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hand is also known as a "ka". The third is the closed sound "pa" (also called "sak"), for which the hand is briefly rested on the head so as not to permit an open sound. Additionally, there are more complex techniques including snaps, slaps, pops and rolls that are used to ornament the basic rhythm. Hand clapping and hitting the sides of the drum can be used in addition to drumhead sounds.
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standing or dancing. It produces a resonant, low-sustain sound while played lightly with the fingertips and palm. Some players move their fists in and out of the bell to alter the tone. Some players also place their hands on the surface of the drum to produce a muted sound. There are a variety of rhythms (see
694:
There are two main types of goblet drums. The
Egyptian style, Darbuka, is also known as Tabla and is very popular; it has rounded edges around the head, whereas the Turkish style exposes the edge of the head. The exposed edge allows closer access to the head so finger-snapping techniques can be done,
722:
sound produced by striking the head near the center with the length of the fingers and palm and taking off the hand for an open sound. The second is called the "tak" and is the higher-pitched sound produced by hitting near the edge of the head with the fingertips. A "tak" struck with the secondary
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The goblet drum may be played while held under one arm (usually the non-dominant arm) or by placing it sideways upon the lap (with the head towards the player's knees) while seated. Some drums are also made with strap mounts so the drum may be slung over the shoulder, to facilitate playing while
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goblet drums are played under the arm or resting on the player's leg, with a much lighter touch and quite different strokes (sometimes including rolls or quick rhythms articulated with the fingertips) to hand drums such as the
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chalice drum, tarabuka (tarambuka), tarabaki, darbuka, derbake, debuka, doumbek, dumbec, dumbeg, dumbelek, dumbul, toumperleki (tumberleki), tumbak, zerbaghali
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643:, large goblet drums are used as temple instruments and placed on the floor when played, which may reflect ancient use of the drum.
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is also a goblet membranophone. This article focuses on the Middle
Eastern and North African goblet drum.
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TOYMBELEKI Museum of
Popular Instruments, Research Centre for Ethnomusicology. In Plaka, Athens, Greece.
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There are three main sounds produced by the goblet drum. The first is called a "doom". It is the deeper
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The colours of the tabla: history, workshop and new enthusiasts of Egypt's unique percussive instrument
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885:, also known as skor arak. This is the smaller of two Cambodian goblet drums, the other being called
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Goblet drums have been around for thousands of years and were used in
Mesopotamian and
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The first known
Western classical composition to feature a goblet drum is the opera
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Garland
Encyclopedia of World Music). Routledge; Har/Com edition (November 1999).
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The first compositions for goblet drum and orchestra were composed by the
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1077:"Mısırlı Ahmet: The Clay Darbuka Technique and Its Performance Analysis"
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573:-shaped body. It is most commonly used in the traditional music of
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but the hard edge discourages the rapid rolls possible with the
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word that changed "darb" meaning "to strike" into "darabuka".
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Romani Routes: Cultural
Politics and Balkan Music in Diaspora
792:
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585:. The instrument is also featured in traditional music from
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746:is to tap with the fingers of one hand and with a
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818:
2501:
1999:
1175:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1074:
811:in 1958, with a string orchestra conducted by
30:"Darbuka" redirects here. For other uses, see
2918:
2487:
1985:
1608:
1208:
1075:Karaol, Esra; Doğrusöz, Nilgün (2014-04-15).
1064:. Oxford University Press. pp. 258, 393.
807:for goblet drum and strings was premiered in
788:in the Dance of the Nubian Slaves in Act IV.
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2494:
2480:
1992:
1978:
1615:
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475:
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1059:
711:and modern music and dance styles of the
2364:
1547:Classification of percussion instruments
1125:Percussion Instruments and Their History
662:
650:
766:there occasionally use this technique.
14:
3205:
2327:
1624:Traditional Arabic musical instruments
1237:List of percussion instruments by type
2906:
2475:
1973:
1596:
1196:
3228:Ancient Egyptian musical instruments
1153:
552:
1172:Sadie, Stanley, (1980). "Darbuka".
780:(1856–1858) by the French composer
726:Another technique commonly used in
24:
25:
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659:, 1825~35. From Lane 1836, p. 363
631:cultures. They were also seen in
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1577:List of vibraphone manufacturers
1093:10.12975/rastmd.2014.02.01.00020
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3263:European percussion instruments
2934:Azerbaijani musical instruments
84:Hornbostel–Sachs classification
3248:African percussion instruments
1233:List of percussion instruments
1166:
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1130:
1114:
1099:
1068:
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770:Use in Western classical music
639:from as early as 1100 BCE. On
13:
1:
2451:Azerbaijani traditional music
1582:List of timpani manufacturers
1572:List of marimba manufacturers
1046:
819:Notable goblet drum musicians
707:) that form the basis of the
577:, where it is considered the
3253:Asian percussion instruments
3223:Egyptian musical instruments
3013:Tar (Azerbaijani instrument)
1562:List of cymbal manufacturers
1154:نخلة, أشرف سعد (July 2013),
646:
561:
7:
3278:Turkish musical instruments
3273:Serbian musical instruments
3238:Iranian musical instruments
2824:Turkish musical instruments
2503:Turkish musical instruments
2001:Iranian musical instruments
1014:
903:Egyptian tabla and darabuka
762:, or stick, and where the
10:
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3243:Arabic musical instruments
1567:List of drum manufacturers
1516:Indoor percussion ensemble
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29:
3283:Early musical instruments
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2455:Kurdish traditional music
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1060:Silverman, Carol (2012).
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42:
2447:Afghan traditional music
754:the stick is called the
107:This article is part of
32:Darbuka (disambiguation)
2834:Ottoman classical music
2463:Tajik traditional music
1081:Rast Müzikoloji Dergisi
613:The origin of the term
3089:Percussion instruments
1224:Percussion instruments
1156:"الغناء البلدي في مصر"
671:
660:
2839:Ottoman military band
1467:Electronic percussion
669:
654:
583:Egyptian Shaabi Music
53:Percussion instrument
3096:Auxiliary Percussion
3041:Woodwind instruments
2744:Auxiliary percussion
1494:Percussion groupings
1344:Unpitched percussion
1160:مجلة الثقافة الشعبية
891:(Khmer: ស្គរឆៃយ៉ាំ).
784:, which calls for a
339:World Heritage Sites
153:Ancient Egyptian art
3213:Goblet-shaped drums
2962:Plucked instruments
2548:Plucked instruments
1526:Percussion ensemble
1506:Marching percussion
1254:Keyboard percussion
1127:. New York. p. 175.
601:. The West African
565:) is a single-head
39:
27:Middle Eastern drum
3027:Struck instruments
2942:String instruments
2829:Turkish folk music
2621:Struck instruments
2539:Rebab/Kabak kemane
1815:Salamiyyah (flute)
1521:Percussion section
1245:Pitched percussion
1178:. Vol. 5. p. 239.
850:Djamchid Chemirani
803:in the 1950s; his
672:
661:
617:lies in the rural
429:Telecommunications
37:
3200:
3199:
3187:Azerbaijani Music
2949:Bowed instruments
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2899:
2865:Turkey portal
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2524:Karadeniz kemençe
2520:Bowed instruments
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2040:Classical kemençe
1967:
1966:
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1589:
1557:Percussion mallet
1338:
1337:
1142:978-0-8240-4946-1
915:Indian tumbaknaer
825:Setrak Sarkissian
813:Leopold Stokowski
750:in the other. In
667:
485:
484:
394:Foreign relations
374:Political parties
102:
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16:(Redirected from
3290:
3164:Possibly extinct
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2879:Music portal
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670:Sound of Darbuka
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2013:(Sāzhāy-e Zehī)
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758:, which means
748:thin drum stick
736:North Macedonia
663:
655:Darabukka from
649:
619:Egyptian Arabic
611:
579:national symbol
549:Egyptian Arabic
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389:Law enforcement
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1895:
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1865:
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1855:
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1826:
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1807:
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1797:
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1787:
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1767:
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1764:
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1758:
1752:
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1744:
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1730:
1724:
1722:
1716:
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1707:
1701:
1699:
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1692:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1677:
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1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1628:
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1620:
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1612:
1605:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1511:Front ensemble
1508:
1503:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1348:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1256:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1188:
1165:
1146:
1129:
1113:
1098:
1067:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1001:
999:
994:Man playing a
993:
986:
984:
981:
974:
972:
969:
962:
960:
958:Libyan darbuka
957:
950:
948:
942:
935:
933:
926:
919:
917:
914:
907:
905:
902:
895:
893:
878:
871:
867:
864:
863:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
830:Said El Artist
827:
820:
817:
782:Hector Berlioz
771:
768:
705:dumbek rhythms
697:Egyptian style
648:
645:
610:
607:
599:Eastern Europe
483:
482:
480:
479:
472:
465:
457:
454:
453:
439:
438:
437:
436:
434:Transportation
431:
426:
421:
413:
412:
404:
403:
402:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
353:
352:
344:
343:
342:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
288:
287:
279:
278:
277:
276:
271:
270:
269:
264:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
203:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
172:
167:
162:
161:
160:
150:
142:
141:
133:
132:
124:
123:
115:
114:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
86:
80:
79:
70:
68:Classification
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3295:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3155:Qoltuq nagara
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2928:
2923:
2921:
2916:
2914:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2893:
2892:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2504:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2443:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2392:Dāyereh Zangī
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2346:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2200:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1990:
1988:
1983:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1613:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1442:Temple blocks
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1287:Tubular bells
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1185:
1184:1-56159-174-2
1181:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1126:
1122:
1121:Blades, James
1117:
1110:
1109:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1063:
1056:
1052:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1005:
1000:
997:
990:
985:
978:
973:
966:
961:
954:
949:
946:
943:West African
939:
934:
930:
923:
918:
911:
906:
899:
894:
890:
889:
888:skor chhaiyam
884:
883:
875:
870:
869:
861:
860:Bilal Göregen
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
845:Carmine Guida
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
816:
814:
810:
809:New York City
806:
802:
801:Halim El-Dabh
798:
794:
789:
787:
783:
779:
778:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
724:
721:
716:
714:
710:
706:
700:
698:
692:
690:
686:
681:
680:North-African
677:
658:
653:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
620:
616:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:membranophone
563:
558:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
478:
473:
471:
466:
464:
459:
458:
456:
455:
452:
446:
441:
440:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
416:
415:
414:
411:
406:
405:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
355:
354:
351:
346:
345:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
291:
290:
289:
286:
281:
280:
275:
272:
268:
265:
263:
260:
259:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
177:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
159:
156:
155:
154:
151:
149:
146:
145:
144:
143:
140:
135:
134:
130:
126:
125:
122:
120:Life in Egypt
117:
116:
112:
106:
105:
98:
95:
91:
87:
85:
81:
78:
77:Membranophone
74:
71:
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
3233:Arabic music
3124:
3105:Boyuk nagara
2889:
2870:
2856:
2767:
2534:Yaylı tanbur
2352:
2206:
2172:Experimental
2108:Yaylı tambur
2012:
1857:
1475:Drum machine
1272:Glockenspiel
1173:
1168:
1159:
1149:
1132:
1124:
1116:
1107:
1101:
1087:(1): 50–67.
1084:
1080:
1070:
1061:
1055:
886:
880:
835:Hossam Ramzy
804:
790:
785:
775:
773:
759:
755:
725:
717:
701:
693:
679:
675:
673:
626:
614:
612:
591:North Africa
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
493:chalice drum
492:
488:
486:
451:Egypt portal
324:Human rights
309:Demographics
158:Contemporary
148:Architecture
3110:Cura nagara
2753:Cura nagara
2737:instruments
2720:Kargı Düdük
2715:Dilli düdük
2695:Dilli kaval
2680:Turkish ney
2637:instruments
2544:Sine kemanı
2513:instruments
2432:Zarbang Udu
1908:Tabl baladi
1858:Goblet drum
1773:instruments
1698:Bowed lutes
1531:Drum circle
855:Pettik Ádám
840:Rony Barrak
777:Les Troyens
713:Middle East
689:West Africa
687:, found in
537:toumperleki
489:goblet drum
185:Raqs sharqi
180:Belly dance
59:Other names
38:Goblet drum
3268:Hand drums
3207:Categories
2735:Percussion
2349:Percussion
2244:Narmeh-ney
1924:percussion
1733:Simsimiyya
1552:Drum stick
1457:Wood block
1432:Tambourine
1422:Snare drum
1292:Vibraphone
1047:References
879:Cambodian
595:South Asia
545:zerbaghali
384:Corruption
369:Parliament
364:Government
359:Presidency
274:Television
227:Literature
2958:Kamancheh
2700:Dilli ney
2365:Auxiliary
2353:(Sāzhāy-e
2285:Nāy (Ney)
2280:Haft Band
2273:End-blown
2264:Ney anban
2184:Shurangiz
2035:Kamāncheh
1412:Mark tree
1377:Castanets
1352:Bass drum
1297:Xylophone
1282:Tubaphone
1041:Toubeleki
882:skor daey
799:musician
709:folkloric
647:Technique
633:Babylonia
587:West Asia
557:Romanized
304:Education
247:Sculpture
237:Mythology
93:Developed
18:Darabukka
3180:See also
2891:Category
2817:See also
2803:Castanet
2710:Tárogató
2635:Woodwind
2203:Woodwind
2179:Sallāneh
2009:Stringed
1932:Clapping
1705:Kamanjah
1631:Plucked
1501:Drum kit
1452:Triangle
1447:Timbales
1320:Steelpan
1310:Handbell
1267:Crotales
1262:Carillon
1123:(1970).
1015:See also
797:American
793:Egyptian
732:Bulgaria
641:Sulawesi
533:dumbelek
509:darabuka
501:tarabaki
497:tarabuka
379:Military
349:Politics
334:Wildlife
329:Religion
299:Identity
222:Language
217:Holidays
110:a series
3150:Laggutu
3130:Naqareh
3059:Balaban
3018:Choghur
2998:Shahrud
2953:Chagane
2773:Naqareh
2768:Darbuka
2660:Dankiyo
2602:Shahrud
2592:Baglama
2397:Naqāreh
2328:Natural
2290:Sheypur
2254:Dozaleh
2234:Balaban
2217:Exposed
2137:Shahrud
2051:Plucked
2030:Ghazhak
1959:Sistrum
1955:(zills)
1938:Krakebs
1903:Taarija
1888:Naqareh
1868:Maktoum
1853:Duhulla
1738:Tanbūra
1681:Zithers
1656:Mandole
1485:Octapad
1437:Tam-tam
1407:Maracas
1397:Cymbals
1392:Cowbell
1357:Bodhrán
1330:Timpani
1315:Handpan
1277:Marimba
1031:Taarija
1026:Duhulla
931:or zarb
866:Gallery
786:tarbuka
764:Romanis
740:Albania
676:Eastern
615:Darbuka
609:History
569:with a
562:darbuka
521:doumbek
513:derbake
505:darbuka
424:Tourism
409:Economy
284:Society
257:Symbols
212:History
207:Fashion
200:Tanoura
170:Cuisine
138:Culture
3192:Mugham
3171:Bülban
3140:Nagara
3125:Dümbek
3100:Bendir
3079:Miskal
3031:Santur
2788:Nagara
2748:Bendir
2725:Miskal
2625:Santur
2572:Cümbüş
2511:String
2417:Dammam
2305:Miskal
2249:Donali
2239:Karnay
2189:Sorāhi
2163:Santur
2156:Struck
2103:Tanbūr
2058:Barbat
1948:Mihbaj
1943:Manjur
1934:(kaff)
1922:Other
1913:Tbilat
1883:Naqara
1878:Mirwas
1873:Mazhar
1843:Bendir
1838:Al-ras
1810:Rhaita
1805:Mizwad
1800:Mizmar
1795:Mijwiz
1785:Habbān
1780:Arghul
1756:Kawala
1748:Flutes
1728:Kissar
1710:Rababa
1671:Sintir
1666:Qanbūs
1646:Kwitra
1402:Djembe
1382:Claves
1367:Cabasa
1362:Bongos
1182:
1140:
1036:Tonbak
1021:Ashiko
996:tombak
945:djembe
929:tombak
752:Turkey
744:Turkey
728:Greece
685:djembe
603:djembe
597:, and
571:goblet
553:دربوكة
541:tumbak
529:dumbeg
525:dumbec
517:debuka
491:(also
419:Energy
314:Health
294:People
267:Anthem
195:Tahtib
190:Baladi
165:Cinema
88:211.26
3258:Drums
3145:Spoon
3120:Davul
3069:Tütek
3064:Kaval
3054:Tulum
3049:Zurna
3023:Nuzhe
3008:Mugni
2993:Komuz
2971:Chang
2966:Kanun
2808:Spoon
2783:Kudüm
2763:Davul
2690:Sipsi
2685:Kaval
2670:Çifte
2665:Gaida
2655:Karkm
2650:Tulum
2645:Zurna
2617:Mugni
2612:Lavta
2597:Komuz
2577:Ahenk
2552:Kanun
2387:Dāvūl
2382:Dohol
2372:Darāy
2335:Nafir
2319:Brass
2300:Pisha
2295:Zurna
2259:Kaval
2229:Zurna
2224:Sornā
2147:Mugni
2098:Setār
2093:Nuzhe
2083:Robāb
2078:Qānūn
2073:Dotār
2063:Chang
2023:Bowed
1953:Sagat
1863:Hajir
1830:Drums
1820:Zukra
1790:Jirba
1720:Lyres
1689:Qanun
1651:Lavta
1641:Buzuq
1633:lutes
1540:Other
1427:Taiko
1417:Parai
1387:Conga
1372:Cajón
1325:Tabla
756:çubuk
657:Egypt
637:Sumer
622:slang
575:Egypt
543:, or
319:Media
252:Sport
242:Radio
232:Music
175:Dance
97:Egypt
2976:Çeng
2798:Zill
2587:Cura
2557:Çeng
2427:Zang
2422:Zarb
2412:Sanj
2068:Harp
1771:Reed
1180:ISBN
1162:(22)
1138:ISBN
760:wand
742:and
720:bass
678:and
674:The
635:and
487:The
262:Flag
3135:Kus
3115:Daf
3074:Ney
3003:Rud
2988:Saz
2778:Kus
2758:Daf
2705:Mey
2675:Ney
2607:Rud
2582:Saz
2407:Kūs
2377:Daf
2142:Rud
2120:Tār
2088:Sāz
1898:Tar
1893:Riq
1848:Daf
1761:Ney
1661:Oud
1089:doi
581:of
519:,
399:Law
3209::
2983:Ud
2567:Ud
2132:Ūd
1158:,
1083:.
1079:.
815:.
738:,
734:,
730:,
715:.
699:.
691:.
593:,
589:,
559::
555:/
551::
547:;
539:,
535:,
531:,
527:,
523:,
515:,
511:,
507:,
503:,
499:,
495:,
113:on
75:,
2926:e
2919:t
2912:v
2495:e
2488:t
2481:v
1993:e
1986:t
1979:v
1616:e
1609:t
1602:v
1216:e
1209:t
1202:v
1186:.
1144:.
1095:.
1091::
1085:2
795:-
476:e
469:t
462:v
34:.
20:)
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