils of war were brought to Madras the printing press was passed on to Fabricius to aid his missionary work as well as to be used for the East India company's publications. Thus the first printing press in Madras was installed under Fabricius's supervision in 1761. Initially Fabricius had problems with importing
1345:
The New
Testament which emerged from the Press in 1758 was a peculiar combination; the first seven books had no sign of influence of Fabricius while the rest of the work was entirely the translation done by him. At last in 1766, Fabricius could print his translation of the New Testament from a press
1341:
had already begun, much to
Fabricius' disappointment. The printing process was also in full sway. At this point Fabricius decided to go back to Tranquebar and work with his colleagues on the Corinthians and Galatians. Fabricius' colleagues immediately realized the superiority of his work and decided
1329:
during his stay in Madras. As he read through the translation along with Muttu, Fabricius realized that changes had to be made to
Ziegenbalg's translation. "The four qualities which Fabricius found in the originals were lucidity, strength, brevity and appropriateness; these were sadly lacking in the
1368:
His last days in ministry were clouded by mismanagement of the mission, unsuccessful financial transactions among other failures. In 1778 the missionaries learned that
Fabricius had involved himself into quite a complex financial debt due to mismanagement of funds. Fabricius was imprisoned although
1312:
In 1779 he published the first Tamil to
English dictionary containing 9000 headwords. This work laid the foundation for his future works in Tamil literature. It was published under the title "A Malabar and English dictionary, wherein the words and phrases of the Tamil Language, commonly called by
1286:, most of them translated from German. The initial compositions by Ziegenbalg were not very well done and when Fabricius came to Madras he had this field of work entirely to himself and gained quite a mastery over this art. Even today hymns by Fabricius are sung by Christians in South India.
1525:. Fabricius published the Tamil grammar in English which was only sixty three pages long. This was published in 1778, and fifteen years later a revised edition came out. Fabricius also made excellent use of the work already done by Ziegenbalg in bringing out the Tamil-English lexicon.
1369:
his friends were allowed to visit him from time to time. At last
Gericke, who had taken over his work, was able to secure a release for Fabricius, so that he could spend his last few days in peace. Johann Philipp Fabricius died on 23 January 1791 in Madras.
1333:
In 1750 Fabricius finally completed his translation of the New
Testament. He was a diligent worker and made sure that he read out his work to a lot of people in order to get their feedback and response.
459:
1282:
An important area of work started initially by
Ziegenbalg and then later on taken up by Fabricius was Tamil Christian hymnody. Johann Philipp Fabricius published a collection of 335 Tamil
1349:
On 18 October 1756 Fabricius decided to focus his attention on the translation of the Old
Testament. He recognized that this would be infinitely more difficult because of the
1309:
for his press from Europe, but the problem was sorted out when
Indians in Madras started to manufacture their own paper, leading to first paper industry in Madras.
493:
1270:
from Europe. Benjamin Schultze and Johann Philipp Fabricius were the most noteworthy among them. Fabricius was Schultze’s successor and worked in
1606:
1313:
Europeans the Malabar Language, are explained in English, By the English Missionaries of Madras. Printed at Wepery in the Year M.DCC.LXXIX."
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17:
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to print his translation instead. They held the right to make corrections and suggestions whenever required.
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The Lutheran churches in South India used Fabricius' translation for a period of over 150 years. The poet
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http://www.missionmanual.org/search/?title=Johann_Philipp_Fabricius&printable=yes&printable=yes
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existing Tamil translation, but he hoped that by the help of God he had been able to restore them."
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1254:. After initial setbacks, the congregation grew from 300 to 2,200 members in his 30 years of
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paid tribute to this work by calling it "the golden translation of the immortal Fabricius."
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and expanded it during his stay. During his time in Madras he wrote several Christian
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1266:. During the course of 1720 to 1849, around seventy-nine missionaries came to
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Muslim Identity, Print Culture, and the Dravidian Factor in Tamil
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1177:
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1483:
Johann Philipp Fabricius". Mission Manual. 15 April 2007.
1227:
1218:
Johann Philipp Fabricius was born on 22 January 1711 in
1556:
Christianity in India:from beginnings to the present
1346:that the British government made available to him.
1321:Ziegenbalg had left behind his translations of the
1563:
1262:infrastructure in South India were laid down by
1234:at Universities in Giessen and Halle, Germany.
1549:A History of Christianity in India (1707–1858)
1542:https://books.google.com/books?id=EFwSuuwM-EsC
1523:https://books.google.com/books?id=11FYACaVySoC
1504:https://books.google.com/books?id=oQ8BFk9K0ToC
1210:to Tamil is considered to be most noteworthy.
1492:Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions
1180:in the later part of his life. He arrived in
1141:
206:Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope
1494:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 207.
1242:In 1740 Johann Philipp Fabricius arrived in
1532:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 24.
1199:in Tamil and published the first Tamil to
1163:(22 January 1711 – 23 January 1791) was a
1148:
1134:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1277:
1558:. Oxford University Press. pp. 152
1461:
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1451:
14:
1607:Tamil scholars of non-Tamil background
1564:
1206:. Of his works his translation of the
763:
1439:
1414:
1551:. Cambridge University Press. 43-45.
1448:
1430:
1405:
1316:
1597:Translators of the Bible into Tamil
1582:18th-century German Lutheran clergy
24:
1184:in 1740 to take charge of a small
177:Apology of the Augsburg Confession
25:
1638:
1513:. Orient Blackswan. pp. 80.
1554:Frykenberg, Robert Eric. (2008)
1339:first epistle of the Corinthians
1246:to take charge of a small Tamil
223:Distinctive theological concepts
49:
1622:18th-century German translators
1258:. Initially the foundations of
1592:Lutheran missionaries in India
647:John Christian Frederick Heyer
502:International Lutheran Council
13:
1:
1509:Prashant More, J. B. (2004).
1480:- Fabricius' editor in India.
1471:
1213:
27:German missionary and scholar
1587:German Lutheran missionaries
1363:
1337:By 1753 translations of the
911:Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
672:Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
7:
1627:German missionary linguists
1617:German expatriates in India
1372:
1237:
311:Priesthood of all believers
10:
1643:
1291:British East India Company
1054:Charles Porterfield Krauth
1019:Johannes Andreas Quenstedt
632:Johann Heinrich Callenberg
1490:Anderson, Gerald (1999).
507:Lutheran World Federation
494:Global Confessional &
233:Theology of Martin Luther
1528:Robert, Dana L. (2007).
1436:Frykenberg, Robert Eric.
1399:
1161:Johann Philipp Fabricius
764:Johann Phillip Fabricius
637:Johann Phillip Fabricius
595:Confessional Lutheranism
496:Missional Lutheran Forum
485:Confessional Evangelical
302:Two states of the Church
72:Start of the Reformation
18:Johann Philipp Fabricius
1487:. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
1389:Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
1264:Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
1226:. He graduated in both
868:Norwegian Bible Society
850:Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen
756:Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
682:Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen
622:Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
1602:18th-century linguists
1530:Converting Colonialism
1039:August Hermann Francke
883:Stanislovas Rapolionis
878:Samuel Ludwik Zasadius
746:Kristian Osvald Viderø
535:History of Lutheranism
1612:Clergy from Frankfurt
1384:Christianity in India
1278:Literary contribution
873:Swedish Bible Society
797:Guðbrandur Þorláksson
590:High church Lutherans
517:Lutheranism by region
415:Anointing of the Sick
350:Other relevant topics
333:Theology of the Cross
95:Doctrine and theology
1358:Vedanayagam Sastriar
1049:Lars Levi Laestadius
1024:Johann Wilhelm Baier
821:Nils Vibe Stockfleth
792:Johannes Avetaranian
677:Lars Olsen Skrefsrud
455:Lutheran hymnwriters
1297:, which was then a
1274:from 1740 to 1791.
1114:Wolfhart Pannenberg
1109:Dietrich Bonhoeffer
964:Johannes Bugenhagen
802:Ludvig Olsen Fossum
487:Lutheran Conference
460:Normative principle
440:Liturgical calendar
168:Augsburg Confession
1445:Prashant More,J.B.
959:Philip Melanchthon
954:Katharina von Bora
931:Johann Ernst GlĂĽck
891:Laurentius Andreae
782:George Constantine
726:Casiodoro de Reina
550:Lutheran orthodoxy
445:Calendar of saints
214:Formula of Concord
1538:978-0-8028-1763-1
1519:978-81-250-2632-7
1500:978-0-8028-4680-8
1317:Bible translation
1301:, and acquired a
1220:Frankfurt am Main
1158:
1157:
1064:Søren Kierkegaard
714:Bible Translators
692:Paul Olaf Bodding
575:Finnish Awakening
365:
364:
341:Sacramental Union
320:Divine Providence
197:Smalcald Articles
16:(Redirected from
1634:
1547:Neill, Stephen.
1478:Phines Rice Hunt
1466:
1463:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1427:Anderson, Gerald
1425:
1412:
1409:
1379:Constanzo Beschi
1250:congregation in
1191:congregation in
1150:
1143:
1136:
1074:Wilhelm Herrmann
1069:Albrecht Ritschl
1059:C. F. W. Walther
1044:Henry Muhlenberg
1014:Abraham Calovius
999:Matthias Flacius
984:Laurentius Petri
921:Mikołaj Jakubica
916:Antonio Brucioli
830:Laurentius Petri
707:Jens Christensen
702:Christian Keyser
667:F. C. D. Wyneken
545:Gnesio-Lutherans
540:Crypto-Lutherans
148:Athanasian Creed
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1293:forces invaded
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1094:Rudolf Bultmann
1089:Ernst Troeltsch
1079:F. W. Stellhorn
1004:Martin Chemnitz
994:Mikael Agricola
940:
936:William F. Beck
906:Jonas Bretkūnas
864:
860:Mikael Agricola
855:Sebastian Krelj
835:Martti Rautanen
772:William Tyndale
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731:Kjell Magne Yri
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657:Martti Rautanen
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560:Radical Pietism
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189:Large Catechism
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1104:Hermann Sasse
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840:PrimoĹľ Trubar
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787:Jozef Roháček
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721:Martin Luther
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697:Johann Flierl
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585:Neo-Lutherans
583:
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580:Old Lutherans
578:
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512:Denominations
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450:Lutheran hymn
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358:Homosexuality
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242:Justification
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118:New Testament
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113:Old Testament
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83:
82:Protestantism
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19:
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1394:Missionaries
1367:
1355:
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1336:
1332:
1320:
1311:
1288:
1281:
1259:
1241:
1217:
1160:
1159:
1099:Paul Tillich
1034:David Hollaz
974:Justus Jonas
952: /
942:
941:
926:Matthias Bel
828: /
809: /
713:
712:
636:
611:Missionaries
610:
478:Organization
465:Lutheran art
405:Confirmation
288:Two kingdoms
262:
255:
187: /
143:Nicene Creed
67:Christianity
1577:1791 deaths
1572:1711 births
1295:Pondicherry
1244:South India
1182:South India
1084:Rudolf Otto
989:Olaus Petri
979:Hans Tausen
943:Theologians
896:Hans Tausen
826:Olaus Petri
777:John Rogers
741:Aster Ganno
642:Paul Henkel
607:Key figures
570:Laestadians
420:Holy Orders
380:and worship
293:catholicity
274:Christology
257:Sola gratia
77:Reformation
43:Lutheranism
1566:Categories
1472:References
1268:Tranquebar
1214:Early life
1204:Dictionary
1171:missionary
811:Paul Egede
807:Hans Egede
751:Jákup Dahl
652:Karl Graul
627:Hans Egede
400:Confession
378:Sacraments
60:Background
1364:Last days
1289:In 1761,
1168:Christian
529:Movements
410:Matrimony
395:Eucharist
1373:See also
1325:and the
1256:ministry
1248:Lutheran
1238:Ministry
1232:theology
1189:Lutheran
565:Haugeans
555:Pietists
35:a series
33:Part of
1260:dubashi
1224:Germany
1201:English
1178:scholar
435:Vespers
390:Baptism
1536:
1517:
1498:
1351:Psalms
1272:Vepery
1252:Madras
1193:Madras
1173:and a
1165:German
430:Matins
128:Creeds
1400:Notes
1307:paper
1284:hymns
1208:Bible
1197:hymns
1186:Tamil
1175:Tamil
103:Bible
1534:ISBN
1515:ISBN
1496:ISBN
1230:and
1323:Old
1228:law
1568::
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1502:.
1450:^
1416:^
1222:,
37:on
1544:.
1506:.
1149:e
1142:t
1135:v
20:)
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