1223:
425:
125:
513:
149:
628:
408:
468:
The nest fronds are smaller rounded leaves basal to the foliage fronds. They do not bear sori and are persistent, not being shed after turning brown and dying. They form a characteristic 'basket' that collect litter and organic debris, hence the common name. The collected debris decompose into
582:
at the base cell. The tipmost cell divides repeatedly by cross-walls, forming a broad spatulate (spoon-shaped) prothallial plate. One of the cells at the top margin of the prothallus then divides obliquely when it has 5, 10, or more cells across its width. This results in an
590:. Division by this type of cell is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the rest of the cells, forming rows. This eventually results in the formation of a notch at the anterior edge of the prothallus, giving it a roughly heart-shaped appearance (cordate).
597:. They are also usually more sparsely haired, with some prothalli rarely having multicellular hair. They mature after six to nine months, and finish their life cycle at around a year. The gametophytes produce male (
2149:
2588:
619:, the production of a gametophyte not from spores, but directly from the vegetative cells of the sporophytes. Their leaves can develop prothalli under dim light and sporophytic buds in strong light.
568:
2331:"Improve livelihoods through market assessment and sustainable development of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in two selected villages in the northern uplands of Vietnam"
453:, fertile foliage fronds and sterile nest fronds. The dark green foliage fronds are large, 2β4 feet (0.61β1.22 m) long, with elongated stalks. They are deeply lobed or
1061:
906:
1368:
897:
1041:
1011:
2153:
1111:
857:
2330:
1151:
1141:
1131:
1071:
981:
971:
961:
941:
2030:"Quantifying the abundance of four large epiphytic fern species in remnant complex notophyll vine forest on the Atherton Tableland, north Queensland, Australia"
1410:
1121:
1031:
951:
931:
887:
877:
847:
1305:
1101:
827:
2619:
2029:
1051:
1001:
1300:
1296:
1206:), are commonly used to treat bone injuries. Its common name literally means "mender of shattered bones" in Chinese. Another species, the oak-leaf fern (
2108:
1783:
496:(growing on rocks). They can also sometimes be found in man-made structures like brick walls. They are found in wet tropical environments, usually in
3094:
2846:
2535:
1359:, all assigned tentatively to the genus in 1899. The arrangement and type of their sori, however, indicate that they are members of the family
3107:
2859:
395:
and are native to tropical Africa, South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and
Oceania. Some species are economically important as
2908:
2367:
2213:
3042:
2794:
1610:
3055:
2807:
2534:
Tao Su; FrΓ©dΓ©ric M.B. Jacques; Yu-Sheng (Christopher) Liu; Jianying Xiang; Yaowu Xing; Yongjiang Huang & Zhekun Zhou (2010).
1935:
2459:
2254:
2012:
1671:
560:
released by mature sporophytes; while sporophytes, in turn, develop from the fusion of gametes produced by mature prothalli.
2503:
2271:
1642:
Garden ferns; or, Coloured figures and descriptions of a selection of exotic ferns adapted for cultivation in the garden
2341:
480:
typically anchored to a tree or a rock. The rhizomes of basket ferns are creeping and densely covered in brown scales.
1541:
574:', observed in several other ferns. In this type, the spores germinate into a germ filament composed of barrel-shaped
1623:
3112:
2864:
473:, providing the plants with nutrients it would otherwise not have received from being suspended above the ground.
3081:
2833:
2044:
148:
2926:
3138:
2607:
1901:
2123:
2109:"Giants in the Rainforest: A Radiotelemetry Study of the Amethystine Python in North Queensland, Australia"
2043:(4). Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney & the National Herbarium of New South Wales: 521β527. Archived from
1811:
363:
3003:
2703:
2404:
3034:
3021:
2786:
2760:
3133:
2921:
1227:
1021:
533:
381:
2070:
1508:
3197:
2874:
2812:
136:
3060:
1222:
2533:
17:
1388:
but only distantly. The only other reasonably convincing fossil remains of drynarioids aside from
769:). Due to their ability to preserve moisture and persistence even after death, the nest leaves of
3029:
2913:
2781:
2365:
1211:
1161:
1081:
676:) on the bases of the frond lobes or the underside of the fronds. The produced nectar is rich in
616:
441:
2900:
424:
3016:
2755:
2646:
3099:
2851:
2449:
2244:
1661:
593:
The cordate prothallus are usually smaller with thinner midribs than that of other members of
2994:
2895:
991:
765:
742:
420:
are large and dark green, the smaller brown sterile nest fronds are clustered at their bases.
2887:
3202:
3187:
3125:
2729:
1954:
1852:
1796:
Assam
University Journal of Science & Technology: Biological and Environmental Sciences
1646:
1250:
1249:
are in danger of being overexploited. None of the species are currently cultivated for the
1181:
1091:
921:
867:
755:
to have hunted pythons regularly during the winter months by climbing up to individuals of
714:
701:
412:
2299:
8:
2378:
2221:
1781:
752:
720:
587:
2773:
2747:
1958:
1856:
512:
124:
3192:
3159:
2947:
2768:
2684:
2611:
1970:
1876:
1729:
1490:
1200:
730:). As much as 81% of sightings of the snakes in one study were in large individuals of
609:. The gametes fuse, forming the diploid sporophyte, the 'fern' part of the life cycle.
271:
143:
2246:
Mabberley's plant-book: a portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses
3120:
2882:
2716:
2562:
2455:
2250:
2008:
1868:
1803:
1721:
1667:
1619:
1327:
of drynarioids is not very well documented due to the typically poor preservation of
1197:
837:
734:
located about 17β40 m (56β131 ft) above the ground. Snakes seek shelter in
726:
3008:
2615:
2589:"Origin and diversification of African ferns with special emphasis on Polypodiaceae"
1978:
1880:
1733:
1494:
1471:
PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns".
3164:
2952:
2721:
2603:
2558:
2554:
2423:
2192:
1962:
1860:
1713:
1480:
746:
2708:
2695:
1640:
1317:
1264:
396:
2476:
2366:
Stuart
Lindsay; David J. Middleton; Thaweesakdi Boonkerd; Somran Suddee (2009).
2979:
2669:
2586:
2277:
1352:
173:
1837:
1717:
1618:. RGS-IBG Expedition Advisory Centre, Royal Geographical Society. p. 15.
584:
3181:
2566:
2427:
1872:
1807:
1725:
1576:
1324:
790:
786:
594:
366:
classification of 2016 (PPG I) uses this genus name, while other sources use
359:
355:
233:
223:
213:
75:
3151:
1696:
H.C. Chang; D.C. Agrawal; C.L. Kuo; J.L. Wen; C.C. Chen; H.S. Tsay (2007). "
763:
can also serve as growing substrates for other plants like the ribbon fern (
2939:
2122:(4). International Reptile Conservation Foundation: 215β221. Archived from
2007:. Interspecific Interactions. The University of Chicago Press. p. 48.
1553:
1397:
1381:
1268:
774:
525:
203:
432:
3068:
2988:
2820:
2678:
1424:
1360:
602:
598:
575:
549:
50:
2197:
2176:
2174:
2027:
1782:
P.B. Mazumder; Bonani
Mazumder; M. Dutta Choudhury; G.D. Sharma (2011).
1747:
3047:
2799:
1974:
1864:
1440:
1348:
1310:
1260:
799:
681:
664:
658:
553:
541:
501:
497:
95:
60:
43:
3073:
2825:
1933:
1695:
1485:
544:(the phase where the plant is most familiar), and the other being the
2742:
2177:"Association of water-borne conidial fungi with epiphytic tree fern (
1432:
1405:
1401:
1377:
1231:
696:
493:
489:
392:
388:
100:
2640:
1966:
3146:
2973:
2934:
2838:
2663:
1314:
804:
749:
627:
477:
90:
85:
70:
65:
55:
3086:
2270:
Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (June 2019). "Aglaomorpha".
567:
lends its name to a certain type of prothallial germination, the '
2340:. Swiss Association for International Cooperation. Archived from
2002:
1185:
677:
673:
579:
545:
537:
454:
105:
80:
2734:
699:), used for exuding surplus metabolic products. The ant species
500:. Their native range extends from equatorial Africa to tropical
1663:
The tropical look: an encyclopedia of dramatic landscape plants
1373:
1328:
1292:
818:
The following is the list of accepted species according to the
669:
653:
635:
606:
462:
449:
Basket ferns are characterized by the presence of two types of
2447:
2106:
2068:
407:
2191:(1). Swiss Association for International Cooperation: 19β27.
1284:
692:
642:
557:
470:
458:
450:
436:
428:
417:
347:
160:
2587:
Thomas
Janssen; Hans-Peter Kreier; Harald Schneider (2007).
2540:(Polypodiaceae) from the Upper Pliocene of Southwest China"
1189:
976:(Christ ex De Wild. & Durand) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
351:
193:
183:
1704:, a Fern Species Source of Chinese Medicine "Gu-Sui-Bu"".
1574:
2608:
10.1663/0007-196x(2007)59[159:oadoaf]2.0.co;2
1608:
688:
631:
2501:
1940:(Polypodiaceae): Preliminary Observations and Analyses"
1552:. Society for Growing Australian Plants. Archived from
1539:
1414:. It remains, as of 2011, the oldest known drynarioid.
504:
and East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and
Oceania.
2510:. Office of Environment & Heritage, NSW Government
2405:"Antimicrobial Activity of Extract and Fractions from
2308:: yang tonifying herbs for bones, tendons, and brains"
2211:
1638:
2028:
Jason
Cummings; Michelle Martin; Anne Rogers (2006).
1706:
In Vitro
Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant
1408:. These were later transferred to the living species
695:
dispersal. They may also be simply excretory organs (
2075:) in the Wet Tropics of North Queensland, Australia"
2602:(2). The New York Botanical Garden Press: 159β181.
2297:
2175:Kishore Karamchand; Kandikerere R. Sridhar (2009).
2005:
The
Ecology and Evolution of Ant-Plant Interactions
1934:Suzanne Koptur; Alan R. Smith; Irene Baker (1982).
1902:"The Opening Face of Vascular Plants: Pteridophyta"
1436:β spleenworts, bird's-nest ferns, and walking ferns
416:growing on rocks in Australia. The fertile foliage
1835:
1659:
3179:
2147:
1953:(2). Association for Tropical Biology: 108β113.
785:Basket ferns are classified under the subfamily
384:in PPG I, the genus contains around 50 species.
2242:
1331:recovered. Previous fossil species assigned to
1196:(more frequently cited by Asian authors by its
2402:
2368:"Towards a stable nomenclature for Thai ferns"
2328:
2273:Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World
2269:
1274:
820:Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World
1851:(3). The New York Botanical Garden: 295β396.
1540:Russell Cumming; Jan Sked (August 21, 2006).
2502:NSW Scientific Committee (October 4, 1998).
2474:
2003:Victor Rico-Gray; Paulo S. Oliveria (2007).
1645:. Illustrated by Walter Hood Fitch. p.
1501:
1279:Fossil species have not been transferred to
773:are also fertile hosts to a large number of
2249:. Cambridge University Press. p. 690.
2071:"Habitat Use in a Large Rainforest Python (
1241:commonly used in traditional medicine like
738:more frequently during the colder seasons.
691:(or other organisms) for protection or for
483:
2220:. Checklist of World Ferns. Archived from
2168:
1936:"Nectaries in Some Neotropical Species of
1754:. Global Biodiversity Information Facility
1076:(Wall. ex Mett.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
926:(Kunze ex Mett.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
718:serve as shelter for amethystine pythons (
123:
2448:Christopher Hobbs; Kathi Keville (2007).
2236:
2196:
2107:Alastair Freeman; Amanda Freeman (2007).
2069:Alastair Freeman; Amanda Freeman (2009).
1996:
1929:
1927:
1535:
1533:
1484:
709:, in addition to other epiphytic plants.
638:secreted by the lower surface of a young
552:(the phase where the plant is known as a
2580:
2454:. Book Publishing Company. p. 287.
2322:
2100:
2021:
1912:(113). Pratiyogita Darpan: 650β661. 2007
1831:
1829:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1221:
626:
511:
423:
406:
2359:
2205:
2082:Herpetological Conservation and Biology
2062:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1568:
1171:
14:
3180:
2508:(a fern) β endangered species listing"
2468:
1924:
1530:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1400:(23.03 to 5.332 million years ago) of
1320:(about 3.6 to 2.5 million years ago).
1287:, and are still recorded in the genus
1210:) is used similarly in South Asia and
2645:
2644:
2547:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
2529:
2527:
2525:
2441:
2152:. Bush Medicine Woman. Archived from
1826:
1766:
1653:
1632:
1470:
797:were once classified under the genus
461:(structures producing and containing
2875:5c4df1d0-2d88-4c4e-a5f8-99337d6a299b
2416:Journal of Bacteriology and Virology
2396:
2310:. Institute for Traditional Medicine
2263:
1680:
1609:Cliver Jermy; Roger Chapman (2002).
1602:
1473:Journal of Systematics and Evolution
2495:
2291:
2141:
1894:
1838:"Gametophytes of Homosporous Ferns"
1740:
1575:Frederick Garrett Dickason (1946).
1455:
1176:Extracts from the rhizomes of some
1156:(Hieron.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
956:(Alderw.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
24:
2522:
1384:, Russia shows some affinities to
1295:specimens were described from the
1106:(Christ) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
892:(Copel.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
882:(Christ) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
842:(Christ) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
25:
3214:
2927:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003449-2
2298:Subhuti Dharmananda (July 2010).
1291:. In 2010, twelve well-preserved
1146:(Hook.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
1116:(Desv.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
1066:(Mett.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
1036:(Bedd.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
1006:(Bedd.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
832:(Diels) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
780:
687:Their function may be to attract
3139:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326162-2
1267:, Australia), due to threats of
1180:species are used extensively in
1166:(Bory) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
376:. Species are commonly known as
147:
48:
1639:William Jackson Hooker (1862).
1217:
1096:(Sw.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
1046:(Baker) Parris & M. C. Roos
520:" type prothallial germination.
2559:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2010.11.011
2212:Michael Hassler; Brian Swale.
1802:(1). Assam University: 79β83.
1792:(L.) J. Sm., a Medicinal Fern"
1086:(L.) Hovenkamp & S. Linds.
402:
13:
1:
2483:. Philippine Medicinal Plants
2451:Women's Herbs, Women's Health
2375:Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)
2276:. Vol. 8. Archived from
1836:B. K. Nayar; S. Kaur (1971).
1666:. Timber Press. p. 152.
1448:
1192:, the rhizomes of gu-sui-bu,
556:). Gametophytes develop from
507:
2377:(37): 64β106. Archived from
2214:"Family Drynariaceae, genus
1519:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1271:and low population numbers.
759:. The large rhizome mass of
705:is commonly associated with
532:exhibits metagenesis or the
364:Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
263:
7:
2553:(2011). Elsevier: 521β527.
1612:Tropical Forest Expeditions
1584:The Ohio Journal of Science
1428:β staghorn or elkhorn ferns
1417:
1396:recovered in 1985 from the
1275:Evolution and fossil record
1016:(Becc. ex Baker) M. C. Roos
803:(rockcap ferns), under the
536:. One generation being the
476:Both frond types grow from
10:
3219:
1906:Competition Science Vision
1660:Robert Lee Riffle (1998).
1550:: Interesting Fern Genera"
1517:Plants of the World Online
1228:Ravensbourne National Park
1022:Aglaomorpha novoguineensis
813:
622:
534:alternation of generations
465:) on the bottom surfaces.
2963:
2653:
1718:10.1007/s11627-007-9037-6
1062:Aglaomorpha pleuridioides
277:
270:
260:
255:
144:Scientific classification
142:
137:Lincoln Park Conservatory
131:
122:
34:
2428:10.4167/jbv.2007.37.2.61
2243:D. J. Mabberley (2008).
1712:(2). Springer: 133β139.
1369:Protodrynaria takhtajani
1056:(J. Sm. ex Kunze) Copel.
898:Aglaomorpha drynarioides
822:as of August 2019:
615:also naturally exhibits
484:Habitat and distribution
2403:Eun-Kyung Jung (2007).
2329:Karin Hilfiker (2008).
2150:"Ferns and Fern Allies"
1263:in some areas (like in
1212:Maritime Southeast Asia
1208:Aglaomorpha quercifolia
1162:Aglaomorpha willdenowii
1082:Aglaomorpha quercifolia
1042:Aglaomorpha parkinsonii
1012:Aglaomorpha nectarifera
872:(Wall. ex Mett.) Copel.
793:. Species belonging to
745:were documented by the
672:-secreting structures (
668:), possess specialized
640:Aglaomorpha quercifolia
578:cells with one or more
442:Aglaomorpha quercifolia
435:surface of the foliage
2409:Against Oral Bacteria"
2148:Elvianna Dorante-Day.
1394:Polypodium quercifolia
1234:
1112:Aglaomorpha sparsisora
986:(Rosenst.) comb. ined.
858:Aglaomorpha cornucopia
743:Indigenous Australians
646:
521:
492:(growing on trees) or
446:
421:
2896:Paleobiology Database
2347:on September 29, 2011
2218:; world species list"
1814:on September 29, 2011
1392:was a specimen named
1225:
1152:Aglaomorpha volkensii
1142:Aglaomorpha tricuspis
1132:Aglaomorpha splendens
1072:Aglaomorpha propinqua
992:Aglaomorpha meyeniana
982:Aglaomorpha meeboldii
972:Aglaomorpha laurentii
962:Aglaomorpha latipinna
942:Aglaomorpha hieronymi
916:(Bostock) comb. ined.
766:Ophioglossum pendulum
741:In the 19th century,
724:) and scrub pythons (
630:
515:
427:
410:
2479:Drynaria quercifolia
2179:Drynaria quercifolia
1845:The Botanical Review
1790:Drynaria quercifolia
1577:"The Ferns of Burma"
1411:Aglaomorpha heraclea
1337:Drynaria astrostigma
1309:, it comes from the
1259:are also considered
1251:alternative medicine
1194:Aglaomorpha fortunei
1184:. In China, Taiwan,
1182:traditional medicine
1172:Traditional medicine
1122:Aglaomorpha speciosa
1092:Aglaomorpha rigidula
1032:Aglaomorpha parishii
966:(C. Chr.) M. C. Roos
952:Aglaomorpha involuta
932:Aglaomorpha heraclea
922:Aglaomorpha fortunei
888:Aglaomorpha descensa
878:Aglaomorpha delavayi
868:Aglaomorpha coronans
848:Aglaomorpha brooksii
715:Aglaomorpha rigidula
702:Iridomyrmex cordatus
656:of ferns (including
526:spore-bearing plants
413:Aglaomorpha rigidula
133:Drynaria quercifolia
2224:on October 17, 2008
2198:10.5586/am.2009.004
1959:1982Biotr..14..108K
1857:1971BotRv..37..295N
1366:Outside the genus,
1306:Drynaria callispora
1247:A. quercifolia
1102:Aglaomorpha sagitta
862:(Copel.) M. C. Roos
828:Aglaomorpha baronii
753:Carl Sofus Lumholtz
721:Morelia amethistina
707:A. quercifolia
457:, winged, and bear
2475:Godofredo Stuart.
2129:on October 2, 2011
1865:10.1007/bf02859157
1556:on August 23, 2011
1235:
1126:(Blume) M. C. Roos
1052:Aglaomorpha pilosa
1002:Aglaomorpha mollis
902:(Hook.) M. C. Roos
652:, like some other
647:
522:
447:
422:
3175:
3174:
3121:Open Tree of Life
2883:Open Tree of Life
2647:Taxon identifiers
2625:on March 19, 2012
2506:Drynaria rigidula
2461:978-1-57067-152-4
2407:Drynaria fortunei
2384:on March 16, 2012
2256:978-0-521-82071-4
2156:on March 28, 2012
2073:Morelia kinghorni
2050:on March 29, 2011
2014:978-0-226-71348-9
1702:Drynaria fortunei
1673:978-0-88192-422-0
1486:10.1111/jse.12229
1301:Yangjie coal mine
1297:Sanying Formation
1226:A basket fern in
1204:Drynaria fortunei
1167:
1157:
1147:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1107:
1097:
1087:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
987:
977:
967:
957:
947:
937:
927:
917:
903:
893:
883:
873:
863:
853:
843:
838:Aglaomorpha bonii
833:
775:water-borne fungi
727:Morelia kinghorni
588:meristematic cell
488:Basket ferns are
387:Basket ferns are
354:in the subfamily
339:
338:
333:
325:
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
251:
16:(Redirected from
3210:
3198:Medicinal plants
3168:
3167:
3155:
3154:
3142:
3141:
3129:
3128:
3116:
3115:
3103:
3102:
3090:
3089:
3077:
3076:
3064:
3063:
3051:
3050:
3038:
3037:
3025:
3024:
3012:
3011:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2956:
2955:
2943:
2942:
2930:
2929:
2917:
2916:
2904:
2903:
2891:
2890:
2878:
2877:
2868:
2867:
2855:
2854:
2842:
2841:
2829:
2828:
2816:
2815:
2803:
2802:
2790:
2789:
2777:
2776:
2764:
2763:
2751:
2750:
2738:
2737:
2725:
2724:
2712:
2711:
2699:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2642:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2618:. Archived from
2593:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2544:
2531:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2413:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2372:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2346:
2335:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2113:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2079:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2049:
2034:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1984:on April 6, 2012
1983:
1977:. Archived from
1944:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1842:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1810:. Archived from
1779:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1693:
1678:
1677:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1617:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1581:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1537:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1488:
1468:
1303:of China. Named
1188:, Thailand, and
1165:
1155:
1145:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1105:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1065:
1055:
1045:
1035:
1026:(Brause) C. Chr.
1025:
1015:
1005:
995:
985:
975:
965:
955:
945:
935:
925:
915:
901:
891:
881:
871:
861:
851:
841:
831:
757:A. rigidula
736:A. rigidula
732:A. rigidula
397:medicinal plants
331:
323:
315:
307:
299:
291:
283:
249:
152:
151:
127:
117:
47:
40:Temporal range:
32:
31:
21:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3163:
3158:
3150:
3145:
3137:
3132:
3124:
3119:
3111:
3106:
3098:
3093:
3085:
3080:
3072:
3067:
3059:
3054:
3046:
3041:
3033:
3028:
3020:
3015:
3007:
3002:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2959:
2951:
2946:
2938:
2933:
2925:
2920:
2912:
2907:
2899:
2894:
2886:
2881:
2873:
2871:
2863:
2858:
2850:
2845:
2837:
2832:
2824:
2819:
2811:
2806:
2798:
2793:
2785:
2780:
2772:
2767:
2759:
2754:
2746:
2741:
2733:
2728:
2720:
2715:
2707:
2702:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2649:
2639:
2638:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2542:
2532:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2477:"Pakpak lawin:
2473:
2469:
2462:
2446:
2442:
2432:
2430:
2411:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2370:
2364:
2360:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2333:
2327:
2323:
2313:
2311:
2296:
2292:
2283:
2281:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2210:
2206:
2185:Acta Mycologica
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2111:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2077:
2067:
2063:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2001:
1997:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1967:10.2307/2387739
1942:
1932:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1885:
1883:
1840:
1834:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1788:Propagation of
1780:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1694:
1681:
1674:
1658:
1654:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1579:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1538:
1531:
1522:
1520:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1469:
1456:
1451:
1444:β rockcap ferns
1420:
1277:
1265:New South Wales
1220:
1174:
1136:(J. Sm.) Copel.
946:(Brause) Copel.
816:
783:
625:
601:), and female (
510:
486:
405:
248:
146:
118:
116:
115:
114:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
42:
41:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3216:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:wfo-4000000954
3156:
3143:
3130:
3117:
3104:
3091:
3078:
3065:
3052:
3039:
3026:
3013:
3000:
2985:
2969:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2953:wfo-4000012640
2944:
2931:
2918:
2905:
2892:
2879:
2869:
2856:
2843:
2830:
2817:
2804:
2791:
2778:
2765:
2752:
2739:
2726:
2713:
2700:
2690:
2675:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2637:
2636:
2579:
2521:
2494:
2467:
2460:
2440:
2395:
2358:
2321:
2290:
2262:
2255:
2235:
2204:
2167:
2140:
2099:
2061:
2020:
2013:
1995:
1923:
1893:
1825:
1765:
1739:
1679:
1672:
1652:
1631:
1624:
1601:
1567:
1529:
1500:
1479:(6): 563β603.
1453:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1419:
1416:
1353:Czech Republic
1276:
1273:
1243:A. roosii
1219:
1216:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1158:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1008:
998:
988:
978:
968:
958:
948:
938:
936:(Kunze) Copel.
928:
918:
904:
894:
884:
874:
864:
854:
844:
834:
815:
812:
789:of the family
782:
781:Classification
779:
712:In Australia,
624:
621:
576:chlorophyllous
548:multicellular
540:multicellular
509:
506:
485:
482:
404:
401:
358:of the family
337:
336:
335:
334:
326:
321:Pseudodrynaria
318:
310:
302:
294:
286:
281:Christiopteris
275:
274:
268:
267:
258:
257:
253:
252:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
194:Polypodiopsida
191:
187:
186:
184:Polypodiophyta
181:
177:
176:
171:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
140:
139:
129:
128:
120:
119:
111:
110:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
39:
27:Genus of ferns
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3215:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2686:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2541:
2539:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2509:
2507:
2498:
2482:
2480:
2471:
2463:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2444:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2408:
2399:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2294:
2280:on 2017-09-02
2279:
2275:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2239:
2223:
2219:
2217:
2208:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2171:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2087:
2083:
2076:
2074:
2065:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2016:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1941:
1939:
1930:
1928:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1897:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1830:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1753:
1751:
1743:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1675:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1635:
1627:
1625:0-907649-84-X
1621:
1614:
1613:
1605:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1518:
1514:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1390:D. callispora
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1325:fossil record
1321:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
994:
993:
989:
984:
983:
979:
974:
973:
969:
964:
963:
959:
954:
953:
949:
944:
943:
939:
934:
933:
929:
924:
923:
919:
914:
913:
909:
905:
900:
899:
895:
890:
889:
885:
880:
879:
875:
870:
869:
865:
860:
859:
855:
850:
849:
845:
840:
839:
835:
830:
829:
825:
824:
823:
821:
811:
809:
806:
802:
801:
796:
792:
791:Polypodiaceae
788:
787:Drynarioideae
778:
776:
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
754:
751:
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
728:
723:
722:
717:
716:
710:
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
690:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
666:
661:
660:
655:
651:
644:
641:
637:
633:
629:
620:
618:
614:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
595:Polypodiaceae
591:
589:
586:
581:
577:
573:
571:
566:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
519:
514:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
481:
479:
474:
472:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
444:
443:
438:
434:
430:
426:
419:
415:
414:
409:
400:
398:
394:
390:
385:
383:
382:circumscribed
379:
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
360:Polypodiaceae
357:
356:Drynarioideae
353:
349:
345:
344:
330:
327:
322:
319:
314:
313:Photinopteris
311:
306:
305:Merinthosorus
303:
298:
295:
290:
287:
282:
279:
278:
276:
273:
269:
266:
265:
259:
254:
247:
246:
242:
239:
238:
235:
234:Drynarioideae
232:
229:
228:
225:
224:Polypodiaceae
222:
219:
218:
215:
214:Polypodiineae
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
174:Tracheophytes
172:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
156:
155:
150:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
121:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
45:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2964:
2654:
2627:. Retrieved
2620:the original
2599:
2595:
2582:
2570:. Retrieved
2550:
2546:
2537:
2512:. Retrieved
2505:
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2478:
2470:
2450:
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2422:(2): 61β68.
2419:
2415:
2406:
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2379:the original
2374:
2361:
2349:. Retrieved
2342:the original
2337:
2324:
2312:. Retrieved
2305:
2301:
2293:
2282:. Retrieved
2278:the original
2272:
2265:
2245:
2238:
2226:. Retrieved
2222:the original
2215:
2207:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2154:the original
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2119:
2115:
2102:
2090:. Retrieved
2088:(2): 252β260
2085:
2081:
2072:
2064:
2052:. Retrieved
2045:the original
2040:
2037:Cunninghamia
2036:
2023:
2004:
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
1979:the original
1950:
1946:
1937:
1914:. Retrieved
1909:
1905:
1896:
1884:. Retrieved
1848:
1844:
1816:. Retrieved
1812:the original
1799:
1795:
1789:
1785:
1756:. Retrieved
1752:(Bory) J.Sm"
1749:
1742:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1662:
1655:
1641:
1634:
1611:
1604:
1592:. Retrieved
1590:(3): 109β141
1587:
1583:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:the original
1547:
1543:
1521:. Retrieved
1516:
1510:
1503:
1476:
1472:
1439:
1431:
1423:
1409:
1398:Late Miocene
1393:
1389:
1385:
1382:Kursk Oblast
1380:boundary of
1367:
1365:
1356:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1304:
1288:
1280:
1278:
1269:habitat loss
1256:
1255:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1218:Conservation
1207:
1203:
1198:illegitimate
1193:
1177:
1175:
1160:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1120:
1110:
1100:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1060:
1050:
1040:
1030:
1020:
1010:
1000:
990:
980:
970:
960:
950:
940:
930:
920:
911:
907:
896:
886:
876:
866:
856:
846:
836:
826:
819:
817:
807:
798:
794:
784:
770:
764:
760:
756:
740:
735:
731:
725:
719:
713:
711:
706:
700:
686:
663:
657:
649:
648:
639:
612:
611:
592:
569:
564:
563:The synonym
562:
529:
523:
517:
487:
475:
467:
448:
440:
411:
386:
378:basket ferns
377:
373:
368:
367:
342:
341:
340:
328:
320:
312:
304:
297:Dryostachyum
296:
288:
280:
261:
244:
243:
204:Polypodiales
167:
132:
35:
29:
3203:Fern genera
3188:Aglaomorpha
3069:iNaturalist
2995:Aglaomorpha
2989:Wikispecies
2965:Aglaomorpha
2821:iNaturalist
2679:Wikispecies
1700:Culture of
1548:Platycerium
1511:Aglaomorpha
1425:Platycerium
1361:Matoniaceae
1345:D. tumulosa
1313:age of the
1281:Aglaomorpha
1257:Aglaomorpha
1239:Aglaomorpha
1237:Species of
1178:Aglaomorpha
908:Aglaomorpha
808:Aglaomorpha
795:Aglaomorpha
771:Aglaomorpha
761:Aglaomorpha
682:amino acids
650:Aglaomorpha
634:feeding on
613:Aglaomorpha
603:archegonium
599:antheridium
550:gametophyte
530:Aglaomorpha
524:Like other
498:rainforests
403:Description
374:Aglaomorpha
372:to include
343:Aglaomorpha
245:Aglaomorpha
230:Subfamily:
36:Aglaomorpha
3182:Categories
2284:2019-08-14
1947:Biotropica
1938:Polypodium
1523:2019-08-14
1449:References
1441:Polypodium
1349:Cenomanian
1311:Piacenzian
1261:endangered
1253:industry.
800:Polypodium
697:hydathodes
665:Polypodium
659:Polybotrya
554:prothallus
542:sporophyte
508:Life cycle
210:Suborder:
180:Division:
46:to Present
44:Piacenzian
3193:Epiphytes
3152:100394563
2839:1003449-2
2743:FloraBase
2596:Brittonia
2567:0034-6667
1873:0006-8101
1808:0975-2773
1726:1475-2689
1433:Asplenium
1406:Indonesia
1402:Palembang
1378:Oligocene
1372:from the
1363:instead.
1347:from the
1232:Australia
747:Norwegian
674:nectaries
585:obconical
494:epipetric
490:epiphytic
393:epipetric
389:epiphytic
332:Copel.
324:C.Chr.
308:Copel.
284:Copel.
157:Kingdom:
3147:Tropicos
3087:326162-2
3009:51349986
2980:Q4692851
2974:Wikidata
2940:40036020
2935:Tropicos
2774:Drynaria
2685:Drynaria
2670:Q3020925
2664:Wikidata
2655:Drynaria
2629:July 31,
2616:23364840
2572:July 30,
2538:Drynaria
2514:July 31,
2487:July 27,
2433:July 28,
2388:July 31,
2351:July 31,
2338:Helvetas
2314:July 30,
2306:Dipsacus
2302:Drynaria
2228:July 27,
2216:Drynaria
2160:July 31,
2133:July 30,
2092:July 30,
2054:July 30,
1988:July 28,
1916:July 31,
1886:July 31,
1881:12733899
1818:July 31,
1786:In Vitro
1758:July 27,
1750:Drynaria
1734:10349428
1698:In Vitro
1594:July 28,
1560:July 27,
1544:Drynaria
1495:39980610
1418:See also
1386:Drynaria
1357:D. durum
1335:include
1333:Drynaria
1315:Pliocene
1289:Drynaria
912:dumicola
805:subgenus
750:explorer
617:apospory
580:rhizoids
570:Drynaria
565:Drynaria
518:Drynaria
478:rhizomes
369:Drynaria
329:Thayeria
316:J.Sm.
300:J.Sm.
292:J.Sm.
289:Drynaria
272:Synonyms
256:Species
220:Family:
18:Drynaria
3100:1374264
3048:3229316
2852:1323794
2800:7126669
2735:6117729
2536:"A new
1975:2387739
1955:Bibcode
1853:Bibcode
1513:Schott"
1351:of the
1341:D. dura
1329:fossils
1299:of the
1201:synonym
1186:Vietnam
814:Species
623:Ecology
607:gametes
546:haploid
538:diploid
455:pinnate
433:abaxial
431:on the
362:. The
240:Genus:
200:Order:
190:Class:
161:Plantae
135:at the
112:↓
3113:187339
3074:125298
3035:100817
3022:100817
2909:PLANTS
2901:319884
2888:888714
2872:NZOR:
2865:187348
2826:142580
2787:110984
2761:110984
2709:100975
2696:201407
2693:APDB:
2614:
2565:
2458:
2253:
2116:Iguana
2011:
1973:
1879:
1871:
1806:
1732:
1724:
1670:
1622:
1546:&
1493:
1374:Eocene
1355:; and
1343:, and
1293:fossil
996:Schott
852:Copel.
678:sugars
670:nectar
654:genera
636:nectar
558:spores
463:spores
451:fronds
418:fronds
250:Schott
3126:41522
3095:IRMNG
2914:DRYNA
2847:IRMNG
2769:FoAO2
2748:20893
2722:8RYNS
2623:(PDF)
2612:S2CID
2592:(PDF)
2543:(PDF)
2481:Linn"
2412:(PDF)
2382:(PDF)
2371:(PDF)
2345:(PDF)
2334:(PDF)
2127:(PDF)
2112:(PDF)
2078:(PDF)
2048:(PDF)
2033:(PDF)
1982:(PDF)
1971:JSTOR
1943:(PDF)
1877:S2CID
1841:(PDF)
1730:S2CID
1616:(PDF)
1580:(PDF)
1491:S2CID
1318:epoch
1285:PPG I
693:spore
643:frond
516:The "
502:South
471:humus
437:frond
380:. As
352:ferns
348:genus
346:is a
168:Clade
3134:POWO
3108:NCBI
3082:IPNI
3056:GRIN
3043:GBIF
3004:APNI
2922:POWO
2860:NCBI
2834:IPNI
2813:4007
2808:GRIN
2795:GBIF
2704:APNI
2631:2011
2574:2011
2563:ISSN
2516:2011
2489:2011
2456:ISBN
2435:2011
2390:2011
2353:2011
2316:2011
2304:and
2251:ISBN
2230:2011
2162:2011
2135:2011
2094:2011
2056:2011
2009:ISBN
1990:2011
1918:2011
1888:2011
1869:ISSN
1820:2011
1804:ISSN
1760:2011
1722:ISSN
1668:ISBN
1620:ISBN
1596:2011
1562:2011
1323:The
1245:and
1190:Laos
689:ants
680:and
662:and
632:Ants
572:type
459:sori
429:Sori
264:text
262:See
51:Preκ
3160:WFO
3061:303
3030:FoC
3017:FNA
2948:WFO
2782:FoC
2756:FNA
2730:EoL
2717:CoL
2604:doi
2555:doi
2551:164
2424:doi
2193:doi
1963:doi
1861:doi
1714:doi
1481:doi
1283:in
439:of
391:or
350:of
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3110::
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3071::
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2732::
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2681::
2666::
2610:.
2600:59
2598:.
2594:.
2561:.
2549:.
2545:.
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2189:44
2187:.
2183:.
2181:)"
2120:14
2118:.
2114:.
2084:.
2080:.
2039:.
2035:.
1969:.
1961:.
1951:14
1949:.
1945:.
1926:^
1910:10
1908:.
1904:.
1875:.
1867:.
1859:.
1849:37
1847:.
1843:.
1828:^
1798:.
1794:.
1768:^
1728:.
1720:.
1710:43
1708:.
1682:^
1588:46
1586:.
1582:.
1532:^
1515:.
1489:.
1477:54
1475:.
1457:^
1404:,
1339:,
1230:,
1214:.
910:Γ
810:.
777:.
684:.
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528:,
399:.
170::
101:Pg
2633:.
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2576:.
2557::
2518:.
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2491:.
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2287:.
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2096:.
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2058:.
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1992:.
1965::
1957::
1920:.
1890:.
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1800:7
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1716::
1676:.
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1564:.
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1526:.
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1497:.
1483::
1376:-
645:.
445:.
106:N
96:K
91:J
86:T
81:P
76:C
71:D
66:S
61:O
56:κ
20:)
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