771:
524:(2) Where an enactment is expressed to come into force or operation on a particular day (whether such day is before or after the date of the passing of such enactment, or where the enactment is a statutory instrument, of the making thereof, and whether such day is named in the enactment or is to be appointed or fixed or ascertained in any other manner) the enactment shall be construed as coming into force immediately on the expiration of the day before that particular day.
66:
1969:
1983:
129:
25:
425:
Automatically. An Act that does not include explicit commencement dates or provision for commencement orders, or that has dates or provides for commencement orders for only some of its contents, will typically be interpreted as having come into effect at a certain time relative to its enactment. This
287:
of this transition. The point at which such instrument comes into effect may be set out in the instrument itself, or after the lapse of a certain period, or upon the happening of a certain event, such as a proclamation or an objective event, such as the birth, marriage, reaching a particular age or
295:
To come into force, a treaty or Act first needs to receive the required number of votes or ratifications. Although it is common practice to stipulate this number as a requirement in the body of the treaty itself, it can also be set out in a superior law or legal framework, such as a
522:(1) Every enactment which is not expressed to come into force or operation on a particular day shall come into operation immediately on the expiration of the day before the date of the passing thereof, or, where the enactment is a statutory instrument, of the making thereof.
421:
of government, though they may also require legislative approval, or at least that the legislature be informed. As with explicit commencement dates, different parts of an act may be brought into force by different commencement orders at different
449:
It is not necessarily the case that a statute which comes into force remains in force until it is repealed; it may be explicitly brought out of force, and perhaps later brought back into force. For example, in
Ireland, Section V of the
363:, is separate from commencement. Even if a bill passes through all necessary stages to become an Act, it may not automatically come into force. Moreover, an Act may be repealed having never come into force.
366:
A country's law could determine that on being passed by lawmakers a bill becomes an act without further ado. However, more usually, the process whereby a bill becomes an Act is well prescribed in general
570:
This replaces the temporary provision made by the
Scotland Act 1998 (Transitory and Transitional Provisions) (Publication and Interpretation etc. of Acts of the Scottish Parliament) Order 1999.
410:
By means of an explicit commencement date (and sometimes time of day) written into the act itself. It is possible for different sections of an act to come into force at different dates or times.
438:
stipulated that future laws without explicit commencement provisions would come into effect on the day on which they received royal assent. A similar example is provided by
417:. Usually, an Act or part of an Act may only be brought into force by a commencement order if explicit provision is made. Commencement orders are typically issued by the
563:(1) Subsection (2) applies where an Act of the Scottish Parliament or a Scottish instrument provides for the Act or instrument to come into force on a particular day.
537:
528:
In an enactment the expression "commencement", when used with reference to any statutory provision, means the time at which that provision comes into operation.
414:
406:. But these steps do not, in themselves, make an act legally binding on the population. An act is typically brought into force in one of three ways:
76:
390:. In some systems, the head of state or some other official is required to definitely signify his approval, as for example in the granting of
737:
515:
495:
435:
1950:
462:
proclamation: it was brought into force on 24 August 1939, out of force on 2 October 1962, and back into force on 26 May 1972.
333:
may have to follow the official legal procedures of the organisation, such as the United
Nations, that sponsored it, including
193:
426:
time is usually specified by an interpretive statute, or, in the absence of such a statute, a legal rule. For example, in the
674:
165:
555:(2) The Act comes into force at the beginning of the day after the day on which the Bill for the Act receives Royal Assent.
442:, where an Act without commencement provisions comes into force on the day after the day on which it received royal assent.
451:
172:
1376:
934:
833:
553:(1) Subsection (2) applies where no provision is made for the coming into force of an Act of the Scottish Parliament.
230:
212:
146:
110:
52:
38:
485:(b) where no provision is made for its coming into force, at the beginning of the day on which the Act receives the
1490:
1359:
639:
179:
1945:
1292:
1193:
1452:
1086:
626:
618:
541:
150:
505:"Commencement", in relation to an Act or enactment, means the time when the Act or enactment comes into force.
382:
Typically, the process by which a bill becomes an Act includes signature or some other token of assent by the
805:
753:
430:, until late in the 18th century a legal rule interpreted statutes as coming into effect at the start of the
161:
1612:
1091:
1607:
482:(a) where provision is made for it to come into force on a particular day, at the beginning of that day;
2023:
1582:
1081:
372:
1665:
1460:
1442:
589:
92:
1794:
292:. On rare occasions, the effective date of a law may be backdated to a date before the enactment.
1835:
1622:
1111:
1096:
693:
471:
139:
1890:
1875:
455:
186:
1994:
1587:
1265:
1076:
459:
445:
It is possible for an Act to come into effect through any combination of these three methods.
88:
44:
1715:
1061:
621:
never came into force; it received royal assent on 18 September 1914, was suspended by the
84:
8:
1870:
1010:
927:
709:
622:
431:
395:
356:
775:
741:
723:
689:
1685:
1344:
1198:
1183:
1161:
905:
885:
838:
828:
697:
1670:
1592:
1430:
1173:
1168:
1121:
1046:
1040:
880:
798:
670:
360:
350:
1675:
1642:
1141:
1005:
1000:
965:
418:
376:
276:
1924:
1897:
1885:
1865:
1799:
1777:
1757:
1752:
1732:
1597:
1577:
1572:
1475:
1435:
1146:
1071:
995:
980:
900:
579:
559:
3 Commencement of Acts of the
Scottish Parliament and Scottish instruments: time
2001:
1809:
1727:
1316:
1282:
1233:
1218:
990:
895:
875:
865:
584:
427:
312:
301:
289:
2017:
1855:
1814:
1700:
1680:
1652:
1602:
1567:
1541:
1536:
1529:
1480:
1420:
1260:
1250:
1208:
1131:
1126:
1056:
1015:
939:
599:
403:
383:
284:
260:
1987:
1737:
1705:
1660:
1398:
1393:
1364:
1277:
1255:
1223:
1156:
1136:
1030:
970:
960:
912:
870:
848:
791:
486:
391:
368:
338:
297:
1909:
1850:
1840:
1637:
1632:
1470:
1371:
1287:
1246:
1213:
1178:
1101:
1025:
975:
890:
594:
439:
305:
280:
264:
770:
565:(2) The Act or instrument comes into force at the beginning of the day.
1973:
1902:
1782:
1720:
1465:
1386:
1381:
1339:
1321:
1309:
1270:
1116:
1106:
1066:
1051:
1035:
985:
922:
917:
268:
1880:
1845:
1787:
1762:
1627:
1524:
1512:
1497:
1485:
1413:
1331:
1304:
1188:
334:
330:
1968:
667:
The history and development of the
Special Criminal Court, 1922–2005
128:
1929:
1914:
1617:
1502:
1299:
843:
1819:
1767:
1747:
1695:
1507:
1425:
1241:
1203:
1151:
387:
1919:
1772:
1517:
1408:
1403:
1349:
1020:
399:
324:
272:
1860:
1804:
1710:
1551:
1354:
853:
1742:
1690:
1546:
944:
860:
754:"Interpretation and Legislative Reform (Scotland) Act 2010"
501:
Schedule 1 of that Act contains the following definition:
814:
538:
Interpretation and
Legislative Reform (Scotland) Act 2010
311:"Coming into force" generally includes publication in an
244:
398:. In others, a bill automatically becomes an Act unless
375:. This process varies from country to country, and from
783:
153:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
550:2 Commencement of Acts of the Scottish Parliament
494:This replaces the corresponding provision in the
2015:
478:An Act or provision of an Act comes into force—
329:After their adoption, treaties as well as their
283:and effect. The term is closely related to the
315:so that people know the law or treaty exists.
799:
544:and Scottish Statutory Instruments, provide-
73:The examples and perspective in this article
724:"Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954"
646:. Attorney General of Ireland. 14 June 1939
640:"Offences Against the State Act, 1939 s.35"
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
806:
792:
738:Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954
516:Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954
496:Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793
436:Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
213:Learn how and when to remove this message
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1951:History of the American legal profession
665:Davis, Fergal Francis (February 2007).
2016:
787:
664:
355:The process of enactment, by which a
151:adding citations to reliable sources
122:
59:
18:
509:
452:Offences against the State Act 1939
13:
14:
2035:
935:Restitution and unjust enrichment
763:
465:
34:This article has multiple issues.
1982:
1981:
1967:
769:
127:
64:
23:
1946:History of the legal profession
542:Acts of the Scottish Parliament
434:in which they were passed, but
386:and publication in an official
138:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
746:
730:
716:
702:
683:
658:
632:
627:Government of Ireland Act 1920
619:Government of Ireland Act 1914
611:
514:Sections 14(1) and (2) of the
458:) goes in and out of force by
1:
774:The dictionary definition of
644:electronic Irish Statute Book
605:
7:
573:
531:
318:
87:, discuss the issue on the
10:
2040:
1613:International legal theory
1092:International slavery laws
1087:International human rights
1082:International criminal law
373:administrative legislation
348:
322:
1961:
1938:
1828:
1666:Administration of justice
1651:
1560:
1451:
1330:
1232:
953:
821:
710:"Interpretation Act 1978"
1443:Basic structure doctrine
1293:Natural and legal rights
1174:Public international law
590:List of enacting clauses
536:Sections 2 and 3 of the
454:(which provides for the
402:, as for example in the
341:, and entry into force.
308:in which it originated.
1623:Principle of typicality
1097:International trade law
813:
694:Interpretation Act 1978
472:Interpretation Act 1978
344:
625:, and repealed by the
568:
526:
507:
492:
456:Special Criminal Court
1618:Principle of legality
1377:Delegated legislation
1077:Intellectual property
546:
520:
503:
476:
379:to political system.
1836:Barristers' chambers
1778:Legal representation
1716:Justice of the peace
1062:Financial regulation
147:improve this article
93:create a new article
85:improve this article
75:may not represent a
1871:Election commission
1583:Expressive function
1112:Landlord–tenant law
1011:Consumer protection
623:Suspensory Act 1914
540:, which applies to
432:legislative session
396:Commonwealth realms
288:death of a certain
1829:Legal institutions
1696:Lawsuit/Litigation
1686:Dispute resolution
1491:Catholic canon law
1199:State of emergency
1162:Will and testament
886:Law of obligations
839:Constitutional law
829:Administrative law
698:Legislation.gov.uk
415:commencement order
162:"Entry into force"
2024:Legal terminology
2011:
2010:
1671:Constitutionalism
1593:Law and economics
1431:Act of parliament
1169:Product liability
1122:Legal archaeology
1047:Environmental law
1041:Entertainment law
881:International law
690:Copy of section 4
676:978-1-84682-013-7
617:For example, the
470:Section 4 of the
413:As a result of a
351:Act of Parliament
277:legal instruments
249:coming into force
241:
240:
233:
223:
222:
215:
197:
121:
120:
113:
95:, as appropriate.
57:
16:Legal terminology
2031:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1972:
1971:
1795:Question of fact
1676:Criminal justice
1006:Construction law
1001:Conflict of laws
966:Agricultural law
808:
801:
794:
785:
784:
773:
758:
757:
750:
744:
734:
728:
727:
720:
714:
713:
706:
700:
687:
681:
680:
662:
656:
655:
653:
651:
636:
630:
615:
510:Northern Ireland
419:executive branch
377:political system
313:official gazette
253:entry into force
236:
229:
218:
211:
207:
204:
198:
196:
155:
131:
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2007:
1980:
1966:
1957:
1934:
1925:Political party
1898:Legal education
1886:Law enforcement
1866:Court of equity
1824:
1800:Question of law
1753:Practice of law
1733:Judicial review
1647:
1598:Legal formalism
1578:Comparative law
1573:Contract theory
1556:
1476:Legal pluralism
1447:
1436:Act of Congress
1360:Executive order
1326:
1228:
1147:Nationality law
1072:Immigration law
996:Competition law
949:
817:
812:
766:
761:
752:
751:
747:
735:
731:
722:
721:
717:
708:
707:
703:
688:
684:
677:
669:. Four Courts.
663:
659:
649:
647:
638:
637:
633:
616:
612:
608:
580:Act of Congress
576:
567:
564:
562:
561:
557:
556:
554:
552:
534:
523:
512:
468:
353:
347:
327:
321:
302:standing orders
237:
226:
225:
224:
219:
208:
202:
199:
156:
154:
144:
132:
117:
106:
100:
97:
82:
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2037:
2027:
2026:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1977:
1974:Law portal
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1810:Trial advocacy
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1340:Ballot measure
1336:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1317:Legal treatise
1314:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1285:
1283:Letters patent
1280:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1234:Sources of law
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1219:Unenforced law
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
991:Commercial law
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
957:
955:
951:
950:
948:
947:
942:
937:
932:
931:
930:
920:
915:
910:
909:
908:
903:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
857:
856:
846:
841:
836:
831:
825:
823:
819:
818:
811:
810:
803:
796:
788:
782:
781:
765:
764:External links
762:
760:
759:
745:
729:
715:
701:
682:
675:
657:
631:
609:
607:
604:
603:
602:
597:
592:
587:
585:Effective date
582:
575:
572:
547:
533:
530:
511:
508:
491:
490:
483:
467:
466:United Kingdom
464:
447:
446:
443:
428:United Kingdom
423:
411:
369:constitutional
349:Main article:
346:
343:
323:Main article:
320:
317:
239:
238:
221:
220:
135:
133:
126:
119:
118:
79:of the subject
77:worldwide view
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2036:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1856:Civil society
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:Trier of fact
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Legal opinion
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:Court-martial
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1653:Jurisprudence
1650:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:Statutory law
1540:
1538:
1537:Socialist law
1535:
1531:
1530:Byzantine law
1528:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:Religious law
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1453:Legal systems
1450:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1421:Statutory law
1419:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1251:Statutory law
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Transport law
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1127:Legal fiction
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1057:Financial law
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1016:Corporate law
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
956:
952:
946:
943:
941:
940:Statutory law
938:
936:
933:
929:
926:
925:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
855:
852:
851:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
824:
822:Core subjects
820:
816:
809:
804:
802:
797:
795:
790:
789:
786:
780:at Wiktionary
779:
778:
772:
768:
767:
755:
749:
743:
742:section 46(1)
739:
733:
725:
719:
711:
705:
699:
695:
691:
686:
678:
672:
668:
661:
645:
641:
635:
628:
624:
620:
614:
610:
601:
600:Vacatio legis
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
571:
566:
560:
551:
545:
543:
539:
529:
525:
519:
517:
506:
502:
499:
497:
488:
484:
481:
480:
479:
475:
473:
463:
461:
457:
453:
444:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
420:
416:
412:
409:
408:
407:
405:
404:United States
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:head of state
380:
378:
374:
370:
364:
362:
358:
352:
342:
340:
336:
332:
326:
316:
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
293:
291:
286:
282:
279:come to have
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
255:(also called
254:
250:
246:
235:
232:
217:
214:
206:
203:November 2011
195:
192:
188:
185:
181:
178:
174:
171:
167:
164: –
163:
159:
158:Find sources:
152:
148:
142:
141:
136:This article
134:
130:
125:
124:
115:
112:
104:
101:December 2010
94:
90:
86:
80:
78:
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2000:
1993:
1979:
1965:
1738:Jurisdiction
1706:Legal remedy
1661:Adjudication
1561:Legal theory
1399:Ratification
1394:Promulgation
1365:Proclamation
1345:Codification
1278:Human rights
1266:Divine right
1256:Constitution
1224:Women in law
1142:Military law
1137:Marriage law
1132:Maritime law
1031:Election law
971:Aviation law
961:Abortion law
913:Property law
849:Criminal law
776:
748:
732:
718:
704:
685:
666:
660:
648:. Retrieved
643:
634:
613:
569:
558:
549:
548:
535:
527:
521:
513:
504:
500:
493:
487:Royal Assent
477:
469:
448:
392:royal assent
381:
365:
354:
339:ratification
328:
310:
298:constitution
294:
257:commencement
256:
252:
248:
242:
227:
209:
200:
190:
183:
176:
169:
157:
145:Please help
140:verification
137:
107:
98:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1910:Legislature
1841:Bureaucracy
1638:Rule of man
1633:Rule of law
1608:Libertarian
1471:Chinese law
1372:Legislation
1322:Regulations
1310:Law reports
1288:Natural law
1184:Reparations
1179:Refugee law
1102:Jurimetrics
1043:(Media law)
981:Banking law
976:Amnesty law
954:Disciplines
891:Private law
777:enforcement
595:Rule of law
440:New Zealand
359:becomes an
306:legislature
281:legal force
269:regulations
265:legislation
1903:Law school
1783:Prosecutor
1721:Magistrate
1508:Jewish law
1466:Common law
1387:Rulemaking
1382:Regulation
1332:Law making
1271:Divine law
1247:Legal code
1194:Sports law
1117:Law of war
1067:Health law
1052:Family law
1036:Energy law
986:Bankruptcy
923:Punishment
918:Public law
606:References
474:provides:
460:government
331:amendments
275:and other
173:newspapers
39:improve it
1881:Judiciary
1876:Executive
1851:The bench
1788:Solicitor
1763:Barrister
1643:Sociology
1628:Pseudolaw
1568:Anarchist
1525:Roman law
1513:Parsi law
1498:Hindu law
1486:Canon law
1461:Civil law
1414:Concordat
1305:Precedent
1214:Trust law
1189:Space law
1026:Drugs law
896:Procedure
834:Civil law
335:signature
263:by which
259:) is the
89:talk page
45:talk page
2018:Category
1988:Category
1930:Tribunal
1915:Military
1758:Attorney
1728:Judgment
1588:Feminist
1503:Jain law
1300:Case law
1021:Cyberlaw
928:Corporal
906:Criminal
876:Evidence
866:Doctrine
844:Contract
650:11 March
574:See also
532:Scotland
319:Treaties
273:treaties
83:You may
2002:Outline
1939:History
1846:The bar
1820:Verdict
1768:Counsel
1748:Justice
1603:History
1426:Statute
1242:Charter
1204:Tax law
1152:Probate
692:of the
394:in the
388:gazette
304:of the
300:or the
261:process
187:scholar
1920:Police
1891:Agency
1773:Lawyer
1518:Sharia
1409:Treaty
1404:Repeal
1350:Decree
1261:Custom
1157:Estate
1107:Labour
871:Equity
673:
518:read:
422:times.
400:vetoed
325:Treaty
290:person
189:
182:
175:
168:
160:
1995:Index
1861:Court
1805:Trial
1711:Judge
1552:Yassa
1355:Edict
901:Civil
854:Crime
696:from
194:JSTOR
180:books
91:, or
1743:Jury
1691:Fiqh
1547:Xeer
945:Tort
861:Deed
736:The
671:ISBN
652:2019
357:bill
345:Acts
285:date
166:news
815:Law
371:or
361:Act
251:or
245:law
243:In
149:by
2020::
1249:/
740:,
642:.
498:.
337:,
271:,
267:,
247:,
48:.
807:e
800:t
793:v
756:.
726:.
712:.
679:.
654:.
629:.
489:.
234:)
228:(
216:)
210:(
205:)
201:(
191:·
184:·
177:·
170:·
143:.
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
81:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
