254:, the administration of Palermo and the wholesale markets in the city, as well as the links between the Mafia and banditry in the post-war period. In its March 1972 report, the Antimafia Commission said in its introduction: "Generally speaking magistrates, trade unionists, prefects, journalists, and the police authorities expressed an affirmative judgement on the existence of more or less intimate links between Mafia and the public authorities ... some trade unionists reached the point of saying that 'the mafioso is a man of politics'." The commission's main conclusion was that the Mafia was strong because it had penetrated the structure of the state.
399:
presenting candidates, a measure intended to mirror the legislative provisions for public-office holders in 1990; no one should stand for election who had been committed for trial, was a fugitive from the law, was serving a criminal sentence, was subject to preventive measures or was convicted, even though not definitively, for crimes of corruption, Mafia association, and a range of others.
311:
In its conclusions, the commission made many recommendations and offered much advice to those bodies that were going to take the job on. It criticized some authorities and condemned others. The government did nothing, and when the results were published, every effort was made to confuse their message
209:
to reside in areas outside Sicily, opened up new opportunities to develop illicit activities in the cities of northern and central Italy. Amending this law during the next four decades was the main aim in the legislative fight against mafia. It was amended by La Torre-Rognoni law in 1982, and by some
230:
In 1966, Pafundi declared: "These rooms here are like an ammunition store. In order to give us the chance to the very root of the truth we don't want them to explode too soon. We have here a load of dynamite." The store never exploded, and
Pafundi summed up the efforts of the Antimafia Commission in
296:
Terranova urged his colleagues of the majority to take responsibility. According to the minority report, "it would be a grave error on the part of the
Commission to accept the theory that the Mafia-political link has been eliminated. Even today the behaviour of the ruling DC group in the running of
201:
had been used in legislation. The law extended 1956 legislation concerning individuals considered to be "socially dangerous" to those "suspected of belonging to associations of the Mafia type". The measures included special surveillance; the possibility of ordering a suspect to reside in a designed
398:
The third
Antimafia Commission made public the 2,750 files on links between the Mafia and politicians, that had been kept secret by the first commission. In February 1992, ahead to the general elections of 5 April 1992, the commission urged political parties to apply a code of self-regulation when
238:
wrote that the
Antimafia Commission had become an instrument of the PCI. Despite the smears to his reputation, Cattanei was supported by the majority of the commission and supportive public opinion caused him to resist the pressure to resign. In July 1971, the commission published an intermediary
188:
The PCI claimed the DC party put members on the commission to stop the inquiry moving too far in the political field, such as the commission's vice-president
Antonio Gullotti] and Giovanni Matta, a former member of Palermo's city council. Matta's arrival in 1972 created a scandal, as he had been
85:
in all its forms and to measure the adequacy of existing anti-crime measures, legislative and administrative, according to their results. The commission has judicial powers in that it may instruct the judicial police to carry out investigations. It can ask for copies of court proceedings, and is
382:. This commission marked a change in operations, as the focus shifted from analyses and knowledge about the Mafia to proposals at the legislative and administrative level. The commission studied the connections between the four Mafia-type organizations and the links between the Mafia and secret
467:. Despite the politically sensitive nature of the commission’s work, Violante's greatest achievement was that the most important reports were backed by all major parties, instead as in the past, of producing politicised majority (government) and minority (opposition) reports on the same theme.
189:
mentioned in a report and was summoned to testify in the previous legislature about the role of the Mafia in real estate speculation. The PCI called for his resignation. In the end, the whole commission under the presidency of Luigi
Carraro had to resign, and be recomposed without Matta again.
492:
had been Lima's political contact in Rome. On 16 November 1992, Buscetta testified before the
Antimafia Commission. He said: "Salvo Lima was, in fact, the politician to whom Cosa Nostra turned most often to resolve problems for the organization whose solution lay in Rome." Other collaborating
184:
changed the Mafia war into a war against the Mafia. It prompted the first concerted anti-mafia efforts by the state in post-war Italy. On 6 July 1963, the
Antimafia Commission met for the first time. It took thirteen years and two more legislatures before a final report was submitted in 1976.
86:
entitled to request any form of collaboration that it deems necessary. Those who provide testimony to the
Antimafia Commission are obliged by law to tell the truth. The commission can also submit reports to the Italian Parliament as often as desired but does so at least on an annual basis.
267:
446:(PDS) was appointed president of the commission. Under Violante's leadership, the commission worked for 17 months until the parliamentary dissolution in February 1994. It passed thirteen reports, the most important of which was on the relations between the Mafia and politics, the
94:
The first proposal to constitute a commission of inquiry into the Mafia was the result of post-war struggles for land reform and the violent reaction against peasant organizations and its leaders, culminating in the killing of 11 people and the wounding of over thirty at a
202:
place outside his home area and the suspension of publicly issued licenses, grants or authorizations. The law gave powers to a public prosecutor or questor (chief of police) to identify and trace the assets of anyone suspected of involvement in a Mafia-type association.
257:
The
Antimafia Commission was dissolved when new elections made an end to the legislature. In the next legislature, Cattanei was replaced with Luigi Carraro, a fellow DC member who was more sensitive to the fears of the DC, that had been under attack of the commission.
402:
A week before the election, the commission reported that on the basis of information received from two-thirds of the prefectures in the country, thirty-three candidates standing in the elections were "non-presentable", according to the code of self-regulation.
231:
three discreet pages in March 1968. All the documents were locked away. Pafundi’s successor who took over the commission in 1968 was a different man, Francesco Cattanei, a member of the DC from the Northern Italy who was determined to investigate thoroughly.
386:
lodges. It lobbied for the introduction of new legislation, such as the reform of the Rognoni–La Torre Law, whereby asset seizure and confiscation provisions were applicable to other forms of criminal association, including drug trafficking,
312:
and diminish their value, and was drowned in a sea of slander. The reports and the documentation of the Antimafia Commission were essentially disregarded. Terranova talked of "thirteen wasted years" of the Antimafia Commission.
145:, the Sicilian Assembly asked for an official inquiry. On 11 April 1962, the Senate in Rome approved the bill. It took eight months before the Chamber of Deputies put the law to a vote. It was approved on 20 December 1962.
669:
L'istituzione della prima Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sulla mafia in: L'art. 41-bis l. 354/75 come strumento di lotta contro la mafia, by Elisa Fontanelli, bachelor's degree dissertation, Florence university,
369:
against the Mafia took place in Palermo. The commission also analyzed new developments in the Mafia after their entry in drug trafficking. In July 1987, the commission was dissolved at the end of the legislature.
165:(PSDI). It took a long time to form, because newspapers and parliamentarians alike were opposed to the inclusion of Sicilians. It lasted less than three months, before the general elections of 28 April 1963.
742:"The Supreme Court now recognizes a bilateral relationship between the parties of the illicit exchange, but states that it is not always between material benefits, but also between the promised benefits":
197:
In September 1963, the Antimafia Commission presented a draft law. In May 1965, it was passed by the Italian Parliament as Law 575, entitled Dispositions against the Mafia, the first time the word
412:
493:
witnesses confirmed that Lima had been specifically ordered to fix the appeal of the Maxi Trial with Italy's Supreme Court of Cassation, and had been murdered because he failed to do so.
223:
888:
504:
on the mainland. On 10 June 1993, the Senate authorized to proceed with the criminal investigation of Andreotti. On 2 March 1995, he was formally committed to trial in Palermo.
488:
gave testimonies. It found that Lima, the former DC member and mayor of Palermo who was murdered in March 1992, had been linked to the Mafia, and that former prime minister
332:
904:
281:
entered the Antimafia Commission. He had previously been the chief investigative prosecutor in Palermo, who had prepared several Mafia Trials in the 1960s, such as the
453:
The Antimafia Commission had to work in one of Italy’s most critical moments, when Italy's democracy was challenged by criminal subversion by the Mafia and the
323:), a period characterized by widespread social conflicts and terrorist acts attributed to far-left and far-right political movements and the secret services.
205:
The efficacy of the new law was severely limited. Firstly, because there was no legal definition of a Mafia association. Secondly, because the obligation for
293:, wrote the minority report of the Antimafia Commission, which pointed to links between the Mafia and prominent politicians, in particular of the DC party.
1559:
600:
172:, an outlying suburb of Palermo, killing seven police and military officers sent to defuse it, after an anonymous phone call. The bomb was intended for
304:
was described as one of the pillars of Mafia power in Palermo. It had no formal consequences for Lima. In 1993, the fourth Antimafia Commission led by
315:
The final report was issued at a time when the question of the Mafia was pushed to the background by the political turmoil in the 1970s, known as the
168:
The second president in the new legislature was the DC member Donato Pafundi, and was formed on 5 June 1963. On 30 June 1963, a car bomb exploded in
706:
308:
concluded that there were strong indications of relations between Lima and members of the Mafia. By then, Lima had been killed by the Mafia.
361:
The Antimafia Commission had no power to investigate. It analyzed anti-mafia legislation, in particular the new Antimafia Law, known as the
825:
811:
1780:
1770:
972:
62:". Subsequent commissions expanded their scope to investigate all "organized crime of the Mafia type", which included other major
1686:
1426:
1775:
745:
1785:
1410:
901:
58:. The first commission, formed in 1963, was established as a body of inquiry tasked with investigating the "phenomenon of the
885:
297:
the City and the Provincional Councils offers the most favourable terrain for the perpetuation of the system of Mafia power."
1585:
936:
Relazione conclusiva dalla Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sul fenomeno della criminalitĂ organizzata mafiosa o similare
927:
Relazione conclusiva dalla Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sul fenomeno della criminalità organizzata mafiosa o similare
173:
211:
162:
944:
141:, both later accused of links with the Mafia, dismissed the proposal as "useless". In March 1962, amidst gang wars in
1565:
865:
850:
1467:
935:
926:
104:
1063:
546:
63:
354:
on 3 September 1982. The first president was the DC senator Nicola La Penta. He was succeeded by the PCI deputy
1405:
870:
646:
129:
again proposed to form a commission. The proposal was not taken up by the parliamentary majority. In 1961, the
55:
289:
under the auspices of the PCI. He became the secretary of the commission. Terranova, together with PCI deputy
527:
1639:
1106:
965:
550:
443:
110:
On 14 September 1948, a parliamentary commission of inquiry into the public security situation on Sicily (
1601:
1159:
1144:
1076:
130:
1527:
1001:
365:, and the performance of the state and judicial authorities. While the commission was in function, the
351:
1485:
995:
177:
17:
1739:
886:
Commissione parlamentare di inchiesta sul fenomeno della criminalitĂ organizzata mafiosa o similare
703:
570:
362:
338:, a member of the first Antimafia Commission, who was killed during the establishment of the second
286:
153:
In February 1963, the first parliamentary Commission of Inquiry on the Mafia phenomenon in Sicily (
118:(PCI) in a debate on the violence in Sicily. The proposal was turned down by the interior minister
1521:
958:
917:
537:
500:
warned the Antimafia Commission of the likelihood that further attacks were being planned by the
431:
115:
99:
parade in Portella della Ginestra. The attack was attributed to the bandit and separatist leader
1612:
1231:
464:
1533:
1497:
1330:
1114:
560:
316:
1734:
1649:
1644:
1629:
1479:
1272:
1244:
1221:
1216:
1139:
378:
In 1987, the third Antimafia Commission was installed under the presidency of PCI senator
8:
1491:
1119:
523:
379:
342:
On 13 September 1982, the second Antimafia Commission was installed, in the midst of the
134:
51:
1765:
1744:
1706:
1691:
1509:
1206:
1168:
577:
100:
75:
47:
753:
1503:
1325:
1201:
1134:
1129:
861:
846:
587:
477:
463:(Italian for "Bribeville"), the corruption-based political system that dominated the
181:
234:
Cattanei came under attack by his fellow DC members. The party’s official newspaper
1570:
1550:
1473:
1448:
1385:
1358:
1340:
1292:
1181:
1124:
489:
481:
439:
435:
427:
415:
346:, after the killing of former deputy and member of the first Antimafia Commission,
343:
305:
282:
278:
270:
244:
35:
285:, that had ended disappointingly, with little convictions. He was elected for the
1696:
1442:
1186:
1149:
908:
892:
710:
583:
556:
158:
126:
82:
300:
In the final report of the first Antimafia Commission, the former Palermo mayor
1701:
1669:
1515:
1025:
981:
920:
final report of the Italian parliamentary Antimafia Commission, 6 December 2000
605:
533:
497:
485:
423:
251:
250:
The Antimafia Commission investigated the activities and failed prosecution of
138:
71:
59:
411:
1759:
1716:
1634:
1348:
1211:
1091:
1006:
713:, by Umberto Santino, Centro Siciliano di Documentazione "Giuseppe Impastato"
355:
1674:
1011:
517:
347:
335:
290:
119:
1191:
112:
Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sulla situazione dell'ordine pubblico
1721:
1659:
1282:
1037:
746:"Voto di scambio e concorso esterno: la suprema Corte "rilancia" i reati"
455:
422:
On 8 June 1992, the fourth Antimafia Commission was installed, after the
155:
Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sul fenomeno della mafia in Sicilia
122:, amidst indignant voices about prejudice against Sicily and Sicilians.
1654:
1606:
1575:
1300:
1277:
1046:
1042:
1021:
566:
501:
366:
301:
222:
96:
1681:
1379:
1254:
1196:
1176:
1031:
388:
43:
1081:
226:
Francesco Cattanei, the second president of the Antimafia Commission
1315:
1305:
1071:
858:
Mafioso. A history of the Mafia from its origins to the present day
266:
169:
1664:
1580:
1353:
1264:
1096:
1052:
950:
472:
383:
142:
67:
1711:
1363:
1320:
1310:
331:
103:. Nevertheless, the Mafia was suspected of involvement in the
81:
The Antimafia Commission's goal is to study the phenomenon of
1249:
1015:
512:
After Violante, presidents of the Antimafia Commission were:
392:
812:
Audizione del collaboratore della giustizia Tommaso Buscetta
1239:
1086:
350:, on 30 April 1982, and the prefect of Palermo, general
826:
Audizione del collaboratore di giustizia Gaspare Mutolo
133:
party (DC) in the Senate and Sicilian politicians like
938:(Relatore: senatore Centaro), Part 2, 18 January 2006
929:(Relatore: senatore Centaro), Part 1, 18 January 2006
843:
The Antimafia: Italy's fight against organized crime
601:
List of members of the Italian Antimafia Commission
507:
247:, and summarized the characteristics of the Mafia.
1757:
902:Verbali della Commissione Parlamentare Antimafia
406:
326:
273:, a judge and member of the Antimafia Commission
107:and many other previous and subsequent attacks.
373:
180:and the boss of the Ciaculli Mafia family. The
148:
114:) was proposed by deputy Giuseppe Berti of the
1692:Sicilian brigandage and rebels (20th century)
966:
450:(third level) of the Mafia, on 6 April 1993.
418:, a member of the fourth Antimafia Commission
161:, under the presidency of Paolo Rossi of the
911:XI legislatura, presidenza: Luciano Violante
947:(Relatore: Giuseppe Lumia), 18 January 2006
791:
789:
973:
959:
775:
773:
771:
725:
723:
721:
719:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
662:
660:
658:
656:
654:
895:Official site of the Antimafia Commission
828:, Antimafia Commission, February 9, 1993
786:
639:
637:
635:
410:
330:
265:
261:
221:
1427:Grand Hotel et des Palmes Mafia meeting
768:
743:
716:
673:
651:
14:
1758:
1411:List of Sicilian Mafia members by city
697:
1586:List of victims of the Sicilian Mafia
954:
871:La Commissione parlamentare antimafia
750:Diritto&Giustizia Edizione Online
647:La Commissione parlamentare antimafia
632:
430:on 23 May. It was modified after the
239:report with biographies of prominent
89:
24:
980:
438:on 19 July. On 23 September 1992,
434:caused the death of his colleague
217:
192:
163:Italian Democratic Socialist Party
157:) was formed, in the midst of the
40:Commissione parlamentare antimafia
25:
1797:
1781:History of the Sacra Corona Unita
1687:Italian brigandage (19th century)
1566:Direzione Investigativa Antimafia
945:Relazione conclusiva di minoranza
876:
210:cornerstone judgement of Italy's
1468:Portella della Ginestra massacre
508:Other commissions (1994–present)
426:resulted in the murder of judge
105:Portella della Ginestra massacre
27:Italian parliamentary commission
1771:History of the Camorra in Italy
860:, London: Secker & Warburg
835:
816:
802:
543:Roberto Centaro (FI, 2001–2006)
459:investigation, that unravelled
64:criminal organizations in Italy
50:, composed of members from the
1498:Via Federico Pipitone massacre
1406:List of Sicilian Mafia members
845:, London: Palgrave Macmillan,
736:
619:
174:Salvatore "Ciaschiteddu" Greco
13:
1:
1786:History of the Sicilian Mafia
704:I pregiudicati nell'Antimafia
612:
407:Fourth commission (1992–1994)
327:Second commission (1982–1987)
1640:Article 41-bis prison regime
1556:Italian Antimafia Commission
1551:Sangiorgi report (1898-1900)
444:Democratic Party of the Left
374:Third commission (1987–1992)
149:First commission (1963–1982)
7:
1602:1960s Sicilian Mafia trials
744:Buonomo, Giampiero (2000).
594:
10:
1802:
1776:History of the 'Ndrangheta
1528:Via dei Georgofili bombing
1002:Interprovincial Commission
352:Carlo Alberto Dalla Chiesa
212:Supreme Court of Cassation
1730:
1622:
1594:
1543:
1486:Circonvallazione massacre
1458:
1435:
1419:
1398:
1372:
1339:
1291:
1263:
1230:
1167:
1158:
1105:
1062:
988:
841:Jamieson, Alison (1999).
178:Sicilian Mafia Commission
1740:Organized crime in Italy
856:Servadio, Gaia (1976),
116:Italian Communist Party
1613:Pizza Connection Trial
1232:Caltanissetta Province
465:First Italian Republic
419:
339:
274:
227:
56:Senate of the Republic
39:
1534:Via Palestro massacre
1331:San Mauro Castelverde
608:, team of magistrates
414:
334:
269:
262:Disappointing results
225:
1735:American Cosa Nostra
1650:Banda della Magliana
1645:Banda della Comasina
1630:American Cosa Nostra
1522:Via D'Amelio bombing
1480:Viale Lazio massacre
1245:Vallelunga Pratameno
1222:Campobello di Licata
1217:Palma di Montechiaro
432:via D'Amelio Bombing
363:Rognoni–La Torre Law
32:Antimafia Commission
1492:Via Carini massacre
524:Ottaviano Del Turco
380:Gerardo Chiaromonte
135:Bernardo Mattarella
131:Christian Democracy
52:Chamber of Deputies
1745:Mafia bibliography
1707:Sacra Corona Unita
1510:Pizzolungo bombing
1207:Sambuca di Sicilia
1169:Agrigento Province
907:2007-06-19 at the
891:2007-08-24 at the
709:2007-08-22 at the
547:Francesco Forgione
496:In February 1993,
420:
340:
275:
228:
101:Salvatore Giuliano
76:Sacra Corona Unita
48:Italian Parliament
46:commission of the
1753:
1752:
1504:Train 904 bombing
1394:
1393:
1326:Belmonte Mezzagno
516:Tiziana Parenti (
478:Antonio Calderone
182:Ciaculli massacre
125:In 1958, senator
16:(Redirected from
1793:
1571:State-Mafia Pact
1474:Ciaculli bombing
1449:Second Mafia War
1359:Mazara del Vallo
1341:Trapani Province
1293:Palermo Province
1182:Santa Elisabetta
1165:
1164:
1145:Cuntrera-Caruana
989:Chain of command
975:
968:
961:
952:
951:
943:
934:
925:
916:
900:
884:
829:
824:
820:
814:
810:
806:
800:
793:
784:
777:
766:
765:
763:
761:
756:on 1 August 2012
752:. Archived from
740:
734:
727:
714:
701:
695:
688:
671:
668:
664:
649:
645:
641:
630:
623:
490:Giulio Andreotti
482:Leonardo Messina
440:Luciano Violante
436:Paolo Borsellino
428:Giovanni Falcone
416:Luciano Violante
395:, among others.
344:Second Mafia War
306:Luciano Violante
287:Independent Left
283:Trial of the 114
279:Cesare Terranova
271:Cesare Terranova
245:Tommaso Buscetta
90:Preceding events
21:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1726:
1697:Mala del Brenta
1618:
1590:
1539:
1460:
1454:
1443:First Mafia War
1431:
1415:
1390:
1368:
1335:
1287:
1259:
1226:
1187:Porto Empedocle
1154:
1101:
1064:Codes and terms
1058:
984:
979:
941:
932:
923:
914:
909:Wayback Machine
898:
893:Wayback Machine
882:
879:
838:
833:
832:
822:
821:
817:
808:
807:
803:
794:
787:
778:
769:
759:
757:
741:
737:
728:
717:
711:Wayback Machine
702:
698:
689:
674:
666:
665:
652:
643:
642:
633:
624:
620:
615:
597:
584:Chiara Colosimo
557:Giuseppe Pisanu
510:
476:like Buscetta,
409:
376:
329:
264:
220:
218:Interim reports
195:
193:New legislation
159:First Mafia War
151:
127:Ferruccio Parri
92:
83:organized crime
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1799:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1670:Corsican mafia
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1516:Capaci bombing
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1228:
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982:Sicilian Mafia
978:
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792:
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731:The Antimafia
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627:The Antimafia
622:
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590:, since 2023)
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1675:Unione Corse
1555:
1461:and bombings
942:(in Italian)
933:(in Italian)
924:(in Italian)
915:(in Italian)
899:(in Italian)
883:(in Italian)
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836:Bibliography
823:(in Italian)
818:
809:(in Italian)
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796:
780:
758:. Retrieved
754:the original
749:
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699:
694:, p. 197-220
691:
667:(in Italian)
644:(in Italian)
626:
621:
580:, 2018–2022)
573:, 2013–2018)
563:, 2008–2013)
553:, 2006–2008)
540:, 1999–2001)
530:, 1996–1999)
520:, 1994–1996)
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154:
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124:
120:Mario Scelba
111:
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93:
80:
31:
29:
1722:Vendicatori
1702:'Ndrangheta
1660:Beati Paoli
1615:(1985–1986)
1609:(1986–1992)
1451:(1981–1984)
1445:(1962–1963)
1283:Pagliarelli
1273:Porta Nuova
1038:Consigliere
1034:(Sottocapo)
456:Mani pulite
72:'Ndrangheta
1760:Categories
1655:Basilischi
1607:Maxi Trial
1576:Addiopizzo
1301:Camporeale
1278:Brancaccio
1160:Mandamenti
1115:Corleonesi
1077:Mandamento
1047:Caporegime
1043:Capodecina
996:Commission
799:, p. 52-60
795:Jamieson,
783:, p. 37-38
779:Jamieson,
733:, p. 16-23
729:Jamieson,
690:Servadio,
625:Jamieson,
613:References
567:Rosy Bindi
502:Corleonesi
470:Important
367:Maxi Trial
302:Salvo Lima
243:, such as
97:Labour Day
74:, and the
1766:Antimafia
1544:Antimafia
1459:Massacres
1380:Mistretta
1255:Mussomeli
1197:Cianciana
1192:Canicattì
1177:Agrigento
1140:Inzerillo
1055:(Soldier)
1032:Underboss
442:from the
389:extortion
277:In 1972,
236:Il Popolo
44:bicameral
18:Antimafia
1420:Meetings
1386:Siracusa
1316:Bagheria
1306:Corleone
1150:Graviano
1120:Galatolo
1072:Made man
998:(Cupola)
905:Archived
889:Archived
760:14 March
707:Archived
595:See also
170:Ciaculli
54:and the
1682:Garduña
1665:Camorra
1623:Related
1581:Pentito
1560:members
1399:Members
1354:Trapani
1265:Palermo
1097:Pizzino
1053:Soldato
692:Mafioso
629:, p. 52
473:pentiti
384:Masonic
241:mafiosi
207:mafiosi
143:Palermo
68:Camorra
42:) is a
36:Italian
1712:Stidda
1595:Trials
1536:(1993)
1530:(1993)
1524:(1992)
1518:(1992)
1512:(1985)
1506:(1984)
1500:(1983)
1494:(1982)
1488:(1982)
1482:(1969)
1476:(1963)
1470:(1947)
1364:Alcamo
1321:Trabia
1311:Cinisi
1202:Ribera
1135:Motisi
1130:Minore
1082:OmertĂ
1012:Family
864:
849:
484:, and
391:, and
70:, the
1373:Other
1250:Riesi
1125:Greco
1107:Clans
1092:Pizzo
1087:Faida
1016:Cosca
393:usury
199:Mafia
60:Mafia
1436:Wars
1384:Sud
1240:Gela
1022:Boss
862:ISBN
847:ISBN
762:2016
670:2005
137:and
30:The
588:FdI
578:M5S
561:PdL
551:PRC
528:SDI
1762::
788:^
770:^
748:.
718:^
675:^
653:^
634:^
571:PD
538:SD
518:FI
480:,
358:.
214:.
78:.
38::
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