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tensions, such as in the form of home-made Cold War nuclear fallout shelters, and the dark aesthetics and nihilist discourse in punk fanzines in the 1970s and onwards in the shadow of rising unemployment and social tensions. In the 1960s and 1970s, books and TV shows about the DIY movement and techniques on building and home decoration began appearing. By the 1990s, the DIY movement felt the impact of the digital age with the rise of the internet. With computers and the internet becoming mainstream, increased accessibility to the internet has led to more households undertaking DIY methods. Platforms, such as YouTube or
Instagram, provide people the opportunity to share their creations and instruct others on how to replicate DIY techniques in their own home.
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1851:, said that the discovery was, "the clearest example yet found of mason's marks of the time. It looks as if someone was instructing others how to mass-produce components and put them together in this way." Much like our modern instruction booklets, various sections of the luxury building were inscribed with coded symbols showing how the pieces slotted together. The characteristics of these inscriptions indicate they date back to around the 6th century BC, which tallies with the architectural evidence suggested by the decoration. The building was built by Greek artisans coming from the
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2004:
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3250:, March 1, 2010. "I think I embrace a bit of the punk aesthetic that one can express oneself with two chords if that's all you know, and likewise one can make a great film with limited means or skills or clothes or furniture. It's just as moving and serious as works that employ great skill and craft sometimes. Granted, when you learn that third chord, or more, you don't have to continue making 'simple' things, unless you want to. Sometimes that's a problem."
901:
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2129:, Craftivist, or maker have been used to describe creatives working within a DIY framework (Busch). Otto von Busch describes 'Hacktivism' as " the participant in the process of making, rise to new attitudes within the 'maker' or collaborator" (Busch 49). Busch suggests that by engaging in participatory forms of fashion, consumers are able to step away from the idea of "mass-homogenized 'Mc-Fashion
2167:
of the 1970s. Instead of traditional means of bands reaching their audiences through large music labels, bands began recording, manufacturing albums and merchandise, booking their own tours, and creating opportunities for smaller bands to get wider recognition through repetitive low-cost DIY touring.
1913:
In the 1970s, DIY spread through the North
American population of college and recent-college-graduate age groups. In part, this movement involved the renovation of affordable, rundown older homes. But, it also related to various projects expressing the social and environmental vision of the 1960s and
3145:
Ever wonder where bands get their T-shirts made? Some of them probably go to the local screen printers and pay a bunch of money to have their shirts made up, then they have to turn around and sell them to you for a high price. Others go the smart route, and do it themselves. Here's a quick how-to on
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More recently, the orthodox understanding that DIY originates in 1970s punk, with its clearest practices being in the self-produced 7" single and self-published fanzines, has been challenged. As George McKay asks in the title of his 2023 article: 'Was punk DIY? Is DIY punk?' McKay argues instead for
1908:
Our educational system, in its entirety, does nothing to give us any kind of material competence. In other words, we don't learn how to cook, how to make clothes, how to build houses, how to make love, or to do any of the absolutely fundamental things of life. The whole education that we get for our
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punk scenes, and significantly altered the way fans interacted with musicians. Zines quickly branched off from being hand-made music magazines to become more personal; they quickly became one of the youth culture's gateways to DIY culture. This led to tutorial zines showing others how to make their
1775:
Subsequently, the term DIY has taken on a broader meaning that covers a wide range of skill sets. DIY has been described as a "self-made-culture"; one of designing, creating, customizing and repairing items or things without any special training. DIY has grown to become a social concept with people
3277:
Yet, it remains within the subculture of punk music where the homemade, A4, stapled and photocopied fanzines of the late 1970s fostered the 'do-it-yourself' (DIY) production techniques of cut-n-paste letterforms, photocopied and collaged images, hand-scrawled and typewritten texts, to create a
3120:
Yet, it remains within the subculture of punk music where the homemade, A4, stapled and photocopied fanzines of the late 1970s fostered the "do-it-yourself" (DIY) production techniques of cut-n-paste letterforms, photocopied and collaged images, hand-scrawled and typewritten texts, to create a
1877:
By the 1950s, DIY became common usage with the emergence of people undertaking home improvement projects, construction projects and smaller crafts. Artists began to fight against mass production and mass culture by claiming to be self-made. However, DIY practices also responded to geopolitical
1767:
The term "do-it-yourself" has been associated with consumers since at least 1912 primarily in the domain of home improvement and maintenance activities. The phrase "do it yourself" had come into common usage (in standard
English) by the 1950s, in reference to the emergence of a trend of people
1889:
The DIY movement is a re-introduction (often to urban and suburban dwellers) of the old pattern of personal involvement and use of skills in the upkeep of a house or apartment, making clothes; maintenance of cars, computers, websites; or any material aspect of living. The philosopher
2590:". It could also refer to an innovative fix or a simple work-around, a solution that bends the rules, or a resource that can be used in such a way. It is also often used to signify creativity: to make existing things work, or to create new things with meager resources.
1874:(founded in 1928) offered a way for readers to keep current on useful practical skills, techniques, tools, and materials. As many readers lived in rural or semi-rural regions, initially much of the material related to their needs on the farm or in a small town.
2098:. These are often extensions of their magazine or television brand. The growth of independent online DIY resources is also spiking. The number of homeowners who blog about their experiences continues to grow, along with DIY websites from smaller organizations.
2043:, premiered and spurred a DIY television revolution. The show was immensely popular, educating people on how to improve their living conditions (and the value of their house) without the expense of paying someone else to do (as much of) the work. In 1994, the
2470:. By controlling the entire production and distribution chain, DIY bands attempt to develop a closer relationship between artists and fans. The DIY ethic gives total control over the final product without need to compromise with record major labels.
1944:, and its successors, used a broad definition of the term "tools." There were informational tools, such as books (often technical in nature), professional journals, courses and classes. There were specialized, designed items, such as
370:
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According to the punk aesthetic, one can express oneself and produce moving and serious works with limited means. Arguably, the earliest example of this attitude was the punk music scene of the 1970s.
2080:
Beyond magazines and television, the scope of home improvement DIY continues to grow online where most mainstream media outlets now have extensive DIY-focused informational websites such as
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Triggs, Teal (March 2006). "Triggs, Teal (2006) Scissors and Glue: Punk
Fanzines and the Creation of a DIY Aesthetic, in "Journal of Design History", vo. 19, n. 1, pp. 69-83".
2118:
DIY is prevalent amongst the fashion community, with ideas being shared on social media, such as YouTube, about clothing, jewellery, makeup, and hairstyles. Techniques include
1748:
and semi-raw materials and parts to produce, transform, or reconstruct material possessions, including those drawn from the natural environment (e.g., landscaping)". DIY
2022:. HouseNet was the earliest bulletin-board style site where users could share information. Since the late 1990s, DIY has exploded on the Web through thousands of sites.
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1982:
DIY home improvement books burgeoned in the 1970s, first created as collections of magazine articles. An early, extensive line of DIY how-to books were created by
1975:
publication both emerged from and spurred the great wave of experimentalism, convention-breaking, and do-it-yourself attitude of the late 1960s. Often copied, the
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things by oneself without the direct aid of professionals or certified experts. Academic research has described DIY as behaviors where "individuals use
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children in school is entirely in terms of abstractions. It trains you to be an insurance salesman or a bureaucrat, or some kind of cerebral character.
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Modifying ("modding") common products to allow extended or unintended uses, commonly referred to by the internet term, "life-hacking". Related to
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1918:, working with friends and family, and initially using the most basic of typesetting and page-layout tools, published the first edition of
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cable television channel. Both were launched to appeal to the growing percentage of North
Americans interested in DIY topics, from
1803:. The DIY ethic promotes the idea that anyone is capable of performing a variety of tasks rather than relying on paid specialists.
455:
3545:'Was punk DIY? Is DIY punk? Interrogating the DIY/punk nexus, with particular reference to the early UK punk scene, c. 1976-1984.'
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A form of independent filmmaking characterized by low budgets, skeleton crews, and simple props using whatever is available.
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structure in southern Italy. The ruins appeared to come with detailed assembly instructions and are being called an "ancient
440:
2029:) came along, DIY instructors quickly grasped its potential for demonstrating processes by audio-visual means. In 1979, the
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In North
America, there was a DIY magazine publishing niche in the first half of the twentieth century. Magazines such as
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1997:
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2137:, as fashion Hacktivism allows consumers to play a more active role in engaging with the clothes they wear (Busch 32).
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which brings people into contact with only a tiny focus area within the larger context, positioning DIY as a venue for
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3292:"Was punk DIY? Is DIY punk? Interrogating the DIY/Punk nexus, with particular reference to the early UK punk scene,
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motivations (economic benefits, lack of product availability, lack of product quality, need for customization), and
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2059:. Such channels have multiple shows revealing how to stretch one's budget to achieve professional-looking results (
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and various other small craft and construction projects as both a creative-recreational and cost-saving activity.
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sharing ideas, designs, techniques, methods and finished projects with one another either online or in person.
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encouraging people to reuse old, used objects found in their homes and to recycle simple materials like paper.
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it was recontextualized by the
Mexican and Chicano arts movement to describe a specific artistic aesthetic,
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Network cable television channel was launched in the United States and Canada, followed in 1999 by the
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Wolf & McQuitty (2011). Understanding the Do-It-Yourself
Consumer: DIY Motivation and Outcomes.
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Earth First and the Anti-Roads
Movement: Radical Environmentalism and Comparative Social Movements
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network which circumvents galleries and official art institutions by creating a precursor to
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3419:"A lesson in "rasquachismo" art: Chicano aesthetics & the "sensibilities of the barrio""
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31:
3558:"Creativities, innovation, and networks in garage punk rock: A case study of the Eruptörs"
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1936:
Fiberglass dome house, California, in style of the Whole Earth
Catalog building techniques
8:
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appealed to a wide cross-section of people in North America and had a broad influence.
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Adherents of the DIY punk ethic also work collectively. For example, punk impresario
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DIY can be seen as a cultural reaction in modern technological society to increasing
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The concept of DIY has also emerged within the art and design community. The terms
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1964:, fiberglass materials and so on – even early personal computers. The designer,
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Unofficial Release: Self-Released And Handmade Audio In Post-Industrial Society
3212:"Steve Albini on the surprisingly sturdy state of the music industry – in full"
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2879:"Do-It-Yourself: Constructing, Repairing and Maintaining Domestic Masculinity"
27:
Building, modifying, or repairing, without the aid of experts or professionals
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Gathering Force: DIY Culture – Radical Action for Those Tired of Waiting
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word, which refers to a non-conventional, frugal innovation, often termed a "
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subculture. It developed as a way to circumnavigate the corporate mainstream
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2003:
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refers to a spirit of resourcefulness and do-it-yourself problem solving.
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Newsletter of the Hellenic Society of Archaeometry, N.110, May 2010, p.84
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Bands or solo artists releasing their music on self-funded record labels.
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3183:"Eagulls, Hookworms, Joanna Gruesome: how UK music scenes are going DIY"
1932:
1835:. This region was recognized as a place where local people mingled with
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Skateparks built by skateboarders without paid professional assistance
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Brass, Elaine; Sophie Poklewski Koziell (1997). Denise Searle (ed.).
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from the 8th century BC onwards. Christopher Smith, director of the
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Italian archaeologists have unearthed the ruins of a 6th-century BC
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Senseless Acts of Beauty: Cultures of Resistance since the Sixties
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and bleaching jeans, redesigning old shirts, and studding denim.
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can be triggered by various motivations previously categorized as
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The terms "DIY" and "do-it-yourself" are also used to describe:
1986:, based upon previously published articles from their magazine,
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Much contemporary DIY music has its origins in the late 1970s
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or discarded materials, usually decorated with art applied by
2000:, Balcony Garden Web and other publishers soon followed suit.
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Building Research Equipment with Free, Open-Source Hardware.
3009:"Why the Huge Do-It-Yourself Market Is Just Getting Started"
2962:
Ancient Building Comes with Assembly Instructions, (photos)
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2544:("to resolve") became an important part of Cuban culture.
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by Paul Atkinson, Journal of Design History, March 2006
2766:
D.I.Y. or Die: How to Survive as an Independent Artist
1968:
acted as editor and writing many of the reviews. The
3527:
DiY Culture: Party & Protest in Nineties Britain
3562:
Artivate: A Journal of Entrepreneurship in the Arts
3070:
Fashion-able, Hacktivism and engaged Fashion Design
1799:through completing tasks without the aid of a paid
2918:
2172:movement took up coverage of and promotion of the
1839:who had settled along the southern coast known as
3329:. Vanderbilt University Press. pp. 116–117.
3134:"DIY guide to screen printing t-shirts for cheap"
2322:Building musical electronic circuits such as the
2293:musical merchandise through the use of recycling
5675:
2982:"A history of Do It Yourself (DIY): infographic"
3567:
3370:
2282:Designing business cards, invitations and so on
2163:DIY as a subculture was brought forward by the
1764:, empowerment, community seeking, uniqueness).
3570:FreeNRG: Notes From the Edge of the Dancefloor
3324:
2177:own shirts, posters, zines, books, food, etc.
5039:
4349:
3629:
3524:
3327:"Music scenes: local, translocal and virtuas"
3146:the cheap way to going about making T-shirts.
1689:
1042:
5053:
2612:, originally with a negative connotation in
2234:Homemade stuffs based on the principles of "
1898:" panel discussion in a 1967 edition of the
3411:
3352:"Putting Punk in Place--Among the Classics"
3325:Bennet, Andy; Peterson, Richard A. (2004).
2943:Ancient Building Came With DIY Instructions
5046:
5032:
4363:
4356:
4342:
3636:
3622:
3373:"Inside Cuba's D.I.Y. Internet Revolution"
3371:García Martínez, Antonio (July 26, 2017).
3261:"Oxford Journal of Design History Webpage"
2536:As a means of adaptation during the Cuban
1696:
1682:
1049:
1035:
371:The Consumer Society: Myths and Structures
30:"DIY" redirects here. For other uses, see
3480:
3205:
3203:
3066:
3032:Watts, Alan et al. "Houseboat Summit" in
3174:
3076:(PhD thesis). University of Gothenburg.
2391:
2182:
2150:
2105:
2002:
1931:
1880:
1707:
456:Surplus: Terrorized into Being Consumers
3349:
3300:Diy, Alternative Cultures & Society
3180:
3046:Saranow, Jennifer (28 September 2007).
3045:
2362:or simply low-cost traditional science
2071:, etc.) while doing the work yourself.
2018:content began to find its way onto the
14:
5676:
3556:Smith, G. and Gillett, A. G., (2015).
3548:DIY, Alternative Cultures and Society
3278:recognizable graphic design aesthetic.
3209:
3200:
3121:recognizable graphic design aesthetic.
3093:
2876:
2330:noise machines from old children toys.
2077:specifically caters to female DIYers.
5027:
4337:
4125:Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral
3617:
3505:
3474:DIY, Alternative Cultures and Society
3289:
2604:Rasquache is the English form of the
2477:what he terms a 'depunking' of DIY.
441:Affluenza: The All-Consuming Epidemic
5648:
3607:Do It Yourself: Democracy and Design
3586:
3083:from the original on 9 October 2022.
3006:
3181:Mumford, Gwilym (6 December 2014).
2857:Academy of Marketing Science Review
2727:
24:
4659:List of American independent films
3446:Bailey, Thomas Bey William (2012)
3440:
3403:[creative improvisation].
3350:Jarrell, Joe (26 September 2004).
3210:Albini, Steve (17 November 2014).
2952:, Discovery News, Mon Apr 26, 2010
25:
5725:
3643:
2919:McKellar, S.; Sparke, P. (eds.).
1914:early 1970s. The young visionary
1904:) reflected a growing sentiment:
1885:Shelves attached to a toy vehicle
428:Profit over People: Neoliberalism
398:Future Primitive and Other Essays
5647:
5638:
5637:
5627:
5195:Traditional ecological knowledge
5141:
2593:
900:
899:
5493:Science, technology and society
4569:Experimental musical instrument
3393:
3364:
3343:
3318:
3283:
3253:
3229:
3151:
3126:
3087:
3060:
3039:
3026:
2877:Gelber, Steven M (March 1997).
2405:catered for a specific purpose.
2217:Trading of mixtapes as part of
2025:In the 1970s, when home video (
1819:building". The structure was a
337:The Theory of the Leisure Class
3000:
2974:
2955:
2936:
2927:
2870:
2861:
2849:
2010:1959, home assembled amplifier
1736:") is the method of building,
307:Sustainable consumer behaviour
13:
1:
5334:Religion and environmentalism
5013:Social peer-to-peer processes
4146:The Moon and the Sledgehammer
3568:St John, Graham, ed. (2001).
2843:
2832:White box (computer hardware)
2531:
2140:
1716:, Texas, 1942 (photograph by
356:The Society of the Spectacle
5709:Cassette culture 1970s–1990s
5397:Environmental interpretation
2921:Interior Design and Identity
2305:Independent game development
2155:DIY vehicle at Maker Faire,
1827:, near the southern city of
1722:Farm Security Administration
1154:Methodological individualism
541:Institute for Social Ecology
7:
5370:Environmental communication
3525:McKay, George, ed. (1998).
3048:"BlogWatch: This Old House"
3036:, issue #7. San Francisco.
2711:Ready-to-assemble furniture
2623:
720:Anti-globalization movement
10:
5730:
5185:Environmental anthropology
3007:Comm, Joel (19 May 2017).
2867:Wolf & McQuitty (2011)
2597:
2555:
2540:times of economic crisis,
2521:
2447:
2337:i.e. sloppy/ unlikely mods
2144:
2101:
1806:
1455:Left-wing market anarchism
970:Natural resource economics
212:Feminist political ecology
142:Compulsive buying disorder
29:
5623:
5528:
5430:
5352:
5314:
5246:
5203:
5150:
5139:
5061:
4963:
4902:
4867:
4800:
4757:
4748:
4649:American eccentric cinema
4626:
4590:
4581:
4554:
4474:
4465:
4457:Amateur press association
4369:
4183:
4116:
4065:
3959:
3903:
3895:Twelve Tribes communities
3802:
3651:
3491:The New York Times Abroad
3312:10.1177/27538702231216190
3157:Pearce, Joshua M. 2012. "
3096:Journal of Design History
2381:with various applications
2250:). A common term in many
610:Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
117:Collaborative consumption
5600:Sustainable architecture
5538:Arts and Crafts movement
5402:Environmental journalism
5296:Environmental philosophy
5055:Environmental humanities
3572:. Altona: Commonground.
3034:The San Francisco Oracle
2551:
2443:
1998:Better Homes and Gardens
920:Gross National Happiness
678:Related social movements
553:Rage Against the Machine
480:Organizations and groups
167:Criticism of advertising
5422:Thematic interpretation
5375:Environmental education
5175:Ecological anthropology
5081:Environmental sculpture
4639:Cinema of Transgression
3885:Testimony of simplicity
3803:Religious and spiritual
3764:Subsistence agriculture
3759:Slow movement (culture)
3543:McKay, George. (2023).
3357:San Francisco Chronicle
3053:The Wall Street Journal
2967:23 January 2012 at the
2948:30 January 2012 at the
2562:Jugaad is a colloquial
2517:
2423:Privately made firearms
2252:Environmental movements
1992:, based in California.
1823:building discovered at
1785:economic specialization
1781:academic specialization
1658:Tyranny of the majority
1445:Individualist anarchism
940:Influence of mass media
870:Consumption (sociology)
865:Consumption (economics)
715:Anti-corporate activism
312:Sustainable consumption
147:Conspicuous consumption
5573:Landscape architecture
5520:Sustainability studies
5329:Environmental theology
4955:Independent TV station
4884:Independent soft drink
4850:Open-source video game
4364:Independent production
4216:Appropriate technology
3774:Sustainable sanitation
3719:Low-impact development
3506:McKay, George (1996).
3290:McKay, George (2024).
3067:von Busch, O. (2008).
2397:
2367:single-board computers
2191:
2160:
2115:
2014:In the mid-1990s, DIY
2011:
1937:
1911:
1886:
1868:(founded in 1902) and
1849:British School at Rome
1725:
1504:Individualist feminism
1129:Individual reclamation
517:Earth Liberation Front
461:So, What's Your Price?
436:The Cultural Creatives
5699:Handbooks and manuals
5392:Environmental history
5291:Environmental justice
4935:Visionary environment
4634:Independent animation
4132:Escape from Affluenza
3709:Intentional community
3591:. London: Routledge.
3458:. London: Big Issue.
2395:
2186:
2154:
2109:
2006:
1935:
1906:
1884:
1711:
1543:Libertarian socialism
950:Intentional community
780:Libertarian socialism
755:Fossil fuel phase-out
505:Deep Green Resistance
466:What Would Jesus Buy?
417:Escape from Affluenza
5568:Environmental design
5448:Biophilia hypothesis
5286:Environmental ethics
5256:Aesthetics of nature
4947:Independent circuit
4777:Open-source software
4676:Guerrilla filmmaking
4256:Front Porch Republic
4246:Ecological footprint
4066:Modern-day adherents
3587:Wall, Derek (1999).
2895:10.1353/aq.1997.0007
2524:Guerrilla filmmaking
2491:and other projects.
2431:of animals you went
2356:scientific equipment
2352:open-source hardware
2347:equipment producing.
1901:San Francisco Oracle
1871:Mechanix Illustrated
1548:Right-libertarianism
1526:Classical liberalism
975:Non-monetary economy
895:Economic materialism
890:Ecological economics
347:The Affluent Society
297:Steady-state economy
267:Planned obsolescence
197:Ecological economics
32:DIY (disambiguation)
5610:Sustainable fashion
4915:Amateur photography
4608:Amateur pornography
4556:Musical instruments
4536:Tracker (MOD) music
4323:Work–life interface
4206:Anarcho-primitivism
4047:Henry David Thoreau
3931:Open Source Ecology
3529:. New York: Verso.
3423:Smithsonian Insider
2485:third-wave feminism
2350:DIY science: using
1922:Whole Earth Catalog
1538:Left-libertarianism
1064:Part of a series on
1000:Subsistence economy
925:Heterodox economics
845:Advanced capitalism
700:Anarcho-primitivism
685:Alter-globalization
665:Henry David Thoreau
352:One-Dimensional Man
217:Food loss and waste
207:Ethical consumerism
192:Earth Overshoot Day
152:Consumer capitalism
132:Commodity fetishism
87:Autonomous building
77:Alternative culture
5633:Environment portal
5605:Sustainable design
5238:Outdoor literature
5165:Cultural landscape
5091:Landscape painting
4379:Alternative comics
4281:Intentional living
4167:Small Is Beautiful
4042:George Skene Keith
3890:Tolstoyan movement
3789:War tax resistance
3769:Sustainable living
3482:Kimmelman, Michael
3168:(6100): 1303–1304.
3108:10.1093/jdh/epk006
2883:American Quarterly
2787:Homebuilt aircraft
2504:concert production
2483:, associated with
2408:Building a custom
2403:Linux distribution
2398:
2396:Drink mixing robot
2343:electronics or in
2324:Atari Punk Console
2223:The international
2210:alternative comics
2192:
2161:
2116:
2033:television series
2012:
1938:
1887:
1726:
1643:Social engineering
1593:Anti-individualism
1587:Principal concerns
1467:Anarcho-capitalism
1184:Self-actualization
955:Left-wing politics
860:Consumer behaviour
795:Occupy Wall Street
388:Small Is Beautiful
107:Buddhist economics
60:Theories and ideas
5671:
5670:
5563:Educational trail
5553:Ecological design
5412:Outdoor education
5407:Environmental law
5339:Spiritual ecology
5301:Predation problem
5128:Site-specific art
5076:Environmental art
5021:
5020:
4971:Independent media
4863:
4862:
4782:Software cracking
4744:
4743:
4671:Exploitation film
4577:
4576:
4546:Underground music
4494:Open-source label
4479:Independent music
4384:Alternative manga
4331:
4330:
4291:Rainbow Gathering
4160:The Power of Half
4153:Mother Earth News
3972:Ernest Callenbach
3904:Secular movements
3510:. London: Verso.
3484:(14 April 2010).
3425:. 31 January 2017
3360:. pp. PK–45.
3336:978-0-8265-1451-6
3238:, Jeremy Deller,
2988:. 7 February 2018
2827:Underground comix
2454:Independent music
2229:social networking
2008:Electronics World
1865:Popular Mechanics
1706:
1705:
1169:Personal property
1124:Individual rights
1059:
1058:
905:Economic problems
730:Diggers (theater)
695:Anarcho-communism
563:The Venus Project
393:To Have or to Be?
277:Political ecology
232:Green consumption
92:Billboard hacking
16:(Redirected from
5721:
5651:
5650:
5641:
5640:
5631:
5543:Acoustic ecology
5276:Ecophenomenology
5261:Critical realism
5160:Cultural ecology
5145:
5048:
5041:
5034:
5025:
5024:
5003:
4950:
4787:Unofficial patch
4755:
4754:
4704:
4644:Independent film
4588:
4587:
4518:Cassette culture
4472:
4471:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4335:
4334:
4231:Critique of work
4211:Anti-consumerism
4078:Robin Greenfield
4037:E. F. Schumacher
3977:G. K. Chesterton
3911:Back-to-the-land
3749:Self-sufficiency
3689:Forest gardening
3638:
3631:
3624:
3615:
3614:
3602:
3583:
3540:
3521:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3486:"D.I.Y. Culture"
3469:
3450:, Belsona Books.
3435:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3274:
3272:
3263:. Archived from
3257:
3251:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3207:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3178:
3172:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3075:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3043:
3037:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2978:
2972:
2971:, Discovery News
2959:
2953:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2916:
2907:
2906:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2817:Remodernist Film
2750:Cassette culture
2728:Subculture links
2508:recording studio
2401:Use of a custom
2379:embedded systems
2274:handmade jewelry
2219:cassette culture
2132:
2110:Mennonite woman
2068:Design on a Dime
2053:home improvement
2016:home-improvement
1974:
1929:) in late 1968.
1896:Houseboat Summit
1797:self-sufficiency
1795:is the ethic of
1770:home improvement
1718:Arthur Rothstein
1698:
1691:
1684:
1598:Authoritarianism
1514:Liberal feminism
1460:Social anarchism
1450:Egoist anarchism
1194:Self-sufficiency
1179:Private property
1174:Positive liberty
1159:Negative liberty
1061:
1060:
1051:
1044:
1037:
985:Post-materialism
903:
902:
820:Social anarchism
745:Environmentalism
660:Bernard Stiegler
655:E. F. Schumacher
615:Edward Goldsmith
430:and Global Order
413:
379:
367:
282:Post-consumerism
237:Hyperconsumerism
52:Anti-consumerism
39:
38:
21:
5729:
5728:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5719:
5718:
5674:
5673:
5672:
5667:
5619:
5524:
5515:Spirit of place
5498:science studies
5482:common property
5478:Property theory
5473:Popular science
5463:Natural history
5426:
5417:Psychogeography
5348:
5310:
5242:
5199:
5146:
5137:
5133:Sustainable art
5123:Sculpture trail
5057:
5052:
5022:
5017:
5001:
4959:
4948:
4898:
4877:
4859:
4796:
4740:
4721:Low-budget film
4702:
4696:'60s–'70s
4622:
4573:
4564:Circuit bending
4550:
4461:
4447:Self-publishing
4365:
4362:
4332:
4327:
4261:Green anarchism
4179:
4112:
4061:
3960:Notable writers
3955:
3951:Transition town
3899:
3855:New Monasticism
3798:
3647:
3642:
3599:
3580:
3537:
3518:
3496:
3494:
3466:
3443:
3441:Further reading
3438:
3428:
3426:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3369:
3365:
3348:
3344:
3337:
3323:
3319:
3288:
3284:
3270:
3268:
3267:on 30 June 2006
3259:
3258:
3254:
3247:Modern Painters
3234:
3230:
3220:
3218:
3208:
3201:
3191:
3189:
3179:
3175:
3156:
3152:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3092:
3088:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3044:
3040:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3005:
3001:
2991:
2989:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2969:Wayback Machine
2960:
2956:
2950:Wayback Machine
2941:
2937:
2932:
2928:
2917:
2910:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2841:
2822:Self-publishing
2760:Critical making
2755:Circuit bending
2735:Punk subculture
2730:
2725:
2641:Circuit bending
2626:
2602:
2596:
2560:
2554:
2534:
2526:
2520:
2460:
2446:
2365:Using low-cost
2360:citizen science
2328:circuit bending
2196:Self-publishing
2168:The burgeoning
2149:
2143:
2130:
2104:
1972:
1927:Access to Tools
1809:
1712:Boy building a
1702:
1673:
1672:
1668:Totalitarianism
1588:
1580:
1579:
1509:Equity feminism
1482:Rational egoism
1430:
1422:
1421:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1089:Civil liberties
1079:
1055:
1026:
1025:
1024:
960:McDonaldization
945:Informal sector
839:
831:
830:
829:
760:Green anarchism
710:Anti-capitalism
679:
671:
670:
669:
640:Donella Meadows
589:
579:
578:
577:
482:
472:
471:
470:
451:The Corporation
432:
429:
403:
383:Steal This Book
373:
357:
342:Brave New World
326:
318:
317:
316:
272:Right to repair
262:Overconsumption
252:Microgeneration
172:Culture jamming
127:Commodification
112:Buy Nothing Day
97:Buyer's remorse
82:Anti-capitalism
61:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5727:
5717:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5684:Do it yourself
5669:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5645:
5635:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5586:
5585:
5580:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5534:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5490:
5485:
5475:
5470:
5460:
5453:Do it yourself
5450:
5445:
5440:
5438:Animal studies
5434:
5432:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5320:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5306:Social ecology
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5252:
5250:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5233:Nature writing
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5213:Ecocomposition
5209:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5170:Ecolinguistics
5167:
5162:
5156:
5154:
5148:
5147:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5067:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5051:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5028:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4995:
4988:
4981:Do it yourself
4978:
4973:
4967:
4965:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4944:
4939:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4906:
4904:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4872:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4817:
4806:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4758:
4752:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4736:Double feature
4733:
4731:No wave cinema
4728:
4726:No-budget film
4723:
4718:
4716:Midnight movie
4713:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4641:
4636:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4592:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4560:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4520:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4481:
4475:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4408:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4338:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4318:Sustainability
4315:
4310:
4305:
4303:Low-technology
4300:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4278:
4273:
4271:Global warming
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4088:Pentti Linkola
4085:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
4002:Harlan Hubbard
3999:
3997:Tom Hodgkinson
3994:
3989:
3987:Mahatma Gandhi
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3835:Jesus movement
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3714:Local currency
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3603:
3597:
3584:
3578:
3565:
3554:
3541:
3535:
3522:
3516:
3503:
3478:
3470:
3464:
3451:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3410:
3392:
3363:
3342:
3335:
3317:
3282:
3252:
3228:
3199:
3173:
3150:
3125:
3086:
3059:
3038:
3025:
2999:
2973:
2954:
2935:
2926:
2908:
2869:
2860:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2598:Main article:
2595:
2592:
2556:Main article:
2553:
2550:
2538:Special Period
2533:
2530:
2522:Main article:
2519:
2516:
2496:David Ferguson
2468:music industry
2445:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2348:
2338:
2331:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2302:
2283:
2280:
2255:
2232:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2142:
2139:
2103:
2100:
2088:Martha Stewart
2083:This Old House
2036:This Old House
2020:World Wide Web
1825:Torre Satriano
1808:
1805:
1730:Do it yourself
1714:model airplane
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1628:Indoctrination
1625:
1623:Herd mentality
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1533:Libertarianism
1530:
1529:
1528:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1489:Existentialism
1486:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1477:Ethical egoism
1469:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1189:Self-ownership
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1094:Do it yourself
1091:
1086:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1005:Sustainability
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
897:
892:
887:
885:Disneyfication
882:
880:Counterculture
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
841:
840:
837:
836:
833:
832:
828:
827:
825:Social ecology
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
770:Green politics
767:
762:
757:
752:
750:Food Not Bombs
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
681:
680:
677:
676:
673:
672:
668:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
635:Serge Latouche
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
595:Mauro Bonaiuti
591:
590:
585:
584:
581:
580:
576:
575:
570:
565:
560:
558:Reverend Billy
555:
550:
547:Monthly Review
543:
538:
531:
526:
519:
514:
511:Democracy Now!
507:
502:
497:
492:
484:
483:
478:
477:
474:
473:
469:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
426:
424:
419:
414:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
368:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
328:
327:
324:
323:
320:
319:
315:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
257:Non-possession
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
177:Do it yourself
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
54:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5726:
5715:
5714:Simple living
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5646:
5644:
5636:
5634:
5630:
5626:
5625:
5622:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5590:Nature center
5588:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5533:
5531:
5527:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5505:Simple living
5503:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5483:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5365:Ecomusicology
5363:
5361:
5360:Anthrozoology
5358:
5357:
5355:
5351:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5317:
5313:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5206:
5202:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5149:
5144:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5049:
5044:
5042:
5037:
5035:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4901:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4839:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4799:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4772:Free software
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4762:Cowboy coding
4760:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4359:
4354:
4352:
4347:
4345:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4266:The good life
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4139:The Good Life
4136:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4098:Peace Pilgrim
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4083:Ted Kaczynski
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4032:Dugald Semple
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4022:Peace Pilgrim
4020:
4018:
4017:Scott Nearing
4015:
4013:
4012:Helen Nearing
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3992:Richard Gregg
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3967:Wendell Berry
3965:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3921:Environmental
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3784:Vegetarianism
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3645:Simple living
3639:
3634:
3632:
3627:
3625:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3598:0-415-19064-9
3594:
3590:
3585:
3581:
3579:1-86335-084-5
3575:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3536:1-85984-260-7
3532:
3528:
3523:
3519:
3517:1-85984-028-0
3513:
3509:
3504:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3465:1-899419-01-2
3461:
3457:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3367:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3346:
3338:
3332:
3328:
3321:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3295:
3286:
3279:
3266:
3262:
3256:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3217:
3213:
3206:
3204:
3188:
3184:
3177:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3135:
3129:
3122:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3090:
3079:
3072:
3071:
3063:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3029:
3014:
3010:
3003:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2958:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2939:
2930:
2922:
2915:
2913:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2889:(1): 66–112.
2888:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2864:
2858:
2852:
2848:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2802:Maker culture
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2792:Individualism
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:Guerrilla gig
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:Basement show
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2686:Number 8 wire
2684:
2682:
2681:Maker culture
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2661:Instructables
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Air pollution
2629:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2594:United States
2591:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2529:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2450:Guerrilla gig
2439:for yourself.
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2345:amateur radio
2342:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:Contemporary
2312:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2165:punk movement
2158:
2153:
2148:
2147:Maker culture
2138:
2136:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2113:
2108:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2074:Toolbelt Diva
2070:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1917:
1916:Stewart Brand
1910:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:Magna Graecia
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1762:craftsmanship
1760:enhancement (
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1699:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:Laissez-faire
1137:
1135:
1134:Individuation
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1070:Individualism
1068:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
915:Green economy
913:
911:
908:
906:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
835:
834:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
815:Slow movement
813:
811:
810:Situationists
808:
806:
803:
801:
800:Postmodernism
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
740:Eco-socialism
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
675:
674:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
588:
583:
582:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
548:
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:
535:Green Anarchy
532:
530:
527:
525:
524:
520:
518:
515:
513:
512:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
490:
486:
485:
481:
476:
475:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
431:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
411:
407:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
377:
372:
369:
365:
361:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
325:Notable works
322:
321:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
287:Simple living
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
64:
57:
56:
53:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5595:New Urbanism
5452:
5266:Deep ecology
5228:Geocriticism
5218:Ecocriticism
5190:Ethnoecology
5180:Ecosemiotics
5101:conservation
4998:
4990:
4980:
4976:Indie design
4930:Outsider art
4894:Microbrewery
4837:
4627:Professional
4603:Amateur film
4523:
4511:Pirate radio
4484:Record label
4422:
4276:Hedonophobia
4236:Deep ecology
4172:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4007:Satish Kumar
3865:Plain people
3830:Distributism
3744:Sattvic diet
3734:Permaculture
3729:Off-the-grid
3704:Gift economy
3674:Downshifting
3664:Cord-cutting
3605:
3588:
3569:
3561:
3551:
3550:online first
3547:
3526:
3507:
3495:. Retrieved
3489:
3472:
3455:
3447:
3427:. Retrieved
3422:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3376:
3366:
3355:
3345:
3320:
3303:
3299:
3296:. 1976–1984"
3293:
3285:
3276:
3271:24 September
3269:. Retrieved
3265:the original
3255:
3245:
3240:
3231:
3219:. Retrieved
3216:The Guardian
3215:
3190:. Retrieved
3187:The Guardian
3186:
3176:
3165:
3162:
3153:
3144:
3139:24 September
3137:. Retrieved
3128:
3119:
3102:(1): 69–83.
3099:
3095:
3089:
3069:
3062:
3051:
3041:
3033:
3028:
3016:. Retrieved
3012:
3002:
2990:. Retrieved
2985:
2976:
2957:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2886:
2882:
2872:
2863:
2856:
2851:
2812:Off-the-grid
2764:
2618:Rasquachismo
2617:
2609:
2603:
2561:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2527:
2512:record label
2493:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2461:
2375:Raspberry Pi
2335:jury-rigging
2315:roller derby
2309:game modding
2295:thrift store
2203:
2179:
2162:
2124:
2117:
2081:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2062:Design Cents
2060:
2034:
2024:
2013:
2007:
1987:
1984:Sunset Books
1981:
1976:
1969:
1954:garden tools
1950:stonemasonry
1941:
1939:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1907:
1899:
1888:
1876:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1810:
1792:
1791:engagement.
1778:
1774:
1768:undertaking
1766:
1733:
1729:
1727:
1633:Mass society
1618:Group rights
1603:Collectivism
1575:Voluntaryism
1570:Subjectivism
1367:Schopenhauer
1211:Philosophers
1199:Subjectivity
1114:Human rights
1093:
990:Productivism
980:Permaculture
705:Anarcho-punk
645:Pierre Rabhi
620:Paul Goodman
600:Noam Chomsky
545:
533:
523:Fifth Estate
522:
509:
487:
302:Subvertising
242:Laconophilia
227:Gift economy
187:Durable good
182:Downshifting
176:
162:Conviviality
122:Collapsology
102:Bioeconomics
36:
5694:DIY culture
5615:Themed walk
5344:Stewardship
5324:Ecotheology
5271:Ecofeminism
5096:Photography
5008:Maker Faire
4949:(wrestling)
4889:Homebrewing
4815:development
4810:Indie games
4802:Video games
4792:Warez scene
4701:'80s–
4598:Home movies
4531:Lo-fi music
4452:Small press
4430:conventions
4308:Nonviolence
4226:Consumerism
4221:Bohemianism
4196:Agrarianism
4052:Leo Tolstoy
3982:Duane Elgin
3941:Small house
3860:Plain dress
3850:Monasticism
3845:Mindfulness
3754:Slow living
3407:(in Hindi).
3405:aamboli.com
3241:Audio Games
3236:David Byrne
3170:open access
2782:Hackerspace
2721:3D printing
2696:Open design
2691:Particulate
2651:Hackerspace
2500:CD Presents
2458:Lo-fi music
2410:synthesizer
2358:to conduct
2326:and create
2299:silk screen
2174:underground
2135:(Lee 2003)"
2120:distressing
2112:dressmaking
2096:DIY Network
2049:DIY Network
2039:, starring
1960:equipment,
1925:(subtitled
1894:(from the "
1859:in Apulia.
1821:temple-like
1754:marketplace
1565:Objectivism
1164:Open border
1109:Freethought
1015:Veblen good
875:Cooperative
850:Advertising
785:Neo-Luddism
735:Ecofeminism
650:John Ruskin
630:Ivan Illich
605:Erich Fromm
568:The Yes Men
500:CrimethInc.
402:Fight Club
374: [
157:Consumerism
5678:Categories
5578:assessment
5548:Biomimicry
5488:Sexecology
5385:arts-based
5248:Philosophy
5205:Literature
5002:(magazine)
4820:developers
4686:Golden Age
4664:Mumblecore
4251:Food miles
4201:Amateurism
4093:Jim Merkel
4073:Mark Boyle
4027:Nick Rosen
3946:Tiny house
3880:Temperance
3825:Detachment
3820:Asceticism
3815:Aparigraha
3694:Freeganism
3679:Dry toilet
3306:: 94–109.
2844:References
2807:Mumblecore
2701:Power tool
2532:By country
2502:was a DIY
2481:Riot grrrl
2448:See also:
2369:, such as
2145:See also:
2141:Subculture
2127:Hacktivist
2094:, and the
1966:J. Baldwin
1940:The first
1892:Alan Watts
1855:colony of
1833:Basilicata
1608:Conformity
1555:Minarchism
1521:Liberalism
1435:Autarchism
1429:Ideologies
1297:Mandeville
1262:Hipparchia
1222:Aristippus
1119:Individual
1078:Principles
1020:Workaholic
1010:Sweatshops
965:Mutual aid
765:Green left
690:Amateurism
625:André Gorz
247:Local food
222:Freeganism
202:Ecovillage
67:Asceticism
5558:Ecomuseum
5510:Slow food
5443:Bioethics
5223:Ecopoetry
5106:landscape
4985:DIY ethic
4942:Indie RPG
4925:Naïve art
4910:Indie art
4767:Demoscene
4654:Indiewood
4618:Machinima
4424:Doujinshi
4411:Minicomic
4298:Itinerant
4191:Affluenza
3875:Rastafari
3840:Mendicant
3724:No frills
3699:Frugality
3669:DIY ethic
3652:Practices
3387:1059-1028
3116:154677104
2986:Stonetack
2903:1080-6490
2837:Solarpunk
2797:Infoshops
2745:Bricolage
2636:Bricolage
2610:rascuache
2600:Rasquache
2514:network.
2464:punk rock
2429:taxidermy
2285:Creating
2157:San Mateo
1994:Time-Life
1962:chainsaws
1946:carpentry
1793:DIY ethic
1742:repairing
1738:modifying
1663:Theocracy
1613:Dogmatism
1560:Mutualism
1440:Anarchism
1327:Nietzsche
1322:Montaigne
1277:Jefferson
1272:Ingersoll
1144:Libertine
1104:Free love
1099:Eremitism
910:Frugality
725:Communism
529:Freecycle
489:Adbusters
292:Slow Food
72:Affluenza
5689:Building
5658:Journals
5643:Category
5583:planning
5316:Religion
5281:Ecosophy
5116:wildlife
5086:Land art
5071:Crop art
4920:Mail art
4855:ROM hack
4832:Fan game
4827:Homebrew
4750:Software
4613:Fan film
4489:Netlabel
4435:printers
4399:business
4394:Webcomic
4313:Peak oil
4241:Degrowth
4057:Valluvar
3916:Car-free
3779:Veganism
3497:4 August
3429:20 April
3401:"जुगाड़"
3078:Archived
3018:30 April
2992:29 April
2965:Archived
2946:Archived
2706:Prosumer
2676:Mail art
2666:Junk box
2656:Handyman
2624:See also
2546:Resolver
2542:resolver
2354:to make
2278:ceramics
2262:knitting
2260:such as
2225:mail art
2190:, London
2092:Hometalk
2057:knitting
2041:Bob Vila
1789:holistic
1758:identity
1750:behavior
1720:for the
1499:Humanism
1494:Hedonism
1402:Voltaire
1357:Rothbard
1267:Igualada
1232:Diogenes
1217:Antiphon
1084:Autonomy
995:Shopping
838:See also
790:New Left
44:a series
42:Part of
5663:Degrees
5653:Commons
5530:Applied
5467:museums
5431:Related
5152:Culture
4964:General
4711:Z movie
4703:present
4681:B movie
4591:Amateur
4541:Podsafe
4506:Station
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4389:Fanzine
4371:Reading
4286:commune
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3870:Quakers
3684:Fasting
3477:journal
3163:Science
3013:Inc.com
2772:Edupunk
2716:Sawdust
2646:Edupunk
2606:Spanish
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2572:Marathi
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2437:fishing
2433:hunting
2415:Use of
2385:DIY bio
2371:Arduino
2266:crochet
2246:" (the
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2198:books,
2102:Fashion
1977:Catalog
1970:Catalog
1958:welding
1952:tools,
1942:Catalog
1857:Taranto
1853:Spartan
1843:and in
1829:Potenza
1807:History
1653:Tyranny
1648:Statism
1638:Mobbing
1392:Thoreau
1387:Stirner
1382:Spooner
1377:Spencer
1307:Mencken
1302:Marsden
1247:Goldman
1237:Emerson
1149:Liberty
573:350.org
446:Evasion
422:No Logo
137:Commune
5704:Skills
5111:nature
4992:Doujin
4874:Drinks
4838:Doujin
4524:Doujin
4416:Co-ops
4174:Walden
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3221:9 June
3192:9 June
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2671:Kludge
2614:Mexico
2580:Sindhi
2558:Jugaad
2510:, and
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2427:Doing
2270:sewing
2258:Crafts
2244:Reduce
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2205:doujin
2159:, 2016
2114:(1942)
1989:Sunset
1973:'s
1845:Sicily
1837:Greeks
1801:expert
1472:Egoism
1407:Warren
1397:Tucker
1347:Quelle
1342:Popper
1337:Onfray
1332:Nozick
1242:Godwin
930:HospEx
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587:People
332:Walden
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4501:Radio
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3810:Amish
3794:WWOOF
3378:Wired
3244:, in
3112:S2CID
3081:(PDF)
3074:(PDF)
2608:term
2564:Hindi
2552:India
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2417:FPGAs
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1317:Mises
1292:Locke
1287:Laozi
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1783:and
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