2056:(SDKs), typically a version of the console with added debugging features that would cost several thousands of dollars and come with numerous restrictions on its use to prevent trade secrets related to the console from being leaked. Console manufacturers may have also restricted sales of SDKs to only certain developers that met specific criteria, leaving potential indie developers unable to acquire them. When indie games became more popular by 2010, the console manufacturers as well as mobile device operating system providers released special software-based SDKs to build and test games first on personal computers and then on these consoles or mobile devices. These SDKs were still offered at commercial rates to larger developers, but reduced pricing was provided to those who would generally self-publish via digital distribution on the console or mobile device's storefront, such as with the
2408:
1876:
1299:
151:
13558:
96:
47:
76:
1387:
1525:. Sony and Nintendo followed suit, encouraging indie developers to bring games onto their platforms. By 2013, all three console manufacturers had established programs that allowed indie developers to apply for low-cost development toolkits and licenses to publish directly onto the console's respective storefronts following approval processes. A number of "boutique" indie game publishers were founded in this period to support funding, technical support, and publishing of indie games across various digital and retail platforms. In 2012,
985:
1982:
developers are usually self-taught and thus may not have certain disciplines of typical programmers, thereby allowing for more creative freedom and new ideas. However, some may see amateur work less favorably than those that have had experience, whether from school or from the industry, relying on game development toolkits rather than programming languages, and they may associate such titles as amateur or hobbyist. Some such amateur-developed games have found great success. Examples of these include
56:
1447:, and since then, several other similar crowdfunding options for game developers have become available. Crowdfunding eliminated some of the cost risk associated with indie game development, and created more opportunities for indie developers to take chances on new titles. With more indie titles emerging during this period, larger publishers and the industry as a whole started taking notice of indie games as a significant movement within the field. One of the first examples of this was
67:
2478:, are typically annual competitions in which game developers are given a theme, concept and/or specific requirements and given a limited amount of time, on the order of a few days, to come up with a game prototype to submit for review and voting by judges, with the potential to win small cash prizes. Companies can also have internal game jams as a means to relieve stress which may generate ideas for future games, as has notably been the case for developer
1627:
87:
1847:, identified three primary distinctions between the established doujin culture and the Western idea of indie games. From a conceptual view, indie games generally promote independence and novelty in thought, while doujin games tend to be ideas shared by a common group of people and tend to not veer from established concepts (such as strong favoritism towards the well-established RPG genre). From a genealogical standpoint, the nature of
2101:. These boutique publishers, having experience in making indie games themselves, typically will provide necessary financial support and marketing but have little to no creative control on developers' product as to maintain the "indie" nature of the game. In some cases, the publisher may be more selective of the type of games it supports; Annapurna Interactive sought games that were "personal, emotional and original".
4588:
1159:
1918:, were developed by a single person, though often with support of artists and musicians for those assets. More common are small teams of developers, from two to a few dozen, with additional support from external artists. While it is possible for development teams to be larger, with this comes a higher cost overhead of running the studio, which may be risky if the game does not perform well.
1278:
magazines at that time, providing an easy means for amateur and hobbyist developers to be recognized. The ability to produce numerous copies of games, even if just shareware/demo versions, at a low cost helped to propel the idea as the PC as a gaming platform. At the time, shareware was generally associated with hobbyist programmers, but the releases of
2037:, but there are numerous others as well. Small studios that do not anticipate large sales are generally afforded reduced prices for mainstream game engines and middleware. These products may be offered free, or be offered at a substantial royalty discount that only increases if their sales exceed certain numbers. Indie developers may also use
746:
current mainstream games. A number of indie games at that time became success stories that drove more interest in the area. New industry opportunities have arisen since then, including new digital storefronts, crowdfunding, and other indie funding mechanisms to help new teams get their games off the ground. There are also low-cost and
2263:, established in 2013, has been more focused on serving indie games over mainstream ones, providing the developers with store pages and other tools to help with marketing. Other services act more as digital retailers, giving tools to the indie developer to be able to accept and redeem online purchases and distribute the game, such as
2247:. A new issue had arisen for larger mainstream games that featured multiplayer elements, in that updates and patches could easily be distributed through these sites but making sure all users were equally informed of the updates was difficult, and without the updates, some players would be unable to participate in multiplayer modes.
2227:), respectively. Game magazines started to include shareware games on pack-in demo discs with each issue, and as with mail-order, companies arose that provided shareware sampler discs and served to help with shareware payment and redemption processing. Shareware remained a popular form of distribution even with availability of
1014:, with simpler graphics atop the more complex mechanics. Indie games may fall into classic game genres, but new gameplay innovations have been seen. However, being "indie" does not imply that the game focuses on innovation. In fact, many games with the "indie" label can be of poor quality and may not be made for profit.
894:. Being independent, developers do not have controlling interests or creative limitations, and do not require the approval of a publisher, as mainstream game developers usually do. Design decisions are thus also not limited by an allocated budget. Furthermore, smaller team sizes increase individual involvement.
6254:
The jump in development and marketing costs has made the videogame industry "enormously risk averse,Publishers have largely focused on making sequels to successful titles or games based on movie or comic book characters, which are seen as less risky. "We don't green light any more things that will be
5018:
The jump in development and marketing costs has made the videogame industry "enormously risk averse,Publishers have largely focused on making sequels to successful titles or games based on movie or comic book characters, which are seen as less risky. "We don't green light any more things that will be
2482:
and its
Amnesia Fortnight game jams. The structure of such jams can influence whether the end games are more experimental or serious, and whether they are to be more playful or more expressive. While many game jam prototypes go no further, some developers have subsequently expanded the prototype into
2316:
The industry perception towards indie games have also shifted, making the tactics of how to develop and market indie games difficult in contrast to AAA games. In 2008, a developer could earn around 17% of a game's retail price, and around 85% if sold digitally. This can lead to the appearance of more
2133:
of the game to provide software testing and gameplay feedback. Those consumers become entitled to the full game for free on release, while others may have to pay a higher price for the final game. This can provide funding midway though development, but like with crowd-funding, consumers expect a game
1410:
that offered indie games alongside traditional AAA titles, as well as specialized storefronts for indie games. While direct online distribution helped indie games to reach players, these storefronts allowed developers to publish, update, and advertise their games directly, and players to download the
1277:
games became a popular means to distribute demos or partially complete games in the 1980s and into the 1990s, where players could purchase the full game from the vendor after trying it. As such demos were generally free to distribute, shareware demo compilations would frequently be included in gaming
1029:
mainstream art and visual styles used in AAA games, and those that present cultural ideas that are independent from mainstream games. Juul however wrote that ultimately the labeling of a game as "indie" still can be highly subjective and no single rule helps delineate indie games from non-indie ones.
745:
The modern take on the indie game scene resulted from a combination of numerous factors in the early 2000s, including technical, economic, and social concepts that made indie games less expensive to make and distribute but more visible to larger audiences and offered non-traditional gameplay from the
2455:
was established in 2012 as a large showcase at various trade shows to allow indie developers to show off their titles. These events act as intermediaries between indie developers and the larger industry, as they allow for indie developers to connect with larger developers and publishers for business
2270:
On consoles, the distribution of an indie game is handled by the console's game store, once the developer has been approved by the console manufacturer. Similarly, for mobile games, the distribution of the game is handled by the app store provider once the developer has been approved to release apps
2255:
software client originally to serve these updates automatically for their games, but over time, it became a digital storefront that users could also purchase games through. For indie games, Steam started curating third-party titles (including some indies) onto the service by 2005, later adding Steam
1665:
said that by the end of 2016, while there had not be any type of catastrophic collapse of the indie game market, there were signs that the growth of the market had significantly slowed and that it has entered a "post-indiepocalypse" phase as business models related to indie games adjust to these new
754:
Around 2015, the increasing number of indie games being published led to fears of an "indiepocalypse", referring to an oversupply of games that would make the entire market unprofitable. Although the market did not collapse, discoverability remains an issue for most indie developers, with many games
2423:
Indie developers are generally considered a highly collaborative community with development teams sharing knowledge between each other, providing testing, technical support, and feedback, as generally indie developers are not in any direct competition with each other once they have achieved funding
1953:
Another route for indie development teams comes from experienced developers in the industry who either voluntarily leave to pursue indie projects, typically due to creative burnout from the corporate process, or resulting from termination from the company. Examples of games from such groups include
1812:
who had been a promoter of
Western indie games in prior years, and has expanded that since. The distinction between Japanese-developed doujin games and indie games is ambiguous - the use of the term usually refers to if their popularity formed in Western or Eastern markets before the mid-2010s, and
1032:
Games that are not as large as most triple-A games, but are developed by larger independent studios with or without publisher backing and that can apply triple-A design principles and polish due to the experience of the team, have sometimes been called "triple-I" games, reflecting the middle ground
2202:
model of distribution emerged in the 1980s accepting that users would likely make copies freely and share these around. The shareware version of the software would be limited, and require payment to the developer to unlock the remaining features. This approach became popular with hobbyist games in
1851:
dates back as far as the 19th century, while the indie phenomena is relatively new. Finally, only until recently, doujin games tended to only be talked about in the same circles as other doujin culture (fan artwork and writing) and rarely mixed with commercial productions, whereas indie games have
1803:
Like other
Japanese fan-created works in other media, doujin games were often built from existing assets and did not receive much respect or interest from consumers, and instead were generally made to be played and shared with other interested players and at conventions. Around 2013, market forces
1669:
While there has not been any type of collapse of the indie game field since 2015, there are concerns that the market is far too large for many developers to get noticed. Very few selected indie titles get wide coverage in the media, and are typically referred to as "indie darlings". In some cases,
1422:
from their smaller, one-off titles to focus on their larger, more successful properties, leaving the indie game space to provide shorter and more experimental titles as alternatives. Costs of developing AAA games had risen greatly, to an average cost of tens of millions of dollars in 2007–2008 per
1260:
created many commercial opportunities for video games. During the last part of the 1990s, visibility of games from these single or small team studios scene waned, since a small team could not readily compete in costs, speed and distribution as a commercial entity could. The industry had started to
997:
Yet another angle to evaluate a game as indie is from its innovation, creativity, and artistic experimentation, factors enabled by small teams free of financial and creative oversight. This definition is reflective of an "indie spirit" that is diametrically opposite of the corporate culture of AAA
2312:
has been shown to apply to indie games: some people with little experience have been able to develop successful games from the start, but for most, it takes upwards of ten years of experience within the industry before one regularly starts making games with financial success. Most in the industry
2179:
and, once payment was received, fulfill orders by hand, making copies of their game to cassette tape, floppy disc, or CD-ROM along with documentation. Others would provide copies to their local computer store to sell. In the United
Kingdom, where personal computer game development took off in the
2121:
took off in 2012, its practice has significantly waned as consumers became wary of campaigns that failed to deliver on promised goods. A successful crowd-funded campaign now typically requires significant development work and costs associated with this before the campaign is launched, in order to
1981:
Yet another route is simply those with little to no experience in the games industry, although they may have computer-programming skills and experience, and they may come in with ideas and fresh perspectives for games, with ideas that are generally more personable and close to their hearts. These
1778:
In Japan, the doujin soft community has generally been treated as a hobbyist activity up through the 2010s. Computers and bedroom coding had taken off similarly in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but the computer market was quickly overwhelmed by consoles. Still, hobbyist programmers continued to
1365:
There were other shifts in the commercial environment that were seen as drivers for the rise of indie games in the 2000s. Many of the games to be indie games of this period were considered to be the antithesis of mainstream games and which highlighted the independence of how these games were made
1083:
The onset of indie game development is difficult to track due to the broadness of what defines an indie game, and the term was not really in use until the early 2000s. Until the 2000s, other terms like amateur, enthusiast, and hobbyist software or games were used to describe such software. Today,
1028:
that the definition of an indie game is vague, and depends on different subjective considerations. Juul classified three ways games can be considered indie: those that are financially independent of large publishers, those that are aesthetically independent of and significantly different from the
1701:
distribution service allowing any developer to offer their game with minimal cost to them, there are thousands of games being added each year, and developers have come to rely heavily on Steam's discovery tools – methods to tailor catalog pages to customers based on past purchases – to help sell
1265:
that could pay larger developers to make games and handle all the marketing and publication costs as well as opportunities to franchise game series. Publishers tended to be risk averse due to high costs of production, and they would reject all small-size and too innovative concepts of small game
1059:. While many of the same principles used to develop open source games are the same as for indie games, open source games are not developed for commercial gain and instead as a hobbyist pursuit. However, commercial sales are not a requirement for an indie game and such games can be offered as
1043:
is considered a prime example of a triple-I game. A further distinction from indie games are those considered double-A ("AA"), tending to be from mid to large-size studios ranging from 50 to 100 team members and larger than typically associated with indie games, that often work under similar
2109:
The lack of a publisher requires an indie developer to find means to fund the game themselves. Existing studios may be able to rely on past funds and incoming revenue, but new studios may need to use their own personal funds ("bootstrapping"), personal or bank loans, or investments to cover
1411:
games anywhere, with the storefront otherwise handling the distribution and sales factors. While Steam itself initially began heavy curation, it eventually allowed for indie publishing with its Steam
Greenlight and Steam Direct programs, vastly increasing the number of games available.
1799:
software. While the software cost money to obtain, users could release completed games with it as freeware or commercial products, which established the potential for a commercial independent games market by the early 2000s, aligning with the popularity of indie games in the West.
1372:
in 2004, which proved popular with players. Social and political changes also led to the use of indie games not only for entertainment purposes but to also tell a message related to these factors, something that could not be done in mainstream titles. In comparing indie games to
843:, where the concept is often related to self-publishing and independence from major studios or distributors. However, as with both indie films and music, there is no exact, widely accepted definition of what constitutes an "indie game" besides falling well outside the bounds of
8407:
1921:
Indie teams can arise from many different directions. One common path recently includes student projects, developed as prototypes as part of their coursework, which the students then take into a commercial opportunity after graduating from school. Examples of such games are
1866:
Many of the same basic concepts behind video game development for mainstream titles also apply to indie game development, particularly around the software development aspects. Key differences lie in how the development of the game ties in with the publisher or lack thereof.
951:
and his studio Thekla, Inc. Though self-funded and published, the game's development cost around $ 6 million and was priced at $ 40, in contrast to most indie games typically priced up to $ 20. Blow believed this type of game represented something between indie and AAA
881:
Another means to evaluate a game as indie is to examine its development team, with indie games being developed by individuals, small teams, or small independent companies that are often specifically formed for the development of one specific game. Typically, indie games are
964:, though with publishing but non-financial support from Sony; the game on release had a price equal to a typical AAA title. Sean Murray of Hello Games believes that because they are still a small team and the game is highly experimental that they consider themselves indie.
976:. Despite this corporate ownership, and the studio itself stating they do not consider themselves as an indie studio, the game's approach was considered less traditional as to be considered an indie game by the industry, including being nominated for Best Indie Game at
1710:
Several games during this time have still seen success, including games that were referred to as "indie darlings." Some of the most popular indie games from this time were primarily popularized over social media and spawned cultural phenomena, such as
2256:
Greenlight in 2012 that allowed any developer to propose their game for addition onto the service to the userbase, and ultimately replacing
Greenlight with Steam Direct in 2017 where any developer can add their game to the service for a small fee.
1638:
Leading into 2015, there was concern that the rise of easy-to-use tools to create and distribute video games could lead to an oversupply of video games, which was termed the "indiepocalypse". This perception of an indiepocalypse is not unanimous;
2231:
and the
Internet. By the 2000s, indie developers relied on the Internet as their primary distribution means as without a publisher, it was nearly impossible to stock an indie game at retail, the mail order concept having long since died out.
1438:
as a means for indie developers to raise funds to produce a game and to determine the desire for a game, rather than risk time and investment into a game that does not sell well. While video games had used crowdfunding prior to 2012, several
2197:
As the media shifted to higher-capacity formats and with the ability for users to make their own copies of programs, the simple mail order method was threatened since one person could buy the game and then make copies for their friends. The
1682:. However, there are also times where the video game media may see a future title as a success and position it as an indie darling before its release, only to have the game fail to make a strong impression on players, such as in the case of
8548:
1759:
Indie games are generally associated with
Western regions, specifically with North American, European, and Oceanic areas. However, other countries have had similar expansions of indie games that have intersected with the global industry.
11013:
8411:
2424:
for their project. Indie developers also tend to be open with their target player community, using beta testing and early access to get feedback, and engaging users regularly through storefront pages and communication channels such as
750:
tools available for smaller teams across all gaming platforms, boutique indie game publishers that leave creative freedom to the developers, and industry recognition of indie games alongside mainstream ones at major game award events.
1377:
and the state of their respective industries, the indie game's rise was occurring approximately at the same relative time as its market was starting to grow exponentially and be seen as a supporting offshoot of the mainstream works.
10185:
11573:
2298:
In nearly all cases with digital distribution, the distribution platform takes a revenue cut of each sale with the rest of the sale going to the developer, as a means to pay for the costs of maintaining the digital storefront.
1361:
removed much of the programming barriers needed for a prospective indie developer to create these games. The commercial possibilities for indie games at this point helped to distinguish these games from any prior amateur game.
1140:
computer language along with example programs, including games, to show what users could do with these systems. The availability of BASIC led to people trying to make their own programs. Sales of the 1978 rerelease of the book
1506:
received critical acclaim and drew mainstream media recognition for being a game developed by two people. Microsoft continued to follow up on this promotion in the following years, bringing in more games onto XBLA such as
1706:
campaign across social media and to interact with the press to make sure a game is noticed early on in its development cycle to get interest and maintain that interest through release, which adds to costs of development.
9068:
2072:
While most indie games lack a publisher with the developer serving in that role, a number of publishers geared towards indie games have been established since 2010, also known as boutique game publishers; these include
12507:
12600:
1405:
Indie games saw a large boost in visibility within the video game industry and the rest of the world starting around 2005. A key driver was the transition into new digital distribution methods with storefronts like
10167:
1484:(XBLA), a service that included some indie games, though these drew little attention in the first few years. In 2008, Microsoft ran its "XBLA Summer of Arcade" promotion, which included the releases of indie games
2644:
The following table lists indie games that have reported total sales over one million copies, based on the last reported sales figures. These results exclude downloaded copies for games that had transitioned to a
1702:
their titles. Mobile app stores have had similar problems with large volumes of offers but poor means for discovery by consumers in the late 2010s. Several indie developers have found it critical to have a good
11223:
1219:
were popular, launching a range of "bedroom coders" which initiated the UK's video game industry. During this period, the idea that indie games could provide experimental gameplay concepts or demonstrate niche
1570:, was released that same year and has become the eighth best selling video game of all time, as well the highest rated game on Steam as of 2022. Other successful indie games released during this time include
897:
However, this view is not all-encompassing, as there are numerous cases of games where development is not independent of a major publisher but still considered indie. Some notable instances of games include:
1793:, a hobbyist programming magazine that users could share their programs with. Over time, ASCII saw the opportunity to publish game development kits, and by 1992, released the first commercial version of the
11287:
2307:
Most indie games do not make a significant profit, and only a handful have made large profits. Instead, indie games are generally seen as a career stepping stone rather than a commercial opportunity. The
12252:
5322:
2278:
was formed to produce limited runs of games, most commonly successful indie titles that have a proven following that would have a market for a physical edition. These versions are typically produced as
10724:
5451:
10315:
6372:
11910:
8538:
9241:
7500:
6124:
Izushi, Hiro; Aoyama, Yuko (2006). "Industry evolution and cross-sectoral skill transfers: a comparative analysis of the video game industry in Japan, the United States, and the United
Kingdom".
11598:
11009:
10695:
2915:
As of
December 2020. Includes only sales on personal computers and not consoles, and prior to its acquisition by Epic Games and the conversion of the game to a free to play title in June 2022.
12355:
11384:
10945:
9559:
8929:
5790:
11097:
10756:
9956:
9529:
10181:
10081:
8898:
7233:
8832:
5388:
2539:, tile-based hack-and-slash games to a wide variety of so-called "rogue-lites" that maintain the roguelike procedural generation and permadeath features bore out directly from indie games
1329:, allowing game developers to sell directly to players and bypassing limitations of retail distribution and the need for a publisher. Software technologies used to drive the growth of the
8192:
7297:
998:
development, and makes a game "indie", where the factors of financial and creative independence make a game "independent". Developers with limited ability to create graphics can rely on
11780:
742:
distribution methods. However, by this time, interest in hobbyist programming had waned due to rising costs of development and competition from video game publishers and home consoles.
9857:
6670:
11487:
9208:
5557:
2009:
Typically, a starting indie-game studio will be primarily programmers and developers. Art assets including artwork and music may be outsourced to work-for-hire artists and composers.
6703:
1834:
genre. Doujin games also got a strong interest in Western markets after some English-speaking groups translated various titles with permission for English release, most notably with
9923:
2184:, the largest fan convention in the world, have allowed independent developers to sell and promote their physical products since its inauguration in 1975, allowing game series like
8694:
8092:
1830:
is primarily referred to as an "indie game" because of its success in the Western market. It is one of the most influential indie games, also contributing to the resurgence of the
11552:
11058:
9588:
11130:
10348:
7391:
5889:
9045:
1670:
indie darlings are identified through consumer reactions that praise the game rather than direct industry influence, leading to further coverage; examples of such games include
1476:–which included digital game distribution. Following the increased popularity of indie games on computers, these services started publishing them alongside larger releases. The
10385:
9076:
6009:
5106:
2363:
among AAA titles. Since then, indie games have frequently been included in award nominations alongside AAA games in the major awards events like the GDCA, the D.I.C.E. Awards,
1733:, which released in 2023 and was popularized through internet culture, becoming one of the most played games of 2023. More commercially successful games from this time include
7363:
7138:
6762:
1453:(2008), whose developers 2D Boy had tried but failed to gain any publisher support prior to release. On release, the game was recognized at various award events including the
1114:
was not commercially financed and was made by a small team, but there was no commercial sector of the video game industry at that time to distinguish from independent works.
8865:
7171:
2180:
early 1980s, a market developed for game distributors that handled the copying and distribution of games for these hobbyist programmers. In Japan, doujinshi conventions like
10987:
9142:
5757:
4806:
12318:
11942:
11845:
10890:
10603:
10114:
8730:
8408:""A Higher Standard" — Game Designer Jonathan Blow Challenges Super Mario's Gold Coins, "Unethical" MMO Design And Everything Else You May Hold Dear About Video Games"
8281:
8223:
6402:
10145:
9109:
7467:
7266:
5658:
11688:
11448:
11256:
10665:
10418:
8001:
7865:
7330:
5355:
5257:
870:
Financial independence: In such situations, the developers have paid for the development and/or publication of the game themselves or from other funding sources such as
11406:
9274:
8593:
Lanza, Dario; de Iracheta, María; Pérez, Carmen; Jaume, Borja; Sánchez, Lara; Casero, Marcos (2021), Martins, Nuno; Brandão, Daniel; Moreira da Silva, Fernando (eds.),
11877:
11209:
9989:
8962:
6932:
6499:
9307:
8034:
6306:
8484:
8159:
5812:
Styhre, Alexander; Remneland-Wikhamn, Björn (2021). "The video game as agencement and the image of new gaming experiences: the work of indie video game developers".
853:, says "independent video game development is the business of making games without the support of publishers", but this does not cover all situations. Dan Pearce of
9409:
8384:
5978:
2292:
12132:
10544:
7832:
1155:
for over one hundred games, eventually surpassed over one million copies. The availability of BASIC inspired a number of people to start writing their own games.
11279:
10577:
8796:
8314:
6884:
1431:
postulated in open debates that video games could not be art in 2005 and 2006, leading to developers creating indie games to specifically challenge that notion.
12388:
12248:
11658:
11574:"Team behind Steam's latest mega-hit was just joking when it said it would "double our sales," but then its horror gambling game actually sold 1 million copies"
8763:
7765:
7673:
7564:
7202:
6214:
730:
computer language in the 1970s and 1980s. So-called bedroom coders, particularly in the United Kingdom and other parts of Europe, made their own games and used
11972:
11352:
9785:
9499:
9340:
7888:
6537:
5312:
12226:
12196:
10922:
8451:
5290:
890:, who are risk-averse and prefer "big-budget games". Instead, indie game developers usually have smaller budgets, usually sourcing from personal funds or via
5154:
3343:
As of December 2020, only includes sales for Nintendo Switch version. Game is sold on other platforms but also available as a free app for mobile platforms.
877:
Independence of thought: In this case, the developers crafted their game without any oversight or directional influence by a third party such as a publisher.
10716:
9752:
5447:
5425:
4842:
9890:
6570:
2351:(GDCA). However, it was not until 2010 when indie games were seen as similar competition to major gaming awards, with the 2010 GDCA recognizing games like
2235:
Continued Internet growth led to dedicated video game sites that served as repositories for shareware and other games, indie and mainstream alike, such as
10305:
9376:
6362:
5724:
11900:
10206:
7621:
4913:
2089:. There also have been a number of indie developers that have grown large enough on their own to also support publishing for smaller developers, such as
1366:
compared to the collective of mainstream titles. Many of them took a retro-style approach to their design, art, or other factors in development, such as
9231:
7490:
2117:
campaigns, both reward-based and equity-based, have been used to obtain the funds from interested consumers before development begins in earnest. While
11812:
11588:
10812:
5070:
2328:
There is contention as to how prominent indie video game development is in the video game industry. Most games are not widely known or successful, and
10687:
4728:
2271:
on that type of device. In either case, all aspects of payment, redemption and distribution are handled at the manufacturer/app store provider level.
1950:'s founders, for example, had started to develop a commercial game while still in school and dropped out when the school demanded rights to the game.
1321:
The current, common understanding of indie games on personal computer took shape in the early 2000s from several factors. Key was the availability of
734:
to distribute their products, although they later shifted to other software distribution methods with the onset of the Internet in the 1990s, such as
12341:
8822:
5616:
5187:
2259:
While Steam remains the largest digital storefront for personal computer distribution, a number of other storefronts have since opened. For example,
1532:
12009:
11374:
11089:
10955:
10041:
9665:
9551:
9015:
8921:
5780:
2140:
was considered an indie game during its original development, and was one of the first titles to successfully demonstrate this approach to funding.
12653:
10853:
10746:
10071:
9946:
9521:
866:
Indie games generally share certain common characteristics. One method to define an indie game is the nature of independence, which can either be:
10506:
10451:
10231:
8888:
7225:
6603:
12285:
12040:
11711:
9847:
8122:
7533:
6996:
6099:
5378:
425:
6339:
1659:, stated in April 2016 that the market in indie games is more competitive than ever but continues to appear healthy with no signs of faltering.
13725:
8182:
7706:
7289:
6957:
1088:
for existing games, or work with specific technologies or game parts rather than the development of full games. Such hobbyists usually produce
12165:
8246:
5220:
1651:. The size of the indie game market was estimated in March 2016 to be at least $ 1 billion per year for just those games offered through
1248:
games by emphasizing their lack of graphics in lieu of the players' imagination, at a time that graphics-heavy action games were commonplace.
11772:
6797:
6660:
6466:
4877:
670:
11470:
10264:
10168:"Survival juggernaut Terraria has officially outsold Super Mario Bros - and its devs waited 2 years just to flex its latest sales milestone"
9198:
6634:
5547:
2332:
attention remains with mainstream titles. This can be attributed to a lack of marketing for indie games, but indie games can be targeted at
1266:
developers. The market also became fractured due to the prevalence of video game consoles, which required expensive or difficult-to-acquire
919:
of thatgamecompany believes that they are an independent studio because they were able to innovate on their game without Sony's involvement.
6693:
1804:
began to shift with the popularity of indie games in the Western regions, bringing more interest to doujin games as legitimate titles. The
10789:
9913:
5691:
10633:
10483:
9617:
8684:
8507:
5519:
3853:
11538:
11152:
9580:
6851:
4639:
13343:
11120:
11066:
10338:
7798:
7401:
7100:
1337:, were available at low cost to developers, and provided another means for indie games to grow. The new interest in indie games led to
12099:
9037:
6907:
6330:"PC Gaming: Doomed? or zDoomed? - Some of the most rewarding PC games out there were built by indie developers using open source code"
5879:
2343:
was established in 1998 to recognize the best of indie games, and since its first event in 1999 has been held in conjunction with the
2283:
with additional physical products like art books, stickers, and other small items in the game's case. Other such distributors include
2274:
A recent trend for some of the more popular indies is a limited physical release, typical for console-based versions. The distributor
10371:
8082:
7434:
6001:
5096:
1888:
There is no definitive size for how big an independent game development studio might be. Several successful indie games, such as the
1461:
9439:
7353:
7256:
7128:
7076:
6754:
4969:
4758:
11182:"Manor Lords has over 2 million people playing the historical city-builder less than three weeks after launching into Early Access"
8855:
7161:
1011:
11319:
10977:
9132:
5747:
4796:
722:
Indie game development bore out from the same concepts of amateur and hobbyist programming that grew with the introduction of the
12308:
11932:
11835:
10876:
10599:
10104:
10016:
8986:"Even a monkey can understand fan activism: Political speech, artistic expression, and a public for the Japanese dōjin community"
8720:
8271:
8215:
7950:
6394:
1584:
1007:
9099:
7457:
5648:
4670:
1423:
title, and there was little room for risks in gameplay experimentation. Another driver came from discussions related to whether
13804:
11680:
11438:
11246:
10655:
10408:
9175:
7991:
7855:
7732:
7320:
5478:
Garda, Maria B.; Grabarczyk, Paweł (October 2016). "Is Every Indie Game Independent? Towards the Concept of Independent Game".
5345:
5243:
3366:
2547:
365:
232:
17:
11035:
12594:
12573:
12554:
12535:
12501:
12467:
11416:
8614:
7586:
6433:
3730:
2049:
libraries, which are freely available but may lack technically-advanced features compared to equivalent commercial engines.
1256:
By the mid-1990s, the recognition of the personal computer as a viable gaming option, and advances in technology that led to
1021:
11867:
11749:
10137:
9979:
9264:
8952:
8057:
6733:
6489:
12646:
9297:
8595:"Real Possibility of an Entirely Open-Source Pipeline for Indie Games Design and Production. Altamira Game as a Case Study"
8024:
6296:
2541:
9469:
8476:
8145:
6181:
6063:
1592:
inspired many to begin developing games and contributed to the rise in indie game released during this time period, while
12481:
9399:
8374:
1536:
451:
12584:
5968:
1170:
Many personal computer games written by individuals or two person teams were self-distributed in stores or sold through
12956:
12122:
10534:
7824:
7648:
7034:
5925:
632:
11510:
10567:
10286:
8786:
8572:"Examining Indie's Independence: The Meaning of "Indie" Games, the Politics of Production, and Mainstream Co-optation"
8304:
6874:
14230:
12448:
12426:
12378:
11648:
8753:
7755:
7663:
7556:
7194:
6204:
3087:
2559:
1836:
663:
11964:
11342:
9880:
9491:
9330:
7898:
6527:
5280:
2407:
2325:. Recent years have brought the importance of drawing social media influencers to help promote indie games as well.
2147:. Indie developers can submit applications requesting grants from these funds. The money is typically provided as a
12218:
12188:
10912:
9775:
8441:
8336:
Martin, Chase Bowen; Deuze, Mark (July 2009). "The Independent Production of Culture: A Digital Games Case Study".
1690:
1604:
also became popular with indie developers, with inexpensive development tools and low-barrier storefronts with the
747:
405:
375:
5144:
14428:
14362:
13960:
13885:
13605:
12983:
12866:
12639:
9742:
7051:
6560:
5411:
4832:
1039:
707:, experimental gameplay, and taking risks not usually afforded in AAA games. Indie games tend to be sold through
13336:
9366:
7928:
5714:
2653:, or copies sold after acquisition by a larger publisher and no longer being considered an indie game, such as
1809:
1498:
1273:
There were still significant developments from smaller teams that laid the basis of indie games going forward.
7611:
2531:, either bringing new ideas to stagnant gameplay concepts or creating whole new experiences. The expansion of
2134:
that is near completion, so significant development and costs will likely need to have been invested already.
1783:, specialized software that would allow users to create their own games. A key line of these were produced by
1634:
in January 2020. The years 2004 and 2005—with seven and six games, respectively—are not visible on this chart.
14158:
13880:
13655:
13310:
13117:
4903:
4601:
3113:
2348:
2169:
1549:
1017:
943:
627:
620:
615:
281:
11802:
6933:"Terraria might be the best-reviewed Steam game ever, with over a million reviews and a 97% positive rating"
5060:
5005:
1946:. In some cases, students may drop out of school to pursue the commercial opportunity or for other reasons;
13890:
13875:
13740:
13648:
12993:
5177:
4718:
4010:
3073:
2582:
2220:
1136:
When the first personal computers were released in 1977, they each included a pre-installed version of the
695:
created by individuals or smaller development teams without the financial and technical support of a large
656:
642:
11010:"Hopoo Games' Risk of Rain 2 Welcomes an Estimated 650,000 Players In Just Its First Week of Early Access"
6041:
5606:
11995:
11280:"Battlebit, the overnight success six years in the making, has sold just shy of two million in two weeks"
10049:
9655:
8985:
8571:
2369:
2167:
to distribute their product. They would place ads in local papers or hobbyist computer magazines such as
2118:
1884:
is an example of a student-developed game expanded to a commercial title following the team's graduation.
1440:
637:
489:
10839:
6593:
14182:
13982:
13822:
13747:
10441:
10221:
2440:
2436:
2416:
2412:
2344:
2340:
2143:
More recently, a number of dedicated investor-based indie game funds have been established such as the
1823:
1644:
1454:
1424:
932:
805:
561:
385:
12275:
12032:
9069:"With Slight Movement, "KanColle," "Touhou" And "Touken Ranbu" Continue To Dominate Comiket Doujinshi"
8114:
7523:
6986:
6089:
215:
14352:
14258:
14197:
13363:
13329:
12946:
12754:
12586:
Game Design: Principles, Practice, and Techniques - The Ultimate Guide for the Aspiring Game Designer
11443:
10182:"Human: Fall Flat celebrates 30 million copies on 5th anniversary and announces new laboratory level"
6329:
5313:"Dave the Diver, a chill RPG about fishing and sushi, is one of 2023's biggest Steam success stories"
3760:
2309:
2052:
Prior to 2010, development of indie games on consoles was highly restrictive due to costly access to
1813:
if they are made with the aim of selling large copies or just as a passion project; the long-running
1526:
1473:
903:
700:
546:
467:
430:
12526:
End-to-End Game Development: Creating Independent Serious Games and Simulations from Start to Finish
8539:"Tips for working with a game art outsourcing studio and avoiding the typical roadblocks on the way"
7696:
5829:
End-to-End Game Development: Creating Independent Serious Games and Simulations from Start to Finish
1875:
939:. Greg Kasavin of Supergiant notes they consider their studio indie as they lack any parent company.
14433:
14242:
13812:
13703:
13685:
13538:
12998:
12791:
12781:
12249:"Hit beaver city builder celebrates 1 million copies sold by finally investing in a decent trailer"
12155:
11937:
11840:
11716:
11620:
10950:
8256:
5379:"The Game Awards 2023 Nominations: Alan Wake 2, Baldur's Gate 3 Lead the Pack With Eight Noms Each"
5210:
4250:
2053:
1826:
since 1995, has been called both indie and doujinshi. Meanwhile, despite being Japanese-developed,
1075:, with the exception of its enhanced visual front-end version while its base version remains free.
993:
is an example of an indie game that relies on a retro pixel-based 1980s style for its presentation.
863:"-type assessment, since no single definition can capture what games are broadly considered indie.
195:
190:
6787:
6456:
4867:
4766:
2029:
to build their titles, lacking the resources to build custom engines. Common game engines include
1542:
Several other indie games were released during this period to critical and/or commercial success.
1290:
in 1993 showed the shareware route to be a viable platform for titles from mainstream developers.
1044:
practices as triple-A studios but still retain creative control of their titles from a publisher.
847:
by large publishers and development studios. One simple definition, described by Laura Parker for
14177:
13867:
13695:
13239:
12936:
11125:
10254:
7893:
6626:
6241:
4473:
2974:
1930:
860:
455:
395:
35:
10207:"Stardew Valley has sold 30 million copies, and its creator says it's "thriving more than ever""
9641:
Cultures of independent game production: Examining the relationship between community and labour
7645:
Possibilities of Non-Commercial Games: The Case of Amateur Role Playing Games Designers in Japan
1298:
150:
14225:
14220:
14136:
14014:
13789:
13600:
13574:
13557:
13528:
13212:
13181:
13147:
13124:
13112:
10779:
4525:
3798:
2882:
2565:
2318:
2046:
1956:
1861:
1286:
1224:
appeal had been established. Many games from the bedroom coders of the United Kingdom, such as
1179:
1048:
311:
222:
172:
10625:
10473:
9609:
8515:
6841:
5681:
5509:
14172:
14141:
14131:
13907:
13757:
13635:
13566:
13232:
12988:
12931:
12696:
12626:
11515:
10306:"Fall Guys has sold over 11 million copies on PC and is now the most downloaded PS Plus game"
8599:
Perspectives on Design and Digital Communication II: Research, Innovations and Best Practices
8083:"Coding and coexisting in the corral: How Octodad's team manages living and working together"
7026:
6398:
4629:
4399:
4126:
4060:
3814:
2497:
2288:
2228:
2082:
1614:
1460:
Console manufacturers also helped increase recognition of indie games in this period. By the
1397:
1183:
1085:
597:
400:
358:
296:
200:
106:
31:
9552:"BAFTA Games Awards: Supergiant Games' 'Hades' Takes Home Top Prize – Complete Winners List"
7729:"『UNDERTALE』トビー・フォックス×『東方』ZUN×Onion Games木村祥朗鼎談──自分が幸せでいられる道を進んだらこうなった──同人の魂、インディーの自由を大いに語る"
2313:
caution that indie games should not be seen a financially-rewarding career for this reason.
1257:
711:
channels rather than at retail due to a lack of publisher support. The term is analogous to
95:
14423:
14235:
14126:
13970:
13766:
13460:
13418:
13074:
12973:
12727:
12089:
6237:
6133:
5421:
5000:
4098:
3956:
As of April 2024, does not include 6.6 million units claimed during the game's free launch
3912:
3838:
3680:
3656:
3544:
3393:
3349:
3047:
2622:
2094:
2038:
2026:
1780:
1672:
1346:
1345:
developers to offer their products at low or no cost for indie development, in addition to
1267:
1262:
1143:
1056:
989:
977:
923:
887:
708:
696:
494:
380:
370:
343:
184:
118:
11181:
10105:"Minecraft still incredibly popular as sales top 200 million and 126 million play monthly"
7424:
6395:"The Independent Game Development Boom: Interview with Stephanie Barish, CEO of IndieCade"
5848:
Indie Game: The Movie: The Paper – Documentary Films and the Subfield of Independent Games
2419:
in San Francisco, California, where indie developers can showcase their games to attendees
2339:
Industry recognition of indie games through awards has grown significantly over time. The
1457:, leading to publishers that had previously rejected World of Goo to offer to publish it.
1414:
Further indie game growth in this period came from the departure of large publishers like
1100:
There is some debate as to whether independent game development started prior to the 1977
8:
13992:
13942:
13897:
13730:
13610:
13252:
13244:
12905:
12803:
9431:
4977:
4551:
4034:
3803:
2867:
2122:
demonstrate that the game will likely be completed in a timely manner and draw in funds.
2042:
2034:
1678:
1469:
1354:
1322:
1245:
567:
477:
239:
179:
163:
136:
130:
124:
6137:
2456:
opportunities, as well as to get word of their games out to the press prior to release.
104:
Screenshots from several indie games. In reading order (in mobile view, top to bottom):
14393:
14335:
13997:
13965:
13840:
13817:
13673:
13643:
13478:
13448:
13142:
12853:
12676:
12524:
12313:
11309:
10844:
9918:
9715:
9688:
8860:
8355:
8338:
7788:
6565:
6461:
6149:
5383:
4593:
4276:
4168:
4103:
3924:
3430:
3378:
3238:
3111:
Includes both the Flash-based version (which sold 3 million alone as of July 2014) and
2637:
2425:
2383:
1984:
1844:
1515:
1486:
1105:
844:
763:
502:
338:
75:
10012:
7965:
886:
than mainstream titles. Indie game developers are generally not financially backed by
14398:
14311:
14306:
13977:
13923:
13832:
13665:
13625:
13428:
13268:
13079:
12968:
12843:
12798:
12776:
12732:
12681:
12590:
12569:
12550:
12531:
12497:
12463:
12444:
12422:
12222:
11157:
10982:
10539:
10339:"Fall Guys is going free-to-play and coming to Nintendo Switch and Xbox on June 21st"
9720:
9335:
9302:
9165:
9007:
8610:
8309:
8187:
8118:
7528:
7462:
7325:
7133:
7030:
6665:
6153:
5973:
5487:
5416:
4678:
4351:
4075:
3888:
3404:
2997:
2985:
2856:
2851:
2587:
2509:
2395:
2275:
2248:
1784:
1724:
1655:. Mike Wilson, Graeme Struthers and Harry Miller, the co-founders of indie publisher
1600:
spawned successful media franchises, with the latter becoming a cultural phenomenon.
1561:
1502:
alongside two AAA games. While all three indie games had a high number of downloads,
1205:
1084:
terms like amateur and hobbyist development are more reflective of those that create
840:
723:
712:
522:
415:
333:
291:
210:
46:
11043:
10507:"Satisfactory hits 5.5m sales after five years of early access, 1.0 due "this year""
7728:
14388:
14299:
14086:
14081:
14076:
14059:
14054:
14009:
13850:
13615:
13516:
13455:
13395:
13352:
13084:
12941:
12815:
12713:
11653:
11218:
10917:
9710:
9700:
9199:"PC game storefronts compared: what you need to know about retailers and resellers"
8997:
8602:
8359:
8347:
7429:
6176:
6141:
4485:
4423:
4239:
4213:
4180:
4157:
4086:
3772:
3518:
3419:
3361:
3314:
3299:
3212:
2942:
2910:
2755:
2528:
2491:
2329:
2284:
2086:
2078:
2017:
For development of personal computer games, indie games typically rely on existing
1924:
1880:
1789:
1703:
1656:
1521:
1481:
1391:
1374:
1350:
1200:
1117:
928:
836:
787:
716:
703:. Because of their independence and freedom to develop, indie games often focus on
527:
420:
244:
6425:
984:
14357:
14047:
13902:
13523:
13483:
13433:
13295:
13018:
12861:
12744:
12493:
12477:
12004:
11739:
10886:
10849:
10076:
9835:. Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Interactive Entertainment. pp. 1–10.
9738:
9660:
9104:
8433:
8251:
8067:
6792:
6725:
6301:
6036:
5719:
5448:"Keighley weighs in on debate over Dave the Diver qualifying for Best Indie Game"
3938:
3558:
3099:
2813:
2475:
2471:
2452:
2364:
2280:
2252:
2190:
2175:
2151:
to be repaid through game royalties. Several national governments, through their
2148:
1968:
1805:
1698:
1684:
1652:
1605:
1492:
1415:
1407:
1386:
1209:
956:
916:
908:
435:
14119:
11090:"More premium mobile success: Goat Simulator sells 2.5M copies on all platforms"
8659:
8606:
7925:
Proceedings of the Digital Games Research Association 2017 Conference (DiGRA'17)
1621:
1120:, who considers herself the first indie designer, created several games for the
14002:
13708:
13592:
13504:
13499:
13390:
13278:
13033:
13028:
13023:
13013:
11310:"Dyson Sphere Program reaches 1.7 million units sold as the devs detail combat"
11251:
9461:
6819:
6171:
5149:
4337:
4265:
3986:
3746:
3704:
3630:
3532:
3223:
3207:
3123:
2839:
2781:
2629:
have gained attention through indie developers with early indie titles such as
2617:
2611:
2577:
2515:
2467:
2205:
1996:
1990:
1962:
1908:
1890:
1818:
1735:
1729:
1648:
1553:
1509:
1464:
of consoles in 2005, each platform provided online services for players–namely
1330:
1303:
1280:
1231:
1089:
1071:
968:
769:
472:
30:
This article is about a type of video game. For the 2012 documentary film, see
11589:"Inside EXOK Games: The Brand New Studio That's Already Sold a Million Copies"
8594:
7321:"Every year has been better than the last. Thriving is the best way to put it"
5880:"From shareware superstars to the Steam gold rush: How indie conquered the PC"
14417:
14146:
13987:
13928:
13779:
13720:
13511:
13470:
13413:
13069:
13059:
12350:
11411:
10817:
10037:
9705:
9011:
8636:"On the relevance of the Godot Engine in the indie game development industry"
8437:
8351:
6032:"Fifty Years of BASIC, the Programming Language That Made Computers Personal"
5491:
5178:"Why Supergiant ditched publishers for the release of Transistor – interview"
3742:
3719:
3506:
3482:
3293:
As of December 2022, includes sales during early access since February 2016.
3195:
3147:
2941:
As of April 2017, and does not include free copies given as part of an early
2921:
2770:
2592:
2503:
2264:
2114:
2030:
1741:
1578:
1572:
1358:
1121:
1101:
948:
871:
799:
793:
755:
not being financially profitable. Examples of successful indie games include
10717:"Risk Of Rain 2 Sells 4 Million On Steam Alone, Big Update Coming This Year"
9812:
1293:
55:
14383:
14345:
14187:
14037:
13955:
13620:
13582:
13543:
13443:
13423:
13405:
13273:
13227:
13191:
12900:
12820:
12808:
11547:
11093:
10813:"Cult Of The Lamb Reveals New Update As Game Sells Over 3.5 Million Copies"
10478:
9951:
9947:"Vampire Survivors—a cheap, minimalistic indie game—is my game of the year"
9724:
8725:
8689:
7760:
7668:
7616:
6598:
6494:
6094:
4540:
4435:
4189:
3456:
3035:
2950:
2825:
2646:
2600:
2571:
2333:
2322:
2130:
2126:
1936:
1831:
1697:
Discoverability has become an issue for indie developers as well. With the
1601:
1449:
1435:
1308:
1236:
1148:
1034:
891:
739:
592:
517:
507:
484:
301:
249:
13222:
11740:"Are you one of the million people who have played this spooky indie hit?"
11712:"Deep Rock Galactic: Survivor grows to sell 1 million Early Access copies"
10688:"Over 10 years later, Hotline Miami remains the indie games gold standard"
9133:"End of days: GameSpy's forgotten games and the gamers keeping them alive"
9002:
8953:"How Public Arts Funding Helps Developers Make Unique, More Diverse Games"
1552:
as of 2024, was originally released as an indie game before its developer
1051:. The latter are games which are developed with the intent to release the
14294:
14268:
14091:
14064:
14042:
13845:
13794:
13438:
13373:
13305:
13186:
13152:
13134:
13099:
13089:
12895:
12833:
12828:
12749:
12737:
12631:
12489:
12486:
Game design workshop: a playcentric approach to creating innovative games
12436:
12280:
11901:"Hades Has Sold 1 Million Copies, Nearly One-Third Sold In Last Few Days"
9984:
9232:"Examining the indie ins and outs of today's game distribution platforms"
9170:
8922:"Minecraft Draws Over $ 33 Million In Revenue From 1.8M Paying Customers"
8219:
7793:
7647:. Proceedings of DiGRA 2005 Conference: Changing Views – Worlds in Play.
6991:
4563:
4375:
4302:
4198:
3962:
3582:
3471:
3261:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2596:
2479:
2432:
2389:
2216:
2090:
2018:
1942:
1896:
1814:
1773:
1626:
1609:
1444:
1428:
1381:
1342:
1334:
1226:
1216:
1175:
1163:
1152:
1052:
1003:
961:
551:
462:
276:
227:
12622:
11375:"Superbrothers: Sword & Sworcery EP has sold over 1.5 million units"
11059:"Shovel Knight Developers Say King of Cards and Showdown Mark "The End""
10376:
Passes 10.5 Million Sales, As Dev Explains Why No Sequel Is Coming Soon"
7226:"Over 8,000 games were released on Steam in 2019, according to SteamSpy"
6594:"How Fez's first-day sales compare to Braid, Limbo, and other XBLA hits"
2163:
Prior to digital distribution, hobbyist programmers typically relied on
1808:
first offered a special area for doujin games in 2013 with support from
859:
stated that the only consensus for what constitutes an indie game is a "
66:
14340:
14316:
14151:
13855:
13774:
13382:
12961:
12482:"Indie Game Jam: An outlet for Innovation and Experimental Game Design"
10946:"Enter the Gungeon has topped 3 million sales in just under four years"
10310:
8472:
6788:"Cats, cancer and mental breakdown: the unexpected joys of indie games"
5317:
5281:"No Man's Sky director: 'everything is to the wire, we work all night'"
4568:
4449:
4131:
3249:
3171:
3061:
2946:
2905:
2605:
2483:
a full release after the game jam into successful indie games, such as
2463:
2224:
2164:
2155:
agencies, also have made similar grants available to indie developers.
2152:
2144:
2110:
development costs, or building community support while in development.
2022:
1902:
1640:
1419:
1368:
1338:
1171:
757:
731:
704:
692:
539:
316:
267:
12062:
8635:
6490:"How the World of Goo became one of the indie video game hits of 2008"
5969:"The indie explosion that's been going on for 30 years (give or take)"
1723:(2018), with the later being one of the most popular games during the
34:. For non-electronic indie games specifically about role-playing, see
14114:
14032:
13735:
13713:
13282:
13207:
13064:
12951:
12915:
12721:
12708:
12414:
11776:
11625:
11593:
11379:
11347:
10751:
10656:"Beat Saber slashes VR sales records after shipping 4 million copies"
10511:
10413:
10409:"Valheim passes 10m sales, as development on the Mistlands continues"
10343:
10222:"Castle Crashers Remastered will be released September 17 for Switch"
10109:
9885:
9852:
9780:
9747:
9404:
9371:
9269:
9236:
8957:
8925:
8893:
8827:
8791:
8758:
8543:
8446:
8379:
8276:
8150:
8029:
7860:
7828:
7495:
7396:
7358:
7293:
7261:
7166:
6879:
6698:
6532:
6209:
5832:
5752:
5686:
5611:
5552:
5514:
5350:
4908:
4723:
4634:
4499:
4224:
4114:
3642:
2893:
2744:
2696:
2532:
2444:
2199:
2136:
2002:
1974:
1795:
1713:
1661:
1631:
1618:, was created that covers several successful games from this period.
1557:
1544:
1465:
1274:
1110:
936:
811:
781:
735:
572:
86:
13321:
11681:"Indie RPG and sushi restaurant sim Dave the Diver reaches 1m sales"
11214:
sold over two million copies and where its developer goes from here"
10747:"Dead Cells surpasses 3.5 million sold ahead of second DLC announce"
9743:"Technology Inspires Creativity: Indie Game Jam Inverts Dogma 2001!"
7920:
5548:"Q&A: Independent Game Creators On Importance Of Indie Movement"
5346:"Indie RPG and sushi restaurant sim Dave the Diver reaches 1m sales"
3882:
As of March 2023, which includes sales during early access in 2022.
3081:
As of January 2020, discounting free copies from promotional offers
935:, primarily to avoid difficulties with the certification process on
14378:
14330:
14276:
14202:
14192:
14071:
13784:
13217:
13129:
13047:
12910:
12786:
12691:
12383:
12094:
11905:
11872:
11807:
11482:
11314:
11121:"Darkest Dungeon: The Butcher's Curse DLC Adds Multiplayer Battles"
10881:
10784:
10380:
10259:
9203:
9137:
7996:
7701:
7425:"One Year Later, No Man's Sky—And Its Evolution—Is Worth Exploring"
7077:"Hotline Miami and the Rise of Techno in Ultra-Violent Video Games"
6145:
5884:
5785:
5285:
5253:
5248:
5215:
5065:
4837:
4511:
4325:
3606:
3442:
3325:
3275:
2738:
2726:
2631:
2626:
2575:(2012). In turn, new takes on the roguelike genre were inspired by
2553:
2485:
2459:
2074:
1947:
1914:
1727:
in 2020 and 2021 with half a billion players. A similar example is
1719:
1566:
1477:
1326:
1221:
1194:
1188:
1065:
1060:
999:
849:
823:
775:
534:
323:
306:
112:
11868:"Beautiful sadcore platformer Gris has sold over a million copies"
8889:"7 successful Early Access games that all developers should study"
7290:"Devs share real talk about surviving the latest 'indiepocalypse'"
7052:"Hotline Miami's ultra-violence has influenced games for a decade"
5781:"How Itch.io became an indie PC game haven—and Steam's antithesis"
5097:"SXSW 2009: Being Indie and Successful in the Video Game Industry"
874:, and specifically without financial support of a large publisher.
13678:
13008:
12978:
12838:
12703:
12686:
12668:
10978:"Limbo coming to iOS July 3, lifetime sales top 3 million copies"
10660:
10446:
10336:
9848:"Crucial lessons from 7 game jam prototypes that went commercial"
9831:
Goddard, William; Byrne, Richard; Mueller, Florian Floyd (2014).
8155:
8087:
7951:"Indie and Dōjin Games: A Multilayered Cross-Cultural Comparison"
5101:
3864:
3786:
3103:
3011:
2959:
2933:
2527:
Indie games are recognized for helping to generate or revitalize
2260:
2237:
2181:
2061:
2057:
1747:
1241:
817:
12462:(2nd ed.). Hingham, Massachusetts: Infinity Science Press.
12123:"Sifu reaches one million copies sold three weeks after release"
8685:"How certification requirements are holding back console gaming"
5412:"The Game Awards Nominees Reveal The Event's Biggest Blind Spot"
1158:
13289:
12127:
11773:"Over a million copies of Dust: An Elysian Tail have been sold"
8183:"Vlambeer: Just making games is the key to becoming successful"
6846:
6031:
6002:"Rediscovering History's Lost First Female Video Game Designer"
5939:
5937:
5935:
5653:
4288:
4049:
2716:
By October 2014 at the time Mojang was purchased by Microsoft.
2708:
2194:
to spread in popularity and dominate the convention for years.
2098:
1848:
1630:
The number of games, by year, published on Steam, estimated by
1434:
Indie video game development saw a further boost by the use of
1182:
in 1981 to publish user-written software, including games, for
8025:"Indie Game Makers Open Up About The Money They Actually Make"
6661:"Boutique publishers are the future of the indie games market"
4797:"The 'Indie' Delusion: The Gaming Category that Doesn't Exist"
2431:
Indie game developers can be involved with various indie game
2125:
Another mechanism offered through digital distribution is the
14323:
14164:
12880:
12764:
12583:
Thompson, Jim; Berbank-Green, Barnaby; Cusworth, Nic (2007).
12582:
12160:
11744:
11186:
10226:
9914:"Why revealing all is the secret of Slay The Spire's success"
9818:
9613:
5182:
3217:
As of April 2023, only includes sales for the Steam version.
2536:
1622:
Fears regarding saturation and discoverability (2015−present)
1313:
1137:
973:
972:
was developed by Mintrocket, a thirty-person studio owned by
727:
12156:"Beautiful management sim Spiritfarer sells a million units"
8601:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 99–111,
8305:"Meet Me In Portland: The Fullbright Company's Journey Home"
7491:"'Good' isn't good enough - releasing an indie game in 2015"
6528:"How indies made an impact on a generation of game consoles"
6172:"Sinclair ZX80 and the Dawn of 'Surreal' U.K. Game Industry"
5932:
3600:
As of May 2024, achieved within three weeks of early access
1251:
835:
The term "indie game" itself is based on similar terms like
12309:"'Undertale' Creator Releases New Mystery Game 'Deltarune'"
12189:"Skul: The Hero Slayer Surpasses 1 Million Sales Worldwide"
11153:"Manor Lords passes 1m sales after one day in Early Access"
10600:"Indie favorite 'Papers, Please' has sold 5 million copies"
10287:"12m players have got in a lather with PowerWash Simulator"
9980:"How Stardew Valley ushered in the farming sim renaissance"
6278:
6276:
5244:"Traveling through time with 'Braid' creator Jonathan Blow"
4142:
912:
9731:
9643:. Proceedings of DiGRA 2011 Conference: Think Design Play.
9522:"'Hades' Takes Top Honor at Game Developers Choice Awards"
9462:"What Remains of Edith Finch wins Bafta's top games award"
8592:
7756:"Dōjin nation: does 'indie' gaming really exist in Japan?"
7664:"Dōjin nation: does 'indie' gaming really exist in Japan?"
7101:"In-depth: Yacht Club gets transparent with sales numbers"
6875:"Microsoft to acquire 'Minecraft' maker Mojang for $ 2.5B"
6235:
5962:
5960:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5952:
4998:
1840:, the first such doujin to be published on Steam in 2010.
1234:
and made them highly experimental games. Other games like
1092:
products and may range from novices to industry veterans.
1024:
that has studied the video game market, wrote in his book
11933:"Demonic deck-builder Inscryption passes 1 million sales"
10572:
8062:
7587:"Hollow Knight Has Sold More Than 1 Million Copies On PC"
6429:
6367:
6334:
6238:"Videogame Publishers Place Big Bets on Big-Budget Games"
5090:
5088:
5054:
5052:
5001:"Videogame Publishers Place Big Bets on Big-Budget Games"
4872:
4801:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4746:
3243:
As of March 2021, only includes sales for Steam version.
2720:
has since sold more than 200 million copies by May 2020.
2317:"risky" creative projects. Furthermore, the expansion of
2211:
1294:
Rise of indie games from digital distribution (2000−2005)
1270:
typically reserved for larger developers and publishers.
1125:
855:
12379:"'Untitled Goose Game' honks its way to a million sales"
12063:"Video Game Insights - Games industry data and analysis"
9687:
Parker, Felan; Whitson, Jennifer R; Simon, Bart (2017).
8816:
8814:
6273:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5636:
5634:
5600:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5592:
5590:
2267:, but otherwise leaving the marketing to the developer.
1215:
In the United Kingdom, early microcomputers such as the
13950:
9689:"Megabooth: The cultural intermediation of indie games"
9581:"Inscryption wins big at GDC and IGF Awards | GDC 2022"
8721:"Searching for gold: how to fund your indie video game"
6627:"Xbox's 'Braid' A Surprise Hit, For Surprising Reasons"
5949:
5811:
4963:
4961:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4188:
As of September 2020. Includes 700,000 sales during an
2448:
1779:
develop games. One area that Japan had focused on were
1311:
that later was developed into a commercial indie game,
9100:"The Story of Shareware, the Original In-App Purchase"
7122:
7120:
6820:"Minecraft becomes first video game to hit 300m sales"
6363:"March Of The Indies: The Punk Rockers Of Video Games"
5924:. Proceedings of DiGRA 2013: DeFragging Game Studies.
5085:
5049:
4743:
1843:
Mikhail Fiadotau, a lecturer in video game studies at
1822:, developed entirely by one-man independent developer
1382:
Shifting industry and increased visibility (2005−2014)
1124:
home console in 1976 as an independent contractor for
27:
Class of video game, generally independently published
12476:
9806:
8811:
7354:"The 5 trends that defined the game industry in 2016"
7257:"The 5 trends that defined the game industry in 2015"
7162:"7,672 games hit Steam in 2017 alone, says Steam Spy"
6726:"Archive - 13th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards"
6694:"Indie game publishers are the new indie rock labels"
6521:
6519:
6517:
6196:
6119:
6117:
5631:
5587:
5121:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4784:
2367:, and the BAFTA Video Games Awards. Indie games like
1108:
at universities and other large institutions. 1962's
1002:
innovation. This often leads to indie games having a
11836:"Firewatch hits 1 million sales in less than a year"
9881:"'Roguelikes': Getting to the heart of the it-genre"
9492:"'Outer Wilds' Wins Best Game at BAFTA Games Awards"
8576:
The Journal of the Canadian Game Studies Association
8272:"Road to the IGF: Red Hook Studios' Darkest Dungeon"
7921:"Indie and dōjin games: a cross-cultural comparison"
5915:
5913:
5911:
5909:
5907:
5541:
5539:
5537:
4952:
4693:
4583:
2129:
model, in which interested players can buy playable
1204:
solicited games from hobbyists, written in BASIC or
1131:
11439:"Magicka sells 1.3M copies, 4M DLC packs worldwide"
10337:Antonio G. Di Benedetto; Jay Peters (16 May 2022).
9833:
Playful game jams: guidelines for designed outcomes
9830:
8714:
8712:
7117:
6297:"Tracing the Sprawling Roots of Flash Preservation"
6165:
6163:
5473:
5471:
5469:
5145:"Indie game studios 'will always be more creative'"
4623:
4621:
4619:
4617:
2399:have been awarded various Game of the Year awards.
1612:opening in the late 2000s. In 2012, a documentary,
12547:Creating Games: Mechanics, Content, and Technology
12545:McGuire, Morgan; Jenkins, Odest Chadwicke (2009).
12523:
12065:. January 26, 2023. Event occurs at Steam app id
10877:"Bastion Sells 3 Million, Transistor Hits 600,000"
10685:
9686:
9638:
9265:"Congratulations, Your First Indie Game is a Flop"
9038:"Top Doujinshi Events Most Popular By The Numbers"
6514:
6114:
5827:Iuppa, Nick; Borst, Terry; Simpson, Chris (2012).
5577:
5575:
5503:
5501:
5138:
5136:
4781:
9360:
9358:
8823:"How do I get funding for my indie game company?"
8751:
8718:
8055:
7021:Brey, Betsy; Clarke, M.J.; Wang, Cynthia (2020).
6654:
6652:
5904:
5826:
5679:
5534:
1533:Game Developers Choice Award for Game of the Year
14415:
8983:
8709:
7992:"The 14 Best Games Developed By Only One Person"
7856:"Opinion: Comic Market And Indie Games In Japan"
7458:"Indies on Steam are betting on discoverability"
6160:
5873:
5871:
5869:
5867:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5859:
5857:
5466:
4794:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4658:
4656:
4614:
1647:that any downturn was just part of the standard
1443:successfully raised millions of dollars through
1166:was popular with hobbyist programmers in the UK.
11965:"Loop Hero Sales Hit 1 Million Copies on Steam"
11343:"Slay the Spire passes 1.5 million copies sold"
11179:
10840:"Worldwide digital games market: December 2020"
10568:"Roguelikes: The Rebirth of the Counterculture"
10129:
10010:
8984:Leavitt, Alex; Horbinski, Andrea (2012-06-15).
8432:
7880:
7557:"Make Love, Not War: Five Years Of 'Undertale'"
7524:"How it feels to release an indie game in 2019"
6561:"Can D.I.Y. Supplant the First-Person Shooter?"
6457:"Can D.I.Y. Supplant the First-Person Shooter?"
5993:
5715:"What Does It Really Mean to Be an Indie Game?"
5572:
5545:
5498:
5477:
5133:
4861:
4859:
2661:List of indie games surpassing a million sales
1349:libraries and engines. Dedicated software like
12544:
12480:; Swain, Christopher; Hoffman, Steven (2008).
12033:"Omori Has Sold 1 Million Copies Since Launch"
10064:
9400:"The 'GDC 25' Chronicles: We Have (IGF) Video"
9355:
9256:
8856:"The Changing Face of Video Game Crowdfunding"
8426:
8399:
7020:
6649:
5943:
5581:
5235:
5031:
4938:
2203:the early 1990s, notably with the releases of
1395:was one of several indie games highlighted in
13337:
12647:
8146:"Road to the IGF: Alex Beachum's Outer Wilds"
7153:
6908:"The 10 Best-Selling Video Games of All Time"
6056:
5854:
5058:
4653:
2347:in the first part of each year alongside the
664:
12346:Has Sold Over 1 Million Copies Since Launch"
11277:
8784:
8375:"Opinion: Amateur vs Indie Games - The War?"
8216:"Kickstart to Lightspeed – An FTL Interview"
7688:
7217:
7186:
6123:
4856:
3698:As of September 2021, still in early access
2945:promotion. In 2019, Psyonix was acquired by
1240:(1982) showed highly-experimental gameplay.
273:Specialized / alternative-paradigmatic types
12421:(2nd ed.). Thomson Course Technology.
12219:"Thomas Was Alone surpasses 1M copies sold"
11511:"Indie hit Balatro clears 1 million copies"
10442:"Rust has made more money than Garry's Mod"
9819:Thompson, Berbank-Green & Cusworth 2007
9656:"Driving Indie Games From Margin to Center"
9489:
9432:"11th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards"
9197:Fenlon, Wes; Wilde, Tyler (July 12, 2019).
9196:
8335:
7129:"There are too many video games. What now?"
1401:as indie games entered mainstream coverage.
13344:
13330:
12661:
12654:
12640:
12564:Moore, Michael E.; Novak, Jeannie (2010).
12563:
12521:
11247:"The Guilt of the Video-Game Millionaires"
11180:Nunnely-Jackson, Stephany (May 16, 2024).
10433:
9776:"Global Game Jam 2009: A Worldwide Report"
9653:
9262:
8754:"The Basic Marketing Plan For Indie Games"
8244:
8115:"Risk of Rain hands-on: Retro agoraphobia"
7789:"Indie Game Developers Revive Platformers"
7195:"There are now over 27,000 games on Steam"
6282:
6023:
5682:"GDC: Analyzing Innovation in Indie Games"
5211:"Bastion developer talks indie publishing"
5208:
5043:
5035:
4942:
3055:As of January 2024, still in early access
2215:, "indie" games from fledgling developers
671:
657:
11993:
11865:
11649:"Core Keeper has sold one million copies"
11536:
11471:"One million copies and 5000 mods later,
10532:
9944:
9911:
9714:
9704:
9519:
9424:
9298:"It's time we stopped encouraging indies"
9001:
8483:(Interview). Interviewed by Josh Harris.
8477:"Interview: The Making Of Dwarf Fortress"
7786:
7612:"Cuphead surpasses 5 million copies sold"
7455:
6423:
6236:MARCELO PRINCE, PETER ROTH (2004-12-21).
6029:
5712:
4999:MARCELO PRINCE, PETER ROTH (2004-12-21).
4756:
3668:SgtOkiDoki, Vilaskis, and TheLiquidHorse
1252:Shareware and chasing the console (1990s)
12549:. Wellesley, Massachusetts: A K Peters.
12457:
12276:"Transistor sells over a million copies"
12120:
11621:"Content Warning tops one million sales"
11508:
10810:
10255:"Garry's Mod has sold 20 million copies"
10252:
10219:
10042:"The Endless Play Of The Endless Forest"
9130:
8820:
8442:"Postmortem: Team Meat's Super Meat Boy"
7948:
7918:
7825:"The undying allure of the Metroidvania"
7818:
7816:
7392:"The Problem of the Indie Game Pedestal"
7281:
7159:
7074:
7049:
6839:
6267:
6064:"Introducing the Atari Program Exchange"
5507:
5376:
5142:
2979:As of April 2022, still in early access
2522:
2406:
1874:
1625:
1425:video games could be seen as an art form
1385:
1353:and tools for unified game engines like
1297:
1157:
1095:
983:
11372:
11259:from the original on September 13, 2021
11087:
10913:"Deep Rock Galactic surpasses 3m sales"
10778:Bolding, Jonathan (December 31, 2022).
10777:
10744:
10565:
10471:
10440:Bolding, Jonathan (December 21, 2019).
10439:
10406:
10234:from the original on September 14, 2021
10138:"Terraria State of the Game - May 2022"
10036:
9845:
9549:
8965:from the original on September 16, 2020
8563:
8536:
8302:
8213:
8143:
8080:
7886:
7753:
7694:
7661:
7522:Nelson, Xalavier Jr. (March 12, 2019).
7318:
7016:
7014:
6962:Remains a Queasy, Ultraviolent Classic"
6800:from the original on September 19, 2019
6691:
6624:
6558:
6502:from the original on September 12, 2019
6454:
6205:"Manic Miner 360: Revisiting a Classic"
6068:Atari Program Exchange Software Catalog
5999:
5878:Cobbett, Richard (September 22, 2017).
5877:
5845:
5713:Kunzelman, Cameron (January 15, 2020).
5605:Cobbett, Richard (September 19, 2010).
5604:
5241:
5223:from the original on September 24, 2015
5209:Winchester, Herny (November 14, 2011).
4967:
4868:"Opinion: 'Indie' Has Lost Its Meaning"
3950:Skog, Zorro, Wilnyl, Philip, thePetHen
1763:
1531:became the first Indie game to win the
1230:(1983), incorporated the quirkiness of
14:
14416:
12435:
12376:
12358:from the original on December 15, 2023
12339:
12321:from the original on September 4, 2021
12288:from the original on September 4, 2021
12273:
12255:from the original on 21 September 2023
12216:
12153:
12102:from the original on November 11, 2020
12090:"RimWorld sells over a million copies"
12087:
12012:from the original on November 20, 2023
11898:
11752:from the original on November 23, 2023
11709:
11646:
11404:
11340:
11322:from the original on February 10, 2022
11307:
11244:
11226:from the original on November 26, 2023
11207:
11133:from the original on September 4, 2021
11118:
11033:
10975:
10925:from the original on November 11, 2021
10910:
10874:
10792:from the original on December 31, 2022
10780:"Factorio has sold 3.5 million copies"
10653:
10580:from the original on September 3, 2014
10533:Valentine, Rebekah (14 January 2020).
10369:
10318:from the original on September 4, 2021
10267:from the original on September 8, 2021
10220:Nunneley, Stephany (August 30, 2019).
10102:
10004:
9977:
9893:from the original on September 2, 2014
9773:
9755:from the original on November 12, 2013
9610:"2023 BAFTA Games Awards: The Winners"
9379:from the original on December 24, 2013
9364:
9295:
9229:
8919:
8853:
8733:from the original on December 10, 2017
8719:Thompson, Michael (January 18, 2010).
8682:
8569:
8405:
8284:from the original on February 12, 2016
8180:
8056:Casamassina, Matt (October 22, 2009).
8022:
7853:
7584:
7536:from the original on February 27, 2020
7521:
7366:from the original on December 14, 2016
7269:from the original on December 11, 2015
7223:
7192:
7126:
7050:Argüello, Diego Nicolás (2022-10-26).
6955:
6930:
6905:
6872:
6573:from the original on September 6, 2015
6559:Bearman, Joshuah (November 15, 2009).
6487:
6481:
6469:from the original on December 23, 2019
6455:Bearman, Joshuah (November 13, 2009).
6360:
6342:from the original on February 21, 2014
6217:from the original on 30 September 2019
6202:
6102:from the original on 30 September 2019
5981:from the original on November 15, 2019
5919:
5892:from the original on September 9, 2021
5793:from the original on February 26, 2018
5778:
5760:from the original on December 15, 2017
5647:Irwin, Mary Jane (November 20, 2008).
5619:from the original on December 23, 2010
5428:from the original on November 14, 2023
5391:from the original on November 13, 2023
5190:from the original on September 8, 2015
5127:
4865:
4830:
4809:from the original on February 22, 2014
4627:
3731:Superbrothers: Sword & Sworcery EP
3367:Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment
2949:and in 2020, the game transitioned to
2548:Weird Worlds: Return to Infinite Space
1852:shared the same stage with AAA games.
13351:
13325:
12635:
12413:
12306:
12186:
12168:from the original on February 2, 2023
12121:Nunneley, Stephanny (March 3, 2022).
12030:
11975:from the original on January 11, 2022
11962:
11770:
11737:
11618:
11586:
11308:Bailey, Dustin (September 30, 2021).
11056:
10868:
10856:from the original on January 22, 2021
10759:from the original on December 2, 2020
10636:from the original on January 15, 2022
10504:
10253:Prescott, Shaun (September 7, 2021).
10084:from the original on 23 November 2014
9992:from the original on January 22, 2024
9978:Warner, Noelle (September 20, 2022).
9945:Zimmerman, Aaron (October 20, 2022).
9926:from the original on January 23, 2021
9912:Wiltshire, Alex (February 19, 2018).
9788:from the original on November 1, 2017
9774:Jacobs, Stephen (February 25, 2009).
9737:
9550:Rosario, Alexandra Del (2021-03-25).
9397:
9343:from the original on November 8, 2020
9328:
9112:from the original on October 21, 2019
9097:
8886:
8821:Strebeck, Zachary (August 21, 2015).
8505:
8471:
8372:
8269:
8226:from the original on October 17, 2012
8125:from the original on January 23, 2014
8037:from the original on February 8, 2021
8004:from the original on January 28, 2020
7989:
7868:from the original on February 1, 2020
7823:Nutt, Christian (February 13, 2015).
7813:
7768:from the original on February 1, 2020
7676:from the original on February 1, 2020
7624:from the original on January 16, 2020
7609:
7567:from the original on October 18, 2020
7503:from the original on October 15, 2019
7422:
7389:
7385:
7383:
7381:
7351:
7287:
7254:
7205:from the original on January 15, 2019
7174:from the original on January 11, 2018
7160:McAloone, Alissa (January 10, 2018).
7141:from the original on October 24, 2019
7127:Wright, Steven (September 28, 2018).
6999:from the original on December 1, 2021
6987:"Shovel Knight: An Indie Masterpiece"
6984:
6887:from the original on 7 September 2017
6785:
6781:
6779:
6658:
6591:
6405:from the original on October 15, 2019
6327:
6169:
6044:from the original on February 5, 2016
5745:
5727:from the original on January 15, 2020
5694:from the original on December 5, 2017
5646:
5560:from the original on December 7, 2013
5522:from the original on December 7, 2013
5454:from the original on 27 November 2023
5310:
5278:
5260:from the original on January 21, 2016
5242:Conditt, Jessica (January 21, 2016).
5109:from the original on October 21, 2012
5094:
5073:from the original on November 8, 2012
5039:
4946:
4795:Thomsen, Michael (January 25, 2011).
4731:from the original on December 7, 2013
4668:
1022:The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts
12307:Fogel, Stefanie (October 31, 2018).
12274:Devore, Jordan (December 28, 2015).
12154:Signor, Jeremy (December 13, 2021).
11994:Partleton, Kayleigh (June 1, 2020).
11930:
11880:from the original on 22 January 2024
11833:
11815:from the original on January 6, 2014
11800:
11468:
11436:
11100:from the original on 9 February 2015
10943:
10745:McAloon, Alissa (December 2, 2020).
10547:from the original on 15 January 2020
10535:"Subnautica has sold over 5m copies"
10303:
10135:
10072:"Built to last: the Minecraft model"
9959:from the original on August 18, 2023
9878:
9860:from the original on August 14, 2020
9668:from the original on January 2, 2014
9639:Guevara-Villalobos, Orlando (2011).
9442:from the original on 27 January 2013
9310:from the original on August 14, 2020
9244:from the original on August 16, 2020
9163:
9048:from the original on 10 January 2014
8950:
8835:from the original on August 14, 2020
8799:from the original on January 2, 2014
8787:"Nine Paths To Indie Game Greatness"
8766:from the original on January 2, 2014
8697:from the original on 13 October 2020
8195:from the original on 31 January 2018
8112:
7822:
7554:
7488:
7470:from the original on October 4, 2019
7456:Valentine, Rebekah (July 19, 2019).
7300:from the original on August 19, 2017
7236:from the original on January 2, 2020
7011:
6854:from the original on January 9, 2011
6673:from the original on August 16, 2020
6625:Chaplin, Heather (August 27, 2008).
6540:from the original on October 1, 2020
6525:
6294:
5966:
5409:
5377:Spangler, Todd (November 13, 2023).
5343:
5175:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4901:
4897:
4895:
4826:
4824:
4716:
2542:Strange Adventures in Infinite Space
2012:
1870:
1104:revolution with games developed for
12623:The Creativity of Indie Video Games
12043:from the original on March 19, 2023
11899:Gurwin, Gabe (September 20, 2020).
11738:Jones, Rebecca (October 10, 2023).
11490:from the original on April 27, 2023
11057:Olson, Mathew (25 September 2019).
11036:"Hollow Knight: Silksong Revealed!"
10811:Reynolds, Ollie (January 8, 2024).
10654:Taylor, Mollie (February 4, 2021).
10407:Kennedy, Victory (April 25, 2022).
10388:from the original on March 11, 2017
10096:
9846:Francis, Bryant (August 25, 2017).
9807:Fullerton, Swain & Hoffman 2008
9166:"Valve Changes Online Gaming Rules"
8901:from the original on August 3, 2020
8570:Lipkin, Nadav (December 31, 2012).
8551:from the original on April 18, 2021
8387:from the original on April 18, 2021
8317:from the original on 17 August 2018
8144:Cameron, Phill (January 27, 2015).
7889:"Steam's First Indie JRPG Is a Hit"
7801:from the original on March 15, 2015
7697:"The story of the Touhou sensation"
7642:
7548:
7437:from the original on 18 August 2017
7333:from the original on April 16, 2016
6873:Molina, Brett (15 September 2014).
6637:from the original on March 27, 2019
6606:from the original on August 9, 2014
6426:"Cost headache for game developers"
6424:Takatsuki, Yo (December 27, 2007).
6309:from the original on August 7, 2021
6030:McCracken, Harry (April 29, 2014).
5748:"The 5 Myths of the Indiepocalypse"
5680:Diamante, Vincent (March 6, 2007).
5546:Gamasutra staff (October 4, 2007).
5059:Parker, Laura (February 14, 2011).
2603:resurged following the releases of
2119:using crowd-funding for video games
1550:best-selling video game of all time
1537:D.I.C.E. Award for Game of the Year
24:
12957:List of American independent films
12522:Iuppa, Nick; Borst, Terry (2009).
12458:Chandler, Heather Maxwell (2009).
12340:Hagues, Alana (November 2, 2022).
12229:from the original on 26 April 2014
12187:Lopez, Azario (January 27, 2022).
12135:from the original on March 4, 2022
12088:Bailer, Denis (February 2, 2020).
11963:Adams, Robert (December 9, 2021).
11539:"Why Are 1 Million People Playing
11478:s creator is just getting started"
11405:Reilly, Jim (September 10, 2012).
11373:Matulef, Jeffrey (July 27, 2013).
10911:Calvin, Alex (November 11, 2021).
10606:from the original on 9 August 2023
10486:from the original on July 28, 2020
9620:from the original on April 2, 2023
9412:from the original on July 23, 2021
9398:Scott, Jason (December 22, 2010).
9331:"What causes indie games to fail?"
9277:from the original on June 13, 2018
9178:from the original on March 2, 2016
9145:from the original on June 24, 2020
8932:from the original on April 8, 2011
8868:from the original on June 24, 2021
8854:Futter, Michael (March 18, 2019).
8785:Marsh, David (February 26, 2008).
8752:Hietalahti, Juuso (May 19, 2006).
8537:Safarov, Tom (December 12, 2019).
8508:"INTERVIEW: TOBY FOX OF UNDERTALE"
8406:Totilo, Stephen (August 8, 2007).
8373:Doull, Andrew (February 6, 2008).
8181:Sarkar, Samit (14 February 2014).
8162:from the original on April 2, 2015
7787:Greenwald, Will (April 12, 2013).
7649:Digital Games Research Association
7610:Grubb, Jeff (September 30, 2019).
7489:West, Daniel (September 8, 2015).
7378:
6842:"Why Minecraft Is So Damn Popular"
6840:Plunkett, Luke (January 4, 2011).
6776:
6706:from the original on April 4, 2018
6488:Mysore, Sahana (January 2, 2009).
6375:from the original on July 18, 2021
6361:Mullis, Steve (November 4, 2013).
6295:Chan, Khee Hoon (March 18, 2021).
6203:Donlan, Christian (26 July 2012).
5967:Juul, Jesper (November 15, 2019).
5926:Digital Games Research Association
5358:from the original on July 18, 2023
5325:from the original on July 11, 2023
4968:Carroll, Russell (June 14, 2004).
4880:from the original on July 12, 2021
633:List of video game industry people
25:
14445:
12616:
12377:Fingas, Jon (December 31, 2019).
12000:has sold over one million copies"
11866:Macgregor, Jody (19 April 2020).
11801:Hing, David (December 10, 2013).
11710:Carter, Justin (March 15, 2024).
11691:from the original on 18 July 2023
11661:from the original on July 1, 2022
11509:Robinson, Andy (March 18, 2024).
11088:Minotti, Mike (15 January 2015).
10990:from the original on 29 June 2013
10686:Aleksha McLoughlin (2023-04-18).
10421:from the original on May 14, 2022
10351:from the original on 19 June 2022
10304:Wood, Austin (December 1, 2020).
9211:from the original on July 7, 2020
9098:Smith, Ernie (November 1, 2016).
9066:
9035:
8990:Transformative Works and Cultures
8506:Feeld, Julian (October 9, 2015).
8023:Gordon, Lewis (October 9, 2019).
7835:from the original on May 12, 2015
7754:Ellison, Cara (October 1, 2014).
7709:from the original on 17 July 2021
7662:Ellison, Cara (October 1, 2014).
7352:Graft, Kris (December 13, 2016).
7255:Graft, Kris (December 10, 2015).
7193:Calvin, Alex (January 14, 2019).
6931:Ostler, Anne-Marie (2022-08-30).
6692:Webster, Andrew (April 4, 2018).
6592:Grubb, Jeff (February 14, 2012).
6436:from the original on July 4, 2020
6184:from the original on 26 July 2019
5746:Clark, Ryan (September 8, 2015).
5661:from the original on May 17, 2019
5508:Diamante, Vince (March 7, 2007).
5410:Rowe, Willa (November 14, 2023).
5157:from the original on June 5, 2009
5061:"The Rise of the Indie Developer"
4927:
4892:
4833:"The Rise of the Indie Developer"
4821:
2599:games using roguelike mechanics.
1441:large indie game-related projects
1244:itself advertised its text-based
1132:Home computers (late 1970s-1980s)
13556:
12370:
12333:
12300:
12267:
12241:
12210:
12180:
12147:
12114:
12081:
12055:
12024:
11987:
11956:
11924:
11892:
11859:
11827:
11794:
11764:
11731:
11703:
11673:
11640:
11612:
11580:
11566:
11530:
11502:
11462:
11430:
11407:"Amnesia Sales Pass One Million"
11398:
11366:
11341:Wilson, Jason (March 18, 2019).
11334:
11301:
11271:
11238:
11201:
11173:
11145:
11112:
11081:
11050:
11034:Gibson, Ari (14 February 2019).
11027:
11012:(Press release). April 4, 2019.
11002:
10969:
10937:
10904:
10832:
10804:
10771:
10738:
10709:
10679:
10647:
10618:
10592:
10559:
10526:
10498:
10465:
10400:
10370:Makuch, Eddie (March 10, 2017).
10363:
10330:
10297:
10279:
10246:
10213:
10199:
10184:(Press release). July 22, 2021.
10174:
10160:
10148:from the original on 27 May 2022
10117:from the original on 18 May 2020
10030:
9971:
9938:
9905:
9879:Nutt, Christian (May 21, 2014).
9872:
9839:
9824:
9800:
9767:
9680:
9647:
9632:
9602:
9573:
9543:
9520:Beresford, Trilby (2021-07-22).
9513:
9483:
9454:
9391:
9365:Taylor, Paul (August 26, 2009).
9322:
9296:Warner, John (October 2, 2018).
9289:
9223:
9190:
9157:
9124:
9091:
9060:
9029:
8977:
8944:
8913:
8880:
8847:
8778:
8745:
8676:
8652:
8628:
8586:
8530:
8499:
8465:
8366:
8329:
8303:Mahardy, Mike (13 August 2013).
8296:
8270:Graft, Kris (February 8, 2016).
8263:
8238:
8207:
8174:
8137:
8106:
8074:
8049:
8016:
7983:
7942:
7912:
7847:
7780:
7747:
7731:(in Japanese). 19 October 2018.
7390:Bycer, Josh (October 15, 2019).
7224:Calvin, Alex (January 2, 2020).
6526:Rose, Mike (November 19, 2013).
6328:Blake, Michael (June 22, 2011).
5779:Newman, Jared (March 31, 2017).
5510:"GDC: The Future of Indie Games"
4671:"What Exactly is an Indie Game?"
4586:
1754:
1691:Where the Water Tastes Like Wine
426:Intellectual property protection
149:
94:
85:
74:
65:
54:
45:
12867:Experimental musical instrument
12603:from the original on 2024-01-22
12510:from the original on 2024-01-22
12441:Game development and production
12391:from the original on 2021-09-04
12217:Sarkar, Samit (25 April 2014).
12199:from the original on 2022-02-03
12031:Sinha, Ravi (January 2, 2023).
11945:from the original on 2022-03-31
11913:from the original on 2021-10-25
11848:from the original on 2021-09-04
11834:Kerr, Chris (January 4, 2017).
11783:from the original on 2021-02-28
11619:Blake, Vikki (April 13, 2024).
11601:from the original on 2020-06-02
11555:from the original on 2023-12-15
11469:Park, Morgan (March 27, 2023).
11451:from the original on 2021-09-05
11437:Rose, Mike (January 19, 2012).
11387:from the original on 2021-09-04
11355:from the original on 2021-09-04
11290:from the original on 2023-07-18
11245:Parkin, Simon (April 3, 2014).
11119:Treese, Tyler (April 2, 2020).
11016:from the original on 2021-09-04
10944:Kerr, Chris (January 8, 2020).
10893:from the original on 2015-01-10
10727:from the original on 2022-02-03
10698:from the original on 2023-08-14
10668:from the original on 2021-09-04
10505:Wales, Matt (2 February 2024).
10472:Minotti, Mike (July 28, 2020).
10454:from the original on 2019-12-22
10188:from the original on 2021-07-24
10019:from the original on 2012-04-13
9654:Edge Staff (October 10, 2008).
9591:from the original on 2022-04-15
9562:from the original on 2021-03-26
9532:from the original on 2021-07-22
9502:from the original on 2022-05-29
9490:Barraclough, Leo (2020-04-02).
9472:from the original on 2020-11-09
9367:"Building Buzz for Indie Games"
9018:from the original on 2021-07-21
8487:from the original on 2013-11-12
8454:from the original on 2011-05-07
8247:"The Making Of: Papers, Please"
8245:Edge Staff (January 20, 2014).
8095:from the original on 2024-01-22
7990:Ramée, Jordan (July 28, 2018).
7931:from the original on 2022-02-10
7854:Carter, Ben (August 11, 2011).
7735:from the original on 4 May 2021
7721:
7655:
7636:
7603:
7578:
7515:
7482:
7449:
7423:Muncy, Julie (15 August 2017).
7416:
7345:
7319:Pearson, Dan (April 13, 2016).
7312:
7248:
7093:
7068:
7043:
6978:
6949:
6924:
6899:
6866:
6833:
6812:
6765:from the original on 2022-04-13
6747:
6736:from the original on 2022-06-23
6718:
6685:
6659:Smith, Graham (March 5, 2018).
6618:
6585:
6552:
6448:
6417:
6387:
6354:
6321:
6288:
6261:
6229:
6082:
6012:from the original on 2017-11-09
5839:
5820:
5805:
5772:
5739:
5706:
5673:
5649:"Indie Game Developers Rise Up"
5440:
5403:
5370:
5337:
5304:
5293:from the original on 2016-03-05
5272:
5202:
5169:
5095:Kelly, Kevin (March 17, 2009).
5025:
4992:
4916:from the original on 2015-12-13
4845:from the original on 2016-03-21
4642:from the original on 2016-03-07
2621:(2016) created a resurgence in
2591:(2022), which led to numerous "
2158:
915:as well as publishing support.
911:, but had financial backing of
845:triple-A video game development
12443:. Texas: Wordware Publishing.
11537:Rosenberg, Yair (2023-03-16).
10976:Sarkar, Samit (26 June 2013).
10566:Mahardy, Mike (July 4, 2014).
10011:Ploug, Kristine (2005-12-01).
9131:Brinbaum, Ian (May 30, 2014).
8920:Orland, Kyle (April 6, 2011).
8887:Green, Holly (June 24, 2016).
8113:Tach, Dave (August 23, 2013).
8081:Hayward, Andrew (2012-10-12).
7555:Diaz, Ana (October 17, 2020).
7288:Wawro, Alex (March 15, 2016).
7023:Indie Games in the Digital Age
6170:Baker, Chris (6 August 2010).
5922:Indie Game Studies Year Eleven
5311:Cyrer, Hirun (June 30, 2023).
5143:Crossley, Rob (May 19, 2009).
4757:MacDonald, Dan (May 3, 2005).
2581:(2019), which popularized the
1855:
1837:Recettear: An Item Shop's Tale
1810:Sony Interactive Entertainment
1499:Geometry Wars: Retro Evolved 2
1047:Indie games are distinct from
927:, similarly, was developed by
13:
1:
13311:Social peer-to-peer processes
12406:
11647:Calvin, Alex (July 1, 2022).
11208:Calvin, Alex (May 31, 2019).
10013:"Art Games - An Introduction"
9438:. Game Developer Conference.
9329:Fahey, Rob (April 15, 2016).
9230:Henges, Liz (June 19, 2020).
9164:Case, Loyd (March 22, 2002).
8683:Orland, Kyle (23 July 2012).
8058:"And Yet It Moves To WiiWare"
7075:Corcoran, Nina (2023-03-08).
6906:Sirani, Jordan (2024-07-11).
6730:Game Developers Choice Awards
6255:small or average size games."
5607:"Is indie gaming the future?"
5019:small or average size games."
4759:"Understanding "Independent""
4717:Gril, Juan (April 30, 2008).
4669:Gnade, Mike (July 15, 2010).
4607:
4602:List of indie game developers
3114:The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth
3078:Unknown Worlds Entertainment
2349:Game Developers Choice Awards
2067:
830:
719:in those respective mediums.
628:List of video game publishers
616:List of video game developers
12568:. Delmar: Cengage Learning.
12460:The Game Production Handbook
11587:Marks, Tom (March 5, 2020).
10875:Makuch, Eddie (2015-01-09).
9263:Jan, Matej (June 27, 2012).
7695:PCGamer (24 November 2014).
6985:Matar, Joe (June 26, 2019).
6956:Gordon, Lewis (2022-10-25).
6786:Faber, Tom (July 15, 2019).
6090:"Death of the bedroom coder"
6000:Edwards, Benj (2017-10-27).
5850:. Proceedings of DiGRA 2018.
4866:Pearce, Dan (July 9, 2021).
4831:Parker, Laura (2011-02-13).
4011:Deep Rock Galactic: Survivor
3074:Unknown Worlds Entertainment
2583:roguelike deck-building game
2402:
2045:) or by taking advantage of
1069:on its original release and
1040:Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice
1020:, an associate professor at
643:List of video game magazines
7:
11278:Rich Stanton (2023-07-05).
10103:Warren, Tom (18 May 2020).
8607:10.1007/978-3-030-75867-7_7
7887:Goldman, Tom (2010-10-01).
7585:Walker, Alex (2018-07-05).
6070:. Summer 1981. pp. 1–2
5344:Ngan, Liv (July 11, 2023).
5176:Cook, Dave (May 13, 2014).
4904:"The State of Indie Gaming"
4719:"The State of Indie Gaming"
4628:Dutton, Fred (2012-04-18).
4579:
2415:exhibition during the 2013
2370:What Remains of Edith Finch
2302:
638:List of video game websites
10:
14450:
13554:
12566:Game Industry Career Guide
11931:Kerr, Chris (2022-01-06).
11803:"Fez hits 1 million sales"
11771:Wawro, Alex (2014-03-03).
8951:Diaz, Ana (May 13, 2020).
7949:Fiadotau, Mikhail (2019).
7919:Fiadotau, Mikhail (2017).
6126:Environment and Planning A
5944:McGuire & Jenkins 2009
5582:McGuire & Jenkins 2009
5279:Kamen, Matt (2016-03-04).
5032:McGuire & Jenkins 2009
5006:Wall Street Journal Online
4939:McGuire & Jenkins 2009
2441:Game Developers Conference
2437:Independent Games Festival
2417:Game Developers Conference
2413:Independent Games Festival
2345:Game Developers Conference
2341:Independent Games Festival
2104:
1859:
1771:
1480:had launched in 2005 with
1455:Independent Games Festival
1186:. Print magazines such as
1078:
1055:and other assets under an
933:Warner Bros. Entertainment
562:Advertising in video games
29:
14371:
14287:
14251:
14213:
14107:
14100:
14025:
13941:
13916:
13866:
13831:
13803:
13765:
13756:
13694:
13664:
13634:
13591:
13565:
13492:
13469:
13404:
13381:
13372:
13364:List of video game genres
13359:
13261:
13200:
13165:
13098:
13055:
13046:
12947:American eccentric cinema
12924:
12888:
12879:
12852:
12772:
12763:
12755:Amateur press association
12667:
10474:"Cuphead launches on PS4"
7938:– via Academia.edu.
6755:"Awards Category Details"
4902:Gril, Juan (2008-04-30).
3761:Amnesia: The Dark Descent
2447:held prior to the annual
2321:has introduced gaming to
2054:software development kits
1560:in 2014 and brought into
1474:Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection
931:, but with publishing by
431:Digital rights management
13656:Digital collectible card
12625:Documentary produced by
9706:10.1177/1461444817711403
8352:10.1177/1555412009339732
8214:CjnLion (May 10, 2012).
5814:Culture and Organization
3108:Edmund McMillen/Nicalis
3052:Coffee Stain Publishing
1033:between these extremes.
13741:Roguelike deck-building
13649:Roguelike deck-building
12937:Cinema of Transgression
9693:New Media & Society
8514:. Feeld. Archived from
7964:: 34–84. Archived from
6242:The Wall Street Journal
5846:Jacevic, Milan (2018).
4675:The Indie Game Magazine
3394:Coffee Stain Publishing
2975:Coffee Stain Publishing
1931:Octodad: Dadliest Catch
1598:Five Nights at Freddy's
1585:Five Nights at Freddy's
861:I know it when I see it
806:Five Nights at Freddy's
748:open-source development
158:Part of a series on the
36:Indie role-playing game
14429:Video game terminology
13253:Independent TV station
13182:Independent soft drink
13148:Open-source video game
12662:Independent production
9526:The Hollywood Reporter
6283:Iuppa & Borst 2009
5920:Parker, Felan (2013).
5044:Iuppa & Borst 2009
5036:Moore & Novak 2010
4943:Moore & Novak 2010
4025:Ghost Ship Publishing
3799:Arrowhead Game Studios
2883:Square Enix Collective
2566:FTL: Faster Than Light
2545:(2002) and its sequel
2420:
2293:Strictly Limited Games
2229:bulletin board systems
1957:FTL: Faster Than Light
1885:
1862:Video game development
1635:
1564:. Another indie game,
1402:
1318:
1180:Atari Program Exchange
1167:
994:
701:"AAA" (triple-A) games
699:, in contrast to most
689:independent video game
18:Independent video game
13983:Tactical role-playing
13748:Tactical role-playing
13233:Visionary environment
12932:Independent animation
12251:. 19 September 2023.
11516:Video Games Chronicle
9003:10.3983/twc.2012.0321
8410:. MTV. Archived from
7105:www.gamedeveloper.com
7027:Bloomsbury Publishing
6399:New York Film Academy
4681:on September 27, 2013
4467:As of September 2023
4400:Skul: The Hero Slayer
4210:Daniel Mullins Games
4061:Dust: An Elysian Tail
3780:As of September 2012
3549:Coffee Stain Studios
3526:As of September 2019
2861:As of September 2021
2623:life simulation games
2523:Impact and popularity
2498:Gods Will Be Watching
2439:, held alongside the
2410:
2310:Dunning–Kruger effect
2289:Special Reserve Games
2083:Annapurna Interactive
2027:game development kits
1878:
1819:Touhou Project series
1781:game development kits
1629:
1615:Indie Game: The Movie
1398:Indie Game: The Movie
1389:
1301:
1268:game development kits
1263:video game publishers
1184:Atari 8-bit computers
1161:
1096:Before home computers
987:
888:video game publishers
32:Indie Game: The Movie
14363:Vertically scrolling
13245:Independent circuit
13075:Open-source software
12974:Guerrilla filmmaking
12342:"Cosy Indie Darling
10852:. January 22, 2021.
10136:Loki (23 May 2022).
9436:GameChoiceAwards.com
8660:"Homebrew (Concept)"
8475:(27 February 2008).
8259:on January 22, 2014.
8070:on October 25, 2009.
7199:PC Games Insider.biz
6401:. October 22, 2014.
5450:. 27 November 2023.
5422:Bustle Digital Group
4573:As of December 2019
4545:As of November 2022
4493:As of December 2015
4393:As of December 2021
4390:Thunder Lotus Games
4387:Thunder Lotus Games
4319:As of January 2024.
4296:As of December 2022
4244:As of December 2021
4099:Polytron Corporation
3681:Dyson Sphere Program
3657:BattleBit Remastered
3545:Coffee Stain Studios
3500:As of February 2019
3398:As of November 2021
3269:As of November 2020
3189:As of February 2021
3088:The Binding of Isaac
3048:Coffee Stain Studios
3005:As of December 2019
2807:As of February 2024
2560:The Binding of Isaac
2095:Coffee Stain Studios
2039:open source software
1643:stated in a talk at
1144:BASIC Computer Games
1063:, most notably with
978:The Game Awards 2023
709:digital distribution
495:Downloadable content
13993:Turn-based strategy
13898:Submarine simulator
13704:Action role-playing
13611:Interactive fiction
13213:Amateur photography
12906:Amateur pornography
12854:Musical instruments
12834:Tracker (MOD) music
10209:. 27 February 2024.
10142:forums.terraria.org
10080:. 10 October 2014.
10040:(6 November 2007).
9079:on 10 November 2022
8518:on January 22, 2016
8339:Games & Culture
7971:on February 1, 2020
7643:Ito, Kenji (2005).
7404:on October 14, 2019
6759:www.interactive.org
6138:2006EnPlA..38.1843I
6098:. 24 January 2004.
4970:"Indie Innovation?"
4552:Untitled Goose Game
4519:As of October 2018
4417:As of January 2022
4218:As of January 2022
4136:As of January 2017
4108:As of January 2014
4054:As of October 2023
3929:Extremely OK Games
3808:As of January 2012
3804:Paradox Interactive
3552:As of January 2015
3424:As of January 2020
3372:As of January 2015
3319:As of January 2024
3165:As of January 2022
2868:PowerWash Simulator
2662:
2379:Untitled Goose Game
1679:Untitled Goose Game
1666:market conditions.
1470:PlayStation Network
1323:online distribution
1246:interactive fiction
1106:mainframe computers
1057:open source license
478:Episodic video game
164:Video game industry
125:Kentucky Route Zero
14394:Video game modding
14336:Nonlinear gameplay
13998:Turn-based tactics
13966:Real-time strategy
12677:Alternative comics
10845:SuperData Research
10052:on 13 January 2019
9919:Rock Paper Shotgun
9616:. March 30, 2023.
7230:PCGamesInsider.biz
6958:"Ten Years Later,
6566:The New York Times
6462:The New York Times
4594:Video games portal
4369:As of March 2022.
4345:As of August 2020
3925:Extremely OK Games
3858:As of March 2024.
3379:Deep Rock Galactic
3369:/Supergiant Games
3239:Gearbox Publishing
3141:As of August 2023
3002:Facepunch Studios
2971:Iron Gate Studios
2833:As of August 2019
2660:
2638:The Endless Forest
2421:
2223:(later founder of
2170:Creative Computing
1886:
1845:Tallinn University
1787:, which published
1636:
1462:seventh generation
1403:
1319:
1168:
1151:that included the
1012:16-bit generations
995:
503:Games as a service
14411:
14410:
14407:
14406:
14399:Video game remake
14307:Emergent gameplay
13978:Real-time tactics
13937:
13936:
13876:Flight simulation
13606:Graphic adventure
13552:
13551:
13353:Video game genres
13319:
13318:
13269:Independent media
13161:
13160:
13080:Software cracking
13042:
13041:
12969:Exploitation film
12875:
12874:
12844:Underground music
12792:Open-source label
12777:Independent music
12682:Alternative manga
12596:978-0-471-96894-8
12575:978-1-4283-7647-2
12556:978-1-56881-305-9
12537:978-0-240-81179-6
12503:978-0-240-80974-8
12469:978-1-934015-40-7
11158:GamesIndustry.biz
11046:on 10 March 2019.
10602:. 9 August 2023.
10540:GamesIndustry.biz
10015:. Artificial.dk.
9587:. 24 March 2022.
9585:GamesIndustry.biz
9336:GamesIndustry.biz
9303:GamesIndustry.biz
8616:978-3-030-75867-7
8512:Existential Gamer
8414:on March 16, 2010
7463:GamesIndustry.biz
7326:GamesIndustry.biz
6666:GamesIndustry.biz
6132:(10): 1843–1861.
4577:
4576:
4490:Supergiant Games
4443:As of April 2014
4185:Supergiant Games
4162:As of April 2020
4080:As of March 2014
4076:Microsoft Studios
4046:Black Salt Games
4028:As of March 2024
3932:As of March 2020
3906:As of April 2024
3889:Buckshot Roulette
3832:As of March 2023
3777:Frictional Games
3724:As of March 2019
3650:As of April 2014
3576:As of April 2020
3573:Red Hook Studios
3570:Red Hook Studios
3523:Yacht Club Games
3476:As of April 2019
3405:Enter the Gungeon
3390:Ghost Ship Games
2998:Facepunch Studios
2887:As of April 2024
2852:Facepunch Studios
2588:Vampire Survivors
2529:video game genres
2510:Surgeon Simulator
2396:Vampire Survivors
2276:Limited Run Games
2013:Development tools
1871:Development teams
1785:ASCII Corporation
1725:COVID-19 pandemic
1562:Xbox Game Studios
1206:assembly language
1049:open source games
960:was developed by
947:was developed by
841:independent music
724:personal computer
713:independent music
681:
680:
523:Microtransactions
292:Interactive movie
16:(Redirected from
14441:
14389:Video game clone
14105:
14104:
14101:Related concepts
13908:Vehicular combat
13763:
13762:
13636:Digital tabletop
13616:Interactive film
13576:Grand Theft Auto
13567:Action-adventure
13560:
13517:Platform fighter
13396:Platform fighter
13379:
13378:
13346:
13339:
13332:
13323:
13322:
13301:
13248:
13085:Unofficial patch
13053:
13052:
13002:
12942:Independent film
12886:
12885:
12816:Cassette culture
12770:
12769:
12656:
12649:
12642:
12633:
12632:
12611:
12609:
12608:
12579:
12560:
12541:
12529:
12518:
12516:
12515:
12492:(2nd ed.).
12478:Fullerton, Tracy
12473:
12454:
12432:
12400:
12399:
12397:
12396:
12374:
12368:
12367:
12365:
12363:
12337:
12331:
12330:
12328:
12326:
12304:
12298:
12297:
12295:
12293:
12271:
12265:
12264:
12262:
12260:
12245:
12239:
12238:
12236:
12234:
12214:
12208:
12207:
12205:
12204:
12184:
12178:
12177:
12175:
12173:
12151:
12145:
12144:
12142:
12140:
12118:
12112:
12111:
12109:
12107:
12085:
12079:
12078:
12076:
12074:
12059:
12053:
12052:
12050:
12048:
12028:
12022:
12021:
12019:
12017:
11991:
11985:
11984:
11982:
11980:
11960:
11954:
11953:
11951:
11950:
11928:
11922:
11921:
11919:
11918:
11896:
11890:
11889:
11887:
11885:
11863:
11857:
11856:
11854:
11853:
11831:
11825:
11824:
11822:
11820:
11798:
11792:
11791:
11789:
11788:
11768:
11762:
11761:
11759:
11757:
11735:
11729:
11728:
11726:
11724:
11707:
11701:
11700:
11698:
11696:
11687:. 11 July 2023.
11677:
11671:
11670:
11668:
11666:
11654:PC Games Insider
11644:
11638:
11637:
11635:
11633:
11616:
11610:
11609:
11607:
11606:
11584:
11578:
11577:
11576:. 23 April 2024.
11570:
11564:
11563:
11561:
11560:
11534:
11528:
11527:
11525:
11523:
11506:
11500:
11499:
11497:
11495:
11477:
11466:
11460:
11459:
11457:
11456:
11434:
11428:
11427:
11425:
11424:
11415:. Archived from
11402:
11396:
11395:
11393:
11392:
11370:
11364:
11363:
11361:
11360:
11338:
11332:
11331:
11329:
11327:
11305:
11299:
11298:
11296:
11295:
11275:
11269:
11268:
11266:
11264:
11242:
11236:
11235:
11233:
11231:
11219:PC Games Insider
11205:
11199:
11198:
11196:
11194:
11177:
11171:
11170:
11168:
11166:
11161:. April 29, 2024
11149:
11143:
11142:
11140:
11138:
11116:
11110:
11109:
11107:
11105:
11085:
11079:
11078:
11076:
11074:
11069:on 6 August 2020
11065:. Archived from
11054:
11048:
11047:
11042:. Archived from
11031:
11025:
11024:
11022:
11021:
11006:
11000:
10999:
10997:
10995:
10973:
10967:
10966:
10964:
10963:
10954:. Archived from
10941:
10935:
10934:
10932:
10930:
10918:PC Games Insider
10908:
10902:
10901:
10899:
10898:
10872:
10866:
10865:
10863:
10861:
10836:
10830:
10829:
10827:
10825:
10808:
10802:
10801:
10799:
10797:
10775:
10769:
10768:
10766:
10764:
10742:
10736:
10735:
10733:
10732:
10713:
10707:
10706:
10704:
10703:
10683:
10677:
10676:
10674:
10673:
10651:
10645:
10644:
10642:
10641:
10622:
10616:
10615:
10613:
10611:
10596:
10590:
10589:
10587:
10585:
10563:
10557:
10556:
10554:
10552:
10530:
10524:
10523:
10521:
10519:
10502:
10496:
10495:
10493:
10491:
10469:
10463:
10462:
10460:
10459:
10437:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10426:
10404:
10398:
10397:
10395:
10393:
10367:
10361:
10360:
10358:
10356:
10334:
10328:
10327:
10325:
10323:
10301:
10295:
10294:
10293:. 22 April 2024.
10283:
10277:
10276:
10274:
10272:
10250:
10244:
10243:
10241:
10239:
10217:
10211:
10210:
10203:
10197:
10196:
10194:
10193:
10178:
10172:
10171:
10164:
10158:
10157:
10155:
10153:
10133:
10127:
10126:
10124:
10122:
10100:
10094:
10093:
10091:
10089:
10068:
10062:
10061:
10059:
10057:
10048:. Archived from
10034:
10028:
10027:
10025:
10024:
10008:
10002:
10001:
9999:
9997:
9975:
9969:
9968:
9966:
9964:
9942:
9936:
9935:
9933:
9931:
9909:
9903:
9902:
9900:
9898:
9876:
9870:
9869:
9867:
9865:
9843:
9837:
9836:
9828:
9822:
9816:
9810:
9804:
9798:
9797:
9795:
9793:
9771:
9765:
9764:
9762:
9760:
9741:(May 31, 2002).
9739:Adams, Ernest W.
9735:
9729:
9728:
9718:
9708:
9699:(5): 1953–1972.
9684:
9678:
9677:
9675:
9673:
9651:
9645:
9644:
9636:
9630:
9629:
9627:
9625:
9606:
9600:
9599:
9597:
9596:
9577:
9571:
9570:
9568:
9567:
9547:
9541:
9540:
9538:
9537:
9517:
9511:
9510:
9508:
9507:
9487:
9481:
9480:
9478:
9477:
9458:
9452:
9451:
9449:
9447:
9428:
9422:
9421:
9419:
9417:
9395:
9389:
9388:
9386:
9384:
9362:
9353:
9352:
9350:
9348:
9326:
9320:
9319:
9317:
9315:
9293:
9287:
9286:
9284:
9282:
9260:
9254:
9253:
9251:
9249:
9227:
9221:
9220:
9218:
9216:
9194:
9188:
9187:
9185:
9183:
9161:
9155:
9154:
9152:
9150:
9128:
9122:
9121:
9119:
9117:
9095:
9089:
9088:
9086:
9084:
9075:. Archived from
9064:
9058:
9057:
9055:
9053:
9033:
9027:
9026:
9024:
9023:
9005:
8981:
8975:
8974:
8972:
8970:
8948:
8942:
8941:
8939:
8937:
8917:
8911:
8910:
8908:
8906:
8884:
8878:
8877:
8875:
8873:
8851:
8845:
8844:
8842:
8840:
8818:
8809:
8808:
8806:
8804:
8782:
8776:
8775:
8773:
8771:
8749:
8743:
8742:
8740:
8738:
8716:
8707:
8706:
8704:
8702:
8680:
8674:
8673:
8671:
8670:
8656:
8650:
8649:
8647:
8646:
8632:
8626:
8625:
8624:
8623:
8590:
8584:
8583:
8567:
8561:
8560:
8558:
8556:
8534:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8523:
8503:
8497:
8496:
8494:
8492:
8469:
8463:
8462:
8460:
8459:
8434:McMillen, Edmund
8430:
8424:
8423:
8421:
8419:
8403:
8397:
8396:
8394:
8392:
8370:
8364:
8363:
8333:
8327:
8326:
8324:
8322:
8300:
8294:
8293:
8291:
8289:
8267:
8261:
8260:
8255:. Archived from
8242:
8236:
8235:
8233:
8231:
8211:
8205:
8204:
8202:
8200:
8178:
8172:
8171:
8169:
8167:
8141:
8135:
8134:
8132:
8130:
8110:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8100:
8078:
8072:
8071:
8066:. Archived from
8053:
8047:
8046:
8044:
8042:
8020:
8014:
8013:
8011:
8009:
7987:
7981:
7980:
7978:
7976:
7970:
7955:
7946:
7940:
7939:
7937:
7936:
7916:
7910:
7909:
7907:
7906:
7897:. Archived from
7884:
7878:
7877:
7875:
7873:
7851:
7845:
7844:
7842:
7840:
7820:
7811:
7810:
7808:
7806:
7784:
7778:
7777:
7775:
7773:
7751:
7745:
7744:
7742:
7740:
7725:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7714:
7692:
7686:
7685:
7683:
7681:
7659:
7653:
7652:
7640:
7634:
7633:
7631:
7629:
7607:
7601:
7600:
7598:
7597:
7591:Kotaku Australia
7582:
7576:
7575:
7573:
7572:
7552:
7546:
7545:
7543:
7541:
7519:
7513:
7512:
7510:
7508:
7486:
7480:
7479:
7477:
7475:
7453:
7447:
7446:
7444:
7442:
7420:
7414:
7413:
7411:
7409:
7400:. Archived from
7387:
7376:
7375:
7373:
7371:
7349:
7343:
7342:
7340:
7338:
7316:
7310:
7309:
7307:
7305:
7285:
7279:
7278:
7276:
7274:
7252:
7246:
7245:
7243:
7241:
7221:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7210:
7190:
7184:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7157:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7124:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7111:
7097:
7091:
7090:
7088:
7087:
7072:
7066:
7065:
7063:
7062:
7047:
7041:
7040:
7018:
7009:
7008:
7006:
7004:
6982:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6953:
6947:
6946:
6944:
6943:
6928:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6918:
6903:
6897:
6896:
6894:
6892:
6870:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6837:
6831:
6830:
6828:
6827:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6783:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6751:
6745:
6744:
6742:
6741:
6722:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6711:
6689:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6656:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6611:
6589:
6583:
6582:
6580:
6578:
6556:
6550:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6523:
6512:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6485:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6474:
6452:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6441:
6421:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6410:
6391:
6385:
6384:
6382:
6380:
6358:
6352:
6351:
6349:
6347:
6325:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6292:
6286:
6280:
6271:
6265:
6259:
6258:
6250:
6249:
6233:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6200:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6189:
6167:
6158:
6157:
6121:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6107:
6086:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6075:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6049:
6027:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6017:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5986:
5964:
5947:
5941:
5930:
5929:
5917:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5875:
5852:
5851:
5843:
5837:
5836:
5824:
5818:
5817:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5798:
5776:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5765:
5743:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5710:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5699:
5677:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5644:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5602:
5585:
5579:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5543:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5527:
5505:
5496:
5495:
5475:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5444:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5433:
5407:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5396:
5374:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5363:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5276:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5239:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5206:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5140:
5131:
5125:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5114:
5092:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5056:
5047:
5029:
5023:
5022:
5014:
5013:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4985:
4980:on June 15, 2009
4976:. Archived from
4965:
4950:
4936:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4899:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4863:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4828:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4792:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4769:on June 15, 2009
4765:. Archived from
4754:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4714:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4677:. Archived from
4666:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4630:"What is Indie?"
4625:
4596:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4486:Supergiant Games
4424:Thomas Was Alone
4270:As of June 2020
4240:Devolver Digital
4214:Devolver Digital
4181:Supergiant Games
4158:Devolver Digital
4004:As of July 2023
3980:As of July 2022
3977:Fireshine Games
3903:Critical Reflex
3773:Frictional Games
3754:As of July 2013
3692:Youthcat Studio
3674:As of July 2023
3519:Yacht Club Games
3450:As of June 2013
3420:Devolver Digital
3362:Supergiant Games
3315:Devolver Digital
3311:Massive Monster
3300:Cult of the Lamb
3213:Devolver Digital
3029:As of July 2020
2943:PlayStation Plus
2911:Devolver Digital
2775:As of July 2021
2767:No Brakes Games
2756:Human: Fall Flat
2749:As of July 2024
2663:
2659:
2492:Super Time Force
2451:convention. The
2330:mainstream media
2285:Super Rare Games
2281:special editions
2243:
2087:Adult Swim Games
2079:Devolver Digital
1925:And Yet It Moves
1881:And Yet It Moves
1704:public relations
1657:Devolver Digital
1556:was acquired by
1482:Xbox Live Arcade
1375:independent film
1351:GameMaker Studio
1261:coalesce around
1210:type-in listings
1208:, to publish as
1118:Joyce Weisbecker
929:Supergiant Games
837:independent film
717:independent film
673:
666:
659:
528:In-game currency
153:
146:
145:
137:Alto's Adventure
98:
89:
78:
69:
58:
49:
21:
14449:
14448:
14444:
14443:
14442:
14440:
14439:
14438:
14434:Self-publishing
14414:
14413:
14412:
14403:
14367:
14358:Twitch gameplay
14283:
14247:
14209:
14096:
14048:Survival horror
14021:
13971:Time management
13933:
13912:
13903:Train simulator
13862:
13827:
13799:
13752:
13690:
13660:
13630:
13587:
13561:
13548:
13488:
13484:Survival horror
13465:
13400:
13368:
13355:
13350:
13320:
13315:
13299:
13257:
13246:
13196:
13175:
13157:
13094:
13038:
13019:Low-budget film
13000:
12994:'60s–'70s
12920:
12871:
12862:Circuit bending
12848:
12759:
12745:Self-publishing
12663:
12660:
12619:
12614:
12606:
12604:
12597:
12576:
12557:
12538:
12530:. Focal Press.
12513:
12511:
12504:
12494:Morgan Kaufmann
12470:
12451:
12429:
12409:
12404:
12403:
12394:
12392:
12375:
12371:
12361:
12359:
12338:
12334:
12324:
12322:
12305:
12301:
12291:
12289:
12272:
12268:
12258:
12256:
12247:
12246:
12242:
12232:
12230:
12215:
12211:
12202:
12200:
12185:
12181:
12171:
12169:
12152:
12148:
12138:
12136:
12119:
12115:
12105:
12103:
12086:
12082:
12072:
12070:
12061:
12060:
12056:
12046:
12044:
12029:
12025:
12015:
12013:
12005:PocketGamer.biz
11992:
11988:
11978:
11976:
11961:
11957:
11948:
11946:
11929:
11925:
11916:
11914:
11897:
11893:
11883:
11881:
11864:
11860:
11851:
11849:
11832:
11828:
11818:
11816:
11799:
11795:
11786:
11784:
11769:
11765:
11755:
11753:
11736:
11732:
11722:
11720:
11708:
11704:
11694:
11692:
11679:
11678:
11674:
11664:
11662:
11645:
11641:
11631:
11629:
11617:
11613:
11604:
11602:
11585:
11581:
11572:
11571:
11567:
11558:
11556:
11535:
11531:
11521:
11519:
11507:
11503:
11493:
11491:
11475:
11467:
11463:
11454:
11452:
11435:
11431:
11422:
11420:
11403:
11399:
11390:
11388:
11371:
11367:
11358:
11356:
11339:
11335:
11325:
11323:
11306:
11302:
11293:
11291:
11276:
11272:
11262:
11260:
11243:
11239:
11229:
11227:
11206:
11202:
11192:
11190:
11178:
11174:
11164:
11162:
11151:
11150:
11146:
11136:
11134:
11117:
11113:
11103:
11101:
11086:
11082:
11072:
11070:
11055:
11051:
11032:
11028:
11019:
11017:
11008:
11007:
11003:
10993:
10991:
10974:
10970:
10961:
10959:
10942:
10938:
10928:
10926:
10909:
10905:
10896:
10894:
10887:CBS Interactive
10873:
10869:
10859:
10857:
10850:Nielsen Company
10838:
10837:
10833:
10823:
10821:
10809:
10805:
10795:
10793:
10776:
10772:
10762:
10760:
10743:
10739:
10730:
10728:
10715:
10714:
10710:
10701:
10699:
10684:
10680:
10671:
10669:
10652:
10648:
10639:
10637:
10624:
10623:
10619:
10609:
10607:
10598:
10597:
10593:
10583:
10581:
10564:
10560:
10550:
10548:
10531:
10527:
10517:
10515:
10503:
10499:
10489:
10487:
10470:
10466:
10457:
10455:
10438:
10434:
10424:
10422:
10405:
10401:
10391:
10389:
10368:
10364:
10354:
10352:
10335:
10331:
10321:
10319:
10302:
10298:
10285:
10284:
10280:
10270:
10268:
10251:
10247:
10237:
10235:
10218:
10214:
10205:
10204:
10200:
10191:
10189:
10180:
10179:
10175:
10170:. 10 July 2024.
10166:
10165:
10161:
10151:
10149:
10134:
10130:
10120:
10118:
10101:
10097:
10087:
10085:
10077:The Independent
10070:
10069:
10065:
10055:
10053:
10035:
10031:
10022:
10020:
10009:
10005:
9995:
9993:
9976:
9972:
9962:
9960:
9943:
9939:
9929:
9927:
9910:
9906:
9896:
9894:
9877:
9873:
9863:
9861:
9844:
9840:
9829:
9825:
9817:
9813:
9805:
9801:
9791:
9789:
9772:
9768:
9758:
9756:
9736:
9732:
9685:
9681:
9671:
9669:
9652:
9648:
9637:
9633:
9623:
9621:
9608:
9607:
9603:
9594:
9592:
9579:
9578:
9574:
9565:
9563:
9548:
9544:
9535:
9533:
9518:
9514:
9505:
9503:
9488:
9484:
9475:
9473:
9460:
9459:
9455:
9445:
9443:
9430:
9429:
9425:
9415:
9413:
9396:
9392:
9382:
9380:
9363:
9356:
9346:
9344:
9327:
9323:
9313:
9311:
9294:
9290:
9280:
9278:
9261:
9257:
9247:
9245:
9228:
9224:
9214:
9212:
9195:
9191:
9181:
9179:
9162:
9158:
9148:
9146:
9129:
9125:
9115:
9113:
9096:
9092:
9082:
9080:
9065:
9061:
9051:
9049:
9034:
9030:
9021:
9019:
8982:
8978:
8968:
8966:
8949:
8945:
8935:
8933:
8918:
8914:
8904:
8902:
8885:
8881:
8871:
8869:
8852:
8848:
8838:
8836:
8819:
8812:
8802:
8800:
8783:
8779:
8769:
8767:
8750:
8746:
8736:
8734:
8717:
8710:
8700:
8698:
8681:
8677:
8668:
8666:
8658:
8657:
8653:
8644:
8642:
8634:
8633:
8629:
8621:
8619:
8617:
8591:
8587:
8568:
8564:
8554:
8552:
8535:
8531:
8521:
8519:
8504:
8500:
8490:
8488:
8470:
8466:
8457:
8455:
8431:
8427:
8417:
8415:
8404:
8400:
8390:
8388:
8371:
8367:
8334:
8330:
8320:
8318:
8301:
8297:
8287:
8285:
8268:
8264:
8243:
8239:
8229:
8227:
8212:
8208:
8198:
8196:
8179:
8175:
8165:
8163:
8142:
8138:
8128:
8126:
8111:
8107:
8098:
8096:
8079:
8075:
8054:
8050:
8040:
8038:
8021:
8017:
8007:
8005:
7988:
7984:
7974:
7972:
7968:
7953:
7947:
7943:
7934:
7932:
7917:
7913:
7904:
7902:
7885:
7881:
7871:
7869:
7852:
7848:
7838:
7836:
7821:
7814:
7804:
7802:
7785:
7781:
7771:
7769:
7752:
7748:
7738:
7736:
7727:
7726:
7722:
7712:
7710:
7693:
7689:
7679:
7677:
7660:
7656:
7641:
7637:
7627:
7625:
7608:
7604:
7595:
7593:
7583:
7579:
7570:
7568:
7553:
7549:
7539:
7537:
7520:
7516:
7506:
7504:
7487:
7483:
7473:
7471:
7454:
7450:
7440:
7438:
7421:
7417:
7407:
7405:
7388:
7379:
7369:
7367:
7350:
7346:
7336:
7334:
7317:
7313:
7303:
7301:
7286:
7282:
7272:
7270:
7253:
7249:
7239:
7237:
7222:
7218:
7208:
7206:
7191:
7187:
7177:
7175:
7158:
7154:
7144:
7142:
7125:
7118:
7109:
7107:
7099:
7098:
7094:
7085:
7083:
7073:
7069:
7060:
7058:
7048:
7044:
7037:
7019:
7012:
7002:
7000:
6983:
6979:
6970:
6968:
6954:
6950:
6941:
6939:
6929:
6925:
6916:
6914:
6904:
6900:
6890:
6888:
6871:
6867:
6857:
6855:
6838:
6834:
6825:
6823:
6818:
6817:
6813:
6803:
6801:
6793:Financial Times
6784:
6777:
6768:
6766:
6753:
6752:
6748:
6739:
6737:
6724:
6723:
6719:
6709:
6707:
6690:
6686:
6676:
6674:
6657:
6650:
6640:
6638:
6623:
6619:
6609:
6607:
6590:
6586:
6576:
6574:
6557:
6553:
6543:
6541:
6524:
6515:
6505:
6503:
6486:
6482:
6472:
6470:
6453:
6449:
6439:
6437:
6422:
6418:
6408:
6406:
6393:
6392:
6388:
6378:
6376:
6359:
6355:
6345:
6343:
6326:
6322:
6312:
6310:
6293:
6289:
6281:
6274:
6266:
6262:
6247:
6245:
6234:
6230:
6220:
6218:
6201:
6197:
6187:
6185:
6168:
6161:
6122:
6115:
6105:
6103:
6088:
6087:
6083:
6073:
6071:
6062:
6061:
6057:
6047:
6045:
6028:
6024:
6015:
6013:
5998:
5994:
5984:
5982:
5965:
5950:
5942:
5933:
5918:
5905:
5895:
5893:
5876:
5855:
5844:
5840:
5825:
5821:
5810:
5806:
5796:
5794:
5777:
5773:
5763:
5761:
5744:
5740:
5730:
5728:
5711:
5707:
5697:
5695:
5678:
5674:
5664:
5662:
5645:
5632:
5622:
5620:
5603:
5588:
5580:
5573:
5563:
5561:
5544:
5535:
5525:
5523:
5506:
5499:
5476:
5467:
5457:
5455:
5446:
5445:
5441:
5431:
5429:
5408:
5404:
5394:
5392:
5375:
5371:
5361:
5359:
5342:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5309:
5305:
5296:
5294:
5277:
5273:
5263:
5261:
5240:
5236:
5226:
5224:
5207:
5203:
5193:
5191:
5174:
5170:
5160:
5158:
5141:
5134:
5126:
5122:
5112:
5110:
5093:
5086:
5076:
5074:
5057:
5050:
5042:, p. 252;
5038:, p. 272;
5030:
5026:
5011:
5009:
4997:
4993:
4983:
4981:
4966:
4953:
4945:, p. 272;
4937:
4928:
4919:
4917:
4900:
4893:
4883:
4881:
4864:
4857:
4848:
4846:
4829:
4822:
4812:
4810:
4793:
4782:
4772:
4770:
4755:
4744:
4734:
4732:
4715:
4694:
4684:
4682:
4667:
4654:
4645:
4643:
4626:
4615:
4610:
4592:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4411:SouthPAW Games
4342:Ludeon Studios
3953:Landfall Games
3939:Content Warning
3751:Capybara Games
3624:As of May 2019
3559:Darkest Dungeon
3100:Edmund McMillen
2814:Castle Crashers
2678:
2525:
2476:Global Game Jam
2472:Nordic Game Jam
2453:Indie Megabooth
2405:
2365:The Game Awards
2319:social websites
2305:
2241:
2161:
2149:seed investment
2113:More recently,
2107:
2070:
2060:program or the
2015:
1969:Darkest Dungeon
1873:
1864:
1858:
1806:Tokyo Game Show
1776:
1770:
1757:
1624:
1493:Castle Crashers
1427:; movie critic
1416:Electronic Arts
1384:
1296:
1254:
1134:
1098:
1081:
1026:Handmade Pixels
917:Kellee Santiago
909:thatgamecompany
907:was created by
833:
726:and the simple
677:
648:
647:
611:
603:
602:
598:Game journalism
588:
580:
579:
564:
458:
444:
443:
436:Copy protection
361:
351:
350:
263:
255:
254:
187:
175:
144:
143:
142:
141:
101:
100:
99:
91:
90:
81:
80:
79:
71:
70:
61:
60:
59:
51:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14447:
14437:
14436:
14431:
14426:
14409:
14408:
14405:
14404:
14402:
14401:
14396:
14391:
14386:
14381:
14375:
14373:
14369:
14368:
14366:
14365:
14360:
14355:
14353:Side-scrolling
14350:
14349:
14348:
14343:
14333:
14328:
14321:
14314:
14309:
14304:
14303:
14302:
14291:
14289:
14285:
14284:
14282:
14281:
14280:
14279:
14274:
14261:
14255:
14253:
14249:
14248:
14246:
14245:
14240:
14239:
14238:
14233:
14228:
14217:
14215:
14211:
14210:
14208:
14207:
14206:
14205:
14200:
14198:Climate change
14195:
14185:
14180:
14175:
14170:
14169:
14168:
14156:
14149:
14144:
14139:
14134:
14129:
14124:
14117:
14111:
14109:
14102:
14098:
14097:
14095:
14094:
14089:
14084:
14079:
14074:
14069:
14068:
14067:
14057:
14052:
14051:
14050:
14040:
14035:
14029:
14027:
14023:
14022:
14020:
14019:
14018:
14017:
14015:Grand strategy
14007:
14006:
14005:
13995:
13990:
13985:
13980:
13975:
13974:
13973:
13963:
13958:
13953:
13947:
13945:
13939:
13938:
13935:
13934:
13932:
13931:
13926:
13920:
13918:
13914:
13913:
13911:
13910:
13905:
13900:
13895:
13894:
13893:
13888:
13883:
13872:
13870:
13864:
13863:
13861:
13860:
13859:
13858:
13853:
13843:
13837:
13835:
13829:
13828:
13826:
13825:
13820:
13815:
13809:
13807:
13801:
13800:
13798:
13797:
13792:
13787:
13782:
13777:
13771:
13769:
13760:
13754:
13753:
13751:
13750:
13745:
13744:
13743:
13733:
13731:Monster-taming
13728:
13723:
13718:
13717:
13716:
13711:
13709:Looter shooter
13700:
13698:
13692:
13691:
13689:
13688:
13683:
13676:
13670:
13668:
13662:
13661:
13659:
13658:
13653:
13652:
13651:
13640:
13638:
13632:
13631:
13629:
13628:
13623:
13618:
13613:
13608:
13603:
13597:
13595:
13589:
13588:
13586:
13585:
13580:
13571:
13569:
13563:
13562:
13555:
13553:
13550:
13549:
13547:
13546:
13541:
13536:
13535:
13534:
13521:
13520:
13519:
13509:
13508:
13507:
13505:Hack and slash
13496:
13494:
13490:
13489:
13487:
13486:
13481:
13475:
13473:
13467:
13466:
13464:
13463:
13458:
13453:
13452:
13451:
13446:
13441:
13431:
13426:
13421:
13416:
13410:
13408:
13402:
13401:
13399:
13398:
13393:
13391:Endless runner
13387:
13385:
13376:
13370:
13369:
13367:
13366:
13360:
13357:
13356:
13349:
13348:
13341:
13334:
13326:
13317:
13316:
13314:
13313:
13308:
13303:
13293:
13286:
13279:Do it yourself
13276:
13271:
13265:
13263:
13259:
13258:
13256:
13255:
13250:
13242:
13237:
13236:
13235:
13230:
13225:
13220:
13215:
13204:
13202:
13198:
13197:
13195:
13194:
13189:
13184:
13178:
13176:
13174:
13173:
13170:
13166:
13163:
13162:
13159:
13158:
13156:
13155:
13150:
13145:
13140:
13132:
13127:
13122:
13121:
13120:
13115:
13104:
13102:
13096:
13095:
13093:
13092:
13087:
13082:
13077:
13072:
13067:
13062:
13056:
13050:
13044:
13043:
13040:
13039:
13037:
13036:
13034:Double feature
13031:
13029:No wave cinema
13026:
13024:No-budget film
13021:
13016:
13014:Midnight movie
13011:
13006:
13005:
13004:
12996:
12991:
12986:
12976:
12971:
12966:
12965:
12964:
12959:
12954:
12949:
12939:
12934:
12928:
12926:
12922:
12921:
12919:
12918:
12913:
12908:
12903:
12898:
12892:
12890:
12883:
12877:
12876:
12873:
12872:
12870:
12869:
12864:
12858:
12856:
12850:
12849:
12847:
12846:
12841:
12836:
12831:
12826:
12818:
12813:
12812:
12811:
12806:
12796:
12795:
12794:
12789:
12779:
12773:
12767:
12761:
12760:
12758:
12757:
12752:
12747:
12742:
12741:
12740:
12735:
12730:
12718:
12717:
12716:
12706:
12701:
12700:
12699:
12689:
12684:
12679:
12673:
12671:
12665:
12664:
12659:
12658:
12651:
12644:
12636:
12630:
12629:
12618:
12617:External links
12615:
12613:
12612:
12595:
12580:
12574:
12561:
12555:
12542:
12536:
12519:
12502:
12474:
12468:
12455:
12449:
12433:
12427:
12410:
12408:
12405:
12402:
12401:
12369:
12332:
12299:
12266:
12240:
12209:
12179:
12146:
12113:
12080:
12054:
12023:
11986:
11955:
11938:Game Developer
11923:
11891:
11858:
11841:Game Developer
11826:
11793:
11763:
11730:
11717:Game Developer
11702:
11672:
11639:
11611:
11579:
11565:
11529:
11501:
11461:
11444:Game Developer
11429:
11397:
11365:
11333:
11300:
11270:
11252:The New Yorker
11237:
11200:
11172:
11144:
11111:
11080:
11049:
11026:
11001:
10968:
10951:Game Developer
10936:
10903:
10867:
10831:
10803:
10770:
10737:
10708:
10678:
10646:
10626:"Author tweet"
10617:
10591:
10558:
10525:
10497:
10464:
10432:
10399:
10362:
10329:
10296:
10278:
10245:
10212:
10198:
10173:
10159:
10128:
10095:
10063:
10038:Carless, Simon
10029:
10003:
9970:
9937:
9904:
9871:
9838:
9823:
9811:
9799:
9766:
9730:
9679:
9646:
9631:
9601:
9572:
9542:
9512:
9482:
9468:. 2018-04-12.
9453:
9423:
9390:
9354:
9321:
9288:
9255:
9222:
9189:
9156:
9123:
9090:
9067:Green, Scott.
9059:
9036:Green, Scott.
9028:
8976:
8943:
8912:
8879:
8846:
8810:
8777:
8744:
8708:
8675:
8651:
8627:
8615:
8585:
8562:
8529:
8498:
8464:
8440:(2011-04-14).
8438:Refenes, Tommy
8425:
8398:
8365:
8346:(3): 276–295.
8328:
8295:
8262:
8237:
8206:
8173:
8136:
8105:
8073:
8048:
8015:
7982:
7958:Gamevironments
7941:
7911:
7879:
7846:
7812:
7779:
7746:
7720:
7687:
7654:
7635:
7602:
7577:
7547:
7514:
7481:
7448:
7415:
7377:
7344:
7311:
7280:
7247:
7216:
7185:
7152:
7116:
7092:
7067:
7042:
7036:978-1501356438
7035:
7029:. p. 74.
7010:
6977:
6948:
6923:
6898:
6865:
6832:
6811:
6775:
6746:
6732:. 2021-04-23.
6717:
6684:
6648:
6617:
6584:
6551:
6513:
6480:
6447:
6416:
6386:
6353:
6320:
6287:
6272:
6260:
6228:
6195:
6159:
6146:10.1068/a37205
6113:
6081:
6055:
6022:
5992:
5948:
5931:
5903:
5853:
5838:
5819:
5804:
5771:
5738:
5705:
5672:
5630:
5586:
5571:
5533:
5497:
5465:
5439:
5402:
5369:
5336:
5303:
5271:
5234:
5201:
5168:
5132:
5130:, p. 102.
5120:
5084:
5048:
5034:, p. 27;
5024:
4991:
4951:
4949:, p. 252;
4941:, p. 27;
4926:
4891:
4855:
4820:
4780:
4742:
4692:
4652:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4604:
4598:
4597:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4547:
4546:
4543:
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4469:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4419:
4418:
4415:
4412:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4347:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4338:Ludeon Studios
4335:
4332:
4329:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4314:Tour De Pizza
4312:
4309:
4306:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4266:11 Bit Studios
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4246:
4245:
4242:
4237:
4236:Four Quarters
4234:
4231:
4228:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4194:
4193:
4186:
4183:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4164:
4163:
4160:
4155:
4154:Nomada Studio
4152:
4149:
4146:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4073:
4072:Humble Hearts
4070:
4067:
4064:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4006:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:Dave the Diver
3982:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3958:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3900:Mike Klubnika
3898:
3895:
3892:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3747:Capybara Games
3740:
3737:
3734:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:Slay the Spire
3700:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:Super Meat Boy
3626:
3625:
3622:
3621:Superhot Team
3619:
3618:Superhot Team
3616:
3613:
3610:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:Goat Simulator
3528:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3516:
3513:
3510:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3364:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3290:Wube Software
3288:
3287:Wube Software
3285:
3282:
3279:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:Risk of Rain 2
3219:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3208:Dennaton Games
3205:
3202:
3199:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:Papers, Please
3119:
3118:
3109:
3106:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2955:
2954:
2939:
2936:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2889:
2888:
2885:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:Stardew Valley
2777:
2776:
2773:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2741:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2722:
2721:
2714:
2711:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2649:model such as
2618:Stardew Valley
2612:Shadow Complex
2578:Slay the Spire
2524:
2521:
2516:Goat Simulator
2468:Indie Game Jam
2404:
2401:
2361:Super Meat Boy
2304:
2301:
2206:Wolfenstein 3D
2186:Touhou Project
2160:
2157:
2106:
2103:
2069:
2066:
2014:
2011:
1997:Dwarf Fortress
1991:Super Meat Boy
1963:Papers, Please
1909:Papers, Please
1891:Touhou Project
1872:
1869:
1860:Main article:
1857:
1854:
1772:Main article:
1769:
1762:
1756:
1753:
1736:Stardew Valley
1730:Lethal Company
1649:business cycle
1623:
1620:
1554:Mojang Studios
1510:Super Meat Boy
1383:
1380:
1331:World Wide Web
1295:
1292:
1281:Wolfenstein 3D
1253:
1250:
1232:British humour
1133:
1130:
1097:
1094:
1090:non-commercial
1080:
1077:
1072:Dwarf Fortress
982:
981:
969:Dave the Diver
965:
953:
940:
920:
879:
878:
875:
832:
829:
770:Super Meat Boy
697:game publisher
679:
678:
676:
675:
668:
661:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
624:
623:
612:
609:
608:
605:
604:
601:
600:
595:
589:
586:
585:
582:
581:
578:
577:
576:
575:
570:
558:
557:
556:
555:
554:
544:
543:
542:
532:
531:
530:
520:
514:
513:
512:
511:
510:
499:
498:
497:
492:
487:
482:
481:
480:
475:
473:Expansion pack
470:
459:
450:
449:
446:
445:
442:
441:
440:
439:
438:
433:
423:
418:
412:
411:
410:
409:
408:
406:Content rating
398:
392:
391:
390:
389:
388:
383:
378:
373:
362:
357:
356:
353:
352:
349:
348:
347:
346:
336:
334:Arcade cabinet
330:
329:
328:
327:
326:
321:
320:
319:
314:
309:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
264:
261:
260:
257:
256:
253:
252:
247:
242:
237:
236:
235:
230:
220:
219:
218:
207:
206:
205:
204:
203:
198:
193:
182:
176:
171:
170:
167:
166:
160:
159:
155:
154:
103:
102:
93:
92:
84:
83:
82:
73:
72:
64:
63:
62:
53:
52:
44:
43:
42:
41:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14446:
14435:
14432:
14430:
14427:
14425:
14422:
14421:
14419:
14400:
14397:
14395:
14392:
14390:
14387:
14385:
14382:
14380:
14377:
14376:
14374:
14370:
14364:
14361:
14359:
14356:
14354:
14351:
14347:
14344:
14342:
14339:
14338:
14337:
14334:
14332:
14329:
14327:
14326:
14322:
14320:
14319:
14315:
14313:
14310:
14308:
14305:
14301:
14298:
14297:
14296:
14293:
14292:
14290:
14286:
14278:
14275:
14273:
14271:
14267:
14266:
14265:
14262:
14260:
14257:
14256:
14254:
14250:
14244:
14243:Single-player
14241:
14237:
14234:
14232:
14229:
14227:
14224:
14223:
14222:
14219:
14218:
14216:
14212:
14204:
14201:
14199:
14196:
14194:
14191:
14190:
14189:
14186:
14184:
14181:
14179:
14176:
14174:
14171:
14167:
14166:
14162:
14161:
14160:
14157:
14155:
14154:
14150:
14148:
14145:
14143:
14140:
14138:
14135:
14133:
14130:
14128:
14125:
14123:
14122:
14118:
14116:
14113:
14112:
14110:
14106:
14103:
14099:
14093:
14090:
14088:
14085:
14083:
14080:
14078:
14075:
14073:
14070:
14066:
14063:
14062:
14061:
14058:
14056:
14053:
14049:
14046:
14045:
14044:
14041:
14039:
14036:
14034:
14031:
14030:
14028:
14024:
14016:
14013:
14012:
14011:
14008:
14004:
14001:
14000:
13999:
13996:
13994:
13991:
13989:
13988:Tower defense
13986:
13984:
13981:
13979:
13976:
13972:
13969:
13968:
13967:
13964:
13962:
13959:
13957:
13954:
13952:
13949:
13948:
13946:
13944:
13940:
13930:
13929:Immersive sim
13927:
13925:
13922:
13921:
13919:
13915:
13909:
13906:
13904:
13901:
13899:
13896:
13892:
13889:
13887:
13884:
13882:
13879:
13878:
13877:
13874:
13873:
13871:
13869:
13865:
13857:
13854:
13852:
13849:
13848:
13847:
13844:
13842:
13839:
13838:
13836:
13834:
13830:
13824:
13821:
13819:
13818:City-building
13816:
13814:
13811:
13810:
13808:
13806:
13802:
13796:
13793:
13791:
13788:
13786:
13783:
13781:
13778:
13776:
13773:
13772:
13770:
13768:
13764:
13761:
13759:
13755:
13749:
13746:
13742:
13739:
13738:
13737:
13734:
13732:
13729:
13727:
13724:
13722:
13721:Dungeon crawl
13719:
13715:
13712:
13710:
13707:
13706:
13705:
13702:
13701:
13699:
13697:
13693:
13687:
13686:Tile-matching
13684:
13682:
13681:
13677:
13675:
13674:Hidden object
13672:
13671:
13669:
13667:
13663:
13657:
13654:
13650:
13647:
13646:
13645:
13644:Deck-building
13642:
13641:
13639:
13637:
13633:
13627:
13624:
13622:
13619:
13617:
13614:
13612:
13609:
13607:
13604:
13602:
13599:
13598:
13596:
13594:
13590:
13584:
13581:
13579:
13577:
13573:
13572:
13570:
13568:
13564:
13559:
13545:
13542:
13540:
13537:
13533:
13531:
13527:
13526:
13525:
13522:
13518:
13515:
13514:
13513:
13510:
13506:
13503:
13502:
13501:
13498:
13497:
13495:
13491:
13485:
13482:
13480:
13479:Battle royale
13477:
13476:
13474:
13472:
13468:
13462:
13459:
13457:
13454:
13450:
13447:
13445:
13442:
13440:
13437:
13436:
13435:
13432:
13430:
13427:
13425:
13422:
13420:
13417:
13415:
13412:
13411:
13409:
13407:
13403:
13397:
13394:
13392:
13389:
13388:
13386:
13384:
13380:
13377:
13375:
13371:
13365:
13362:
13361:
13358:
13354:
13347:
13342:
13340:
13335:
13333:
13328:
13327:
13324:
13312:
13309:
13307:
13304:
13302:
13298:
13294:
13292:
13291:
13287:
13284:
13280:
13277:
13275:
13272:
13270:
13267:
13266:
13264:
13260:
13254:
13251:
13249:
13243:
13241:
13238:
13234:
13231:
13229:
13226:
13224:
13221:
13219:
13216:
13214:
13211:
13210:
13209:
13206:
13205:
13203:
13199:
13193:
13190:
13188:
13185:
13183:
13180:
13179:
13177:
13171:
13168:
13167:
13164:
13154:
13151:
13149:
13146:
13144:
13141:
13139:
13137:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13126:
13123:
13119:
13116:
13114:
13111:
13110:
13109:
13106:
13105:
13103:
13101:
13097:
13091:
13088:
13086:
13083:
13081:
13078:
13076:
13073:
13071:
13070:Free software
13068:
13066:
13063:
13061:
13060:Cowboy coding
13058:
13057:
13054:
13051:
13049:
13045:
13035:
13032:
13030:
13027:
13025:
13022:
13020:
13017:
13015:
13012:
13010:
13007:
13003:
12997:
12995:
12992:
12990:
12987:
12985:
12982:
12981:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12972:
12970:
12967:
12963:
12960:
12958:
12955:
12953:
12950:
12948:
12945:
12944:
12943:
12940:
12938:
12935:
12933:
12930:
12929:
12927:
12923:
12917:
12914:
12912:
12909:
12907:
12904:
12902:
12899:
12897:
12894:
12893:
12891:
12887:
12884:
12882:
12878:
12868:
12865:
12863:
12860:
12859:
12857:
12855:
12851:
12845:
12842:
12840:
12837:
12835:
12832:
12830:
12827:
12825:
12823:
12819:
12817:
12814:
12810:
12807:
12805:
12802:
12801:
12800:
12797:
12793:
12790:
12788:
12785:
12784:
12783:
12780:
12778:
12775:
12774:
12771:
12768:
12766:
12762:
12756:
12753:
12751:
12748:
12746:
12743:
12739:
12736:
12734:
12731:
12729:
12726:
12725:
12724:
12723:
12719:
12715:
12712:
12711:
12710:
12707:
12705:
12702:
12698:
12695:
12694:
12693:
12690:
12688:
12685:
12683:
12680:
12678:
12675:
12674:
12672:
12670:
12666:
12657:
12652:
12650:
12645:
12643:
12638:
12637:
12634:
12628:
12624:
12621:
12620:
12602:
12598:
12592:
12588:
12587:
12581:
12577:
12571:
12567:
12562:
12558:
12552:
12548:
12543:
12539:
12533:
12528:
12527:
12520:
12509:
12505:
12499:
12495:
12491:
12488:. Article by
12487:
12483:
12479:
12475:
12471:
12465:
12461:
12456:
12452:
12450:1-55622-951-8
12446:
12442:
12438:
12434:
12430:
12428:1-59200-493-8
12424:
12420:
12416:
12412:
12411:
12390:
12386:
12385:
12380:
12373:
12357:
12353:
12352:
12351:Nintendo Life
12347:
12345:
12336:
12320:
12316:
12315:
12310:
12303:
12287:
12283:
12282:
12277:
12270:
12254:
12250:
12244:
12228:
12224:
12220:
12213:
12198:
12194:
12190:
12183:
12167:
12163:
12162:
12157:
12150:
12134:
12130:
12129:
12124:
12117:
12101:
12097:
12096:
12091:
12084:
12068:
12064:
12058:
12042:
12038:
12034:
12027:
12011:
12007:
12006:
12001:
11999:
11990:
11974:
11970:
11966:
11959:
11944:
11940:
11939:
11934:
11927:
11912:
11908:
11907:
11902:
11895:
11879:
11875:
11874:
11869:
11862:
11847:
11843:
11842:
11837:
11830:
11814:
11810:
11809:
11804:
11797:
11782:
11778:
11774:
11767:
11751:
11747:
11746:
11741:
11734:
11719:
11718:
11713:
11706:
11690:
11686:
11685:Eurogamer.net
11682:
11676:
11660:
11656:
11655:
11650:
11643:
11628:
11627:
11622:
11615:
11600:
11596:
11595:
11590:
11583:
11575:
11569:
11554:
11550:
11549:
11544:
11542:
11533:
11518:
11517:
11512:
11505:
11489:
11485:
11484:
11479:
11474:
11465:
11450:
11446:
11445:
11440:
11433:
11419:on 2021-09-04
11418:
11414:
11413:
11412:Game Informer
11408:
11401:
11386:
11382:
11381:
11376:
11369:
11354:
11350:
11349:
11344:
11337:
11326:September 30,
11321:
11317:
11316:
11311:
11304:
11289:
11285:
11281:
11274:
11263:September 14,
11258:
11254:
11253:
11248:
11241:
11225:
11221:
11220:
11215:
11213:
11204:
11189:
11188:
11183:
11176:
11160:
11159:
11154:
11148:
11132:
11128:
11127:
11122:
11115:
11099:
11095:
11091:
11084:
11068:
11064:
11060:
11053:
11045:
11041:
11037:
11030:
11015:
11011:
11005:
10989:
10985:
10984:
10979:
10972:
10958:on 2021-09-04
10957:
10953:
10952:
10947:
10940:
10924:
10920:
10919:
10914:
10907:
10892:
10888:
10884:
10883:
10878:
10871:
10855:
10851:
10847:
10846:
10841:
10835:
10820:
10819:
10818:Nintendo Life
10814:
10807:
10791:
10787:
10786:
10781:
10774:
10758:
10754:
10753:
10748:
10741:
10726:
10722:
10718:
10712:
10697:
10693:
10689:
10682:
10667:
10663:
10662:
10657:
10650:
10635:
10631:
10627:
10621:
10605:
10601:
10595:
10579:
10575:
10574:
10569:
10562:
10546:
10542:
10541:
10536:
10529:
10514:
10513:
10508:
10501:
10485:
10481:
10480:
10475:
10468:
10453:
10449:
10448:
10443:
10436:
10420:
10416:
10415:
10410:
10403:
10387:
10383:
10382:
10377:
10375:
10374:Rocket League
10366:
10350:
10346:
10345:
10340:
10333:
10317:
10313:
10312:
10307:
10300:
10292:
10291:Eurogamer.net
10288:
10282:
10266:
10262:
10261:
10256:
10249:
10238:September 14,
10233:
10229:
10228:
10223:
10216:
10208:
10202:
10187:
10183:
10177:
10169:
10163:
10147:
10143:
10139:
10132:
10116:
10112:
10111:
10106:
10099:
10083:
10079:
10078:
10073:
10067:
10051:
10047:
10043:
10039:
10033:
10018:
10014:
10007:
9991:
9987:
9986:
9981:
9974:
9958:
9954:
9953:
9948:
9941:
9925:
9921:
9920:
9915:
9908:
9892:
9888:
9887:
9882:
9875:
9859:
9855:
9854:
9849:
9842:
9834:
9827:
9821:, p. 83.
9820:
9815:
9809:, p. 403
9808:
9803:
9787:
9783:
9782:
9777:
9770:
9754:
9750:
9749:
9744:
9740:
9734:
9726:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9698:
9694:
9690:
9683:
9667:
9663:
9662:
9657:
9650:
9642:
9635:
9619:
9615:
9611:
9605:
9590:
9586:
9582:
9576:
9561:
9557:
9553:
9546:
9531:
9527:
9523:
9516:
9501:
9497:
9493:
9486:
9471:
9467:
9463:
9457:
9441:
9437:
9433:
9427:
9411:
9407:
9406:
9401:
9394:
9378:
9375:. p. 1.
9374:
9373:
9368:
9361:
9359:
9342:
9338:
9337:
9332:
9325:
9309:
9305:
9304:
9299:
9292:
9276:
9272:
9271:
9266:
9259:
9243:
9239:
9238:
9233:
9226:
9210:
9206:
9205:
9200:
9193:
9177:
9173:
9172:
9167:
9160:
9144:
9140:
9139:
9134:
9127:
9111:
9107:
9106:
9101:
9094:
9078:
9074:
9070:
9063:
9047:
9043:
9039:
9032:
9017:
9013:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8995:
8991:
8987:
8980:
8964:
8960:
8959:
8954:
8947:
8931:
8927:
8923:
8916:
8900:
8896:
8895:
8890:
8883:
8867:
8863:
8862:
8857:
8850:
8834:
8830:
8829:
8824:
8817:
8815:
8798:
8794:
8793:
8788:
8781:
8765:
8761:
8760:
8755:
8748:
8732:
8728:
8727:
8722:
8715:
8713:
8696:
8692:
8691:
8686:
8679:
8665:
8661:
8655:
8641:
8637:
8631:
8618:
8612:
8608:
8604:
8600:
8596:
8589:
8581:
8577:
8573:
8566:
8550:
8546:
8545:
8540:
8533:
8517:
8513:
8509:
8502:
8486:
8482:
8478:
8474:
8468:
8453:
8450:. p. 1.
8449:
8448:
8443:
8439:
8435:
8429:
8413:
8409:
8402:
8386:
8382:
8381:
8376:
8369:
8361:
8357:
8353:
8349:
8345:
8341:
8340:
8332:
8316:
8312:
8311:
8306:
8299:
8283:
8279:
8278:
8273:
8266:
8258:
8254:
8253:
8248:
8241:
8230:September 20,
8225:
8221:
8217:
8210:
8194:
8190:
8189:
8184:
8177:
8161:
8157:
8153:
8152:
8147:
8140:
8124:
8120:
8116:
8109:
8094:
8090:
8089:
8084:
8077:
8069:
8065:
8064:
8059:
8052:
8036:
8032:
8031:
8026:
8019:
8003:
7999:
7998:
7993:
7986:
7967:
7963:
7959:
7952:
7945:
7930:
7926:
7922:
7915:
7901:on 2010-10-04
7900:
7896:
7895:
7890:
7883:
7867:
7863:
7862:
7857:
7850:
7834:
7830:
7826:
7819:
7817:
7800:
7796:
7795:
7790:
7783:
7767:
7763:
7762:
7757:
7750:
7734:
7730:
7724:
7708:
7704:
7703:
7698:
7691:
7675:
7671:
7670:
7665:
7658:
7650:
7646:
7639:
7623:
7619:
7618:
7613:
7606:
7592:
7588:
7581:
7566:
7562:
7558:
7551:
7535:
7531:
7530:
7525:
7518:
7502:
7498:
7497:
7492:
7485:
7469:
7465:
7464:
7459:
7452:
7436:
7432:
7431:
7426:
7419:
7403:
7399:
7398:
7393:
7386:
7384:
7382:
7365:
7361:
7360:
7355:
7348:
7332:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7315:
7299:
7295:
7291:
7284:
7268:
7264:
7263:
7258:
7251:
7235:
7231:
7227:
7220:
7204:
7200:
7196:
7189:
7173:
7169:
7168:
7163:
7156:
7140:
7136:
7135:
7130:
7123:
7121:
7106:
7102:
7096:
7082:
7078:
7071:
7057:
7053:
7046:
7038:
7032:
7028:
7024:
7017:
7015:
7003:September 14,
6998:
6994:
6993:
6988:
6981:
6967:
6963:
6961:
6960:Hotline Miami
6952:
6938:
6934:
6927:
6913:
6909:
6902:
6886:
6882:
6881:
6876:
6869:
6853:
6849:
6848:
6843:
6836:
6821:
6815:
6799:
6795:
6794:
6789:
6782:
6780:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6750:
6735:
6731:
6727:
6721:
6705:
6701:
6700:
6695:
6688:
6672:
6668:
6667:
6662:
6655:
6653:
6636:
6632:
6628:
6621:
6605:
6601:
6600:
6595:
6588:
6577:September 23,
6572:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6555:
6539:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6501:
6497:
6496:
6491:
6484:
6468:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6451:
6435:
6431:
6427:
6420:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6390:
6374:
6370:
6369:
6364:
6357:
6346:September 25,
6341:
6337:
6336:
6331:
6324:
6308:
6304:
6303:
6298:
6291:
6285:, p. 10.
6284:
6279:
6277:
6270:, p. xxi
6269:
6268:Chandler 2009
6264:
6257:
6256:
6243:
6239:
6232:
6216:
6212:
6211:
6206:
6199:
6183:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6166:
6164:
6155:
6151:
6147:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6131:
6127:
6120:
6118:
6101:
6097:
6096:
6091:
6085:
6069:
6065:
6059:
6043:
6039:
6038:
6033:
6026:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5996:
5980:
5976:
5975:
5970:
5963:
5961:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5953:
5946:, p. 27.
5945:
5940:
5938:
5936:
5927:
5923:
5916:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5896:September 25,
5891:
5887:
5886:
5881:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5849:
5842:
5835:. p. 10.
5834:
5830:
5823:
5815:
5808:
5792:
5788:
5787:
5782:
5775:
5759:
5755:
5754:
5749:
5742:
5726:
5722:
5721:
5716:
5709:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5683:
5676:
5660:
5656:
5655:
5650:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5618:
5615:. p. 1.
5614:
5613:
5608:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5583:
5578:
5576:
5559:
5555:
5554:
5549:
5542:
5540:
5538:
5521:
5517:
5516:
5511:
5504:
5502:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5453:
5449:
5443:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5406:
5390:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5373:
5357:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5340:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5307:
5292:
5288:
5287:
5282:
5275:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5238:
5222:
5218:
5217:
5212:
5205:
5189:
5185:
5184:
5179:
5172:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5146:
5139:
5137:
5129:
5124:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5091:
5089:
5072:
5068:
5067:
5062:
5055:
5053:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5028:
5021:
5020:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4995:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4915:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4898:
4896:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4862:
4860:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4827:
4825:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4730:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4713:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4665:
4663:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4613:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4584:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4446:
4442:
4440:Mike Bithell
4439:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4222:
4221:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4140:
4139:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4022:Funday Games
4021:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3936:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3743:Superbrothers
3741:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3721:
3720:Humble Bundle
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3597:Hooded Horse
3596:
3594:Slavic Magic
3593:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3507:Shovel Knight
3504:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3483:Hollow Knight
3480:
3479:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3196:Hotline Miami
3193:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3148:Slime Rancher
3145:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2922:Rocket League
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:The Behemoth
2829:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2771:Curve Digital
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2651:Rocket League
2648:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2601:Metroidvanias
2598:
2595:" or reverse
2594:
2593:bullet heaven
2590:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2504:Hollow Knight
2500:
2499:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2487:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2418:
2414:
2409:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2335:
2334:niche markets
2331:
2326:
2324:
2323:casual gamers
2320:
2314:
2311:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2265:Humble Bundle
2262:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2132:
2131:beta versions
2128:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:crowd-funding
2111:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2085:, Finji, and
2084:
2080:
2076:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2031:Unreal Engine
2028:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1863:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1767:
1761:
1755:Other regions
1752:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1742:Hollow Knight
1738:
1737:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1628:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:Shovel Knight
1591:
1590:Hotline Miami
1587:
1586:
1581:
1580:
1579:Shovel Knight
1575:
1574:
1573:Hotline Miami
1569:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1360:
1359:Unreal Engine
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1178:launched the
1177:
1173:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1139:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1122:RCA Studio II
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1102:home computer
1093:
1091:
1087:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
992:
991:
986:
979:
975:
971:
970:
966:
963:
959:
958:
954:
950:
949:Jonathan Blow
946:
945:
941:
938:
934:
930:
926:
925:
921:
918:
914:
910:
906:
905:
901:
900:
899:
895:
893:
889:
885:
876:
873:
872:crowd funding
869:
868:
867:
864:
862:
858:
857:
852:
851:
846:
842:
838:
828:
826:
825:
820:
819:
814:
813:
808:
807:
802:
801:
800:Shovel Knight
796:
795:
794:Hotline Miami
790:
789:
784:
783:
778:
777:
772:
771:
766:
765:
760:
759:
752:
749:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
674:
669:
667:
662:
660:
655:
654:
652:
651:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
622:
619:
618:
617:
614:
613:
607:
606:
599:
596:
594:
591:
590:
584:
583:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
563:
560:
559:
553:
550:
549:
548:
545:
541:
538:
537:
536:
533:
529:
526:
525:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
509:
506:
505:
504:
501:
500:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
465:
464:
461:
460:
457:
453:
448:
447:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
413:
407:
404:
403:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
368:
367:
364:
363:
360:
355:
354:
345:
342:
341:
340:
337:
335:
332:
331:
325:
322:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
304:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
274:
271:
270:
269:
266:
265:
259:
258:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
234:
231:
229:
226:
225:
224:
221:
217:
214:
213:
212:
209:
208:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
174:
169:
168:
165:
162:
161:
157:
156:
152:
148:
147:
139:
138:
133:
132:
127:
126:
121:
120:
115:
114:
109:
108:
97:
88:
77:
68:
57:
48:
37:
33:
19:
14384:Toys-to-life
14324:
14317:
14269:
14263:
14214:Player modes
14178:Personalized
14163:
14152:
14120:
14026:Other genres
13956:Auto battler
13924:Falling-sand
13886:Lunar Lander
13696:Role-playing
13679:
13621:Visual novel
13583:Metroidvania
13575:
13529:
13461:Third-person
13434:Shoot 'em up
13419:First-person
13296:
13288:
13274:Indie design
13228:Outsider art
13192:Microbrewery
13135:
13107:
12925:Professional
12901:Amateur film
12821:
12809:Pirate radio
12782:Record label
12720:
12605:. Retrieved
12585:
12565:
12546:
12525:
12512:. Retrieved
12485:
12459:
12440:
12437:Bethke, Erik
12418:
12393:. Retrieved
12382:
12372:
12362:November 29,
12360:. Retrieved
12349:
12343:
12335:
12325:September 4,
12323:. Retrieved
12312:
12302:
12292:September 4,
12290:. Retrieved
12279:
12269:
12259:19 September
12257:. Retrieved
12243:
12231:. Retrieved
12212:
12201:. Retrieved
12192:
12182:
12172:December 13,
12170:. Retrieved
12159:
12149:
12137:. Retrieved
12126:
12116:
12106:November 18,
12104:. Retrieved
12093:
12083:
12071:. Retrieved
12066:
12057:
12045:. Retrieved
12036:
12026:
12016:November 29,
12014:. Retrieved
12003:
11997:
11989:
11977:. Retrieved
11968:
11958:
11947:. Retrieved
11936:
11926:
11915:. Retrieved
11904:
11894:
11882:. Retrieved
11871:
11861:
11850:. Retrieved
11839:
11829:
11817:. Retrieved
11806:
11796:
11785:. Retrieved
11766:
11756:November 29,
11754:. Retrieved
11743:
11733:
11721:. Retrieved
11715:
11705:
11693:. Retrieved
11684:
11675:
11663:. Retrieved
11652:
11642:
11630:. Retrieved
11624:
11614:
11603:. Retrieved
11592:
11582:
11568:
11557:. Retrieved
11548:The Atlantic
11546:
11540:
11532:
11520:. Retrieved
11514:
11504:
11494:November 29,
11492:. Retrieved
11481:
11472:
11464:
11453:. Retrieved
11442:
11432:
11421:. Retrieved
11417:the original
11410:
11400:
11389:. Retrieved
11378:
11368:
11357:. Retrieved
11346:
11336:
11324:. Retrieved
11313:
11303:
11292:. Retrieved
11283:
11273:
11261:. Retrieved
11250:
11240:
11230:November 29,
11228:. Retrieved
11217:
11211:
11203:
11191:. Retrieved
11185:
11175:
11163:. Retrieved
11156:
11147:
11137:September 4,
11135:. Retrieved
11126:The Escapist
11124:
11114:
11102:. Retrieved
11094:Venture Beat
11083:
11071:. Retrieved
11067:the original
11062:
11052:
11044:the original
11039:
11029:
11018:. Retrieved
11004:
10992:. Retrieved
10981:
10971:
10960:. Retrieved
10956:the original
10949:
10939:
10929:November 11,
10927:. Retrieved
10916:
10906:
10895:. Retrieved
10880:
10870:
10858:. Retrieved
10843:
10834:
10822:. Retrieved
10816:
10806:
10796:December 31,
10794:. Retrieved
10783:
10773:
10761:. Retrieved
10750:
10740:
10729:. Retrieved
10720:
10711:
10700:. Retrieved
10691:
10681:
10670:. Retrieved
10659:
10649:
10638:. Retrieved
10629:
10620:
10608:. Retrieved
10594:
10584:December 23,
10582:. Retrieved
10571:
10561:
10549:. Retrieved
10538:
10528:
10516:. Retrieved
10510:
10500:
10488:. Retrieved
10479:Venture Beat
10477:
10467:
10456:. Retrieved
10445:
10435:
10423:. Retrieved
10412:
10402:
10390:. Retrieved
10379:
10373:
10365:
10353:. Retrieved
10342:
10332:
10322:September 4,
10320:. Retrieved
10309:
10299:
10290:
10281:
10271:September 7,
10269:. Retrieved
10258:
10248:
10236:. Retrieved
10225:
10215:
10201:
10190:. Retrieved
10176:
10162:
10150:. Retrieved
10141:
10131:
10119:. Retrieved
10108:
10098:
10086:. Retrieved
10075:
10066:
10054:. Retrieved
10050:the original
10046:GameSetWatch
10045:
10032:
10021:. Retrieved
10006:
9996:December 29,
9994:. Retrieved
9983:
9973:
9961:. Retrieved
9952:Ars Technica
9950:
9940:
9930:February 19,
9928:. Retrieved
9917:
9907:
9895:. Retrieved
9884:
9874:
9862:. Retrieved
9851:
9841:
9832:
9826:
9814:
9802:
9790:. Retrieved
9779:
9769:
9757:. Retrieved
9746:
9733:
9696:
9692:
9682:
9670:. Retrieved
9659:
9649:
9640:
9634:
9622:. Retrieved
9604:
9593:. Retrieved
9584:
9575:
9564:. Retrieved
9555:
9545:
9534:. Retrieved
9525:
9515:
9504:. Retrieved
9495:
9485:
9474:. Retrieved
9465:
9456:
9444:. Retrieved
9435:
9426:
9414:. Retrieved
9403:
9393:
9383:February 24,
9381:. Retrieved
9370:
9345:. Retrieved
9334:
9324:
9312:. Retrieved
9301:
9291:
9279:. Retrieved
9268:
9258:
9246:. Retrieved
9235:
9225:
9213:. Retrieved
9202:
9192:
9182:February 14,
9180:. Retrieved
9169:
9159:
9147:. Retrieved
9136:
9126:
9114:. Retrieved
9103:
9093:
9081:. Retrieved
9077:the original
9072:
9062:
9050:. Retrieved
9041:
9031:
9020:. Retrieved
8993:
8989:
8979:
8967:. Retrieved
8956:
8946:
8934:. Retrieved
8915:
8903:. Retrieved
8892:
8882:
8870:. Retrieved
8859:
8849:
8837:. Retrieved
8826:
8801:. Retrieved
8790:
8780:
8768:. Retrieved
8757:
8747:
8735:. Retrieved
8726:Ars Technica
8724:
8699:. Retrieved
8690:Ars Technica
8688:
8678:
8667:. Retrieved
8663:
8654:
8643:. Retrieved
8639:
8630:
8620:, retrieved
8598:
8588:
8579:
8575:
8565:
8553:. Retrieved
8542:
8532:
8520:. Retrieved
8516:the original
8511:
8501:
8489:. Retrieved
8480:
8467:
8456:. Retrieved
8445:
8428:
8418:February 19,
8416:. Retrieved
8412:the original
8401:
8389:. Retrieved
8378:
8368:
8343:
8337:
8331:
8319:. Retrieved
8308:
8298:
8286:. Retrieved
8275:
8265:
8257:the original
8250:
8240:
8228:. Retrieved
8209:
8197:. Retrieved
8186:
8176:
8164:. Retrieved
8149:
8139:
8127:. Retrieved
8108:
8097:. Retrieved
8086:
8076:
8068:the original
8061:
8051:
8039:. Retrieved
8028:
8018:
8006:. Retrieved
7995:
7985:
7973:. Retrieved
7966:the original
7961:
7957:
7944:
7933:. Retrieved
7924:
7914:
7903:. Retrieved
7899:the original
7894:The Escapist
7892:
7882:
7870:. Retrieved
7859:
7849:
7839:February 13,
7837:. Retrieved
7803:. Retrieved
7792:
7782:
7770:. Retrieved
7761:The Guardian
7759:
7749:
7737:. Retrieved
7723:
7711:. Retrieved
7700:
7690:
7678:. Retrieved
7669:The Guardian
7667:
7657:
7644:
7638:
7626:. Retrieved
7617:Venture Beat
7615:
7605:
7594:. Retrieved
7590:
7580:
7569:. Retrieved
7560:
7550:
7538:. Retrieved
7527:
7517:
7505:. Retrieved
7494:
7484:
7472:. Retrieved
7461:
7451:
7439:. Retrieved
7428:
7418:
7406:. Retrieved
7402:the original
7395:
7370:December 13,
7368:. Retrieved
7357:
7347:
7335:. Retrieved
7324:
7314:
7302:. Retrieved
7283:
7273:December 10,
7271:. Retrieved
7260:
7250:
7238:. Retrieved
7229:
7219:
7207:. Retrieved
7198:
7188:
7176:. Retrieved
7165:
7155:
7143:. Retrieved
7132:
7108:. Retrieved
7104:
7095:
7084:. Retrieved
7080:
7070:
7059:. Retrieved
7055:
7045:
7022:
7001:. Retrieved
6990:
6980:
6969:. Retrieved
6965:
6959:
6951:
6940:. Retrieved
6936:
6926:
6915:. Retrieved
6911:
6901:
6889:. Retrieved
6878:
6868:
6856:. Retrieved
6845:
6835:
6824:. Retrieved
6822:. 2023-10-16
6814:
6802:. Retrieved
6791:
6767:. Retrieved
6758:
6749:
6738:. Retrieved
6729:
6720:
6708:. Retrieved
6697:
6687:
6675:. Retrieved
6664:
6639:. Retrieved
6630:
6620:
6608:. Retrieved
6599:Venture Beat
6597:
6587:
6575:. Retrieved
6564:
6554:
6542:. Retrieved
6531:
6504:. Retrieved
6495:Venture Beat
6493:
6483:
6471:. Retrieved
6460:
6450:
6438:. Retrieved
6419:
6407:. Retrieved
6389:
6377:. Retrieved
6366:
6356:
6344:. Retrieved
6333:
6323:
6311:. Retrieved
6300:
6290:
6263:
6253:
6252:
6246:. Retrieved
6231:
6221:30 September
6219:. Retrieved
6208:
6198:
6188:30 September
6186:. Retrieved
6175:
6129:
6125:
6106:30 September
6104:. Retrieved
6095:The Guardian
6093:
6084:
6072:. Retrieved
6067:
6058:
6046:. Retrieved
6035:
6025:
6014:. Retrieved
6006:Fast Company
6005:
5995:
5985:November 15,
5983:. Retrieved
5972:
5921:
5894:. Retrieved
5883:
5847:
5841:
5828:
5822:
5813:
5807:
5797:December 14,
5795:. Retrieved
5784:
5774:
5764:December 14,
5762:. Retrieved
5751:
5741:
5729:. Retrieved
5718:
5708:
5696:. Retrieved
5685:
5675:
5663:. Retrieved
5652:
5623:February 24,
5621:. Retrieved
5610:
5584:, p. 27
5564:February 25,
5562:. Retrieved
5551:
5524:. Retrieved
5513:
5483:
5480:Game Studies
5479:
5456:. Retrieved
5442:
5432:November 15,
5430:. Retrieved
5415:
5405:
5395:November 14,
5393:. Retrieved
5382:
5372:
5362:November 14,
5360:. Retrieved
5349:
5339:
5329:November 14,
5327:. Retrieved
5316:
5306:
5295:. Retrieved
5284:
5274:
5262:. Retrieved
5247:
5237:
5225:. Retrieved
5214:
5204:
5192:. Retrieved
5181:
5171:
5159:. Retrieved
5148:
5123:
5111:. Retrieved
5100:
5075:. Retrieved
5064:
5046:, p. 10
5027:
5017:
5016:
5010:. Retrieved
5004:
4994:
4982:. Retrieved
4978:the original
4973:
4918:. Retrieved
4907:
4882:. Retrieved
4871:
4847:. Retrieved
4836:
4811:. Retrieved
4800:
4771:. Retrieved
4767:the original
4762:
4733:. Retrieved
4722:
4683:. Retrieved
4679:the original
4674:
4644:. Retrieved
4633:
4550:
4541:Humble Games
4524:
4498:
4472:
4464:Mechanistry
4461:Mechanistry
4448:
4436:Mike Bithell
4422:
4398:
4374:
4350:
4324:
4301:
4275:
4262:Digital Sun
4249:
4223:
4197:
4190:early access
4167:
4141:
4113:
4085:
4059:
4033:
4009:
3985:
3961:
3937:
3911:
3887:
3863:
3837:
3829:Tuxedo Labs
3826:Tuxedo Labs
3813:
3785:
3759:
3729:
3703:
3695:Gamera Game
3679:
3655:
3629:
3605:
3581:
3557:
3531:
3505:
3497:Team Cherry
3494:Team Cherry
3481:
3468:Hopoo Games
3457:Risk of Rain
3455:
3429:
3403:
3377:
3348:
3324:
3298:
3274:
3266:Motion Twin
3248:
3235:Hopoo Games
3222:
3194:
3170:
3162:Monomi Park
3159:Monomi Park
3146:
3122:
3112:
3086:
3060:
3036:Satisfactory
3034:
3026:Studio MDHR
3023:Studio MDHR
3010:
2984:
2958:
2951:free to play
2920:
2892:
2866:
2838:
2826:The Behemoth
2812:
2799:ConcernedApe
2794:ConcernedApe
2780:
2754:
2725:
2717:
2695:
2654:
2650:
2647:free-to-play
2643:
2636:
2630:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2586:
2576:
2572:Rogue Legacy
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2540:
2526:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2462:, including
2458:
2430:
2422:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2338:
2327:
2315:
2306:
2297:
2273:
2269:
2258:
2244:
2236:
2234:
2210:
2204:
2196:
2189:
2185:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2159:Distribution
2142:
2135:
2127:early access
2124:
2112:
2108:
2071:
2051:
2019:game engines
2016:
2008:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1941:
1937:Risk of Rain
1935:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1879:
1865:
1842:
1835:
1832:Metroidvania
1827:
1817:
1802:
1794:
1788:
1777:
1765:
1758:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1696:
1689:
1685:No Man's Sky
1683:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1660:
1637:
1613:
1602:Mobile games
1597:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1582:(2014), and
1577:
1571:
1565:
1548:(2011), the
1543:
1541:
1527:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1459:
1450:World of Goo
1448:
1436:crowdfunding
1433:
1413:
1404:
1396:
1390:
1367:
1364:
1320:
1312:
1309:browser game
1302:
1285:
1284:in 1992 and
1279:
1272:
1255:
1237:Alien Garden
1235:
1225:
1214:
1199:
1193:
1187:
1169:
1149:David H. Ahl
1142:
1135:
1116:
1109:
1099:
1082:
1070:
1064:
1046:
1038:
1035:Ninja Theory
1031:
1025:
1016:
996:
988:
967:
957:No Man's Sky
955:
942:
922:
902:
896:
892:crowdfunding
883:
880:
865:
854:
848:
834:
822:
816:
810:
804:
798:
792:
786:
780:
774:
768:
762:
756:
753:
744:
740:file sharing
721:
688:
687:, short for
684:
682:
593:Game studies
518:Free-to-play
508:Cloud gaming
490:Crowdfunding
485:Early access
456:monetization
452:Distribution
396:Localization
286:
272:
216:Level design
135:
129:
123:
117:
111:
105:
14424:Indie games
14300:Hypercasual
14221:Multiplayer
14137:Educational
14087:Programming
14082:Photography
14055:Incremental
13851:Kart racing
13795:Virtual pet
13626:Walking sim
13601:Escape room
13500:Beat 'em up
13439:Bullet hell
13306:Maker Faire
13247:(wrestling)
13187:Homebrewing
13113:development
13108:Indie games
13100:Video games
13090:Warez scene
12999:'80s–
12896:Home movies
12829:Lo-fi music
12750:Small press
12728:conventions
12490:Justin Hall
12419:Game Design
12281:Destructoid
12193:Noisy Pixel
12073:January 26,
12069:VG Insights
12067:Pizza Tower
11998:Moonlighter
11996:"Indie RPG
11969:Tech Raptor
11073:23 November
11040:Team Cherry
10860:January 22,
10763:December 2,
10088:13 November
9985:Destructoid
9963:October 27,
9672:December 4,
9661:Edge Online
9281:December 4,
9171:PC Magazine
9083:28 December
9073:Crunchyroll
9052:28 December
9042:Crunchyroll
8936:October 16,
8803:December 4,
8770:December 4,
8737:December 4,
8582:(11): 8–24.
8522:January 20,
8473:Adams, Tarn
8288:February 8,
8220:Destructoid
8129:January 23,
8041:January 28,
8008:January 28,
7975:February 1,
7872:February 1,
7794:PC Magazine
7772:February 1,
7680:February 1,
7628:January 28,
7540:October 15,
7507:October 15,
7474:October 15,
7408:October 15,
7209:January 14,
7178:January 10,
7145:October 15,
6992:Den of Geek
6891:5 September
6858:February 4,
6641:February 4,
6610:October 15,
6506:January 29,
6473:January 20,
6409:October 15,
5731:January 15,
5698:December 4,
5665:January 10,
5526:January 18,
5458:27 November
5264:January 21,
5161:January 18,
5128:Bethke 2003
5113:February 4,
5077:December 4,
4984:February 7,
4813:December 4,
4773:January 18,
4763:Game Tunnel
4735:January 14,
4564:House House
4537:Witch Beam
4376:Spiritfarer
4303:Pizza Tower
4251:Moonlighter
4199:Inscryption
4127:Campo Santo
3963:Core Keeper
3850:LocalThunk
3671:SgtOkiDoki
3583:Manor Lords
3472:Chucklefish
3416:Dodge Roll
3340:Innersloth
3337:Innersloth
3262:Motion Twin
3186:Beat Games
3183:Beat Games
2840:Garry's Mod
2803:Chucklefish
2635:(2003) and
2609:(2004) and
2597:bullet hell
2569:(2012) and
2480:Double Fine
2433:trade shows
2390:Inscryption
2375:Outer Wilds
2221:Tim Sweeney
2217:id Software
2153:public arts
2091:Chucklefish
1943:Outer Wilds
1897:Axiom Verge
1856:Development
1815:bullet hell
1774:Doujin soft
1717:(2015) and
1610:Google Play
1445:Kickstarter
1429:Roger Ebert
1347:open source
1343:game engine
1335:Adobe Flash
1227:Manic Miner
1217:ZX Spectrum
1176:Atari, Inc.
1164:ZX Spectrum
1153:source code
1053:source code
1018:Jesper Juul
1004:retro style
962:Hello Games
952:publishing.
944:The Witness
552:Battle pass
547:Season pass
463:Buy-to-play
386:South Korea
223:Programming
173:Development
14418:Categories
14341:Open world
14252:Production
14173:Nonviolent
13856:Sim racing
13823:Government
13758:Simulation
13449:Twin-stick
13383:Platformer
13300:(magazine)
13118:developers
12984:Golden Age
12962:Mumblecore
12607:2020-10-18
12514:2020-10-18
12415:Bates, Bob
12407:Literature
12395:2021-09-04
12203:2022-02-03
12037:GamingBolt
11979:January 9,
11949:2022-01-10
11917:2021-09-04
11852:2021-09-04
11819:January 4,
11787:2014-03-03
11605:2021-09-04
11559:2023-11-28
11455:2021-09-05
11423:2021-09-04
11391:2021-09-04
11359:2021-09-04
11294:2023-08-02
11104:4 February
11020:2021-09-04
10962:2021-09-04
10897:2015-01-09
10824:January 8,
10731:2022-02-03
10702:2023-08-14
10672:2021-09-04
10640:2022-01-13
10551:14 January
10518:2 February
10458:2021-09-05
10311:GamesRadar
10192:2021-09-05
10056:August 31,
10023:2012-11-15
9897:August 30,
9864:August 27,
9595:2022-07-19
9566:2022-06-29
9536:2022-06-29
9506:2022-06-29
9476:2022-06-29
9347:August 27,
9314:August 28,
9248:August 26,
9215:August 26,
9149:August 26,
9116:August 26,
9022:2021-07-21
8969:August 24,
8905:August 24,
8872:August 24,
8839:August 24,
8669:2024-07-30
8664:Giant Bomb
8645:2024-07-30
8622:2024-07-30
8555:August 28,
8458:2011-04-14
8391:August 31,
8199:30 January
8099:2015-06-13
7935:2020-03-24
7905:2010-12-21
7596:2024-03-27
7571:2023-11-12
7240:January 2,
7110:2024-07-15
7086:2024-07-15
7061:2024-07-15
6971:2024-07-15
6966:The Ringer
6942:2024-07-15
6937:gamesradar
6917:2024-07-15
6826:2024-07-15
6804:October 1,
6769:2022-06-29
6740:2022-06-29
6677:August 26,
6544:August 26,
6440:August 31,
6248:2013-07-01
6048:August 24,
6016:2017-10-27
5318:GamesRadar
5297:2016-03-04
5227:August 26,
5040:Bates 2004
5012:2013-07-01
4974:GameTunnel
4947:Bates 2004
4920:2016-03-04
4849:2016-03-04
4685:January 9,
4646:2016-03-04
4608:References
4569:Panic Inc.
4474:Transistor
4450:Timberborn
4132:Panic Inc.
3998:Mintocket
3647:Team Meat
3250:Dead Cells
3172:Beat Saber
3062:Subnautica
2947:Epic Games
2906:Mediatonic
2743:Re-Logic,
2687:Publisher
2684:Developer
2675:(millions)
2606:Cave Story
2533:roguelikes
2474:, and the
2464:Ludum Dare
2435:, such as
2251:built the
2245:FilePlanet
2225:Epic Games
2165:mail order
2145:Indie Fund
2068:Publishers
2023:middleware
1903:Cave Story
1828:Cave Story
1641:Jeff Vogel
1420:Activision
1369:Cave Story
1339:middleware
1307:is a 2004
1172:mail order
831:Definition
758:Cave Story
738:and other
732:mail order
705:innovation
693:video game
685:indie game
401:Censorship
359:Publishing
297:Nonviolent
268:Video game
201:Programmer
14127:Christian
14115:Advergame
14003:Artillery
13736:Roguelike
13714:Soulslike
13593:Adventure
13429:Light gun
13283:DIY ethic
13240:Indie RPG
13223:Naïve art
13208:Indie art
13065:Demoscene
12952:Indiewood
12916:Machinima
12722:Doujinshi
12709:Minicomic
12589:. Wiley.
12344:Unpacking
12047:March 18,
11777:Gamasutra
11723:March 15,
11632:April 13,
11626:Eurogamer
11594:IGN India
11522:March 18,
11380:Eurogamer
11348:GamesBeat
11165:April 29,
10752:Gamasutra
10692:TechRadar
10512:Eurogamer
10414:Eurogamer
10392:March 10,
10344:The Verge
10110:The Verge
9886:Gamasutra
9853:Gamasutra
9792:March 30,
9781:Gamasutra
9748:Gamasutra
9624:March 30,
9405:Gamasutra
9372:Gamasutra
9270:Gamasutra
9237:Gamasutra
9012:1941-2258
8958:The Verge
8926:Gamasutra
8894:Gamasutra
8828:Gamasutra
8792:Gamasutra
8759:Gamasutra
8701:24 August
8640:arxiv.org
8544:Gamasutra
8481:Gamasutra
8447:Gamasutra
8380:Gamasutra
8321:16 August
8277:Gamasutra
8166:March 11,
8151:Gamasutra
8030:The Verge
7861:Gamasutra
7829:Gamasutra
7805:March 14,
7496:Gamasutra
7441:17 August
7397:Gamasutra
7359:Gamasutra
7337:April 13,
7304:March 15,
7294:Gamasutra
7262:Gamasutra
7167:Gamasutra
7081:Pitchfork
7056:The Verge
6880:USA Today
6699:The Verge
6533:Gamasutra
6313:March 18,
6210:Eurogamer
6154:143373406
5833:CRC Press
5753:Gamasutra
5687:Gamasutra
5612:TechRadar
5553:Gamasutra
5515:Gamasutra
5492:1604-7982
5351:Eurogamer
5194:April 26,
4909:Gamasutra
4724:Gamasutra
4635:Eurogamer
4526:Unpacking
4516:Toby Fox
4500:Undertale
4225:Loop Hero
4115:Firewatch
3974:Pugstorm
3879:Blobfish
3876:Blobfish
3854:Playstack
3716:MegaCrit
3643:Team Meat
3447:Playdead
3138:3909 LLC
3135:3909 LLC
2894:Fall Guys
2879:FuturLab
2745:505 Games
2718:Minecraft
2697:Minecraft
2655:Minecraft
2627:Art games
2460:Game jams
2445:IndieCade
2403:Community
2357:Minecraft
2200:shareware
2137:Minecraft
2041:(such as
2003:Undertale
1975:Gone Home
1796:RPG Maker
1764:Japanese
1714:Undertale
1662:Gamasutra
1632:Steam Spy
1606:App Store
1558:Microsoft
1545:Minecraft
1466:Xbox Live
1325:over the
1275:Shareware
1258:3D gaming
1162:The 1982
1111:Spacewar!
937:Xbox Live
812:Undertale
782:Minecraft
736:shareware
573:Advergame
344:Accessory
185:Developer
14379:Minigame
14331:Masocore
14277:Fan game
14147:Licensed
14072:Non-game
13943:Strategy
13813:Business
13512:Fighting
13471:Survival
13456:Tactical
13218:Mail art
13153:ROM hack
13130:Fan game
13125:Homebrew
13048:Software
12911:Fan film
12787:Netlabel
12733:printers
12697:business
12692:Webcomic
12627:Off Book
12601:Archived
12508:Archived
12439:(2003).
12417:(2004).
12389:Archived
12384:Engadget
12356:Archived
12319:Archived
12286:Archived
12253:Archived
12233:25 April
12227:Archived
12197:Archived
12166:Archived
12139:March 4,
12133:Archived
12100:Archived
12095:PCGamesN
12041:Archived
12010:Archived
11973:Archived
11943:Archived
11911:Archived
11906:GameSpot
11884:20 April
11878:Archived
11873:PC Gamer
11846:Archived
11813:Archived
11808:bit-tech
11781:Archived
11750:Archived
11689:Archived
11659:Archived
11599:Archived
11553:Archived
11488:Archived
11483:PC Gamer
11473:Teardown
11449:Archived
11385:Archived
11353:Archived
11320:Archived
11315:PCGamesN
11288:Archived
11284:PC Gamer
11257:Archived
11224:Archived
11212:Superhot
11131:Archived
11098:Archived
11014:Archived
10988:Archived
10923:Archived
10891:Archived
10882:GameSpot
10854:Archived
10790:Archived
10785:PC Gamer
10757:Archived
10725:Archived
10721:GameSpot
10696:Archived
10666:Archived
10634:Archived
10610:9 August
10604:Archived
10578:Archived
10545:Archived
10490:July 28,
10484:Archived
10452:Archived
10419:Archived
10386:Archived
10381:GameSpot
10349:Archived
10316:Archived
10265:Archived
10260:PC Gamer
10232:Archived
10186:Archived
10146:Archived
10115:Archived
10082:Archived
10017:Archived
9990:Archived
9957:Archived
9924:Archived
9891:Archived
9858:Archived
9786:Archived
9759:March 8,
9753:Archived
9725:30581359
9666:Archived
9618:Archived
9589:Archived
9560:Archived
9556:Deadline
9530:Archived
9500:Archived
9470:Archived
9466:BBC News
9446:19 March
9440:Archived
9416:July 23,
9410:Archived
9377:Archived
9341:Archived
9308:Archived
9275:Archived
9242:Archived
9209:Archived
9204:PC Gamer
9176:Archived
9143:Archived
9138:PC Gamer
9110:Archived
9046:Archived
9016:Archived
8963:Archived
8930:Archived
8899:Archived
8866:Archived
8833:Archived
8797:Archived
8764:Archived
8731:Archived
8695:Archived
8549:Archived
8491:17 April
8485:Archived
8452:Archived
8385:Archived
8315:Archived
8282:Archived
8224:Archived
8193:Archived
8160:Archived
8123:Archived
8093:Archived
8035:Archived
8002:Archived
7997:GameSpot
7929:Archived
7866:Archived
7833:Archived
7799:Archived
7766:Archived
7733:Archived
7707:Archived
7702:PC Gamer
7674:Archived
7622:Archived
7565:Archived
7534:Archived
7501:Archived
7468:Archived
7435:Archived
7364:Archived
7331:Archived
7298:Archived
7267:Archived
7234:Archived
7203:Archived
7172:Archived
7139:Archived
6997:Archived
6885:Archived
6852:Archived
6798:Archived
6763:Archived
6734:Archived
6710:April 4,
6704:Archived
6671:Archived
6635:Archived
6604:Archived
6571:Archived
6538:Archived
6500:Archived
6467:Archived
6434:Archived
6403:Archived
6379:July 18,
6373:Archived
6340:Archived
6307:Archived
6215:Archived
6182:Archived
6100:Archived
6042:Archived
6010:Archived
5979:Archived
5890:Archived
5885:PC Gamer
5791:Archived
5786:PC World
5758:Archived
5725:Archived
5692:Archived
5659:Archived
5617:Archived
5558:Archived
5520:Archived
5452:Archived
5426:Archived
5389:Archived
5356:Archived
5323:Archived
5291:Archived
5286:Wired UK
5258:Archived
5254:AOL Tech
5249:Engadget
5221:Archived
5216:PC Gamer
5188:Archived
5155:Archived
5107:Archived
5071:Archived
5066:GameSpot
4914:Archived
4884:July 23,
4878:Archived
4843:Archived
4838:GameSpot
4807:Archived
4729:Archived
4640:Archived
4580:See also
4512:Toby Fox
4366:Sloclap
4363:Sloclap
4326:Rimworld
4104:Trapdoor
3815:Teardown
3607:Superhot
3443:Playdead
3326:Among Us
3276:Factorio
2938:Psyonix
2739:Re-Logic
2727:Terraria
2681:Release
2641:(2005).
2632:Samorost
2615:(2009).
2563:(2011),
2557:(2008),
2554:Spelunky
2551:(2005),
2486:Superhot
2303:Industry
2075:Raw Fury
2047:homebrew
1948:Vlambeer
1915:Spelunky
1894:series,
1720:Among Us
1645:GDC 2016
1588:(2014).
1576:(2012),
1567:Terraria
1478:Xbox 360
1327:Internet
1317:in 2015.
1222:arthouse
1195:Compute!
1189:SoftSide
1066:Spelunky
1061:freeware
1000:gameplay
850:GameSpot
824:Among Us
809:series,
776:Terraria
535:Loot box
468:AAA game
324:Non-game
317:Exergame
307:Art game
262:Products
240:Graphics
191:Designer
180:Producer
113:Broforce
107:Flotilla
14346:Sandbox
14188:Serious
14121:Bishōjo
14038:Fitness
14010:Wargame
13868:Vehicle
13841:Fishing
13780:Farming
13680:Sokoban
13544:Stealth
13530:Pac-Man
13406:Shooter
13262:General
13009:Z movie
13001:present
12979:B movie
12889:Amateur
12839:Podsafe
12804:Station
12704:Webtoon
12687:Fanzine
12669:Reading
12314:Variety
12223:Polygon
11695:11 July
11665:July 8,
11541:Brotato
11193:May 18,
11063:USGamer
10994:26 June
10983:Polygon
10661:PCGamer
10630:Twitter
10447:PCGamer
10425:May 14,
9716:6256716
9496:Variety
8861:Variety
8360:8568117
8310:Polygon
8188:Polygon
8156:UBM plc
8119:Polygon
8088:Joystiq
7927:: 1–2.
7739:21 July
7713:17 July
7529:Polygon
7134:Polygon
6134:Bibcode
5974:Polygon
5816:: 1–14.
5417:Inverse
5384:Variety
5102:Joystiq
4414:NEOWIZ
4293:Omocat
4192:period
3913:Celeste
3865:Brotato
3839:Balatro
3787:Magicka
3350:Bastion
3104:Nicalis
3012:Cuphead
2960:Valheim
2934:Psyonix
2713:Mojang
2426:Discord
2261:Itch.io
2238:GameSpy
2182:Comiket
2105:Funding
2062:iOS SDK
2058:ID@Xbox
1748:Cuphead
1673:Celeste
1528:Journey
1333:, like
1242:Infocom
1079:History
1006:of the
990:Nidhogg
924:Bastion
904:Journey
884:smaller
818:Cuphead
691:, is a
587:Related
568:in-game
366:Markets
339:Console
312:Edugame
302:Serious
250:Testing
119:Celeste
14295:Casual
14288:Design
14270:Doujin
14183:Sci-fi
14159:Sexual
14132:Comedy
14108:Themes
14092:Typing
14065:Rhythm
14043:Horror
13881:Combat
13846:Racing
13833:Sports
13790:Social
13775:Dating
13726:MMORPG
13666:Puzzle
13374:Action
13290:Doujin
13172:Drinks
13136:Doujin
12822:Doujin
12714:Co-ops
12593:
12572:
12553:
12534:
12500:
12466:
12447:
12425:
12128:VG 247
10355:16 May
10152:29 May
10121:18 May
9723:
9713:
9010:
8613:
8358:
7033:
6847:Kotaku
6244:Online
6152:
6074:Nov 7,
5654:Forbes
5490:
4289:Omocat
4050:Team17
4035:Dredge
4001:Nexon
2709:Mojang
2690:Notes
2585:, and
2513:, and
2470:, the
2466:, the
2443:, and
2393:, and
2359:, and
2291:, and
2242:'s
2099:Team17
2097:, and
2000:, and
1972:, and
1940:, and
1912:, and
1849:doujin
1766:doujin
1745:, and
1519:, and
1496:, and
1472:, and
1198:, and
821:, and
803:, the
416:Piracy
282:Erotic
277:Casual
228:Engine
211:Design
196:Artist
134:, and
131:Tacoma
14372:Other
14325:Kaizo
14318:Gacha
14264:Indie
14226:Co-op
14165:Eroge
14153:Otome
14142:Girls
14077:Party
14060:Music
13917:Other
13891:Space
13578:clone
13539:Snake
13532:clone
13493:Other
13414:Arena
13201:Other
12881:Video
12824:music
12799:Radio
12765:Audio
12738:shops
12161:VG247
11745:VG247
11476:'
11210:"How
11187:VG247
10227:VG247
9614:BAFTA
8356:S2CID
7969:(PDF)
7954:(PDF)
7430:Wired
6177:Wired
6150:S2CID
5486:(1).
5183:VG247
4560:2019
4534:2021
4508:2015
4482:2014
4458:2021
4432:2012
4408:2021
4384:2020
4360:2022
4334:2018
4311:2023
4285:2020
4277:Omori
4259:2018
4233:2021
4207:2021
4177:2020
4169:Hades
4151:2018
4123:2016
4095:2012
4069:2012
4043:2023
4019:2024
3995:2023
3971:2022
3947:2024
3921:2018
3897:2024
3873:2023
3847:2024
3823:2022
3795:2011
3769:2010
3739:2011
3713:2017
3689:2021
3665:2023
3639:2010
3615:2016
3591:2024
3567:2016
3541:2014
3515:2014
3491:2017
3465:2013
3439:2010
3431:Limbo
3413:2016
3387:2020
3358:2011
3334:2018
3308:2022
3284:2020
3258:2018
3232:2020
3204:2012
3180:2019
3156:2017
3132:2013
3096:2011
3070:2018
3044:2019
3020:2017
2994:2018
2968:2021
2930:2015
2927:10.5
2902:2020
2876:2022
2857:Valve
2848:2006
2822:2008
2790:2016
2764:2016
2735:2011
2732:58.7
2705:2011
2672:Sales
2666:Game
2537:ASCII
2535:from
2384:Hades
2353:Limbo
2253:Steam
2249:Valve
2043:Godot
2035:Unity
1985:Braid
1790:ASCII
1699:Steam
1653:Steam
1516:Limbo
1504:Braid
1487:Braid
1408:Steam
1355:Unity
1201:Antic
1138:BASIC
1008:8-bit
974:Nexon
764:Braid
728:BASIC
621:Indie
610:Lists
540:gacha
421:Clone
381:Japan
371:China
287:Indie
245:Music
14272:soft
14203:News
14033:Cozy
13961:MOBA
13767:Life
13524:Maze
13444:Rail
13424:Hero
13297:Make
13169:Food
13138:soft
12989:'50s
12591:ISBN
12570:ISBN
12551:ISBN
12532:ISBN
12498:ISBN
12464:ISBN
12445:ISBN
12423:ISBN
12364:2023
12327:2021
12294:2021
12261:2023
12235:2014
12174:2021
12141:2022
12108:2020
12075:2024
12049:2023
12018:2023
11981:2022
11886:2020
11821:2014
11758:2023
11725:2024
11697:2023
11667:2022
11634:2024
11524:2024
11496:2023
11328:2021
11265:2021
11232:2023
11195:2024
11167:2024
11139:2021
11106:2015
11075:2019
10996:2013
10931:2021
10862:2021
10826:2024
10798:2022
10765:2020
10612:2023
10586:2015
10553:2020
10520:2024
10492:2020
10427:2022
10394:2017
10357:2022
10324:2021
10273:2021
10240:2021
10154:2022
10123:2020
10090:2014
10058:2020
9998:2023
9965:2022
9932:2018
9899:2014
9866:2020
9794:2011
9761:2011
9721:PMID
9674:2012
9626:2023
9448:2016
9418:2021
9385:2011
9349:2020
9316:2020
9283:2012
9250:2020
9217:2020
9184:2016
9151:2020
9118:2020
9105:Vice
9085:2016
9054:2016
9008:ISSN
8971:2020
8938:2013
8907:2020
8874:2020
8841:2020
8805:2012
8772:2012
8739:2012
8703:2020
8611:ISBN
8557:2020
8524:2016
8493:2014
8420:2009
8393:2020
8323:2018
8290:2016
8252:Edge
8232:2012
8201:2018
8168:2015
8131:2014
8043:2020
8010:2020
7977:2020
7874:2020
7841:2015
7807:2015
7774:2020
7741:2021
7715:2021
7682:2020
7630:2020
7542:2019
7509:2019
7476:2019
7443:2017
7410:2019
7372:2016
7339:2016
7306:2016
7275:2015
7242:2020
7211:2019
7180:2018
7147:2019
7031:ISBN
7005:2021
6893:2017
6860:2011
6806:2019
6712:2018
6679:2020
6643:2011
6612:2019
6579:2015
6546:2020
6508:2020
6475:2020
6442:2020
6411:2019
6381:2021
6348:2017
6315:2021
6302:Vice
6223:2019
6190:2019
6108:2019
6076:2020
6050:2020
6037:Time
5987:2019
5898:2017
5799:2017
5766:2017
5733:2020
5720:Vice
5700:2012
5667:2011
5625:2011
5566:2011
5528:2011
5488:ISSN
5460:2023
5434:2023
5397:2023
5364:2023
5331:2023
5266:2016
5229:2015
5196:2016
5163:2011
5115:2011
5079:2012
4986:2011
4886:2021
4815:2012
4775:2011
4737:2011
4687:2011
4352:Sifu
4143:Gris
3820:1.1
3792:1.3
3766:1.4
3736:1.5
3710:1.5
3686:1.7
3662:1.8
3538:2.5
3512:2.6
3488:2.8
3331:3.2
3305:3.5
3281:3.5
3255:3.5
3067:5.2
3041:5.5
2986:Rust
2411:The
2219:and
2209:and
2191:Fate
2188:and
2176:Byte
2173:and
2033:and
2025:and
1768:soft
1688:and
1676:and
1608:and
1596:and
1535:and
1418:and
1357:and
1341:and
1287:Doom
1086:mods
1010:and
913:Sony
839:and
454:and
376:U.S.
14312:FMV
14259:AAA
14236:PVP
14231:MMO
14193:Art
13805:CMS
13785:God
13143:Mod
10573:IGN
9711:PMC
9701:doi
8998:doi
8603:doi
8348:doi
8063:IGN
7561:NPR
6912:IGN
6631:NPR
6430:BBC
6368:NPR
6335:IGN
6142:doi
5150:MCV
4873:IGN
4802:IGN
4087:Fez
2965:10
2899:11
2873:12
2845:20
2819:20
2787:30
2761:30
2702:60
2657:.
2212:ZZT
1824:ZUN
1694:.
1522:Fez
1392:Fez
1314:N++
1147:by
1126:RCA
1037:'s
856:IGN
788:Fez
715:or
683:An
14420::
13951:4X
12599:.
12506:.
12496:.
12484:.
12387:.
12381:.
12354:.
12348:.
12317:.
12311:.
12284:.
12278:.
12225:.
12221:.
12195:.
12191:.
12164:.
12158:.
12131:.
12125:.
12098:.
12092:.
12039:.
12035:.
12008:.
12002:.
11971:.
11967:.
11941:.
11935:.
11909:.
11903:.
11876:.
11870:.
11844:.
11838:.
11811:.
11805:.
11779:.
11775:.
11748:.
11742:.
11714:.
11683:.
11657:.
11651:.
11623:.
11597:.
11591:.
11551:.
11545:.
11543:?"
11513:.
11486:.
11480:.
11447:.
11441:.
11409:.
11383:.
11377:.
11351:.
11345:.
11318:.
11312:.
11286:.
11282:.
11255:.
11249:.
11222:.
11216:.
11184:.
11155:.
11129:.
11123:.
11096:.
11092:.
11061:.
11038:.
10986:.
10980:.
10948:.
10921:.
10915:.
10889:.
10885:.
10879:.
10848:.
10842:.
10815:.
10788:.
10782:.
10755:.
10749:.
10723:.
10719:.
10694:.
10690:.
10664:.
10658:.
10632:.
10628:.
10576:.
10570:.
10543:.
10537:.
10509:.
10482:.
10476:.
10450:.
10444:.
10417:.
10411:.
10384:.
10378:.
10347:.
10341:.
10314:.
10308:.
10289:.
10263:.
10257:.
10230:.
10224:.
10144:.
10140:.
10113:.
10107:.
10074:.
10044:.
9988:.
9982:.
9955:.
9949:.
9922:.
9916:.
9889:.
9883:.
9856:.
9850:.
9784:.
9778:.
9751:.
9745:.
9719:.
9709:.
9697:20
9695:.
9691:.
9664:.
9658:.
9612:.
9583:.
9558:.
9554:.
9528:.
9524:.
9498:.
9494:.
9464:.
9434:.
9408:.
9402:.
9369:.
9357:^
9339:.
9333:.
9306:.
9300:.
9273:.
9267:.
9240:.
9234:.
9207:.
9201:.
9174:.
9168:.
9141:.
9135:.
9108:.
9102:.
9071:.
9044:.
9040:.
9014:.
9006:.
8996:.
8994:10
8992:.
8988:.
8961:.
8955:.
8928:.
8924:.
8897:.
8891:.
8864:.
8858:.
8831:.
8825:.
8813:^
8795:.
8789:.
8762:.
8756:.
8729:.
8723:.
8711:^
8693:.
8687:.
8662:.
8638:.
8609:,
8597:,
8578:.
8574:.
8547:.
8541:.
8510:.
8479:.
8444:.
8436:;
8383:.
8377:.
8354:.
8342:.
8313:.
8307:.
8280:.
8274:.
8249:.
8222:.
8218:.
8191:.
8185:.
8158:.
8154:.
8148:.
8121:.
8117:.
8091:.
8085:.
8060:.
8033:.
8027:.
8000:.
7994:.
7962:10
7960:.
7956:.
7923:.
7891:.
7864:.
7858:.
7831:.
7827:.
7815:^
7797:.
7791:.
7764:.
7758:.
7705:.
7699:.
7672:.
7666:.
7620:.
7614:.
7589:.
7563:.
7559:.
7532:.
7526:.
7499:.
7493:.
7466:.
7460:.
7433:.
7427:.
7394:.
7380:^
7362:.
7356:.
7329:.
7323:.
7296:.
7292:.
7265:.
7259:.
7232:.
7228:.
7201:.
7197:.
7170:.
7164:.
7137:.
7131:.
7119:^
7103:.
7079:.
7054:.
7025:.
7013:^
6995:.
6989:.
6964:.
6935:.
6910:.
6883:.
6877:.
6850:.
6844:.
6796:.
6790:.
6778:^
6761:.
6757:.
6728:.
6702:.
6696:.
6669:.
6663:.
6651:^
6633:.
6629:.
6602:.
6596:.
6569:.
6563:.
6536:.
6530:.
6516:^
6498:.
6492:.
6465:.
6459:.
6432:.
6428:.
6397:.
6371:.
6365:.
6338:.
6332:.
6305:.
6299:.
6275:^
6251:.
6240:.
6213:.
6207:.
6180:.
6174:.
6162:^
6148:.
6140:.
6130:38
6128:.
6116:^
6092:.
6066:.
6040:.
6034:.
6008:.
6004:.
5977:.
5971:.
5951:^
5934:^
5906:^
5888:.
5882:.
5856:^
5831:.
5789:.
5783:.
5756:.
5750:.
5723:.
5717:.
5690:.
5684:.
5657:.
5651:.
5633:^
5609:.
5589:^
5574:^
5556:.
5550:.
5536:^
5518:.
5512:.
5500:^
5484:16
5482:.
5468:^
5424:.
5420:.
5414:.
5387:.
5381:.
5354:.
5348:.
5321:.
5315:.
5289:.
5283:.
5256:.
5252:.
5246:.
5219:.
5213:.
5186:.
5180:.
5153:.
5147:.
5135:^
5105:.
5099:.
5087:^
5069:.
5063:.
5051:^
5015:.
5003:.
4972:.
4954:^
4929:^
4912:.
4906:.
4894:^
4876:.
4870:.
4858:^
4841:.
4835:.
4823:^
4805:.
4799:.
4783:^
4761:.
4745:^
4727:.
4721:.
4695:^
4673:.
4655:^
4638:.
4632:.
4616:^
4557:1
4531:1
4505:1
4479:1
4455:1
4429:1
4405:1
4381:1
4357:1
4331:1
4308:1
4282:1
4256:1
4230:1
4204:1
4174:1
4148:1
4120:1
4092:1
4066:1
4040:1
4016:1
3992:1
3968:1
3944:1
3918:1
3894:1
3870:1
3844:1
3745:,
3636:2
3612:2
3588:2
3564:2
3462:3
3436:3
3410:3
3384:3
3355:3
3229:4
3201:4
3177:4
3153:5
3129:5
3117:.
3093:5
3017:6
2991:9
2953:.
2801:,
2625:.
2519:.
2507:,
2501:,
2495:,
2489:,
2449:E3
2428:.
2387:,
2381:,
2377:,
2373:,
2355:,
2336:.
2295:.
2287:,
2093:,
2081:,
2077:,
2064:.
2021:,
2006:.
1994:,
1988:,
1978:.
1966:,
1960:,
1934:,
1928:,
1906:,
1900:,
1751:.
1739:,
1539:.
1513:,
1490:,
1468:,
1212:.
1192:,
1174:.
1128:.
827:.
815:,
797:,
791:,
785:,
779:,
773:,
767:,
761:,
275::
233:AI
128:,
122:,
116:,
110:,
13345:e
13338:t
13331:v
13285:)
13281:(
12655:e
12648:t
12641:v
12610:.
12578:.
12559:.
12540:.
12517:.
12472:.
12453:.
12431:.
12398:.
12366:.
12329:.
12296:.
12263:.
12237:.
12206:.
12176:.
12143:.
12110:.
12077:.
12051:.
12020:.
11983:.
11952:.
11920:.
11888:.
11855:.
11823:.
11790:.
11760:.
11727:.
11699:.
11669:.
11636:.
11608:.
11562:.
11526:.
11498:.
11458:.
11426:.
11394:.
11362:.
11330:.
11297:.
11267:.
11234:.
11197:.
11169:.
11141:.
11108:.
11077:.
11023:.
10998:.
10965:.
10933:.
10900:.
10864:.
10828:.
10800:.
10767:.
10734:.
10705:.
10675:.
10643:.
10614:.
10588:.
10555:.
10522:.
10494:.
10461:.
10429:.
10396:.
10372:"
10359:.
10326:.
10275:.
10242:.
10195:.
10156:.
10125:.
10092:.
10060:.
10026:.
10000:.
9967:.
9934:.
9901:.
9868:.
9796:.
9763:.
9727:.
9703::
9676:.
9628:.
9598:.
9569:.
9539:.
9509:.
9479:.
9450:.
9420:.
9387:.
9351:.
9318:.
9285:.
9252:.
9219:.
9186:.
9153:.
9120:.
9087:.
9056:.
9025:.
9000::
8973:.
8940:.
8909:.
8876:.
8843:.
8807:.
8774:.
8741:.
8705:.
8672:.
8648:.
8605::
8580:7
8559:.
8526:.
8495:.
8461:.
8422:.
8395:.
8362:.
8350::
8344:4
8325:.
8292:.
8234:.
8203:.
8170:.
8133:.
8102:.
8045:.
8012:.
7979:.
7908:.
7876:.
7843:.
7809:.
7776:.
7743:.
7717:.
7684:.
7651:.
7632:.
7599:.
7574:.
7544:.
7511:.
7478:.
7445:.
7412:.
7374:.
7341:.
7308:.
7277:.
7244:.
7213:.
7182:.
7149:.
7113:.
7089:.
7064:.
7039:.
7007:.
6974:.
6945:.
6920:.
6895:.
6862:.
6829:.
6808:.
6772:.
6743:.
6714:.
6681:.
6645:.
6614:.
6581:.
6548:.
6510:.
6477:.
6444:.
6413:.
6383:.
6350:.
6317:.
6225:.
6192:.
6156:.
6144::
6136::
6110:.
6078:.
6052:.
6019:.
5989:.
5928:.
5900:.
5801:.
5768:.
5735:.
5702:.
5669:.
5627:.
5568:.
5530:.
5494:.
5462:.
5436:.
5399:.
5366:.
5333:.
5300:.
5268:.
5231:.
5198:.
5165:.
5117:.
5081:.
4988:.
4923:.
4888:.
4852:.
4817:.
4777:.
4739:.
4689:.
4649:.
3102:/
1304:N
980:.
672:e
665:t
658:v
140:.
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
