906:
1938:
685:
584:. The Duke assumed that the meeting would be entirely peaceful and diplomatic; thus, he brought only a small escort with him. The Dauphin's men reacted to the Duke's arrival by attacking and killing him. Charles's level of involvement has remained uncertain to this day. Although he claimed to have been unaware of his men's intentions, this was considered unlikely by those who heard of the murder. The assassination marked the end of any attempt of a reconciliation between the Armagnac and Burgundian factions, thus playing into the hands of Henry V of England. Charles was later required by a treaty with
324:
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963:
947:
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931:
985:, who demanded real power to accompany his position as the Dauphin. Charles consistently refused him. Accordingly, Louis stirred up dissent and fomented plots in attempts to destabilise his father's reign. He quarrelled with his father's mistress, Agnès Sorel, and on one occasion drove her with a bared sword into Charles' bed, according to one source. Eventually, in 1446, after Charles's last son, also named Charles, was born, the king banished the Dauphin to the
629:
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the court was assembled. Joan identified
Charles immediately. She bowed low to him and embraced his knees, declaring "God give you a happy life, sweet King!" Despite attempts to claim that another man was in fact the king, thereafter Joan referred to him as "Dauphin" or "Noble Dauphin" until he was crowned in Reims four months later. After a private conversation between the two, Charles became inspired and filled with confidence.
894:
612:, cousin of the Dauphin, who was in English captivity. Only the supporters of Henry VI and the Dauphin Charles were able to enlist sufficient military force to press effectively for their candidates. The English, already in control of northern France, enforced Henry's claim in the regions of France that they occupied. Northern France, including Paris, was thus ruled by an English regent, Henry V's brother,
42:
1918:
608:. However, Frenchmen loyal to the Valois regarded the treaty as invalid on grounds of coercion and Charles VI's diminished mental capacity. Those who did not recognize the treaty and believed the Dauphin Charles to be of legitimate birth considered him the rightful heir to the throne. Those who considered Charles illegitimate recognized as the rightful heir
789:, collect the soldiers and resources necessary to bring her to the Dauphin at Chinon, stating that visions of angels and saints had given her a divine mission. Granted an escort of five veteran soldiers and a letter of referral to Charles by Lord Baudricourt, Joan rode to see Charles at Chinon. She arrived on 23 February 1429.
996:
or another condition) refused to heal, and the infection in it caused a serious fever. The king summoned Louis to him from his exile in
Burgundy, but the Dauphin refused to come. He employed astrologers to foretell the exact hour of his father's death. The king lingered on for the next two and a half
692:
In his adolescent years, Charles was noted for his bravery and flamboyant style of leadership. At one point after becoming
Dauphin, he led an army against the English dressed in the red, white, and blue that represented his family; his heraldic device was a mailed fist clutching a naked sword. On 25
1004:
Finally, however, there came a point in July 1461 when the king's physicians concluded that
Charles would not live past August. Ill and weary, the king became delirious, convinced that he was surrounded by traitors loyal only to his son. Under the pressure of sickness and fever, he went mad. By now
792:
Second-hand testimony by witnesses who were not present when Joan and the
Dauphin met state Charles wanted to test her claim to be able to recognise him despite never having seen him, and so he disguised himself as one of his courtiers. He stood in their midst when Joan entered the chamber in which
1029:
of Joan of Arc and his early reign was at times marked by indecisiveness and inaction, he was responsible for successes unprecedented in the history of the
Kingdom of France. He succeeded in what four generations of his predecessors (namely his father Charles VI, his grandfather
1005:
another infection in his jaw had caused an abscess in his mouth. The swelling caused by this became so large that, for the last week of his life, Charles was unable to swallow food or water. Although he asked the
Dauphin to come to his deathbed, Louis refused, instead waiting at
579:
in which they would share authority of the government, assist each other and not to form any treaties without the other's consent. Charles and John also decided that a further meeting should take place the following 10 September. On that date, they met on the bridge at
712:
for himself, but failed to make any attempts to expel the
English from northern France out of indecision and a sense of hopelessness. Instead, he remained south of the Loire River, where he was still able to exert power, and maintained an itinerant court in the
861:, by which the Burgundian faction rejected their English alliance and became reconciled with Charles VII, just as things were going badly for their English allies. With this accomplishment, Charles attained the essential goal of ensuring that no
447:
river, Charles was disparagingly called the "King of
Bourges", because the area around this city was one of the few remaining regions left to him. However, his political and military position improved dramatically with the emergence of
3948:
808:
on 18 June, at which the
English field army lost about half its troops. After pushing further into English and Burgundian-controlled territory, Charles was crowned King Charles VII of France in
1013:, attended by his younger son, Charles, and aware of his elder son's final betrayal, the King starved to death. He died on 22 July 1461, and was buried, at his request, beside his parents in
693:
June 1421, he took Gallardon and executed, as traitors, the garrison, and by the end of June Charles had invested Chartres. He then went south of the Loire River under the protection of
3943:
796:
After her encounter with Charles in March 1429, Joan of Arc set out to lead the French forces at Orléans. She was aided by skilled commanders such as Étienne de Vignolles, known as
850:. But whatever affection he may have had for his wife, or whatever gratitude he may have felt for the support of her family, the great love of Charles VII's life was his mistress,
989:. The two never met again. Louis thereafter refused the king's demands to return to court, and he eventually fled to the protection of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in 1456.
2831:
4677:
547:
Almost immediately after becoming dauphin, Charles had to face threats to his inheritance, and he was forced to flee from Paris on 29 May 1418 after the partisans of
46:
4682:
464:. With the local English troops dispersed, the people of Reims switched allegiance and opened their gates, which enabled the coronation of Charles VII at
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568:
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737:
Political conditions in France took a decisive turn in the year 1429 just as the prospects for the Dauphin began to look hopeless. The town of
600:, signed by Charles VI on 21 May 1420, the throne would pass to Henry V or his heir. Henry had died in July 1422: his heir was the infant King
476:
in 1436 and the steady reconquest of Normandy in the 1440s using a newly organized professional army and advanced siege cannons. Following the
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years, increasingly ill, but unwilling to die. During this time he also had to deal with the case of his rebellious vassal
2929:
2383:"Tu Felix Austria, nube" la dynastie de Habsbourg et sa politique matrimoniale à la fin du Moyen Age (XIIIe–XVIe siècles)
617:
370:
4178:
4085:
3587:
4279:
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761:. The French lords and soldiers loyal to Charles were becoming increasingly desperate. Then in the little village of
417:
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804:. They compelled the English to lift the siege on 8 May 1429, thus turning the tide of the war. The French won the
405:
264:
102:
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1338:
567:. On 11 July of that same year, Charles and John the Fearless attempted a reconciliation on a small bridge near
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1937:
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85:
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1946:
1708:
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596:
At the death of Charles' father Charles VI in October 1422, the succession was cast into doubt. Under the
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4612:
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4198:
4141:
3894:
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3015:
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1860:
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609:
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4394:
4171:
3715:
2617:
801:
51:
2752:
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4166:
4111:
3749:
3741:
1229:
858:
830:, who had long served the English occupation government, she was burned at the stake on 30 May 1431.
576:
533:
to the French throne in turn. All died childless, leaving Charles with a rich inheritance of titles.
469:
4723:
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4636:
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4518:
4502:
3594:
1560:
1400:
1249:
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from the English and eventually recovered all of France with the exception of the northern port of
433:
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4743:
4628:
4558:
4485:
4478:
4446:
4295:
4047:
3063:
1381:
1134:
1014:
709:
358:
277:
185:
80:
4768:
4577:
4510:
4330:
4193:
3976:
3958:
3953:
3851:
3730:
3670:
3430:
3058:
1075:
916:
522:
518:
1060:
4151:
4146:
3725:
3710:
2274:
2101:
1043:
786:
581:
555:, had entered the city the previous night. By 1419, Charles had established his own court in
377:
362:
819:
762:
4708:
4703:
4244:
4188:
4104:
4039:
4002:
3938:
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3415:
3381:
3356:
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1524:
510:
480:
in 1453, the French expelled the English from all their continental possessions except the
409:
302:
115:
487:
The last years of Charles VII were marked by conflicts with his turbulent son, the future
8:
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3400:
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3336:
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3198:
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1498:
1466:
1326:
1161:
1039:
1031:
912:
866:
862:
766:
750:
640:
605:
601:
477:
259:
239:
135:
4156:
4012:
3605:
2763:
Isabel of Burgundy: The Duchess who played Politics in the Age of Joan of Arc, 1397–1471
1802:
742:
697:, known as "Queen of the Four Kingdoms" and, on 18 December 1422, married her daughter,
457:
4604:
4303:
3997:
3836:
3631:
3541:
3504:
3471:
3445:
3376:
3351:
3331:
3326:
3282:
3272:
3267:
1766:
1142:
1123:
998:
962:
842:
in the cause of Charles was the support of the powerful and wealthy family of his wife
514:
429:
413:
385:
312:
1010:
725:", after the town where he generally lived. Periodically, he considered flight to the
501:
171:
4402:
4161:
3917:
3841:
3693:
3405:
3366:
3321:
3292:
3287:
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2656:
2621:
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2528:
2500:
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2451:
2432:
2405:
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1440:
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770:
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218:
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and his heirs as the legitimate successors to the French crown. At the same time, a
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3614:
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3495:
3371:
3237:
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1195:
1100:
822:
on 24 May 1430. The Burgundians handed her over to their English allies. Tried for
597:
588:, the son of John the Fearless, to pay penance for the murder, which he never did.
552:
421:
758:
468:
in 1429. Six years later, he ended the English-Burgundian alliance by signing the
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4264:
4228:
3925:
3391:
3257:
3232:
3216:
2951:
2857:
2776:
2734:
2557:
2483:
2415:
2350:
1828:
1375:
809:
805:
778:
721:. He was still customarily known as the "Dauphin", or derisively as the "King of
649:
585:
465:
461:
425:
389:
340:
292:
272:
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4454:
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509:
six months after his birth in 1403. He was the eleventh child and fifth son of
481:
460:
and other strategic cities on the Loire river, and to crush the English at the
453:
198:
1369:
992:
In 1458, Charles became ill. A sore on his leg (an early symptom, perhaps, of
851:
729:, which would have allowed the English to advance their occupation of France.
4697:
4526:
3262:
3188:
3153:
3118:
2970:
2827:
2651:
Watanabe, Morimichi (2011). Christianson, Gerald; Izbicki, Thomas M. (eds.).
1050:
702:
530:
2419:
2354:
1078:
in 1432, and his policies brought some economic prosperity to his subjects.
1025:
Although Charles VII's legacy is far overshadowed by the deeds and eventual
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3640:
3183:
3173:
3168:
3148:
3143:
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2780:
2561:
2487:
1942:
754:
714:
57:
2738:
2162:
2160:
2158:
4127:
3869:
3576:
3556:
3252:
3226:
3178:
3133:
3123:
3108:
3098:
1067:
had continued this policy, then the French would have become invincible.
930:
839:
815:
774:
449:
2590:
Sabaudian Studies: Political Culture, Dynasty, and Territory (1400–1700)
1042:) failed to do – the expulsion of the English and the conclusion of the
986:
857:
Charles VII and Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, then signed the 1435
818:
was later captured by Burgundian troops under John of Luxembourg at the
4080:
4029:
3530:
3509:
3311:
3221:
3203:
3128:
3113:
3093:
2448:
Imagining the Past in France: History in Manuscript Painting, 1250–1500
2155:
1055:
701:, to whom he had been engaged since December 1413 in a ceremony at the
981:
Charles's later years were marked by hostile relations with his heir,
738:
4239:
4070:
4034:
3886:
3662:
3524:
3514:
3435:
3158:
3138:
3007:
560:
4060:
3968:
3550:
3519:
3425:
3207:
3083:
2919:
2119:
1064:
993:
982:
628:
564:
488:
234:
125:
2822:
2795:
2429:
The Brussels Horloge de Sapience: Iconography and Text of Brussels
4427:
3103:
2189:
2187:
1006:
893:
797:
722:
556:
440:
393:
287:
61:
1095:
on 18 December 1422. They were both great-grandchildren of King
688:
Joan of Arc at the coronation of Charles VII with her white flag
517:. His four elder brothers, Charles (1386), Charles (1392–1401),
3720:
1026:
877:
823:
718:
505:, the royal residence in Paris, Charles was given the title of
65:
4096:
2184:
969:
873:
676:
572:
444:
401:
397:
361:
from 1422 to his death in 1461. His reign saw the end of the
154:
2228:
2143:
2642:
Ward, A.W.; Prothero, G.W.; Leathes, Stanley, eds. (1934).
2076:
2206:
2204:
2202:
41:
2107:
2028:
2018:
2016:
785:), demanded that the garrison commander at Vaucouleurs,
2653:
Nicholas of Cusa: A Companion to his Life and his Times
2199:
1070:
Charles VII secured himself against papal power by the
2402:
The Longman Companion to Renaissance Europe, 1390–1530
2280:
2240:
2052:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
872:
Over the following two decades, the French recaptured
2525:
The Virgin Warrior: The Life and Death of Joan of Arc
2172:
2040:
2013:
2472:. Translated by Jeremy Adams. St. Martin's Griffin.
2216:
2131:
2064:
1913:
2641:
2292:
2252:
2166:
2001:
1980:
1103:through the male line. They had fourteen children:
2446:Morrison, Elizabeth; Hedeman, Anne Dawson (2010).
2093:
2091:
826:by a court composed of pro-English clergy such as
2571:John the Fearless: The Growth of Burgundian Power
2366:. Vol. 2. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 373.
4695:
2445:
2234:
1372:, by whom he had three illegitimate daughters:
4678:Cross-dressing, gender identity, and sexuality
1392:, herself ultimately a famous royal mistress).
412:, had disinherited him in 1420 and recognized
4112:
3902:
3678:
3023:
384:under desperate circumstances. Forces of the
4323:Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance
2334:
2193:
2149:
745:since October 1428. The English regent, the
352:
2672:Queens and Mistresses of Renaissance France
2494:
2464:
2125:
2113:
2082:
575:where Charles was staying. They signed the
4119:
4105:
3909:
3895:
3685:
3671:
3030:
3016:
591:
452:as a spiritual leader in France. Joan and
400:, the capital and most populous city, and
335:(22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461), called
40:
4621:Szenen aus dem Leben der Heiligen Johanna
1009:, in Burgundy, for his father to die. At
604:, son of Henry and Charles VI's daughter
2826:
2718:
2650:
2513:
2399:
2246:
2210:
2058:
1936:
846:, particularly his mother-in-law, Queen
683:
627:
456:led French troops to lift the sieges of
4551:Jeannette: The Childhood of Joan of Arc
4535:The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc
4420:The Trial of Joan of Arc at Rouen, 1431
4270:Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick
2832:Charles VII (1403–1461), king of France
2745:
2721:The Middle Ages: An Illustrated History
2694:The Reign of Henry the Fifth: 1413–1415
2669:
2568:
2315:
2286:
2046:
2034:
2022:
657: Territories controlled by Charles
525:(1398–1417) had each held the title of
14:
4719:Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis
4696:
4683:Alternative historical interpretations
3916:
3692:
3037:
2760:
2606:
2587:
2522:
2380:
2364:Handbook of European History 1400–1600
2222:
2178:
2070:
1995:
1782:
1662:
1658:
1648:
1540:
1430:
1426:
404:, the city in which French kings were
380:, Charles VII inherited the throne of
4100:
3890:
3666:
3011:
2799:
2723:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2688:
2610:Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War
2426:
2361:
2298:
2258:
2137:
2007:
1966:Watanabe states Radegonde died at 19.
1858:
1848:
1844:
1832:
1826:
1816:
1800:
1790:
1786:
1770:
1764:
1754:
1738:
1728:
1724:
1712:
1706:
1696:
1680:
1670:
1666:
1642:
1632:
1616:
1606:
1602:
1590:
1584:
1574:
1558:
1548:
1544:
1528:
1522:
1512:
1496:
1486:
1482:
1470:
1464:
1454:
1438:
1434:
757:, ruled by Charles's brother-in-law,
3651:Debatable or disputed rulers are in
2646:. Cambridge at the University Press.
2541:
2270:
2097:
648: Territories controlled by the
436:, which was allied to the English).
1378:, possibly born the summer of 1444.
732:
618:Dual monarchy of England and France
371:English claims to the French throne
24:
2712:
2637:from the original on 16 July 2018.
2546:. University of California Press.
2518:. Vol. IV. Faber & Faber.
2516:Cursed Kings:The Hundred Years War
1416:Ancestors of Charles VII of France
1384:, m. Jacques de Brézé (their son,
1091:Charles married his second cousin
623:
614:John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford
543:Assassination of John the Fearless
25:
4780:
2788:
2592:. Truman State University Press.
2167:Ward, Prothero & Leathes 1934
1308:Twin of Joanna, died in infancy.
883:
833:
4759:People of the Hundred Years' War
4179:Siege of Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier
4011:
3868:
2821:
2817:. Chicago: F. E. Compton and Co.
2810:The New Student's Reference Work
2794:
2746:Lanhers, Yvonne (20 July 1998).
1916:
1294:Twin of Marie, died aged eight.
961:
945:
929:
904:
892:
639: Territories controlled by
322:
278:Charlotte, Countess of Maulévier
245:Catherine, Countess of Charolais
27:King of France from 1422 to 1461
4126:
2914:21 October 1422 – 22 July 1461
2523:Taylor, Larissa Juliet (2009).
2495:Schlesinger, Arthur M. (1985).
1960:
1932:Journal d'un bourgeois de Paris
1386:Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet
1357:Died without legitimate issue.
1339:Gaston of Foix, Prince of Viana
1049:Charles created France's first
472:with Burgundy, followed by the
396:and northern France, including
207:
2748:"Charles VII – king of France"
2696:. Cambridge University Press.
2308:
1176:Sigismund, Archduke of Austria
911:Charles VII the Victorious by
273:Marie, Countess of Taillebourg
97:21 October 1422 – 22 July 1461
13:
1:
2844:. Cambridge University Press.
2588:Vester, Matthew, ed. (2013).
2337:The Private Life of Edward IV
2316:Allmand, Christopher (2014).
1973:
1363:
1141:, no issue. Married secondly
1072:Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges
675: Joan of Arc's route to
494:
224:
69:
4764:15th-century peers of France
4714:15th-century kings of France
2644:The Cambridge Modern History
2499:. Chelsea House Publishers.
1709:Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
1407:
1038:and great-great grandfather
899:Charles VII depicted in 1444
420:raged in France between the
260:Magdalena, Princess of Viana
7:
4142:Maid of Lorraine prophecies
2941:5 April 1417 – 3 July 1423
2805:Charles VII, king of France
2514:Sumption, Jonathan (2015).
2335:Ashdown-Hill, John (2016).
2235:Morrison & Hedeman 2010
1909:
1861:Beatrice Regina della Scala
1683:Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria
1086:
408:. In addition, his father,
18:Charles VII, King of France
10:
4785:
4673:National symbols of France
4463:The Passion of Joan of Arc
2719:Hanawalt, Barbara (1998).
2670:Wellman, Kathleen (2013).
2427:Monks, Peter Rolf (1990).
1776:
1660:
1534:
1428:
1074:. He also established the
802:Jean Poton de Xaintrailles
753:), was advancing into the
708:Charles claimed the title
669: English raid of 1415
540:
536:
439:With his court removed to
4659:
4596:
4569:
4438:
4387:
4341:
4314:
4287:
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4134:
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3390:
3301:
3197:
3073:
3043:
2995:
2977:
2968:
2958:
2945:
2934:
2926:
2916:
2899:
2891:
2886:
2851:
2674:. Yale University Press.
2569:Vaughan, Richard (2005).
2527:. Yale University Press.
2400:Fletcher, Stella (2013).
2362:Brady, Thomas A. (1994).
2320:. Yale University Press.
1846:
1838:
1810:
1788:
1784:
1748:
1726:
1718:
1690:
1668:
1664:
1626:
1604:
1596:
1568:
1546:
1542:
1506:
1484:
1476:
1448:
1432:
1230:Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy
1152:
1081:
1020:
616:, based in Normandy (see
577:Treaty of Pouilly-le-Fort
318:
308:
298:
286:
250:Yolande, Duchess of Savoy
217:
192:
178:
161:
148:
144:
131:
121:
111:
101:
93:
79:
39:
34:
4637:The Survival of St. Joan
4519:The Trial of Joan of Arc
4503:Joan of Arc at the Stake
4260:Jean II, Duke of Alençon
3879:* Count through marriage
2450:. J. Paul Getty Museum.
2381:Debris, Cyrille (2005).
2128:, pp. 103–137, 209.
1953:
1941:Charles VII depicted by
1561:Peter I, Duke of Bourbon
1403:, cousin of Agnès Sorel.
1401:Antoinette de Maignelais
1250:John II, Duke of Bourbon
1063:asserts that if his son
1034:, his great-grandfather
610:Charles, Duke of Orléans
434:House of Valois-Burgundy
255:Joan, Duchess of Bourbon
4645:Das Mädchen aus Domrémy
4629:The Triumph of St. Joan
4296:The Tale of Joan of Arc
3064:List of French monarchs
3002:1417 – 21 October 1422
2975:1417 – 21 October 1422
2956:1417 – 21 October 1422
2837:Encyclopædia Britannica
2753:Encyclopædia Britannica
2339:. Amberley Publishing.
2126:Pernoud & Clin 1999
2114:Pernoud & Clin 1999
1156:Lived for a few hours.
838:Nearly as important as
773:, a teenage girl named
592:Treaty of Troyes (1420)
186:Basilica of Saint-Denis
3570:(1814–1815; 1815–1830)
3059:List of Frankish kings
3054:Simplified family tree
2853:Charles VII of France
2761:Taylor, Aline (2001).
2655:. Ashgate Publishing.
2470:Joan of Arc: her story
2385:(in French). Brepols.
1950:
1645:Charles VII of France
1076:University of Poitiers
1053:since Roman times. In
917:The Walters Art Museum
782:
689:
681:
353:
344:
265:Charles, Duke of Berry
4235:Charles VII of France
2690:Wylie, James Hamilton
1940:
787:Robert de Baudricourt
687:
631:
406:traditionally crowned
4739:Dauphins of Viennois
4495:Daughters of Destiny
3049:Detailed family tree
2863:Cadet branch of the
1525:Charles VI of France
1139:Margaret of Scotland
511:Charles VI of France
303:Charles VI of France
4754:Nobility from Paris
4613:The Maid of Orleans
4543:The Silence of Joan
4471:Saint Joan the Maid
4396:The Maid of Orleans
4280:Cultural depictions
4135:Life and background
3485:Henry VI of England
2982:Merged in the crown
2963:Merged in the crown
2937:Dauphin of Viennois
2908:Henry VI of England
2607:Wagner, J. (2006).
2468:; Clin, M. (1999).
2169:, p. table 22.
2037:, pp. 133–135.
1741:Elisabeth of Sicily
1499:Bonne of Luxembourg
1467:Charles V of France
1178:, on 22 July 1430.
1099:and his first wife
1061:Niccolò Machiavelli
913:Antoine-Louis Barye
869:as King of France.
863:Prince of the Blood
765:, on the border of
717:at castles such as
641:Henry VI of England
606:Catherine of Valois
602:Henry VI of England
478:Battle of Castillon
432:(supporters of the
424:(supporters of the
136:Henry VI of England
4734:Dauphins of France
4147:Hundred Years' War
3918:Dauphins of France
3694:Counts of Poitiers
3632:House of Bonaparte
3542:House of Bonaparte
3472:House of Lancaster
3038:Monarchs of France
2985:Title next held by
1951:
1767:Isabeau of Bavaria
1619:Isabella of Valois
1388:, in turn married
1143:Charlotte of Savoy
1137:. Married firstly
1044:Hundred Years' War
999:John V of Armagnac
820:Siege of Compiègne
690:
682:
663: Main battles
515:Isabeau of Bavaria
414:Henry V of England
386:Kingdom of England
378:Hundred Years' War
363:Hundred Years' War
313:Isabeau of Bavaria
4691:
4690:
4655:
4654:
4589:(1999 miniseries)
4094:
4093:
3884:
3883:
3660:
3659:
3621:Louis Philippe II
3544:(1804–1814; 1815)
3006:
3005:
2998:Count of Ponthieu
2917:Succeeded by
2911:
2765:. Madison Books.
2681:978-0-3001-7885-2
2627:978-0-3133-2736-0
2573:. Boydell Press.
2553:978-0-5200-2787-9
2542:Vale, M. (1974).
2506:978-0-8775-4556-9
2479:978-0-3122-2730-2
2438:978-9-0040-9088-0
2411:978-1-1381-6532-8
2346:978-1-4456-5245-0
2196:, p. xxviii.
2194:Ashdown-Hill 2016
2150:Ashdown-Hill 2016
1906:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1587:Joanna of Bourbon
1441:John II of France
1390:Diane de Poitiers
1361:
1360:
1266:Died in infancy.
1225:23/29 August 1478
1222:23 September 1434
1191:13 September 1446
1153:19 September 1426
1097:John II of France
974:from 1422 or 1423
968:Charles VII on a
848:Yolande of Aragon
812:on 17 July 1429.
727:Iberian Peninsula
695:Yolande of Aragon
549:John the Fearless
527:Dauphin of France
507:Count of Ponthieu
474:recovery of Paris
330:
329:
16:(Redirected from
4776:
4729:Armagnac faction
4372:Washington, D.C.
4367:Portland, Oregon
4285:
4284:
4255:Guy XIV de Laval
4157:Siege of Orléans
4121:
4114:
4107:
4098:
4097:
4050:Le Petit Dauphin
4042:Le Grand Dauphin
4022:House of Bourbon
4015:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3888:
3887:
3872:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3664:
3663:
3615:Louis Philippe I
3606:House of Orléans
3568:House of Bourbon
3496:House of Bourbon
3032:
3025:
3018:
3009:
3008:
2948:Duke of Touraine
2927:Preceded by
2905:
2892:Preceded by
2882:
2875:
2874:22 February 1403
2866:Capetian dynasty
2849:
2848:
2845:
2825:
2818:
2798:
2784:
2757:
2742:
2707:
2685:
2666:
2647:
2638:
2636:
2615:
2603:
2584:
2580:978-0-85115916-4
2565:
2538:
2519:
2510:
2491:
2461:
2442:
2423:
2396:
2377:
2358:
2331:
2302:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2197:
2191:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2095:
2086:
2085:, p. 17-18.
2083:Schlesinger 1985
2080:
2074:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1967:
1964:
1926:
1924:Biography portal
1921:
1920:
1919:
1803:Bernabò Visconti
1422:
1421:
1413:
1412:
1351:12 December 1446
1305:14 February 1439
1302:7 September 1438
1291:26 December 1446
1288:7 September 1438
1212:Died aged five.
1196:Charles the Bold
1106:
1105:
1101:Bonne of Bohemia
965:
949:
933:
908:
896:
733:Siege of Orléans
674:
668:
662:
656:
650:Duke of Burgundy
647:
638:
598:Treaty of Troyes
553:Duke of Burgundy
521:(1397–1415) and
430:Burgundian party
390:duke of Burgundy
356:
326:
228:
211:
209:
168:
152:22 February 1403
140:
74:
73: 1445–1450
71:
55:
44:
32:
31:
21:
4784:
4783:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4773:
4749:House of Valois
4694:
4693:
4692:
4687:
4651:
4605:Giovanna d'Arco
4592:
4565:
4434:
4383:
4378:Jeanne au Sacre
4337:
4310:
4274:
4265:Jean V de Bueil
4245:André de Lohéac
4209:
4203:
4167:Meung-sur-Loire
4130:
4125:
4095:
4090:
4016:
4007:
3982:Charles Orlando
3926:House of Valois
3920:
3915:
3885:
3880:
3873:
3864:
3696:
3691:
3661:
3656:
3645:
3626:
3600:
3562:
3536:
3490:
3465:
3392:House of Valois
3386:
3297:
3258:Charles the Fat
3217:Pepin the Short
3202:
3193:
3069:
3068:
3039:
3036:
3001:
2986:
2983:
2974:
2964:
2955:
2952:Count of Poitou
2950:
2940:
2932:
2922:
2913:
2904:
2897:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2861:
2858:House of Valois
2854:
2830:, ed. (1911). "
2803:, ed. (1914). "
2791:
2773:
2731:
2715:
2713:Further reading
2710:
2704:
2682:
2663:
2634:
2628:
2618:Greenwood Press
2613:
2600:
2581:
2554:
2535:
2507:
2480:
2458:
2439:
2412:
2393:
2374:
2347:
2328:
2311:
2306:
2305:
2297:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2209:
2200:
2192:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2156:
2152:, p. xxiv.
2148:
2144:
2136:
2132:
2124:
2120:
2112:
2108:
2096:
2089:
2081:
2077:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2053:
2045:
2041:
2033:
2029:
2021:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1994:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1829:Taddea Visconti
1410:
1366:
1334:21 January 1495
1331:1 December 1443
1280:Died aged one.
1260:4 February 1436
1167:
1089:
1084:
1023:
1011:Mehun-sur-Yèvre
979:
978:
977:
976:
975:
966:
958:
957:
950:
942:
941:
934:
923:
922:
921:
920:
919:
909:
901:
900:
897:
886:
859:Treaty of Arras
836:
810:Reims Cathedral
806:Battle of Patay
747:Duke of Bedford
735:
680:
672:
670:
666:
664:
660:
658:
654:
652:
645:
643:
636:
626:
624:King of Bourges
594:
586:Philip the Good
571:, not far from
569:Pouilly-le-Fort
545:
539:
502:HĂ´tel Saint-Pol
497:
470:Treaty of Arras
466:Reims Cathedral
462:Battle of Patay
443:, south of the
426:House of Valois
349:the Well-Served
282:
222:
221:
213:
210: 1422)
205:
201:
188:
183:
172:Mehun-sur-Yèvre
170:
166:
153:
138:
89:
75:
72:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4782:
4772:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4744:Dukes of Berry
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4667:March to Reims
4663:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4624:(written 1943)
4617:
4609:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4582:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4555:
4547:
4539:
4531:
4523:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4475:
4467:
4459:
4455:Joan the Woman
4451:
4442:
4440:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4424:
4416:
4408:
4400:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4327:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4300:
4291:
4289:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4250:Gilles de Rais
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4226:
4223:Isabelle Romée
4220:
4213:
4211:
4210:contemporaries
4205:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4152:Loire Campaign
4149:
4144:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4124:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4101:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4045:
4037:
4032:
4026:
4024:
4018:
4017:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3891:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3808:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3744:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3690:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3667:
3658:
3657:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3635:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3501:
3499:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3480:
3478:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3303:House of Capet
3299:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3164:Childebert III
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3004:
3003:
2993:
2992:
2984:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2957:
2943:
2942:
2933:
2930:John of Valois
2928:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2915:
2906:disputed with
2902:King of France
2898:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2887:Regnal titles
2884:
2883:
2862:
2855:
2852:
2847:
2846:
2819:
2790:
2789:External links
2787:
2786:
2785:
2771:
2758:
2743:
2729:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2703:978-0331786897
2702:
2686:
2680:
2667:
2661:
2648:
2639:
2626:
2604:
2599:978-1612480947
2598:
2585:
2579:
2566:
2552:
2539:
2534:978-0300114584
2533:
2520:
2511:
2505:
2492:
2478:
2462:
2457:978-1606060292
2456:
2443:
2437:
2424:
2410:
2397:
2392:978-2503516752
2391:
2378:
2373:978-0802841940
2372:
2359:
2345:
2332:
2327:978-0520082939
2326:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2291:
2289:, p. 191.
2279:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2227:
2215:
2213:, p. 105.
2198:
2183:
2181:, p. 361.
2171:
2154:
2142:
2140:, p. 373.
2130:
2118:
2106:
2087:
2075:
2073:, p. 230.
2063:
2061:, p. 736.
2051:
2049:, p. 274.
2039:
2027:
2025:, p. 263.
2012:
2010:, p. 441.
2000:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1945:as one of the
1935:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1379:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1135:King of France
1132:
1131:30 August 1483
1129:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1093:Marie of Anjou
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1022:
1019:
971:Franc Ă cheval
967:
960:
959:
951:
944:
943:
935:
928:
927:
926:
925:
924:
910:
903:
902:
898:
891:
890:
889:
888:
887:
885:
884:Close of reign
882:
835:
834:French victory
832:
828:Pierre Cauchon
749:(the uncle of
734:
731:
710:King of France
699:Marie of Anjou
671:
665:
659:
653:
644:
635:
625:
622:
593:
590:
538:
535:
531:heirs apparent
496:
493:
482:Pale of Calais
454:Jean de Dunois
359:King of France
337:the Victorious
328:
327:
320:
316:
315:
310:
306:
305:
300:
296:
295:
290:
284:
283:
281:
280:
275:
270:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
231:
229:
215:
214:
203:
199:Marie of Anjou
197:
196:
194:
190:
189:
184:
180:
176:
175:
169:(aged 58)
163:
159:
158:
150:
146:
145:
142:
141:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
105:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
83:
81:King of France
77:
76:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4781:
4770:
4769:Sons of kings
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4724:Ancien RĂ©gime
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4561:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4527:Joan the Maid
4524:
4521:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:New York City
4355:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4217:Jacques d'Arc
4215:
4214:
4212:
4206:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4122:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4014:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3907:
3905:
3900:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3876:
3871:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3669:
3668:
3665:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3190:
3189:Childeric III
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:Theuderic III
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3119:Childebert II
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3033:
3028:
3026:
3021:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2980:
2973:
2972:
2971:Duke of Berry
2967:
2961:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2938:
2931:
2925:
2921:
2912:
2909:
2903:
2896:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2860:
2859:
2850:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2772:1-5683-3227-0
2768:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2730:0-1951-0359-9
2726:
2722:
2717:
2716:
2705:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2662:9781315598277
2658:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2619:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:. Routledge.
2403:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2301:, p. 11.
2300:
2295:
2288:
2283:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2261:, p. 10.
2260:
2255:
2249:, p. 81.
2248:
2247:Fletcher 2013
2243:
2236:
2231:
2225:, p. ix.
2224:
2219:
2212:
2211:Watanabe 2011
2207:
2205:
2203:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2151:
2146:
2139:
2134:
2127:
2122:
2116:, p. 88.
2115:
2110:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2072:
2067:
2060:
2059:Sumption 2015
2055:
2048:
2043:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2009:
2004:
1998:, p. 89.
1997:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1963:
1959:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1914:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1341:, had issue.
1340:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:, had issue.
1231:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1174:Betrothed to
1173:
1171:February 1445
1170:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1145:, had issue.
1144:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1051:standing army
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1002:
1000:
995:
990:
988:
984:
973:
972:
964:
955:
948:
939:
932:
918:
914:
907:
895:
881:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
855:
853:
849:
845:
844:Marie d'Anjou
841:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
794:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
711:
706:
704:
703:Louvre Palace
700:
696:
686:
678:
651:
642:
634:
630:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
589:
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
544:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
503:
492:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
354:le Bien-Servi
350:
346:
345:le Victorieux
342:
338:
334:
325:
321:
317:
314:
311:
307:
304:
301:
297:
294:
291:
289:
285:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:Illegitimate:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
232:
230:
227:
226:
220:
216:
200:
195:
191:
187:
182:7 August 1461
181:
177:
173:
164:
160:
156:
151:
147:
143:
137:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
87:
82:
78:
67:
66:Louvre Museum
63:
59:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4643:
4635:
4627:
4619:
4611:
4603:
4584:
4576:
4557:
4549:
4541:
4533:
4525:
4517:
4509:
4501:
4493:
4486:
4477:
4469:
4461:
4453:
4445:
4426:
4418:
4411:
4403:
4395:
4376:
4350:Jeanne d'Arc
4349:
4329:
4321:
4302:
4294:
4234:
4229:Pierre d'Arc
4199:Canonization
4076:Louis Joseph
4049:
4041:
3977:Charles VIII
3963:
3856:
3795:William VIII
3652:
3641:Napoleon III
3619:
3593:
3586:
3555:
3529:
3483:
3475:
3470:
3431:Charles VIII
3420:
3199:Carolingians
3184:Theuderic IV
3174:Chilperic II
3169:Dagobert III
3149:Childeric II
3144:Chlothar III
3089:Childebert I
3075:Merovingians
2996:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2959:
2946:
2935:
2900:
2881:22 July 1461
2878:
2871:
2864:
2856:
2841:
2836:
2814:
2808:
2762:
2751:
2720:
2693:
2671:
2652:
2643:
2609:
2589:
2570:
2543:
2524:
2515:
2496:
2469:
2447:
2428:
2401:
2382:
2363:
2336:
2317:
2294:
2287:Wellman 2013
2282:
2266:
2254:
2242:
2237:, p. 5.
2230:
2218:
2174:
2145:
2133:
2121:
2109:
2078:
2066:
2054:
2047:Vaughan 2005
2042:
2035:Allmand 2014
2030:
2023:Vaughan 2005
2003:
1962:
1943:Jean Fouquet
1644:
1321:Died young.
1277:24 July 1438
1263:11 June 1436
1252:, no issue.
1209:2 March 1437
1198:, no issue.
1090:
1069:
1054:
1048:
1024:
1003:
991:
980:
970:
953:
952:Charles VII
937:
936:Charles VII
871:
856:
837:
814:
795:
791:
783:Jeanne d'Arc
755:Duchy of Bar
736:
715:Loire Valley
707:
691:
632:
595:
546:
500:
499:Born at the
498:
486:
438:
375:
366:
348:
336:
332:
331:
223:
167:(1461-07-22)
165:22 July 1461
107:17 July 1429
58:Jean Fouquet
29:
4709:1461 deaths
4704:1403 births
4669:(initiated)
4586:Joan of Arc
4559:Joan of Arc
4487:Joan of Arc
4479:Joan of Arc
4447:Joan of Arc
4331:Joan of Arc
4304:Joan of Arc
4128:Joan of Arc
3964:Charles VII
3790:William VII
3765:William III
3634:(1852–1870)
3608:(1830–1848)
3577:Louis XVIII
3557:Napoleon II
3498:(1589–1792)
3476:(1422–1453)
3421:Charles VII
3394:(1328–1589)
3268:Charles III
3253:Carloman II
3229:(Charles I)
3227:Charlemagne
3179:Chlothar IV
3134:Sigebert II
3124:Chlothar II
3109:Chilperic I
3099:Charibert I
2828:Chisholm, H
2544:Charles VII
2497:Joan of Arc
2466:Pernoud, R.
2309:Works cited
2223:Vester 2013
2179:Debris 2005
2071:Taylor 2009
1996:Wagner 2006
1370:Agnès Sorel
1354:24 May 1472
1168:August 1428
1128:3 July 1423
1015:Saint-Denis
865:recognised
852:Agnès Sorel
840:Joan of Arc
775:Joan of Arc
743:under siege
450:Joan of Arc
376:During the
369:end of the
333:Charles VII
112:Predecessor
50: [
35:Charles VII
4698:Categories
4578:Saint Joan
4570:Television
4511:Saint Joan
4404:Saint Joan
4208:Family and
4081:Louis XVII
4030:Louis XIII
4003:Francis II
3939:Charles VI
3817:William IX
3785:William VI
3770:William IV
3760:William II
3551:Napoleon I
3531:Louis XVII
3510:Louis XIII
3456:Charles IX
3451:Francis II
3416:Charles VI
3382:Charles IV
3357:Philip III
3347:Louis VIII
3312:Hugh Capet
3305:(987–1328)
3238:Charles II
3222:Carloman I
3204:Robertians
3129:Dagobert I
3114:Sigebert I
3094:Chlothar I
2989:Charles II
2910:, 1422–29
2895:Charles VI
2299:Monks 1990
2273:, p.
2259:Monks 1990
2138:Brady 1994
2100:, p.
2008:Wylie 1914
1974:References
1947:three Magi
1364:Mistresses
1245:4 May 1482
1242:4 May 1435
1056:The Prince
938:Royal d'or
915:, held in
541:See also:
495:Early life
428:) and the
410:Charles VI
116:Charles VI
103:Coronation
4352:(Frémiet)
4315:Paintings
4240:Pierronne
4231:(brother)
4172:Beaugency
4086:Louis XIX
4071:Louis XVI
4035:Louis XIV
3934:Charles V
3780:William V
3755:William I
3731:Ranulf II
3716:Bernard I
3588:Louis XIX
3582:Charles X
3525:Louis XVI
3515:Louis XIV
3461:Henry III
3441:Francis I
3436:Louis XII
3411:Charles V
3401:Philip VI
3362:Philip IV
3342:Philip II
3337:Louis VII
3317:Robert II
3248:Louis III
3210:(751–987)
3159:Clovis IV
3139:Clovis II
3077:(509–751)
2756:(online).
2431:. Brill.
2420:28855605M
2355:28605946M
2271:Vale 1974
2098:Vale 1974
1408:Ancestors
1382:Charlotte
1327:Magdalena
1184:Catherine
1162:Radegonde
1040:Philip VI
1032:Charles V
1027:martyrdom
771:Champagne
741:had been
582:Montereau
561:Parlement
422:Armagnacs
418:civil war
392:occupied
319:Signature
240:Radegonde
139:(1422–53)
132:Contender
122:Successor
68:, Paris,
64:on wood,
4412:The Lark
4225:(mother)
4219:(father)
4061:Louis XV
3998:Henry II
3993:François
3989:François
3973:François
3969:Louis XI
3861:François
3852:John III
3832:Alphonse
3738:Robert I
3735:Gauzbert
3726:Ranulf I
3520:Louis XV
3505:Henry IV
3446:Henry II
3426:Louis XI
3377:Philip V
3352:Louis IX
3332:Louis VI
3327:Philip I
3283:Louis IV
3273:Robert I
3243:Louis II
3208:Bosonids
3084:Clovis I
2920:Louis XI
2839:11th ed.
2801:Beach, C
2781:3947295M
2692:(1914).
2632:Archived
2562:5070704M
2488:9536734M
1910:See also
1337:Married
1313:Isabella
1274:May 1437
1271:Margaret
1248:Married
1228:Married
1194:Married
1087:Children
1065:Louis XI
994:diabetes
987:Dauphiné
954:Ecu neuf
867:Henry VI
767:Lorraine
751:Henry VI
565:Poitiers
489:Louis XI
388:and the
367:de facto
235:Louis XI
174:, France
157:, France
126:Louis XI
47:Portrait
4660:Related
4428:I, Joan
4342:Statues
4194:Retrial
4162:Jargeau
4048:Louis,
4040:Louis,
3986:Charles
3949:Charles
3944:Charles
3857:Charles
3847:John II
3827:Richard
3800:Eleanor
3653:italics
3595:Henry V
3406:John II
3367:Louis X
3322:Henry I
3293:Louis V
3288:Lothair
3278:Rudolph
3233:Louis I
3104:Guntram
2739:346808M
2318:Henry V
1395:Jeanne.
1347:Charles
1218:Yolande
1166:1425 or
1036:John II
1007:Avesnes
798:La Hire
763:Domrémy
739:Orléans
723:Bourges
679:in 1429
557:Bourges
537:Dauphin
458:Orléans
441:Bourges
394:Guyenne
357:), was
212:
204:
86:more...
62:tempera
4648:(1976)
4640:(1970)
4632:(1950)
4616:(1881)
4608:(1845)
4597:Operas
4581:(1967)
4562:(2019)
4554:(2017)
4546:(2011)
4538:(1999)
4530:(1994)
4522:(1962)
4514:(1957)
4506:(1954)
4498:(1954)
4490:(1948)
4482:(1935)
4474:(1929)
4466:(1928)
4458:(1916)
4450:(1900)
4431:(2022)
4423:(1952)
4415:(1952)
4407:(1923)
4399:(1801)
4334:(1879)
4326:(1863)
4307:(1796)
4299:(1429)
4288:Poetry
3842:John I
3837:Philip
3750:Ebalus
3742:Ebalus
3721:Emenon
3711:Renaud
3707:Hatton
3704:Guerin
3372:John I
2979:Vacant
2960:Vacant
2877:
2779:
2769:
2737:
2727:
2700:
2678:
2659:
2624:
2596:
2577:
2560:
2550:
2531:
2503:
2486:
2476:
2454:
2435:
2418:
2408:
2389:
2370:
2353:
2343:
2324:
1285:Joanna
1257:Philip
1118:Notes
1082:Family
1021:Legacy
956:, 1436
878:Calais
824:heresy
800:, and
779:French
719:Chinon
673:
667:
661:
655:
646:
637:
559:and a
382:France
365:and a
341:French
309:Mother
299:Father
293:Valois
225:Detail
193:Spouse
179:Burial
4439:Films
4388:Plays
4362:Paris
4189:Trial
4066:Louis
4056:Louis
3954:Louis
3811:Henry
3805:Louis
3775:Eudes
3746:Aymar
2879:Died:
2872:Born:
2635:(PDF)
2614:(PDF)
1954:Notes
1376:Marie
1299:Marie
1203:James
1124:Louis
1115:Death
1112:Birth
983:Louis
874:Paris
677:Reims
573:Melun
519:Louis
445:Loire
402:Reims
398:Paris
347:) or
288:House
219:Issue
206:(
202:
155:Paris
94:Reign
54:]
4184:Name
3959:John
3822:Otto
3206:and
2767:ISBN
2725:ISBN
2698:ISBN
2676:ISBN
2657:ISBN
2622:ISBN
2594:ISBN
2575:ISBN
2548:ISBN
2529:ISBN
2501:ISBN
2474:ISBN
2452:ISBN
2433:ISBN
2406:ISBN
2387:ISBN
2368:ISBN
2341:ISBN
2322:ISBN
1859:15.
1801:14.
1739:13.
1681:12.
1617:11.
1559:10.
1316:1441
1238:Joan
1206:1432
1188:1428
1150:John
1109:Name
816:Joan
769:and
759:René
633:1429
523:John
513:and
162:Died
149:Born
3263:Odo
2834:".
2807:".
1827:7.
1765:3.
1707:6.
1643:1.
1585:5.
1523:2.
1497:9.
1465:4.
1439:8.
620:).
563:in
529:as
56:by
4700::
2813:.
2777:OL
2775:.
2750:.
2735:OL
2733:.
2630:.
2620:.
2616:.
2558:OL
2556:.
2484:OL
2482:.
2416:OL
2414:.
2351:OL
2349:.
2275:92
2201:^
2186:^
2157:^
2102:46
2090:^
2015:^
1982:^
1059:,
1046:.
1017:.
1001:.
880:.
854:.
781::
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491:.
484:.
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70:c.
60:,
52:fr
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4106:v
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3807:*
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3679:t
3672:v
3655:.
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3031:e
3024:t
3017:v
2842:5
2815:1
2783:.
2741:.
2706:.
2684:.
2665:.
2602:.
2583:.
2564:.
2537:.
2509:.
2490:.
2460:.
2441:.
2422:.
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2376:.
2357:.
2330:.
2277:.
2104:.
1949:.
940:.
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