Double negative - Knowledge

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American Vernacular English. To such speakers, they view double negatives as emphasizing the negative rather than cancelling out the negatives. Researchers have studied African American Vernacular English (AAVE) and trace its origins back to colonial English. This shows that double negatives were present in colonial English, and thus presumably English as a whole, and were acceptable at that time. English after the 18th century was changed to become more logical and double negatives became seen as canceling each other as in mathematics. The use of double negatives became associated with being uneducated and illogical.

47: 661:. However, depending on how such a sentence is constructed, in some dialects if a verb or adverb is in between two negatives then the latter negative is assumed to be intensifying the former thus adding weight or feeling to the negative clause of the sentence. For this reason, it is difficult to portray double negatives in writing as the level of intonation to add weight in one's speech is lost. A double negative intensifier does not necessarily require the prescribed steps, and can easily be ascertained by the mood or intonation of the speaker. Compare 1062:(1762) that "two negatives in English destroy one another, or are equivalent to an affirmative". Grammarians have assumed that Latin was the model for Lowth and other early grammarians in prescribing against negative concord, as Latin does not feature it. Data indicates, however, that negative concord had already fallen into disuse in Standard English by the time of Lowth's grammar, and no evidence exists that the loss was driven by prescriptivism, which was well established by the time it appeared. 2838: 1027: 985:; however this renders the sentence somewhat empty of the negative clause being advanced in the sentence. This form of double negative along with others described are standard ways of intensifying as well as enhancing a negative. The use of 'nor' to emphasise the negative clause is still popular today, and has been popular in the past through the works of Shakespeare and Milton: 2236:("I can't never not indulge in inaction") contains 4 negations and it is very confusing which of them create a "double negative" and which of them eliminated from each other. Such confusing sentences can then diplomatically soften or blur rejection or unpleasant information or even agreement, but at the expense of intelligibility: 736: 812:: "A little after, he said one thing lay upon his spirit. I asked him what it was. He told me it was that God had not suffered him to be no more the executioner of His enemies." Although this particular letter has often been reprinted, it is frequently changed to read "not ... to be any more" instead. 899:

A sentence can otherwise usually only become positive through consecutive uses of negatives, such as those prescribed in the later examples, where a clause is void of a verb and lacks an adverb to intensify it. Two of them also use emphasis to make the meaning clearer. The last example is a popular

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The key to understanding the former examples and knowing whether a double negative is intensive or negative is finding a verb between the two negatives. If a verb is present between the two, the latter negative becomes an intensifier which does not negate the former. In the first example, the verb

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These two sentences would be different in how they are communicated by speech. Any assumption would be correct, and the first sentence can be just as right or wrong in intensifying a negative as it is in cancelling it out; thereby rendering the sentence's meaning ambiguous. Since there is no adverb

2230:("nobody weren't there"). However, in many cases, a double, triple quadruple negative can really work in such a way that each negative cancels out the next negative, and such a sentence may be a catch and may be incomprehensible to a less attentive or less intelligent addressee. E.g. the sentence, 2743:

A double negative almost always resolves to a positive meaning and even more so in colloquial speech where the speaker particularly stresses the first negative word. Meanwhile, a triple negative resolves to a negative meaning, which bares a stronger negativity than a single negative. For example,

1042:

Up to the 18th century, double negatives were used to emphasize negation. "Prescriptive grammarians" recorded and codified a shift away from the double negative in the 1700s. Double negatives continue to be spoken by those of Vernacular English, such as those of Appalachian English and African

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wherein two negatives simply cancel each other out. However, the usage of intensifying negatives and examples are presented in his work, which could also imply he wanted either usage of double negatives abolished. Because of this ambiguity, double negatives are frequently employed when making

2010:, a double negative can express either an affirmation or a negation, depending on the word combination. When expressing negation, it usually carries an emphasis with it. Native speakers can usually understand the sentence meaning from the voice tone and the context. 727:. The phrase "Mr. Jones wasn't incompetent." will seldom mean "Mr. Jones was very competent" since the speaker would've found a more flattering way to say so. Instead, some kind of problem is implied, though Mr. Jones possesses basic competence at his tasks. 1950:(word-for-word, " not-will-get Aled lots of money") means "Aled will not get much money". This is not usually regarded as three negative markers, however, because the negative mutation is really just an effect of the initial particle on the following word. 692:

or verb to support the latter negative, the usage here is ambiguous and lies totally on the context behind the sentence. In light of punctuation, the second sentence can be viewed as the intensifier; and the former being a statement thus an admonishment.

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in French, for example), and it cannot be substituted by any part of speech other than itself with the sentence remaining grammatical. The grammatical particle has no independent meaning and happens to be spelled and pronounced the same as the embedded

602:" in Italian). Negative polarity can be triggered not only by direct negatives such as "not" or "never", but also by words such as "doubt" or "hardly" ("I doubt he has ever owed anything to anyone" or "He has hardly ever owed anything to anyone"). 714:

This is opposed to the single negative "I don't agree", which typically means "I disagree". However, the statement "I don't completely disagree" is a similar double negative to "I don't disagree" but needs little or no clarification.

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know") ambiguously means either "I don't think everyone knows" or "I think someone does not know". A quadruple negative further resolves to a positive meaning embedded with stronger affirmation than a double negative; for example,

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is only an adverb and simply serves as an intensifier. Another argument used to support the position double negatives aren't acceptable is a mathematical analogy: negating a negative number results in a positive one; e.g.,

451:. In some languages, double negatives cancel one another and produce an affirmative; in other languages, doubled negatives intensify the negation. Languages where multiple negatives affirm each other are said to have 550:

items that are used in place of additional negatives when another negating word already occurs. Examples are "ever", "anything" and "anyone" in the sentence "I haven't ever owed anything to anyone" (cf. "I

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becomes intensified, which indeed deduces that the sentence is indeed false since nothing was resolved to a positive. The same applies to the third example, where the adverb 'more' merges with the prefix

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Philosophies aside, this form of double negative is still in use whereby the use of 'nor' enhances the negative clause by emphasizing what isn't to be. Opponents of double negatives would have preferred

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sketch "Mr Cholmondley-Warner's Guide to the Working-Class", a stereotypical Cockney employs a septuple-negative: "Inside toilet? I ain't never not heard of one of them nor I ain't nor nothing."

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example of a double negative that resolves to a positive. This is because the verb 'to doubt' has no intensifier which effectively resolves a sentence to a positive. Had we added an adverb thus:

707:. For instance, "I don't disagree" could mean "I certainly agree", "I agree", "I sort of agree", "I don't understand your point of view (POV)", "I have no opinion", and so on; it is a form of " 1671:

originally meant "I will not walk a single step." This initial usage spread so thoroughly that it became a necessary element of any negation in the modern French language to such a degree that

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When two negatives are used in one independent clause, in standard English the negatives are understood to cancel one another and produce a weakened affirmative (see the Robert Lowth citation

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which effectively becomes a noun, instead of an adverb. This is a valid argument since adjectives do indeed describe the nature of a noun; yet some fail to take into account that the phrase

2889:"step", originally "not a step" = "not a bit"). However, in Germanic languages such as English and German, the intermediate stage was a case of double negation, as the current negatives 2147:

Negating the verb without negating the pronoun (or vice versa), while syntactically correct, may result in a very unusual meaning or make no sense at all. Saying "I saw nobody" in

2098:, multiple negatives affirm each other. Indeed, if a sentence contains a negated verb, any indefinite pronouns or adverbs must be used in their negative forms. For example, in the 443:

are used in the same sentence. This is typically used to convey a different shade of meaning from a strictly positive sentence ("You're not unattractive" vs "You're attractive").

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Of course, indirectness can also be employed to put an edge on one's rudeness as well. Whilst "He has studied Japanese, so he should be able to write kanji" can be phrased

2411:(word for word: " ", and translates literally as "I do not have nothing") means "I do not have anything". Negative pronouns are constructed by means of adding the prefixes 3532: 3272: 2687:

go") emphasizes that the situation is out of the speaker's hands and that the speaker has no choice in the matter: "Unfortunately, I have got to go". Similarly, "

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to phrase ideas in a more indirect and polite manner. Thus, one can indicate necessity by emphasizing that not doing something would not be proper. For instance,

2190:, like in many other languages, a standard double negative is used in sentences with a negative pronoun or negative conjunction, where the verb is also negated ( 1992:

Those constructions apply only when the negatives all refer to the same word or expression. Otherwise, the negatives simply work independently of one another:

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have been suggested as possible origins for this trait. Its proper use follows a set of fairly complex rules as in these examples provided by Bruce Donaldson:

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Negative correlatives can also occur with already negative verb forms. In literary Welsh, the mutated verb form is caused by an initial negative particle,

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Another point of view is that the construction is not really an example of a "double negative" but simply a grammatical template for negation. The second

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separates the two negatives; therefore the latter negative does not negate the already negated verb. Indeed, the word 'nowhere' is thus being used as an

815:

Whereas some double negatives may resolve to a positive, in some dialects others resolve to intensify the negative clause within a sentence. For example:

1126:", in which schoolchildren chant "We don't need no education / We don't need no thought control") or used to establish a frank and informal tone (as in 1983:("No one was not suffering") means more simply "Everyone was suffering". Meanwhile, a compound negative following a negative strengthens the negation: 2829:

like him") means "I do know that everyone likes him". However, more than triple negatives are frequently perceived as obscure and rarely encountered.

3404: 2224:("all don't were there") means not "all absented" but "there were not all" (= "at least one of them absenteed"). If all absented, it should be said 955:

Other forms of double negatives, which are popular to this day and do strictly enhance the negative rather than destroying it, are described thus:

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Many languages, including all living Germanic languages, French, Welsh and some Berber and Arabic dialects, have gone through a process known as

3461: 2996: 2464:. This phenomenon is commonplace in Finnish, where many words have alternatives that are required in negative expressions, for example 422: 2855:, where an original negative particle is replaced by another, passing through an intermediate stage employing two particles (e.g. 1822:(literally, "I do not see nothing") are used to express "I do not see anything". In Italian, a second following negative particle 1090: 621:

in English; for example, a collocation such as "ain't nothin" or "not nothing" can mean either "something" or "nothing", and its

2163:) might mean "I saw an instance of nobody" or "I saw Mr Nobody" but it would not have its plain English meaning. Likewise, in 3658: 3546: 3503: 3379: 3320: 1998:

means "It was not on account of their not throwing that they did not hit him", and one should not blame them for not trying.

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of English do, and because most English speakers can speak or comprehend across varieties and registers, double negatives as

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to become a negative word, which when combined with the sentence's former negative only acts as an intensifier to the verb

768: 378: 3609:"; many of these are traditional phrases stemming from a time before the emphatic became an essential part of negation. 2196:"nobody came", literally "nobody didn't come"). However, this doubleness is also transferred to forms where the verbal 1080:

Bert employs a double negative when he says, "If you don't wanna go nowhere..." Another is used by the bandits in the "

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Stylistically, in English, double negatives can sometimes be used for affirmation (e.g. "I'm not feeling unwell"), an

249: 3576: 3231: 3193: 3047: 1151: 1131: 21: 3679: 327: 3073: 1840:("I don't want not to eat") mean "I want to eat", the latter phrase more precisely means "I'd prefer to eat". 699:, two negatives are understood to resolve to a positive. This rule was observed as early as 1762, when Bishop 415: 315: 3088: 2500:

phrases with negative pronouns or adverbs that impart a negative meaning on the whole phrase. For example,

1051: 179: 2628:"), which is used to express (or feign) a necessity more regretful and convenable than that expressed by " 2569:), there is a harsher idea in it: "Because he studied Japanese, there is no reason he can't write Kanji". 2289:

in a given statement must be negated, so it could be said that multiple negative is mandatory in Latvian.

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has both single and double negation, with the latter denoting special emphasis. For example, the Bavarian

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The Statesmen of the Commonwealth of England: With a Treatise on the Popular Progress in English History

3062: 2506:(literally, word for word, "Not-one thing-of-mine exists-not") means "I don't have anything". Likewise, 1038:(negative concord and pleonastic a.k.a. explective, paratactic, sympathetic, abusive negation) phenomena 756:

Discussing English grammar, the term "double negative" is often, though not universally, applied to the

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means "No one called me". These suffixes are, however, never used alone, but always in connection with

1101: 283: 3374:. The expression of cognitive categories. Vol. 4. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter-Mouton. p. 112. 1828:

turns the phrase into a positive one, but with a slightly different meaning. For instance, while both

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Bates, James W.; Gimple, Scott M.; McCann, Jesse L.; Richmond, Ray; Seghers, Christine, eds. (2010).

3106: 1989:("Do not permit no one to raise an uproar") means "Let not a single one among them raise an uproar". 1123: 764: 622: 356: 2727: 3016: 3006: 2976: 1390: 1359: 696: 408: 56: 3620: 3267: 2981: 2932: 2108:("Nobody never did not do nothing nowhere") means "Nobody has ever done anything, anywhere", and 2099: 1167: 724: 335: 267: 221: 2200:

is released and the negation is joined to the nominal form, and such a phrase can be ambiguous:

1578:) means "sometimes". In many Romance languages a second term indicating a negative is required. 3247: 801: 626: 440: 287: 3468: 3345: 3037: 1967:. With few exceptions, a simple negative (οὐ or μή) following another negative (for example, 2563: 2546: 2532: 2273: 507:

are examples of negative-concord languages. This is also true of many vernacular dialects of

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The negatives herein do not cancel each other out but simply emphasize the negative clause.

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first recorded the rule: "Two Negatives, or two Adverbs of Denying do in English affirm".

8: 2552:, also "must", "if not done, can not go') similarly means "not doing can't go forward". 2282: 1787: 1072: 1013: 540: 460: 347: 271: 238: 135: 3370:

Horn, LR (2010). "Multiple negation in English and other languages". In Horn, LR (ed.).

2538:, "must", more literally "if not done, not be") means "not doing wouldn't be proper". 1581: 3784: 3779: 3674: 3199: 2608: 2402: 2384: 2330: 2286: 2269: 2164: 1904: 1127: 1070:

Double negatives have been employed in various films and television shows. In the film

480: 244: 194: 170: 158: 104: 1372:, "I do not want to do that") and in some villages in the central Netherlands such as 711:". Further statements are necessary to resolve which particular meaning was intended. 3654: 3572: 3542: 3499: 3385: 3375: 3326: 3316: 3227: 3203: 3189: 3155: 3150: 3043: 2581: 2438:

to express negation. Negative pronouns are constructed by adding one of the suffixes

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influence causes the double (and sometimes even triple) negative to be quite common.

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See the article regarding Romance languages explaining this form of double negation.

1104:" (1999) features Bart writing "I won't not use no double negatives" as part of the 763:

Double negatives are usually associated with regional and ethnical dialects such as

447:

is the more general term referring to the occurrence of more than one negative in a

46: 3769: 3181: 3145: 3137: 2936: 2577: 2426: 2278: 2095: 1919:(word-for-word, "Not-will-get Aled not go") expresses "Aled is not allowed to go". 1860: 1783: 1779: 1696: 1686: 1431: 809: 781: 757: 744: 536: 532: 512: 508: 496: 488: 472: 464: 230: 225: 190: 185: 127: 119: 2206:("nobody unscathed") can mean both "nobody healthy" and "all healthy". Similarly, 3694: 3493: 3252: 2497: 2148: 1135: 1081: 805: 797:" ("He never yet no vileness didn't say / In all his life to no manner of man"). 520: 504: 476: 468: 253: 234: 108: 61: 38: 17: 3173: 2909: 2879:

In many cases, the original sense of the new negative particle is not negative

2430: 2187: 1892: 1883:, respectively meant "I have not seen her either". This practice is dying out. 1314:

Afrikaans shares with English the property that two negatives make a positive:

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is used if and only if the sentence or phrase does not already end with either

981: 965: 772: 633: 524: 484: 95: 70: 3707: 3495:

The Loss of Negative Concord in Standard English: A Case of Lexical Reanalysis

3185: 2638: 2114:("Never I did not go there") means "I have never been there". In Czech, it is 3763: 3538: 3389: 3159: 1964: 1377: 1112: 1077: 1002: 216: 204: 162: 131: 81: 1757:(never, nothing, no one, nowhere) can be mixed with each other, and/or with 1399:("This have I yet never not heard") can be compared to the Standard German " 3649:

Borsley, Robert; Tallerman, M; Willis, D (2007). "7. Syntax and mutation".

3125: 2807: 2764: 2725: 2702: 2674: 2652: 2636: 2606: 2601: 2393:) more in line with the English "ever, any" indefinite pronoun structures. 2007: 1174:

in which it is mandatory (for example, "He cannot speak Afrikaans" becomes

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and does not negate the argument of the sentence. Double negatives such as

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This article is about the linguistic concept. For the logical concept, see

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made extensive use of double, triple, and even quadruple negatives in his

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With the meaning "I completely agree", Lowth would have been referring to

3462:"Grammar myths #3: Don't know nothing about double negatives? Read on..." 3287: 2900: 2338: 2334: 1795: 1155: 1085: 1017: 998: 735: 708: 614: 492: 331: 166: 150: 113: 1584:, the usual way to express simple negation is to employ two words, e.g. 2856: 2425:

Something superficially resembling double negation is required also in

1938:. The particle is usually omitted in speech but the mutation remains: 1913:(word-for-word, "Not-is she not here") expresses "She is not here" and 1139: 1119: 794:

He nevere yet no vileynye ne sayde / In all his lyf unto no maner wight

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of the positive ("I'm feeling well"). The rhetorical term for this is

323: 2837: 2928: 2512:(literally, "Never satisfied not-I-am") means "I'm never satisfied". 1171: 791:" ("There never was no man nowhere so virtuous"). About the Knight, " 500: 2951:"he did not eat", where the verb is preceded by a negative particle 1118:

In music, double negatives can be employed to similar effect (as in

1094:(1948): "Badges? We ain't got no badges. We don't need no badges!." 1026: 3011: 2740:

know") is a more emphatic way to express "Every single one knows".

2036:" translates "Without that meaning that we can't find it." i.e. We 1843:

Other Romance languages employ double negatives less regularly. In

1373: 1363: 977: 961: 771:, and various British regional dialects. Indeed, they were used in 1715:

can likewise lose the first particle and rely only on the second:

3174:"More Ado about Nothing: On the Typology of Negative Indefinites" 2585: 2521: 2138:'), lit. "I don't know nothing". In Russian, "I know nothing" is 1427: 931:

becomes an adjective which only describes its suffix counterpart

776: 719: 658: 637: 605:

Because standard English does not have negative concord but many

582:" in Portuguese, lit. "Never have I owed nothing to no one", or " 100: 3221: 2912: 2903: 2565:

kare wa nihongo o benkyō shita kara kanji de kakenai wake ga nai

1763:(not anymore/not again) in French, e.g. to form sentences like 1380:

dialects, however, still have some widely-used expressions like

1178:, "He cannot Afrikaans speak not"). Dialectal Dutch, French and 808:

quoted his nephew's dying words in a letter to the boy's father

792: 786: 730: 3350:. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans. pp. 139–140. 3001: 2859: 2120:("I have not seen never no-one nowhere"). In Bulgarian, it is: 1853:("I had not never seen him") means "I have never seen him" and 878: 448: 364: 304: 299: 76: 65: 3039:

Negative Contexts: Collocation, Polarity and Multiple Negation

2218:("three tasks were planned, none uncompleted"). The sentence, 1859:("I neither do not like it") means "I do not like it either". 1376:, but it takes a different form than that found in Afrikaans. 2986: 1993: 1984: 1978: 1968: 539:

are examples of languages that do not have negative concord.

516: 360: 3648: 1944:(word-for-word, " not-knew nobody") means "Nobody knew" and 1847:, an extra negative particle is used with negative adverbs: 891:

An exception is when the second negative is stressed, as in

2401:

Double or multiple negatives are grammatically required in

2061:" translates "Doesn't mean that we can't find it." i.e. We 705:

A Short Introduction to English Grammar with Critical Notes

396: 263: 3719:

Kastovsky, Dieter. 1991. Historical English syntax. p. 452

2033:Χωρίς/δίχως αυτό να σημαίνει ότι δε μπορούμε να το βρούμε. 760:

use of a second negative as an intensifier to a negation.

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is a construction occurring when two forms of grammatical

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van der Auwera, Johan; Van Alsenoy, Lauren (2016-10-14).

3123: 1700: 3273:

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

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Simpsons World The Ultimate Episode Guide: Seasons 1–20

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Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert; Hyams, Nina (2002).

3077:(June, 2021), "Double Negatives: 3 Rules You Must Know" 2341:, which could be approximated in English as "there has 2133: 629:

of register, variety, location, and content of ideas.

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Examples of Double Negatives: From Sentences to Lyrics

2784: 2745: 2688: 2659: 2645: 2629: 2589: 672:= There's some other way. Negative: isn't (is not), no 543:, negative concord occurs in a minority of languages. 3568:, Bruce C. Donaldson, Walter de Gruyter, 1993, p. 404 1524:

In Latin a second negative word appearing along with

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In contrast, some double negatives become positives:

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There was never no more laziness at work than before.

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in these languages originally meant "nothing": e.g.

2157:) instead of the more usual "I did not see nobody" ( 2115: 2109: 2103: 927:

resolves to a positive is where the latter negative

3266: 3710:, Český rozhlas (Czech Broadcasting), 2011 April 9 3442: 3430: 2588:in a likewise manner. One common construction is " 2496:Negative verb forms are grammatically required in 2126:, lit. "I have not seen never no-one nowhere", or 1418: 1411:" (roughly "never ever") corresponds to Bavarian " 885:contrast with Romance languages such as French in 546:Languages without negative concord typically have 3697:, Naše řeč, ročník 32 (1948), číslo 2–3, s. 21–36 2329:. The only alternative would be using a negating 1257:cannot be understood as a noun or adverb (unlike 3761: 3621:"Using double and multiple negatives (negation)" 3412:. American University. p. 2. Archived from 1799: 567: 566:" in negative-concord dialects of English, and " 2406: 2127: 2121: 2058:Δε(ν) σημαίνει ότι δε(ν) μπορούμε να το βρούμε. 1334: 1318: 1301: 1289: 1280: 1274: 1265: 1252: 1234: 1218: 1202: 1186: 2841:An illustration of Jespersen's cycle in French 2556: 2539: 2525: 1878: 1854: 1848: 1811: 1722: 1716: 1710: 1647:. The second term was originally an emphatic; 1519: 1412: 1394: 1247:("It is not so difficult to learn Afrikaans.") 27:Grammatical construction such as 'not nothing' 3634: 2962: 2952: 2946: 2940: 2507: 2501: 2483: 2477: 2471: 2465: 2459: 2453: 2433: 2174: 2168: 2139: 1872: 1835: 1829: 1823: 1817: 1805: 1690: 1666: 1508: 1502: 1496: 1466: 1441: 1231:("He will not be coming because he is sick.") 731:Two or more negatives resolving to a negative 583: 416: 3618: 3604: 3598: 3224:An Introduction to Language, Seventh Edition 2894: 2884: 2871: 2865: 2158: 2152: 1775:(He never says anything to anyone anymore). 1770: 1764: 1758: 1752: 1746: 1740: 1734: 1679: 1672: 1660: 1648: 1641: 1633: 1625: 1617: 1612: 1604: 1599: 1591: 1586: 1406: 1400: 1258: 905:I never had no doubt this sentence is false. 3639:("I don't see anything"), is also possible. 2997:List of common English usage misconceptions 2967:"nothing" - thus, "he didn't eat nothing". 2961:, which was originally a shortened form of 2255: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2201: 2191: 2105:ni(t)ko nikad(a) nigd(j)e ništa nije uradio 2081: 2075: 2069: 2056: 2050: 2044: 2031: 2025: 2019: 1963:Doubled negatives are perfectly correct in 1945: 1939: 1932: 1924: 1914: 1908: 1897: 1695:may be omitted in colloquial language, and 1654: 1632: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1381: 1367: 1270:, meaning "not", by a historical accident. 1199:("I did not know that he would be coming.") 1161: 3315:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 129. 2277:languages double negative is mandatory in 2179:) has the connotation "I do not know just 1867:also used to possess a tendency to double 1794:languages usually employ doubled negative 1769:(I didn't say anything to anyone) or even 423: 409: 3561: 3487: 3485: 3149: 2832: 1354:agree with you," i.e., I agree with you.) 1048:Essay towards a practical English Grammar 990:Nor did they not perceive the evil plight 3178:Pragmatics, Truth and Underspecification 2931:from double negation can be seen in non- 2836: 2809:Wǒ bú shì bù zhīdào méi rén bù xǐhuan tā 2348:been an instance that I would have owed 2215:plánovány byly tři úkoly, nesplněn žádný 2183:: I know someone important or special." 1995:οὐ διὰ τὸ μὴ ἀκοντίζειν οὐκ ἔβαλον αὐτόν 1705:only as a short answer to questions. In 1678: 1624: 1423:" in the Standard German pronunciation. 1025: 734: 3343: 3180:, BRILL, pp. 107–146, 2018-06-06, 3089:"The use of double negative in Chinese" 2917:, lit. "I didn't see nothing" >> 2086:" translates "You won't get any book." 1907:verb form that is negative in meaning: 1530:turns the meaning into a positive one: 1215:("I knew that he would not be coming.") 1060:A Short Introduction to English Grammar 923:. Where people think that the sentence 3762: 3743:"Grazio Falzon. Basic Maltese Grammar" 3518: 3491: 3482: 3310: 3035: 2173:) in place of "I do not know no one" ( 1903:(not) often occurs with a prefixed or 1653:, for example, derives from the Latin 1640: 1482:ikh hob nisht keyn more far keynem nit 1358:Double negation is still found in the 3633:In Italian a simple negative phrase, 3448: 3436: 3402: 3396: 3126:"On the typology of negative concord" 3036:Wouden, Ton van der (November 2002). 2957:- "not" and followed by the particle 1772:Il ne dit jamais plus rien à personne 1677:is generally dropped entirely, as in 1166:Double negation is uncommon in other 649:Two negatives resolving to a positive 3369: 2233:nemohu se nikdy neoddávat nečinnosti 3597:There are literary cases in which " 2396: 2263: 2089: 1509: 1503: 1497: 1467: 1442: 910:Then what happens is that the verb 788:Ther nas no man no wher so vertuous 769:African American Vernacular English 384:AmE and BrE grammatical differences 379:African-American Vernacular English 13: 3313:Cromwell : the Lord Protector 2292:For instance, a statement "I have 2123:никога не съм виждал никого никъде 2055:also has an affirmative meaning: " 14: 3796: 3730:A history of the English language 3498:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2167:, saying "I do not know anyone" ( 1659:, meaning "step", so that French 1554:) means "some". In the same way, 1065: 288:Transitive and intransitive verbs 2935:languages, too: for example, in 2766:Wǒ bù juédé méiyǒu rén bù zhīdào 2254:("it/he is not uninteresting"), 1958: 1727:("I come not"). These exemplify 1240:so moeilik om Afrikaans te leer 1091:The Treasure of the Sierra Madre 45: 22:Double Negative (disambiguation) 3735: 3722: 3713: 3700: 3687: 3680:Institute of the Czech Language 3667: 3642: 3627: 3612: 3591: 3555: 3524: 3454: 3363: 3354: 3337: 3304: 3280: 3260: 2144:, lit. "I don't know nothing". 2117:nikdy jsem nikde nikoho neviděl 2001: 1501:("not") after the Yiddish word 1389:Like some dialects of English, 1106:opening sequence chalkboard gag 1058:stated in his grammar textbook 976:I'm not entirely familiar with 960:I'm not entirely familiar with 3653:. Cambridge University Press. 3276:(5th ed.). HarperCollins. 3253:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 3240: 3215: 3166: 3117: 3099: 3081: 3067: 3056: 3029: 2083:Δε(ν) θα πάρεις κανένα βιβλίο. 1176:Hy kan nie Afrikaans praat nie 1034:(logical double negation) and 1010:I never was, nor never will be 785:. About the Friar, he writes " 1: 3406:Double and Multiple Negatives 3022: 2285:. Furthermore, all verbs and 2030:has an affirmative meaning: " 1977:) results in an affirmation: 1152:Ain't No Mountain High Enough 1132:(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction 3562:Donaldson, Bruce C. (1993). 3111:NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY 2488:meaning "not even so much". 2482:meaning "even so much", and 2377:), where negative pronouns ( 1454:ikh hob keynmol nisht gesogt 1402:Das habe ich noch nie gehört 1331:("I don't agree with you." ) 1285:or another negating adverb. 883:I don't want to know no more 863:This is something you can't 619:auto-antonymic (contranymic) 7: 3775:Nonstandard English grammar 2970: 2927:A similar development to a 2870:→ Modern Colloquial French 2808: 2765: 2726: 2703: 2675: 2653: 2637: 2607: 2515: 2455:Kukaan ei soittanut minulle 2452:to interrogative pronouns: 2422:to interrogative pronouns. 2077:κανείς/κανένας/καμία/κανένα 1766:Je n'ai rien dit à personne 1520:Latin and Romance languages 1510:איך האב גארנישט נישט געזאגט 1396:Des hob i no nia ned g'hört 1386:("never not") for "never". 1134:"). Other examples include 944:; therefore, it is argued, 10: 3801: 3728:Van Gelderen, Elly. 2006. 3372:The expression of negation 3292:Memidex/WordNet Dictionary 3042:. Routledge. p. 243. 2844: 2785: 2746: 2689: 2660: 2646: 2644:, "must"). Compared with " 2630: 2590: 2572: 2491: 2248:("I'm not dissatisfied"), 2242:("it can't be not seen"), 2111:nikad nisam tamo išao/išla 1994: 1985: 1979: 1969: 1856:A mi tampoco nun me presta 1513:("I haven't said nothing") 1102:Hello Gutter, Hello Fadder 820:I didn't go nowhere today. 654: 643: 15: 3539:Harper Collins Publishers 3186:10.1163/9789004365445_005 3151:10067/1361340151162165141 2864:→ Modern Standard French 2716:know") or idiomatically " 2557: 2540: 2526: 2140: 2128: 2122: 2082: 2080:has a negative meaning: " 2076: 2070: 2057: 2051: 2045: 2032: 2026: 2020: 1871:with other negatives, so 1635:Il n'y a plus de batterie 1618: 1613: 1605: 1600: 1592: 1587: 1437:A few examples would be: 1170:. A notable exception is 1124:Another Brick in the Wall 765:Southern American English 681:There isn't no other way! 666:There isn't no other way. 3465:Oxford Dictionaries Blog 3403:Kirby, Philippa (n.d.). 3311:Fraser, Antonia (1973). 3017:Redundancy (linguistics) 2977:Affirmative and negative 2908:"I didn't see" >> 2558:彼は日本語を勉強したから漢字で書けないわけがない 2405:with negative pronouns: 1953: 1886: 1405:". The German emphatic " 1369:Ik ne willen da nie doen 1162:Other Germanic languages 3683:(in Czech). 1997-01-01. 3603:" can be used without " 3093:Decode Mandarin Chinese 2982:Agreement (linguistics) 2945:"he ate" is negated as 2913: 2904: 2860: 2390:kādreiz, kāds, kaut kas 2389: 2379: 2358: 2309: 2307:" would be rendered as 1947:chaiff Aled fawr o bres 1874:Jo tampoc no l'he vista 1855: 1849: 1837:Non voglio non mangiare 1723: 1717: 1711: 1419: 1413: 1395: 1360:Low Franconian dialects 1168:West Germanic languages 1032:duplex negatio affirmat 830:You don't know nothing. 825:I'm not hungry no more. 793: 787: 725:back-handed compliments 687:= There's no other way! 3635: 3605: 3599: 3566:A Grammar of Afrikaans 3344:Forster, John (1840). 3226:. Heinle. p. 15. 2963: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2895: 2885: 2872: 2866: 2842: 2833:Historical development 2508: 2502: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2434: 2407: 2260:("I can't disagree"). 2256: 2250: 2244: 2238: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2192: 2175: 2169: 2159: 2153: 2116: 2110: 2104: 1946: 1940: 1933: 1925: 1915: 1909: 1898: 1880:Eu tampouco non a vira 1879: 1873: 1836: 1834:("I want to eat") and 1830: 1824: 1818: 1812: 1806: 1800: 1771: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1741: 1735: 1709:, the double negation 1701: 1691: 1680: 1673: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1649: 1642: 1634: 1626: 1623:, as in the sentences 1574: 1568: 1562: 1556: 1550: 1544: 1538: 1532: 1526: 1407: 1401: 1382: 1368: 1335: 1319: 1302: 1290: 1281: 1275: 1266: 1259: 1253: 1235: 1219: 1203: 1192:geweet dat hy sou kom 1187: 1039: 925:I'm not hungry no more 887:Je ne veux pas savoir. 802:battle of Marston Moor 753: 584: 568: 20:. For other uses, see 3571:. Walter de Gruyter. 3492:Kallel, Amel (2011). 3142:10.1075/sl.40.3.01van 2840: 2380:nekad, neviens, nekas 2212:("nobody absent") or 1916:Chaiff Aled ddim mynd 1850:Yo nunca nun lu viera 1426:Another exception is 1204:Ek het geweet dat hy 1029: 849:go to the park today. 738: 316:Conditional sentences 3693:Jiří Haller, V. Š.: 3541:. pp. 532–533. 2919:Early Modern English 2704:méiyǒu rén bù zhīdào 2160:Nikogo nie widziałem 1980:οὐδείς οὐκ ἔπασχέ τι 1495:It is common to add 1036:duplex negatio negat 946:I did not go nowhere 750:The Canterbury Tales 741:Ellesmere Manuscript 657:): this is known as 625:is resolved via the 3651:The Syntax of Welsh 3521:, pp. 130–131. 3130:Studies in Language 2817:the case that I do 2534:shinakereba naranai 2509:Asla memnun değilim 2485:ei edes niin paljoa 2385:indefinite pronouns 2287:indefinite pronouns 2170:ne poznam kogarkoli 1310:("I never see you") 1298:("I don't see you") 1014:William Shakespeare 739:The Friar from the 33:Part of a series on 3695:O českém záporu. I 3619:Drouard, Aurélie. 3256:. Merriam-Webster. 3107:"Double Negatives" 3095:. 4 December 2016. 2843: 2548:shinakereba ikenai 2383:) are replaced by 2331:subordinate clause 2257:nemohu nesouhlasit 2221:všichni tam nebyli 1986:μὴ θορυβήσῃ μηδείς 1721:("I eat not") and 1507:("nothing"), i.e. 1228:, want hy is siek. 1128:The Rolling Stones 1040: 995:In which they were 754: 3706:Tereza Filinová: 3660:978-0-521-83630-2 3636:Non vedo alcunché 3548:978-0-00-738815-8 3505:978-1-4438-2815-4 3381:978-3-110-21929-6 3322:978-0-917657-90-0 3288:"double negative" 3268:"double negative" 3248:"double negative" 2992:Jespersen's cycle 2914:I ne saugh nawiht 2853:Jespersen's cycle 2847:Jespersen's Cycle 2658:, "I must go"), " 2582:Chinese languages 2520:Japanese employs 2429:, which uses the 2326:esmu bijis parādā 2245:nejsem nespokojen 2176:ne poznam nikogar 2068:A combination of 2043:A combination of 2018:A combination of 1729:Jespersen's cycle 1643:On ne sait jamais 1144:Ain't No Sunshine 617:are functionally 548:negative polarity 457:emphatic negation 445:Multiple negation 433: 432: 3792: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3750: 3745:. Aboutmalta.com 3739: 3733: 3726: 3720: 3717: 3711: 3704: 3698: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3675:"nikdo nezraněn" 3671: 3665: 3664: 3646: 3640: 3638: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3616: 3610: 3608: 3602: 3595: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3585: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3537:(1st ed.). 3528: 3522: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3489: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3476: 3467:. Archived from 3458: 3452: 3446: 3440: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3425: 3424: 3418: 3411: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3367: 3361: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3298: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3219: 3213: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3153: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3103: 3097: 3096: 3085: 3079: 3071: 3065: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3033: 2966: 2956: 2950: 2944: 2916: 2907: 2898: 2888: 2883:(thus in French 2876:"I don't say"). 2875: 2869: 2863: 2811: 2804: 2803: 2768: 2761: 2760: 2731: 2706: 2699: 2698: 2678: 2671: 2670: 2656: 2649: 2648: 2642: 2633: 2632: 2612: 2599: 2598: 2578:Mandarin Chinese 2567: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2550: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2536: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2511: 2505: 2503:Hiçbir şeyim yok 2487: 2481: 2479:jopa niin paljon 2476:("even"), as in 2475: 2469: 2463: 2457: 2437: 2410: 2397:Uralic languages 2392: 2382: 2376: 2362:bijis tā, ka es 2328: 2264:Baltic languages 2259: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2235: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2211: 2209:nepřítomen nikdo 2205: 2195: 2178: 2172: 2162: 2156: 2154:widziałem nikogo 2143: 2142: 2141:я ничего не знаю 2137: 2136: 2131: 2130: 2125: 2124: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2096:Slavic languages 2090:Slavic languages 2085: 2084: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2072: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2053: 2048: 2047: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2028: 2023: 2022: 1997: 1996: 1988: 1987: 1982: 1981: 1972: 1971: 1949: 1943: 1936: 1928: 1918: 1912: 1910:Dydy hi ddim yma 1901: 1882: 1876: 1861:Standard Catalan 1858: 1852: 1839: 1833: 1827: 1821: 1815: 1809: 1803: 1774: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1704: 1694: 1687:Northern Catalan 1684: 1683: 1676: 1670: 1664: 1662:Je ne marche pas 1658: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1638: 1637: 1630: 1629: 1621: 1620: 1616: 1615: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1602: 1595: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1577: 1571: 1565: 1559: 1553: 1547: 1541: 1535: 1529: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1505: 1500: 1499: 1480: 1479: 1452: 1451: 1422: 1416: 1410: 1404: 1398: 1385: 1371: 1349: 1330: 1309: 1297: 1284: 1278: 1269: 1262: 1256: 1246: 1230: 1214: 1198: 950:I went somewhere 943: 810:Valentine Walton 796: 790: 782:Canterbury Tales 697:Standard English 601: 581: 537:Standard English 453:negative concord 425: 418: 411: 393:Grammar disputes 389:Double negatives 386: 49: 30: 29: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3790: 3789: 3760: 3759: 3758: 3757: 3748: 3746: 3741: 3740: 3736: 3727: 3723: 3718: 3714: 3705: 3701: 3692: 3688: 3673: 3672: 3668: 3661: 3647: 3643: 3632: 3628: 3617: 3613: 3596: 3592: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3560: 3556: 3549: 3529: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3506: 3490: 3483: 3474: 3472: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3447: 3443: 3435: 3431: 3422: 3420: 3416: 3409: 3401: 3397: 3382: 3368: 3364: 3359: 3355: 3342: 3338: 3323: 3309: 3305: 3296: 3294: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3265: 3261: 3246: 3245: 3241: 3234: 3220: 3216: 3208: 3206: 3196: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3122: 3118: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3072: 3068: 3061: 3057: 3050: 3034: 3030: 3025: 2973: 2849: 2835: 2774:think there is 2676:Wǒ bù dé bù zǒu 2575: 2564: 2547: 2533: 2518: 2494: 2399: 2266: 2251:není nezajímavý 2227:nikdo tam nebyl 2134: 2092: 2004: 1961: 1956: 1889: 1831:Voglio mangiare 1819:Non vedo niente 1566:means "never", 1522: 1164: 1082:Stinking Badges 1068: 1052:James Greenwood 1030:Distinction of 941: 897:; I'm thinking. 806:Oliver Cromwell 775:: for example, 733: 651: 646: 437:double negative 429: 400: 399: 395: 391: 387: 382: 381: 376: 368: 367: 363: 359: 355: 350: 340: 339: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 302: 292: 291: 290: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 268:Irregular verbs 266: 262: 243: 224: 222:Auxiliary verbs 219: 209: 208: 207: 203: 199: 184: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 107: 103: 98: 88: 87: 86: 75: 64: 59: 39:English grammar 28: 25: 18:double negation 12: 11: 5: 3798: 3788: 3787: 3782: 3777: 3772: 3756: 3755: 3734: 3721: 3712: 3699: 3686: 3666: 3659: 3641: 3626: 3611: 3590: 3577: 3554: 3547: 3523: 3511: 3504: 3481: 3453: 3441: 3429: 3395: 3380: 3362: 3353: 3336: 3321: 3303: 3279: 3259: 3239: 3232: 3214: 3194: 3165: 3136:(3): 473–512. 3116: 3098: 3080: 3075:Grammarly blog 3066: 3055: 3048: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2972: 2969: 2910:Middle English 2845:Main article: 2834: 2831: 2574: 2571: 2517: 2514: 2493: 2490: 2431:auxiliary verb 2398: 2395: 2265: 2262: 2203:nikdo nezraněn 2193:nikdo nepřišel 2135:ne znam nishto 2100:Serbo-Croatian 2091: 2088: 2003: 2000: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1888: 1885: 1627:Je ne sais pas 1560:means "ever", 1521: 1518: 1515: 1514: 1493: 1472:קיין מורא פאר 1464: 1356: 1355: 1332: 1312: 1311: 1299: 1249: 1248: 1232: 1216: 1200: 1163: 1160: 1067: 1066:In film and TV 1064: 1021: 1020: 1006: 1005: 992: 982:Existentialism 971: 970: 966:Existentialism 908: 907: 896: 893:I'm not doing 870: 869: 860: 851: 838: 837: 832: 827: 822: 800:Following the 773:Middle English 732: 729: 689: 688: 684: 683: 674: 673: 669: 668: 650: 647: 645: 642: 634:understatement 623:disambiguation 509:modern English 431: 430: 428: 427: 420: 413: 405: 402: 401: 377: 374: 373: 370: 369: 357:Capitalization 351: 346: 345: 342: 341: 303: 298: 297: 294: 293: 220: 215: 214: 211: 210: 159:Interrogatives 132:Demonstratives 99: 94: 93: 90: 89: 60: 55: 54: 51: 50: 42: 41: 35: 34: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3797: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3744: 3738: 3731: 3725: 3716: 3709: 3703: 3696: 3690: 3682: 3681: 3676: 3670: 3662: 3656: 3652: 3645: 3637: 3630: 3622: 3615: 3607: 3601: 3594: 3580: 3578:9783110134261 3574: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3558: 3550: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3535: 3527: 3520: 3515: 3507: 3501: 3497: 3496: 3488: 3486: 3471:on 2012-02-15 3470: 3466: 3463: 3457: 3450: 3445: 3438: 3433: 3419:on 2010-08-03 3415: 3408: 3407: 3399: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3377: 3373: 3366: 3357: 3349: 3348: 3340: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3318: 3314: 3307: 3293: 3289: 3283: 3275: 3274: 3269: 3263: 3255: 3254: 3249: 3243: 3235: 3233:0-15-508481-X 3229: 3225: 3218: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3195:9789004341999 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3169: 3161: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3120: 3112: 3108: 3102: 3094: 3090: 3084: 3078: 3076: 3070: 3064: 3059: 3051: 3049:9781134773336 3045: 3041: 3040: 3032: 3028: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2968: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2938: 2934: 2933:Indo-European 2930: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2915: 2911: 2906: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2867:je ne dis pas 2862: 2858: 2854: 2848: 2839: 2830: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2810: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2781: 2778:one who does 2777: 2773: 2769: 2767: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2741: 2739: 2736:one who does 2735: 2730: 2729: 2728:wú rén bù zhī 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2705: 2696: 2692: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2677: 2668: 2664: 2657: 2655: 2643: 2641: 2640: 2627: 2624: 2620: 2617: 2613: 2611: 2610: 2603: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2570: 2568: 2553: 2551: 2537: 2523: 2513: 2510: 2504: 2499: 2489: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2451: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2423: 2421: 2417: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2394: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2375: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2295: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2275: 2271: 2268:As with most 2261: 2258: 2252: 2246: 2240: 2239:nelze nevidět 2234: 2228: 2222: 2216: 2210: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2182: 2177: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2101: 2097: 2087: 2066: 2064: 2041: 2039: 2016: 2015: 2011: 2009: 1999: 1990: 1976: 1966: 1965:Ancient Greek 1959:Ancient Greek 1951: 1948: 1942: 1937: 1935: 1929: 1927: 1920: 1917: 1911: 1906: 1902: 1900: 1894: 1884: 1881: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1857: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1838: 1832: 1826: 1820: 1814: 1808: 1802: 1801:Não vejo nada 1798:. Portuguese 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1776: 1773: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1749: 1743: 1737: 1732: 1730: 1725: 1719: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1699:, which uses 1698: 1693: 1688: 1682: 1675: 1669: 1668:No camino pas 1663: 1657: 1651: 1644: 1636: 1628: 1622: 1609: 1596: 1583: 1579: 1576: 1570: 1569:non...numquam 1564: 1558: 1552: 1546: 1540: 1536:means "any", 1534: 1528: 1517: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1455: 1449: 1446: 1440: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1424: 1421: 1415: 1414:(går) nia ned 1409: 1403: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1384: 1379: 1378:Belgian Dutch 1375: 1370: 1365: 1361: 1353: 1348: 1346: 1343:met jou saam 1342: 1339: 1333: 1329: 1327: 1324:met jou saam 1323: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1308: 1306: 1300: 1296: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1283: 1277: 1271: 1268: 1261: 1255: 1245: 1243: 1239: 1233: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1217: 1213: 1211: 1207: 1201: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1114: 1113:Harry Enfield 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1093: 1092: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1078:chimney sweep 1075: 1074: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1037: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1004: 1003:Paradise Lost 1000: 996: 993: 991: 988: 987: 986: 984: 983: 979: 969: 967: 963: 958: 957: 956: 953: 951: 947: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 913: 906: 903: 902: 901: 898: 894: 889: 888: 884: 880: 876: 868: 866: 861: 859: 857: 852: 850: 848: 843: 842: 841: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 817: 816: 813: 811: 807: 803: 798: 795: 789: 784: 783: 778: 774: 770: 766: 761: 759: 752: 751: 746: 742: 737: 728: 726: 721: 716: 712: 710: 706: 702: 698: 693: 686: 685: 682: 679: 678: 677: 671: 670: 667: 664: 663: 662: 660: 656: 641: 639: 635: 630: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 603: 600: 599: 595: 591: 587: 580: 579: 575: 571: 565: 561: 557: 554: 549: 544: 542: 541:Typologically 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 426: 421: 419: 414: 412: 407: 406: 404: 403: 398: 394: 390: 385: 380: 375:Variant usage 372: 371: 366: 362: 358: 354: 353:Abbreviations 349: 344: 343: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 312: 311: 306: 301: 296: 295: 289: 285: 281: 280:Phrasal verbs 277: 276:Passive voice 273: 269: 265: 260: 259: 255: 251: 246: 241: 240: 236: 232: 227: 223: 218: 213: 212: 206: 202: 201:Subordinators 197: 196: 192: 187: 182: 181: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 155:Interjections 152: 148: 143: 142: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 116: 115: 110: 106: 102: 97: 92: 91: 84: 83: 82:frequentative 78: 73: 72: 67: 63: 58: 53: 52: 48: 44: 43: 40: 37: 36: 32: 31: 23: 19: 3747:. Retrieved 3737: 3729: 3724: 3715: 3708:Klady záporu 3702: 3689: 3678: 3669: 3650: 3644: 3629: 3614: 3593: 3582:. Retrieved 3567: 3564: 3557: 3533: 3526: 3514: 3494: 3473:. Retrieved 3469:the original 3464: 3456: 3451:, p. 5. 3444: 3439:, p. 4. 3432: 3421:. Retrieved 3414:the original 3405: 3398: 3371: 3365: 3356: 3346: 3339: 3312: 3306: 3295:. Retrieved 3291: 3282: 3271: 3262: 3251: 3242: 3223: 3217: 3207:, retrieved 3177: 3168: 3133: 3129: 3119: 3110: 3101: 3092: 3083: 3074: 3069: 3058: 3038: 3031: 2958: 2926: 2921: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2850: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2806: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2763: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2742: 2737: 2733: 2732:, "There is 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2701: 2694: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2673: 2666: 2662: 2651: 2635: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2615: 2605: 2595: 2591: 2584:also employ 2576: 2562: 2554: 2545: 2531: 2519: 2495: 2449: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2424: 2419: 2415: 2412: 2408:Nincs semmim 2400: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2342: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2272: 2267: 2185: 2180: 2146: 2129:не знам нищо 2093: 2067: 2062: 2042: 2037: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2008:Modern Greek 2005: 2002:Modern Greek 1991: 1974: 1962: 1931: 1923: 1921: 1896: 1890: 1868: 1842: 1816:and Italian 1813:Nu văd nimic 1796:correlatives 1777: 1733: 1665:and Catalan 1611: 1598: 1585: 1580: 1545:non...nullus 1542:means "no", 1523: 1516: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1447: 1444: 1436: 1425: 1388: 1357: 1351: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1325: 1321: 1313: 1304: 1303:Ek sien jou 1292: 1291:Ek sien jou 1272: 1250: 1241: 1237: 1225: 1221: 1209: 1205: 1193: 1189: 1175: 1165: 1148:Bill Withers 1136:Ain't Nobody 1117: 1110: 1098:The Simpsons 1097: 1096: 1089: 1076:(1964), the 1073:Mary Poppins 1071: 1069: 1059: 1056:Robert Lowth 1047: 1045: 1041: 1035: 1031: 1022: 1009: 994: 989: 975: 972: 959: 954: 949: 948:resolves to 945: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 911: 909: 904: 892: 890: 886: 882: 874: 871: 864: 862: 858:go to sleep! 855: 853: 846: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 799: 780: 762: 758:non-standard 755: 748: 717: 713: 709:weasel words 704: 701:Robert Lowth 694: 690: 680: 675: 665: 652: 631: 615:collocations 604: 597: 593: 589: 585: 577: 573: 569: 563: 559: 555: 552: 545: 456: 452: 444: 436: 434: 388: 336:Zero-marking 308: 248: 229: 189: 178: 175:Prepositions 167:Portmanteaus 139: 124:Coordinators 112: 80: 69: 3519:Kallel 2011 2901:Old English 2654:Wǒ bìxū zǒu 2621:" or "shall 2339:main clause 2335:subjunctive 2021:χωρίς/δίχως 1895:, the word 1810:, Romanian 1807:No veo nada 1681:Je sais pas 1417:" or even " 1273:The second 1156:Marvin Gaye 1086:John Huston 1084:" scene of 1018:Richard III 999:John Milton 535:and modern 493:Old English 348:Orthography 332:Periphrasis 272:Modal verbs 239:subjunctive 231:conditional 171:Possessives 151:Intensifier 136:Determiners 3764:Categories 3749:2013-08-10 3584:2013-08-10 3475:2012-02-15 3449:Kirby n.d. 3437:Kirby n.d. 3423:2010-08-03 3297:2012-06-11 3209:2022-06-02 3023:References 2905:ic ne seah 2873:je dis pas 2861:jeo ne dis 2857:Old French 2821:know that 2283:Lithuanian 1941:wyddai neb 1891:In spoken 1804:, Spanish 1788:Portuguese 1754:nulle part 1712:no ... mìa 1575:nonnumquam 1490:no one not 1430:for which 1383:nooit niet 1350:("I don't 1140:Chaka Khan 1120:Pink Floyd 942:−(−2) = +2 461:Portuguese 324:Do-support 310:in English 284:Verb usage 250:continuous 235:imperative 147:Expletives 105:Adjectives 96:Word types 71:in English 57:Morphology 3785:Ambiguity 3780:Semantics 3390:884495145 3204:201437288 3160:0378-4177 2929:circumfix 2922:I saw not 2813:, "It is 2680:, "I must 2580:and most 2541:しなければいけない 2527:しなければならない 2403:Hungarian 2270:synthetic 2165:Slovenian 2065:find it. 2040:find it. 1760:ne...plus 1724:vegno mìa 1718:magno mìa 1582:In French 1551:nonnullus 1484:("I have 1420:nie nicht 1172:Afrikaans 1100:episode " 1050:of 1711, 854:We can't 845:I didn't 611:registers 607:varieties 501:Afrikaans 481:Bulgarian 328:Inversion 180:List here 141:List here 128:Compounds 3732:. p. 130 3012:Pleonasm 3007:Negation 2971:See also 2948:ma kielx 2825:one does 2770:, "I do 2712:one does 2609:bù dé bù 2516:Japanese 2350:anything 2301:anything 2014:Examples 1865:Galician 1845:Asturian 1792:Romanian 1748:personne 1707:Venetian 1488:fear of 1468:איך האב 1443:איך האב 1408:niemals! 1391:Bavarian 1374:Garderen 1364:Flanders 1362:of west 1336:Ek stem 1320:Ek stem 1208:sou kom 978:Nihilism 962:Nihilism 912:to doubt 627:contexts 529:Japanese 441:negation 254:habitual 186:Pronouns 120:Articles 101:Acronyms 77:Suffixes 66:Prefixes 3770:Grammar 3002:Litotes 2937:Maltese 2614:, "must 2586:litotes 2573:Chinese 2522:litotes 2498:Turkish 2492:Turkish 2427:Finnish 2372:kaut ko 2364:kādreiz 2337:in the 2318:vienam 2279:Latvian 1905:mutated 1784:Italian 1780:Spanish 1697:Occitan 1563:numquam 1504:גארנישט 1445:קיינמאל 1428:Yiddish 1366:(e.g., 1236:Dit is 1220:Hy sal 1188:Ek het 1150:), and 1111:In the 1046:In his 937:no more 895:nothing 777:Chaucer 745:Chaucer 720:litotes 676:versus 659:litotes 644:English 638:litotes 598:nessuno 592:dovuto 578:ninguém 560:nothing 533:Swedish 513:Chinese 497:Italian 489:Spanish 473:Russian 465:Persian 305:Clauses 258:perfect 109:Adverbs 62:Plurals 3657: 3575: 3545: 3502: 3388: 3378: 3331:728428 3329: 3319: 3230: 3202: 3192: 3158: 3046: 2881:per se 2602:Pinyin 2446:-kaan, 2374:parādā 2370:bijis 2354:anyone 2305:anyone 2198:copula 2181:anyone 2149:Polish 2071:δε/δεν 2052:δε/δεν 2046:δε/δεν 2027:δε/δεν 1975:no one 1970:οὐδείς 1736:Jamais 1656:passus 1639:, and 1619:jamais 1557:umquam 1539:nullus 1474:קיינעם 1461:didn't 1450:געזאגט 1432:Slavic 921:hungry 879:adverb 867:watch. 703:wrote 564:no one 521:German 505:Hebrew 503:, and 477:Polish 469:French 449:clause 365:Hyphen 320:Copula 300:Syntax 245:Aspect 195:person 3417:(PDF) 3410:(PDF) 3200:S2CID 2987:Idiom 2896:nicht 2450:-kään 2416:sem-, 2368:kādam 2366:būtu 2299:owed 2274:satem 2188:Czech 1954:Greek 1893:Welsh 1887:Welsh 1685:. 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