300:. The widest layer is III. Its pyramidal neurons are smaller nearer the above layer II than the below layer IV. Like layer II its cells are medium to dark. Layers II and III make up 43% of the cortex depth. Layer IV has clear borders with layers III above and V below and it is thin. Its cells are pale to medium in staining. Layer V is wide and contains two distinct sublayers, Va and Vb. The density of cells Va is greater than in Vb and have darker staining. Layers IV and V make up 40% of cortical thickness. Layer VI below layer V and above the white matter contains dark pyramidal and fusiform neurons. It contributes 6% of area 10 thickness.
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cortex and cingulate cortex." It has been proposed that due to this connectivity that it can "play a major role in the highest level of integration of information coming from visual, auditory, and somatic sensory systems to achieve amodal, abstract, conceptual interpretation of the environment .. and may be the anatomical basis for the suggested role of the rostral prefrontal cortex in influencing abstract information processing and the integration of the outcomes of multiple cognitive operations".
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Large pyramidal cells are also present in 10r layer III and even more so in area 10p. But it is noted that the "differences between the three areas are gradual, however, and it is difficult to draw sharp boundaries between them". Medial frontopolar (Area 10m) cortex also contains fewer parvalbumin- and calbindin-immunoreactive neurons relative to other frontal lobe regions, especially Area 14 in orbitofrontal cortex and Area 46 in PFC.
439:, to which the frontopolar cortex is connected through the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. A 2006 meta-analysis found that the rostral prefrontal cortex was involved in working memory, episodic memory and multiple-task coordination. This area has also been implicated in decision making prior to the decision being available to conscious awareness
423:
subsequent retrieval and execution upon completion of the ongoing one. Many of our complex behaviors and mental activities require simultaneous engagement of multiple tasks, and they suggest the anterior prefrontal cortex may perform a domain-general function in these scheduling operations. Thus, the frontopolar cortex shares features with the
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Although this region is extensive in humans, its function is poorly understood. Koechlin & Hyafil have proposed that processing of 'cognitive branching' is the core function of the frontopolar cortex. Cognitive branching enables a previously running task to be maintained in a pending state for
323:
BA 10 is divided into three sub-areas, 10p, 10m and 10r. 10p occupies the frontal pole while the other two cover the ventromedial part of the prefrontal cortex. Area 10m has thin layers II and IV and a more prominent layer V. In contrast, area 10r has a prominent layer II and a thicker layer IV.
287:
In humans the six cortical layers of area 10 have been described as having a "remarkably homogeneous appearance". All of them are readily identified. Relative to each other, layer I is thin to medium in width making up 11% of the depth of area 10. Layer II is thin and contains small granular and
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Its connections have been summarized as "it seems not to be interconnected with ‘downstream’ areas in the way that other prefrontal areas are. .. it is the only prefrontal region that is predominantly (and possibly exclusively) interconnected with supramodal cortex in the PFC, anterior temporal
29:
401:
Katerina
Semendeferi and colleagues has suggested that "During hominid evolution, area 10 underwent a couple of .. changes: one involves a considerable increase in overall size, and the other involves a specific increase in connectivity, especially with other higher-order association areas."
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in the white matter of the superior temporal gyrus areas on the superior temporal gyrus (areas TAa, TS2, and TS3) and nearby multisensory areas on the upper bank of the superior temporal sulcus (TPO). Another area connected through the extreme capsule is the ventral region of the
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Research upon primates suggests that area 10 has inputs and output connections with other higher-order association cortex areas particularly in the prefrontal cortex while having few with primary sensory or motor areas. Its connections through the
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Gilbert, Sam J.; Spengler, Stephanie; Simons, Jon S.; Steele, J. Douglas; Lawrie, Stephen M.; Frith, Christopher D.; Burgess, Paul W. (2006-06-01). "Functional specialization within rostral prefrontal cortex (area 10): a meta-analysis".
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Area 10 differs from the adjacent
Brodmann 9 in that the latter has a more distinct layer Vb and more prominent layer II. Neighbouring Brodmann area 11 compared to area 10 has a thinner layer IV with more prominent layers Va, Vb and II.
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BA10 is the largest cytoarchitectonic area in the human brain. It has been described as "one of the least well understood regions of the human brain". Present research suggests that it is involved in
275:
In humans the frontal pole area of the prefrontal cortex includes not only area 10 but part of BA 9. BA 10 also extends beyond the pole area into its ventromedial side. In
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are used to refer to the area in the most anterior part of the frontal cortex that approximately covers BA10—simply to emphasize the fact that BA10 does not include
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Knowlton, Barbara J.; Morrison, Robert G.; Hummel, John E.; Holyoak, Keith J. (July 2012). "A neurocomputational system for relational reasoning".
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The volume of the human BA10 is about 14 cm and constitutes roughly 1.2% of total brain volume. This is twice what would be expected in a
232:. In humans, on the medial aspect of the hemisphere it is bounded ventrally by the superior rostral sulcus. It does not extend as far as the
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is about 2.8 cm, and makes up only 0.74% of its brain volume. In each hemisphere, area 10 contains an estimated 250 million neurons.
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Area 10 in humans has the lowest neuron density among primate brains. It is also unusual in that its neurons have particularly extensive
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Burgess, P.W.; Dumontheil, I.; Gilbert, S.J. (2007). "The gateway hypothesis of rostral prefrontal cortex (area 10) function".
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Falk, D; Hildebolt, C; Smith, K; Morwood, MJ; Sutikna, T; Brown, P; Jatmiko, Saptomo EW; Brunsden, B; Prior, F (2005).
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Jacobs, B; Schall, M; Prather, M; Kapler, E; Driscoll, L; Baca, S; Jacobs, J; Ford, K; Wainwright, M; Treml, M (2001).
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Ongür, D; Ferry, AT; Price, JL (2003). "Architectonic subdivision of the human orbital and medial prefrontal cortex".
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Ramnani, N; Owen, AM (2004). "Anterior prefrontal cortex: insights into function from anatomy and neuroimaging".
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Koechlin, E.; Hyafil, A. (2007). "Anterior prefrontal function and the limits of human-decision making".
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monkeys, the pole area is filled by BA 12 (and its BA 10 is found in the orbital prefrontal region).
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show an expansion in the frontal polar region suggesting enlargement in its
Brodmann's area 10.
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782:"Regional dendritic and spine variation in human cerebral cortex: a quantitative golgi study"
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315:. This situation has been suggested to enable integration of inputs from multiple areas.
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929:"Efferent association pathways from the rostral prefrontal cortex in the macaque monkey"
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defined frontal region of cerebral cortex. It occupies the most rostral portions of the
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and anterior most part of the superior temporal gyrus. There are no connections to the
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869:"What Does the Frontopolar Cortex Contribute to Goal-Directed Cognition and Action?"
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or, in an early version of
Brodmann's cortical map (Brodmann-1909), the prefrontal
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Semendeferi, K; Armstrong, E; Schleicher, A; Zilles, K; Van Hoesen, GW (2001).
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431:. However, other hypotheses have also been proffered, such as those by Burgess
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traits as they were observed in the brains of cadavers, but because modern
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10.1002/1096-8644(200103)114:3<224::AID-AJPA1022>3.0.CO;2-I
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647:"Prefrontal cortex in humans and apes: a comparative study of area 10"
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with a human-sized brain. By comparison, the volume of BA10 in
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435:. These also take into consideration the influence of the
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link it to the auditory and multisensory areas of the
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cannot precisely identify these boundaries, the terms
148:. BA10 was originally defined broadly in terms of its
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pyramidal medium to dark staining cells (in terms of
236:. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded dorsally by the
2804:Some categorizations are approximations, and some
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722:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1251:Is Brodmann Area 10 the Key to Human Evolution?
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867:Hogeveen, J; Medalla, M; Ainsworth, M (2022).
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705:. Archived from the original on 2013-12-10
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509:Cytoarchitectonics of the cerebral cortex
737:Wallis, JD (2010). "Polar exploration".
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408:taken from the inside of the skull of
311:arborization and are highly dense with
259:Area 10 lies underneath the air filled
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1246:BrainMaps Area 10 Of Prefrontal Cortex
736:
140:) is the anterior-most portion of the
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1259:
980:"The brain of LB1, Homo floresiensis"
814:
2496:Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)
282:
13:
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514:List of regions in the human brain
429:Baddeley's model of working memory
14:
2843:
1207:
1143:Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
927:Petrides, M; Pandya, DN (2007).
691: This article incorporates
686:
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263:of the skull, which has limited
172:parts of the prefrontal cortex.
105:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
36:
27:
2590:Posterior parahippocampal gyrus
2532:Collateral (temporal+occipital)
1234:Brede Database Brodmann area 10
1195:
1133:
1080:
1029:
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134:rostrolateral prefrontal cortex
2178:Secondary somatosensory cortex
1870:Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
946:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2419-07.2007
885:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1143-22.2022
773:
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343:medial longitudinal fasciculus
327:
1:
2793:Poles of cerebral hemispheres
2527:Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)
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220:BA10 is a subdivision of the
166:frontopolar prefrontal cortex
130:frontopolar prefrontal cortex
2166:Primary somatosensory cortex
1089:Trends in Cognitive Sciences
539:Trends in Cognitive Sciences
396:
341:. They also continue in the
7:
2258:Transverse occipital sulcus
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417:
318:
215:
10:
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2670:Isthmus of cingulate gyrus
2491:Central (frontal+parietal)
2226:Occipital pole of cerebrum
1165:10.1162/jocn.2006.18.6.932
1111:10.1016/j.tics.2007.05.004
551:10.1016/j.tics.2012.06.002
360:posterior cingulate cortex
350:. Connections through the
194:
158:anterior prefrontal cortex
138:anterior prefrontal cortex
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2327:Transverse temporal gyrus
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2190:Posterior parietal cortex
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162:rostral prefrontal cortex
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2448:Inferior temporal sulcus
2369:Superior temporal sulcus
2052:Inferior parietal lobule
2035:Superior parietal lobule
1975:Supplementary motor area
339:superior temporal sulcus
271:Relation to frontal pole
2453:Inferior temporal gyrus
2397:Occipitotemporal sulcus
2343:Superior temporal gyrus
2236:Lateral occipital gyrus
1987:Supplementary eye field
1728:Inferior frontal sulcus
1723:Superior frontal sulcus
1220:- "frontopolar area 10"
1058:10.1126/science.1142995
1007:10.1126/science.1109727
799:10.1093/cercor/11.6.558
244:, and ventrally by the
238:granular frontal area 9
199:
2714:Fimbria of hippocampus
1780:Superior frontal gyrus
1678:Inferior frontal gyrus
1632:Superior frontal gyrus
242:middle frontal area 46
226:superior frontal gyrus
2701:Hippocampal formation
2560:Parahippocampal gyrus
2374:Middle temporal gyrus
388:inferotemporal cortex
370:connects it with the
267:research until 2009.
2674:Retrosplenial cortex
2522:Longitudinal fissure
2414:Medial temporal lobe
2091:Intraparietal sulcus
1951:Primary motor cortex
1848:Orbitofrontal cortex
1797:Medial frontal gyrus
1654:Middle frontal gyrus
1230:- "Brodmann area 10"
695:available under the
364:retrosplenial cortex
354:link area 10 to the
352:cingulate fasciculus
230:middle frontal gyrus
2651:Posterior cingulate
2061:Supramarginal gyrus
1050:2007Sci...318..594K
999:2005Sci...308..242F
651:Am J Phys Anthropol
368:uncinate fasciculus
222:cytoarchitecturally
185:executive functions
2709:Hippocampal sulcus
2629:Anterior cingulate
2506:Preoccipital notch
2107:Paracentral lobule
2077:Parietal operculum
1999:Frontal eye fields
1931:Paracentral sulcus
1919:Paracentral lobule
1820:Paraolfactory area
1816:Paraterminal gyrus
1239:2011-07-19 at the
240:, caudally by the
154:functional imaging
61:area frontopolaris
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2583:Postrhinal cortex
2578:Perirhinal cortex
2573:Entorhinal cortex
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2501:Parieto-occipital
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2162:Postcentral gyrus
2014:
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1939:
1938:
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1751:Precentral sulcus
1714:Pars triangularis
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1044:(5850): 594–598.
879:(45): 8508–8513.
838:10.1002/cne.10609
519:Prefrontal cortex
425:central executive
411:Homo floresiensis
406:Cranial endocasts
265:electrophysiology
150:cytoarchitectonic
142:prefrontal cortex
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2740:Indusium griseum
2605:Cingulate cortex
2595:Prepyriform area
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2361:Planum temporale
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2298:Calcarine sulcus
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1896:Olfactory sulcus
1882:Subcallosal area
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1746:Precentral gyrus
1705:Pars opercularis
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939:(43): 11573–86.
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384:occipital cortex
313:dendritic spines
283:Cytoarchitecture
254:Brodmann area 11
234:cingulate sulcus
122:Brodmann area 10
111:edit on Wikidata
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2331:Auditory cortex
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2267:Medial/inferior
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2100:Medial/inferior
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1963:Premotor cortex
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1594:Anatomy of the
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993:(5719): 242–5.
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246:orbital area 47
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189:human evolution
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2399:
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2391:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2371:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2350:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2323:
2321:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2233:
2231:Occipital gyri
2228:
2222:
2220:
2213:
2211:Occipital lobe
2207:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2063:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2031:
2029:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1901:Orbital sulcus
1898:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1832:Straight gyrus
1829:
1828:
1827:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1776:
1774:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1707:
1693:
1691:Pars orbitalis
1684:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1628:
1626:
1617:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1568:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:Brodmann areas
1283:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1231:
1221:
1209:
1208:External links
1206:
1204:
1203:
1194:
1149:(6): 932–948.
1132:
1095:(7): 290–298.
1079:
1028:
970:
916:
859:
813:
772:
729:
678:
622:
572:
545:(7): 373–381.
528:
526:
523:
522:
521:
516:
511:
506:
499:
496:
495:
494:
491:
484:
482:
479:
472:
470:
467:
460:
458:
455:
448:
444:
441:
419:
416:
398:
395:
329:
326:
320:
317:
290:Nissl staining
284:
281:
272:
269:
217:
214:
201:
198:
196:
193:
117:
116:
107:
101:
100:
95:
89:
88:
83:
76:
75:
70:
64:
63:
58:
52:
51:
47:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2844:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2809:
2807:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2724:Rhinal sulcus
2722:
2720:
2719:Dentate gyrus
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:Superolateral
2482:
2479:
2477:
2471:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:Superolateral
2318:
2315:
2313:
2312:Temporal lobe
2309:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2291:Lingual gyrus
2289:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2274:Visual cortex
2272:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:Lunate sulcus
2251:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:Superolateral
2217:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2070:Angular gyrus
2067:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:Superolateral
2026:
2023:
2021:
2020:Parietal lobe
2017:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1616:Superolateral
1614:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1083:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
981:
974:
966:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
923:
921:
912:
908:
904:
900:
895:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
863:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
832:(3): 425–49.
831:
827:
826:J Comp Neurol
820:
818:
809:
805:
800:
795:
792:(6): 558–71.
791:
787:
783:
776:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
733:
725:
719:
704:
700:
698:
694:
689:
682:
674:
670:
665:
660:
657:(3): 224–41.
656:
652:
648:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
595:(3): 184–94.
594:
590:
583:
581:
579:
577:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
533:
529:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
504:Brodmann area
502:
501:
488:
483:
480:Lateral view.
476:
471:
464:
459:
452:
447:
446:
440:
438:
437:limbic system
434:
430:
426:
415:
413:
412:
407:
403:
394:
390:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
340:
336:
325:
316:
314:
310:
305:
301:
299:
295:
291:
280:
278:
268:
266:
262:
261:frontal sinus
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
213:
211:
207:
192:
190:
186:
182:
181:memory recall
179:processes in
178:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
112:
106:
102:
99:
96:
94:
90:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
71:
69:
65:
62:
59:
57:
53:
48:
43:
39:
34:
30:
25:
20:
2832:Frontal lobe
2803:
2567:
1874:
1852:
1844:Orbital gyri
1696:Broca's area
1663:
1608:Frontal lobe
1342:
1197:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1041:
1037:
1031:
990:
986:
973:
936:
932:
876:
872:
862:
829:
825:
789:
786:Cereb Cortex
785:
775:
742:
739:Nat Neurosci
738:
732:
707:. Retrieved
685:
681:
654:
650:
592:
588:
542:
538:
532:
492:Medial view.
432:
421:
409:
404:
400:
391:
376:proisocortex
331:
322:
306:
302:
286:
274:
258:
219:
203:
183:and various
174:
169:
165:
161:
157:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
120:
86:birnlex_1741
60:
2551:Limbic lobe
1600:human brain
703:"BrainInfo"
468:front view.
328:Connections
248:and by the
146:human brain
50:Identifiers
2821:Categories
2808:span gyri.
2474:Interlobar
2171:3, 1 and 2
1911:Precentral
1772:Prefrontal
1738:Precentral
1624:Prefrontal
1228:NeuroNames
1218:NeuroNames
933:J Neurosci
873:J Neurosci
745:(1): 7–8.
709:2013-12-03
525:References
456:Animation.
187:. During
68:NeuroNames
16:Brain area
2788:Operculum
2336:41 and 42
2134:Precuneus
1173:0898-929X
1151:CiteSeerX
1097:CiteSeerX
911:253421207
767:205428714
697:CC BY 3.0
397:Evolution
309:dendritic
177:strategic
2750:Amygdala
2568:anterior
1237:Archived
1224:ancil-58
1214:ancil-56
1181:16839301
1127:13509187
1119:17548231
1066:17962551
1023:43166136
1015:15749690
965:17959800
903:36351824
846:12692859
808:11375917
759:20033080
718:cite web
699:license.
673:11241188
609:14976518
559:22717468
498:See also
418:Function
372:amygdala
356:anterior
319:Subareas
228:and the
216:Location
206:hominoid
80:NeuroLex
2781:General
1598:of the
1189:7366161
1074:7903857
1046:Bibcode
1038:Science
995:Bibcode
987:Science
956:6673207
894:9665930
854:9798173
617:7353854
567:9968764
256:-1909.
210:bonobos
195:Anatomy
144:in the
45:Details
2286:Cuneus
1187:
1179:
1171:
1153:
1125:
1117:
1099:
1072:
1064:
1021:
1013:
963:
953:
909:
901:
891:
852:
844:
806:
765:
757:
671:
615:
607:
565:
557:
443:Images
433:et al.
366:. The
362:, and
348:insula
277:Guenon
2745:Uncus
2733:Other
2609:gyrus
1185:S2CID
1123:S2CID
1070:S2CID
1019:S2CID
983:(PDF)
907:S2CID
850:S2CID
763:S2CID
613:S2CID
563:S2CID
136:, or
109:[
98:68607
56:Latin
2155:Both
1944:Both
1177:PMID
1169:ISSN
1115:PMID
1062:PMID
1011:PMID
961:PMID
899:PMID
842:PMID
804:PMID
755:PMID
724:link
693:text
669:PMID
605:PMID
555:PMID
386:nor
296:and
200:Size
164:and
126:BA10
1226:at
1216:at
1161:doi
1107:doi
1054:doi
1042:318
1003:doi
991:308
951:PMC
941:doi
889:PMC
881:doi
834:doi
830:460
794:doi
747:doi
659:doi
655:114
597:doi
547:doi
427:in
298:DNA
294:RNA
170:all
93:FMA
2823::
2689:30
2684:29
2679:26
2672::
2661:31
2656:23
2644:33
2639:32
2634:24
2622:25
2458:20
2439:36
2434:35
2429:34
2424:28
2419:27
2407:37
2379:21
2353:22
2348:38
2279:17
2246:19
2241:18
2082:43
2066:39
2057:40
1887:25
1875:10
1863:12
1858:11
1853:10
1837:11
1825:12
1710:45
1701:44
1687:47
1682:11
1680::
1669:46
1664:10
1553:52
1548:51
1543:50
1538:49
1533:48
1528:47
1523:46
1518:45
1513:44
1508:43
1503:42
1498:41
1493:40
1488:39
1483:38
1478:37
1473:36
1468:35
1463:34
1458:33
1453:32
1448:31
1443:30
1438:29
1433:28
1428:27
1423:26
1418:25
1413:24
1408:23
1403:22
1398:21
1393:20
1388:19
1383:18
1378:17
1373:16
1368:15
1363:14
1358:13
1353:12
1348:11
1343:10
1183:.
1175:.
1167:.
1159:.
1147:18
1145:.
1121:.
1113:.
1105:.
1093:11
1091:.
1068:.
1060:.
1052:.
1040:.
1017:.
1009:.
1001:.
989:.
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