853:, an information service provided by many broadcasters, provides station or network identification in many countries worldwide. As almost all modern sets can display this information, it is a simple matter of checking teletext if the identity of the station is not clear. Some broadcasters do not provide a teletext service, and there is no specific requirement or standard for station identification in it. While teletext is widespread in Europe and is closely associated with the
760:(b) Content. (1) Official station identification shall consist of the station's call letters immediately followed by the community or communities specified in its license as the station's location; Provided, That the name of the licensee, the station's frequency, the station's channel number, as stated on the station's license, and/or the station's network affiliation may be inserted between the call letters and station location.
487:, stations had a one time opportunity offered by the FCC to either retain the -DT designation on their digital signal, or move over the analog calls with either the "-TV" suffix or no suffix if so identified. Additionally, a station could add the "-TV" suffix to their calls for standardization purposes among broadcast groups, even if those calls were not shared by an AM or FM radio station.
330:. As a courtesy, top-of-hour identifications may also contain additional information, such as frequencies and a declaration of the station's ownership. Only the name of the licensee, the station's frequency or channel number as stated on its license, and/or network affiliations, may be inserted between the call letters and station location. An example of declared ownership on
649:
description including name and any applicable operator unit number." The use of a "handle" (nickname) is encouraged by CB rule 17 only in conjunction with these methods, not by itself. Most CB operators prefer to use self-assigned handles reflecting some aspect of their personality; it is generally considered a breach of CB etiquette to use real names, even that of the user.
525:, or a weather feed created by the station itself – may identify that channel via their PSIP flag with the non-standard "WX" suffix, as in "WXXX-WX", though they must be identified by their subchannel number in on-air identifications. Some subchannels may also display only the name of the network it is affiliated with in the PSIP flag rather than the station's calls.
467:
identification requirements for digital station operations. The record in this proceeding lacks sufficient technical and cost information from which to develop standards for this purpose. We do not wish to impose requirements that could now be cost prohibitive for licensees of translator and LPTV stations, thereby discouraging their conversion to digital operation.
648:
radio no longer maintains a requirement for station or transmission identification, but operators are "encouraged to identify" transmissions using one of the following: a previously assigned callsign, "K" prefix followed by operator initials and residence zip code, operator's name, or "organizational
162:
Station identifications in the
Philippines differ from the vernacular meaning in most of the world. They describe what would be referred to as imaging campaigns elsewhere for their national networks, and vary considerably in length, up to eighteen minutes. These include music video-like presentations
202:
during the 1980s. From the 1960s to the 1990s, most broadcasters only used a single identifier, sometimes using special variations for holidays and special events. In the present day, most broadcasters use a set of multiple identifiers built around a particular theme or branding element, often based
189:
Broadcast stations in Europe do not identify by a callsign (with the digital age, most networks share one or two metropolitan transmitting facilities within a certain region, making identification of the actual transmitter superfluous), however most networks use a brand based on their common channel
773:
program service. A radio station operating in DAB hybrid mode or extended hybrid mode shall identify its digital signal, including any free multicast audio programming streams, in a manner that appropriately alerts its audience to the fact that it is listening to a digital audio broadcast. No other
482:
both their analog and digital on the same channel to include both call signs in all identifications. Both stations have the same base callsigns, with the only difference being the analog ending in "-TV" and digital ending in "-DT" (originally "-HD"). Low-power stations identify with the designator
641:
service, this is to be done by each station in a similar manner to the amateur practice, though the time limit is fifteen minutes. Repeater systems used in both the land mobile and amateur radio services often have provisions for announcing the repeater's call sign, either in voice or Morse code.
341:
must be identified in their own right only three times per day: once between 7 and 9 a.m., 12:55 and 1:05 p.m., and 4 and 6 p.m. FCC rules specify that additional communities a station serves may also be listed in a legal ID, but the official city of license must always be listed first. The
437:
On television, station identification may occur in either a visual format or aural. As no audio announcement of the call sign is necessary if the information appears on screen, often the identification is fulfilled by incorporating it into a short promo for a program the station airs (such as a
297:
The Ley
Federal de Telecomunicaciones y Radiodifusión enacted in 2014 does not include a requirement for regular on-air station identification. However, many stations continue to air twice an hour their call letters (in Spanish) along with their city of license, as was required previously under
346:
has made it much easier for broadcasters to ensure compliance with identification rules. Many television stations and radio stations may have their identifications prerecorded or programmed to play automatically at the appropriate times. It may also be monetized into an advertisement, with the
466:
Although we recognize the value of the ITU provisions for station identification, we conclude that we cannot at this time establish identification requirements for digital LPTV and TV translator stations, nor do we believe it would be appropriate to attempt to "bootstrap" our current analog
234:), and this would be broadcast throughout the network, in other words by all companies showing the programme. The programme frontcap was preceded by station identification and continuity announcements from the viewer's local region. It meant that viewers across the country would see a
607:
broadcasters usually do not use callsigns, instead giving the name of the service and the location of the home office, and occasionally the frequencies that the current broadcast is being transmitted on. There are a few exceptions, particularly in the United States, the time station
66:
or brand name (sometimes known, particularly in the United States, as a "sounder" or "stinger", more generally as a station or network ID). This may be to satisfy requirements of licensing authorities, a form of branding, or a combination of both. As such, it is closely related to
764:
stations, or DAB Stations, choosing to include the station's channel number in the station identification must use the station's major channel number and may distinguish multicast program streams. For example, a DTV station with major channel number 26 may use 26.1 to identify an
411:
322:, sign off, and as close to the top of each hour as feasibly possible (such as within a "natural break" in programming, like a commercial break), present a visual (television) or aural (radio) station identification that contains, at minimum, the station's
395:
The FCC also allows that: "the name of the licensee, the station's frequency, the station's channel number, as stated on the station's license, and/or the station's network affiliation may be inserted between the call letters and station location".
1201:
Amendment of Parts 73 and 74 of the
Commission's Rules to Establish Rules for Digital Low Power Television and Television Translator Stations, Update of Parts 74 of the Commission's Rules Related to Low Power Television and Television Translator
1039:"NEWS: tonight's announcement by UTV, about coronavirus-related changes – including the suspension of local (UTV) on-air branding/continuity announcements. The UTV logo will be replaced by ITV branding/continuity announcements between programmes"
587:
in the U.S.) stations do not always identify, being unlicensed (this would be essentially impossible for small FM transmitters for consumer use, such as those used to broadcast music from an MP3 player to a car radio), but those that run as
528:
The former two standards are voluntary and interchangeable, and the station can choose to identify all the channels by only the base callsign, although they are encouraged to differentiate each channel from the primary channel (or for
718:-HD1, New York City"). AM stations which simulcast via an FM HD subchannel identify both the main stream and the HD stream, and if broadcasting in HD Radio format in AM, also list that as part of the identification (for example, "
446:
briefly displayed at the required time. The identification can even be monetized as part of a regular commercial, with the text appearing in small type on the bottom of the screen (for instance, a law firm can sponsor a
458:
FCC rules developed for analog television required that translators identify themselves individually. The transition to digital television made this a more challenging rule to implement technically and economically.
689:
feeds identify by their stream channel, and unlike television, the HD1 channel (which in the vast majority of cases, carries the same program as the analog signal) is included in the identification (for example,
677:, or "hinternet", access points usually use the call sign of the control operator as the SSID, this suffices as proper station identification for the access point being operated as an amateur radio transceiver.
517:
The station may identify the channel as a certain stream by placing the subchannel number after the "-DT" designation within the callsign, as in "WXXX-DT3" for that station's third subchannel.
576:
In the United States, the policy on radio identification depends on the service. Station identification is usually done in the station's standard mode of operation, though the FCC considers
371:, New York, which is spoken as "Wham"), the legal ID must still spell out the individual letters. An example of a proper spoken radio station identification in the United States would be "
673:, which is transmitted as a routine part of Wi-Fi network traffic. However, since a number of standard Wi-Fi channels are shared with the amateur radio spectrum, amateur radio-operated
568:'s backend TV firmware) via a broadband connection can be provided outside the PSIP stream to identify the station, but is not considered a legal station identification on its own.
659:
have no station identification requirement, though groups of individual users have their own procedures, such as using license plates or informal callsigns (some groups within the
876:
in the corner of the screen, showing the logo of the channel. While not a substitute for proper station identification, this makes it easy to identify the station at a glance.
685:
With the advent of digital radio, station identification becomes more complicated, because more than one audio stream can be part of the same station. Stations broadcasting
334:
in Los
Angeles during the late 1970s were the local announcer invoking then-station owner Golden West Broadcasters ("Golden West Broadcasters-Channel 5, KTLA Los Angeles").
622:
and fast-scan television often have a provision for automatic identification, either including it as part of a digital data stream or overlaying it over an analog picture.
750:) preferred to brand using the FM translator rather than their maligned AM signal, thus their identification was said as "107.3 FM, W297CK, and 950 AM, WCLB, Sheboygan".
618:
requires the call sign to be stated at the end of a communication and every ten minutes during (some hams use countdown clocks to remind them to identify); modes such as
1012:
596:) usually do. Station identification in that case usually consists of the station's name, frequency, and a slogan; unlicensed stations are not allowed to use formal
964:
284:, and staff cutbacks were made with the Belfast studio. ITV later eventually made these changes permanent, and the local announcers were let go in November 2020.
74:
Station identification used to be done regularly by an announcer at the halfway point during the presentation of a television program, or in between programs.
669:
access points are not required by law to identify (they are unlicensed transmitters) but the Wi-Fi standards include provision for an identifier called an
484:
880:
originated the practice in the United States around 1993, with most other cable networks following until most started using them in the early 2000s.
429:
digital channel 58.3, the former analog signal on UHF channel 49, and their digital broadcast on UHF channel 17 (formerly channel 48), which maps to
405:
190:
number. A form of station identification clip is played between programmes, traditionally incorporating the channel's logo, and accompanied by a
1270:
986:
194:
that introduces the next programme (and promotes other programmes). These identifiers evolved from mainly being mechanical models (such as the
1060:
337:
Stations which broadcast on additional full- or low-powered signals must also identify them all every hour. However, stations licensed as
347:
station placing the required text into a quick ad spot where an advertiser such as a law firm sponsors a program with their slogan said.
894:
or bug containing their callsign in lieu of voice identification. This is an accepted practice in the United States and United
Kingdom.
280:
continued using local continuity announcements even under the ownership of ITV, although in 2020 they were suspended in response to the
1142:
1092:
637:
Land mobile two-way (including public safety and business mobile) require station identifications by call sign. In the case of the
272:
Since the consolidation of the ITV network in the early 2000s, regional continuity announcements have generally disappeared, with
488:
363:. The call letters must be spoken individually; even if the call letters are pronounced as a word for branding purposes (such as
281:
804:
1199:
255:. In consequence, most ITV-produced series shown abroad would also be preceded by the producing company's logo – for example,
261:
631:
954:
934:
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By first providing the call letters, followed by the main channel number, and then the subchannel broken up by either a
774:
insertion between the station's call letters and the community or communities specified in its license is permissible.
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1099:
452:
338:
307:
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On radio, the top-of-hour ID must contain the full, legal call sign (including any relevant suffixes, particularly "
1340:
914:
904:
195:
738:, though the identification is flexible on whether the AM station or translator is mentioned first; for instance,
521:
In addition, subchannels which carry weather information – such as those carrying a still of their weather radar,
1335:
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television system worldwide, it was non-existent in North
America during the analog television era, in which the
811:, South Australia. The station may have a name-callsign completely different from its licensed callsign, such as
541:
partner station). The primary channel usually does not use a .1/-1 or -DT1 suffix to identify itself beyond some
471:
As of July 2022, the FCC is proposing to reinstate identification requirements for LPTV and translator stations.
795:
A radio station may have call letters related to its town or district name, and the company name; for example,
770:
761:
735:
269:
logo and fanfare before the start of the programme. Beginning in 1988, these were largely replaced by endcaps.
31:
788:
Station identification in
Australia is not limited to the designated common or on-air name of the station or
522:
1312:
search engine of all of the radio stations in the world with websites, searchable by location and call sign.
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and directly lead into the beginning of a program with proper station identification, along with their ad).
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would be preceded by the identifier of the regional company that had produced the show (known as a
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usually identify themselves in one of two ways, with a limit of seven characters in the PSIP tag:
808:
656:
385:
1171:
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In a 2004 order the FCC suspended identification requirements for LPTV and translator stations:
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A television station usually associates with its network; for example, the
Regional Television
315:
17:
1120:
142:(since 2015) no longer air station identifications anymore, although several channels such as
660:
580:
identification to be universally acceptable no matter what mode the station is operating in.
107:
54:
1081:[Federal Radio and Television Law] (in Spanish). Congreso de la Unión. 19 June 2009.
1042:
800:
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652:
597:
553:
375:
343:
319:
235:
191:
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8:
990:
873:
707:
609:
552:, and minor broadcasters which sell subchannel space to other broadcasters for their own
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1173:
Federal
Communications Commission. FCC Record, Volume 19, No. 23, Pages 18535 to 19452
1016:
789:
663:, for example, use the troop number followed by the scout's initials as a callsign).
645:
414:
311:
310:(FCC) enforces specific requirements for identification that must be followed by all
59:
1304:
949:
839:
277:
273:
227:
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49. Note that using the channel numbers in an identification is not a requirement.
1216:
796:
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are often designed to automatically transmit the repeater's callsign, usually in
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589:
430:
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identifies their three broadcast signals as of August 2008; the station's former
360:
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68:
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are required to be identified and listed daily at 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. local time.
214:, used only the idents of the broadcasters airing on them. With the creation of
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439:
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887:
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151:
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711:
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to be faster, to fit in more advertising or promotion within the sequence.
680:
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syndicated or network program, or a preview of an upcoming newscast), the
909:
891:
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A common worldwide practice is to use a small overlay graphic known as a
389:
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127:
87:
746:, Wisconsin (before taking on an agreement in January 2024 to simulcast
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analog-only stations digitally airing as a subchannel on a sister or
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479:
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240:
63:
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734:-HD1, New York"). The same is done for AM stations airing on an FM
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131:
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1046:
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584:
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418:
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372:
359:") as assigned by the FCC, followed immediately by the station's
978:
838:), and WIN's original station at Wollongong bears the callsign
410:
135:
987:"ABS-CBN's Christmas station ID brightens the Yuletide season"
491:
also continuously carries the station's ID digitally encoded.
1078:
1013:"End of era at UTV as Julian Simmons and Gillian Porter exit"
666:
206:
Prior to 1988, the two existing channels in the
Netherlands,
123:
115:
1176:. University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library:
154:, Trans TV, and Trans7 are still airing idents irregularly.
858:
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globe), to becoming more advanced through the evolution of
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1300:
Tophour – recordings of U.S. radio station identifications
1063:[Federal Telecommunications and Broadcasting Law]
845:
1299:
877:
854:
827:
542:
256:
965:
Automatic Transmitter Identification System (television)
632:
Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, part 97.119
630:. The requirements for the United States are covered in
984:
681:
Digital broadcasting and FM translators for AM stations
442:
of the station's newscasts, or automatically cued as a
62:
identifying themselves on-air, typically by means of a
58:) is the practice of radio and television stations and
163:
representing the season they are meant for, including
94:, terminology shared with the Philippines), and as an
27:
Practice of radio and television stations and networks
298:
Article 76 of the Ley Federal de Radio y Televisión.
218:, all three channels started using their own idents.
865:
standards generally include station identification.
388:". Often, these identifications may be artificially
753:The FCC clarified what is required in these cases:
1067:(in Spanish). Congreso de la Unión. 14 July 2014.
1061:Ley Federal de Telecomunicaciones y Radiodifusión
406:Lists of television stations in the United States
1317:
126:since 2018 except by its regional branches), by
1271:Australian Communications & Media Authority
238:logo and hear the corresponding fanfare before
1036:
1267:"Find TV and radio stations and broadcasters"
985:Jan Kristoffer Enriquez (17 October 2012).
226:Prior to 1 January 1988, each programme on
1217:"47 CFR § 95.351 – Station identification"
478:originally made it necessary for stations
82:In Southeast Asia, idents are known as a
819:, which is branded on-air as "Wave FM".
769:program service and 26.2 to identify an
572:Identification on other types of signals
514:. For example, "WXXX 2.3" or "WXXX 2–3".
409:
872:(DOG), "bug" or watermark created by a
846:Digital on-screen graphics and teletext
282:COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
203:on the channel's current overall look.
71:, used in television and cinema alike.
14:
1318:
1010:
494:
1305:Television Graphics through the ages
955:List of ABS-CBN Corporation slogans
935:American Broadcasting Company logos
834:(itself associated with the larger
318:stations. Stations must, when they
276:being the only notable exceptions.
181:(dry season) and Christmas Season.
24:
1011:Hewitt, Ralph (26 November 2020).
757:§ 73.1201 Station Identification.
592:(including college stations using
25:
1352:
1288:
1178:Federal Communications Commission
1150:Federal Communications Commission
1100:Federal Communications Commission
1079:Ley Federal de Radio y Televisión
803:and Ceduna Community Radio Inc's
792:, both for radio and television.
308:Federal Communications Commission
221:
1180:. September 2004. p. 19,394
1037:@cleanfeed_ttvr (1 April 2020).
915:History of ITV television idents
905:History of BBC television idents
890:in other countries) often use a
564:manufacturer or system (such as
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287:
30:For the Channel Live album, see
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590:community-based radio stations
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32:Station Identification (album)
13:
1:
1121:"FM Translators and Boosters"
971:
399:
326:, followed by its designated
106:Television channels owned by
1170:Written at Washington D.C..
861:standard was used. However,
783:
675:High Speed Multimedia (HSMM)
101:
90:(except Indonesia, known as
7:
960:List of GMA Network slogans
897:
483:"-LD". After the June 2009
10:
1357:
815:, New South Wales station
778:
403:
29:
1295:TV Live Station ID Search
870:Digital on-screen graphic
444:digital on-screen graphic
292:
267:London Weekend Television
184:
98:in Cambodia and Vietnam.
558:electronic program guide
548:such as the stations of
350:
1341:Television presentation
1143:"47 CFR 73.1201 (b)(1)"
1093:"47 CFR 73.1201 (a)(2)"
657:Multi-Use Radio Service
612:being a prime example.
77:
1336:Television terminology
776:
726:-HD2, Milwaukee", or "
469:
434:
122:since 2012 as well as
38:Station identification
886:operators (and also,
799:, Queensland station
755:
661:Boy Scouts of America
464:
413:
108:Media Nusantara Citra
653:Family Radio Service
554:brokered programming
361:community of license
344:broadcast automation
262:Upstairs, Downstairs
236:Yorkshire Television
192:continuity announcer
86:in Thailand and the
991:ABS-CBN Corporation
874:character generator
790:network affiliation
560:data provided by a
500:Digital subchannels
495:Digital subchannels
306:The United States'
247:Scottish Television
1326:Radio broadcasting
1221:Cornell Law School
1123:. 10 December 2015
884:Amateur television
863:digital television
485:digital transition
476:digital television
435:
252:Take the High Road
1017:Belfast Telegraph
722:, Milwaukee, and
312:terrestrial radio
259:presentations of
169:(summer season),
138:since 2016), and
114:since 2016, both
16:(Redirected from
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950:Hato no kyujitsu
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69:production logos
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1205:. 13 July 2022.
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431:virtual channel
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328:city of license
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832:WIN Television
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646:Citizen's Band
603:International
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556:. More robust
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474:The advent of
440:title sequence
417:, Wisconsin's
404:Main article:
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910:Clock ident
892:lower third
583:Low-power (
523:AccuWeather
453:Translators
379:Springfield
339:translators
216:Nederland 3
212:Nederland 2
208:Nederland 1
158:Philippines
128:Trans Media
88:Malay world
1320:Categories
1184:13 January
972:References
824:Queensland
813:Wollongong
736:translator
708:Plainfield
702:", "98.3,
628:Morse code
598:call signs
578:Morse code
449:court show
423:subchannel
400:Television
342:advent of
316:television
92:station ID
50:channel ID
46:network ID
940:MGM logos
930:PBS logos
925:NBC logos
920:CBS logos
784:Australia
744:Sheboygan
700:Milwaukee
696:Wauwatosa
624:Repeaters
605:shortwave
386:Lancaster
369:Rochester
241:Emmerdale
102:Indonesia
96:interlude
64:call sign
1202:Stations
945:Domo-kun
898:See also
851:Teletext
826:station
687:HD Radio
562:smart TV
324:callsign
232:frontcap
172:tag-ulan
166:tag-init
132:Trans TV
60:networks
1127:23 July
1105:23 July
1047:Twitter
779:Oceania
732:WINS-FM
720:WISN HD
716:WCBS-FM
585:Part 15
535:Class A
427:WDJT-TV
419:WBME-TV
383:WLAN-FM
376:Enfield
373:WMAS-FM
320:sign on
178:tagtuyo
84:montage
1276:1 June
1251:1 June
1226:1 June
1022:1 June
996:1 June
809:Ceduna
714:" or "
706:-HD1,
694:-HD1,
415:Racine
381:" or "
293:Mexico
185:Europe
136:Trans7
130:(both
55:bumper
18:Idents
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1146:(PDF)
1096:(PDF)
1065:(PDF)
1043:Tweet
667:Wi-Fi
510:or a
351:Radio
124:iNews
116:MNCTV
42:ident
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1253:2021
1228:2021
1186:2023
1157:2019
1129:2016
1107:2016
1024:2021
998:2021
859:NTSC
817:2UUL
805:5CCR
801:4CHT
771:SDTV
767:HDTV
748:WGXI
740:WCLB
730:and
728:WINS
724:WRNW
704:WZRL
692:WXSS
671:SSID
655:and
639:GMRS
566:Roku
512:dash
489:PSIP
365:WHAM
332:KTLA
314:and
245:and
243:Farm
210:and
144:NET.
140:ANTV
134:and
118:and
112:RCTI
78:Asia
878:VH1
855:PAL
840:WIN
828:RTQ
807:in
762:DTV
742:in
610:WWV
543:PBS
539:LMA
508:dot
367:in
278:UTV
274:STV
257:PBS
228:ITV
200:CGI
196:BBC
148:BTV
120:GTV
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