543:
699:
535:
63:
303:
47:
674:
132:
626:
70:
1782:
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east of
Mandishah and el-Zabu. El Heiz, also called El-Hayez, is the southernmost village, but it may not always be considered as part of Bahariya because it is so far from the rest of the villages, about fifty kilometers south of El Bawiti. There is an oasis at El-Hayez where mummies have been found on which genetic studies have been conducted.
664:
is called
Magaddil (braids) after the striped pattern of the embroidery. There was also a dress that was lightly embroidered, with a border of telli embroidery around the neck that was made separately and sewn onto the dress. In recent times these have largely been phased out by floral print dresses.
593:
In the spring of 2010, a Roman-era mummy was unearthed in a
Bahariya Oasis cemetery in el-Harrah. The female mummy was 3 feet tall and covered with plaster decorated to resemble Roman dress and jewellery. In addition to the female mummy, archaeologists found clay and glass vessels, coins, anthropoid
616:
was built to provide access to the oasis. In the early 1970s, an asphalt road connecting
Bahariya to Cairo was finished. With the new road came electricity, cars, television, phone lines, a more accessible route to Cairo, and, more recently, internet. The spread of people and ideas between Bahariya
525:
is the largest and the administrative center. Qasr is el-Bawiti's neighboring/twin village. To the east, about ten kilometers away are the villages of
Mandishah and el-Zabu. A smaller village called el-'Aguz lies between El Bawiti and Mandishah. Harrah, the easternmost village, is a few kilometers
681:
Agriculture is still an important source of income, though now the iron ore industry close to
Bahariya provides jobs for many Wahati people. Recently there has also been an increase in tourism to the oasis because of antiquities (tombs, mummies and other artifacts have been discovered there), and
644:
Traditional music is very important to the Waḥātī people. Flutes, drums, and the simsimeyya (a harp-like instrument) are played at social gatherings, particularly at weddings. Traditional songs sung in rural style are passed down from generation to generation, and new songs are invented as well.
566:
discovered a settlement of the Old
Kingdom. Rock inscriptions in el-Harrah and other records date to the Middle Kingdom and upwards. The tomb of Amenhotep called Huy was erected in Qarat Hilwah at the end of the 18th dynasty. In the 26th dynasty, the depression was culturally and economically
637:
people (meaning "of the oasis" in Arabic), are the descendants of the ancient people who inhabited the oasis, ancient tribes with connection to western Egypt and eastern Libya, and the north coast, and other people from the Nile Valley who came to settle in the oasis.
598:, the archaeologist who led the dig, said the tomb has a unique design with stairways and corridors, and could date to 300 BC. This find came as a result of excavation work for the construction of a youth center.
656:
Bahariya used to be a major center for Coptic
Christians. However, most of the Oasis converted to Islam centuries ago. Copts that live in Bahariya today are largely new transplants from the Nile Valley.
617:
and Cairo has increased dramatically since the road was constructed. Also, the language of the Waḥātī people has changed under the influence of the Cairo dialect, as heard on television and in music.
738:
690:
deserts, and sometimes to Siwa or the southern oases. Tourism is a new and important source of income for locals, and it has brought an international presence to the oasis.
601:
In 2019, archaeologists discovered 19 structures and a church carved into the bedrock from the fifth century CE. The church was decorated with religious inscriptions in
1200:
Kujanová, M; Pereira, L; Fernandes, V; Pereira, JB; Cerný, V (October 2009). "Near eastern neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the
Egyptian Western Desert".
641:
The majority of Waḥātī people in
Bahariya are Muslims. There are some mosques in Bahariya. The nature of social settings in the oasis is highly influenced by Islam.
217:. The roughly oval valley extends from northeast to southwest, has a length of 94 km, a maximum width of 42 km and covers an area of about 2000 km.
567:
flourishing. This can be learned from the chapels in 'Ain el-Muftilla, the tombs in Qārat Qasr Salim and Qarat esh-Sheikh Subi, and the site of Qasr 'Allam.
1494:
Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Ägyptens : II. Wirbeltierreste der Baharîje-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 13. Dinosauria
1545:
Salem, Belal S.; Lamanna, Matthew C.; O’Connor, Patrick M.; El-Qot, Gamal M.; Shaker, Fatma; Thabet, Wael A.; El-Sayed, Sanaa; Sallam, Hesham M. (2022).
563:
590:
began in 1999. Approximately thirty-four tombs have been excavated from this area. In Roman times, a big military fort was erected at Qarat el-Toub.
1547:"First definitive record of Abelisauridae (Theropoda:Ceratosauria) from the Cretaceous Bahariya Formation, Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt"
595:
574:
located in Qasr el-Miqisba ('Ain et-Tibniya). It is believed by some Egyptologists that Alexander passed through Bahariya while returning from the
1160:
94:
1856:
682:
because of the beautiful surrounding deserts. Wahati and foreign guides lead adventure desert tours based out of Bahariya to the surrounding
510:
562:
was found with remains of grindstones, arrowheads, scrapers, chisels, and ostrich eggshells. In Qārat el-Abyaḍ, a Czech team led by
605:. In 2021, archaeologists discovered a complex with the ruins of three churches and monks cells date back to the fifth century CE.
281:
1527:
1435:
737:
in 1934, however the type specimen was destroyed during World War II in 1944. In 2000, an American scientific team conducted by
343:
324:
279:
274:
271:
1817:
1708:
1462:
323:
276:
1387:
Qaret el-Toub : un fort romain et une nécropole pharaonique. Prospection archéologique dans l’oasis de Baḥariya 1999
1424:
62:
423:("the Northern Oasis") was almost exclusively used in the New Kingdom; it appears for instance on the local grave of
46:
1498:
Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung, Neue Folge
1866:
1602:
1803:
587:
707:
1701:
1333:, vol. II. Cairo: Government Press, 1950, pp. 41–47, 85, figs. 29 , 30, 71, plates XXIV–XXXV, XLIV.B.
570:
The Greco-Roman period was a time of prosperity. There is the ruin of a temple dedicated to Ammon by
542:
613:
558:, although archaeological evidence is not continuous. In El Heiz, a prehistoric settlement site of
547:
17:
1861:
1253:, Warminster: Aris & Phillips Ltd., 1987, pp. 15 sq., 40–44, 62–64, 66, 95, 146–149, 161–163.
661:
396:
1317:
1131:
781:
in Bahariya Oasis, which was around 20 feet (6.1 m) in length and initially found in 2016.
447:
206:
187:
1344:
Griechische und lateinische Inschriften zum Ptolemäerreich und zur römischen Provinz Aegyptus.
1798:
489:
144:
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1558:
747:
703:
687:
400:
367:
302:
198:
1455:
Oasenleben : die ägyptischen Oasen Bahriya und Farafra in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart
698:
8:
715:
571:
165:
1562:
1632:
1579:
1546:
1174:
1154:
726:
1457:, Bonn: Politischer Arbeitskreis Schulen (PAS), 2006, (Beiträge zur Kulturkunde; 23),
777:
In June 2022, paleontologists reported the discovery of a 98-million-year-old type of
1666:
Valley of the golden mummies : the greatest Egyptian discovery since Tutankhamen
1584:
1458:
1313:
1217:
1057:
653:, and other parts of the world are now easily accessible to the people of the oasis.
534:
1574:
1566:
1209:
221:
149:
403:, this name is rarely found, although it does appear for example in the Temple of
1409:
1251:
Egyptian Oases : Bahariya, Dakhla, Farafra and Kharga During Pharaonic Times
575:
559:
477:
462:
454:
225:
178:
1751:
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435:
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which became a sanctuary for species, such as white foxes, gazelles and rams.
1850:
1832:
1819:
1638:
1626:
1125:
983:
734:
721:
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masks and fourteen Greco-Roman tombs. Director of Cairo and Giza Antiquities
388:
109:
96:
1511:
A Giant sauropod dinosaur from an Upper Cretaceous mangrove deposit in Egypt
1127:
Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques
1761:
1756:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1588:
1221:
683:
416:
220:
The valley is surrounded by mountains and has numerous springs. Located in
1310:
Egyptian archaeology : the bulletin of the Egypt Exploration Society
778:
650:
609:
509:
meaning "the Northern Oasis”. The southern part of the depression around
458:
1570:
673:
1793:
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1766:
1213:
583:
579:
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Wall scenes from the tomb of Amenhotep (Huy) governor of Bahria Oasis
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555:
424:
241:
156:
771:
759:
229:
1686:
767:
1661:, Cairo: The American Univ. in Cairo Pr., 1974, reprinted 2003.
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Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale (BIFAO)
1268:
Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale (BIFAO)
1199:
763:
762:
Period. In addition, the landscape contains some hills made of
625:
522:
446:
called it the "Second Oasis", and the 5th century CE historian
443:
412:
408:
161:
725:(meaning "Bahariya lizard") dinosaurs have been found in the
646:
404:
245:
237:
233:
214:
210:
202:
137:
1781:
428:
427:, and is found again in the list of oasis in the Temple at
1544:
1436:
Forskere fra Norge har gjort oppsiktsvekkende funn i Egypt
1357:
Zweitausend Jahre alte Mumien in ägyptischer Oase entdeckt
1528:"Bahariya and Farafra: Egypt's bizarre, desert landscape"
1439:
232:
mining, and tourism. The main agricultural products are
1659:
The oases of Egypt. Vol. II: Bahrīyah and Farafra Oases
793:
Climate data for Bahariya Oasis (Baharia) (1971–2000)
758:
depressions used to have volcanic activity during the
1605:. Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations
1385:
Colin, Frédéric; Laisney, Damien; Marchand, Sylvie:
411:, who occupied the oasis during the war against the
192:
1306:
Qasr Allam : a Twenty-Sixth Dynasty settlement
1420:
1418:
1240:, report of the Al-Ahram Weekly of August 9, 2007.
395:is first mentioned on a scarab dating back to the
1654:, Cairo: Government Press, 1942–1950 (2 volumes).
1848:
1415:
419:it was almost the only name used. Another name
1264:Les inscriptions d’El-Harra, oasis de Bahareya
1702:
521:Bahariya consists of many villages, of which
729:, which date to about 95 million years ago.
554:The depression has been populated since the
500:
213:. It is approximately 370 km away from
1425:Ancient Christian ruins discovered in Egypt
1363:, Nr. 132, 1995, Friday, 09.06.1995, p. 11.
1709:
1695:
1159:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
484:), which is derived from Ancient Egyptian
51:View of Bahariya Oasis from Black Mountain
1578:
1202:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
733:was a huge theropod and was described by
629:Friday mosque, El-Bawiti, Bahariya Oasis.
1449:
1447:
1286:
1123:
697:
672:
624:
541:
533:
434:From 45 CE, the depression was known in
1486:
1323:
1262:Castel, Georges ; Tallet, Pierre:
14:
1849:
1517:, vol. 292,5522 (2001), pp. 1704–1706.
1283:, San Antonio, Texas: VanSiclen, 1981.
1270:, vol. 101 (2001), pp. 99–136, 612 sq.
662:traditional dress of women in Bahariya
513:apparently never had a separate name.
69:
1690:
1503:
1473:
1471:
1444:
1396:
1298:
1273:
1144:
620:
457:times, it was known as the "Oasis of
391:, the oasis had two names. The name '
1857:Populated places in Giza Governorate
1480:Costumes of Egypt: The Lost Legacies
1379:
1256:
1243:
1228:
770:crystals, and also golden limestone
754:The region between the Bahariya and
1635:(fossil bearing geologic formation)
1595:
501:
442:(Small Oasis). The Greek historian
182:
24:
1716:
1477:
1468:
1349:
25:
1878:
1672:
1279:Siclen III, Charles Cornell van:
1147:Hieratische Papyri aus Tebtunis I
582:. Excavations of the Greco-Roman
1780:
1374:The Valley of the Golden Mummies
633:The people of the oasis, or the
538:Map sheet showing Bahariya Oasis
301:
130:
68:
61:
45:
27:Place in Giza Governorate, Egypt
1538:
1520:
1429:
1393:, vol. 100 (2000), pp. 145–192.
1366:
1336:
586:found in 1995 and known as the
1361:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1346:Münster: Lit, 2015, pp. 18–22.
1193:
1167:
1138:
1117:
13:
1:
1644:
492:, it was called the Oasis of
450:called it "the Third Oasis".
197:, "the Northern Oases") is a
1320:, vol. 24 (2004), pp. 30–33.
588:Valley of the Golden Mummies
7:
1629:(meaning "Bahariya lizard")
1620:
1603:"CLIMWAT climatic database"
1500:, vol. 22 (1934), pp. 1–79.
912:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
842:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
546:Transport of troops on the
407:and in the account of King
193:
10:
1883:
1551:Royal Society Open Science
1103:
792:
784:
708:Egyptian Geological Museum
693:
668:
529:
496:, "Oasis of Oxyrhynchus".
481:
466:
335:
315:
292:
263:
1833:28.3514889°N 28.8623750°E
1789:
1778:
1722:
1149:. Copenhagen. p. 55.
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702:First caudal vertebra of
299:
155:
143:
125:
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56:
44:
32:
1124:Gauthier, Henri (1925).
1111:
614:Baharia Military Railway
548:Baharia Military Railway
516:
251:
110:28.3514889°N 28.862389°E
36:
1668:, London: Virgin, 2000.
1130:. Vol. 1. p.
1867:Western Desert (Egypt)
1838:28.3514889; 28.8623750
1509:Smith, Joshua et al.:
1145:Osing, Jürgen (1998).
711:
678:
630:
551:
539:
448:Olympiodorus of Thebes
1682:Baḥrīya on Wikivoyage
741:found the remains of
701:
676:
628:
545:
537:
490:Islamization of Egypt
201:and a naturally rich
115:28.3514889; 28.862389
1804:Ancient Egypt topics
1405:In the sands of time
748:Paralititan stromeri
704:Paralititan stromeri
507:al-Wāḥāt al-Baḥriyya
364:"The Northern Oasis"
1829: /
1571:10.1098/rsos.220106
1563:2022RSOS....920106S
1482:. pp. 275–301.
716:Carcharodontosaurus
572:Alexander the Great
499:The modern name is
194:El-Wāḥāt El-Baḥrīya
106: /
1633:Bahariya Formation
1412:of April 29, 2010.
1355:Associated Press:
1342:Pfeiffer, Stefan:
1237:The tale of a city
1214:10.1002/ajpa.21078
1179:Egyptian Monuments
727:Bahariya Formation
712:
679:
677:Cows in the Oasis.
631:
621:People and culture
552:
540:
1812:
1811:
1478:Mehrez, Shahira.
1463:978-3-921876-27-5
1304:Colin, Frédéric:
1108:
1107:
1058:relative humidity
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228:are agriculture,
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82:Location in Egypt
16:(Redirected from
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1664:Hawass, Zahi A.
1615:
1614:
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1534:. 29 March 2020.
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1438:(13 March 2021)
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1402:Nevine El-Aref:
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1376:, New York 2000.
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1249:Giddy, Lisa L.:
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560:hunter-gatherers
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1657:Fakhry, Ahmed.
1650:Fakhry, Ahmed.
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1410:Al-Ahram Weekly
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1181:. 14 March 2009
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1673:External links
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207:Western Desert
175:Bahariya Oasis
170:
169:
159:
153:
152:
147:
141:
140:
127:
123:
122:
88:
87:
81:
76:Bahariya Oasis
75:
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67:
66:
60:
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58:
57:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
34:Bahariya Oasis
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1879:
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1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1845:
1842:
1824:28°51′44.55″E
1821:28°21′05.36″N
1805:
1802:
1800:
1799:Egyptologists
1797:
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1639:Ernst Stromer
1637:
1634:
1631:
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1627:Bahariasaurus
1625:
1624:
1604:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1557:(6): 220106.
1556:
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1506:
1499:
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1492:Stromer, E.:
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1372:Zahi Hawass,
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1208:(2): 336–46.
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984:precipitation
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769:
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749:
744:
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736:
735:Ernst Stromer
732:
731:Bahariasaurus
728:
724:
723:
722:Bahariasaurus
718:
717:
709:
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691:
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497:
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479:
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467:ϯⲟⲩⲁϩ `ⲙⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ
464:
460:
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451:
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389:Ancient Egypt
381:
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128:
124:
119:
91:Coordinates:
89:
64:
55:
48:
43:
39:ϯⲟⲩⲁϩ `ⲙⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ
31:
19:
1814:
1726:
1665:
1658:
1652:Bahria Oasis
1651:
1607:. Retrieved
1597:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1531:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1479:
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1408:, report of
1403:
1398:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1343:
1338:
1331:Baḥria Oasis
1330:
1325:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1293:
1288:
1280:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1250:
1245:
1235:
1230:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1178:
1169:
1146:
1140:
1126:
1119:
1104:Source: FAO
986:mm (inches)
776:
753:
746:
739:Joshua Smith
730:
720:
714:
713:
680:
659:
655:
643:
640:
634:
632:
607:
600:
592:
569:
553:
520:
506:
498:
493:
488:. After the
485:
473:
469:
452:
439:
433:
420:
417:25th Dynasty
392:
386:
360:
219:
174:
173:
101:28°51′44.6″E
98:28°21′5.36″N
1836: /
1679:(in German)
779:abelisaurid
651:Middle East
645:Music from
610:World War I
459:Oxyrhynchus
440:Oasis parva
415:. From the
401:New Kingdom
368:hieroglyphs
224:, the main
145:Governorate
113: /
1851:Categories
1794:Egyptology
1645:References
745:dinosaur,
584:necropolis
580:Siwa Oasis
199:depression
1318:0962-2837
1175:"El-Hayz"
1155:cite book
556:neolithic
523:El Bawiti
425:Amenhotep
421:wḥꜣt mḥtt
399:. In the
188:romanized
157:Time zone
1727:Bahariya
1621:See also
1589:35706658
1294:op. cit.
1292:Fakhry,
1222:19425100
1056:Average
982:Average
772:boulders
760:Jurassic
743:sauropod
361:wḥꜣt mḥt
230:iron ore
18:Bahariya
1752:Farafra
1609:23 June
1580:9174736
1559:Bibcode
1515:Science
1051:(0.16)
1006:(0.04)
1001:(0.04)
996:(0.04)
991:(0.04)
977:(57.3)
972:(43.9)
967:(51.1)
962:(61.2)
957:(66.9)
952:(70.5)
947:(70.3)
942:(68.5)
937:(63.5)
932:(56.8)
927:(49.3)
922:(43.9)
917:(41.4)
907:(85.0)
902:(69.3)
897:(77.9)
892:(86.5)
887:(93.9)
882:(98.2)
877:(98.8)
872:(98.4)
867:(94.1)
862:(87.3)
857:(76.6)
852:(71.2)
847:(67.6)
785:Climate
768:calcite
756:Farafra
706:in the
694:Fossils
669:Economy
608:During
530:History
511:El Heiz
494:Bahnasa
482:ⲧⲁⲥⲧ(ⲥ)
474:Tast(s)
205:in the
190::
126:Country
1762:Moghra
1757:Kharga
1747:Faiyum
1742:Dunqul
1737:Dakhla
1587:
1577:
1513:, in:
1496:, in:
1461:
1389:, in:
1359:, in:
1316:
1308:, in:
1266:, in:
1220:
1185:6 June
798:Month
764:barite
635:Waḥātī
612:, the
550:, 1916
478:Coptic
463:Coptic
455:Coptic
444:Strabo
413:Hyksos
409:Kamose
246:olives
244:, and
238:mangos
234:guavas
179:Arabic
135:
1732:Baris
1112:Notes
837:Year
688:Black
684:White
647:Cairo
603:Greek
517:Towns
472:) or
436:Latin
405:Luxor
393:ḏsḏs'
252:Names
242:dates
215:Cairo
211:Egypt
203:oasis
162:UTC+2
138:Egypt
1772:Siwa
1767:Qara
1611:2024
1585:PMID
1459:ISBN
1314:ISSN
1218:PMID
1187:2017
1161:link
1060:(%)
1046:(0)
1041:(0)
1036:(0)
1031:(0)
1026:(0)
1021:(0)
1016:(0)
1011:(0)
975:14.0
965:10.6
960:16.2
955:19.4
950:21.4
945:21.3
940:20.3
935:17.5
930:13.8
905:29.4
900:20.7
895:25.5
890:30.3
885:34.4
880:36.8
875:37.1
870:36.9
865:34.5
860:30.7
855:24.8
850:21.8
845:19.8
834:Dec
831:Nov
828:Oct
825:Sep
822:Aug
819:Jul
816:Jun
813:May
810:Apr
807:Mar
804:Feb
801:Jan
719:and
686:and
660:The
486:ḏsḏs
429:Edfu
1575:PMC
1567:doi
1532:BBC
1440:NRK
1210:doi
1206:140
1132:203
1099:41
1096:55
1093:51
1090:46
1087:43
1084:38
1081:36
1078:31
1075:29
1072:31
1069:39
1066:44
1063:52
1004:1.0
999:1.0
994:1.0
989:1.0
970:6.6
925:9.6
920:6.6
915:5.2
766:or
578:at
461:" (
453:In
438:as
387:In
366:in
209:of
166:EST
1853::
1583:.
1573:.
1565:.
1553:.
1549:.
1530:.
1470:^
1446:^
1417:^
1312:,
1216:.
1204:.
1177:.
1157:}}
1153:{{
751:.
505:,
480::
465::
431:.
248:.
240:,
236:,
185:,
181::
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1703:t
1696:v
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1569::
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1465:.
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1212::
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1163:)
1134:.
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1024:0
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1014:0
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476:(
177:(
168:)
164:(
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