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341:(1533–1602) in 1581. He used a design which he repeated in several fountains, which he adapted from earlier ancient Roman fountains. It had a single vasque, or bowl, on a pedestal, from which water spouted upwards and then poured down into polygonal basin. What made the fountain in Piazza Mattei different was the decoration; Mattei commissioned the young sculptor
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fountain. All of the fountains connected to the Acqua
Vergine aqueduct had the same problem- the immediate source of the water, a reservoir near the Piazza Spagna, was only sixty-seven feet above sea level, with only a twenty-three foot fall over the entire system. As a result, the Fonta delle Tartarughe had only a feeble flow of water.
513:. They embellished their houses with emblems, paintings and sculptures with the eagle of Jupiter and representations of Ganymede. The upraised arms of the figures in the fountain resembles the posture of classical Roman representations of Ganymede being abducted by the eagle. The turtle was associated in mythology with Jupiter.
817:" I have discovered that there are many connections between the turtle and the myth of Jupiter and Ganymede; that there are similarities, not only between Jupiter and Jupiter Sabazio, but also between the Phrygian sun god Mithras, who is believed to have been a part of the syncretism, and Ganymede." See Togstad thesis.
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A popular Roman legend claims that a Duke Muzio Mattei, ruined by gambling, ordered the fountain to be built overnight in order to win the trust of the wealthy father of a woman he wished to marry. The next morning he opened the window of his palazzo and showed his future father in law the fountain.
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To resolve this problem, the fountain was modified soon after it was finished. Four of the dolphins which were intended to spout water, probably supported by the hands of the ephebes, were removed and moved to another fountain, the
Fontana della Terrina, which was then in the Campo de'Fiori, before
485:
posture of the bronze figures and the presence of the bronze turtles, which were added in 1658 or 1659. Some historians say the upraised hands of the male figures were meant to hold up the four bronze dolphins which were removed when the fountain opened because of insufficient water pressure to make
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shells surrounding the base of the fountain. The four bronze ephebes are placed around the vasque of fountain, each resting one foot on the head of a bronze dolphin, reaching down to hold the tail of the dolphin, and raising up one hand toward the edge of the vasque. Water pours out of the mouths of
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The story is probably only a legend; sceptics note that it would have been very difficult to construct such a complex fountain in the dark without making any noise in a single night. According to historians such as
Maurizia Tazertes the fountain was built over a long period between 1581 and 1588,
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The fountain apparently served the whole neighborhood. Drinking water was carried from the fountain to homes around the neighborhood by servants, family members, or paid water porters. Early engravings show that, after the fountain was opened, an ancient Roman sarcophagus was placed next to it to
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Other historians note that Roman fountain statuary in the
Renaissance usually told a story or represented a virtue which their patron believed he possessed. The German historian Phillip Fehl suggested that the theme of the fountain was "Festina lente," the neoplatonic saying "make haste slowly,"
472:
In 1853–54, during a brief period of puritanism in Rome, leaves were placed over the sexual organs of the boys. In 1979 one of the turtles was stolen from the fountain. After the theft the original turtles were replaced by copies. The statue was equipped with a water purification system to
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The fountain almost immediately had a problem of water supply. All the fountains of Rome functioned by gravity- the source of the water had to be higher than the fountain, and the height that the water could jet upwards was determined by the difference in elevation between the source and the
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The fountain in Piazza Mattei was left with a single upward jet of water in the vasque which filled the bowl, which drained through the mouths of the puti into the lower basin, and four small streams through the mouths of the dolphins which flowed into the conch shells.
445:
The original fountain design called for four bronze dolphins on the upper vasque, supported by the upraised hands of the four young men. With the removal of the four dolphins because of the low water pressure, the upraised hands of the statues seemed to have no purpose.
723:“Questo fra gli altri fonti, che sono in Roma a nostri tempi, e tenuto per il più bello & perfetto, che vi sia, per la vaghezza & eccelenza dell’opera” Girolamo Ferrucci, L’Antichità di Roma di Andrea Fulvio, Venice 1588, p.322. (cited by Anne Kristine Togstad.)
254:. One of the members of the committee that selected the sites of the fountains was the Roman nobleman Muzio Mattei, Mattei used his influence and money to have the fountain location moved to the small Piazza Mattei, in the block where the members of his family lived.
176:
The
Fontana delle Tatarughe, like all Renaissance fountains, was designed to supply drinking water to the Roman population. It was one of a group of eighteen new fountains built in Rome in the sixteenth century following the restoration of a ruined first century
533:
Defenders of the legend point out that the
Palazzo Giacomo Mattei, the earlier residence of the Mattei family, which stands directly in front of the fountain, was built in the early 16th century, before the fountain was built, and thus the legend could be true.
732:”Fontana Mattei...l’altra bellissima de’Signori Matthei a piazza de’Funari sono degni testimonii della sua virtù” Giovanni Baglione: Le vite de pittori, scultore et architetti Giovanni Baglione, Rome 1642, p.82. (Cited by Anne Kristine Togstad).
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prevent the buildup of calcium deposits, which had required the frequent cleaning of the fountain. The water purification system was replaced in 2003 and the marble and bronze of the fountain were extensively restored and preserved in 2006.
501:. The legend recounts how the god Jupiter fell in love with the handsome young shepherd Ganymede. Jupiter transformed himself into an eagle and lifted Ganymede to the sky, where he became immortal and the cupbearer to the gods. In 1597 the
807:
Fehl, Phillip: „Schönheit, Schicklichkeit und
Ikonographie: Bemerkungen zur Fontana delle Tartarughe in Rom“ in Martin Gosebruch zu Ehren: Festschrift anlässlich seines 65. Geburts-tages am 20. Juni 1984, ed. F.N. Steigerwald, Munich
223:
following
Michelangelo's and rebuilt the facades of some of Rome's major churches. The reconstruction of the aqueduct was finished in August 1570, with the first water flowing to a reservoir near the present Trevi Fountain.
200:, in 19 b.c. It carried water from the village of Salone in the Alban Hills, nine miles north of Rome, and ended in a fountain near the Pantheon. It was known for the purity of its water. The aqueduct was destroyed by the
695:
Katherine
Whitworth Rinne, The Rise and Fall of the Waters of Rome, in Fountains, Splash and Spectacle, Water and Design from the Renaissance to the Present, edited by Marilyn Symmes, Thames and Hudson, London,
522:
The father was impressed and allowed the marriage to go ahead, and the Duke, to remember the event, had the window overlooking the fountain closed up. A window closed by brick still overlooks the fountain.
262:
In 1580, the authorities of Rome agreed to move the water channel for the new fountain from its original site to the Piazza Mattei. In exchange for moving the fountain to the place in front of his home,
566:
Turtle
Fountain in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan is situated on a circular terrace alongside Cranbrook House. In recent years the fountain was restored, funded by Cranbrook House and Gardens Auxiliary.
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Probably to correct this problem and balance the composition, the four turtles around the edge of the vasque were added during a restoration of the fountain between 1658 and 1659 ordered by
208:(772-795) in the 8th century. Through the Middle Ages it was the only aqueduct supplying drinking water to Roman fountains; the rest of the city's drinking water came from the Tiber River.
559:
There are four documented replicas of Fontana Delle Tartarughe in the United States, located in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan; Sarasota, Florida; San Francisco, California; and at the
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550:
A replica of the fountain, made in Rome in the early 1900s, was bought by William H. and Ethel Crocker for their estate at Hillsborough, California. It was given to the city of
82:
349:, or young adolescent men, and eight dolphins. They were originally intended to be of marble but were finally made of bronze, which was more expensive. The Ephebes, in the
364:
The fountain is composed of square basin with a circular vasque of African marble mounted on a pedestal in the center. Around the edge of the vasque are the four heads of
857:
Steven F. Ostrow, "Collecting Copies of 'the most charming fountain in Rome': Taddeo Landini's Fontana delle Tartarughe," Artibus et Historiae, 84, 2021, pp. 265-305.
759:
The inscription reads, ALEXANDER VII – RESTAURAUIT – ORNATIQUE – ANNO PONTIF IV. (Alexander VII restored and decorated this in the fourth year of his pontificate.).
464:
The turtles are very realistic; If their creator was Bernini, he may have used casts of a real turtle, as he did with sculptures he made of other living creatures.
426:, which spread its fame. In 1642, the artist and critic Giovannin Baglione also praised the fountain's beauty, calling it a tribute to the virtue of its patron.
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Della Porta and the city of Rome made a plan to build eighteen new fountains connected to the new aqueduct. He began in 1572 with the fountain in
172:
A copy of an engraving of the fountain made in 1664. It does not show the turtles, which were added in 1658 or 1659 when the fountain was restored.
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Norwegian art historian Anne Kristine Togstad believes that the male figures and turtles are both connected to the Roman and Greek legend of
2696:
278:; a family of bankers and politicians whose family lines went back to an early Roman family, the Papareschi, and whose ancestors included
999:
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them spout water. The turtles were added simply to balance the composition and to give a reason for the upraised arms of the figures.
419:, was a popular and critical success. In 1588, the writer Girolamo Ferrucci called it "the most beautiful and perfect fountain in Rome."
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by their four children and installed in Huntington Park, Nob Hill, in 1954. It stands rather lower in the water than the Roman original.
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282:(1130–1143). In the 1350s the family moved to the Rione Sant Angelo, and they eventually built six residences in the block called the
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decided to build a wall around the Ghetto in 1555 and imprison the Jewish population, the Mattei were given a key to the gate.
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Art historians have presented various theories about the iconography of the fountain, particularly about the odd
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The Fontana delle Tartarughe is one of the few fountains in Rome built not for a Pope, but for a private patron.
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serve as a watering trough for horses, to keep that water separate from the drinking water for people.
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873:, French edition, translated from Italian by Christine Piot. Citadelles and Mazenod, Paris, 2004.
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decided to completely reconstruct the aqueduct. The project was given to the Papal architect,
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219:(1532–1602), who built some of Rome's most famous fountains, and also completed the dome of
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461:. The date of the restoration is recorded on four scrolls of marble around the fountain.
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49:
848:
The Campus Guide: Cranbrook, Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Princeton Architectural Press, 2001.
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345:, (1550–1596) for his first sculptural commission in Rome, to create statues of four
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897:, University of Oslo, 2005. (Doctoral Thesis whose full text is available online.).
509:, the Italian name for Jupiter, and built a new residence near the fountain called
310:
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agreed to pay the cost of the maintenance of the fountain, and to pave the square.
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2012:
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In the original plan of 1570 a new fountain was to have been placed near the
232:
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di Giove, the main residence of the Mattei, was not completed until 1616.
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The fountain was the subject of engravings and drawings by such artists as
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style, may have been inspired by eight bronze figures made in 1563-1565 by
313:, was an important art patron; in 1598-1616 he commissioned the architect
295:
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271:
264:
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147:. The bronze turtles around the upper basin, usually attributed either to
429:
In the seventeenth century the fountain was often misattributed to either
321:
di Giove close to the fountain, and accumulated a notable art collection.
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1663:
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1365:
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contrasting the speed of the dolphins and the slowness of the turtles.
192:
The Acqua Vergine had been one of the first Roman aqueducts, opened by
163:
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2931:
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1716:
1451:
1057:
579:
350:
201:
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155:, were added in either 1658 or 1659 when the fountain was restored.
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124:
2616:
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Cesare D'Ononfrio, Ch. I, a.i.i., also Maurizia Tazartes, pg. 62
574:
The fountain and the Piazza Mattei appear in the 1968 war movie
2641:
936:
373:
the dolphins into the conch shells, then into the basin below.
368:
which spout water into the basin below. There are four marble
139:, Italy. It was built between 1580 and 1588 by the architect
3036:
895:
Fontana delle Tartarughe- the iconography of a Roman fountain
676:
Fontana delle tartarughe, the iconography of a Roman fountain
369:
365:
64:
257:
136:
60:
476:
394:
being moved to a new site in front of the new church of
830:, Rome, 2000 pg. 254, cited by Anne Kristine Togstad.
902:
Le Fontane di Roma, con documenti e disegni inediti,
164:
The source of the water - the Acqua Vergine Aqueduct
578:, when a reconnaissance party enters the city in a
920:Doctoral thesis on the iconography of the fountain
250:in the Piazza Giudea, the site of a market in the
437:, which added to its popularity and reputation.
3421:
589:, the 1999 film directed by Anthony Minghella.
411:The fountain, which then was called simply the
204:in the 6th century, then partially restored by
826:The legend is recounted in Georgio Carpaneto,
440:
333:Piazza Mattei and the Fontana delle Tartarughe
993:
585:The fountain also appears in a few scenes of
324:
647:Maurizia Tazartes, Fontaines de Rome, pg. 62
3092:Museo Storico Nazionale dell'Arte Sanitaria
925:The legend of the Fountain on LegendaryRome
337:The fountain was designed by the architect
3430:Buildings and structures completed in 1588
3243:
2977:Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum
1000:
986:
915:Site on the Fountain and Mattei residences
797:Site on the Fountain and Mattei residences
385:The ephebes, the turtles, and the dolphins
231:, then built the two famous fountains of
40:Fontana delle Tartarughe, in Piazza Mattei
453:. They are usually attributed either to
290:, the historic Jewish quarter, they were
3142:Santa Cecilia Musical Instruments Museum
2060:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
541:
380:
328:
258:The Patron of the Fountain, Muzio Mattei
167:
376:
3422:
3077:Museo nazionale del Palazzo di Venezia
2065:Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican
477:The iconography of the turtle fountain
73:Click on the map for a fullscreen view
2345:Sacro Cuore di GesĂą a Castro Pretorio
1007:
981:
2752:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier of Italy
2100:S. Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana
406:
2768:Column of the Immaculate Conception
2697:in Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere
131:, located in Piazza Mattei, in the
13:
3097:Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome
2050:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
616:Tazartes, pg. 10, and Morton, the
235:(1574–1578), and the fountain in
14:
3456:
3047:Museo Barracco di Scultura Antica
3012:Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna
1488:Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
908:
786:Article in the Italian Knowledge.
467:
361:, or du Biancone, in Florence.
3112:Museum of the Liberation of Rome
3057:Museo delle anime del Purgatorio
3007:Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica
2997:Galleria Comunale d'Arte Moderna
1458:Temple of Antoninus and Faustina
935:
930:The sound of the Roman Fountains
34:
3117:National Museum of Oriental Art
3017:Giorgio de Chirico House Museum
2446:Palazzo Barberini ai Giubbonari
2431:Domus Internationalis Paulus VI
942:Fontana delle Tartarughe (Rome)
851:
842:
833:
820:
811:
801:
789:
780:
771:
762:
753:
744:
735:
726:
717:
708:
699:
3137:Porta San Paolo Railway Museum
1932:Columbarium of Pomponius Hylas
689:
680:
668:
659:
650:
641:
632:
623:
610:
1:
741:Anne Kristine Togstad, pg. 22
604:
305:was appointed Cardinal under
3102:Museum of Roman Civilization
3032:Keats–Shelley Memorial House
2511:Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne
2055:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
546:A replica at Huntington Park
286:. Though they lived in the
7:
3194:Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus
3072:Museo di Roma in Trastevere
3042:Museo Archeologico Ostiense
2778:Hospital of the Holy Spirit
2350:S. Sebastiano fuori le mura
1957:Tomb of Eurysaces the Baker
1927:Catacombs of San Sebastiano
592:
441:The addition of the turtles
10:
3461:
3335:Castello Orsini-Odescalchi
2421:Casa dei Cavalieri di Rodi
2195:S. Giovanni dei Fiorentini
2190:S. Giovanni a Porta Latina
1463:Temple of Apollo Palatinus
863:
777:See Anne Kristine Togstad.
563:in Newport, Rhode Island.
505:acquired the territory of
325:The design of the fountain
196:, a chief aide of emperor
158:
3401:
3373:
3313:
3291:
3236:
3155:
3127:Palazzo delle Esposizioni
2965:
2915:
2801:
2740:
2594:
2556:Palazzo Vidoni-Caffarelli
2456:Palazzo della Cancelleria
2408:
2388:
2038:
1997:
1902:
1879:
1854:Column of Marcus Aurelius
1841:
1759:
1694:
1634:Basilica of Junius Bassus
1612:
1550:
1478:Temple of Hercules Victor
1468:Temple of Apollo Sosianus
1443:
1407:
1382:
1315:
1295:Arch of Septimius Severus
1262:
1251:
1217:
1015:
963:Fontana delle Tartarughe
839:Maurizia Tazartes, pg. 62
828:Le famiglie nobili romane
714:Maurizia Tazartes, pg. 62
599:List of fountains in Rome
569:
537:
516:
396:Santa Maria in Vallicella
78:
70:
55:
45:
33:
28:
21:
3325:Appian Way Regional Park
3132:Pigorini National Museum
3052:Museo Civico di Zoologia
2687:della Piazza dei Quiriti
2399:List of churches in Rome
2340:Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re
2165:S. Croce in Via Flaminia
2140:S. Cecilia in Trastevere
2125:Ss. Bonifacio ed Alessio
2105:S. Apollinare alle Terme
2085:S. Anastasia al Palatino
2070:S. Lorenzo fuori le mura
1849:Column of Antoninus Pius
1526:Largo di Torre Argentina
1498:Temple of Minerva Medica
1493:Temple of Jupiter Tonans
117:Fontana delle Tartarughe
23:Fontana delle Tartarughe
3213:Portonaccio sarcophagus
3200:Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
3177:Colossus of Constantine
3172:Augustus of Prima Porta
3147:Venanzo Crocetti Museum
3107:Museum of the Ara Pacis
3082:Museo Nazionale Etrusco
3002:Galleria Doria Pamphilj
2892:Via della Conciliazione
2852:Piazza della Repubblica
2481:Palazzo Fusconi-Pighini
2436:Palazzo Aragona Gonzaga
2275:S. Maria della Vittoria
2170:S. Croce in Gerusalemme
2120:S. Bartolomeo all'Isola
2075:S. Agnese fuori le mura
1542:Porta Maggiore Basilica
1243:Obelisk of Montecitorio
904:2nd edition, Rome, 1962
893:Anne Kristine Togstad,
795:Tazartes (pg. 62) and
674:Anne Kristine Tagstad,
587:The Talented Mr. Ripley
511:Palazzo Mattei di Giove
424:Giovanni Battista Falda
16:Fountain in Rome, Italy
3440:Rome R. XI Sant'Angelo
3383:Festa della Repubblica
3223:Sistine Chapel ceiling
3087:Museo Nazionale Romano
2957:Parco degli Acquedotti
2937:Villa Borghese gardens
2897:Via dei Fori Imperiali
2471:Palazzo della Consulta
2355:S. Silvestro in Capite
2260:S. Maria in Trastevere
2255:S. Maria sopra Minerva
2230:S. Maria in Montesanto
2090:S. Andrea delle Fratte
1962:Tomb of Hilarus Fuscus
1947:Mausoleum of Maxentius
1917:Catacombs of Domitilla
1825:Villa of the Quintilii
768:Anne Kristine Togstad.
547:
386:
334:
309:, and another nephew,
173:
3445:Sculptures of turtles
3375:Events and traditions
3182:La Bocca della VeritĂ
3027:Jewish Museum of Rome
2521:Palazzo del Quirinale
2365:S. Sofia a Via Boccea
2225:S. Maria degli Angeli
2215:S. Maria Ausiliatrice
2095:S. Andrea della Valle
1937:Mausoleum of Augustus
1871:Five-Columns Monument
1819:Insula dell'Ara Coeli
1671:Portico Dii Consentes
1639:Basilica of Maxentius
944:at Wikimedia Commons
545:
384:
332:
171:
98:41.89389°N 12.47750°E
3228:Velletri Sarcophagus
3188:Laocoön and His Sons
2942:Villa Doria Pamphili
2847:Piazza della Minerva
2672:di Piazza d'Aracoeli
2561:Palazzo del Viminale
2506:Palazzo di Giustizia
2335:Sacro Cuore di Maria
2320:Ss. Quattro Coronati
2305:S. Pietro in Vincoli
2290:S. Nicola in Carcere
2285:Ss. Nereo e Achilleo
2270:S. Maria in Via Lata
2245:S. Maria in Aracoeli
2235:S. Maria in Cosmedin
2210:S. Lorenzo in Lucina
2205:S. Lorenzo in Damaso
2200:Ss. Giovanni e Paolo
2145:Ss. Celso e Giuliano
2130:S. Camillo de Lellis
1746:Theatre of Marcellus
1518:House of the Vestals
869:Maurizia Tazartes,
455:Gian Lorenzo Bernini
413:Fontana delli Mattei
377:The problem of water
355:Bartolomeo Ammannati
274:was a member of the
248:Theater of Marcellus
237:Piazza della Rotonda
221:St. Peter's Basilica
149:Gian Lorenzo Bernini
2748:Altare della Patria
2409:Castles and palaces
2280:S. Martino ai Monti
2250:S. Maria del Popolo
2240:S. Maria in Domnica
2185:S. Francesca Romana
2155:Ss. Cosma e Damiano
1977:Tombs of Via Latina
1972:Tomb of the Scipios
1967:Tomb of the Haterii
1942:Mausoleum of Helena
1741:Stadium of Domitian
1731:Gardens of Maecenas
1707:Circus of Maxentius
1644:Basilica of Neptune
1621:Basilica Argentaria
1425:Baths of Diocletian
1398:Cloaca Circi Maximi
1270:Arch of Constantine
1238:Obelisk of Minerveo
900:D'Onofrio, Cesare,
359:Fountain of Neptune
339:Giacomo della Porta
217:Giacomo della Porta
141:Giacomo della Porta
129:Italian Renaissance
121:The Turtle Fountain
94: /
50:Giacomo Della Porta
3393:Rome Film Festival
3355:Villa Aldobrandini
2982:Capitoline Museums
2827:Clivus Capitolinus
2486:Palazzo Giustinani
2426:Castel Sant'Angelo
2370:S. Stefano Rotondo
1952:Pyramid of Cestius
1801:Palace of Domitian
1736:Gardens of Sallust
1583:Forum of Vespasian
1503:Temple of Portunus
1420:Baths of Caracalla
888:The Waters of Rome
878:Le fontane di Roma
548:
451:Pope Alexander VII
387:
335:
174:
103:41.89389; 12.47750
3435:Fountains in Rome
3417:
3416:
3388:Rome Quadriennale
3315:Metropolitan City
3309:
3308:
2992:Galleria Borghese
2867:Piazza San Pietro
2842:Piazza del Popolo
2837:Piazza d'Aracoeli
2810:and public spaces
2692:di Piazza Nicosia
2682:di Piazza Farnese
2677:di Piazza Colonna
2551:Palazzo Valentini
2441:Palazzo Barberini
2135:S. Carlo al Corso
2034:
2033:
2025:Ponte Sant'Angelo
1982:Tomb of Priscilla
1922:Catacombs of Rome
1796:House of Augustus
1785:Domus Transitoria
1751:Theatre of Pompey
1678:Porticus Octaviae
1568:Forum of Augustus
1473:Temple of Hadrian
1285:Arch of Gallienus
1275:Arch of Dolabella
1233:Flaminian Obelisk
1009:Landmarks of Rome
976:
975:
966:Succeeded by
960:Landmarks of Rome
940:Media related to
871:Fontaines de Rome
407:Critical reaction
229:Piazza del Popolo
187:Pope Gregory XIII
143:and the sculptor
113:
112:
74:
3452:
3241:
3240:
3166:Apollo Belvedere
3062:Museo delle Mura
2882:Via dei Coronari
2872:Piazza di Spagna
2566:Palazzo Wedekind
2526:Palazzo Pamphilj
2451:Palazzo Borghese
2360:S. Sisto Vecchio
1888:Porticus Aemilia
1860:Column of Phocas
1842:Column monuments
1603:Forum Holitorium
1508:Temple of Saturn
1415:Baths of Agrippa
1331:Aqua Alexandrina
1263:Triumphal arches
1260:
1259:
1132:Castra Praetoria
1002:
995:
988:
979:
978:
950:Preceded by
947:
946:
939:
858:
855:
849:
846:
840:
837:
831:
824:
818:
815:
809:
805:
799:
793:
787:
784:
778:
775:
769:
766:
760:
757:
751:
748:
742:
739:
733:
730:
724:
721:
715:
712:
706:
705:Tazartes, pg. 42
703:
697:
693:
687:
684:
678:
672:
666:
663:
657:
654:
648:
645:
639:
638:Tazartes, pg. 14
636:
630:
629:Tazartes, pg. 14
627:
621:
614:
417:Fons Mattheiorum
311:Asdrubale Mattei
280:Pope Innocent II
239:in front of the
109:
108:
106:
105:
104:
99:
95:
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90:
87:
72:
38:
19:
18:
3460:
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3453:
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3449:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3397:
3369:
3345:Hadrian's Villa
3317:of Rome Capital
3316:
3305:
3301:Monte Testaccio
3287:
3232:
3151:
3122:Palazzo Colonna
2968:
2961:
2919:
2911:
2822:Campo de' Fiori
2809:
2797:
2741:Other landmarks
2736:
2712:Quattro Fontane
2590:
2576:Villa Farnesina
2571:Palazzo Zuccari
2541:Palazzo Ruspoli
2476:Palazzo Farnese
2466:Palazzo Colonna
2404:
2384:
2265:S. Maria in Via
2041:
2030:
1993:
1988:Vigna Randanini
1898:
1894:Trajan's Market
1875:
1866:Trajan's Column
1837:
1771:Domus Augustana
1755:
1690:
1608:
1573:Forum of Caesar
1546:
1513:Temple of Vesta
1483:Temple of Janus
1439:
1435:Baths of Trajan
1403:
1378:
1345:Aqua Anio Novus
1338:Aqua Anio Vetus
1311:
1254:
1247:
1228:Lateran Obelisk
1213:
1016:Walls and gates
1011:
1006:
967:
962:
954:Quattro Fontane
951:
911:
876:Willy Pochino,
866:
861:
856:
852:
847:
843:
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821:
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750:Tazartes, pg 62
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303:Girolamo Mattei
301:Muzio's nephew
276:House of Mattei
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96:
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59:Piazza Mattei,
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3022:Galleria Spada
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2989:
2987:Casa di Goethe
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2952:Villa Torlonia
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2921:
2917:Parks, gardens
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2910:
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2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
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2877:Piazza Venezia
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2857:Piazza Farnese
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2832:Piazza Colonna
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2811:
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2722:Trevi Fountain
2719:
2714:
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2702:di Ponte Sisto
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2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2536:Palazzo Riario
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Palazzo Mattei
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2496:Palazzo Madama
2493:
2491:Lateran Palace
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
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2453:
2448:
2443:
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2428:
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2390:Other churches
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2087:
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2046:
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2040:Roman Catholic
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2021:
2016:
2013:Pons Fabricius
2009:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1984:
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1934:
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1856:
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1839:
1838:
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1835:
1827:
1822:
1815:
1813:Villa of Livia
1810:
1807:Villa Gordiani
1803:
1798:
1793:
1791:Flavian Palace
1788:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1764:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
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1712:Circus of Nero
1709:
1704:
1702:Circus Maximus
1698:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1650:Basilica Ulpia
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1628:Basilica Julia
1624:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1588:Trajan's Forum
1585:
1580:
1578:Forum of Nerva
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1560:
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1280:Arch of Drusus
1277:
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1137:Janiculum Wall
1134:
1129:
1128:
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1107:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1093:San Sebastiano
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1023:Aurelian Walls
1019:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1005:
1004:
997:
990:
982:
974:
973:
970:Trevi Fountain
964:
957:
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932:
927:
922:
917:
910:
909:External links
907:
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518:
515:
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469:
468:Recent history
466:
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375:
343:Taddeo Landini
326:
323:
319:Palazzo Mattei
292:Roman Catholic
259:
256:
194:Marcus Agrippa
179:Roman aqueduct
165:
162:
160:
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145:Taddeo Landini
111:
110:
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68:
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3365:Villa Farnese
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3218:Raphael Rooms
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2783:Milizie Tower
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2763:Capocci Tower
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2707:Quattro Fiumi
2705:
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2017:
2015:
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2010:
2008:
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1996:
1990:
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1911:Casal Rotondo
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1695:Entertainment
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1430:Baths of Nero
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1253:Ancient Roman
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1202:Querquetulana
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1125:Santo Spirito
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1078:San Pancrazio
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890:, London 1970
889:
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880:, Rome, 1996.
879:
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557:
556:
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552:San Francisco
544:
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531:
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514:
512:
508:
504:
503:Mattei family
500:
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491:
487:
484:
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465:
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459:Andrea Sacchi
456:
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391:
383:
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356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
331:
322:
320:
317:to build the
316:
315:Carlo Maderno
312:
308:
307:Pope Sixtus V
304:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
255:
253:
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244:
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233:Piazza Navona
230:
225:
222:
218:
214:
209:
207:
206:Pope Adrian I
203:
199:
195:
190:
188:
184:
183:Acqua Vergine
180:
170:
156:
154:
153:Andrea Sacchi
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
107:
79:Coordinates:
77:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
51:
48:
44:
37:
32:
27:
20:
3409:Vatican City
3360:Villa d'Este
3350:Ostia Antica
3330:Capo di Bove
3296:Tiber Island
3205:
3198:
3186:
3164:
2947:Villa Medici
2788:Sisto Bridge
2758:Campo Verano
2716:
2662:del Pantheon
2607:Acqua Felice
2586:Villa Madama
2581:Villa Giulia
2531:Palazzo Poli
2397:
2295:S. Pancrazio
2180:S. Eustachio
2160:S. Crisogono
2110:Ss. Apostoli
2023:
2019:Ponte Milvio
2011:
2006:Pons Cestius
2004:
1986:
1909:
1886:
1831:
1817:
1805:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1761:
1760:Palaces and
1723:Ludus Magnus
1721:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1626:
1619:
1601:
1594:
1524:
1450:
1408:Public baths
1396:
1389:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1352:Aqua Claudia
1350:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1304:
1157:Caelimontana
1152:Servian Wall
1142:Terreus Wall
1115:Cavalleggeri
1110:Leonine Wall
1088:San Giovanni
968:
959:
952:
934:
901:
894:
887:
884:H. V. Morton
877:
870:
853:
844:
835:
827:
822:
813:
803:
791:
782:
773:
764:
755:
746:
737:
728:
719:
710:
701:
691:
682:
675:
670:
661:
652:
643:
634:
625:
620:, pg. 73-74.
617:
612:
584:
573:
565:
561:Elms mansion
558:
549:
532:
524:
520:
492:
488:
482:
480:
471:
463:
448:
444:
435:Michelangelo
428:
421:
416:
412:
410:
401:
392:
388:
363:
336:
300:
296:Pope Paul IV
288:Roman Ghetto
284:Isola Mattei
283:
272:Muzio Mattei
269:
265:Muzio Mattei
261:
252:Roman Ghetto
245:
226:
213:Pope Pius IV
210:
191:
175:
135:district of
127:of the late
120:
116:
114:
3245:Seven Hills
2967:Museums and
2773:Conti Tower
2627:Il Facchino
2612:Acqua Paola
2310:S. Prassede
2150:S. Clemente
2080:S. Agostino
1832:sette bassi
1778:Domus Aurea
1664:Curia Julia
1558:Roman Forum
1373:Aqua Tepula
1366:Aqua Marcia
1306:Arcus Novus
1147:Romuli Wall
483:contraposto
133:Sant'Angelo
101: /
3424:Categories
3263:Capitoline
2907:Via Veneto
2817:Appian Way
2717:Tartarughe
2175:S. Eugenio
2115:S. Balbina
1685:Tabularium
1359:Aqua Julia
1324:Aqua Appia
1182:Fontinalis
1098:Settimiana
605:References
243:(1575). +
89:12°28′39″E
86:41°53′38″N
3268:Esquiline
3237:Landscape
2932:Villa Ada
2902:Via Sacra
2647:Navicella
2622:Barcaccia
2595:Fountains
2380:S. Vitale
2375:S. Teresa
2330:S. Sabina
2042:basilicas
1717:Colosseum
1452:Ara Pacis
1444:Religious
1316:Aqueducts
1255:landmarks
1207:Trigemina
1187:Gallienus
1177:Esquilina
1172:Dolabella
1103:Tiburtina
1083:San Paolo
1053:Nomentana
1028:Ardeatina
351:mannerist
211:In 1561,
202:Visigoths
3340:Frascati
3278:Quirinal
3273:Palatine
3253:Aventine
2927:Bioparco
2920:and zoos
2632:Marforio
2300:Pantheon
2220:S. Marco
1880:Commerce
1657:Comitium
1537:Pantheon
1532:Lupercal
1220:obelisks
1218:Ancient
1192:Viminale
1063:Pinciana
1048:Metronia
1043:Maggiore
1033:Asinaria
593:See also
526:and the
499:Ganymede
357:for the
294:. When
241:Pantheon
198:Augustus
125:fountain
56:Location
29:Fountain
3402:Enclave
3283:Viminal
3258:Caelian
2807:streets
2803:Squares
2732:Tritone
2727:Tritons
2657:Nettuno
2652:Neptune
2617:Babuino
2325:S. Saba
1998:Bridges
1167:Collina
1120:Pertusa
1073:Portese
864:Sources
665:Togstad
656:Togstad
495:Jupiter
431:Raphael
347:ephebes
159:History
123:) is a
2667:Pianto
2642:Nasone
1762:villae
1383:Sewers
1197:Naevia
1162:Capena
1068:Popolo
1038:Latina
570:Cinema
538:Copies
517:Legend
433:or to
185:, by
181:, the
46:Design
3207:PietĂ
3037:MAXXI
1903:Tombs
1613:Civic
808:1984.
696:1998.
576:Anzio
507:Giove
370:conch
366:putti
65:Italy
2637:Moro
1551:Fora
580:Jeep
497:and
189:.
137:Rome
115:The
61:Rome
3157:Art
2602:Api
2416:Arx
1058:Pia
457:or
415:or
151:or
3426::
2805:,
886:,
582:.
63:,
2754:)
2750:(
1862:"
1858:"
1001:e
994:t
987:v
119:(
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