1193:
150:
128:
1029:
110:
771:"Osteology of Batrachuperus londongensis (Urodela, Hynobiidae): Study of bony anatomy of a facultatively neotenic salamander from Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, China"
432:
Giant salamanders are obligate paedomorphs with partial metamorphosis, but
Asiatic salamander goes through a full metamorphosis. The only known exceptions are the
670:
619:
341:
1268:
666:
637:
371:
351:
1152:
551:
289:
1234:
1278:
1263:
704:
949:
440:, where a now assumed extinct population from Lake Kuttarush in Hokkaido had neotenic traits like gills in adults.
1157:
463:
This suborder contains only two families at present. All other members are extinct and are only known as fossils.
149:
1227:
1273:
118:
1143:
1253:
433:
1283:
1220:
1170:
892:"Revision of Chunerpeton tianyiense (Lissamphibia, Caudata): Is it a cryptobranchid salamander?"
1105:
1165:
942:
825:"Middle Jurassic stem hynobiids from China shed light on the evolution of basal salamanders"
1258:
1208:
1192:
836:
731:
623:
475:
8:
136:
840:
735:
1065:
1018:
867:
824:
797:
770:
754:
719:
652:
537:
519:
144:
913:
872:
854:
802:
720:"Evidence for complex life cycle constraints on salamander body form diversification"
627:
1013:
935:
903:
862:
844:
792:
782:
749:
739:
595:
414:
316:
216:
908:
891:
444:
29:
1028:
1204:
1055:
1045:
1037:
927:
849:
559:
555:
437:
406:
109:
1247:
1128:
1070:
917:
858:
452:
67:
744:
876:
806:
648:
608:
493:
361:
331:
247:
1137:
656:
577:
533:
515:
504:
471:
401:
found in Asia, European Russia, and the United States. They are known as
398:
300:
278:
267:
257:
236:
42:
1200:
958:
890:
Rong, Yu-Fen; Vasilyan, Davit; Dong, Li-Ping; Wang, Yuan (2020-12-08).
787:
676:
588:
426:
422:
377:
310:
201:
87:
52:
127:
1088:
1080:
1060:
995:
563:
541:
479:
448:
191:
161:
92:
1099:
1122:
1050:
989:
983:
977:
523:
497:
Haifanggou
Formation, China, Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) (neotenic)
394:
181:
82:
77:
62:
57:
47:
33:
680:
483:
418:
97:
72:
705:"ADW:Family Cryptobranchidae: giant salamanders and hellbenders"
486:, has alternatively been recovered outside of Cryptobranchoidea)
971:
567:
436:, which has been documented as facultatively neotenic, and the
171:
823:
Jia, Jia; Anderson, Jason S.; Gao, Ke-Qin (2021-07-23).
641:
Haifanggou
Formation, China, Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
508:
Haifanggou
Formation, China, Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
769:
Jiang, J. P.; Jia, J.; Zhang, M.; Gao, K. Q. (2018).
612:
Jiufotang
Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
592:
Fengshan fossil bed, China, Late
Jurassic (Tithonian)
581:
Fengshan fossil bed, China, Late
Jurassic (Tithonian)
889:
662:
644:
633:
615:
604:
584:
573:
547:
529:
511:
500:
489:
467:
367:
357:
347:
337:
327:
306:
296:
285:
274:
263:
253:
243:
232:
443:The oldest members of the group are known from the
1245:
957:
768:
724:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
822:
1228:
943:
718:Bonett, Ronald M.; Blair, Andrea L. (2017).
717:
1235:
1221:
950:
936:
126:
108:
907:
866:
848:
796:
786:
753:
743:
429:, commonly known as Asian salamanders.
1269:Extant Late Jurassic first appearances
1246:
558:, Russia, Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
1104:
1103:
931:
1187:
818:
816:
570:) (Presumed to be a cryptobranchoid)
13:
702:
673:, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
413:. It has two living subdivisions,
14:
1295:
813:
1191:
1027:
540:, United States, Late Jurassic (
148:
40:
522:, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (
1279:Taxa named by Emmett Reid Dunn
883:
762:
711:
696:
1:
689:
1207:. You can help Knowledge by
909:10.1016/j.palwor.2020.12.001
562:, Russia, Early Cretaceous (
323:Ji, Anderson & Gao, 2021
119:Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
7:
1264:Oxfordian first appearances
655:, China, Early Cretaceous (
458:
10:
1300:
1186:
850:10.1016/j.isci.2021.102744
478:, China, Middle Jurassic (
434:Longdong stream salamander
1112:
1079:
1036:
1025:
1004:
966:
229:
224:
145:Scientific classification
143:
134:
125:
116:
107:
23:
626:, China, Late Jurassic (
598:(Late Cretaceous-Recent)
745:10.1073/pnas.1703877114
419:Asian giant salamanders
16:Suborder of salamanders
1166:Paleobiology Database
403:primitive salamanders
961:families by suborder
624:Tiaojishan Formation
476:Haifanggou Formation
411:advanced salamanders
1274:Amphibian suborders
841:2021iSci...24j2744J
736:2017PNAS..114.9936B
671:Longjiang Formation
137:Hynobius fossigenus
788:10.7717/peerj.4517
653:Dabeigou Formation
538:Morrison Formation
520:Bissekty Formation
1254:Cryptobranchoidea
1216:
1215:
1181:
1180:
1144:Cryptobranchoidea
1114:Cryptobranchoidea
1106:Taxon identifiers
1097:
1096:
1006:Cryptobranchoidea
730:(37): 9936–9941.
703:Heying, Heather.
405:, in contrast to
391:Cryptobranchoidea
387:
386:
324:
220:
212:Cryptobranchoidea
38:Bathonian–Present
24:Cryptobranchoidea
1291:
1284:Salamander stubs
1237:
1230:
1223:
1195:
1188:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1160:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1101:
1100:
1066:Rhyacotritonidae
1031:
1014:Cryptobranchidae
952:
945:
938:
929:
928:
922:
921:
911:
887:
881:
880:
870:
852:
820:
811:
810:
800:
790:
766:
760:
759:
757:
747:
715:
709:
708:
700:
664:
646:
635:
617:
606:
596:Cryptobranchidae
586:
575:
549:
531:
513:
502:
491:
469:
415:Cryptobranchidae
369:
359:
349:
339:
329:
322:
317:Cryptobranchidae
308:
298:
287:
276:
265:
255:
245:
234:
215:
153:
152:
130:
112:
102:
39:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1184:
1182:
1177:
1169:
1164:
1156:
1151:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1108:
1098:
1093:
1075:
1032:
1023:
1000:
962:
956:
926:
925:
888:
884:
821:
814:
767:
763:
716:
712:
701:
697:
692:
461:
445:Middle Jurassic
214:
147:
103:
101:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
37:
36:
30:Middle Jurassic
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1297:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1196:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1162:
1149:
1134:
1118:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1056:Plethodontidae
1053:
1048:
1046:Ambystomatidae
1042:
1040:
1038:Salamandroidea
1034:
1033:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
992:
986:
980:
974:
967:
964:
963:
955:
954:
947:
940:
932:
924:
923:
902:(4): 708–723.
882:
812:
761:
710:
694:
693:
691:
688:
687:
686:
685:
684:
674:
660:
642:
631:
620:Linglongtriton
613:
599:
593:
582:
571:
560:Ilek Formation
556:Itat Formation
545:
527:
509:
498:
487:
460:
457:
438:Ezo salamander
407:Salamandroidea
385:
384:
383:
382:
381:
380:
375:
365:
355:
345:
342:Linglongtriton
335:
319:
314:
304:
294:
283:
272:
261:
251:
241:
227:
226:
222:
221:
209:
205:
204:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
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159:
155:
154:
141:
140:
132:
131:
123:
122:
114:
113:
105:
104:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1296:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1203:article is a
1202:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1071:Salamandridae
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
991:
987:
985:
981:
979:
975:
973:
969:
968:
965:
960:
953:
948:
946:
941:
939:
934:
933:
930:
919:
915:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
886:
878:
874:
869:
864:
860:
856:
851:
846:
842:
838:
835:(7): 102744.
834:
830:
826:
819:
817:
808:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
780:
776:
772:
765:
756:
751:
746:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
714:
706:
699:
695:
682:
678:
675:
672:
669:
668:
667:Nuominerpeton
661:
658:
654:
651:
650:
643:
640:
639:
638:Neimengtriton
632:
629:
625:
622:
621:
614:
611:
610:
603:
602:
600:
597:
594:
591:
590:
583:
580:
579:
572:
569:
565:
561:
557:
554:
553:
546:
543:
539:
536:
535:
528:
525:
521:
518:
517:
510:
507:
506:
499:
496:
495:
488:
485:
481:
477:
474:
473:
466:
465:
464:
456:
454:
453:Yanliao Biota
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
379:
376:
374:
373:
372:Nuominerpeton
366:
364:
363:
356:
354:
353:
352:Neimengtriton
346:
344:
343:
336:
334:
333:
326:
325:
320:
318:
315:
313:
312:
305:
303:
302:
295:
292:
291:
284:
281:
280:
273:
270:
269:
262:
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259:
252:
250:
249:
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238:
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146:
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139:
138:
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115:
111:
106:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
35:
31:
22:
19:
1209:expanding it
1198:
1183:
1113:
1005:
899:
895:
885:
832:
828:
778:
774:
764:
727:
723:
713:
698:
665:
649:Regalerpeton
647:
636:
618:
609:Liaoxitriton
607:
587:
576:
550:
532:
514:
503:
494:Jeholotriton
492:
470:
462:
442:
431:
410:
402:
390:
388:
370:
362:Regalerpeton
360:
350:
340:
332:Liaoxitriton
330:
309:
299:
288:
277:
266:
256:
248:Jeholotriton
246:
235:
211:
135:
117:
18:
1259:Salamanders
1138:Wikispecies
1051:Amphiumidae
988:Superclass
896:Palaeoworld
657:Hauterivian
601:Panhynobia
578:Laccotriton
534:Iridotriton
516:Nesovtriton
505:Pangerpeton
472:Chunerpeton
423:hellbenders
399:salamanders
321:Panhynobia
301:Laccotriton
279:Iridotriton
268:Nesovtriton
258:Pangerpeton
237:Chunerpeton
1248:Categories
1201:salamander
1081:Sirenoidea
1019:Hynobiidae
982:Subphylum
690:References
677:Hynobiidae
589:Sinerpeton
552:Kiyatriton
455:of China.
427:Hynobiidae
378:Hynobiidae
311:Sinerpeton
290:Kiyatriton
225:Subgroups
208:Suborder:
1089:Sirenidae
1061:Proteidae
990:Tetrapoda
918:1871-174X
859:2589-0042
781:: e4517.
628:Oxfordian
564:Barremian
542:Tithonian
480:Bathonian
449:Bathonian
168:Kingdom:
162:Eukaryota
1123:Wikidata
996:Amphibia
984:Craniata
978:Chordata
972:Animalia
970:Kingdom
877:34278256
829:iScience
807:29610705
683:-Recent)
524:Turonian
484:neotenic
459:Taxonomy
395:suborder
192:Amphibia
182:Chordata
178:Phylum:
172:Animalia
158:Domain:
1129:Q348838
976:Phylum
959:Caudate
868:8264161
837:Bibcode
798:5878659
755:5604006
732:Bibcode
681:Miocene
451:) aged
425:), and
202:Urodela
198:Order:
188:Class:
34:Present
1171:137500
994:Class
916:
875:
865:
857:
805:
795:
752:
568:Aptian
409:, the
393:are a
219:, 1922
1199:This
1158:30364
775:PeerJ
1205:stub
1153:NCBI
914:ISSN
873:PMID
855:ISSN
803:PMID
421:and
389:The
217:Dunn
43:PreꞒ
904:doi
863:PMC
845:doi
793:PMC
783:doi
750:PMC
740:doi
728:114
482:) (
397:of
1250::
1168::
1155::
1140::
1125::
912:.
900:30
898:.
894:.
871:.
861:.
853:.
843:.
833:24
831:.
827:.
815:^
801:.
791:.
777:.
773:.
748:.
738:.
726:.
722:.
93:Pg
32:-
1236:e
1229:t
1222:v
1211:.
951:e
944:t
937:v
920:.
906::
879:.
847::
839::
809:.
785::
779:6
758:.
742::
734::
707:.
679:(
663:†
659:)
645:†
634:†
630:)
616:†
605:†
585:†
574:†
566:-
548:†
544:)
530:†
526:)
512:†
501:†
490:†
468:†
447:(
417:(
368:†
358:†
348:†
338:†
328:†
307:†
297:†
293:?
286:†
282:?
275:†
271:?
264:†
254:†
244:†
240:?
233:†
98:N
88:K
83:J
78:T
73:P
68:C
63:D
58:S
53:O
48:Ꞓ
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