European badger - Knowledge

1349:. Guard hair length on the middle of the back is 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in) in winter. Prior to the winter, the throat, lower neck, chest and legs are black. The belly is of a lighter, brownish tint, while the inguinal region is brownish-grey. The general colour of the back and sides is light silvery-grey, with straw-coloured highlights on the sides. The tail has long and coarse hairs, and is generally the same colour as the back. Two black bands pass along the head, starting from the upper lip and passing upwards to the whole base of the ears. The bands sometimes extend along the neck and merge with the colour of the upper body. The front parts of the bands are 15 mm (0.59 in), and widen to 45–55 mm (1.8–2.2 in) in the ear region. A wide, white band extends from the nose tip through the forehead and crown. White markings occur on the lower part of the head, and extend backwards to a great part of the neck's length. The summer fur is much coarser, shorter and sparser, and is deeper in colour, with the black tones becoming brownish, sometimes with yellowish tinges. Partial 1145: 1535:

accommodate multiple families. When this happens, each family occupies its own passages and nesting chambers. Some setts may have exits which are only used in times of danger or play. A typical passage has a 22–63 cm (8.7–24.8 in) wide base and a 14–32 cm (5.5–12.6 in) height. Three sleeping chambers occur in a family unit, some of which are open at both ends. The nesting chamber is located 5–10 m (16–33 ft) from the opening, and is situated more than a 1 m (3 ft 3 in) underground, in some cases 2.3 m (7 ft 7 in). Generally, the passages are 35–81 m (115–266 ft) long. The nesting chamber is on average 74 cm × 76 cm (29 in × 30 in), and are 38 cm (15 in) high.

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rabbits as a principal food source. Adult rabbits are usually avoided, unless they are wounded or caught in traps. They consume them by turning them inside out and eating the meat, leaving the inverted skin uneaten. Hedgehogs are eaten in a similar manner. In areas where badgers are common, hedgehogs are scarce. Some rogue badgers may kill lambs, though this is very rare; they may be erroneously implicated in lamb killings through the presence of discarded wool and bones near their setts, though foxes, which occasionally live alongside badgers, are often the culprits, as badgers do not transport food to their setts. They typically kill lambs by biting them behind the shoulder.

2573: 1438: 1262: 1242:, that its size decreases in relatively warmer climates. Sows can attain a top autumn weight of around 17.2 kg (38 lb), while exceptionally large boars have been reported in autumn. The heaviest verified was 27.2 kg (60 lb), though unverified specimens have been reported to 30.8 kg (68 lb) and even 34 kg (75 lb) (if so, the heaviest weight for any terrestrial mustelid). If average weights are used, the European badger ranks as the second largest terrestrial mustelid, behind only the wolverine. Although their sense of 116: 2581: 2165:. They also suffer from mange. They spend much time grooming, individuals concentrating on their own ventral areas, alternating one side with the other, while social grooming occurs with one individual grooming another on its dorsal surface. Fleas tried to avoid the scratching, retreating rapidly downwards and backwards through the fur. This was in contrast to fleas away from their host, which ran upwards and jumped when disturbed. The grooming seems to disadvantage fleas rather than merely having a social function. 2457: 172: 2512:. Moreover, the cruelty towards and killing of the badger constitute offences under the Protection of Badgers Act 1992, and further offences under this act are inevitably committed to facilitate badger-baiting (such as interfering with a sett, or the taking or the very possession of a badger for purposes other than nursing an injured animal to health). If convicted, badger-baiters may face a sentence of up to six months in jail, a fine of up to £5,000, and other punitive measures, such as 2207: 1913: 1156: 2190: 2181:. This is because it is a relatively common species with a wide range and populations are generally stable. In Central Europe it has become more abundant in recent decades due to a reduction in the incidence of rabies. In other areas it has also fared well, with increases in numbers in Western Europe and the United Kingdom. However, in some areas of intensive agriculture it has reduced in numbers due to loss of habitat and in others it is hunted as a pest. 1110: 147: 2270:, Mr. Badger is depicted as a gruff, solitary figure who "simply hates society", yet is a good friend to Mole and Ratty. As a friend of Toad's now-deceased father, he is often firm and serious with Toad, but at the same time generally patient and well-meaning towards him. He can be seen as a wise hermit, a good leader and gentleman, embodying common sense. He is also brave and a skilled fighter, and helps rid Toad Hall of invaders from the wild wood. 2319:. He is shown kidnapping the children of Benjamin Bunny and his wife Flopsy, and hiding them in an oven at the home of Mr. Tod the fox, whom he fights at the end of the book. The portrayal of the badger as a filthy animal which appropriates fox dens was criticized from a naturalistic viewpoint, though the inconsistencies are few and employed to create individual characters rather than evoke an archetypical fox and badger. A wise old badger named 1164: 1333: 908: 2414: 1595: 1879: 1430: 1871:. Badgers characteristically capture large numbers of one food type in each hunt. Generally, they do not eat more than 0.5 kg (1.1 lb) of food per day, with young specimens yet to attain one year of age eating more than adults. An adult badger weighing 15 kg (33 lb) eats a quantity of food equal to 3.4% of its body weight. Badgers typically eat prey on the spot, and rarely transport it to their setts. 1527: 298: 1519: 2564:

though is not endangered. It was claimed by shadow ministers that "The government's own figures show it will cost more than it saves...", and Lord Krebs, who led the Randomised Badger Culling Trial in the 1990s, said the two pilots "will not yield any useful information". A scientific study of culling from 2013 to 2017 has shown a reduction of 36–55% incidence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle.

2040:). It was detected in the United Kingdom in 1971 where it was linked to an outbreak of bovine TB in cows. The evidence appears to indicate that the badger is the primary reservoir of infection for cattle in the southwest of England, Wales and Ireland. Since then there has been considerable controversy as to whether culling badgers will effectively reduce or eliminate bovine TB in cattle. 1675:

snow has fallen. In Russia and the Nordic countries, European badgers retire for winter sleep from late October to mid-November and emerge from their setts in March and early April. In areas such as England and Transcaucasia, where winters are less harsh, badgers either forgo winter sleep entirely or spend long periods underground, emerging in mild spells.

2601: 1446: 475:, which can spread between species and can be particularly detrimental to cattle. In England, badger populations are culled to try to reduce the incidence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle, although the efficacy of this practice is strongly disputed, and badger culls are widely considered cruel and inhumane. 2629:

The flesh, blood and grease of the badger are very useful for oils, ointments, salves and powders, for shortness of breath, the cough of the lungs, for the stone, sprained sinews, collachs etc. The skin being well dressed is very warm and comfortable for ancient people who are troubled with paralytic

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in their second year, though some exceptionally begin at nine months. They can mate at any time of the year, though the main peak occurs in February–May, when mature sows are in postpartal estrus and young animals experience their first estrus. Matings occurring outside this period typically occur in

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There are several accounts of European badgers being tamed. Tame badgers can be affectionate pets, and can be trained to come to their owners when their names are called. They are easily fed, as they are not fussy eaters, and will instinctively unearth rats, moles and young rabbits without training,

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by marksmen with high-velocity rifles using a mixture of controlled shooting and free shooting (some badgers were trapped in cages first). The cull caused many protests with emotional, economic and scientific reasons being cited. The badger is considered an iconic species of the British countryside,

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European badgers are of little significance to hunting economies, though they may be actively hunted locally. Methods used for hunting badgers include catching them in jaw traps, ambushing them at their setts with guns, smoking them out of their earths and through the use of specially bred dogs such

1980:) are known predators of European badgers and attacks by them on badger cubs are not infrequent, including cases where they have been pulled out directly from below the legs of their mothers, and even adult badgers may be attacked by this eagle species when emerging weak and hungry from hibernation. 1895:

are also taken only rarely. Some badgers may build their setts in close proximity to poultry or game farms without ever causing damage. In the rare instances in which badgers do kill reared birds, the killings usually occur in February–March, when food is scarce due to harsh weather and increases in

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at twelve weeks, though they may still suckle until they are four to five months old. Subordinate females assist the mother in guarding, feeding and grooming the cubs. Cubs fully develop their adult coats at six to nine weeks. In areas with medium to high badger populations, dispersal from the natal

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and well-worn paths. It is mainly males that are involved in territorial aggression. A hierarchical social system is thought to exist among badgers and large powerful boars seem to assert dominance over smaller males. Large boars sometimes intrude into neighbouring territories during the main mating

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which can reach 15 mm tall in old males, and are more strongly developed than those of honey badgers. Aside from anchoring the jaw muscles, the thickness of the crests protect their skulls from hard blows. Similar to martens, the dentition of European badgers is well-suited for their omnivorous

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or semidigitigrade and short, with five toes on each foot. The limbs are short and massive, with naked lower surfaces on the feet. The claws are strong, elongated and have an obtuse end, which assists in digging. The claws are not retractable, and the hind claws wear with age. Old badgers sometimes

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and others to show that culling was ineffective. Some groups called for a selective cull, while others favoured a programme of vaccination, and vets support the cull on compassionate grounds as they say that the illness causes much suffering in badgers. In 2012, the government authorized a limited

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may extensively use badger setts for shelter. There are many known cases of badgers and raccoon dogs wintering in the same hole, possibly because badgers enter hibernation two weeks earlier than the latter, and leave two weeks later. In exceptional cases, badger and raccoon dog cubs may coexist in

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Badgers prey on rabbits throughout the year, especially during times when their young are available. They catch young rabbits by locating their position in their nest by scent, then dig vertically downwards to them. In mountainous or hilly districts, where vegetable food is scarce, badgers rely on

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during late summer by accumulating fat reserves, which reach a peak in October. During this period, the sett is cleaned and the nesting chamber is filled with bedding. Upon retiring to sleep, badgers block their sett entrances with dry leaves and earth. They typically stop leaving their setts once

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The European badger is native to most of Europe. Its range includes Albania, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Crete, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

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Adults measure 25–30 cm (9.8–11.8 in) in shoulder height, 60–90 cm (24–35 in) in body length, 12–24 cm (4.7–9.4 in) in tail length, 7.5–13 cm (3.0–5.1 in) in hind foot length and 3.5–7 cm (1.4–2.8 in) in ear height. Males (or boars) slightly exceed

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A large subspecies with a strongly developed sagittal crest, it has a soft pelage and relatively dense underfur. The back has a relatively pure silvery-grey tone, while the main tone of the head is pure white. The dark stripes are wide and black, while the white fields fully extend along the upper

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females (or sows) in measurements, but can weigh considerably more. Their weights vary seasonally, growing from spring to autumn and reaching a peak just before the winter. During the summer, European badgers commonly weigh 7–13 kg (15–29 lb) and 15–17 kg (33–37 lb) in autumn.

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in habits. Aggression among badgers is largely associated with territorial defence and mating. When fighting, they bite each other on the neck and rump, while running and chasing each other and injuries incurred in such fights can be severe and sometimes fatal. When attacked by dogs or sexually

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Until the mid-18th century, European badgers were variously known in English as brock, pate, grey, and bawson. The name "bawson" is derived from "bawsened", which refers to something striped with white. "Pate" is a local name that was once popular in northern England. The name "badget" was once

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in its territorial range. These burrows have multiple chambers and entrances, and are extensive systems of underground passages of 35–81 m (115–266 ft) length. They house several badger families that use these setts for decades. Badgers are fussy over the cleanliness of their burrow,

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The average litter consists of one to five cubs. Although many cubs are sired by resident males, up to 54% can be fathered by boars from different colonies. Dominant sows may kill the cubs of subordinates. Cubs are born pink, with greyish, silvery fur and fused eyelids. Neonatal badgers are

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Sparring and more vicious fights generally result from territorial defense in the breeding season. However, in general, animals within and outside a group show considerable tolerance of each other. Boars tend to mark their territories more actively than sows, with their territorial activity

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Like other badger species, European badgers are burrowing animals. However, the dens they construct (called setts) are the most complex, and are passed on from generation to generation. The number of exits in one sett can vary from a few to fifty. These setts can be vast, and can sometimes

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12 cm (4.7 in) in body length on average and weigh 75 to 132 g (2.6 to 4.7 oz), with cubs from large litters being smaller. By three to five days, their claws become pigmented, and individual dark hairs begin to appear. Their eyes open at four to five weeks and their

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The European badger is a powerfully built, black, white, brown, and grey animal with a small head, a stocky body, small black eyes, and a short tail. Its weight varies, being 7–13 kg (15–29 lb) in spring, but building up to 15–17 kg (33–37 lb) in autumn before the

1491: 1972:; foxes provide badgers with food scraps, while badgers maintain the shared burrow's cleanliness. However, cases are known of badgers driving vixens from their dens and destroying their litters without eating them. In turn, red foxes are known to have killed badger cubs in spring. 1492: 1559:. Up to 30 bundles can be carried to the sett on a single night. European badgers are fastidiously clean animals which regularly clear out and discard old bedding. During the winter, they may take their bedding outside on sunny mornings and retrieve it later in the day. 1598: 1538:

Badgers dig and collect bedding throughout the year, particularly in autumn and spring. Sett maintenance is usually carried out by subordinate sows and dominant boars. The chambers are frequently lined with bedding, brought in on dry nights, which consists of

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European badgers have an extensive vocal repertoire. When threatened, they emit deep growls and, when fighting, make low kekkering noises. They bark when surprised, whicker when playing or in distress, and emit a piercing scream when alarmed or frightened.

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will seal off the chamber and dig a new one. Some badgers will drag their dead out of the sett and bury them outside. A sett is almost invariably located near a tree, which is used by badgers for stretching or claw scraping. Badgers defecate in

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European badgers are the most social of badgers, forming groups of six adults on average, though larger associations of up to 23 individuals have been recorded. Group size may be related to habitat composition. Under optimal conditions, badger

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is a major mortality factor in badgers, though infected badgers can live and successfully breed for years before succumbing. The disease was first observed in badgers in 1951 in Switzerland where they were believed to have contracted it from

1633:; boars typically mate with one female for life, whereas sows have been known to mate with more than one male. Mating lasts for fifteen to sixty minutes, though the pair may briefly copulate for a minute or two when the sow is not in estrus. 1451: 1450: 1447: 1452: 451:. Litters of up to five cubs are produced in spring. The young are weaned a few months later, but usually remain within the family group. The European badger has been known to share its burrow with other species, such as 2477:

to dig them out. Badgers are, however, notoriously durable animals; their skins are thick, loose and covered in long hair which acts as protection, and their heavily ossified skulls allow them to shrug off most

1956:) can pose a threat to adult badgers, though deaths caused by them are quantitatively rare as these predators are often limited in population due to human persecution and usually prefer easier, larger prey like 1298:

are flattened and adapted for grinding. Their jaws are powerful enough to crush most bones; a provoked badger was once reported as biting down on a man's wrist so severely that his hand had to be amputated. The

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have their hind claws almost completely worn away from constant use. Their snouts, which are used for digging and probing, are muscular and flexible. The eyes are small and the ears short and tipped with white.

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In winter, the fur on the back and flanks is long and coarse, consisting of bristly guard hairs with a sparse, soft undercoat. The belly fur consists of short, sparse hairs, with skin being visible in the

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Delahay, R. J.; Carter, S. P.; Forrester, G. J.; Mitchell, A.; Cheeseman, C. L. (2006). "Habitat correlates of group size, bodyweight and reproductive performance in a high-density Eurasian badger (

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Boars typically have broader heads, thicker necks and narrower tails than sows, which are sleeker, have narrower, less domed heads and fluffier tails. The guts of badgers are longer than those of

505:('digger') has also been suggested as a source. A male badger is a boar, a female is a sow, and a young badger is a cub. A badger's home is called a sett. Badger colonies are often called clans. 1597: 2592:

though they do have a weakness for pork. Although there is one record of a tame badger befriending a fox, they generally do not tolerate the presence of cats and dogs, and will chase them.

2555:(Defra), however, this was later deferred with a wide range of reasons given. In August 2013, a full culling programme began where about 5,000 badgers were killed over six weeks in West 1924:

European badgers have few natural enemies. While normally docile, badgers can become extremely aggressive and ferocious when cornered, making it dangerous for predators to target them.

1416:. It has adapted to life in suburban areas and urban parks, although not to the extent of red foxes. In mountainous areas it occurs up to an altitude of 2,000 m (6,600 ft). 1409:

in Central Europe. In the UK, badgers experienced a 77% increase in numbers during the 1980s and 1990s. The badger population in Great Britain in 2012 is estimated to be 300,000.

1586:. The badgers may provide protection for the rabbits against other predators. The rabbits usually avoid predation by the badgers by inhabiting smaller, hard to reach chambers. 3529:

Revilla, E.; Palomares, F.; Delibes, M. (2001). "Edge-core effects and the effectiveness of traditional reserves in conservation: Eurasian badgers in Doñana National Park".

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can be as small as 30 ha (74 acres), but may be as large as 150 ha (370 acres) in marginal areas. Badger territories can be identified by the presence of communal

5147:. Vol. II, Part 1b, Carnivores (Mustelidae and Procyonidae). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation. pp. 1232–1282. 1374:

Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine.

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badgers are more common than the former, being characterized by having a sandy-red colour on the usually black parts of the body. Yellow badgers are also known.

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series also has the Badger Lords, who rule the extinct volcano fortress of Salamandastron and are renowned as fierce warriors. The children's television series

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Originally a Dutch site, but you can change language at the top of the page. Sightings, pictures and distribution maps of European badgers in the Netherlands.

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Polly, P. D. & MacLeod, N. (2008). "Locomotion in fossil Carnivora: an application of eigensurface analysis for morphometric comparison of 3D surfaces".

379:, as it has a wide range and a large, stable population size which is thought to be increasing in some regions. Several subspecies are recognized, with the 11434: 2393: 2128: 1324:. The subcaudal gland secretes a musky-smelling, cream-coloured fatty substance, while the anal glands secrete a stronger-smelling, yellowish-brown fluid. 4752: 1645:

lasting seven weeks. Cubs are usually born in mid-January to mid-March within underground chambers containing bedding. In areas where the countryside is

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A large subspecies, it exhibits several traits of the Asian badger, namely its very pale, dull, dirty-greyish-ocherous colour and narrow head stripes.

3688: 2161: 1405:, with 30,000 individuals having been recorded there in 1990. They are abundant and increasing throughout their range, partly due to a reduction in 2397:

in which local farmer David Štrbac attempts to sue a badger for eating his crops. It is actually highly critical towards Austro-Hungarian rule in

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Caroli Linnæi Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis

3051: 1649:, cubs may be born above ground in buildings. Typically, only dominant sows can breed, as they suppress the reproduction of subordinate females. 1578:

In extreme cases, when there is a lack of suitable burrowing grounds, badgers may move into haystacks in winter. They may share their setts with

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are not uncommon. Albino badgers can be pure white or yellowish with pink eyes, while leucistic ones are the same but with normal eyes instead.

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European badgers are powerfully built animals with small heads, thick, short necks, stocky, wedge-shaped bodies and short tails. Their feet are

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Gallagher, J. & Clifton-Hadley, R. S. (2005). "Tuberculosis in badgers; a review of the disease and its significance for other animals".

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Schmid, T. K.; Roper, T. J.; Christian, S. E.; Ostler, J.; Conradt, L. & Butler, J. (1993). "Territorial marking with faeces in badgers (

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Raichev, E. (2010). "Adaptability to locomotion in snow conditions of fox, gackal, wild cat, badger in the region of Sredna Gora, Bulgaria".

11384: 5405: 5237: 2782:"Assessing effects from four years of industry-led badger culling in England on the incidence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle, 2013–2017" 4674: 2968: 1616:

in boars is usually attained at the age of twelve to fifteen months but this can range from nine months to two years. Males are normally

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Badger skin – the contrasting markings of the fur serve to warn off attackers rather than camouflage, as they are conspicuous at night.

4803: 3719:"The taxonomic status of badgers (Mammalia, Mustelidae) from Southwest Asia based on cranial morphometrics, with the redescription of 2306:

as part of his education. He meets with an older badger who tells him "I can only teach you two things – to dig, and love your home."

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group is uncommon, though badgers may temporarily visit other colonies. Badgers can live for up to about fifteen years in the wild.

818:. A comparison between fossil and living specimens shows a marked progressive adaptation to omnivory, namely in the increase in the 11317: 11081: 1575:, which are located near the sett and at strategic locations on territorial boundaries or near places with abundant food supplies. 1412:

The European badger is found in deciduous and mixed woodlands, clearings, spinneys, pastureland and scrub, including Mediterranean

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Downs SH, Prosser A, Ashton A, Ashfield S, Brunton LA, Brouwer A, Upton P, Robertson A, Donnelly CA, Parry JE (October 2019).

387:) predominating in most of Europe. In Europe, where no other badger species commonly occurs, it is generally just called the " 11335: 11164: 5095: 5000: 3249: 3152: 2253:, who loves more than anything his home, family and comfort, though he can become aggressive if surprised. He is a cousin of 1226:

was 10.2 kg (22 lb) in spring but up to 19 kg (42 lb) in autumn, 46% higher than the spring low mass. In

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and lateral parts of the neck. It can weigh up to 20–24 kg in autumn, with some specimens attaining even larger sizes.

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is connected with the birth of cubs, and may occur several times during the summer to prevent parasite levels building up.

3220:. Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid. Vol. 17. Madrid. pp. 170–173. 11414: 5445: 5302: 1960:, while badgers may fight viciously if aware of a predator and cornered without an escape route. They may live alongside 1641:, though matings in December can result in immediate implantation. Ordinarily, implantation happens in December, with a 11389: 11304: 4539: 4485: 5418: 1238:, average weight of adult badgers is reported as 6 to 7.95 kg (13.2 to 17.5 lb), perhaps in accordance with 6815: 5332: 5212: 5193: 5171: 5152: 5125: 4659: 4614: 4589: 4564: 4518: 4464: 4331: 2956: 2925: 2619:

Some badger products have been used for medical purposes; badger expert Ernest Neal, quoting from an 1810 edition of

2504:, in which badgers were captured alive, placed in boxes, and attacked with dogs. In the UK, this was outlawed by the 11060: 5282: 3130: 1687:; they are highly adaptable and opportunistic omnivores, whose diet encompasses a wide range of animals and plants. 495:, a reference to the white mark on its forehead that resembles a badge, and may date to the early 16th century. The 11343: 11250: 11190: 11073: 7159: 4909: 287: 1612:

in European badgers lasts four to six days and may occur throughout the year, though there is a peak in spring.

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as has been shown by their lack of reaction to red lanterns. Only moving objects attract their attention. Their

1234:, adults in spring weighed on average 7.9 kg (17 lb) and in fall average 9.5 kg (21 lb). In 11404: 2509: 1385:, the European species being situated on the western bank. The boundary between the ranges of the European and 4760: 11361: 11172: 9377: 4421:

Stewart, Paul D.; Macdonald, David W. (2003). "Badgers and Badger Fleas: Strategies and Counter-Strategies".

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Independent Scientific Review of the Randomised Badger Culling Trial and Associated Epidemiological Research

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Edwards, Robin. (1980). Social Wasps: Their Biology and Control. W. Sussex, Great Britain: Rentokil Limited.

3696: 605: 4884: 2546:(bTB). Limited culling resumed in 1998 as part of a 10-year randomized trial cull which was considered by 1273:

are oval in outline, while the facial part of their skulls is elongated and narrow. Adults have prominent

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Badger meat is eaten in some districts of the former Soviet Union, though in most cases it is discarded.

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nests, since their thick skin and body hair protect the badgers from stings. Cereal food includes wheat,

4859: 2730:"Coordinated latrine use by European badgers, Meles meles: Potential consequences for territory defense" 2245:. In one story, Tadg berates his adopted son for having killed and prepared some badgers for dinner. In 11409: 10833: 10489: 4309:

Avian predation on mustelids in Europe 1: occurrence and effects on body size variation and life traits

4157:. In Annales Zoologici Fennici (Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 1–16). Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing. 1646: 11348: 11255: 8855: 5053: 2055:, though the latter two are absent in Great Britain. Other diseases found in European badgers include 11444: 11429: 7694: 2224: 1767:. They are able to destroy wasp nests, consuming the occupants, combs, and envelope, such as that of 488: 5401:

National Farmers Union proposals to control badgers (would involve repeal of the 1992 act) July 2005

2572: 11419: 11399: 10752: 10647: 9386: 7676: 7404: 7371: 7347: 7168: 6420: 5297: 2706: 2294: 1149: 735:, while "earth dog" was used in southern Ireland. The badger is commonly referred to in Welsh as a 484: 3176: 3077: 171: 11424: 11242: 10414: 9395: 9126: 8819: 8754: 8136: 7712: 7185: 6707: 5438: 2266: 2199: 11229: 5047: 3213: 3142: 1235: 11112: 10933: 10638: 10390: 10203: 10079: 9691: 9673: 9501: 9195: 9186: 8828: 7566: 6358: 5136: 2650:

and a badger or other animal's mask may be used as a flap. The pelt was also formerly used for

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erupt about the same time. They emerge from their setts at eight weeks of age, and begin to be

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Mammals of the Soviet Union Vol.II Part 1a, SIRENIA AND CARNIVORA (Sea cows; Wolves and Bears)

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series as second in command to Fox. The badger is also the house symbol for Hufflepuff in the

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at the beginning of the 20th century. In honor of Kočić and his Badger, satirical theater in

1997: 1968:) in isolated sections of large burrows. The two species possibly tolerate each other out of 463:, but it can be ferocious when provoked, a trait which has been exploited in the now-illegal 266: 11216: 8837: 8733: 2009:

the same burrow. Badgers may drive out or kill raccoon dogs if they overstay their welcome.

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sows which either failed to mate earlier in the year or matured slowly. Badgers are usually

11138: 11029: 10980: 10656: 10557: 10516: 10230: 9741: 9469: 8795: 7860: 7610: 7601: 7557: 7512: 7135: 6641: 6376: 6202: 4811: 4430: 4363: 3538: 3417: 2793: 1634: 1437: 1243: 847: 598: 509: 3088:. Vol. Tomus I (decima, reformata ed.). Holmiae: Laurentius Salvius. p. 48. 2838: 1478:

very thoroughly with their claws and teeth. Grooming may have a social function. They are

8: 10896: 10842: 10614: 10061: 9947: 9929: 9774: 9623: 9528: 8778: 8724: 8473: 8215: 8206: 7470: 6743: 6725: 6580: 6429: 5932: 5222: 4364:"Tuberculosis in badgers; a review of the disease and its significance for other animals" 4250: 3126: 2543: 2315: 2216: 2019: 1630: 1261: 1255: 1227: 1120: 1014: 710: 472: 380: 136: 7966: 5226: 4434: 3542: 3421: 3250:"New analysis of variability of check teeth in Eurasian badgers (Carnivora, Mustelidae, 2797: 10711: 9938: 9460: 9150: 8873: 8846: 8109: 7851: 7703: 6806: 6698: 6598: 6538: 5923: 5859: 5536: 5431: 4782: 3874: 3831: 3554: 3450: 3433: 2814: 2781: 2759: 2751: 2368: 1989: 1981: 1462: 1239: 783: 650: 608: 589: 532: 314: 166: 105: 5067: 4155:

spatial structure and diet in an area of low earthworm biomass and high predation risk

11291: 11211: 11016: 10590: 10507: 10287: 9783: 9750: 8674: 8181: 7903: 7685: 7539: 7413: 7297: 6650: 6480: 6438: 6385: 6165: 6147: 5905: 5406:

NFBG (now Badger Trust) response to the National Farmers Union proposals, August 2005

5248: 5208: 5189: 5167: 5148: 5121: 5105: 5091: 4996: 4655: 4610: 4585: 4560: 4535: 4514: 4481: 4460: 4442: 4386: 4327: 4322: 3866: 3742: 3550: 3468: 3429: 3158: 3148: 2952: 2921: 2819: 2683: 2513: 2373: 1199:

but these are more developed in females. European badgers cannot flex their backs as

1010: 719: 664: 115: 10985: 5351:

A video of an adult european badger. This is a close up video showing their behavior

5292: 4500:

White, T.H. (1939) 'The Once And Future King.' 200 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016.

4071: 3878: 3835: 3558: 3437: 2763: 1094:

Steppe region of northeastern Ciscaucasia, the Kalmytsk steppes and the Volga delta

11394: 11296: 11282: 11021: 10869: 10702: 9980: 9410: 8700: 8482: 8232: 7422: 7321: 7105: 7096: 6680: 6471: 6462: 6256: 6247: 5805: 4438: 4378: 4215: 4205: 3858: 3823: 3809: 3734: 3546: 3509: 3499: 3464: 3425: 3268: 2809: 2801: 2741: 2701: 2580: 2388: 2282: 2229:

Badgers play a part in European folklore and are featured in modern literature. In

2149: 2056: 2052: 1642: 1637:

of two to nine months precedes the fertilized eggs implanting into the wall of the

1413: 1386: 870: 787: 701: 692: 668: 525: 413: 353: 306: 5016: 4191: 11198: 10887: 10878: 10806: 10761: 10423: 10373: 10364: 10239: 10185: 10129: 9971: 9864: 9682: 9641: 9606: 9351: 8414: 8127: 8094: 8085: 7592: 7330: 6779: 6229: 6156: 6114: 5850: 5655: 5589: 5566: 5315: 5283:

Steve Jackson's Badger Pages – Facts about and photos of the badgers of the world

4934: 4842: 3273: 3247: 3000: 2560: 2433: 2261: 2254: 2246: 2242: 2230: 2194: 2155: 2143: 2107: 1872: 1621: 1613: 1583: 1560: 1475: 1402: 1188: 762: 753: 677: 571: 496: 471:. Like many wild and domesticated species of mammals, badgers can be carriers of 124: 11177: 11151: 5417:

Allegations of lamping (among other practices) were made in the appendix to the

4630: 2456: 11068: 11055: 10860: 10779: 10581: 10328: 10221: 10194: 9247: 8864: 8464: 8328: 8011: 7548: 7530: 7461: 7072: 7063: 6665: 6626: 5580: 5492: 4343:

Bouvier, G.; Burgisser, H; Sweitzer, R. (1951). "Tuberculose chez un chamois".

3018: 2805: 2643: 2495: 2329: 2310: 2211: 2137: 2119: 1567: 1390: 1300: 1274: 580: 560: 541: 517: 468: 5360: 5355: 5350: 4210: 4193: 3738: 2257:, whom he uselessly tries to convince to return to the path of righteousness. 617:'to construct', which suggests that the badger was named after its digging of 11378: 11133: 10824: 10720: 10693: 10319: 10017: 9962: 9484: 9428: 9169: 8810: 8265: 7827: 6992: 6959: 6761: 6752: 6689: 6589: 6547: 6399: 5992: 5252: 5062: 4239:

Escape tactics and alarm responses in badgers Meles meles: a field experiment

3138: 2692: 2605: 2377: 2320: 2278: 2274: 2234: 2206: 2178: 2080: 2076: 1933: 1748: 1740: 1732: 1295: 1163: 839: 819: 757: 412:

carrying in fresh bedding and removing soiled material, and they defecate in

376: 372: 283: 243: 156: 151: 62: 11309: 7449: 7261: 5288:

Badgerland – The Definitive On-Line Guide to Badgers (Meles meles) in the UK

5057:, vol. 3 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 227 4254: 3827: 3718: 3162: 2746: 2729: 2441: 10956: 10851: 10797: 10498: 10266: 10212: 9989: 9888: 9443: 9419: 9238: 9229: 9049: 9016: 8939: 8900: 8310: 8292: 8154: 8026: 7485: 6886: 6849: 6734: 6716: 6129: 6075: 6001: 5679: 5423: 5120:(Reprint 2017 ed.). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 104–105. 5083: 4390: 4382: 3870: 3862: 3746: 2823: 2616:

made from badgers were once highly esteemed in England, Wales and Ireland.

2479: 2425: 2384: 2356: 2250: 2238: 2099: 1973: 1969: 1802: 1786: 1769: 1671: 1378: 1287: 1251: 1212: 1085: 550: 400: 396: 368: 2681: 2189: 1912: 1309: 1306: 1155: 807: 11237: 11094: 10965: 10465: 9656: 9573: 9546: 9295: 9209: 9141: 9067: 9058: 9025: 8983: 8948: 8665: 8558: 8390: 7930: 7842: 7750: 7395: 6968: 6788: 6453: 6367: 6350: 6327: 6290: 6174: 6138: 5983: 5772: 5627: 5506: 3504: 3483: 3396: 2639: 2501: 2470: 2324: 2299: 2289: 2044: 2005: 1794: 1752: 1744: 1479: 1398: 1382: 1317: 1172: 1026: 779: 464: 460: 37: 10995: 2755: 11322: 11203: 11086: 10674: 9920: 9851: 9838: 9805: 9591: 9329: 9089: 8637: 8614: 8500: 8491: 8440: 8405: 8381: 8145: 8044: 7993: 7939: 7921: 7894: 7801: 7751: 7150: 7123: 7051: 7034: 6797: 6770: 6616: 6520: 6504: 6340: 6220: 6060: 5896: 5763: 5555: 5523: 5507: 5326: 5046: 4220: 3514: 2634:

The hair of the European badger has been used for centuries for making

2613: 2547: 2402: 2345: 2338: 1941: 1790: 1654: 1291: 1109: 843: 823: 416:

strategically situated outside their setts or en route to other setts.

356: 297: 233: 82: 47: 11099: 5077:, vol. 3 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 188 4194:"Brown Bear Food Habits at the Border of Its Range: A Long-Term Study" 4149:

Sidorovich, V. E., Rotenko, I. I., & Krasko, D. A. (2011, March).

11042: 10605: 10540: 10153: 10093: 9879: 9700: 9315: 9307: 9256: 9106: 8992: 8974: 8688: 8522: 8355: 8197: 8163: 7975: 7667: 6941: 6411: 5887: 5455: 5277: 4732: 4730: 4714: 4712: 4710: 2865:"Badger culls were 'cruel' and 'ineffective', says independent panel" 2474: 2437: 2334: 2087: 2072: 2068: 2060: 1901: 1892: 1832: 1810: 1764: 1756: 1688: 1684: 1625: 1483: 1362: 1337: 1270: 1269:

European badger skulls are quite massive, heavy and elongated. Their

1208: 799: 428: 420: 404: 364: 223: 183: 87: 31: 10927: 4166:

Olsson, O., Wirtberg, J., Andersson, M., & Wirtberg, I. (1997).

1332: 907: 11276: 11047: 10950: 10302: 9765: 9582: 9558: 8919: 8769: 8715: 8651: 8646: 8599: 8531: 8449: 8319: 8068: 8059: 7957: 7912: 7792: 7625: 7362: 7271: 7240: 7200: 7087: 7019: 6927: 6918: 6238: 6034: 5787: 5670: 5637: 5486: 5474: 4420: 4342: 3528: 2556: 2095: 2091: 2064: 2033: 1957: 1897: 1844: 1798: 1736: 1394: 1350: 1247: 1131: 1068: 1030: 528: 424: 203: 77: 72: 57: 52: 42: 5272: 4727: 4707: 4361: 3848: 3481: 3147:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 611–612. 2728:

Kilshaw K, Newman C, Buesching CD, Bunyan J, Macdonald DW (2009).

2600: 2413: 1988:) may also take an occasional cub and other large raptors such as 1878: 1429: 11356: 10684: 10531: 10405: 10120: 9632: 8962: 8428: 7984: 7948: 7815: 7783: 7767: 7280: 6983: 6562: 6043: 5950: 5868: 5796: 5738: 5715: 5608: 4294:

Sørensen, O. J., Totsås, M., Solstad, T., & Rigg, R. (2008).

4192:

Naves, J.; Fernández-Gil, A.; Rodríguez, C.; Delibes, M. (2006).

3484:"Space use and activity in a Mediterranean population of badgers 3144:

Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference

2635: 2483: 2445: 2429: 2418: 2362: 2025: 1961: 1917: 1888: 1868: 1840: 1700: 1696: 1658: 1579: 1572: 1544: 1526: 1466: 1358: 1279: 1231: 1204: 1184: 1177: 811: 732: 456: 444: 440: 427:, feeding on a wide variety of plant and animal foods, including 128: 92: 67: 5287: 2542:

was undertaken in the form of gassing, to control the spread of

1683:

European badgers are among the least carnivorous members of the

407:, burrowing animal that sleeps during the day in one of several 11034: 10788: 10735: 10480: 10168: 9902: 8622: 8283: 8118: 7875: 7312: 6084: 6010: 5959: 5941: 5914: 5835: 5697: 5480: 5468: 5411: 2584:

A hand reared European badger showed at the celebration of the

2535: 2531: 2303: 2048: 1907: 1860: 1848: 1814: 1778: 1712: 1708: 1692: 1638: 1617: 1609: 1552: 1518: 1487:

excited, badgers may raise their tails and fluff up their fur.

1406: 1377:

The distributional boundary between the ranges of European and

1354: 1283: 1200: 1196: 1127: 1119:

This subspecies has a smaller skull and smaller teeth than the

1022: 827: 660: 611: 452: 436: 432: 360: 349: 213: 193: 3248:

Baryshnikov, G. F.; Puzachenko, A. Y.; Abramov, A. V. (2003).

2913: 2682:

Kranz, A.; Abramov, A.V.; Herrero, J. & Maran, T. (2016).

1948:), Europe's three largest remaining land predators, and large 10770: 10629: 10572: 10445: 10248: 10105: 9732: 9714: 9337: 9007: 8256: 8241: 6902: 6193: 5688: 5273:

The Badger Trust – representing over 80 British badger groups

5066: 1920:

challenging two badgers moving towards a bird feeder at night

1864: 1852: 1806: 1728: 1716: 1704: 1548: 1540: 1474:

increasing during the mating season in early spring. Badgers

1346: 1192: 1064: 1018: 850: 647: 448: 2915: 2727: 2440:

in the locality. The badger is also the title animal of the

1191:

has a mean length of 5.36 m (17.6 ft) and lacks a

10144: 9040: 8365: 8301: 5974: 5706: 5564: 5373:

DEFRA (UK government department) position on badgers and TB

4860:"Badger cull is necessary to stop them suffering, say vets" 3056:

Geiriadur: Welsh-English / English-Welsh On-line Dictionary

2642:. Sporrans are traditionally worn as part of male Scottish 2133: 2124: 2103: 1925: 1856: 1836: 1828: 1821: 1818: 1782: 1760: 1724: 1556: 1513: 1321: 618: 408: 2779: 1393:, but a clear boundary has not been defined, and they are 869:) are now considered to belong to a distinct species, the 622: 564: 8274: 7883: 6211: 5356:

Video of a European Badger feeding on peanuts by its sett

5293:

Badgerwatcher.com – A guide to watching badgers in the UK

5235: 3814:): a comparison of boundary and hinterland latrine use". 3113: 2647: 1949: 1774: 1720: 1013:. Its eastern range encompasses the European area of the 5361:

Video of an evening's badger-watching in mid-Wales, U.K.

5298:

Wildlife Online – Natural History of the European Badger

4988:

The Conservation and Management of the European Badger (

4935:"Badger cull begins in Somerset in attempt to tackle TB" 2460:

Illustration of a badger brought to bay by a Dachshund (

1691:

are their most important food source, followed by large

553: 535: 4978: 3306: 2890:"Badger cull poll: Nine out of ten want culling to end" 826:. Occasionally, badger bones are discovered in earlier 5344: 3397:

Kowalczyk, R.; Jȩdrzejewska, B.; Zalewski, A. (2003).

2249:, the badger is portrayed as a cautious, peace-loving 2193:

Mr. Badger, as portrayed in an illustrated edition of

2376:

during the 1990s and was set around the mishaps of a

9105: 6501: 5419:

NFBG (now Badger Trust) response to the Krebs Report

5207:. New Naturalist (Fifth ed.). London: Collins. 3399:"Annual and circadian activity patterns of badgers ( 1424: 5308: 2553:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 2534:were gassed during the 1960s and 1970s to control 1320:are present below the base of the tail and on the 846:. As of 2005, eight subspecies were recognized as 4457:The encyclopedia of Celtic mythology and folklore 3716: 2309:A villainous badger named Tommy Brock appears in 2004:) are considered potential badger cub predators. 782:. The modern species originated during the early 11376: 6901: 4270:Interspecific killing among mammalian carnivores 2839:"Badger culls have varying impacts on cattle TB" 713: 663:' or 'badger'), and from these words the common 5134: 4984: 4689: 4296:Predation by a golden eagle on a brown bear cub 4052: 4037: 4025: 3963: 3946: 3695:. British Wildlife Centre. 2012. Archived from 3624: 3595: 3571: 3482:Rodriguez, A.; Martin, R.; Delibes, M. (1996). 3384: 3345: 3230: 3199: 3025:(in Italian) (6th ed.). Milano: Mondadori. 3007:(in French) (4th ed.). Paris: Klincksieck. 2862: 1900:with their jaws, and are mostly indifferent to 1589: 1215:, though they can move quickly at full gallop. 838:In the 19th and 20th centuries, several badger 592: 4907: 4882: 4326:, p. 107, Science Publishers, Inc. USA. 1998, 3243: 3241: 3239: 2969:"Scotland's Wildlife: Badgers and Development" 2707:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29673A45203002.en 2175:International Union for Conservation of Nature 1896:badger populations. Badgers can easily breach 830:, due to the burrowing habits of the species. 760:in 1758, who described the badger in his work 722: 7765: 5606: 5439: 4995:. Strasbourg: Council of Europe. p. 53. 4857: 4362:Gallagher, J.; Clifton-Hadley, R. S. (2000). 4145: 4143: 3005:Dictionnaire étimologique de la langue latine 2998: 2448:, Finland, where it is a very common mammal. 1180:are present on the snout and above the eyes. 704: 695: 671: 5453: 5412:Claims of continued badger-hunting in the UK 5236:Spagnesi, M.; De Marina Marinis, M. (2002). 5081: 4654:(in Finnish). Suomen Kunnallisliitto. 1982. 4408: 4101: 4008: 3917: 3900: 3797: 3612: 3328: 2947:Neal, Ernest G. and Cheeseman, C. L. (1996) 2836: 2436:, referring to the former importance of the 2273:The "Frances" series of children's books by 1908:Relationships with other non-human predators 822:' surface areas and the modification of the 774:The species likely evolved from the Chinese 686: 680: 574: 500: 11435:Extant Middle Pleistocene first appearances 5366: 5090:(Fourth Revised ed.). Mammal Society. 4272:. The American Naturalist, 153(5), 492–508. 4082:. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 3717:Abramov, A. V.; Puzachenko, A. Yu. (2013). 3287: 3236: 1827:Occasionally, they feed on medium to large 1368: 736: 654: 641: 635: 629: 583: 544: 5626: 5446: 5432: 5333:Badger Survey in the Netherlands 2000–2001 4753:"Protection of Animals Act 1911 (revised)" 4307:Korpimäki, E., & Norrdahl, K. (1989). 4237:Butler, J. M., & Roper, T. J. (1995). 4140: 4031: 3125: 3107: 3058:. University of Wales: Trinity Saint David 2017:Bovine tuberculosis (bovine TB) caused by 1116:Baryshnikov, Puzachenko and Abramov, 2003 491:states it probably derives from "badge" + 296: 145: 114: 9849: 6338: 5521: 5380:Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle and Badgers 5180: 4780: 4268:Palomares, F., & Caro, T. M. (1999). 4233: 4231: 4219: 4209: 3929: 3842: 3778: 3513: 3503: 3272: 2914:Weiner, E. S. C.; Simpson, J. R. (1989). 2813: 2745: 2705: 2012: 1781:. Fruits include windfall apples, pears, 1211:can, nor can they stand fully erect like 1123:badger subspecies in Sweden and Finland. 8195: 5135:Heptner, V. G.; Sludskii, A. A. (2001). 4968: 4966: 4964: 4927: 4853: 4851: 4685: 4683: 4582:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 4095: 4048: 4046: 4021: 4019: 4017: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3380: 3378: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3075: 3069: 2646:. They form a bag or pocket made from a 2599: 2579: 2571: 2455: 2412: 2380:-loving badger and his human companion. 2205: 2188: 2184: 1911: 1877: 1624:declining in summer. Sows usually begin 1593: 1525: 1517: 1489: 1456:Two European badgers grooming each other 1444: 1436: 1428: 1419: 1331: 1260: 1187:, reflecting their omnivorous diet. The 1162: 1154: 1143: 7269: 6032: 5553: 4796: 4774: 4745: 4604: 4579: 4475: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4086: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3774: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3756: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3324: 3322: 3281: 3211: 3034: 3032: 2775: 2773: 2417:European badger in the coat of arms of 2043:Badgers are vulnerable to the mustelid 1859:, fungi, tubers and green food such as 1397:in some regions, potentially forming a 487:of the word "badger" is uncertain. The 11377: 10362: 8598: 5378:Executive summary of the Krebs Report 5245:Quaderni di Conservazione della Natura 5104: 4985:Griffiths, H.I.; Thomas, D.H. (1997). 4885:"Badger culling will go ahead in 2012" 4275: 4228: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4065: 4063: 4061: 3101: 3017: 2721: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2177:rates the European badger as being of 2086:Internal parasites of badgers include 1566:If a badger dies within the sett, its 10932: 10931: 9836: 9293: 8597: 7749: 6884: 6325: 5505: 5427: 5221: 5161: 4961: 4955: 4848: 4701: 4680: 4320:Heptner, V. G. ; Naumov, N. P., 4185: 4134: 4043: 4014: 3987: 3952: 3935: 3683: 3681: 3660: 3648: 3618: 3589: 3565: 3375: 3369: 3334: 3300: 3224: 3193: 3114:Spagnesi & De Marina Marinis 2002 2909: 2907: 305:European badger range (also includes 11362:F990332E-0D8B-41F9-9A87-8B5E283C8A97 11074:ce8652b8-410f-47f8-b47f-df80aeb85483 5202: 4972: 4949: 4554: 4529: 4459:, p.436, Infobase Publishing, 2004, 4397: 4122: 3993: 3975: 3923: 3906: 3885: 3784: 3769: 3753: 3672: 3636: 3601: 3583: 3357: 3319: 3095: 3038: 3029: 2863:James Tapsfield (28 February 2014). 2770: 2540:badger culling in the United Kingdom 2526:Badger culling in the United Kingdom 1875:has been observed in chicken coops. 1867:, particularly in winter and during 1507: 1222:The average weight of adults in the 11385:IUCN Red List least concern species 6816:South African small-spotted genet ( 5387:The Randomised Badger Culling Trial 4695: 4285:. Poyser Monographs; A&C Black. 4128: 4107: 4058: 3981: 3969: 3666: 3654: 3642: 3630: 3577: 3363: 3351: 2693:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2664: 2344:A badger takes a prominent role in 1882:A badger in England scavenging food 1009:Continental Europe, except for the 13: 5061: 5044: 5017:"Sporran wearers may need licence" 4910:"Badger cull postponed until 2013" 4736: 4718: 4675:Vaakunat ja tunnukset – Nurmijärvi 3678: 3023:Avviamento all'etimologia italiana 2904: 2500:Badger-baiting was once a popular 1294:are not overly specialized. Their 1258:is no better than that of humans. 1148:A European badger skeleton at the 14: 11456: 7160:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose ( 5329:, Badgergroup Brabant Foundation. 5260: 4513:, p.47, Twayne Publishers, 1986, 2510:Protection of Animals Act of 1911 2489: 2237:and kinsmen to Tadg, the king of 1195:. Both sexes have three pairs of 886:Trinomial authority and synonyms 786:, with fossil sites occurring in 6885: 5009: 4901: 4876: 4804:"Protection of Badgers Act 1992" 4783:"Protection of Badgers Act 1992" 4443:10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00910.x 4259:, Longmans, Green, and Co., 1906 4182:. Wildlife biology, 3(1), 13–25. 4069: 3551:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.99431.x 3469:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00165.x 3430:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00804.x 2837:Pallab Ghosh (11 October 2019). 2576:A tame orphan badger with keeper 2302:is transformed into a badger by 1904:, even when set upon by swarms. 1425:Social and territorial behaviour 1108: 906: 170: 35: 9294: 6326: 5309:Dublin and Wicklow Badger Group 5186:The New Encyclopedia of Mammals 4825: 4668: 4644: 4623: 4598: 4573: 4548: 4523: 4503: 4494: 4469: 4449: 4414: 4355: 4336: 4314: 4301: 4288: 4262: 4244: 4160: 3803: 3710: 3522: 3475: 3444: 3390: 3205: 3169: 3119: 3044: 3011: 2992: 2424:European badger appears on the 2210:Tommy Brock, as illustrated by 2168: 1665: 881: 842:were described and proposed as 478: 9837: 5231:. London: Lawrence and Bullen. 5038: 4371:Research in Veterinary Science 3851:Research in Veterinary Science 2961: 2941: 2882: 2856: 2830: 2567: 2506:Cruelty to Animals Act of 1835 1139: 667:terms for the animal evolved ( 1: 6572:Malabar large-spotted civet ( 5321:Science & Nature: Animals 5118:Pleistocene mammals of Europe 4883:Carrington, D. (2011-12-11). 3261:Russian Journal of Theriology 3212:Graells, M. de la P. (1897). 2951:, p. 2, T. & A.D. Poyser 2917:The Oxford English Dictionary 2892:. Farming UK. 21 October 2014 2657: 2383:An unnamed badger is part of 1670:Badgers begin to prepare for 1499:Grunting and snuffling sounds 833: 621:(tunnels); the Germanic term 10834:Indonesian mountain weasel ( 10490:North American river otter ( 9378:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk ( 6432:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii 5088:Mammals of the British Isles 4858:Moody, Oliver (2013-04-27). 4557:The Animals of Farthing Wood 4180:in south-central Scandinavia 3274:10.15298/rusjtheriol.01.2.07 2351:The Animals of Farthing Wood 2102:carried by them include the 1590:Reproduction and development 1530:A sett shown in an engraving 769: 508:The far older name "brock" ( 423:, the European badger is an 7: 11440:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus 7695:Somalian slender mongoose ( 5188:. Oxford University Press. 5166:. London: William Collins. 5145:Mammals of the Soviet Union 5045:Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), 4690:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 4631:"Comedy: Bodger and Badger" 4480:. Wordsworth Editions Ltd. 4241:. Ethology, 99(4), 313-322. 4053:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 4038:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 4026:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3964:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3947:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3625:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3596:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3572:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3385:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3346:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3231:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 3218:Fauna Mastodológica Ibérica 3200:Heptner & Sludskii 2001 2920:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2516:or a ban from owning dogs. 2464:is German for "badger-dog") 2408: 2405:is named Jazavac (Badger). 2233:, badgers are portrayed as 744: 10: 11461: 11415:Mammals of the Middle East 10648:Asian small-clawed otter ( 9387:American hog-nosed skunk ( 9369:Molina's hog-nosed skunk ( 7677:Angolan slender mongoose ( 7372:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose ( 6421:Small-toothed palm civet ( 5327:Badgers in the Netherlands 4607:Tribes of Redwall: Badgers 3309:Palaeontologia Electronica 3290:Trakia Journal of Sciences 2806:10.1038/s41598-019-49957-6 2523: 2519: 2493: 2451: 2222: 1511: 1441:Scratching-tree of badgers 1159:Skull of a European badger 11390:Mammals described in 1758 11266: 10940: 10733: 10682: 10673: 10627: 10603: 10570: 10553: 10529: 10478: 10461: 10444: 10415:Saharan striped polecat ( 10403: 10386: 10345: 10300: 10283: 10274: 10265: 10166: 10142: 10118: 10101: 10092: 10015: 9960: 9918: 9901: 9877: 9860: 9845: 9832: 9804: 9763: 9730: 9713: 9654: 9604: 9571: 9554: 9545: 9482: 9441: 9408: 9396:Striped hog-nosed skunk ( 9349: 9328: 9306: 9302: 9289: 9225: 9208: 9167: 9139: 9127:Mediterranean monk seal ( 9122: 9088: 9038: 9005: 8970: 8961: 8935: 8918: 8899: 8856:Juan Fernández fur seal ( 8820:South American fur seal ( 8808: 8791: 8767: 8755:South American sea lion ( 8750: 8713: 8696: 8687: 8663: 8635: 8613: 8609: 8593: 8557: 8530: 8521: 8462: 8436: 8427: 8403: 8379: 8364: 8353: 8254: 8228: 8180: 8137:South American gray fox ( 8107: 8081: 8057: 8040: 8025: 8010: 7873: 7840: 7823: 7814: 7781: 7761: 7745: 7713:Common slender mongoose ( 7665: 7623: 7579: 7483: 7457: 7448: 7393: 7360: 7343: 7310: 7293: 7260: 7239: 7198: 7186:Narrow-striped mongoose ( 7181: 7148: 7131: 7122: 7085: 7059: 7050: 7033: 7017: 6981: 6955: 6940: 6916: 6897: 6893: 6880: 6848: 6844: 6708:Crested servaline genet ( 6663: 6624: 6615: 6560: 6534: 6519: 6497: 6451: 6407: 6398: 6349: 6334: 6321: 6289: 6191: 6127: 6110: 6101: 6073: 6056: 6023: 5972: 5885: 5848: 5831: 5822: 5785: 5761: 5752: 5736: 5668: 5635: 5622: 5602: 5549: 5532: 5517: 5501: 5463: 4476:Grahame, Kenneth (1908). 4211:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-318R2.1 3739:10.11646/zootaxa.3681.1.2 2225:List of fictional badgers 1777:, maize and occasionally 1620:during January–May, with 1522:Entrance to a badger sett 1353:in badgers is known, and 731:common, but only used in 489:Oxford English Dictionary 419:Although classified as a 320: 313: 304: 295: 272: 265: 167:Scientific classification 165: 143: 134: 122: 113: 23: 10771:Stoat/Beringian ermine ( 10639:African clawless otter ( 10391:African striped weasel ( 10204:Yellow-throated marten ( 10080:Formosan ferret-badger ( 9784:Western mountain coati ( 9775:Eastern mountain coati ( 9692:Western lowland olingo ( 9674:Eastern lowland olingo ( 9502:Southern spotted skunk ( 9196:Southern elephant seal ( 9187:Northern elephant seal ( 8977:Pagophilus groenlandicus 7754:("dog-like" carnivorans) 7567:Stripe-necked mongoose ( 7188:Mungotictis decemlineata 6063:Herpailurus yagouaroundi 5510:("cat-like" carnivorans) 5396:, March 2004. PDF format 5367:Badgers and TB in the UK 5335:, The Census Foundation. 4652:Suomen kunnallisvaakunat 4409:Harris & Yalden 2008 4298:. Ursus, 19(2), 190–193. 4102:Harris & Yalden 2008 4009:Harris & Yalden 2008 3918:Harris & Yalden 2008 3901:Harris & Yalden 2008 3798:Harris & Yalden 2008 3613:Harris & Yalden 2008 3329:Harris & Yalden 2008 3214:"Meles Taxus. (Schreb.)" 3141:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). 2337:in his struggle against 2295:The Once and Future King 1470:season in early spring. 1369:Distribution and habitat 1290:are prominent and their 1150:Royal Veterinary College 1057:(Barrett-Hamilton, 1899) 971:(Barrett-Hamilton, 1899) 10816:Yellow-bellied weasel ( 10071:Burmese ferret-badger ( 10053:Chinese ferret-badger ( 10044:Bornean ferret badger ( 10035:Vietnam ferret-badger ( 9520:Eastern spotted skunk ( 9511:Western spotted skunk ( 9241:Leptonychotes weddellii 8883:Subantarctic fur seal ( 8829:Australasian fur seal ( 7653:Black-footed mongoose ( 7635:Bushy-tailed mongoose ( 7584:White-tailed mongoose ( 7522:Indian brown mongoose ( 7504:Short-tailed mongoose ( 7495:Small Indian mongoose ( 7432:Flat-headed kusimanse ( 7405:Alexander's kusimanse ( 7381:Common dwarf mongoose ( 7348:Pousargues's mongoose ( 7210:Brown-tailed mongoose ( 7169:Grandidier's mongoose ( 6423:Arctogalidia trivirgata 5647:Sunda clouded leopard ( 5347:, L'assiociation Meles. 5303:Lancashire Badger Group 5228:The badger; a monograph 5074:Encyclopædia Britannica 5054:Encyclopædia Britannica 4908:Carrington, D. (2012). 4605:Jacques, Brian (2001). 4580:Rowling, J. K. (1997). 4478:The Wind in the Willows 4345:Schweizer Arch Tierheil 3828:10.1163/156853993X00074 3766:König 1973, pp. 162–163 3410:Journal of Biogeography 3181:www.mammaldiversity.org 2747:10.1644/08-MAMM-A-200.1 2595: 2428:of the municipality of 2267:The Wind in the Willows 2200:The Wind in the Willows 2094:and several species of 1739:. Insect prey includes 1678: 723: 624: 613: 566: 555: 536: 521: 513: 10657:Congo clawless otter ( 10560:Hydrictis maculicollis 10558:Spotted-necked otter ( 10517:Southern river otter ( 10468:Pteronura brasiliensis 10231:European pine marten ( 9742:South American coati ( 9470:Palawan stink badger ( 8796:New Zealand sea lion ( 7861:Japanese raccoon dog ( 7558:Crab-eating mongoose ( 7513:Indian grey mongoose ( 7136:Ring-tailed vontsira ( 6947:(bone-crushing hyenas) 6642:Central African oyan ( 6203:Chinese mountain cat ( 4383:10.1053/rvsc.2000.0422 3863:10.1053/rvsc.2000.0422 3177:"Explore the Database" 2632: 2609: 2588: 2586:National Day of Sweden 2577: 2465: 2421: 2399:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2220: 2203: 2123:(the human flea), the 2013:Diseases and parasites 1921: 1883: 1606: 1531: 1523: 1500: 1457: 1442: 1434: 1341: 1327: 1266: 1168: 1160: 1152: 737: 714: 705: 696: 687: 681: 672: 655: 642: 636: 630: 593: 584: 575: 559:) meaning 'grey'. The 545: 501: 371:. It is classified as 11405:Mammals of Azerbaijan 11225:Paleobiology Database 10897:Back-striped weasel ( 10843:Black-footed ferret ( 10615:Smooth-coated otter ( 10393:Poecilogale albinucha 10062:Javan ferret-badger ( 9948:Sumatran hog badger ( 9930:Northern hog badger ( 9624:Crab-eating raccoon ( 9529:Pygmy spotted skunk ( 9250:Lobodon carcinophagus 8986:Histriophoca fasciata 8779:Australian sea lion ( 8725:California sea lion ( 8474:American black bear ( 8216:Black-backed jackal ( 8207:Side-striped jackal ( 8047:Chrysocyon brachyurus 7471:Long-nosed mongoose ( 6744:Rusty-spotted genet ( 6581:Large-spotted civet ( 6430:Sulawesi palm civet ( 6359:Owston's palm civet ( 5933:Andean mountain cat ( 5269:Photographs and video 4832:The European badger ( 4559:. Egmont Publishing. 3076:Linnaeus, C. (1758). 2700:: e.T29673A45203002. 2627: 2622:The Sporting Magazine 2603: 2583: 2575: 2459: 2416: 2241:and foster father of 2209: 2192: 2185:Cultural significance 2114:Chaetopsylla trichosa 1998:greater spotted eagle 1915: 1881: 1604: 1529: 1521: 1498: 1455: 1440: 1432: 1420:Behaviour and ecology 1401:. They are common in 1335: 1264: 1166: 1158: 1147: 682:tesson/taisson/tasson 604:), probably from the 344:), also known as the 11069:Fauna Europaea (new) 10712:Long-tailed weasel ( 10290:Lyncodon patagonicus 9939:Greater hog badger ( 9461:Sunda stink badger ( 9151:Hawaiian monk seal ( 8874:Guadalupe fur seal ( 8847:Antarctic fur seal ( 8838:Galápagos fur seal ( 8734:Galápagos sea lion ( 7852:Common raccoon dog ( 7704:Cape gray mongoose ( 7644:Jackson's mongoose ( 7604:Paracynictis selousi 7595:Cynictis penicillata 7219:Durrell's vontsira ( 6807:Giant forest genet ( 6599:Large Indian civet ( 6539:Small Indian civet ( 6148:Sunda leopard cat ( 5924:Southern tiger cat ( 5860:African golden cat ( 5537:African palm civet ( 5238:"Mammiferi d'Italia" 4692:, pp. 1281–1282 4555:Dann, Colin (1979). 4530:C.S., Lewis (1951). 4509:MacDonald, Ruth K., 4455:Monaghan, Patricia, 4251:Dale, Thomas Francis 4198:Journal of Mammalogy 4055:, pp. 1265–1268 4040:, pp. 1272–1233 4028:, pp. 1278–1279 3966:, pp. 1279–1281 3949:, pp. 1269–1272 3531:Conservation Biology 3505:10.4098/AT.arch.96-5 3387:, pp. 1241–1242 3348:, pp. 1234–1237 3233:, pp. 1254–1255 3202:, pp. 1253–1254 2734:Journal of Mammalogy 2292:'s Arthurian series 1994:Haliaeetus albicilla 1236:Doñana National Park 599:Early Modern English 10755:M. aistoodonnivalis 10591:Hairy-nosed otter ( 10508:Neotropical otter ( 10288:Patagonian weasel ( 9751:White-nosed coati ( 8951:Cystophora cristata 8942:Erignathus barbatus 8675:Northern fur seal ( 8452:Helarctos malayanus 8088:Atelocynus microtis 7795:U. cinereoargenteus 7686:Egyptian mongoose ( 7613:Rhynchogale melleri 7611:Meller's mongoose ( 7602:Selous's mongoose ( 7586:Ichneumia albicauda 7540:Collared mongoose ( 7414:Angolan kusimanse ( 7298:Liberian mongoose ( 6651:West African oyan ( 6550:Civettictis civetta 6481:Golden palm civet ( 6439:Masked palm civet ( 6414:Arctictis binturong 6388:Hemigalus derbyanus 6386:Banded palm civet ( 6377:Hose's palm civet ( 6166:Rusty-spotted cat ( 4864:The Times: Wildlife 4435:2003Ethol.109..751S 4281:Watson, J. (2010). 4178:Capreolus capreolus 4172:predation on moose 3543:2001ConBi..15..148R 3422:2003JBiog..30..463K 2798:2019NatSR...914666D 2544:bovine tuberculosis 2538:. Until the 1980s, 2369:Bodger & Badger 2316:The Tale of Mr. Tod 2217:The Tale of Mr. Tod 2111:(the badger flea), 2038:Capreolus capreolus 2030:Rupicapra rupicapra 2020:Mycobacterium bovis 1990:white-tailed eagles 1982:Eurasian eagle owls 1759:, and the nests of 1029:, and the northern 1015:former Soviet Union 473:bovine tuberculosis 381:nominate subspecies 137:Conservation status 16:Species of mustelid 10870:European polecat ( 10703:Colombian weasel ( 10353:(African polecats) 9981:Caucasian badger ( 9909:(Eurasian badgers) 9359:(hog-nosed skunks) 9096:("southern seals") 8995:Halichoerus grypus 8926:("northern seals") 8798:Phocarctos hookeri 8703:Eumetopias jubatus 8701:Steller sea lion ( 8483:Asian black bear ( 8233:African wild dog ( 8187:(wolf-like canids) 7464:Atilax paludinosus 7423:Common kusimanse ( 7350:Dologale dybowskii 7322:Gambian mongoose ( 7106:Western falanouc ( 7097:Eastern falanouc ( 7066:Cryptoprocta ferox 6971:Parahyaena brunnea 6726:Johnston's genet ( 6681:Abyssinian genet ( 6633:(African linsangs) 6541:Viverricula indica 6472:Brown palm civet ( 6463:Asian palm civet ( 6370:Cynogale bennettii 6361:Chrotogale owstoni 6257:European wildcat ( 6248:Black-footed cat ( 5838:Leptailurus serval 5806:Asian golden cat ( 5572:(Asiatic linsangs) 5314:2021-06-18 at the 5162:König, C. (1973). 4975:, pp. 152–154 4841:2012-09-01 at the 4534:. Harper Collins. 4104:, pp. 432–433 4011:, pp. 433–434 3800:, pp. 430–431 3457:Journal of Zoology 3116:, pp. 226–227 3104:, pp. 103–105 3041:, pp. 150–152 2786:Scientific Reports 2610: 2589: 2578: 2466: 2422: 2394:Badger on Tribunal 2391:'s satirical play 2221: 2204: 2129:Trichodectes melis 1922: 1884: 1607: 1532: 1524: 1501: 1458: 1443: 1435: 1342: 1267: 1169: 1161: 1153: 784:Middle Pleistocene 106:Middle Pleistocene 11410:Mammals of Europe 11372: 11371: 11212:Open Tree of Life 10934:Taxon identifiers 10925: 10924: 10921: 10920: 10917: 10916: 10913: 10912: 10909: 10908: 10888:Siberian weasel ( 10879:American ermine ( 10807:Japanese weasel ( 10762:Mountain weasel ( 10746: 10669: 10668: 10455: 10440: 10439: 10436: 10435: 10424:Striped polecat ( 10374:Marbled polecat ( 10356: 10341: 10340: 10313: 10261: 10260: 10240:Japanese marten ( 10186:American marten ( 10179: 10037:M. cucphuongensis 10028: 10011: 10010: 9999:European badger ( 9972:Japanese badger ( 9912: 9865:American badger ( 9828: 9827: 9824: 9823: 9800: 9799: 9796: 9795: 9724: 9683:Northern olingo ( 9667: 9642:Cozumel raccoon ( 9617: 9541: 9540: 9495: 9454: 9362: 9343: 9285: 9284: 9281: 9280: 9277: 9276: 9273: 9272: 9269: 9268: 9259:Ommatophoca rossi 9232:Hydrurga leptonyx 9219: 9216:(Antarctic seals) 9189:M. angustirostris 9180: 9163: 9162: 9129:Monachus monachus 9116: 9099: 9084: 9083: 9080: 9079: 8929: 8912: 8895: 8894: 8757:Otaria flavescens 8746: 8745: 8657: 8625:Odobenus rosmarus 8589: 8588: 8585: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8577: 8576: 8540: 8517: 8516: 8513: 8512: 8415:Spectacled bear ( 8373: 8349: 8348: 8345: 8344: 8341: 8340: 8189: 8176: 8175: 8095:Crab-eating fox ( 8086:Short-eared dog ( 8034: 8019: 8006: 8005: 7888: 7830:Otocyon megalotis 7774: 7741: 7740: 7737: 7736: 7733: 7732: 7729: 7728: 7725: 7724: 7593:Yellow mongoose ( 7444: 7443: 7331:Banded mongoose ( 7300:Liberiictus kuhni 7254: 7235: 7234: 7231: 7230: 7118: 7117: 7044: 7013: 7012: 7009: 7008: 7005: 7004: 6949: 6910: 6876: 6875: 6872: 6871: 6868: 6867: 6840: 6839: 6836: 6835: 6832: 6831: 6828: 6827: 6780:Servaline genet ( 6699:Bourlon's genet ( 6674: 6635: 6611: 6610: 6493: 6492: 6465:P. hermaphroditus 6317: 6316: 6313: 6312: 6309: 6308: 6285: 6284: 6281: 6280: 6277: 6276: 6273: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6230:African wildcat ( 6187: 6186: 6157:Flat-headed cat ( 6097: 6096: 5881: 5880: 5818: 5817: 5732: 5731: 5728: 5727: 5656:Clouded leopard ( 5615: 5590:Spotted linsang ( 5574: 5539:Nandinia binotata 5345:Badgers in France 5203:Neal, E. (1976). 5097:978-0-906282-65-6 5002:978-9-28-713447-9 4311:. Oikos, 205–215. 3492:Acta Theriologica 3154:978-0-8018-8221-0 3127:Wozencraft, W. C. 2608:using badger hair 2514:community service 2508:and again by the 2360:book series. The 1978:Aquila chrysaetos 1602: 1508:Denning behaviour 1496: 1453: 1387:Caucasian badgers 1224:Białowieża Forest 1137: 1136: 1042:M. m. marianensis 1011:Iberian Peninsula 949:(Desmarest, 1816) 942:(Tiedemann, 1808) 691:is more common—, 332: 331: 160: 11452: 11445:Fauna of Albania 11430:Fauna of Lebanon 11365: 11364: 11352: 11351: 11339: 11338: 11326: 11325: 11313: 11312: 11300: 11299: 11287: 11286: 11285: 11259: 11258: 11246: 11245: 11233: 11232: 11220: 11219: 11207: 11206: 11194: 11193: 11181: 11180: 11178:NHMSYS0000080191 11168: 11167: 11155: 11154: 11142: 11141: 11129: 11128: 11116: 11115: 11103: 11102: 11090: 11089: 11077: 11076: 11064: 11063: 11051: 11050: 11038: 11037: 11025: 11024: 11012: 11011: 10999: 10998: 10989: 10988: 10976: 10975: 10974: 10961: 10960: 10959: 10929: 10928: 10861:Malayan weasel ( 10780:Steppe polecat ( 10753:Sichuan weasel ( 10745: 10744: 10740: 10680: 10679: 10617:L. perspicillata 10582:Eurasian otter ( 10459: 10458: 10454: 10453: 10449: 10360: 10359: 10355: 10354: 10350: 10329:Greater grison ( 10312: 10311: 10307: 10281: 10280: 10272: 10271: 10222:Nilgiri marten ( 10195:Pacific marten ( 10178: 10177: 10173: 10099: 10098: 10082:M. subaurantiaca 10027: 10026: 10025:(ferret-badgers) 10022: 9916: 9915: 9911: 9910: 9906: 9858: 9857: 9847: 9846: 9834: 9833: 9728: 9727: 9723: 9722: 9718: 9666: 9665: 9661: 9616: 9615: 9611: 9552: 9551: 9494: 9493: 9492:(spotted skunks) 9489: 9453: 9452: 9448: 9361: 9360: 9356: 9347: 9346: 9342: 9341: 9333: 9304: 9303: 9291: 9290: 9248:Crabeater seal ( 9223: 9222: 9218: 9217: 9213: 9179: 9178: 9177:(elephant seals) 9174: 9153:N. schauinslandi 9120: 9119: 9115: 9114: 9110: 9103: 9102: 9098: 9097: 9093: 8968: 8967: 8933: 8932: 8928: 8927: 8923: 8916: 8915: 8911: 8910: 8904: 8865:Brown fur seal ( 8840:A. galapagoensis 8727:Z. californianus 8694: 8693: 8661: 8660: 8656: 8655: 8641: 8611: 8610: 8603: 8595: 8594: 8539: 8538: 8534: 8528: 8527: 8443:Melursus ursinus 8434: 8433: 8377: 8376: 8372: 8369: 8362: 8361: 8329:Ethiopian wolf ( 8193: 8192: 8188: 8185: 8038: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8023: 8022: 8018: 8015: 7904:Blanford's fox ( 7887: 7880: 7821: 7820: 7779: 7778: 7773: 7770: 7763: 7762: 7755: 7747: 7746: 7549:Ruddy mongoose ( 7531:Javan mongoose ( 7462:Marsh mongoose ( 7455: 7454: 7434:C. platycephalus 7267: 7266: 7258: 7257: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7129: 7128: 7073:Malagasy civet ( 7057: 7056: 7048: 7047: 7043: 7038: 7031: 7030: 7026: 6953: 6952: 6948: 6945: 6914: 6913: 6909: 6906: 6899: 6898: 6895: 6894: 6882: 6881: 6846: 6845: 6673: 6670: 6634: 6631: 6622: 6621: 6532: 6531: 6528: 6517: 6516: 6512: 6499: 6498: 6405: 6404: 6347: 6346: 6336: 6335: 6323: 6322: 6117:Otocolobus manul 6108: 6107: 6030: 6029: 5906:Geoffroy's cat ( 5829: 5828: 5759: 5758: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5633: 5632: 5624: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5614: 5611: 5604: 5603: 5581:Banded linsang ( 5573: 5570: 5562: 5561: 5551: 5550: 5530: 5529: 5519: 5518: 5511: 5503: 5502: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5425: 5424: 5392:Godfray Report, 5278:Scottish Badgers 5256: 5242: 5232: 5218: 5199: 5177: 5158: 5131: 5101: 5078: 5070: 5058: 5050: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5028: 5013: 5007: 5006: 4982: 4976: 4970: 4959: 4958:, pp. 58–61 4953: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4931: 4925: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4905: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4895: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4870: 4855: 4846: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4819: 4810:. Archived from 4800: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4778: 4772: 4771: 4769: 4768: 4759:. Archived from 4749: 4743: 4734: 4725: 4716: 4705: 4699: 4693: 4687: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4638: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4577: 4571: 4570: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4527: 4521: 4507: 4501: 4498: 4492: 4491: 4473: 4467: 4453: 4447: 4446: 4418: 4412: 4406: 4395: 4394: 4368: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4340: 4334: 4318: 4312: 4305: 4299: 4292: 4286: 4283:The golden eagle 4279: 4273: 4266: 4260: 4248: 4242: 4235: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4213: 4189: 4183: 4164: 4158: 4147: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4125:, pp. 70–80 4120: 4105: 4099: 4093: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4076:Eurasian Badger" 4067: 4056: 4050: 4041: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4012: 4006: 3991: 3985: 3979: 3973: 3967: 3961: 3950: 3944: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3904: 3898: 3883: 3882: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3822:(3–4): 289–307. 3807: 3801: 3795: 3782: 3776: 3767: 3764: 3751: 3750: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3705: 3704: 3685: 3676: 3670: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3599: 3593: 3587: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3562: 3526: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3507: 3479: 3473: 3472: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3407: 3394: 3388: 3382: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3332: 3326: 3317: 3316: 3304: 3298: 3297: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3258: 3245: 3234: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3187: 3173: 3167: 3166: 3123: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3089: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3064: 3063: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3027: 3026: 3015: 3009: 3008: 3001:Meillet, Antoine 2999:Ernout, Alfred; 2996: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2986: 2980: 2974:. Archived from 2973: 2965: 2959: 2945: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2911: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2817: 2792:(14666): 14666. 2777: 2768: 2767: 2749: 2740:(5): 1188–1198. 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2709: 2679: 2652:pistol furniture 2551:cull led by the 2530:Many badgers in 2444:municipality in 2333:, where he aids 2057:arteriosclerosis 2053:canine distemper 1643:gestation period 1605:Badger with cubs 1603: 1584:European rabbits 1497: 1476:groom each other 1454: 1433:A badger's claws 1414:maquis shrubland 1313: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1246:is acute, their 1228:Woodchester Park 1112: 1100:Norwegian badger 1058: 1017:eastward to the 1001: 1000:(Degerbøl, 1933) 994: 987: 980: 973: 972: 964: 963:(Billberg, 1827) 957: 956:(Billberg, 1827) 950: 943: 936: 929: 922: 921:(Boddaert, 1785) 910: 880: 879: 871:Caucasian badger 740: 726: 717: 708: 699: 690: 684: 675: 658: 645: 639: 633: 627: 616: 596: 587: 578: 569: 558: 548: 539: 504: 327: 307:Caucasian badger 300: 278: 175: 174: 154: 149: 148: 118: 104: 34: 27:Temporal range: 21: 20: 11460: 11459: 11455: 11454: 11453: 11451: 11450: 11449: 11420:Fauna of Turkey 11400:Mammals of Asia 11375: 11374: 11373: 11368: 11360: 11355: 11347: 11342: 11334: 11329: 11321: 11316: 11308: 11303: 11295: 11290: 11281: 11280: 11275: 11262: 11254: 11249: 11241: 11236: 11228: 11223: 11215: 11210: 11202: 11199:Observation.org 11197: 11189: 11184: 11176: 11171: 11163: 11158: 11150: 11145: 11137: 11132: 11124: 11119: 11111: 11106: 11098: 11093: 11085: 11080: 11072: 11067: 11059: 11054: 11046: 11041: 11033: 11028: 11020: 11015: 11007: 11002: 10994: 10992: 10984: 10979: 10970: 10969: 10964: 10955: 10954: 10949: 10936: 10926: 10905: 10881:M. richardsonii 10825:European mink ( 10742: 10741: 10739: 10729: 10721:American mink ( 10694:Amazon weasel ( 10665: 10623: 10599: 10566: 10549: 10525: 10474: 10451: 10450: 10448: 10432: 10399: 10382: 10352: 10351: 10349: 10337: 10320:Lesser grison ( 10309: 10308: 10306: 10296: 10257: 10175: 10174: 10172: 10162: 10138: 10114: 10088: 10024: 10023: 10021: 10007: 9956: 9908: 9907: 9905: 9897: 9873: 9854: 9841: 9820: 9792: 9759: 9720: 9719: 9717: 9709: 9663: 9662: 9660: 9650: 9613: 9612: 9610: 9600: 9567: 9537: 9504:S. angustifrons 9491: 9490: 9488: 9478: 9451:(stink badgers) 9450: 9449: 9447: 9437: 9429:Striped skunk ( 9404: 9398:C. semistriatus 9358: 9357: 9355: 9335: 9334: 9332: 9324: 9318:Ailurus fulgens 9298: 9265: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9204: 9176: 9175: 9173: 9159: 9135: 9112: 9111: 9109: 9095: 9094: 9092: 9076: 9034: 9001: 8957: 8925: 8924: 8922: 8908: 8906: 8905: 8903: 8891: 8804: 8787: 8763: 8742: 8709: 8683: 8650: 8645: 8643: 8642: 8640: 8636: 8631: 8605: 8601: 8573: 8553: 8536: 8535: 8509: 8458: 8423: 8399: 8370: 8368: 8358: 8337: 8266:Golden jackal ( 8250: 8224: 8186: 8184: 8172: 8103: 8097:Cerdocyon thous 8077: 8053: 8031: 8029: 8016: 8014: 8002: 7967:Rüppell's fox ( 7881: 7879: 7869: 7854:N. procyonoides 7836: 7828:Bat-eared fox ( 7810: 7775: 7771: 7757: 7753: 7721: 7706:H. pulverulenta 7661: 7619: 7575: 7542:U. semitorquata 7497:U. auropunctata 7479: 7440: 7389: 7356: 7339: 7306: 7289: 7251: 7249: 7244: 7243: 7227: 7194: 7177: 7144: 7138:Galidia elegans 7114: 7081: 7041: 7039: 7037: 7027: 7022: 7001: 6993:Spotted hyena ( 6977: 6960:Striped hyena ( 6946: 6944: 6936: 6907: 6905: 6889: 6864: 6824: 6762:Aquatic genet ( 6753:Pardine genet ( 6690:Angolan genet ( 6671: 6669: 6659: 6644:P. richardsonii 6632: 6630: 6607: 6590:Malayan civet ( 6556: 6548:African civet ( 6524: 6523: 6513: 6508: 6507: 6503: 6489: 6447: 6394: 6379:Diplogale hosei 6343: 6330: 6305: 6265: 6183: 6123: 6103: 6093: 6069: 6052: 6025: 6019: 5993:Eurasian lynx ( 5968: 5877: 5844: 5824: 5814: 5781: 5754: 5746: 5741: 5724: 5664: 5616: 5612: 5598: 5571: 5558: 5545: 5526: 5513: 5509: 5497: 5459: 5452: 5414: 5369: 5316:Wayback Machine 5263: 5240: 5215: 5196: 5174: 5155: 5141:Linnaeus, 1758" 5128: 5098: 5041: 5036: 5035: 5026: 5024: 5015: 5014: 5010: 5003: 4983: 4979: 4971: 4962: 4954: 4950: 4940: 4938: 4933: 4932: 4928: 4918: 4916: 4906: 4902: 4893: 4891: 4881: 4877: 4868: 4866: 4856: 4849: 4845:. badger.org.uk 4843:Wayback Machine 4830: 4826: 4817: 4815: 4802: 4801: 4797: 4787: 4785: 4781:UK Government. 4779: 4775: 4766: 4764: 4751: 4750: 4746: 4735: 4728: 4717: 4708: 4700: 4696: 4688: 4681: 4673: 4669: 4662: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4636: 4634: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4617: 4603: 4599: 4592: 4578: 4574: 4567: 4553: 4549: 4542: 4528: 4524: 4508: 4504: 4499: 4495: 4488: 4474: 4470: 4454: 4450: 4419: 4415: 4407: 4398: 4366: 4360: 4356: 4341: 4337: 4319: 4315: 4306: 4302: 4293: 4289: 4280: 4276: 4267: 4263: 4249: 4245: 4236: 4229: 4190: 4186: 4165: 4161: 4148: 4141: 4133: 4129: 4121: 4108: 4100: 4096: 4091: 4087: 4068: 4059: 4051: 4044: 4036: 4032: 4024: 4015: 4007: 3994: 3986: 3982: 3974: 3970: 3962: 3953: 3945: 3936: 3928: 3924: 3916: 3907: 3899: 3886: 3847: 3843: 3808: 3804: 3796: 3785: 3777: 3770: 3765: 3754: 3721:Meles canescens 3715: 3711: 3702: 3700: 3687: 3686: 3679: 3671: 3667: 3659: 3655: 3647: 3643: 3635: 3631: 3623: 3619: 3611: 3602: 3594: 3590: 3582: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3527: 3523: 3480: 3476: 3455:) population". 3449: 3445: 3405: 3395: 3391: 3383: 3376: 3368: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3344: 3335: 3327: 3320: 3305: 3301: 3286: 3282: 3256: 3246: 3237: 3229: 3225: 3210: 3206: 3198: 3194: 3185: 3183: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3155: 3124: 3120: 3112: 3108: 3100: 3096: 3090: 3074: 3070: 3061: 3059: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3037: 3030: 3019:Devoto, Giacomo 3016: 3012: 2997: 2993: 2984: 2982: 2978: 2971: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2946: 2942: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2912: 2905: 2895: 2893: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2873: 2871: 2869:The Independent 2861: 2857: 2847: 2845: 2835: 2831: 2778: 2771: 2726: 2722: 2712: 2710: 2680: 2665: 2660: 2640:shaving brushes 2598: 2570: 2561:Gloucestershire 2528: 2522: 2498: 2492: 2454: 2434:Central Finland 2411: 2372:was popular on 2285:badger family. 2283:anthropomorphic 2262:Kenneth Grahame 2255:Reynard the Fox 2247:German folklore 2243:Cormac mac Airt 2231:Irish mythology 2227: 2195:Kenneth Grahame 2187: 2171: 2108:Paraceras melis 2047:-1, as well as 2015: 1934:Eurasian lynxes 1910: 1873:Surplus killing 1681: 1668: 1622:spermatogenesis 1614:Sexual maturity 1594: 1592: 1561:Spring cleaning 1516: 1510: 1490: 1445: 1427: 1422: 1403:European Russia 1371: 1347:inguinal region 1330: 1305: 1304: 1286:-shaped, their 1275:sagittal crests 1240:Bergmann's rule 1189:small intestine 1142: 1053: 1051: 996: 995: 989: 988: 982: 981: 979:(Satunin, 1905) 975: 974: 967: 966: 965: 959: 958: 952: 951: 945: 944: 938: 937: 931: 930: 924: 923: 917: 915: 836: 772: 763:Systema Naturae 754:scientific name 747: 741:('earth pig'). 481: 352:species in the 346:Eurasian badger 336:European badger 325: 291: 280: 274: 261: 169: 161: 150: 146: 139: 109: 103: 102: 101: 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 75: 70: 65: 60: 55: 50: 45: 40: 29: 28: 25: 24:European badger 17: 12: 11: 5: 11458: 11448: 11447: 11442: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11425:Fauna of Syria 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11397: 11392: 11387: 11370: 11369: 11367: 11366: 11353: 11340: 11327: 11314: 11301: 11288: 11272: 11270: 11264: 11263: 11261: 11260: 11247: 11234: 11221: 11208: 11195: 11182: 11169: 11156: 11143: 11130: 11117: 11104: 11091: 11078: 11065: 11056:Fauna Europaea 11052: 11039: 11026: 11013: 11000: 10990: 10977: 10962: 10946: 10944: 10938: 10937: 10923: 10922: 10919: 10918: 10915: 10914: 10911: 10910: 10907: 10906: 10904: 10903: 10899:M. strigidorsa 10894: 10885: 10876: 10867: 10858: 10852:Least weasel ( 10849: 10840: 10831: 10822: 10813: 10804: 10798:Haida ermine ( 10795: 10786: 10782:M. eversmannii 10777: 10768: 10759: 10749: 10747: 10731: 10730: 10728: 10727: 10718: 10709: 10700: 10690: 10688: 10677: 10671: 10670: 10667: 10666: 10664: 10663: 10654: 10645: 10635: 10633: 10625: 10624: 10622: 10621: 10611: 10609: 10601: 10600: 10598: 10597: 10588: 10578: 10576: 10568: 10567: 10565: 10564: 10554: 10551: 10550: 10548: 10547: 10537: 10535: 10527: 10526: 10524: 10523: 10514: 10510:L. longicaudis 10505: 10499:Marine otter ( 10496: 10486: 10484: 10476: 10475: 10473: 10472: 10462: 10456: 10442: 10441: 10438: 10437: 10434: 10433: 10431: 10430: 10421: 10411: 10409: 10401: 10400: 10398: 10397: 10387: 10384: 10383: 10381: 10380: 10370: 10368: 10357: 10343: 10342: 10339: 10338: 10336: 10335: 10326: 10316: 10314: 10298: 10297: 10295: 10294: 10284: 10278: 10269: 10263: 10262: 10259: 10258: 10256: 10255: 10246: 10237: 10228: 10219: 10213:Beech marten ( 10210: 10201: 10192: 10182: 10180: 10164: 10163: 10161: 10160: 10150: 10148: 10140: 10139: 10137: 10136: 10126: 10124: 10116: 10115: 10113: 10112: 10102: 10096: 10090: 10089: 10087: 10086: 10077: 10068: 10059: 10050: 10041: 10031: 10029: 10013: 10012: 10009: 10008: 10006: 10005: 9996: 9990:Asian badger ( 9987: 9978: 9968: 9966: 9958: 9957: 9955: 9954: 9945: 9936: 9932:A. albogularis 9926: 9924: 9913: 9899: 9898: 9896: 9895: 9889:Honey badger ( 9885: 9883: 9875: 9874: 9872: 9871: 9861: 9855: 9850: 9843: 9842: 9830: 9829: 9826: 9825: 9822: 9821: 9819: 9818: 9817: 9816: 9810: 9808: 9802: 9801: 9798: 9797: 9794: 9793: 9791: 9790: 9781: 9771: 9769: 9761: 9760: 9758: 9757: 9748: 9738: 9736: 9725: 9711: 9710: 9708: 9707: 9698: 9689: 9680: 9670: 9668: 9652: 9651: 9649: 9648: 9639: 9630: 9626:P. cancrivorus 9620: 9618: 9602: 9601: 9599: 9598: 9594:B. sumichrasti 9589: 9579: 9577: 9569: 9568: 9566: 9565: 9555: 9549: 9543: 9542: 9539: 9538: 9536: 9535: 9526: 9517: 9508: 9498: 9496: 9480: 9479: 9477: 9476: 9467: 9457: 9455: 9439: 9438: 9436: 9435: 9426: 9420:Hooded skunk ( 9416: 9414: 9406: 9405: 9403: 9402: 9393: 9384: 9375: 9365: 9363: 9344: 9326: 9325: 9323: 9322: 9312: 9310: 9300: 9299: 9287: 9286: 9283: 9282: 9279: 9278: 9275: 9274: 9271: 9270: 9267: 9266: 9264: 9263: 9254: 9245: 9239:Weddell seal ( 9236: 9230:Leopard seal ( 9226: 9220: 9206: 9205: 9203: 9202: 9193: 9183: 9181: 9165: 9164: 9161: 9160: 9158: 9157: 9147: 9145: 9137: 9136: 9134: 9133: 9123: 9117: 9100: 9086: 9085: 9082: 9081: 9078: 9077: 9075: 9074: 9065: 9056: 9050:Caspian seal ( 9046: 9044: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9032: 9023: 9017:Spotted seal ( 9013: 9011: 9003: 9002: 9000: 8999: 8990: 8981: 8971: 8965: 8959: 8958: 8956: 8955: 8946: 8940:Bearded seal ( 8936: 8930: 8913: 8909:or true seals) 8907:(earless seals 8897: 8896: 8893: 8892: 8890: 8889: 8880: 8871: 8862: 8853: 8844: 8835: 8826: 8816: 8814: 8806: 8805: 8803: 8802: 8792: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8785: 8775: 8773: 8765: 8764: 8762: 8761: 8751: 8748: 8747: 8744: 8743: 8741: 8740: 8731: 8721: 8719: 8711: 8710: 8708: 8707: 8697: 8691: 8685: 8684: 8682: 8681: 8671: 8669: 8658: 8633: 8632: 8630: 8629: 8619: 8617: 8607: 8606: 8591: 8590: 8587: 8586: 8583: 8582: 8579: 8578: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8571: 8570: 8569: 8563: 8561: 8555: 8554: 8552: 8551: 8550: 8549: 8543: 8541: 8525: 8519: 8518: 8515: 8514: 8511: 8510: 8508: 8507: 8498: 8489: 8480: 8470: 8468: 8460: 8459: 8457: 8456: 8447: 8437: 8431: 8425: 8424: 8422: 8421: 8411: 8409: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8397: 8393:A. melanoleuca 8387: 8385: 8374: 8359: 8354: 8351: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8343: 8342: 8339: 8338: 8336: 8335: 8326: 8317: 8311:Eastern wolf ( 8308: 8299: 8293:African wolf ( 8290: 8281: 8275:Domestic dog ( 8272: 8262: 8260: 8252: 8251: 8249: 8248: 8239: 8229: 8226: 8225: 8223: 8222: 8213: 8203: 8201: 8190: 8178: 8177: 8174: 8173: 8171: 8170: 8161: 8155:Sechuran fox ( 8152: 8148:L. gymnocercus 8143: 8134: 8128:Darwin's fox ( 8125: 8115: 8113: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8101: 8092: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8075: 8065: 8063: 8055: 8054: 8052: 8051: 8041: 8035: 8020: 8008: 8007: 8004: 8003: 8001: 8000: 7991: 7982: 7973: 7964: 7955: 7946: 7937: 7928: 7919: 7910: 7901: 7897:V. bengalensis 7891: 7889: 7871: 7870: 7868: 7867: 7858: 7848: 7846: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7824: 7818: 7812: 7811: 7809: 7808: 7799: 7789: 7787: 7776: 7766: 7759: 7758: 7743: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7735: 7734: 7731: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7723: 7722: 7720: 7719: 7710: 7701: 7692: 7683: 7673: 7671: 7663: 7662: 7660: 7659: 7650: 7641: 7637:B. crassicauda 7631: 7629: 7621: 7620: 7618: 7617: 7608: 7599: 7590: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7573: 7564: 7555: 7546: 7537: 7528: 7519: 7510: 7501: 7491: 7489: 7481: 7480: 7478: 7477: 7468: 7458: 7452: 7446: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7439: 7438: 7429: 7420: 7411: 7401: 7399: 7391: 7390: 7388: 7387: 7378: 7368: 7366: 7358: 7357: 7355: 7354: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7337: 7328: 7318: 7316: 7308: 7307: 7305: 7304: 7294: 7291: 7290: 7288: 7287: 7277: 7275: 7264: 7255: 7237: 7236: 7233: 7232: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7225: 7216: 7206: 7204: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7192: 7182: 7179: 7178: 7176: 7175: 7171:G. grandidieri 7166: 7156: 7154: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7142: 7132: 7126: 7120: 7119: 7116: 7115: 7113: 7112: 7103: 7093: 7091: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7070: 7060: 7054: 7045: 7028: 7018: 7015: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7003: 7002: 7000: 6999: 6989: 6987: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6975: 6966: 6956: 6950: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6934: 6924: 6922: 6911: 6891: 6890: 6878: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6870: 6869: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6861: 6860: 6854: 6852: 6842: 6841: 6838: 6837: 6834: 6833: 6830: 6829: 6826: 6825: 6823: 6822: 6813: 6804: 6795: 6786: 6777: 6768: 6759: 6750: 6741: 6735:Letaba genet ( 6732: 6723: 6717:Common genet ( 6714: 6705: 6696: 6687: 6677: 6675: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6648: 6638: 6636: 6619: 6613: 6612: 6609: 6608: 6606: 6605: 6596: 6587: 6578: 6568: 6566: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6554: 6545: 6535: 6529: 6514: 6502: 6495: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6487: 6483:P. zeylonensis 6478: 6469: 6459: 6457: 6449: 6448: 6446: 6445: 6441:Paguma larvata 6436: 6427: 6418: 6408: 6402: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6392: 6383: 6374: 6365: 6355: 6353: 6344: 6339: 6332: 6331: 6319: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6311: 6310: 6307: 6306: 6304: 6303: 6302: 6301: 6295: 6293: 6287: 6286: 6283: 6282: 6279: 6278: 6275: 6274: 6271: 6270: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6263: 6254: 6245: 6236: 6227: 6218: 6212:Domestic cat ( 6209: 6199: 6197: 6189: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6182: 6181: 6172: 6168:P. rubiginosus 6163: 6154: 6145: 6141:P. bengalensis 6135: 6133: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6121: 6115:Pallas's cat ( 6111: 6105: 6099: 6098: 6095: 6094: 6092: 6091: 6081: 6079: 6071: 6070: 6068: 6067: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6051: 6050: 6040: 6038: 6027: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6017: 6008: 6002:Iberian lynx ( 5999: 5990: 5980: 5978: 5970: 5969: 5967: 5966: 5957: 5948: 5939: 5930: 5921: 5912: 5903: 5893: 5891: 5883: 5882: 5879: 5878: 5876: 5875: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5842: 5832: 5826: 5820: 5819: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5812: 5803: 5793: 5791: 5783: 5782: 5780: 5779: 5769: 5767: 5756: 5747: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5722: 5713: 5704: 5695: 5686: 5680:Snow leopard ( 5676: 5674: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5662: 5653: 5643: 5641: 5630: 5617: 5607: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5596: 5587: 5577: 5575: 5559: 5554: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5533: 5527: 5522: 5515: 5514: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5495: 5493:Laurasiatheria 5489: 5483: 5477: 5471: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5451: 5450: 5443: 5436: 5428: 5422: 5421: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5389: 5384: 5375: 5368: 5365: 5364: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5342: 5336: 5330: 5324: 5318: 5306: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5262: 5261:External links 5259: 5258: 5257: 5247:(in Italian). 5233: 5219: 5213: 5200: 5194: 5178: 5172: 5159: 5153: 5132: 5126: 5102: 5096: 5079: 5068:"Badger" 5065:, ed. (1911), 5063:Chisholm, Hugh 5059: 5048:"Badger" 5040: 5037: 5034: 5033: 5008: 5001: 4977: 4960: 4948: 4926: 4900: 4875: 4847: 4824: 4795: 4773: 4744: 4726: 4706: 4694: 4679: 4667: 4660: 4643: 4622: 4615: 4597: 4590: 4584:. Bloomsbury. 4572: 4565: 4547: 4541:978-0006716792 4540: 4532:Prince Caspian 4522: 4511:Beatrix Potter 4502: 4493: 4487:978-1853260179 4486: 4468: 4448: 4429:(9): 751–763. 4413: 4396: 4377:(3): 203–217. 4354: 4335: 4313: 4300: 4287: 4274: 4261: 4243: 4227: 4184: 4159: 4139: 4127: 4106: 4094: 4085: 4057: 4042: 4030: 4013: 3992: 3980: 3968: 3951: 3934: 3930:Macdonald 2001 3922: 3905: 3884: 3857:(3): 203–217. 3841: 3802: 3783: 3779:Macdonald 2001 3768: 3752: 3709: 3677: 3665: 3653: 3641: 3629: 3627:, p. 1214 3617: 3600: 3598:, p. 1238 3588: 3576: 3574:, p. 1272 3564: 3537:(1): 148–158. 3521: 3474: 3463:(3): 437–447. 3443: 3416:(3): 463–472. 3389: 3374: 3362: 3350: 3333: 3318: 3299: 3280: 3267:(2): 133–149. 3235: 3223: 3204: 3192: 3168: 3153: 3118: 3106: 3094: 3068: 3043: 3028: 3010: 2991: 2960: 2940: 2926: 2903: 2881: 2855: 2829: 2769: 2720: 2662: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2644:highland dress 2597: 2594: 2569: 2566: 2521: 2518: 2496:Badger-baiting 2494:Main article: 2491: 2490:Badger-baiting 2488: 2453: 2450: 2410: 2407: 2330:Prince Caspian 2311:Beatrix Potter 2235:shape-shifters 2223:Main article: 2212:Beatrix Potter 2186: 2183: 2170: 2167: 2138:Ixodes ricinus 2120:Pulex irritans 2014: 2011: 1909: 1906: 1757:leatherjackets 1749:ground beetles 1680: 1677: 1667: 1664: 1591: 1588: 1512:Main article: 1509: 1506: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1391:North Caucasus 1370: 1367: 1329: 1326: 1301:dental formula 1282:are small and 1141: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1124: 1117: 1114: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1083: 1080:M. m. heptneri 1076:Kizlyar badger 1072: 1071: 1062: 1060: 1045: 1038:Iberian badger 1034: 1033: 1007: 1003: 935:(Gmelin, 1788) 928:(Gmelin, 1788) 914:Linnaeus, 1758 912: 894: 893: 890: 887: 884: 840:type specimens 835: 832: 816:Stránská Skála 771: 768: 746: 743: 561:Proto-Germanic 480: 477: 469:badger-baiting 399:period. It is 330: 329: 326:Linnaeus, 1758 318: 317: 311: 310: 302: 301: 293: 292: 281: 270: 269: 263: 262: 255: 253: 249: 248: 241: 237: 236: 231: 227: 226: 221: 217: 216: 211: 207: 206: 201: 197: 196: 191: 187: 186: 181: 177: 176: 163: 162: 144: 141: 140: 135: 132: 131: 120: 119: 111: 110: 98: 97: 96: 91: 86: 81: 76: 71: 66: 61: 56: 51: 46: 41: 36: 26: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11457: 11446: 11443: 11441: 11438: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11398: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11382: 11380: 11363: 11358: 11354: 11350: 11345: 11341: 11337: 11332: 11328: 11324: 11319: 11315: 11311: 11306: 11302: 11298: 11293: 11289: 11284: 11278: 11274: 11273: 11271: 11269: 11265: 11257: 11252: 11248: 11244: 11239: 11235: 11231: 11226: 11222: 11218: 11213: 11209: 11205: 11200: 11196: 11192: 11187: 11183: 11179: 11174: 11170: 11166: 11161: 11157: 11153: 11148: 11144: 11140: 11135: 11131: 11127: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11109: 11105: 11101: 11096: 11092: 11088: 11083: 11079: 11075: 11070: 11066: 11062: 11057: 11053: 11049: 11044: 11040: 11036: 11031: 11027: 11023: 11018: 11014: 11010: 11005: 11001: 10997: 10991: 10987: 10982: 10978: 10973: 10967: 10963: 10958: 10952: 10948: 10947: 10945: 10943: 10939: 10935: 10930: 10902: 10900: 10895: 10893: 10891: 10886: 10884: 10882: 10877: 10875: 10873: 10868: 10866: 10864: 10859: 10857: 10855: 10850: 10848: 10846: 10841: 10839: 10837: 10836:M. lutreolina 10832: 10830: 10828: 10823: 10821: 10819: 10814: 10812: 10810: 10805: 10803: 10801: 10796: 10794: 10792: 10787: 10785: 10783: 10778: 10776: 10774: 10769: 10767: 10765: 10760: 10758: 10756: 10751: 10750: 10748: 10738: 10737: 10732: 10726: 10724: 10719: 10717: 10715: 10710: 10708: 10706: 10701: 10699: 10697: 10692: 10691: 10689: 10687: 10686: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10672: 10662: 10660: 10655: 10653: 10651: 10646: 10644: 10642: 10637: 10636: 10634: 10632: 10631: 10626: 10620: 10618: 10613: 10612: 10610: 10608: 10607: 10602: 10596: 10594: 10589: 10587: 10585: 10580: 10579: 10577: 10575: 10574: 10569: 10563: 10561: 10556: 10555: 10552: 10546: 10544: 10539: 10538: 10536: 10534: 10533: 10528: 10522: 10520: 10515: 10513: 10511: 10506: 10504: 10502: 10497: 10495: 10493: 10492:L. canadensis 10488: 10487: 10485: 10483: 10482: 10477: 10471: 10469: 10466:Giant otter ( 10464: 10463: 10460: 10457: 10447: 10443: 10429: 10427: 10422: 10420: 10418: 10413: 10412: 10410: 10408: 10407: 10402: 10396: 10394: 10389: 10388: 10385: 10379: 10377: 10372: 10371: 10369: 10367: 10366: 10361: 10358: 10348: 10344: 10334: 10332: 10327: 10325: 10323: 10318: 10317: 10315: 10305: 10304: 10299: 10293: 10291: 10286: 10285: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10264: 10254: 10252: 10247: 10245: 10243: 10238: 10236: 10234: 10229: 10227: 10225: 10224:M. gwatkinsii 10220: 10218: 10216: 10211: 10209: 10207: 10202: 10200: 10198: 10193: 10191: 10189: 10184: 10183: 10181: 10171: 10170: 10165: 10159: 10157: 10152: 10151: 10149: 10147: 10146: 10141: 10135: 10133: 10128: 10127: 10125: 10123: 10122: 10117: 10111: 10109: 10104: 10103: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10091: 10085: 10083: 10078: 10076: 10074: 10069: 10067: 10065: 10064:M. orientalis 10060: 10058: 10056: 10051: 10049: 10047: 10042: 10040: 10038: 10033: 10032: 10030: 10020: 10019: 10014: 10004: 10002: 9997: 9995: 9993: 9988: 9986: 9984: 9979: 9977: 9975: 9970: 9969: 9967: 9965: 9964: 9959: 9953: 9951: 9946: 9944: 9942: 9937: 9935: 9933: 9928: 9927: 9925: 9923: 9922: 9917: 9914: 9904: 9900: 9894: 9892: 9887: 9886: 9884: 9882: 9881: 9876: 9870: 9868: 9867:Taxidea taxus 9863: 9862: 9859: 9856: 9853: 9848: 9844: 9840: 9835: 9831: 9814: 9813: 9812: 9811: 9809: 9807: 9803: 9789: 9787: 9782: 9780: 9778: 9777:N. meridensis 9773: 9772: 9770: 9768: 9767: 9762: 9756: 9754: 9749: 9747: 9745: 9740: 9739: 9737: 9735: 9734: 9729: 9726: 9716: 9712: 9706: 9704: 9699: 9697: 9695: 9690: 9688: 9686: 9681: 9679: 9677: 9672: 9671: 9669: 9659: 9658: 9653: 9647: 9645: 9640: 9638: 9636: 9631: 9629: 9627: 9622: 9621: 9619: 9609: 9608: 9603: 9597: 9595: 9590: 9588: 9586: 9581: 9580: 9578: 9576: 9575: 9570: 9564: 9562: 9557: 9556: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9544: 9534: 9532: 9527: 9525: 9523: 9518: 9516: 9514: 9509: 9507: 9505: 9500: 9499: 9497: 9487: 9486: 9481: 9475: 9473: 9468: 9466: 9464: 9463:M. javanensis 9459: 9458: 9456: 9446: 9445: 9440: 9434: 9432: 9427: 9425: 9423: 9418: 9417: 9415: 9413: 9412: 9407: 9401: 9399: 9394: 9392: 9390: 9389:C. leuconotus 9385: 9383: 9381: 9380:C. humboldtii 9376: 9374: 9372: 9367: 9366: 9364: 9354: 9353: 9348: 9345: 9339: 9331: 9327: 9321: 9319: 9314: 9313: 9311: 9309: 9305: 9301: 9297: 9292: 9288: 9262: 9260: 9255: 9253: 9251: 9246: 9244: 9242: 9237: 9235: 9233: 9228: 9227: 9224: 9221: 9211: 9207: 9201: 9199: 9194: 9192: 9190: 9185: 9184: 9182: 9172: 9171: 9166: 9156: 9154: 9149: 9148: 9146: 9144: 9143: 9138: 9132: 9130: 9125: 9124: 9121: 9118: 9108: 9104: 9101: 9091: 9087: 9073: 9071: 9068:Baikal seal ( 9066: 9064: 9062: 9059:Ringed seal ( 9057: 9055: 9053: 9048: 9047: 9045: 9043: 9042: 9037: 9031: 9029: 9026:Harbor seal ( 9024: 9022: 9020: 9015: 9014: 9012: 9010: 9009: 9004: 8998: 8996: 8991: 8989: 8987: 8984:Ribbon seal ( 8982: 8980: 8978: 8973: 8972: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8960: 8954: 8952: 8949:Hooded seal ( 8947: 8945: 8943: 8938: 8937: 8934: 8931: 8921: 8917: 8914: 8902: 8898: 8888: 8886: 8885:A. tropicalis 8881: 8879: 8877: 8872: 8870: 8868: 8863: 8861: 8859: 8854: 8852: 8850: 8845: 8843: 8841: 8836: 8834: 8832: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8818: 8817: 8815: 8813: 8812: 8811:Arctocephalus 8807: 8801: 8799: 8794: 8793: 8790: 8784: 8782: 8777: 8776: 8774: 8772: 8771: 8766: 8760: 8758: 8753: 8752: 8749: 8739: 8737: 8736:Z. wollebaeki 8732: 8730: 8728: 8723: 8722: 8720: 8718: 8717: 8712: 8706: 8704: 8699: 8698: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8686: 8680: 8678: 8673: 8672: 8670: 8668: 8667: 8662: 8659: 8653: 8648: 8644:(eared seals: 8639: 8634: 8628: 8626: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8616: 8612: 8608: 8604: 8596: 8592: 8567: 8566: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8560: 8556: 8547: 8546: 8545: 8544: 8542: 8533: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8520: 8506: 8504: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8490: 8488: 8486: 8485:U. thibetanus 8481: 8479: 8477: 8476:U. americanus 8472: 8471: 8469: 8467: 8466: 8461: 8455: 8453: 8448: 8446: 8444: 8439: 8438: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8426: 8420: 8418: 8413: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8407: 8402: 8396: 8394: 8391:Giant panda ( 8389: 8388: 8386: 8384: 8383: 8378: 8375: 8367: 8363: 8360: 8357: 8352: 8334: 8332: 8327: 8325: 8323: 8318: 8316: 8314: 8309: 8307: 8305: 8300: 8298: 8296: 8291: 8289: 8287: 8282: 8280: 8278: 8277:C. familiaris 8273: 8271: 8269: 8264: 8263: 8261: 8259: 8258: 8253: 8247: 8245: 8240: 8238: 8236: 8235:Lycaon pictus 8231: 8230: 8227: 8221: 8219: 8214: 8212: 8210: 8205: 8204: 8202: 8200: 8199: 8194: 8191: 8183: 8179: 8169: 8167: 8162: 8160: 8158: 8153: 8151: 8149: 8144: 8142: 8140: 8135: 8133: 8131: 8126: 8124: 8122: 8117: 8116: 8114: 8112: 8111: 8106: 8100: 8098: 8093: 8091: 8089: 8084: 8083: 8080: 8074: 8072: 8067: 8066: 8064: 8062: 8061: 8056: 8050: 8048: 8043: 8042: 8039: 8036: 8028: 8024: 8021: 8013: 8009: 7999: 7997: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7983: 7981: 7979: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7965: 7963: 7961: 7956: 7954: 7952: 7947: 7945: 7943: 7938: 7936: 7934: 7931:Tibetan fox ( 7929: 7927: 7925: 7920: 7918: 7916: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7902: 7900: 7898: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7885: 7878: 7877: 7872: 7866: 7864: 7863:N. viverrinus 7859: 7857: 7855: 7850: 7849: 7847: 7845: 7844: 7839: 7833: 7831: 7826: 7825: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7813: 7807: 7805: 7804:U. littoralis 7800: 7798: 7796: 7791: 7790: 7788: 7786: 7785: 7780: 7777: 7769: 7764: 7760: 7756: 7748: 7744: 7718: 7716: 7711: 7709: 7707: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7693: 7691: 7689: 7684: 7682: 7680: 7679:H. flavescens 7675: 7674: 7672: 7670: 7669: 7664: 7658: 7656: 7651: 7649: 7647: 7642: 7640: 7638: 7633: 7632: 7630: 7628: 7627: 7622: 7616: 7614: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7600: 7598: 7596: 7591: 7589: 7587: 7582: 7581: 7578: 7572: 7570: 7569:U. vitticolla 7565: 7563: 7561: 7556: 7554: 7552: 7547: 7545: 7543: 7538: 7536: 7534: 7529: 7527: 7525: 7520: 7518: 7516: 7511: 7509: 7507: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7488: 7487: 7482: 7476: 7474: 7473:Xenogale naso 7469: 7467: 7465: 7460: 7459: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7447: 7437: 7435: 7430: 7428: 7426: 7421: 7419: 7417: 7412: 7410: 7408: 7403: 7402: 7400: 7398: 7397: 7392: 7386: 7384: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7370: 7369: 7367: 7365: 7364: 7359: 7353: 7351: 7346: 7345: 7342: 7336: 7334: 7329: 7327: 7325: 7320: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7314: 7309: 7303: 7301: 7296: 7295: 7292: 7286: 7284: 7279: 7278: 7276: 7274: 7273: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7259: 7256: 7247: 7246:sensu stricto 7242: 7238: 7224: 7222: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7202: 7197: 7191: 7189: 7184: 7183: 7180: 7174: 7172: 7167: 7165: 7163: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7152: 7147: 7141: 7139: 7134: 7133: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7121: 7111: 7109: 7104: 7102: 7100: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7090: 7089: 7084: 7078: 7076: 7075:Fossa fossana 7071: 7069: 7067: 7062: 7061: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7036: 7032: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7016: 6998: 6996: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6985: 6980: 6974: 6972: 6969:Brown hyena ( 6967: 6965: 6963: 6962:Hyaena hyaena 6958: 6957: 6954: 6951: 6943: 6939: 6933: 6931: 6926: 6925: 6923: 6921: 6920: 6915: 6912: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6883: 6879: 6858: 6857: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6847: 6843: 6821: 6819: 6814: 6812: 6810: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6796: 6794: 6792: 6789:Hausa genet ( 6787: 6785: 6783: 6778: 6776: 6774: 6769: 6767: 6765: 6760: 6758: 6756: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6742: 6740: 6738: 6733: 6731: 6729: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6715: 6713: 6711: 6706: 6704: 6702: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6692:G. angolensis 6688: 6686: 6684: 6683:G. abyssinica 6679: 6678: 6676: 6668: 6667: 6662: 6656: 6654: 6649: 6647: 6645: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6629: 6628: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6614: 6604: 6602: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6592:V. tangalunga 6588: 6586: 6584: 6579: 6577: 6575: 6570: 6569: 6567: 6565: 6564: 6559: 6553: 6551: 6546: 6544: 6542: 6537: 6536: 6533: 6530: 6527: 6526:sensu stricto 6522: 6518: 6515: 6511: 6506: 6500: 6496: 6486: 6484: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6470: 6468: 6466: 6461: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6455: 6450: 6444: 6442: 6437: 6435: 6433: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6419: 6417: 6415: 6410: 6409: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6400:Paradoxurinae 6397: 6391: 6389: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6375: 6373: 6371: 6368:Otter civet ( 6366: 6364: 6362: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6342: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6324: 6320: 6299: 6298: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6288: 6262: 6260: 6259:F. silvestris 6255: 6253: 6251: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6195: 6190: 6180: 6178: 6177:P. viverrinus 6175:Fishing cat ( 6173: 6171: 6169: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6155: 6153: 6151: 6150:P. javanensis 6146: 6144: 6142: 6139:Leopard cat ( 6137: 6136: 6134: 6132: 6131: 6126: 6120: 6118: 6113: 6112: 6109: 6106: 6100: 6090: 6088: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6077: 6072: 6066: 6064: 6059: 6058: 6055: 6049: 6047: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6036: 6031: 6028: 6022: 6016: 6014: 6009: 6007: 6005: 6000: 5998: 5996: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5986:L. canadensis 5984:Canada lynx ( 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5976: 5971: 5965: 5963: 5958: 5956: 5954: 5949: 5947: 5945: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5922: 5920: 5918: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5895: 5894: 5892: 5890: 5889: 5884: 5874: 5872: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5852: 5847: 5841: 5839: 5834: 5833: 5830: 5827: 5821: 5811: 5809: 5808:C. temminckii 5804: 5802: 5800: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5784: 5778: 5776: 5773:Marbled cat ( 5771: 5770: 5768: 5766: 5765: 5760: 5757: 5751: 5748: 5744: 5743:sensu stricto 5740: 5735: 5721: 5719: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5678: 5677: 5675: 5673: 5672: 5667: 5661: 5659: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5639: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5625: 5621: 5618: 5610: 5605: 5601: 5595: 5593: 5592:P. pardicolor 5588: 5586: 5584: 5579: 5578: 5576: 5569: 5568: 5563: 5560: 5557: 5552: 5548: 5542: 5540: 5535: 5534: 5531: 5528: 5525: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5504: 5500: 5494: 5490: 5488: 5484: 5482: 5478: 5476: 5472: 5470: 5466: 5465: 5462: 5457: 5449: 5444: 5442: 5437: 5435: 5430: 5429: 5426: 5420: 5416: 5415: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5395: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5381: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5346: 5343: 5340: 5339:Waarneming.nl 5337: 5334: 5331: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5313: 5310: 5307: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5268: 5265: 5264: 5254: 5250: 5246: 5239: 5234: 5230: 5229: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5214:9780002193993 5210: 5206: 5201: 5197: 5195:0-19-850823-9 5191: 5187: 5183: 5182:Macdonald, D. 5179: 5175: 5173:0-00-212080-1 5169: 5165: 5160: 5156: 5154:90-04-08876-8 5150: 5146: 5142: 5140: 5133: 5129: 5127:9781351499484 5123: 5119: 5115: 5113: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5080: 5076: 5075: 5069: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5022: 5018: 5012: 5004: 4998: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4981: 4974: 4969: 4967: 4965: 4957: 4952: 4936: 4930: 4915: 4911: 4904: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4865: 4861: 4854: 4852: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4828: 4814:on 2009-08-14 4813: 4809: 4805: 4799: 4784: 4777: 4763:on 2009-05-01 4762: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4741: 4739: 4733: 4731: 4723: 4721: 4715: 4713: 4711: 4703: 4698: 4691: 4686: 4684: 4676: 4671: 4663: 4661:951-773-085-3 4657: 4653: 4647: 4632: 4626: 4618: 4616:0-09-941714-6 4612: 4608: 4601: 4593: 4591:0-7475-3269-9 4587: 4583: 4576: 4568: 4566:1-4052-2552-1 4562: 4558: 4551: 4543: 4537: 4533: 4526: 4520: 4519:0-8057-6917-X 4516: 4512: 4506: 4497: 4489: 4483: 4479: 4472: 4466: 4465:0-8160-4524-0 4462: 4458: 4452: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4417: 4411:, p. 435 4410: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4365: 4358: 4350: 4346: 4339: 4333: 4332:1-886106-81-9 4329: 4325: 4324: 4317: 4310: 4304: 4297: 4291: 4284: 4278: 4271: 4265: 4258: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4240: 4234: 4232: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4188: 4181: 4177: 4176:and roe deer 4173: 4169: 4163: 4156: 4152: 4146: 4144: 4136: 4131: 4124: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4111: 4103: 4098: 4089: 4081: 4077: 4075: 4070:Wang, Annie. 4066: 4064: 4062: 4054: 4049: 4047: 4039: 4034: 4027: 4022: 4020: 4018: 4010: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3989: 3984: 3977: 3972: 3965: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3948: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3932:, p. 116 3931: 3926: 3920:, p. 431 3919: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3903:, p. 432 3902: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3845: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3806: 3799: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3781:, p. 117 3780: 3775: 3773: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3757: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3722: 3713: 3699:on 2016-03-04 3698: 3694: 3692: 3684: 3682: 3674: 3669: 3662: 3657: 3650: 3645: 3638: 3633: 3626: 3621: 3615:, p. 428 3614: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3597: 3592: 3585: 3580: 3573: 3568: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3525: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3487: 3478: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3447: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3404: 3402: 3393: 3386: 3381: 3379: 3371: 3366: 3359: 3354: 3347: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3331:, p. 427 3330: 3325: 3323: 3314: 3310: 3303: 3296:(2): 499–505. 3295: 3291: 3284: 3275: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3255: 3253: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3232: 3227: 3219: 3215: 3208: 3201: 3196: 3182: 3178: 3172: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3150: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3139:Wilson, D. E. 3136: 3134: 3128: 3122: 3115: 3110: 3103: 3098: 3087: 3083: 3081: 3072: 3057: 3053: 3047: 3040: 3035: 3033: 3024: 3020: 3014: 3006: 3002: 2995: 2981:on 2015-09-24 2977: 2970: 2964: 2958: 2957:0-85661-082-8 2954: 2950: 2944: 2929: 2927:0-19-861186-2 2923: 2919: 2918: 2910: 2908: 2891: 2885: 2870: 2866: 2859: 2844: 2840: 2833: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2776: 2774: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2724: 2708: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2694: 2689: 2687: 2678: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2663: 2655: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2631: 2626: 2624: 2623: 2617: 2615: 2607: 2606:shaving brush 2602: 2593: 2587: 2582: 2574: 2565: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2527: 2517: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2497: 2487: 2485: 2482:, as well as 2481: 2480:blunt traumas 2476: 2472: 2463: 2458: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2420: 2415: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2395: 2390: 2386: 2381: 2379: 2378:mashed potato 2375: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2331: 2326: 2322: 2321:Trufflehunter 2318: 2317: 2313:'s 1912 book 2312: 2307: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2279:Lillian Hoban 2276: 2271: 2269: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2219: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2202: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2182: 2180: 2179:least concern 2176: 2166: 2164: 2163: 2158: 2157: 2152: 2151: 2146: 2145: 2140: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2100:Ectoparasites 2097: 2093: 2089: 2084: 2082: 2081:lymphosarcoma 2078: 2077:polyarthritis 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2022: 2021: 2010: 2007: 2003: 2002:Clanga clanga 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1974:Golden eagles 1971: 1967: 1966:Vulpes vulpes 1963: 1959: 1955: 1954:C. familiaris 1951: 1950:domestic dogs 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1919: 1914: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1890: 1880: 1876: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1676: 1673: 1663: 1660: 1656: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1576: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1536: 1528: 1520: 1515: 1505: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1439: 1431: 1417: 1415: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1379:Asian badgers 1375: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1339: 1334: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1302: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1278:diets. Their 1276: 1272: 1263: 1259: 1257: 1253: 1252:monochromatic 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1220: 1216: 1214: 1213:honey badgers 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1174: 1165: 1157: 1151: 1146: 1133: 1129: 1126:Southwestern 1125: 1122: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1111: 1105: 1104:M. m. milleri 1101: 1098: 1097: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1055:mediterraneus 1049: 1046: 1043: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1002: 999: 993:(Ognev, 1926) 992: 986:(Ognev, 1926) 985: 978: 970: 962: 955: 948: 941: 934: 927: 920: 913: 911: 909: 903: 899: 898:Common badger 896: 895: 891: 888: 885: 882: 878: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 849: 845: 841: 831: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 778:of the early 777: 776:Meles thorali 767: 765: 764: 759: 758:Carl Linnaeus 755: 751: 742: 739: 734: 728: 725: 721: 716: 712: 707: 703: 698: 694: 689: 683: 679: 674: 670: 666: 662: 657: 652: 649: 644: 638: 632: 626: 620: 615: 610: 607: 603: 600: 595: 591: 586: 582: 577: 573: 568: 562: 557: 552: 547: 543: 538: 534: 530: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 506: 503: 498: 494: 490: 486: 476: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 417: 415: 410: 406: 402: 398: 392: 390: 386: 382: 378: 377:IUCN Red List 374: 373:least concern 370: 367:and parts of 366: 362: 358: 355: 351: 347: 343: 342: 337: 328: 324: 319: 316: 312: 308: 303: 299: 294: 289: 285: 279: 277: 271: 268: 267:Binomial name 264: 260: 259: 258:M. meles 254: 251: 250: 247: 246: 242: 239: 238: 235: 232: 229: 228: 225: 222: 219: 218: 215: 212: 209: 208: 205: 202: 199: 198: 195: 192: 189: 188: 185: 182: 179: 178: 173: 168: 164: 158: 153: 152:Least Concern 142: 138: 133: 130: 126: 121: 117: 112: 107: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 49: 44: 39: 33: 22: 19: 11267: 10941: 10898: 10889: 10880: 10871: 10862: 10853: 10844: 10835: 10826: 10817: 10808: 10799: 10790: 10781: 10772: 10763: 10754: 10734: 10722: 10713: 10704: 10695: 10683: 10658: 10649: 10640: 10628: 10616: 10604: 10593:L. sumatrana 10592: 10583: 10571: 10559: 10542: 10530: 10518: 10509: 10500: 10491: 10479: 10467: 10425: 10416: 10404: 10392: 10376:V. peregusna 10375: 10363: 10330: 10321: 10301: 10289: 10276:Lyncodontini 10267:Ictonychinae 10251:M. zibellina 10250: 10241: 10232: 10223: 10214: 10206:M. flavigula 10205: 10196: 10188:M. americana 10187: 10167: 10155: 10143: 10131: 10119: 10108:Eira barbara 10107: 10081: 10073:M. personata 10072: 10063: 10054: 10045: 10036: 10016: 10000: 9998: 9991: 9983:M. canescens 9982: 9973: 9961: 9949: 9940: 9931: 9919: 9890: 9878: 9866: 9785: 9776: 9764: 9752: 9743: 9731: 9702: 9693: 9684: 9675: 9655: 9643: 9634: 9625: 9605: 9593: 9592:Cacomistle ( 9584: 9572: 9561:Potos flavus 9560: 9530: 9521: 9512: 9503: 9483: 9471: 9462: 9442: 9430: 9421: 9409: 9397: 9388: 9379: 9370: 9350: 9317: 9258: 9249: 9240: 9231: 9197: 9188: 9168: 9152: 9140: 9128: 9113:(monk seals) 9069: 9060: 9051: 9039: 9027: 9018: 9006: 8994: 8985: 8976: 8950: 8941: 8884: 8876:A. townsendi 8875: 8866: 8858:A. philippii 8857: 8848: 8839: 8830: 8822:A. australis 8821: 8809: 8797: 8780: 8768: 8756: 8735: 8726: 8714: 8702: 8676: 8664: 8624: 8503:U. maritimus 8502: 8501:Polar bear ( 8493: 8492:Brown bear ( 8484: 8475: 8463: 8451: 8442: 8441:Sloth bear ( 8416: 8404: 8392: 8380: 8330: 8321: 8312: 8303: 8294: 8285: 8276: 8267: 8255: 8244:Cuon alpinus 8243: 8234: 8218:L. mesomelas 8217: 8208: 8196: 8165: 8156: 8147: 8146:Pampas fox ( 8138: 8129: 8120: 8108: 8096: 8087: 8071:S. venaticus 8070: 8058: 8046: 8045:Maned wolf ( 8027:Cerdocyonina 7995: 7994:Fennec fox ( 7986: 7977: 7969:V. rueppelli 7968: 7959: 7950: 7941: 7940:Arctic fox ( 7933:V. ferrilata 7932: 7923: 7922:Corsac fox ( 7914: 7905: 7896: 7895:Bengal fox ( 7874: 7862: 7853: 7841: 7829: 7803: 7802:Island fox ( 7794: 7782: 7715:H. sanguinea 7714: 7705: 7696: 7688:H. ichneumon 7687: 7678: 7666: 7654: 7645: 7636: 7624: 7612: 7603: 7594: 7585: 7568: 7559: 7550: 7541: 7532: 7523: 7515:U. edwardsii 7514: 7506:U. brachyura 7505: 7496: 7484: 7472: 7463: 7433: 7424: 7415: 7407:C. alexandri 7406: 7394: 7382: 7373: 7361: 7349: 7332: 7324:M. gambianus 7323: 7311: 7299: 7283:S. suricatta 7282: 7270: 7245: 7220: 7211: 7199: 7187: 7170: 7161: 7149: 7137: 7107: 7098: 7086: 7074: 7065: 7042:carnivorans) 7023: 6994: 6982: 6970: 6961: 6929: 6917: 6887:Herpestoidea 6850:Herpestoidea 6817: 6809:G. victoriae 6808: 6799: 6798:Cape genet ( 6790: 6782:G. servalina 6781: 6772: 6771:King genet ( 6764:G. piscivora 6763: 6754: 6745: 6736: 6728:G. johnstoni 6727: 6718: 6709: 6700: 6691: 6682: 6664: 6653:P. leightoni 6652: 6643: 6625: 6600: 6591: 6583:V. megaspila 6582: 6574:V. civettina 6573: 6561: 6549: 6540: 6525: 6509: 6482: 6473: 6464: 6452: 6440: 6431: 6422: 6413: 6387: 6378: 6369: 6360: 6258: 6249: 6241:F. margarita 6240: 6231: 6222: 6221:Jungle cat ( 6213: 6204: 6192: 6176: 6167: 6159:P. planiceps 6158: 6149: 6140: 6130:Prionailurus 6128: 6116: 6086: 6074: 6062: 6061:Jaguarundi ( 6045: 6033: 6012: 6003: 5994: 5985: 5973: 5961: 5952: 5943: 5934: 5925: 5916: 5908:L. geoffroyi 5907: 5898: 5897:Pampas cat ( 5886: 5870: 5861: 5849: 5837: 5807: 5798: 5786: 5775:P. marmorata 5774: 5762: 5742: 5717: 5708: 5699: 5690: 5681: 5669: 5657: 5648: 5636: 5591: 5582: 5565: 5538: 5491:Superorder: 5485:Infraclass: 5393: 5379: 5244: 5227: 5223:Pease, A. E. 5204: 5185: 5163: 5144: 5138: 5117: 5111: 5110:"The Badger 5087: 5082:Harris, S.; 5072: 5052: 5025:. Retrieved 5023:. 2007-06-24 5020: 5011: 4991: 4987: 4980: 4951: 4939:. Retrieved 4929: 4917:. Retrieved 4914:The Guardian 4913: 4903: 4892:. Retrieved 4889:The Guardian 4888: 4878: 4867:. Retrieved 4863: 4833: 4827: 4816:. Retrieved 4812:the original 4808:OPSI website 4807: 4798: 4786:. Retrieved 4776: 4765:. Retrieved 4761:the original 4757:OPSI website 4756: 4747: 4737: 4719: 4704:, p. 36 4697: 4677:(in Finnish) 4670: 4651: 4646: 4635:. Retrieved 4625: 4606: 4600: 4581: 4575: 4556: 4550: 4531: 4525: 4510: 4505: 4496: 4477: 4471: 4456: 4451: 4426: 4422: 4416: 4374: 4370: 4357: 4348: 4344: 4338: 4321: 4316: 4308: 4303: 4295: 4290: 4282: 4277: 4269: 4264: 4255: 4246: 4238: 4201: 4197: 4187: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4162: 4154: 4150: 4137:, p. 62 4130: 4097: 4088: 4079: 4073: 4033: 3990:, p. 45 3983: 3978:, p. 83 3971: 3925: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3805: 3733:(1): 44–58. 3730: 3726: 3720: 3712: 3701:. Retrieved 3697:the original 3690: 3675:, p. 27 3668: 3663:, p. 35 3656: 3651:, p. 29 3644: 3639:, p. 29 3632: 3620: 3591: 3586:, p. 25 3579: 3567: 3534: 3530: 3524: 3498:(1): 59–72. 3495: 3491: 3485: 3477: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3446: 3413: 3409: 3400: 3392: 3372:, p. 24 3365: 3360:, p. 23 3353: 3312: 3308: 3302: 3293: 3289: 3283: 3264: 3260: 3251: 3226: 3217: 3207: 3195: 3184:. Retrieved 3180: 3171: 3143: 3132: 3121: 3109: 3097: 3085: 3079: 3071: 3060:. Retrieved 3055: 3046: 3022: 3013: 3004: 2994: 2983:. Retrieved 2976:the original 2963: 2948: 2943: 2931:. Retrieved 2916: 2894:. Retrieved 2884: 2872:. Retrieved 2868: 2858: 2846:. Retrieved 2842: 2832: 2789: 2785: 2737: 2733: 2723: 2711:. Retrieved 2697: 2691: 2685: 2633: 2628: 2620: 2618: 2611: 2590: 2529: 2499: 2471:Fox Terriers 2467: 2461: 2426:coat of arms 2423: 2392: 2385:Bosnian Serb 2382: 2367: 2361: 2357:Harry Potter 2355: 2349: 2343: 2328: 2314: 2308: 2298:, the young 2293: 2287: 2272: 2265: 2259: 2228: 2215: 2198: 2172: 2169:Conservation 2160: 2154: 2150:I. hexagonus 2148: 2142: 2136: 2127: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2085: 2042: 2037: 2029: 2018: 2016: 2006:Raccoon dogs 2001: 1993: 1985: 1977: 1970:commensalism 1965: 1953: 1946:Ursus arctos 1945: 1937: 1929: 1923: 1885: 1826: 1803:strawberries 1787:blackberries 1770:Vespula rufa 1768: 1753:caterpillars 1711:, including 1682: 1672:winter sleep 1669: 1666:Winter sleep 1651: 1608: 1577: 1568:conspecifics 1565: 1537: 1533: 1502: 1472: 1459: 1411: 1376: 1372: 1343: 1318:Scent glands 1316: 1288:canine teeth 1268: 1221: 1217: 1182: 1170: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1079: 1075: 1054: 1052: 1041: 1037: 997: 990: 983: 976: 968: 960: 953: 946: 939: 932: 925: 918: 916: 905: 901: 897: 889:Description 875:M. canescens 874: 866: 862: 858: 854: 853:, but four ( 837: 775: 773: 761: 749: 748: 738:mochyn daear 729: 653:, replacing 601: 551:Proto-Celtic 507: 492: 482: 479:Nomenclature 461:raccoon dogs 418: 397:winter sleep 393: 388: 384: 369:Central Asia 345: 340: 339: 335: 333: 322: 321: 275: 273: 257: 256: 244: 18: 11268:Ursus meles 11238:SeaLifeBase 11095:iNaturalist 10986:Meles_meles 10972:Meles meles 10966:Wikispecies 10942:Meles meles 10890:M. sibirica 10872:M. putorius 10845:M. nigripes 10827:M. lutreola 10800:M. haidarum 10696:N. africana 10659:A. congicus 10650:A. cinereus 10641:A. capensis 10541:Sea otter ( 10519:L. provocax 10426:I. striatus 10347:Ictonychini 10242:M. melampus 10154:Wolverine ( 10132:P. pennanti 10055:M. moschata 10046:M. everetti 9992:M. leucurus 9950:A. hoevenii 9941:A. collaris 9891:M. capensis 9786:N. olivacea 9701:Olinguito ( 9657:Bassaricyon 9644:P. pygmaeus 9574:Bassariscus 9547:Procyonidae 9522:S. putorius 9513:S. gracilis 9431:M. mephitis 9422:M. macroura 9316:Red panda ( 9296:Musteloidea 9257:Ross seal ( 9210:Lobodontini 9142:Neomonachus 9070:P. sibirica 9028:P. vitulina 8993:Grey seal ( 8975:Harp seal ( 8867:A. pusillus 8831:A. forsteri 8666:Callorhinus 8600:Pinnipedia 8559:Musteloidea 8331:C. simensis 8295:C. lupaster 8164:Hoary fox ( 8157:L. sechurae 8130:L. fulvipes 8121:L. culpaeus 8017:(true dogs) 7976:Swift fox ( 7951:V. macrotis 7843:Nyctereutes 7752:Caniformia 7697:H. ochracea 7655:B. nigripes 7646:B. jacksoni 7533:U. javanica 7450:Herpestinae 7425:C. obscurus 7416:C. ansorgei 7396:Crossarchus 7252:(mongooses) 7241:Herpestidae 7221:S. durrelli 7212:S. concolor 7162:G. fasciata 7099:E. goudotii 7020:Herpestidae 6930:P. cristata 6791:G. thierryi 6746:G. maculata 6710:G. cristata 6701:G. bourloni 6454:Paradoxurus 6412:Binturong ( 6351:Hemigalinae 6328:Viverroidea 6291:Viverroidea 6250:F. nigripes 6102:Leopard cat 6087:P. concolor 6004:L. pardinus 5953:L. tigrinus 5944:L. pardalis 5935:L. jacobita 5926:L. guttulus 5899:L. colocola 5658:N. nebulosa 5628:Pantherinae 5508:Feliformia 5139:Meles meles 5112:Meles meles 5039:Works cited 4990:Meles Meles 4937:. BBC. 2013 4834:Meles meles 4609:. Red Fox. 4221:10261/50290 4174:Alces alces 4170:Canis lupus 4153:Meles meles 4074:Meles meles 3812:Meles meles 3691:Meles meles 3515:10261/50772 3486:Meles meles 3453:Meles meles 3401:Meles meles 3315:(2): 10–13. 3133:Meles meles 3102:Kurtén 1968 3080:Ursus meles 2896:21 November 2874:21 November 2848:21 November 2713:19 November 2686:Meles meles 2614:Smoked hams 2568:Tameability 2502:blood sport 2389:Petar Kočić 2325:C. S. Lewis 2323:appears in 2300:King Arthur 2290:T. H. White 2281:depicts an 2162:I. melicula 2156:I. reduvius 2144:I. canisuga 2045:herpesvirus 1942:brown bears 1930:Canis lupus 1926:Grey wolves 1795:raspberries 1647:waterlogged 1480:crepuscular 1463:territories 1399:hybrid zone 1383:Volga River 1363:Erythristic 1338:erythristic 1292:carnassials 1173:plantigrade 1140:Description 1027:Ciscaucasia 977:britannicus 902:M. m. meles 883:Subspecies 824:carnassials 780:Pleistocene 750:Ursus meles 510:Old English 465:blood sport 385:M. m. meles 341:Meles meles 323:Ursus meles 276:Meles meles 30:0.7–0 11379:Categories 11283:Q106448115 10863:M. nudipes 10854:M. nivalis 10818:M. kathiah 10773:M. erminea 10764:M. altaica 10714:N. frenata 10705:N. felipei 10675:Mustelinae 10417:I. libycus 10331:G. vittata 10197:M. caurina 9974:M. anakuma 9852:Mustelidae 9839:Mustelidae 9815:see below↓ 9806:Mustelidae 9703:B. neblina 9614:(raccoons) 9585:B. astutus 9583:Ringtail ( 9559:Kinkajou ( 9531:S. pygmaea 9472:M. marchei 9330:Mephitidae 9198:M. leonina 9090:Monachinae 9061:P. hispida 9052:P. caspica 8849:A. gazella 8781:N. cinerea 8677:C. ursinus 8615:Odobenidae 8568:see below↓ 8548:see below↓ 8532:Pinnipedia 8450:Sun bear ( 8417:T. ornatus 8406:Tremarctos 8382:Ailuropoda 8320:Red wolf ( 8286:C. latrans 8209:L. adustus 8166:L. vetulus 8139:L. griseus 8069:Bush dog ( 7960:V. pallida 7958:Pale fox ( 7942:V. lagopus 7913:Cape fox ( 7793:Gray fox ( 7551:U. smithii 7383:H. parvula 7374:H. hirtula 7262:Mungotinae 7151:Galidictis 7124:Galidiinae 7052:Euplerinae 7035:Eupleridae 7024:sensu lato 6995:C. crocuta 6928:Aardwolf ( 6859:see below↓ 6800:G. tigrina 6773:G. poensis 6755:G. pardina 6737:G. letabae 6719:G. genetta 6617:Genettinae 6601:V. zibetha 6521:Viverrinae 6510:sensu lato 6505:Viverrinae 6474:P. jerdoni 6341:Viverridae 6300:see below↓ 6239:Sand cat ( 6046:A. jubatus 5871:C. caracal 5764:Pardofelis 5583:P. linsang 5524:Feliformia 5205:The Badger 5106:Kurtén, B. 5084:Yalden, D. 5027:2013-07-11 4956:Pease 1898 4941:August 30, 4919:August 30, 4894:2013-08-30 4869:2013-08-30 4818:2009-06-16 4788:October 7, 4767:2009-06-16 4702:Pease 1898 4637:2013-06-20 4351:: 689–695. 4204:(5): 899. 4135:Pease 1898 3988:Pease 1898 3703:2013-07-07 3661:Pease 1898 3649:Pease 1898 3370:Pease 1898 3186:2021-06-25 3091:(in Latin) 3062:2013-10-05 2985:2015-06-19 2658:References 2630:disorders. 2548:John Krebs 2524:See also: 2475:Dachshunds 2442:Nurmijärvi 2403:Banja Luka 2346:Colin Dann 2339:King Miraz 2251:Philistine 2088:trematodes 1902:bee stings 1893:game birds 1843:including 1833:amphibians 1791:bilberries 1765:bumblebees 1707:and small 1689:Earthworms 1655:milk teeth 1631:monogamous 1389:is in the 1271:braincases 1209:wolverines 1130:, west of 984:caucasicus 844:subspecies 834:Subspecies 796:Süssenborn 711:Portuguese 429:earthworms 359:native to 357:Mustelidae 234:Mustelidae 125:Ähtäri Zoo 10809:M. itatsi 10743:(weasels) 10606:Lutrogale 10543:E. lutris 10501:L. felina 10310:(grisons) 10233:M. martes 10176:(martens) 10094:Guloninae 9880:Mellivora 9753:N. narica 9694:B. medius 9685:B. gabbii 9676:B. alleni 9664:(olingos) 9633:Raccoon ( 9485:Spilogale 9371:C. chinga 9352:Conepatus 9308:Ailuridae 9107:Monachini 9019:P. largha 8689:Otariinae 8652:sea lions 8647:fur seals 8638:Otariidae 8523:Mustelida 8494:U. arctos 8356:Arctoidea 8313:C. lycaon 8268:C. aureus 8198:Lupulella 8110:Lycalopex 7987:V. vulpes 7985:Red fox ( 7949:Kit fox ( 7924:V. corsac 7668:Herpestes 7281:Meerkat ( 7040:(Malagasy 6942:Hyaeninae 6903:Hyaenidae 6818:G. felina 6232:F. lybica 6044:Cheetah ( 5962:L. wiedii 5951:Oncilla ( 5917:L. guigna 5888:Leopardus 5869:Caracal ( 5862:C. aurata 5797:Bay cat ( 5718:P. pardus 5716:Leopard ( 5691:P. tigris 5649:N. diardi 5567:Prionodon 5467:Kingdom: 5456:Carnivora 5253:1592-2901 4973:Neal 1976 4123:Neal 1976 3976:Neal 1976 3816:Behaviour 3689:"Badger: 3673:Neal 1976 3637:Neal 1976 3584:Neal 1976 3358:Neal 1976 3131:"Species 3039:Neal 1976 3021:(1989) . 3003:(1979) . 2933:30 August 2625:, wrote; 2486:pellets. 2462:Dachshund 2438:fur trade 2335:Caspian X 2092:nematodes 2073:enteritis 2069:nephritis 2061:pneumonia 1986:Bubo bubo 1962:red foxes 1958:ungulates 1938:Lynx lynx 1898:bee hives 1845:tortoises 1817:and wild 1811:beechmast 1737:hedgehogs 1685:Carnivora 1626:ovulating 1580:red foxes 1484:nocturnal 1395:sympatric 1185:red foxes 1167:Dentition 947:europaeus 867:severzovi 855:canescens 808:Koněprusy 804:Erpfingen 800:Hundsheim 792:Grombasek 788:Episcopia 770:Evolution 718:) except 594:svin-toks 590:Norwegian 563:term was 457:red foxes 421:carnivore 403:and is a 401:nocturnal 365:West Asia 252:Species: 224:Carnivora 190:Kingdom: 184:Eukaryota 11277:Wikidata 11165:14001283 11113:11003965 10993:BioLib: 10951:Wikidata 10789:Ferret ( 10723:N. vison 10584:L. lutra 10452:(otters) 10446:Lutrinae 10303:Galictis 10215:M. foina 10130:Fisher ( 10018:Melogale 10001:M. meles 9921:Arctonyx 9766:Nasuella 9744:N. nasua 9721:(coatis) 9635:P. lotor 9411:Mephitis 9170:Mirounga 8920:Phocinae 8901:Phocidae 8770:Neophoca 8716:Zalophus 8623:Walrus ( 8322:C. rufus 8304:C. lupus 8284:Coyote ( 8119:Culpeo ( 8060:Speothos 7996:V. zerda 7978:V. velox 7915:V. chama 7626:Bdeogale 7524:U. fusca 7363:Helogale 7333:M. mungo 7272:Suricata 7201:Salanoia 7108:E. major 7088:Eupleres 6919:Proteles 6908:(hyenas) 6672:(genets) 6223:F. chaus 6214:F. catus 6205:F. bieti 6085:Cougar ( 6035:Acinonyx 6013:L. rufus 6011:Bobcat ( 5960:Margay ( 5942:Ocelot ( 5915:Kodkod ( 5836:Serval ( 5799:C. badia 5788:Catopuma 5698:Jaguar ( 5682:P. uncia 5671:Panthera 5638:Neofelis 5556:Feloidea 5487:Eutheria 5481:Mammalia 5475:Chordata 5473:Phylum: 5469:Animalia 5312:Archived 5225:(1898). 5184:(2001). 5137:"Badger 5108:(1968). 5086:(2008). 5021:BBC News 4839:Archived 4423:Ethology 4391:11124091 3879:12245569 3871:11124091 3836:22043004 3747:25232583 3559:86810777 3438:56433126 3163:62265494 3129:(2005). 3052:"Badger" 2843:BBC News 2824:31604960 2764:86435009 2756:27755113 2636:sporrans 2557:Somerset 2409:Heraldry 2132:and the 2096:tapeworm 2065:pleurisy 2034:roe deer 1869:droughts 1841:reptiles 1839:, small 1799:cherries 1573:latrines 1467:latrines 1359:leucists 1351:melanism 1336:Mounted 1280:incisors 1248:eyesight 1205:polecats 1178:Whiskers 1132:Telemark 1121:nominate 1069:Portugal 1031:Caucasus 991:tauricus 961:communis 940:vulgaris 933:maculata 756:used by 752:was the 745:Taxonomy 724:melandru 720:Asturian 688:blaireau 529:loanword 435:, small 431:, large 425:omnivore 414:latrines 315:Synonyms 284:Linnaeus 230:Family: 214:Mammalia 204:Chordata 200:Phylum: 194:Animalia 180:Domain: 157:IUCN 3.1 108:– Recent 11395:Badgers 11357:ZooBank 11349:1465483 11336:1086156 11323:6545371 11256:1465482 11152:1005859 11087:2433875 10791:M. furo 10736:Mustela 10685:Neogale 10532:Enhydra 10406:Ictonyx 10365:Vormela 10322:G. cuja 10249:Sable ( 10156:G. gulo 10121:Pekania 10106:Tayra ( 9903:Melinae 9715:Nasuina 9607:Procyon 8963:Phocini 8602:(seals) 8537:(seals) 8429:Ursinae 8371:(bears) 8366:Ursidae 8242:Dhole ( 8032:(zorro) 7906:V. cana 7816:Vulpini 7784:Urocyon 7768:Canidae 7560:U. urva 7064:Fossa ( 6984:Crocuta 6666:Genetta 6563:Viverra 6104:lineage 6026:lineage 5995:L. lynx 5851:Caracal 5825:lineage 5823:Caracal 5755:lineage 5753:Bay cat 5739:Felinae 5700:P. onca 5689:Tiger ( 5609:Felidae 5479:Class: 5458:species 5454:Extant 5164:Mammals 4431:Bibcode 4256:The fox 4151:Badger 3727:Zootaxa 3539:Bibcode 3418:Bibcode 2949:Badgers 2815:6789095 2794:Bibcode 2520:Culling 2484:shotgun 2452:Hunting 2446:Uusimaa 2430:Luhanka 2419:Luhanka 2387:writer 2363:Redwall 2275:Russell 2026:chamois 1918:red fox 1889:Poultry 1849:lizards 1815:pignuts 1741:chafers 1713:rabbits 1709:mammals 1701:cereals 1697:carrion 1693:insects 1635:A delay 1545:bracken 1381:is the 1355:albinos 1310:3.1.4.2 1307:3.1.3.1 1256:hearing 1232:England 1201:martens 1197:nipples 1088:, 1931 1050:, 1897 1048:Graells 998:danicus 969:typicus 954:caninus 863:rhodius 859:arcalus 814:2, and 812:Mosbach 733:Norfolk 702:Spanish 693:Catalan 669:Italian 665:Romance 651:glosses 628:became 549:, from 524:) is a 502:bêcheur 453:rabbits 445:cereals 441:carrion 437:mammals 433:insects 375:on the 348:, is a 309:range) 240:Genus: 220:Order: 210:Class: 155: ( 129:Finland 99:↓ 11230:157470 11217:923113 11126:621922 11100:855297 11061:305312 11048:MLESME 11035:328046 11009:103251 10957:Q27066 10481:Lontra 10169:Martes 9444:Mydaus 9338:skunks 8302:Wolf ( 8182:Canina 8012:Canini 7876:Vulpes 7772:(dogs) 7313:Mungos 6627:Poiana 5709:P. leo 5707:Lion ( 5613:(cats) 5323:, BBC. 5267:ARKive 5251: 5211: 5192: 5170: 5151: 5124: 5114:Linné" 5094: 4999: 4740:(1911) 4722:(1878) 4658: 4613: 4588: 4563: 4538: 4517: 4484: 4463: 4389: 4330: 3877: 3869: 3834: 3745: 3557: 3436: 3161: 3151: 2955: 2924: 2822: 2812: 2762: 2754: 2536:rabies 2532:Europe 2304:Merlin 2049:rabies 1996:) and 1940:) and 1861:clover 1853:snails 1807:acorns 1779:barley 1729:shrews 1659:weaned 1639:uterus 1618:fecund 1610:Estrus 1553:leaves 1407:rabies 1340:badger 1296:molars 1284:chisel 1128:Norway 1023:Crimea 892:Range 828:strata 820:molars 715:texugo 678:French 661:marten 625:þahsu- 572:German 567:þahsu- 556:brokko 533:Gaelic 526:Celtic 497:French 485:source 459:, and 449:tubers 447:, and 405:social 389:badger 361:Europe 354:family 350:badger 11344:WoRMS 11310:11715 11305:EUNIS 11297:7F2J7 11251:WoRMS 11243:71073 11139:29673 11108:IRMNG 11022:3ZDRX 10630:Aonyx 10573:Lutra 9963:Meles 9733:Nasua 9008:Phoca 8465:Ursus 8257:Canis 7884:foxes 6194:Felis 5241:(PDF) 4633:. 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