251:, where with $ 10,000 to $ 15,000, in a spectacular run of luck, he broke the bank of several large gambling establishments. He acquired a fortune variously said to be $ 50,000 or $ 175,000, sufficient to make him a wealthy man. He intended to return by steamboat to San Francisco, then take steamships to New York, where he could take care of his widowed mother, who had remained there when he and his brother had left for California. However, persuaded to attempt to make his fortune larger by gambling, he lost most of it, and never left for New York. Instead he became a noted gambler and horseman in San Francisco and at the resort of
267:"No matter how low the state of his finances, he was never without a good horse, caparisoned in the true Californian fashion; ... It had, however, this striking peculiarity, that it would never gallop straight forward towards any given point, but would advance in a sort of sidelong canter, very pleasing to behold, but requiring great skill on the part of the rider to maintain his seat. In this eccentric movement of the animal Power took great delight, for it afforded him opportunities of displaying his superior horsemanship."
240:" by a popular vigilante movement organized to rid the city of the gang after a particularly violent episode against a Chilean settlement in the city during the summer of 1849. On Monday, July 23, 1849, the vigilantes arrested and made prisoners of 20 of the Hounds, including John Power, who were then arraigned on charges of conspiracy, riot, robbery, and assault with intent to kill; all plead not guilty. While several others were convicted of various charges, Power was found not guilty on all charges.
397:) of being the head of a burglary ring that had been plaguing Los Angeles, a place Power often visited to gamble and race horses. Arrested on a warrant from Los Angeles by the Sheriff of Santa Barbara, he made bail but soon fled Santa Barbara, before a Los Angeles vigilante posse came for him on that charge. That he fled seemed understandable when the news came that the posse had summarily lynched two other men accused of being members of the Flores Daniel Gang while traveling through the area of the
316:
747:, met the four peons with a half-breed American (supposed to be Cherokee) on their road down to Sonora. The half-breed was riding Jack's horse. None of the party was leading any animals. It appears that Jack had row with his peons and they killed him, taking all his animals, and everything that was valuable, together with five horses. Mr. Boza of Calabasas, has for the present taken charge of Jack's stock.
25:
262:"... Jack Power, one of the sporting characters of the country. Jack had been a volunteer; and, on the disbanding of the regiment, becoming infected with the excitement and adventurous character of the wild life which he had led since his arrival in the country, had devoted himself entirely to gambling and horsemanship, in both of which accomplishments he greatly excelled."
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who left free, that took letters to Jack. Jack says he is no friend to filibusters, as the
Mexicans have treated him kindly, but will aid his countrymen whenever and wherever he can, who are peaceably traveling through the country or pursuing a legitimate calling in it. He says in a short time he will again visit California and face his enemies.
642:
Government and the
Mexicans generally, and in consequence is able to render great assistance to Americans traveling through the country, who are free to stop at Hermosillo. And to his credit be it said, that he has in all cases where it has come under his notice aided them. I know two parties myself,
516:
WHEREAS, IT IS REPRESENTED To me by the citizens of San Luis Obispo that several atrocious murders and robberies have recently been perpetrated at San Miguel, San Juan de
Capistrano, and Camate; and that upon the oath, of respectable men, these crimes have been charged upon the following persons, who
334:
to trade, some of whom were stealing horses or taking them at gun point. Two men with them were given up to the posse and stolen horses were recovered. These men had murdered a peddler and escaped jail in Santa
Barbara, and both also led a gang of horse thieves. They were subsequently tried and hung.
860:
Weekly Alta
California, Number 33, 16 August 1849, (Reported for the Alta California.) The Chilenos and other Foreigners in the city of San Francisco attacked by an Armed Party of Americans — Great Excitement — Meeting of the Citizens — Formation of a citizen armed Police — Arrest of the Rioters —
438:
At the end of the race Power "publicly offered to bet $ 5,000 that he would ride 50 miles in 2 hours; and that no other man in
California could perform the feat he had just accomplished;. ... The average time of the race is within a fraction of 23 miles an hour. Powers does not hesitate to assert
404:
Arrested in San
Francisco, Power fought extradition to Los Angeles while the vigilantes maintained influence there. Eventually he lost the fight in the California Supreme Court and was extradited to Los Angeles, but with the vigilantes no longer holding sway, the court in Los Angeles dismissed his
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of 200 who were about to attempt to eject him from his ranch by force. Twist was badly wounded but managed to kill his assailant, a
Californio summoned to serve in the posse. One of Power's friends, John Vidal, a fellow member of Power's company in the Stevenson Regiment, was killed and two others
346:
In 1853, a state court case regarding the Arroyo Burro rancho ended with a ruling in Den and Hill's favor. Power refused to leave his rancho after losing his court case in the state district and supreme courts, claiming it was not within the state's jurisdiction to decide the matter but rather the
223:
Power remained in the town as a gambler until late in the year, when he left for the mines with his brother-in-law in a party of other men of his regiment. One of those men, James Lynch, later wrote an account of that journey to the goldfields and of their return to San
Francisco for the winter of
739:
said they would come about daylight. On returning in the morning, they found several hogs at the house, and Jack Powers lying on the floor with his throat cut, and skull cracked by a blow on the head. The hogs had badly mangled his body. He was buried on the Sunday, by the farmers living around
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On Friday night, Montgomery and Smith called at his (Jack's) place, to ask if their (Montgomery & Smith's) hogs had been around. Jack said yes, and wished them to remain over night, as they would be sure to find them in the morning, when they came out of the tules. But
Montgomery and Smith
112:
in 1853. In 1856, at Santa Barbara, Powers protected a fugitive from the vigilantes of San Francisco and helped him escape. When his role was revealed the following year, he was harassed by vigilantes in Los Angeles, who accused him of being the leader of a criminal gang there. Long known for his
651:
Jack Powers left, a short time ago, for Arizona. He has, I believe, purchased a ranch a few miles from Tucson, on which he intends to keep some horses he bought to sell the government. He also has a contract for making brick for a new fort about to be put up by the United States. Powers has many
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The farthest any one horse was ridden at a time was 4 miles, and the least distance 1 mile. He ran at top speed the whole distance. On taking a new horse, he would spring from the saddle, run a few steps, to stretch his legs, and immediately vault into the saddle of the animal which awaited him.
735:, but on his arrival here, he learned that the mines were a failure, and so he stopped at this point.) On Thursday last Grundy Ake called to see Jack, and asked him if he was not afraid to stop with along with the Mexicans. He answered that his life was safer with Mexicans than Americans.
579:
After the state governor issued this $ 500 reward for him on May 31, Power, fearing arrest and delivery to vigilante justice in San Luis Obispo, was aided by friends in San Francisco who hid him from the police until he could flee the state on June 3, 1858 (~$ 17,608 in 2023). The August 27
359:
After a standoff for a period of time, Power was eventually persuaded to leave his ranch after he was granted a lease to harvest his crops and move his stock and possessions off the land. Following his loss of the rancho, Power continued living in Santa Barbara County, leasing a part of the
275:; "and one evening, with three or four others, gave a concert in the dining-saloon of the Parker House, which was suitably arranged for the occasion; and, although the tickets for admission were three dollars each, the attraction of our Nimrod's celebrity ensured a numerous attendance."
607:
Garcia, the one witness that placed Power at the scene of one of the gang's crimes, was hung by the vigilantes at San Luis Obispo on Tuesday, June 8, 1858. His hanging precluded his being held as a witness for a trial of Power, five days after Power had left San Francisco for Mexico.
848:
William A. Streeter and William Henry Ellison, Recollections of Historical Events in California, 1843–1878 (Concluded), California Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. 18, No. 3 (Sep., 1939), pp. 254-278, University of California Press in association with the California Historical
730:
to herd his cattle. The Apaches appearing on the ranch, he left for the Potrero ranch, occupied by Montgomery & Smith, and built a house half-a-mile from them, where he settled, with four peons, to herd his cattle. (I forgot to mention that he was on his way to the
384:, who came looking for McGowan in Santa Barbara. This earned Jack Power the enmity of that movement after McGowan released a book detailing his adventures and Power's role in aiding his escape. It earned Power the title of "The Notorious" before his name in the
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Done at Sacramento, California, this 31st day of May, A. D., One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty-Eight. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, and affixed the Great Seal of the State. JOHN B. WELLER. Attest: Ferris Forman, Secretary of State.
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were wounded. Power fled back to his rancho chased by some of the posse. Power and his friends including James Lynch, then visiting Santa Barbara, saw them off after they took a few shots at long distance and saw they were well-armed and ready for them.
652:
friends in Sonora and friends who would perhaps do as much for him as any he ever had in California. And of his whole conduct since he has been here has been most quiet and inoffensive, but little attention is paid to what is said of him in California.
288:
family after insulting the young ladies of the family. He was severely knifed by their young male relatives outside the house. Upon recovering from his wounds he swore to give up his wild life and settle down to a quieter, more industrious life.
216:, where they saw some action before the end of the war. Power and his company remained in Santa Barbara as a garrison, in relative idleness until the disbanding of the regiment in September 1848, just a few months after the beginning of the
709:
Some three months ago Jack Powers came up from Sonora with 500 head of cattle, also a lot of sheep and horses. He first stopped on what is known as the Potrero ranch, 4 miles north of the Line. Wishing to find better grass, he moved to the
463:, who had been discovered at a nearby rancho by a vigilante posse hunting for the gang. Power was accused in Garcia's possibly coerced confession of participating with the gang in the killing of two Basque cattlemen in late 1857 on the
191:
with many of his friends from New York. His brother was made a corporal. His brother-in-law, Charles Heffernan, enlisted in Company F, accompanied by his wife, John's sister. The New York Volunteers was a unit organized by Colonel
957:
Narrative of Edward McGowan, including a full account of the author's adventures and perils while persecuted by the San Francisco vigilance committee of 1856, together with a report of his trial, which resulted in his
283:
Power returned to Santa Barbara in 1851. From there he often traveled to San Francisco, Los Angeles and other places to gamble and race horses. During this time he was nearly killed at a ball given by a respected
235:
for the winter, he became a gambler there and also became associated with the San Francisco Society of Regulators. He was subsequently accused of being a member of the notorious anti-immigrant criminal gang
602:
for water. ... The notorious Jack Powers went down on the schooner from San Francisco to Guaymas, and was still there when the vessel left, notwithstanding the reports that he has lately been seen in Lower
877:
William Redmond Ryan, Personal adventures in Upper and Lower California, in 1848-9; with the author's experience at the mines. Illustrated by twenty-three drawings taken on the spot. W. Shoberl, London,
773:
Mason, Jesse D; History of Santa Barbara County, California, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers, Thompson & West, Oakland, Cal., 1883, Chap. XVI, XIX
455:
vigilantes. The gang was exposed by witnesses whom some of the gang had allowed to live, following the robbery and murder of two Frenchmen and the kidnapping of the wife of one of the victims at
983:
Daily Alta California, Volume, Number 45, 15 February 1857 p. 2, col. 4, Interesting Letter from Los Angeles. News of the Past Fortnight – Full Account of the Arrest and Execution of the Robbers
932:
312:
from the Mission some years earlier. Den also claimed to have an 1846 grant to these lands from the last Mexican governor. Power challenged that claim in the state courts over the next year.
921:
1075:
899:
1166:
Mason, Jesse D; History of Santa Barbara county, California, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers, Thompson & West, Oakland, Cal., 1883
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1004:
971:
910:
1133:
Angel, Myron; History of San Luis Obispo County, California; with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers, Thompson & West, Oakland, 1883
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1097:
1043:
Angel, Myron; History of San Luis Obispo County, California; with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers, Thompson & West, Oakland, 1883
1026:
789:
The Great Race Over the Union Course – One Hundred and Fifty Miles in Six Hours and Forty-Three Minutes. Daily Alta California, Volume 10, Number 121, 3 May 1858, p. 2, col. 2
982:
532:
DISEDERIO GRIZALYA, is small and slender, has somewhat dark complexion, large eyes, half open like the eyes of a cat, has no beard and is jovial and pleasant in his manners.
993:
943:
1027:
Daily Alta California, Volume 10, Number 120, 2 May 1858, p. 1, col. 5 Advertisements, Pioneer Course; For $ 5,000!; One Hundred and Fifty Miles in Eight Consecutive Hours!
183:
Born in Ireland in 1827 as John A. Power, he came to the United States with his parents in 1836, and settled with them in New York City. John was 19 years of age when the
1015:
459:, and the killing of a witness named Gilkey nearby in San Luis Obispo County. These accusations against Power were based on the confession of one of the accused bandits,
676:. However he found this boom was only a rumor upon reaching the Territory. Then on November 2, 1860, the Daily Alta California reported by telegraph from Los Angeles:
888:
490:
for several years since the fall of 1853. During the Gold Rush era, from 1849 to 1858, numerous robberies and murders had been committed by bandits on the stretch of
544:
Now, therefore, by virtue of the power vested in me, by Constitution and laws of this State I hereby offer the following REWARDS for their arrest and conviction:
859:
683:
We learn from Mr. R. O. Cossett, who passed here on the Overland mail stage to-day, that the notorious Jack Powers was murdered on his ranch a little south of
1251:
322:
in 1856; view from the northeast. The Powers rancho lay behind the Mission to the right. Powers left the rancho three years before this picture was made.
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that he claimed were public lands he was entitled to settle by the conditions for his service in Stevenson's Regiment. This same land had been leased by
255:
between late 1849 and 1851. By this time he had become known as Jack Power, and was well known to influential people in the city and in state politics.
711:
142:
1053:
243:
Despite being acquitted, Power subsequently left San Francisco for the goldfields. There he was said to have had some success. That August he went to
638:
Jack Powers, about whom so much has been said, has located himself at Hermosillo, where he has opened a fine hotel. Jack is in high feather with the
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In July 1852, Jack was one of a posse that returned two accused murderers, a Californio named Doroteo Zabaleta and a Sonoran named Jesus Rivas, from
1246:
788:
447:
In late May 1858, shortly after that long-distance race, Power was again accused of crimes, this time for his alleged role in the activities of
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624:. He has plenty of money, and is enjoying himself as if nothing had happened. He says that in two years he intends to return to San Francisco.
448:
529:
MIGUEL BLANCO, is also of this country; of low stature, about 20 years of age, is handsome very fair, with a bold face and without beard.
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interest of federal courts. Power, with a group of friends, vowed to resist being evicted. Also a member of Stevenson's Regiment, Sheriff
1241:
351:'s attempt to evict Power resulted in a bloody clash in the town between some of Power's friends and the sheriff who was organizing a
1226:
1231:
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The newfound notoriety soon led to Power being accused in early 1857 by a group of Los Angeles vigilantes (who were also after the
460:
523:
PIO LINARES, is a native of this country, has a slightly dark complexion, is slender, has large sleepy eyes, and without beard.
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skills as a horseman, on May 2, 1858, he set a record-breaking time in a 150-mile race. Soon after this race, he was accused by
413:
A little over a year later, on May 2, 1858, Jack Power rode in a famous time over distance horse race, called by its promoter
456:
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south of San Francisco. Here he set a record time of 6 hours and 43 minutes over a distance of 150 miles, with 24 California
381:
535:
JESUS VALENZUELA, is slender; brother to Joaquin Valenzuela; one of the five Joaquins, and is also called Jesus Chiquito.
326:
Meanwhile, on June 10, 1851, Jack Power led a 25-man posse against a party of "about 100" armed Native Americans from the
756:
See Gold Dust and Gunsmoke: Tales of Gold Rush Outlaws, Gunfighters, Lawmen, and Vigilantes (1999) by John Boessenecker.
188:
714:(deserted some 40 years ago on account of the Apaches, and belonging to the Spanish family Elias.) Jack came up with 30
1256:
1236:
495:
1211:
1160:
1146:
911:
Los Angeles Star, Number 52, 7 May 1853, p. 2, col. 2. Bloody Affray in Santa Barbara — Deplorable State of Affairs.
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to occupy and settle California, and men in the unit were promised land in the region should the war be successful.
804:
James Lynch, Francis Clark, The New York Volunteers in California, The Rio Grande Press, Inc., Glorietta, NM, 1970.
538:
NIEVES ROBLES alias FLORIAN SERVIN has a round face, somewhat dark complexion is small, and about 23 years of age.
499:
336:
972:
Los Angeles Star, Number 43, 7 March 1857, p. 3, col. 1, Arrest and Escape of Jack Powers — Santa Barbara Gazette.
35:
889:
Daily Alta California, Volume 3, Number 166, 15 June 1852, p. 5, col. 1 Later From the South. Indian Troubles.
692:
1182:
A Memorial and Biographical History of the Counties of Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Ventura, California
271:
Ryan went on to say that in addition to his other accomplishments, he was also an excellent performer on the
900:
Los Angeles Star, Number 12, 31 July 1852, p. 2, col. 1-3, Terrible Events. Murder and Its Prompt Punishment
743:(the U.S. Custom House). Later on the day of the burial, an American, who came up from a small town called
1098:
Daily Alta California, Volume 12, Number 3883, 30 September 1860, p. 1, col. 6. Our Guaymas Correspondence.
687:, by his Mexican peons. He had some seven or eight hundred head of stock on his ranch when he was murdered.
81:-born American outlaw who emigrated to New York as a child and later served as a volunteer soldier in the
1271:
491:
368:, in the north of the county, abandoning pig farming and living by gambling and racing horses as before.
130:
589:
122:
922:
Daily Alta California, Volume 4, Number 126, 7 May 1853, p. 2, col. 1, From San Diego and Los Angeles.
772:
994:
Daily Alta California, Volume 9, Number 95, 6 April 1857, p. 1, col. 2, Summary of the Fortnight News
954:
526:
EL HUERO (light or empty headed) RAFEAL is tall, slender, and quite handsome, with a light mustache.
213:
209:
86:
305:
398:
184:
82:
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as being "a spare built man, with full sunburnt face, heavy hair and whiskers, and a keen eye."
93:, he was a well-known professional gambler and a famed horseman in the gold camps as well as in
699:
669:
386:
361:
134:
1065:
Daily Alta California, Volume 10, Number 235, 27 August 1858, p. 1, col. 6. Later from Guaymas
1064:
258:
William Redmond Ryan described meeting Jack Power returning from the Mission Dolores in 1849:
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in San Francisco in 1849, and was also involved in a dispute over the ownership of a ranch in
1261:
474:
The vigilantes also made out Power as secretly being the outlaw gang leader of this group of
434:
Attendants sometimes made the rounds with him, tendering him drink, and receiving his orders.
319:
301:
193:
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vigilantes of complicity in the 1857 murder of two men, and of being the head of a notorious
1170:
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1109:
Daily Alta California, Volume 12, Number 3917, 3 November 1860, p. 1, col. 2. By Telegraph.
933:
Daily Alta California, Volume 4, Number 158, 8 June 1853, p2 col2 The Riot In Santa Barbara
665:
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217:
138:
109:
90:
8:
483:
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Daily Alta California, Volume 4, Number 143, 24 May 1853, p. 2, col. 3. From San Diego.
740:
487:
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365:
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205:
161:
156:, Powers attempted to return to California in 1860, but was murdered and robbed by his
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1156:
1142:
1132:
1042:
639:
165:
42:
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For RAFEAL MONEY, alias RAFEAL HENADA. alias EL HUERO RAFEAL, Five Hundred Dollars.
1087:
Sacramento Daily Union, Volume 17, Number 2561, 11 June 1859, p. 3, col. 3, Sonora.
723:
464:
348:
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of the victims and witnesses, including Linares, Garcia and others, operating in
452:
252:
212:. The two other companies were soon sent to occupy towns in the southern part of
114:
876:
656:
However the truth was that after two years, gambling and running a ranch in the
208:, one of three companies of the 1st New York Volunteers which were then sent to
171:
Jack Powers was described at the time of the May 1858 long-distance race in the
684:
595:
506:
475:
248:
204:
In San Francisco, Power and his brother transferred to Company F under Captain
187:
commenced in 1846, and he and his older brother Edward joined Company G of the
1220:
1076:
Los Angeles Star, Number 22, 9 October 1858, p. 2, col. 3, Later from Sonora.
732:
673:
657:
232:
94:
1119:
Ross, Dudley T., Devil On Horseback, Valley Publishers, Fresno, 1975. p. 168
616:
From the Los Angeles Star, on October 9, 1858, came word from Jack Powers:
297:
315:
1005:
Los Angeles Star, Number 48, 11 April 1857, p. col. Arrest of Jack Powers
340:
98:
847:
293:
621:
285:
237:
126:
105:
1054:
Los Angeles Star, Number 5, 12 June 1858, $ 2,500 Reward, p. 2, col. 5
352:
278:
1176:
Ross, Dudley T., Devil On Horseback, Valley Publishers, Fresno, 1975.
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Los Angeles Star, Number 50, 25 April 1857, p. 2, col. 2, Jack Powers
744:
611:
962:
McGowan's account of his persecution by the Committee of Vigilance.
509:
issued rewards for the arrests of the gang members still at large:
479:
594:
sailed from San Francisco on the 3d of June, for the mouth of the
565:
For JESUS VALENZUELA, alias JESUS CHIQUITO, Two Hundred Dollars.
422:
157:
104:
Powers had two brushes with the law. He was tried as a member of
78:
628:
In June 1859, from Sonora, in the Guaymas correspondence of the
719:
661:
153:
118:
541:
LUCIANO, El Mestino, or Herdsman, is a hunter of the Tulares.
371:
1171:
Walter Murray's letter to sister Anne of 28 May, 16 June 1858
715:
505:
On the basis of these accusations, on May 31, 1858, Governor
272:
520:
JACK POWERS, an Irishman, and generally known as a gambler.
727:
807:
50:
647:
The September 30, 1860 Daily Alta California, reported:
46:
698:, published a letter from its Arizona correspondent at
141:
between 1853 and 1858. This gang was later named the
706:
Additional Particulars of the Murder of Jack Powers
575:(reformated from continuous text for easier reading)
502:, making it the most dangerous route in the state.
439:that he can make much better time than the above."
279:
Return to Santa Barbara and the Arroyo Burro Affair
73:(c. 1827 – October 26, 1860), whose real name was
1155:. Harbor Town Histories, Santa Barbara. 2003.
612:Exile in Sonora and Death in New Mexico Territory
1218:
376:In 1856, Power protected and hid the politician
1206:. McNally & Loftin, Santa Barbara. 1983.
408:
568:For LUCIANO, El Mestino, Two Hundred Dollars.
16:Irish-American professional gambler and outlaw
559:For DESEDERIO GRIZALVA, Two Hundred Dollars.
45:. Consider transferring direct quotations to
800:
798:
796:
199:
1252:History of Santa Barbara County, California
1173:from famtrees.info accessed March 20, 2018.
784:
782:
780:
390:and other newspaper articles from then on.
372:Second conflict with the vigilante movement
1192:. Tecolote Books, Santa Barbara, CA, 1975.
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837:
835:
833:
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726:sent him some dragoons until he could get
718:Indians, who deserted him for fear of the
664:, in 1860, he drove a herd northward into
147:History of Santa Barbara County California
1199:Sandollar Press, Santa Barbara, CA, 1976.
793:
1038:
1036:
1034:
777:
562:For NIEYES ROBLES, Two Hundred Dollars.
556:For MIGUEL BLANCO, Two Hundred Dollars.
314:
960:, self-published, 1857, reprinted 1917.
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226:With Stevenson to California, 1846–1848
1247:Irish expatriates in the United States
1219:
872:
870:
868:
722:. While at the Babacomari ranch Capt.
550:For PIO LINARES. Five Hundred Dollars
547:For JACK POWERS, Five Hundred Dollars
152:Escaping the vigilantes by fleeing to
1141:. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1927.
1031:
457:Rancho San Juan Capistrano del Camote
425:horses, mostly belonging to him. The
36:too many or overly lengthy quotations
1184:Lewis Publishing Co., Chicago, 1891.
382:San Francisco Committee of Vigilance
18:
865:
702:, Arizona, dated October 31, 1860.
300:on lands formerly belonging to the
189:1st Regiment of New York Volunteers
13:
1242:People of the California Gold Rush
751:
145:in 1883, by Jesse D. Mason in his
14:
1283:
1197:It Happened in Old Santa Barbara.
442:
1227:Outlaws of the American Old West
672:, a new mining boom town on the
620:The notorious Jack Powers is in
133:, with robberies and murders in
23:
1232:American people murdered abroad
1190:Santa Barbara, Past and Present
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451:and his gang by a committee of
121:gang that plagued the southern
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819:
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598:, but was obliged to put into
401:on their way to arrest Power.
1:
1126:
178:
1204:Santa Barbara History Makers
816:, Tompkins, 1983, p. 103–104
814:Santa Barbara History Makers
415:The Great Match Against Time
409:The Great Match Against Time
7:
405:case for lack of evidence.
10:
1288:
691:On November 16, 1860, the
292:In 1852, he established a
1257:People murdered in Mexico
1237:Criminals from California
861:Their Trial and Sentence.
517:are still at large, viz:
214:Baja California Territory
210:Santa Barbara, California
200:Early years in California
87:Santa Barbara, California
759:
399:Mission San Buenaventura
296:to raise pigs along the
43:summarize the quotations
680:Murder of Jack Powers.
231:When Power returned to
224:1848 in his 1882 book,
749:
695:Daily Evening Bulletin
689:
654:
645:
626:
605:
577:
496:San Luis Obispo County
436:
387:San Francisco Bulletin
323:
135:San Luis Obispo County
123:central coastal region
1139:The Gangs of New York
704:
678:
649:
636:
618:
586:
582:Daily Alta California
511:
431:
427:Daily Alta California
320:Mission Santa Barbara
318:
302:Mission Santa Barbara
247:, the gateway to the
194:Jonathan D. Stevenson
173:Daily Alta California
1202:Tompkins, Walker A.
1195:Tompkins, Walker A.
1188:Tompkins, Walker A.
666:New Mexico Territory
634:came the following:
631:San Francisco Herald
500:Santa Barbara County
380:from a posse of the
218:California Gold Rush
185:Mexican–American War
139:Santa Barbara County
110:Santa Barbara County
97:, Santa Barbara and
91:California Gold Rush
83:Mexican–American War
1180:Storke, Yda Addis,
461:Jose Antonio Garcia
419:Pioneer Race Course
85:in the garrison of
1272:Murdered criminals
1137:Asbury, Herbert.
488:central California
395:Flores Daniel Gang
328:San Joaquin Valley
324:
206:Francis J. Lippitt
330:that had come to
166:Arizona Territory
68:
67:
1279:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1095:
1089:
1084:
1078:
1073:
1067:
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1056:
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1024:
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946:
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857:
851:
845:
826:
823:
817:
811:
805:
802:
791:
786:
775:
770:
712:Babacomari ranch
584:later reported:
513:$ 2,500 REWARD.
465:Nacimiento River
366:Guadalupe Valley
332:San Buenaventura
164:just inside the
143:Jack Powers Gang
63:
60:
54:
27:
26:
19:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1217:
1216:
1151:Baker, Gayle.
1129:
1124:
1123:
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1103:
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955:Edward McGowan,
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787:
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771:
767:
762:
754:
752:Further reading
693:San Francisco,
614:
591:Elizabeth Owens
476:highway-robbers
453:San Luis Obispo
445:
411:
374:
281:
253:Mission Dolores
202:
181:
115:San Luis Obispo
64:
58:
55:
49:or excerpts to
40:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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776:
764:
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761:
758:
753:
750:
685:Tubac, Arizona
668:to sell it in
613:
610:
507:John B. Weller
492:El Camino Real
444:
443:Bandit leader?
441:
410:
407:
373:
370:
310:Daniel A. Hill
306:Richard S. Den
280:
277:
269:
268:
264:
263:
249:Southern Mines
201:
198:
180:
177:
131:El Camino Real
66:
65:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1212:0-87461-059-1
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1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:0-9710984-1-7
1158:
1154:
1153:Santa Barbara
1150:
1148:
1147:1-56025-275-8
1144:
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748:
746:
742:
736:
734:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
707:
703:
701:
700:Fort Buchanan
697:
696:
688:
686:
681:
677:
675:
674:Mimbres River
671:
667:
663:
659:
658:Mexican state
653:
648:
644:
641:
635:
633:
632:
625:
623:
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379:
369:
367:
363:
362:Rancho Laguna
357:
354:
350:
344:
342:
338:
337:Santa Barbara
333:
329:
321:
317:
313:
311:
307:
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276:
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233:San Francisco
229:
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116:
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107:
102:
100:
96:
95:San Francisco
92:
89:. During the
88:
84:
80:
76:
75:John A. Power
72:
62:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
1262:1820s births
1203:
1196:
1189:
1181:
1152:
1138:
1115:
1104:
1093:
1082:
1071:
1060:
1049:
1022:
1011:
1000:
989:
978:
967:
956:
950:
939:
928:
917:
906:
895:
884:
855:
825:Baker, p. 42
821:
813:
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768:
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512:
504:
473:
446:
437:
432:
426:
414:
412:
403:
392:
385:
375:
358:
345:
325:
298:Arroyo Burro
291:
282:
270:
257:
242:
230:
225:
222:
203:
182:
172:
170:
151:
146:
103:
74:
70:
69:
56:
41:Please help
33:
1267:1860 deaths
733:Rio Mimbres
603:California.
449:Pio Linares
378:Ned McGowan
349:W. W. Twist
343:for trial.
341:Los Angeles
99:Los Angeles
71:Jack Powers
1221:Categories
1127:References
670:Mowry City
622:Hermosillo
469:San Miguel
286:Californio
238:The Hounds
179:Early life
129:along the
127:California
106:The Hounds
51:Wikisource
958:acquittal
741:Calabasas
640:Pesqueira
480:murderers
417:, at the
162:Calabasas
77:, was an
59:July 2018
47:Wikiquote
34:contains
596:Colorado
494:through
484:southern
245:Stockton
158:vaqueros
849:Society
745:Imcorza
720:Apaches
600:Guaymas
429:wrote:
423:mustang
364:in the
1210:
1159:
1145:
662:Sonora
294:rancho
154:Sonora
119:bandit
760:Notes
728:peons
724:Ewell
716:Yaqui
467:near
353:posse
273:banjo
79:Irish
1208:ISBN
1157:ISBN
1143:ISBN
878:1850
588:The
498:and
486:and
478:and
308:and
137:and
660:of
339:to
160:at
125:of
1223::
1033:^
867:^
830:^
795:^
779:^
471:.
228:.
220:.
168:.
149:.
101:.
236:"
61:)
57:(
53:.
39:.
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