288:
74:
1036:, plate 41.) Instead of being formed of large masses placed horizontally above each other, they are composed of irregular pieces, so artfully adjusted that it is difficult to detect the lines of junction. The bases of these columns represent the lower leaves of the lotus; next come a number of concentric rings, like the hoops of a cask; and above these the pillars appear like bunches of reeds held together by horizontal bonds. Including the capital, each column is about 40 feet high; the greatest circumference is about 28
67:
1028:
stones; each passes from the centre of one pillar to that of the next, according to a well-known usage with
Egyptian builders. The intercolumnation of the centre pillars is wider than that of the others; and the stone over the centre is twenty-five feet and six inches long. These columns were painted yellow, red and blue in alternate bands. There is also a peculiarity in the pillars of the Hermopolitan portico peculiar to themselves, or at least discovered only again in the temple of
513:
639:
51:
1320:
1027:
at
Hermopolis were on a scale of great extent and magnificence and, although raised by Greek monarchs, are essentially Egyptian in their conception and execution. The portico, the only remnant of the temple, consists of a double row of pillars, six in each row. The architraves are formed of five
578:
on the opposite bank of the Nile, were the common cemeteries of the
Hermopolitans because although the river divided the city from its necropolis, from the wide curve of the western hills at this point, it was easier to ferry the dead over the water than to transport them by land to the hills.
1554:
Sayed Hemeda, Abdulrahman Fahmy, Abbas
Moustafa, Mahmoud Abd El Hafez,The Early Basilica Church, El-Ashmonein Archaeological Site, Minia, Egypt: Geo-Environmental Analysis and Engineering Characterization of the Building Materials, Open Journal of Geology 09/03
1482:
1018:
and the
Cynocephalus monkey, the most conspicuous among the sculptures upon the great portico of the temple of Hermopolis. His designation in inscriptions was "The Lord of Eshmoon". This portico was a work of the
852:
1046:
feet, about five feet from the ground, for they diminish in thickness both towards the base and towards the capital. The widest part of the intercolumnation is 17 feet; the other pillars are 13 feet apart.
898:
834:
496:, because the city was the main cult centre of Thoth, the Pharaonic god of magic, healing, and wisdom and the patron of scribes. Thoth was associated in the same way with the
552:
or upper country extended much further to the north than in more recent periods. As the border town, Hermopolis was a place of great resort and opulence, ranking second to
703:
1116:
1259:
287:
955:
1506:
Moharam Kamal, Excavations in the so-called Agora of El
Ashmunein. ASAE - Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 46/1 947, 289–295
998:
of the 3rd century AD indicates that high-rise buildings with seven stories existed in the town. The collection of Arabic papyri in the
1088:
1633:
1133:
1029:
884:
838:
929:
393:
1560:
Excavations at the basilica site at el-Ashmunein/ Hermopolis magna in 1987–1990. Polish
Archaeology in the Mediterranean 3 (1992)
387:
132:
1628:
820:
784:
In 1949 the titular see was suppressed, having had the following incumbents, all of the fitting
Episcopal (lowest) rank :
390:
867:
806:
396:
395:
384:
383:
382:
381:
379:
378:
377:
376:
1347:
933:
914:
888:
874:
331:
556:
alone. A little to south of the city was the castle of
Hermopolis, at which point rivercraft from the Thebaid paid tolls (
940:
959:
823:(Warschau, Poland) (1844 – 1856.09.18); later succeeded as Metropolitan Archbishop of Warszawa (1856.09.18 – 1861.10.05)
1138:
796:
1378:
906:
678:
1623:
970:
910:
860:
1267:
1516:
1092:
778:
990:
eras, devastated the
Heptanomis; but, on the other hand, its structures have undergone severe changes under its
66:
660:
826:
1346:
227:
1543:
656:
302:(r. 358 to 340 BCE). According to the vertical inscriptions he set up this obelisk at the doorway of the
231:
20:
1638:
830:
707:
1121:
1083:
is 5.6 m. The church was discovered in 1942 by Moharam Kamal, later cleaned by an expedition from the
812:
Denis-Antoine-Luc de Frayssinous (French) (1822.04.19 – death 1841.12.12) no actual prelature recorded
1559:
1456:
994:
rulers, who have burned its stones for lime or carried them away for building materials. A surviving
218:
788:
Luigi Antonio Valdina Cremona (1729.03.23 – death 1758.10.24) (Italian) no actual prelature recorded
986:
Hermopolis comparatively escaped the frequent wars which, in the decline both of the Pharaonic and
951:
462:, a group of eight "primordial" deities whose cult was situated there. The name survived as Coptic
335:
902:
845:
816:
649:
423:
1180:
762:
255:
190:
1331:
1216:
1084:
922:
758:
1643:
1163:
999:
932:(USA) (1910.02.08 – 1916.01.29); later Bishop of Lead (1916.01.29 – 1930.08.01), Bishop of
412:
323:
272:'The Two Shmun') was a major city in antiquity, located near the boundary between
8:
1544:
Silhouette of Hermopolis Magna temple-from A History Of Egypt Volume V by J Graflon Milne
1143:
849:
497:
307:
267:
1196:
995:
517:
349:
Its remains are located near the modern town of el-Ashmunein (from the Coptic name) in
1549:
1374:
766:
699:
459:
455:
354:
281:
106:
1431:
1230:
1059:, built in the 5th century over earlier buildings. It is one of the most impressive
1232:
Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 4
792:
591:
419:
1653:
1457:"Excavations at the basilica site at el-Ashmunein/ Hermopolis magna in 1987–1990"
1369:
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 2719, in: Katja Lembke & Cäcilia Fluck, Günter Vittmann,
1103:
Currently there is a small open-air museum in which stand two massive statues of
1087:, and in the years 1987–1990 documented by a Polish-Egyptian expedition from the
966:
918:
474:
339:
246:
235:
19:
This article is about Hermopolis Magna. For other cities called Hermopolis, see
1648:
880:
866:
Father Jan Ignacy Korytkowski (1888.04.27 – 1888.05.14) as Auxiliary bishop of
614:
583:
311:
1404:
965:
Francesco Fulgenzio Lazzati, O.F.M. (born Italy) (1931.07.14 – 1932.05.24) as
1617:
1326:
1020:
587:
553:
147:
134:
223:
987:
947:
802:
610:
533:
299:
1211:
G. Mussies in: Matthieu Sybrand Huibert, Gerard Heerma van Voss (eds.),
805:? Bernardo Maria Serio (1802.08.09 – death ?) as Auxiliary Bishop of
512:
692:
621:
because they were both gods of magic and writing, was represented by the
602:
575:
563:
545:
537:
485:
343:
327:
277:
273:
120:
939:
Giorgio Glosauer (1917.07.07 – death 1926.06.09) as Auxiliary Bishop of
1599:
1356:
873:
Raphael Valenza (1889.05.24 – death 1897.12.22) as Auxiliary Bishop of
663: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
571:
541:
928:
John Jeremiah Lawler (1910.02.08 – 1916.01.29) as Auxiliary Bishop of
1107:
as a baboon worshipping the sun, and a few carved blocks of masonry.
1024:
529:
303:
292:
24:
1091:, State Ateliers for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage, and the
892:
638:
50:
1303:
1176:
1064:
1056:
891:(England) (1901.12.06 – 1915.06.01), emeritus as Titular Bishop of
1392:
Catalogue of Arabic Papyri in the John Rylands Library, Manchester
1014:
The Ibis-headed god Thoth was, with his accompanying emblems, the
859:) (1878.07.15 – 1887.03.15); later (see promoted) first Bishop of
844:
Charles-Bonaventure-François Theuret (1878.07.15 – 1887.03.15) as
765:. The diocese was nominally restored in the 18th century as Latin
1192:
974:
549:
521:
350:
295:
504:. Inscriptions at the temple call the god "The Lord of Eshmun".
1517:"St. David of Hermopolis in Egypt - Orthodox Church in America"
1288:
1213:
Studies in Egyptian Religion: Dedicated to Professor Jan Zandee
1089:
Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of Warsaw
1068:
1002:, Manchester, contains many documents referring to Hermopolis (
991:
856:
781:, as a restoration of Hermopolis (as its Latin title attests).
618:
613:, on which sat a hawk fighting with a serpent. Thoth, whom the
598:
567:
501:
489:
315:
201:
913:(Spain) (1906.12.06 – 1919.01.07), Metropolitan Archbishop of
777:(Curiate Italian) Its territory was reassigned in 1849 to the
1604:
A Checklist of Bishops in Byzantine Egypt (A.D. 325 - c. 750)
1186:
1104:
1080:
1060:
791:
Dominik Józef Kiełczewski (1760.07.21 – death 1776.02.28) as
606:
597:
The principal Egyptian deities worshipped at Hermopolis were
557:
493:
209:
110:
1076:
1072:
1015:
799:(Poland) (1760.07.21 – retired 1775.07.14) and on emeritate
622:
1483:"Konserwacja wczesnochrześcijańskiej bazyliki w Aszmunein"
334:
center from the third century. It was abandoned after the
887:(England, UK) (1899.01.29 – 1901.12.06); later Bishop of
815:
Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski (1842.01.27 – 1856.09.18) as
691:
A Christian tradition holds it to be the place where the
448:
1247:
The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt, British Museum Press
1587:
Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus
958:(Brazil) (1928.01.07 – 1931.01.30); later Bishop of
260:
909:(Spain) (1901.12.16 – 1906.12.06); later Bishop of
284:, eight associated deities residing in Hermopolis.
1055:Outside the temple complex stand the remains of a
943:(Prague, Czech Republic) (1917.07.07 – 1926.06.09)
310:, Lord of Hermopolis. It is now on display in the
1260:"Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography"
917:(Spain) (1919.01.07 – death 1926.02.14), created
883:(1899.01.29 – 1901.12.06) as Auxiliary Bishop of
1615:
458:name of the city, means "Eight-Town", after the
1063:buildings: 55 m long, it features a colonnaded
1006:); they date from the 2nd to 4th centuries AH.
544:. Hermopolis stood on the borders of Upper and
1594:Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica
773:(Latin; 1925-1929 renamed Hermopolis Magna) /
1537:
342:(meanwhile suppressed) and a Coptic Orthodox
1550:GCatholic - (former &) titular Latin see
837:(Italy) (1858.06.15 – 1859) and Ordinary of
582:Hermopolis became a significant city in the
326:, Hermopolis developed into a major city of
93:
37:
1608:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
1582:, vol. 5, p. 219; vol. 6, p. 234
1324:
870:(Gnesen, Poland) (1888.04.27 – 1888.05.14)
853:Abbey nullius of Saints-Nicholas-et-Benoît
492:" since the Greeks identified Hermes with
49:
1348:"Destruction of Egyptian Monuments"
1175:"Great Hermopolis", for distinction with
1134:List of ancient Egyptian towns and cities
839:Italia continentale of the Italo-Albanese
702:of the provincial capital's Metropolitan
679:Learn how and when to remove this message
628:
1454:
1228:
1207:
1205:
962:(Brazil) (1931.01.30 – death 1939.07.24)
863:(Monaco) (1887.03.15 – death 1901.11.11)
695:found refuge during its exile in Egypt.
511:
286:
1573:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae
1464:Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
524:during the Middle Kingdom era of Egypt.
1616:
1394:. Manchester: the John Rylands Library
1371:Ägyptens späte Blüte. Die Römer am Nil
950:(O.F.M.) (1928.01.07 – 1931.01.30) as
757:The city was a titular diocese in the
1566:Bibliography - Ecclesiastical history
1426:
1424:
1202:
1079:is 14.7 m wide, and the width of the
936:(USA) (1930.08.01 – death 1948.03.11)
809:(Sicily, Italy) (1802.08.09 – ?)
1589:, Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 595-596
1480:
1335:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
661:adding citations to reliable sources
632:
710:. Like most, it faded under Islam.
488:, the city was called "The City of
478:
250:
94:
16:Village in Minya Governorate, Egypt
13:
1421:
1139:List of Catholic dioceses in Egypt
1050:
73:
14:
1665:
1325:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
956:Territorial Prelature of Santarem
877:(Italy) (1889.05.24 – 1897.12.22)
732:Gennadius (circa 444 - after 449)
1634:Former populated places in Egypt
1318:
1110:
1093:Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities
637:
528:The city was the capital of the
72:
65:
23:. For the Hermopolite nome, see
1580:Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi
1509:
1500:
1474:
1448:
1397:
1384:
1363:
1339:
1245:Ian Shaw & Paul Nicholson,
895:(1915.06.01 – death 1916.06.27)
797:Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm
779:Coptic Catholic Eparchy of Mina
713:List of bishops of Hermopolis:
648:needs additional citations for
322:A provincial capital since the
280:. Its name is derived from the
230:(reconstructed pronunciation),
1312:
1297:
1282:
1252:
1239:
1222:
1169:
1156:
609:. Typhon was represented by a
1:
1629:Archaeological sites in Egypt
1405:"B.C. Archaeology: Ashmunein"
1149:
1009:
901:(1901.12.16 – 1906.12.06) as
899:Juan Bautista Benlloch y Vivo
835:Silicia of the Italo-Albanese
829:(1858.06.15 – death 1877) as
744:Johannes II (6th-7th century)
469:, from which the modern name
977:) (1931.07.14 – 1932.05.24).
7:
1575:, Leipzig 1931, p. 461
1127:
1023:, but the erections of the
841:(Italy) (1858.06.15 – 1860)
338:but was restored as both a
261:
232:Egyptological pronunciation
21:Hermopolis (disambiguation)
10:
1670:
1546:retrieved 20:34GMT 27.9.11
1538:Sources and external links
1390:Margoliouth, D. S. (1933)
1187:
981:
885:Archdiocese of Westminster
761:, and still is (?) in the
708:Patriarchate of Alexandria
558:
548:, and, for many ages, the
507:
368:
239:
210:
194:
38:
18:
1291:xvii. p. 813; Ptol.
1098:
946:Eduardo José Herberhold,
930:Archdiocese of Saint Paul
925:(1921.06.16 – 1926.02.14)
516:Objects from the tomb of
176:
171:
163:
126:
116:
101:
89:
60:
48:
35:
1455:Barański, Marek (1992).
1229:Gauthier, Henri (1927).
1071:and side galleries. The
952:Coadjutor Bishop-Prelate
741:Johannes I (6th century)
336:Muslim conquest of Egypt
1624:Cities in ancient Egypt
1122:Severus Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ
903:Apostolic Administrator
846:Apostolic Administrator
821:Archdiocese of Warszawa
817:Apostolic Administrator
726:Plusianus (4th century)
698:Hermopolis Maior was a
449:
360:
222:
1571:Pius Bonifacius Gams,
1181:Stephanus of Byzantium
868:Archdiocese of Gniezno
807:Archdiocese of Palermo
763:Coptic Orthodox Church
747:Isidorus (7th century)
738:Ulpianus (6th century)
735:Victor (circa 448/463)
704:Archdiocese of Antinoe
629:Ecclesiastical history
590:in the administrative
525:
319:
55:Basilica of Hermopolis
1596:, Vol. 22, p. 61
1409:www.bcarchaeology.com
1332:Catholic Encyclopedia
1085:Alexandria University
923:S. Maria in Ara Coeli
875:Archdiocese of Chieti
759:Roman Catholic Church
706:, in the sway of the
515:
290:
148:27.78139°N 30.80389°E
90:Alternative name
1353:Littell's Living Age
1164:Ammianus Marcellinus
1000:John Rylands Library
941:Archdiocese of Praha
657:improve this article
324:Old Kingdom of Egypt
1264:artflx.uchicago.edu
1144:Coptic architecture
1117:David of Hermopolis
996:Oxyrhynchus Papyrus
850:Subiaco Benedictine
559:Ἑρμοπολιτάνη φυλακή
428:(2055–1650 BC)
215:Hermoû pólis megálẽ
144: /
32:
1610:100 (1994) 283-318
1327:"Hermopolis Magna"
1197:Antonine Itinerary
570:). The grottos of
526:
320:
308:Thoth Thrice-Great
211:Ἑρμοῦ πόλις μεγάλη
153:27.78139; 30.80389
81:Shown within Egypt
30:
1639:Minya Governorate
1481:Barański, Marek.
1309:, p. 371, D.
1177:Lesser Hermopolis
775:Ermopoli Maggiore
767:Titular bishopric
720:Fasileus (in 325)
717:Conon (circa 250)
700:suffragan diocese
689:
688:
681:
456:Egyptian language
441:
440:
429:
404:
403:
400:
399:
355:Minya Governorate
271:
259:
184:
183:
107:Minya Governorate
1661:
1592:Gaetano Moroni,
1585:Michel Lequien,
1558:Marek Barański.
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1490:Ochrona Zabytków
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1478:
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1471:
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1336:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1310:
1301:
1295:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1266:. Archived from
1256:
1250:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1226:
1220:
1209:
1200:
1190:
1189:
1173:
1167:
1160:
1045:
1044:
1040:
793:Auxiliary Bishop
771:Hermopolis Maior
729:Andreas (in 431)
723:Dios (circa 350)
684:
677:
673:
670:
664:
641:
633:
617:associated with
592:diocese of Egypt
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560:
480:
465:
452:
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369:
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219:Ancient Egyptian
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1389:
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1210:
1203:
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1152:
1130:
1113:
1101:
1053:
1051:Coptic Basilica
1042:
1038:
1037:
1012:
984:
967:Apostolic Vicar
919:Cardinal-Priest
827:Agostino Franco
685:
674:
668:
665:
654:
642:
631:
532:(the fifteenth
510:
463:
426:
410:
394:
380:
363:
330:, and an early
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44:
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28:
17:
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11:
5:
1667:
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1646:
1641:
1636:
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1611:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1578:Konrad Eubel,
1576:
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1533:
1532:
1508:
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1447:
1436:pcma.uw.edu.pl
1420:
1396:
1383:
1373:, Mainz 2004,
1362:
1338:
1311:
1296:
1281:
1270:on 9 July 2012
1251:
1238:
1235:. p. 176.
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1008:
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978:
973:(then Italian
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896:
881:Robert Brindle
878:
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842:
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745:
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724:
721:
718:
687:
686:
645:
643:
636:
630:
627:
615:ancient Greeks
584:Roman province
509:
506:
481:) is derived.
439:
438:
435:
434:
431:
430:
424:Middle Kingdom
416:
415:
406:
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340:Latin Catholic
312:British Museum
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105:El Ashmunein,
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1600:Klaas A. Worp
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1111:Famous people
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1021:Pharaonic era
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646:This section
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588:Thebais Prima
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237:
234:: "Khemenu";
233:
226:
225:
220:
216:
207:
203:
200:"the City of
199:
192:
191:Ancient Greek
188:
179:
175:
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166:
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157:
129:
125:
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68:
59:
52:
47:
34:
26:
22:
1607:
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1593:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1524:. Retrieved
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
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1467:
1463:
1450:
1439:. Retrieved
1435:
1412:. Retrieved
1408:
1399:
1391:
1386:
1370:
1365:
1355:– via
1352:
1341:
1330:
1314:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1268:the original
1263:
1254:
1246:
1241:
1231:
1224:
1212:
1195:IV 5. § 60.
1183:
1171:
1158:
1102:
1054:
1033:
1013:
1003:
985:
948:Friars Minor
803:Bishop-elect
783:
774:
770:
756:
750:Eugenius (?)
712:
697:
690:
675:
666:
655:Please help
650:verification
647:
611:hippopotamus
596:
581:
576:Antinoöpolis
527:
518:Djehutynakht
483:
471:el Ashmunein
470:
466:
447:
443:
442:
348:
321:
300:Nectanebo II
262:al-Ashmunayn
242:
214:
205:
197:
186:
185:
1644:Set (deity)
1432:"Ashmunein"
1307:Is. et Osir
1188:Ἑρμοῦ πόλις
693:Holy Family
564:Bahr Yussef
546:Lower Egypt
538:Upper Egypt
486:Koine Greek
413:hieroglyphs
344:titular see
328:Roman Egypt
278:Upper Egypt
245:, and thus
228:/χaˈmaːnaw/
198:Hermoúpolis
151: /
127:Coordinates
121:Upper Egypt
1618:Categories
1526:2017-03-19
1441:2020-06-22
1414:2020-06-22
1357:Wikisource
1274:2 February
1150:References
1067:ending in
1032:. (Dénon,
1010:The temple
934:Rapid City
889:Nottingham
753:Paulus (?)
572:Beni Hasan
542:Heptanomis
498:Phoenician
195:Ἑρμούπολις
187:Hermopolis
172:Site notes
167:Settlement
139:30°48′14″E
136:27°46′53″N
31:Hermopolis
1293:loc. cit.
1215:(1982),
1199:pp. 154f.
1075:with the
1025:Ptolemies
971:Mogadishu
669:July 2017
540:) in the
530:Hare nome
479:الأشمونين
357:, Egypt.
332:Christian
304:sanctuary
293:siltstone
256:romanized
251:الأشمونين
177:Condition
95:الأشمونين
25:Hare nome
1166:, II 16)
1128:See also
1065:transept
1057:basilica
1034:L'Egypte
831:Ordinary
298:of King
204:", also
180:In ruins
102:Location
1521:Oca.org
1381:, p. 29
1193:Ptolemy
1179:, e.g.
1069:exedras
1041:⁄
1030:Gournou
982:Remains
975:Somalia
907:Solsona
848:of the
574:, near
550:Thebaid
522:nomarch
508:History
454:), the
444:Khemenu
351:Mallawi
296:obelisk
270:
258::
1654:Hermes
1555:(2019)
1377:
1323:
1289:Strabo
1099:Museum
1081:aisles
1061:Coptic
1004:Ushmun
992:Muslim
960:Ilhéus
915:Burgos
911:Urgell
893:Tacapæ
861:Monaco
857:Monaco
619:Hermes
605:) and
599:Typhon
568:Arabic
562:, the
554:Thebes
502:Eshmun
500:deity
490:Hermes
475:Arabic
460:Ogdoad
316:London
291:Black
282:Ogdoad
247:Arabic
236:Coptic
202:Hermes
117:Region
1649:Thoth
1606:, in
1486:(PDF)
1460:(PDF)
1304:Plut.
1217:p. 92
1105:Thoth
988:Roman
607:Thoth
494:Thoth
467:Shmun
464:Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ
274:Lower
243:Shmun
240:Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ
111:Egypt
40:Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ
1375:ISBN
1276:2022
1184:s.v.
1077:apse
1073:nave
1016:Ibis
623:ibis
534:nome
520:, a
450:Ḫmnw
409:ḫmnw
361:Name
276:and
268:lit.
224:ḫmnw
164:Type
969:of
954:of
921:of
905:of
833:of
819:of
795:of
769:of
659:by
603:Set
586:of
566:in
536:of
484:In
420:Era
411:in
306:of
1620::
1602:,
1519:.
1494:43
1492:.
1488:.
1466:.
1462:.
1434:.
1423:^
1407:.
1351:.
1329:.
1262:.
1204:^
1191:;
1095:.
625:.
594:.
477::
422::
353:,
346:.
314:,
265:,
253:,
249::
238::
221::
217:,
208:,
193::
109:,
1529:.
1496:.
1470:.
1468:3
1444:.
1417:.
1359:.
1278:.
1219:.
1162:(
1043:2
1039:1
855:(
682:)
676:(
671:)
667:(
653:.
601:(
473:(
446:(
318:.
189:(
27:.
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