377:
22:
1692:
257:, to meet her at Perth. There, a quarrel between Moray and Darnley would escalate, Rizzio would strike the first blow, and others would ensure Moray was killed. Thomas Randolph described this plan differently, and his version does not involve Rizzio. Moray however did not come to Perth, but stayed at
300:
Since yon fellow Davie fell in credit and familiarity with your
Majesty, you regarded me not, neither treated me nor entertained me after your wonted fashion; for every day before dinner, you would come to my chamber and pass time with me, and thus long time ye have not done done so; and when I come
367:
After his murder, it was noted that Rizzio had been living in wealthy circumstances. He was said to have £2,000 Sterling in gold coins, good clothing including 18 pairs of velvet hose, and his chamber at
Holyroodhouse was well-furnished with a variety of hand-guns described as daggs, pistolets, and
448:
Rizzio was first buried in the cemetery of
Holyrood Abbey. Buchanan states that shortly afterwards his body was removed by the Queen's orders and deposited in the tomb of the kings of Scotland in Holyrood Abbey. This strengthened the previous rumours of her familiarity with him. Rumours circulated
444:
After this violent struggle, Rizzio was dragged through the bed-chamber into the adjacent
Audience Chamber and stabbed an alleged 57 times. His body was thrown down the main staircase nearby (now disused) and stripped of his jewels and fine clothes. The location of Rizzio's murder is marked with a
225:
Rizzio was considered a good musician and excellent singer, which brought him to the attention of the cosmopolitan young queen. Towards the end of 1564, having grown wealthy under her patronage, he became the queen's secretary for relations with France, after the previous occupant of the post had
301:
to your
Majesty's chamber, you bear me little company, except Davie had been the third "marrow" : and after supper your Majesty hath a use to sit at cards with the said Davie till one or two of the clock after midnight; and this is the entertainment that I have had of you this long time.
789:
sent letters to a number of men, requiring they attend in
Edinburgh to answer questions. John Carmichael of Meadowflat, later Captain of Crawford, was given a remission or pardon in 1574 for his "art and part" in the detention of Mary at Holyrood from the 9 to 11 March 1566.
186:. Mary was having dinner with Rizzio and a few ladies-in-waiting when Darnley joined them, accused his wife of adultery and then had a group murder Rizzio, who was hiding behind Mary. Mary was held at gunpoint and Rizzio was stabbed numerous times. His body took 57
537:
discussed the news. De Foix seems at first to have been misled about the events, thinking that
Darnley had killed Rizzio because he found such a lowly servant having an adulterous relationship with Mary, an idea not present in the reports of the murder.
545:
and was appointed secretary in David's place by 25 April 1566. Joseph and an
Italian colleague, Joseph Lutyni, had some trouble over coins taken from the queen's purse, and in April 1567 he was accused and acquitted with Bothwell of Darnley's murder.
272:
After the marriage in July 1565, rumours became rife that Mary was having an adulterous affair with Rizzio. It was said (in 1568) that Mary and
Darnley's love decayed after they returned from the campaign against Moray's rebellion, known as the
457:
Immediately after the murder Mary was able to speak to Lord
Darnley, and may have convinced him they were both in danger and captives in the palace. The guard around her was relaxed and at midnight the next day they escaped and she rode behind
585:
tried to get Buchanan to rewrite the passage while the book was at the printers. Buchanan asked his cousin, Thomas Buchanan, a schoolmaster in Stirling, if he thought the story was true, and the cousin agreed. The story was published.
368:
arquebuses, and 22 swords. He was said to be wearing a very rich jewel at his neck when he was killed, and was wearing a satin doublet and a furred damask night gown, perhaps the garment mentioned in the earlier French report.
1671:, LL.D., vol.1. 1545–1569, Edinburgh, 1877, p. 437, lists all those charged with "the slauchter of David Riccio." Given the very many names shown, it presumably includes those in the wider conspiracy.
437:, and demanded that Rizzio be handed over. The Queen refused. Rizzio then hid behind Mary but was nevertheless seized. Mary would allege that one of the intruders, Patrick Bellenden (brother of the
329:. Mary gave him gifts of rich fabric from her wardrobe, including black velvet figured with gold, and five pieces of gold cloth figured with scales. It was said that Rizzio took bribes.
1405:
631:
527:
John Bellenden (whose brother was alleged to have pointed a gun at the queen), and some gentlemen of Lothian, who were all suspected of having knowledge of the plan had fled.
1161:
562:
to be the "Scottish Solomon", he remarked that "he hoped he was not David the fiddler's son", alluding to the possibility that Rizzio, not Darnley, fathered King James.
218:. The Count in Scotland had no employment for Rizzio, and dismissed him. He ingratiated himself with the Queen's musicians, whom she had brought with her from France.
239:
429:
On the night of the murder the royal guards were overpowered and the palace was turned over to the control of the rebels. The Queen was six months pregnant (with
289:, that Darnley had a key to a secondary door to Mary's bedchamber, but found it locked or barred against him. Thereafter, he resolved to be revenged on Rizzio.
1796:
296:, Darnley described the circumstances of his jealousy to Mary, after Darnley's murder. This account also focusses on Rizzio's presence in Mary's bedchamber:
449:
about the motive for the murder: that Darnley was jealous, or that powerful lords sought to manipulate Darnley and remove an irritating presence at court.
281:, Darnley discovered Rizzio in the closet of Mary's bedchamber at Holyrood house in the middle of the night dressed only in a fur gown over his shirt.
445:
small plaque in the Audience Chamber, underneath which is a red mark on the floorboards, which reportedly was left when Rizzio was stabbed to death.
806:
277:, when Mary was "using the said David more like a lover than a servant, forsaking her husband's bed". According to the report of a French diplomat,
636:
317:, was jealous of Rizzio's increasing power. Maitland made Darnley jealous of Rizzio, hoping that the naive king-consort would destroy his rival.
226:
retired. Rizzio was ambitious, controlling access to the queen and seeing himself as almost a Secretary of State. Other courtiers felt that as a
222:, a friend of Rizzio, said that "Her Majesty had three valets in her chamber, who sung three parts, and wanted a bass to sing the fourth part".
341:, but Rizzio refused saying he would not act for £20,000. Rizzio's involvement with pardons for the Chaseabout rebels sparked Darnley's envy.
250:
later wrote that Rizzio had "insinuated himself in the favours of Lord Darnley so far, that they would lie some times in one bed together".
246:
described Rizzio gaining Darnley's favour. As their familiarity grew, Rizzio was admitted to Darnley's chamber, bed, and secret confidence.
178:, is said to have been jealous of their friendship because of rumours that Rizzio had impregnated Mary, and he joined in a conspiracy of
1761:
1786:
1746:
410:
were seated at the supper table. The supper room, which still exists as part of the bedchamber, and was then "a cabinet about XII
253:
George Buchanan wrote about events and plots in June 1565 before the royal wedding. He claims that Mary summoned her brother, the
1771:
1756:
211:
1781:
1776:
262:
441:), pointed his gun at her pregnant belly while Andrew Kerr of Faldonsyde threatened to stab her. Lord Ruthven denied this.
210:. However, finding no opportunities for advancement there, he found means in 1561 to get himself admitted into the train of
1791:
1347:
HMC Calendar of the manuscripts of the Most Honourable the Marquess of Salisbury preserved at Hatfield House, Hertfordshire
415:
190:
wounds. The murder was the catalyst of the downfall of Darnley, and had serious consequences for Mary's subsequent reign.
757:
735:
438:
330:
1706:
1766:
1721:
493:
831:
725:
720:
530:
509:
505:
497:
434:
325:
His annual salary for the post of valet was 150 Francs or £75 Scots. In 1565 he got £80 in four installments paid by
183:
137:
76:
859:
625:
520:
254:
1751:
752:
655:
433:) at the time, and some accused Rizzio of having impregnated her. The rebels burst into the supper room, led by
414:
square, in the same a little low reposinge bedde, and a table" according to an account of the murder written by
730:
582:
513:
310:
1703:
Manuscript of extracts of letters sent by Mary to her uncle, the Cardinal of Lorraine, with news of the murder
597:
jurisdiction, and Rizzio's death was recorded in the Canongate registers. This pre-dated the building of the
1696:
459:
407:
1741:
1299:
1122:
917:
483:
419:
1578:
1076:
198:
Rizzio (whose name appears in Italian records as Davide Riccio di Pancalieri in Piemonte) went first from
1801:
1332:
1176:
1045:
1017:
924:
577:
within. Buchanan described this circumstance as reflecting badly on the Queen. Fearing that Mary's son,
1277:
1107:
1103:
1072:
849:
708:
345:
175:
951:
1736:
786:
219:
1806:
1411:
1198:
662:
The murder of Rizzio and the subsequent downfall of Darnley form the main subject of the 1830 play
475:
326:
1475:
The History of Mary Stewart: From the Murder of Riccio Until Her Flight Into England by Claude Nau
1424:
The History of Mary Stewart: From the Murder of Riccio Until Her Flight Into England by Claude Nau
1350:
1294:(Ipswich, 1842): W. Park, 'Letter of Thomas Randolph to the Earl of Leicester, 14 February 1566',
1324:
1219:
615:
399:
391:
490:
rather than return to the palace. On 21 March she had Darnley declared innocent of the murder.
361:
650:
1726:
1407:
Mary, Queen of Scots at the Palace of Holyroodhouse: A Creative Writing Resource for Teachers
889:
683:
471:
353:
25:
Seventeenth-century portrait, traditionally said to be of David Rizzio, private secretary of
687:, Holmes vocally dismissing the idea that Rizzio was ever anything more than entertainment.
1731:
1702:
578:
559:
171:
26:
1092:
The Challenge to the Crown: The Struggle for Influence in the Reign of Mary Queen of Scots
8:
574:
570:
542:
517:
170:, the Riccio Counts di San Paolo e Solbrito, who rose to become the private secretary of
1677:
History and Character of Scots Music, including Anecdotes of the Celebrated David Rizzio
667:
423:
690:
555:
524:
1260:
1153:
827:
645:
395:
1658:
Some Particulars of the Life of David Riccio, chief favourite of Mary Queen of Scots
1007:(Edinburgh: John Paton, 1727), p. 528, "ut lectum, cubiculum, secretosque sermones".
1668:
1190:
900:
848:
334:
258:
247:
150:
111:
93:
85:
47:
30:
693:
used the death of Rizzio as a plot point in his 1908 story, “The Silver Mirror”.
678:
282:
274:
243:
227:
1609:
877:
819:
610:
598:
590:
566:
565:
George Buchanan wrote in 1581 that David was first buried outside the door of
486:. Mary returned to Edinburgh with her supporters, and took up lodgings on the
1715:
715:
501:
467:
403:
203:
34:
534:
463:
390:
Jealousy precipitated Rizzio's murder in the Queen's supper chamber in the
338:
278:
1524:
697:
411:
357:
569:, and then Mary arranged for him to be buried in the tomb of her father
854:
674:
487:
314:
309:, tells the story in a different way, asserting that Mary's secretary,
179:
159:
1241:
Embroidering Her Truth: Mary, Queen of Scots and the Language of Power
29:. Contemporary accounts describe him as ugly, short and hunch-backed.
782:
769:
747:
594:
384:
238:
Rizzio became an ally of Lord Darnley, and helped with plans for his
1292:
A Narrative of the Minority of Mary Queen of Scots by James Maitland
496:
arrived in Edinburgh from London and reported back to Elizabeth and
620:
479:
430:
215:
167:
155:
337:
wrote that he offered Rizzio £5,000 to prevent the forfeit of the
376:
266:
1691:
1614:
A British frontier? Lairds and Gentlemen in the Eastern Borders
863:. Vol. 48. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 98–100.
640:
349:
187:
21:
1331:, series 1 vol. 2 (London, 1824), p. 210: John Parker Lawson,
166:, a descendant of an ancient and noble family still living in
199:
163:
123:
1531:, 2 (Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1874), pp. 78–80: Allan Crosbie,
711:
listed these men among the participants in Rizzio's murder:
207:
129:
126:
68:
65:
233:
905:
Dynastic Politics and the British Reformations, 1558-1630
120:
56:
554:
David Rizzio's career was remembered and referred to by
696:
Rizzio's murder is also the subject of Scottish author
1247:(Edinburgh, 1863), pp. 155, 159, 161: Thomas Thomson,
1243:(London: Sceptre, 2022), pp. 157-8: Joseph Robertson,
1047:
History of the affairs of church and state in Scotland
601:
in 1688, and it is unlikely he could be buried there.
394:
at 8 o'clock on Saturday, 9 March 1566. Mary, Rizzio,
265:
planned to kidnap Mary and Darnley as they passed by
138:
77:
62:
1298:, 34:118 Part 2 (October 1955), pp. 135-139 at 138:
743:
William Sinclair of Herdmanston, laird of "Haughton"
593:
and burying ground. Holyroodhouse is within the old
117:
59:
53:
589:It is sometimes said that Rizzio was buried at the
541:Rizzio's brother, Joseph, arrived in Scotland with
292:According to Lord Ruthven, in the account known as
114:
50:
1596:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1900), 269–270: Henry Ellis,
1442:
1251:(Edinburgh, 1815), pp. 147 item 118, 149 item 146.
932:
673:Rizzio's life and death are a key plot element in
320:
1564:, vol. 2 (Glasgow, 1827), p .483 & footnote:
1279:Mary, Queen of Scots: Her Environment and Tragedy
1109:Mary, Queen of Scots: Her Environment and Tragedy
474:later claimed to have accompanied the queen with
1713:
826:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 236.
422:. The room had been decorated by Mary's servant
1368:Robert Stewart, Earl of Orkney Lord of Shetland
1167:British Library Cotton Caligula B.IX (2) f.270.
230:and a foreigner he was too close to the queen.
1216:Scotland's History: Approaches and Reflections
629:; by Tadeusz Pasternak in the BBC mini-series
500:on the aftermath of the murder. He noted that
1665:The Register of the Privy Council of Scotland
1642:, 6 (Edinburgh: HMSO, 1963), p. 485 no. 2684.
1111:, 2 (New York, 1905), p. 654, modernised here
967:Memoirs of his own Life by Sir James Melville
581:, would suppress his book, Buchanan's friend
352:in February 1566, celebrating the arrival of
1797:Politicians assassinated in the 16th century
1515:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1900), 267, 272, 274-5.
1160:(London, 1897), 384 fn.41 quoting Ruthven's
1049:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1844), pp. 300, 309–311
604:
1437:History of The Abbey and Palace of Holyrood
1394:History of The Abbey and Palace of Holyrood
1600:, series 1 vol. 2 (London, 1824), 220-222.
1547:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1900), 276, 311, 320.
1144:(Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club, 1830), p. 103.
1627:Register of the Privy Council of Scotland
1477:(Edinburgh, 1883), pp. ciii, 11, 16, 227.
1315:, series 1 vol. 2 (London, 1824), p. 218.
846:
768:Andrew Kerr of Fawdonsyde, son-in-law of
1533:Calendar State Papers Foreign, 1566–1568
1349:, vol. 1 (London, 1883), p. 333, and in
1218:(Scottish Academic Press, 1995), p. 63:
1142:Ane Cronickill of the Kingis of Scotland
375:
20:
1674:
1429:
1386:
1224:History of the Chapel Royal of Scotland
938:
807:Portrait of a man known as David Rizzio
234:Relationship with Darnley and with Mary
212:Carlo Ubertino Solaro, Count of Moretta
1714:
1655:
1640:Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland
1629:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1877), pp. 436-7.
1529:Mary, Queen of Scots, and her Accusers
1448:
1370:(Edinburgh: John Donald, 1982), p. 48.
1138:History of Scotland by George Buchanan
1094:(Book Guild Publishing, 2012), p. 191.
1033:History of Scotland by George Buchanan
992:History of Scotland by George Buchanan
980:History of Scotland by George Buchanan
818:
549:
261:. Rumours followed that Moray and the
214:, who was about to lead an embassy to
994:(London: Edward Jones, 1690), p. 172.
703:
470:. An English servant of Lord Darnley
149:
92:
1560:, book 17 chapter 65: James Aikman,
1490:, vol. 16 (London, 1933), pp. 17-18.
1464:, vol. 16 (London, 1933), pp. 17-18.
1383:, vol. 1 (London, 1838), pp. 229-30.
1355:, vol. 1 (London, 1838), pp. 226-235
1230:, vol. 19 (Edinburgh, 1898), p. 338.
847:Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1896).
762:The laird of Elphingstone (Johnston)
1679:. Universal Magazine, October 1778.
1503:, vol. 1 (London, 1838), pp. 230-1.
1334:History of Scotland by Robert Keith
926:History of Scotland by Robert Keith
13:
1080:, 2 (Edinburgh: STS, 1899), p. 182
1078:Historie and cronicles of Scotland
740:James Ormiston, laird of Ormiston.
14:
1818:
1762:Burials at the Canongate Kirkyard
1684:
1594:Calendar of State Papers Scotland
785:and John Craig. On 19 March, the
726:Patrick Lindsay, 6th Lord Lindsay
721:Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven
531:William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley
348:, Rizzio took part in a costumed
184:Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven
1787:Assassinated Italian politicians
1707:Bibliothèque nationale de France
1690:
1245:Inventaires de la Royne Descosse
1035:, 2 (Glasgow, 1827), pp. 468–69.
969:(Edinburgh, 1827), pp. 134, 136.
928:, 2 (Edinburgh, 1845), pp. 125–6
860:Dictionary of National Biography
396:Jean Stewart, Countess of Argyll
285:included a similar story in his
110:
46:
1747:Italian expatriates in Scotland
1632:
1619:
1603:
1586:
1571:
1550:
1538:
1535:(London, 1871), xi, 37 no. 217.
1518:
1506:
1493:
1480:
1467:
1454:
1426:(Edinburgh, 1883), pp. 16, 227.
1416:
1399:
1373:
1360:
1340:
1318:
1305:
1285:
1270:
1254:
1233:
1208:
1184:
1178:Historie of KIng James the Sext
1170:
1147:
1130:
1115:
1097:
1084:
1066:
1053:
1038:
1025:
1019:History of the Kirk of Scotland
1010:
997:
985:
972:
959:
321:Wealth, possessions and costume
1772:Italian people murdered abroad
1757:Deaths by stabbing in Scotland
1616:(Tuckwell, 2004), pp. 241–242.
1568:(Bannatyne Club, 1829), p. 86.
1566:The Diary of Mr James Melville
1545:Calendar State Papers Scotland
1513:Calendar State Papers Scotland
944:
910:
894:
883:
867:
840:
812:
800:
731:William Maitland of Lethington
514:William Maitland of Lethington
1:
1782:16th-century Italian nobility
1777:Court of Mary, Queen of Scots
1501:Queen Elizabeth and her Times
1381:Queen Elizabeth and her Times
1353:Queen Elizabeth and her Times
1336:, 2 (Edinburgh, 1845), p. 413
1140:, 2 (Glasgow, 1827), p. 478:
1021:, 2 (Edinburgh, 1844), p. 286
955:, vol. 2 (Paris, 1851), p. 50
793:
774:William Tweedie of Drumelzier
460:Arthur Erskine of Blackgrange
182:nobles to murder him, led by
98:
1300:National Library of Scotland
1281:, 2 (New York, 1905), p. 654
1276:Thomas Finlayson Henderson,
632:Gunpowder, Treason, and Plot
558:. Mocking the pretension of
452:
16:Italian courtier (1533–1566)
7:
1792:People murdered in Scotland
1435:Daniel, William S. (1852),
1392:Daniel, William S. (1852),
1228:Exchequer Rolls of Scotland
1197:(Edinburgh, 1949), p. 155:
982:, 2 (Glasgow, 1827), p. 467
700:'s 2021 novella, "Rizzio".
462:, master of her stable, to
305:The chronicle account, the
10:
1823:
1675:Hawkins, Sir John (1778).
1649:
1296:Scottish Historical Review
1104:Thomas Finlayson Henderson
1073:Aeneas James George Mackay
307:Historie of James the Sext
94:[ˈdaːvideˈrittsjo]
1767:Burials at Holyrood Abbey
1722:Scottish royal favourites
1582:(London, 1922), p. 110 fn
1439:(Edinburgh, 1852), p. 76.
1396:(Edinburgh, 1852), p. 75.
1249:Collection of Inventories
1226:(London, 1882), p. lxiv:
1205:(London, 1845), p. xxxvi.
1126:, 2 (Paris, 1862), p. 267
1063:(London, 1897), 109, 354.
1005:Rerum Scoticarum historia
921:, 7 (London, 1844), p. 65
753:The laird of Whittinghame
605:Representation in fiction
371:
344:According to a letter of
193:
1412:Palace of Holyrood House
1199:William Barclay Turnbull
890:Overview of David Rizzio
746:John Crichton, laird of
643:network television show
613:in the 1936 RKO picture
416:Francis, Earl of Bedford
327:George Wishart of Drymme
1267:(London, 1897), p. 382.
919:Lettres de Marie Stuart
533:and a French diplomat,
392:Palace of Holyroodhouse
1752:Italian murder victims
1580:Life od Seigneur Davie
1488:HMC Salisbury Hatfield
1462:HMC Salisbury Hatfield
1203:Letters of Mary Stuart
923:: John Parker Lawson,
907:(Oxford, 2019), p. 58.
758:The laird of Lochleven
466:and then to safety at
387:
362:Order of Saint Michael
303:
89:
38:
1656:Ruthen, Lord (1815).
1165:(London, 1699), p. 30
850:"Riccio, David"
777:Adam Tweedie of Dreva
684:The Italian Secretary
609:Rizzio was played by
379:
298:
24:
1699:at Wikimedia Commons
1577:A. Francis Steuart,
1180:(Edinburgh, 1825), 4
1124:Relations Politiques
916:Alexandre Labanoff,
874:Mary, Queen of Scots
781:with the preachers;
626:Mary, Queen of Scots
560:James VI of Scotland
381:The Murder of Rizzio
202:to the Court of the
172:Mary, Queen of Scots
27:Mary, Queen of Scots
1742:Nobility from Turin
1660:. London: Triphook.
1562:History of Scotland
1558:History of Scotland
1265:Mary Queen of Scots
1195:Thirds of Benefices
1158:Mary Queen of Scots
1061:Mary Queen of Scots
1059:David Hay Fleming,
824:Mary Queen of Scots
656:Mary Queen of Scots
651:Ismael Cruz Córdova
575:Madeleine of France
550:Legacy and memorial
543:Michel de Castelnau
104:– 9 March 1566) or
1802:Deaths by stabbing
1638:Gordon Donaldson,
1625:John Hill Burton,
1556:Buchanan, George,
1473:Joseph Stevenson,
1422:Joseph Stevenson,
1214:Gordon Donaldson,
1121:Alexander Teulet,
1016:David Calderwood,
950:Alexandre Teulet,
809:, Royal Collection
704:The takers in hand
691:Arthur Conan Doyle
623:in the 1971 movie
556:Henry IV of France
525:Lord Justice Clerk
439:Lord Justice Clerk
388:
360:, who brought the
354:Nicolas d'Angennes
294:Ruthven's Relation
174:. Mary's husband,
39:
1695:Media related to
1261:David Hay Fleming
1154:David Hay Fleming
1003:George Buchanan,
736:Master of Ruthven
653:in the 2018 film
154:) was an Italian
151:[ˈrittʃo]
1814:
1737:1566 in Scotland
1694:
1680:
1669:John Hill Burton
1661:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1623:
1617:
1607:
1601:
1598:Original Letters
1590:
1584:
1575:
1569:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1497:
1491:
1486:M. S. Giuseppi,
1484:
1478:
1471:
1465:
1460:M. S. Giuseppi,
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1420:
1414:
1403:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1377:
1371:
1366:Peter Anderson,
1364:
1358:
1344:
1338:
1329:Original Letters
1322:
1316:
1313:Original Letters
1309:
1303:
1289:
1283:
1274:
1268:
1258:
1252:
1237:
1231:
1212:
1206:
1191:Gordon Donaldson
1188:
1182:
1174:
1168:
1151:
1145:
1134:
1128:
1119:
1113:
1101:
1095:
1090:Robert Stedall,
1088:
1082:
1070:
1064:
1057:
1051:
1042:
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494:Robert Melville
484:William Stewart
472:Anthony Standen
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420:Thomas Randolph
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346:Thomas Randolph
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510:Lord Lindsay
506:Lord Ruthven
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476:John Stewart
464:Seton Palace
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42:David Rizzio
41:
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1732:1566 deaths
1525:John Hosack
1325:Henry Ellis
855:Lee, Sidney
698:Denise Mina
383:, 1787, by
358:Rambouillet
102: 1533
1716:Categories
794:References
675:Caleb Carr
488:Royal Mile
315:Lethington
206:, then at
180:Protestant
160:Pancalieri
158:, born in
1705:from the
822:(1994) .
783:John Knox
770:John Knox
748:Brunstane
649:; and by
595:Canongate
453:Aftermath
385:John Opie
335:Lochleven
162:close to
1302:MS 3657.
1163:Relation
621:Ian Holm
579:James VI
480:Traquair
431:James VI
228:Catholic
216:Scotland
168:Piedmont
156:courtier
147:Italian:
1650:Sources
857:(ed.).
571:James V
287:History
267:Kinross
86:Italian
81:-see-oh
880:, 1969
830:
681:story
641:The CW
523:, the
516:, the
502:Morton
418:, and
404:Criech
372:Murder
350:masque
194:Career
188:dagger
142:-ee-oh
106:Riccio
876:, by
853:. In
646:Reign
635:; by
619:; by
498:Cecil
200:Turin
164:Turin
140:RITCH
828:ISBN
573:and
412:foot
406:and
208:Nice
677:'s
666:by
639:in
478:of
402:of
333:of
313:of
79:RIT
1718::
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115:ˈ
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