List of Assyrian kings

4454: 313: 77: 622: 458: 3251: 1455: 1313: 704:, the Assyrian king was not believed to be divine himself, but was seen as divinely chosen and uniquely qualified for the royal duties. Most kings stressed their legitimacy through their familial connections to previous kings; a king was legitimate through his relation to the previous line of great kings who had been chosen by Ashur. Usurpers who were unrelated to previous kings usually either simply lied about being the son of some previous monarch or claimed that they had been divinely appointed directly by Ashur. 2959: 1384: 1566: 3978: 3706: 3839: 3753: 3792: 223:, and as his chief representative on Earth. In their worldview, Assyria represented a place of order while lands not governed by the Assyrian king (and by extension, the god Ashur) were seen as places of chaos and disorder. As such it was seen as the king's duty to expand the borders of Assyria and bring order and civilization to lands perceived as uncivilized. As Assyria expanded, its rulers gradually adopted grander and more boastful titles. Early kings used 4497:

palace, being constructed. The ancient temple dedicated to the god Ashur was also restored for the second time in the second century AD, and a cultic calendar effectively identical to that used under the Neo-Assyrian Empire was used. Stelae erected by the local rulers of Assur in this time resemble the stelae erected by the Neo-Assyrian kings, though the rulers are depicted in Parthian-style trouser-suits rather than ancient garb. The rulers used the title

4017: 4227: 57: 4141: 9821: 4188: 4094: 4306: 648:. The Assyrians believed that the king was the link between the gods and the earthly realm. As such, it was the king's primary duty to discover the will of the gods and enact this, often through the construction of temples or waging war. To aid the king with this duty, there was a number of priests at the royal court trained in reading and interpreting signs from the gods. 652:

strange languages. Because the king was the earthly link to the gods, it was his duty to spread order throughout the world through the military conquest of these strange and chaotic countries. As such, imperial expansion was not just expansion for expansion's sake but was also seen as a process of bringing divine order and destroying chaos to create civilization.

755:

and many of the names of the earliest rulers rhyme (suggesting an invented pattern). This is further corroborated by the absence of certain figures in the list known to have ruled in Assur before the Puzur-Ashur dynasty (the governors under Assur's foreign rulers). The Synchronistic King List diverges from the Assyrian King List and considers

1031:. The precise dates of the highly incomplete sequence of figures listed below are unknown and none of them appear among the rulers before Puzur-Ashur I in the king list. Perhaps their absence could be explained by these figures not being considered to be proper kings. Several are however attested with the title "supreme judge" ( 5071:, Ashur-nirari V ruled for 10 years. As the Assyrians counted reign lengths from the first full year as king (in this case 754 BC), 10 years are only achieved if Ashur-nirari V actually ruled until 744 BC. Perhaps an error, alternatively it is possible that there was a co-regency between Ashur-nirari V and Tiglath-Pileser III. 5026:(though it may in this way have been based on errors in earlier king lists). There is little evidence as to which figure is correct in regards to Ashur-dan I, but it is unlikely that Ninurta-apal-Ekur would have ruled for only 3 years given that 11 eponyms could possibly be referred to his reign and because the 4496:

A semi-autonomous city-state under Parthian suzerainty appears to have formed around the city of Assur, Assyria's oldest capital, near, or shortly after, the end of the 2nd century BC. In this period, the ancient city flourished, with some old buildings being restored and some new ones, such as a new

4976:

The Khorsabad and Seventh Day Adventist copies of the Assyrian King List designated Adad-nirari I as the son of Enlil-nirari (and thus Arik-den-ili's brother). The Nassouhi copy designates him as Arik-den-ili's son, which must be correct given that Adad-nirari I's own inscriptions also state that he

4872:

Contemporary inscriptions at Assur attest that the king Puzur-Sin deposed the Shamshi-Adad dynasty, on account of their line having been started by a foreign usurper. Puzur-Sin, and any potential successors of his line, were omitted in the Assyrian King List and no reference to him survives from the

4503:

of Assur ("master of Assur") and appear to have viewed themselves as continuing the old Assyrian royal tradition. These stelae retain the shape, framing and placement (often in city gates) of stelae erected under the ancient kings and also depict the central figure in reverence of the moon and sun,

1530:

The dynasty founded by Shamshi-Adad I, who deposed the Puzur-Ashur dynasty, is conventionally known as the 'Shamshi-Adad dynasty', after its founder. During the rule of Shamshi-Adad I and his successors, of Amorite descent and originally from the south, a more absolute form of kingship, inspired by

754:

The Assyrian King List includes a long sequence of rulers before Assyria's first confidently attested kings (of the Puzur-Ashur dynasty), though it is suspected by modern scholars that at least portions of this line of rulers are invented since none of the names are attested in contemporary records

5043:

Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur and Mutakkil-Nusku are stated by the Assyrian King List to have ruled "briefly", with no reference to how long that is. Though it is thus typically assumed that neither ruled a full regnal year, this is impossible to verify and all dates above are thus somewhat uncertain. The

4820:

It is not certain that Mut-Ashkur or Rimush actually ruled Assyria. Their names do not appear in the more complete copies of the Assyrian King List, which instead skip directly from Ishme-Dagan I to Ashur-dugul, and are only attested from a fragmentary copy of the list, KAV 14. It is possible that

4520:

The sequence of local rulers of Assur under the three or four centuries of Parthian suzerainty is poorly known. Only five names are attested and their dates, their precise order and how they relate to each other is not clear. The order used here follows Aggoula (1985). There are large gaps in this

5030:

makes him out to be a contemporary of three Babylonian kings with relatively long reigns. A larger amount of inscriptions are also known from Ninurta-apal-Ekur's reign than from Ashur-dan's reign, which does not suggest that it was so brief. Most modern historians use the longest figures for both

729:

722–705 BC). The inscriptions of these kings completely lack any familial references to previous kings, instead stressing that Ashur himself had appointed them directly with phrases such as "Ashur called my name", "Ashur placed me on the throne" and "Ashur placed his merciless weapon in my hand".

4957:

The length of the reigns of Ashur-rabi I and Ashur-nadin-ahhe I, who ruled in a period of instability, are broken off in all known copies of the Assyrian King List and there is no sure way of calculating them accurately. This list follows the proposed dates of Düring (2020). Other proposed dates

4882:

The Assyrian King List assigns Ashur-apla-idi and the five "usurpers" after him to the reign of Ashur-dugul, as his rivals. Their rule together cannot have covered more than one year and some Assyriologists believe it to be appropriate to omit them entirely from the sequence of kings as the list

611:

The great king, the mighty king, king of the Universe, king of Assyria, viceroy of Babylon, king of Sumer and Akkad, son of Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of Assyria, grandson of Sargon, the great king, the mighty king, king of Assyria; who under the protection of Assur, Sin,

535:

royal inscriptions tend to glorify the strength and power of the king. Assyrian titularies usually also often emphasize the royal genaeology of the king, something Babylonian titularies do not, and also drive home the king's moral and physical qualities while downplaying his role in the judicial

4999:

Depending on the copy, the Assyrian King List assigns either 13 or 3 years to Ninurta-apal-Ekur, and either 36 or 46 years to his successor Ashur-dan I, which means that different reconstructions of the sequence of Assyrian kings can contradict each other by as much as 10–20 years. In both the

1193:

2025 BC. Some historians on the other hand speculate that Puzur-Ashur was not a new dynastic founder, but that his dynasty actually began earlier, perhaps by Sulili. The dynasty has thus also been termed the 'Sulili–Puzur-Ashur dynasty'. The dynasty has also been referred to simply as the 'Old

651:

The heartland of the Assyrian realm, Assyria itself, was thought to represent a serene and perfect place of order whilst the lands governed by foreign powers were perceived as infested with disorder and chaos. The peoples of these "outer" lands were seen as uncivilized, strange and as speaking

571:

Assyrian royal titularies were often changed depending on where the titles were to be displayed, the titles of the same Assyrian king would have been different in their home country of Assyria and in conquered regions. Those Neo-Assyrian kings who controlled the city of Babylon used a "hybrid"

290:

survived the fall of their empire and kept their own cultural and religious traditions (though were Christianized in the 1st–3rd centuries AD). At times, Assur and other Assyrian cities were afforded great deals of autonomy by its foreign rulers after the 7th century BC, particularly under the

430:

One problem that arises with the Assyrian King List is that the creation of the list may have been more motivated by political interest than actual chronological and historical accuracy. In times of civil strife and confusion, the list still adheres to a single royal line of descent, probably

355:

officials for each year, appointed by the king to preside over the celebration of the New Year festival). Because of the consistency between the list and the method through which it was created, modern scholars usually accept the regnal years mentioned as more or less correct. There are some

1531:

that of Babylon, was introduced in Assyria. During the preceding Puzur-Ashur dynasty, royal power in Assur had been more limited than in other cities, with inscriptions describing how the king worked in tandem with the city assembly to establish law and order. The earliest use of the term

387:, and are generally considered reliable for the age. It is however clear that parts of the list are fictional, as some known kings are not found on the list and other listed kings are not independently verified. Originally it was assumed that the list was first written in the time of 4492:

empires, Assyria experienced a remarkable recovery. Under the last two or so centuries of Parthian rule, archaeological surveys have shown that the region reached a density of settlements that is only comparable to what the region was like under the Neo-Assyrian Empire.

683:

The king was also tasked with protecting his own people, often being referred to as a "shepherd". This protection included defending against external enemies and defending citizens from dangerous wild animals. To the Assyrians, the most dangerous animal of all was the

4883:

makes no claim that any of them ruled in their own right, and not just as rivals of Ashur-dugul. There is also doubt that these figures claimed to be kings and fought against Ashur-dugul in the first place since the sequence of names is suspiciously similar to the

5124:(i.e. Sennacherib). This figure is not attested elsewhere and is generally regarded to be an invented anachronistic and Christianized version of the ancient king Sennacherib, cast in a role befitting the then Christian Assyrians so that he could still be revered. 4791:, considered the most accurate chronology of Mesopotamian history by the majority of researchers on the basis of known evidence and synchronisms, Hammurabi is dated to 1792–1750 BC. Hammurabi's 17th regnal year thus corresponds (in this chronology) to 1776 BC. 5102:

Sîn-šar-iškun became king even though Aššur-etil-ilāni is known to have had sons of his own. Historically, it has often been assumed that Aššur-etil-ilāni was deposed by Sîn-šar-iškun after a civil war, but there is no contemporary evidence to support

803:, Shamshi-Adad's supposed ancestral home. Including these figures may have served to justify Shamshi-Adad's rise to the throne, either through obscuring his non-Assyrian origins or through inserting his ancestors into the sequence of Assyrian kings. 4986:

Depending on the copy, the Assyrian King List assigns either 3 (Khorsabad and Seventh Day Adventist copies) or 4 (Nassouhi copy) years to Ashur-nadin-apli. Analysis of timespans from the time of the later king Esarhaddon favors 4 rather than 3

4911:

In the Seventh Day Adventist copy of the Assyrian King List, Puzur-Ashur III is accorded a reign of 24 years, whereas the Nassouhi copy gives 14 years. In later Assyrian historiography, the dates used varied. Scribes working in the reigns of

76: 4835:

No sources record the length of Mut-Ashkur's reign or the reigns of his immediate successors. Reade (2001) speculatively assigned 29 years to the period between Ishme-Dagan I and Puzur-Sin (i.e. the reigns of Mut-Ashkur, Rimush and

688:, used (similarly to foreign powers) as an example of chaos and disorder due to their aggressive nature. To prove themselves worthy of rule and illustrate that they were competent protectors, Assyrian kings engaged in ritual 457: 604:", both assumed by Esarhaddon, illustrate that he was both Assyrian (Ashur and Mullissu, the main pair of Assyrian deities) and a legitimate ruler over Babylon (Marduk and Sarpanit, the main pair of Babylonian deities). 8760: 769:

1974–1935 BC), the fourth king of the Puzur-Ashur dynasty, to be the first king of Assyria. Though it includes earlier names, the Assyrian King List does not list the length of the rule of any king before Erishum I.

1188:

The dynasty founded by Puzur-Ashur is conventionally known by modern historians as the 'Puzur-Ashur dynasty' after its founder. Puzur-Ashur I is generally seen as the founder of Assyria as an independent city-state

541:

Assyrian epithets about royal lineage vary in how far they stretch back, most often simply discussing lineage in terms of "son of ..." or "brother of ...". Some cases display lineage stretching back much further,

773:

Given that the earliest rulers are described as "kings who lived in tents", they, if real, may not have ruled Assur at all but rather have been nomadic tribal chieftains somewhere in its vicinity. As in the

5084:

designates him as a son of Ashur-nirari V, his immediate predecessor. His parentage is disputed among modern historians due to the large timegap (38 years) between his accession and Adad-nirari III's death.

572:

titulary of sorts in the south, combining aspects of the Assyrian and Babylonian tradition, similar to how the traditional Babylonian deities were promoted in the south alongside the Assyrian main deity of

4863:

was used for priest-like people who were neither male nor female. If this would be the case, the person Puzur-Sin drove from Assur could have been the earlier Rimush, and not a separate king called Asinum.

431:

ignoring rival claimants to the throne. Additionally, there are some known inconsistencies between the list and actual inscriptions by Assyrian kings, often regarding dynastic relationships. For instance,

784:

tribal-geographical names with no relation to Assyria at all. It is possible that the 'kings who were ancestors', who are not attested in any other sources as present at Assur, refer to the ancestors of

780:, several names may also have belonged to rulers who were contemporaries/rivals, rather than successors and predecessors of one another. Some researchers have dismissed these names as a mixture of 7443:

Chavalas, Mark (1994). "Genealogical History as "Charter": A Study of Old Babylonian Period Historiography and the Old Testament". In Millard, A. R.; Hoffmeier, James K.; Baker, David W. (eds.).

5000:

Khorsabad (and SDAS) copy (3+46) and the Nassouhi copy (13+36), the total length of their reigns together adds up to 49 years. Inscriptions by Assyrian kings who ruled generations later, such as

5031:

kings, giving Ninurta-apal-Ekur 13 years and Ashur-dan I 46 years. Some argue with keeping to the 49 year-total, through assigning the shorter figure to either Ninurta-apal-Ekur or Ashur-dan I.

692:. Lion-hunting was reserved for Assyrian royalty and was a public event, staged at parks in or near the Assyrian cities. In some cases, the hunt even took place with captive lions in an arena. 4967:

The Khorsabad copy of the Assyrian King List designates Ashur-nirari II as the son of his predecessor Enlil-nasir II, but contemporary inscriptions prove that he was the son of Ashur-rabi I.

1541:', though these styles fell into a long period of disuse again after his death. The short-lived realm founded by Shamshi-Adad I is sometimes referred to as the Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia. 4468:

The defeat of Ashur-uballit II at Harran in 609 BC marked the end of the ancient Assyrian monarchy, which was never restored. The territory of the Assyrian Empire was split between the

258:, a list kept and developed by the ancient Assyrians themselves over the course of several centuries. Though some parts of the list are probably fictional, the list accords well with 196:, which was founded in the late 21st century BC and fell in the late 7th century BC. For much of its early history, Assyria was little more than a city-state, centered on the city 4215:

Son of Sennacherib. After Sennacherib was killed by Arda-Mulissu, Esarhaddon had to fight a six-week-long civil war against his brother before he successfully assumed the throne.

4857:

is usually interpreted as a proper name (i.e. the last king of Shamshi-Adad's dynasty was called Asinum) but it is not impossible that it was a title or nickname since the term

10370: 4453: 5027: 1194:

Assyrian dynasty'. These kings, beginning with Puzur-Ashur I, took power in the aftermath of the collapse of the Neo-Sumerian Empire, which had ruled over Assyria.

607:

To exemplify an Assyrian royal title from the time Assyria ruled all of Mesopotamia, the titulature preserved in one of Esarhaddon's inscriptions reads as follows:

3873:

Adad-nirari III's late reign began an obscure period from which few sources survive and Assyrian officials wielded great power. Presumably died of natural causes.

204:, and in its last few centuries it dominated the region as the largest empire the world had seen thus far. Ancient Assyrian history is typically divided into the 4783:

Shamshi-Adad I's death can be precisely dated relative to the sequence of Babylonian kings, as he is known to have died in the 17th year of the Babylonian king

4504:

an ever-present motif in the ancient royal stelae. This second period of prominent Assyrian cultural development at Assur came to and with the conquests of the

8798:"Now It Happened in Those Days": Studies in Biblical, Assyrian, and Other Ancient Near Eastern Historiography Presented to Mordechai Cogan on His 75th Birthday 8251:

The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 3 Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC

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The kings are listed in reverse order in the AKL, starting from Aminu and ending with Apiashal(who is also included in the list of kings who lived in tents).

799:

1808–1776 BC), given that other sources claim that his father was named Ilu-kabkabu, and they might thus not have been kings of Assyria, but rather rulers of

1941:

dynasty, after Bel-bani's father. In Babylonia, this dynasty of kings was called the "Baltil dynasty", Baltil being the oldest portion of the city of Assur.

5044:

dates prior are known to be reasonably accurate however as there exists preserved letters from Ashur-uballit I (dated here to 1363–1328 BC) to the Egyptian

312: 9601: 5093:

Although he was a short-lived usurper who never achieved control of the Assyrian heartland, Sîn-šumu-līšir is generally counted among the kings of Assyria.

4845:

The inscription by the king Puzur-Sin, who deposed and succeeded Shamshi-Adad I's family, states that he drove Shamshi-Adad's "grandson" (or "descendant")

4005:

Son of either Adad-nirari III or Ashur-nirari V. Succeeded Ashur-nirari V in uncertain circumstances, either legitimately or through a coup or civil war.

621: 612:

Shamash, Nabu, Marduk, Ishtar of Nineveh, Ishtar of Arbela, the great gods, his lords, made his way from the rising to the setting sun, having no rival.

343:). The three lists are largely consistent with each other, all originally copies of a single original list, and are based on the yearly appointments of 10194: 4821:

they controlled Ekallatum alone. Reade (2001) believes that Shamshi-Adad's descendants continued to rule at Assur as well until Puzur-Sin deposed them.

669:

1243–1207 BC) states that the king received a royal scepter and was commanded to "broaden the land of Ashur". A similar inscription from the reign of

4339:

courtier and general. Influential under the reign of Aššur-etil-ilāni, rebelled upon the accession of Sîn-šar-iškun. Ruled only northern Babylonia.

4218:

Brought Assyria to its greatest ever extent. Plagued by illnesses throughout his life. Died of natural causes on his way to campaign against Egypt.

4121:

Claimed to be a son of Tiglath-Pileser III, actual connections to previous royalty disputed. Seized the throne from Shalmaneser V in a palace coup.

655:

There exists several ancient inscriptions in which the god Ashur explicitly orders kings to extend the borders of Assyria. A text from the reign of

531:

In contrast to the titles employed by the Babylonian kings in the south, which typically focused on the protective role and the piety of the king,

10363: 4008:

Revitalized the Assyrian Empire and made it the supreme imperial and political power in the Near East. Conquered Babylon. Died a natural death.

7707:

Frahm, Eckart (2014). "Family Matters: Psychohistorical Reflections on Sennacherib and His Times". In Kalimi, Isaac; Richardson, Seth (eds.).

10499: 4480:

survived the fall of the empire, though Assyria continued to be a sparsely populated and marginal region under the Neo-Babylonian and later

10510: 10189: 7523: 1537:(king) in Assyrian inscriptions comes from Shamshi-Adad I's reign. Shamshi-Adad I was also the first Assyrian king to assume the title ' 200:, but from the 14th century BC onwards, Assyria rose under a series of warrior kings to become one of the major political powers of the 10356: 92:

669–631 BC) engaged in a lion hunt, a royal ritual meant to symbolically represent the Assyrian king's duty to bring order to the world

1175:

Name inscribed on a seal. Perhaps identifiable with the Assyrian King List's Sulili, but described as the son of Dakiki (not Aminu).

219:

The ancient Assyrians did not believe that their king was divine himself, but saw their ruler as the vicar of their principal deity,

1938:

The dynasty founded by Bel-bani, which ruled Assyria throughout most of its history, is conventionally known as the Adaside or Adasi

10245: 9594: 9005: 4261:

Generally regarded as the last great Assyrian king. Fate unclear due to lack of surviving sources, probably died a natural death.

9806: 8641:"The titles 'King of Sumer and Akkad' and 'King of Karduniaš', and the Assyro-Babylonian relationship during the Sargonid Period" 10568: 356:

differences between the copies of the list, notably in that they offer somewhat diverging regnal years before the reign of king

7412:"Die aramäischen Inschriften aus Assur, Hatra und dem übrigen Ostmesopotamien (datiert 44 v. Chr. bis 238 n. Chr.): Nachträge" 4873:

inscriptions of any later Assyrian ruler. It is possible that he was considered to be an usurper who deserved to be forgotten.

8629: 7986: 6208: 585: 274:, and is generally considered reliable for the age. The line of Assyrian kings ended with the defeat of Assyria's final king 248: 10472: 7687: 10424: 10615: 9936: 9587: 8050: 10620: 10610: 8805: 8749: 8719: 8589: 8539: 8479: 8422: 8345: 8259: 8176: 8155: 8081: 8060: 8028: 8007: 7897: 7874: 7743: 7722: 7697: 7676: 7655: 7632: 7547: 7475: 7379: 7339: 7318: 7284: 7239: 4258:

inherited Babylonia, but after their civil war in 652–648 BC, Ashurbanipal strengthened his hold on the south as well.

7329: 7257:]. Ausgrabungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft in Assur (in German). Leipzig: J. C. Hinrich'sche Buchhandlung. 9663: 8610: 8134: 8113: 7939: 7918: 7791: 7764: 7454: 7400: 8335: 7646:. In Gaspa, Salvatore; Greco, Alessandro; Morandi Bonacossi, Daniele; Ponchia, Simonetta; Rollinger, Robert (eds.). 10327: 7351:

Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten: Die Zeitbestimmung der ägyptischen Geschichte von der Vorzeit bis 332 v. Chr

7537: 7485:

Dalley, Stephanie (1994). "Nineveh, Babylon and the Hanging Gardens: Cuneiform and Classical Sources Reconciled".

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681–669 BC), suggest that the combined 49-year figure made became the established version within ancient Assyrian

7599: 4422:. Formally ruling with the title of crown prince since he was unable to undergo traditional coronation at Assur. 17: 8166: 10557: 10240: 10224: 8249: 7358: 4734:). Some historians regard Ashur-uballit I as the first Assyrian king since he was the first to adopt the style 4698: 3783:

Fully restored Assyia's ancient borders, though there was again decline after his death. Died a natural death.

8884: 4800:

The Assyrian King List accords Ishme-Dagan I a reign of 40 or 50 years (depending on the copy). He ruled from

4457:

Detail of a stele in the style of the Neo-Assyrian royal steles erected in Assur in the 2nd century AD (under

3830:, though it became independent again in the reign of his son. Died relatively young in unclear circumstances. 10266: 10276: 10011: 8998: 6775: 4616:

Akkadian-derived Aramaic name. Mentioned as the father of a person (whose name is illegible) in a relief.

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Assyrian Origins: Discoveries at Ashur on the Tigris: Antiquities in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin

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The Assyrian King List gives no regnal dates for the first three kings of the Puzur-Ashur dynasty and no

8904: 10337: 9946: 8739: 8094:

Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia Volume 2: Historical Records of Assyria From Sargon to the End

7229: 8315: 8269:

Parker, Bradley J. (2011). "The Construction and Performance of Kingship in the Neo-Assyrian Empire".

3969:

Fate unclear due to the lack of surviving sources, possibly deposed and killed by Tiglath-Pileser III

286:

in 609 BC, after which Assyria disappeared as an independent political unit, never to rise again. The

10021: 9836: 8711:

Middle East Conflicts from Ancient Egypt to the 21st Century: An Encyclopedia and Document Collection

8071: 4397: 553:

667–648 BC) describes himself as a "descendant of Sargon II", his great-grandfather. More extremely,

8761:"Translating the Seleucid βασίλισσα. Notes on the titulature of Stratonice in the Borsippa cylinder" 8316:"National and Ethnic Identity in the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Assyrian Identity in Post-Empire Times" 7885: 6799: 806:

The early portion of the Assyrian King List contains these otherwise historically unverified names:

10547: 10403: 9976: 9618: 8964: 4804:, near Assur, and it is possible that his reign overlapped with that of his father as letters from 4692: 4312: 588:", by the Assyrian kings served to legitimize their rule and assert their control over Babylon and 376: 263: 229:(representative/viceroy of Ashur), considering the god Ashur to be the true king. From the time of 8796:. In Baruchi-Unna, Amitai; Forti, Tova; Aḥituv, Shmuel; Ephʿal, Israel; Tigay, Jeffrey H. (eds.). 4269: 640:

Ancient Assyria was an absolute monarchy, with the king believed to be appointed directly through

10605: 10451: 10379: 10286: 10219: 10113: 9966: 9884: 9879: 9029: 8991: 8434:"Last Emperor or Crown Prince Forever? Aššur-uballiṭ II of Assyria according to Archival Sources" 4704: 577: 452: 240: 4958:

include neither king having a full regnal year of their own or a combined reign of 14+15 years.

4945:

681–669 BC). Among modern scholars, the 24-year figure has more support than the 14-year figure.

10527: 10317: 10169: 9928: 9315: 2783: 925: 361: 209: 8924: 7270: 6198: 504:

became independent, many of the new sovereign rulers refrained from taking the title of king (

9986: 9386: 8816: 7997: 6927: 5536: 4469: 4448: 4379: 3157: 1010: 973: 881: 821: 744: 641: 488:

2334–2154 BC), the Mesopotamian civilization that preceded the later kingdoms of Assyria and

384: 372: 279: 271: 259: 8864: 6707: 6683: 5080:

Tiglath-Pileser III claimed in his own inscriptions to be a son of Adad-nirari III, but the

4724:

Early Assyrian rulers, who ruled little more than a city-state, typically styled themselves

4354: 10413: 10204: 10164: 9643: 9101: 4884: 4771: 4755: 4512:

240, whereafter the Ashur temple was destroyed again and the city's people were dispersed.

3336:

Son of Tiglath-Pileser I; a century-long period of decline followed Ashur-bel-kala's death

1538: 1461: 986:

There are six of them, including three kings that are part of the Old Assyrian empire from

919: 886: 861: 581: 244: 8944: 8219:

Novák, Mirko; Younansardaroud, Helen (2002). "Mār Behnāum, Sohn des Sanherib von Nimrūd".

4774:

suggest that they together ruled for 64 years, but the distribution of years is not known.

8: 10393: 10291: 10199: 10174: 9981: 9956: 9523: 9466: 9300: 9050: 8845: 4655:

Indirectly mentioned in an inscription by his nephews, though his name is not preserved.

4418:

Possibly son of Sîn-šar-iškun. Organized resistance against the Medes and Babylonians at

3984: 3605: 2719: 1218: 1139: 708: 626: 515: 493: 466: 213: 205: 10348: 8640: 7950: 7892:. Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens. Athens: The Danish Institute at Athens. 7353:. Münchner Ägyptologische Studien (in German). Vol. 46. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern. 6751: 6584: 3597:

Son of Tiglath-Pileser II, began to reconquer the territory lost under his predecessors

3117:

Great-great-great-grandson of Adad-nirari I, usurped the throne from his distant cousin

405:

1049–1031 BC). The oldest of the surviving king-lists, List A (8th century BC) stops at

10281: 10250: 10149: 9996: 9913: 9483: 9451: 9446: 9371: 9295: 9290: 9275: 8780: 8683: 8566: 8518: 8510: 8458: 8384: 8376: 8302: 8294: 8236: 8207: 7961: 7851: 7843: 7814: 7586: 7578: 7510: 7502: 7446:

Faith, Tradition, and History: Old Testament Historiography in Its Near Eastern Context

7431: 5120:

there was also an independent Assyrian king at Nineveh in the fourth century AD, named

3676: 3547: 3518: 3061: 2687: 2655: 2559: 776: 406: 6863: 10583: 10461: 10271: 10128: 10123: 10108: 10043: 9961: 9918: 9638: 9633: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9376: 9356: 9127: 8801: 8784: 8745: 8715: 8696: 8625: 8606: 8585: 8570: 8535: 8522: 8475: 8418: 8388: 8341: 8306: 8286: 8255: 8240: 8211: 8172: 8151: 8130: 8109: 8077: 8056: 8024: 8003: 7982: 7975: 7935: 7914: 7893: 7870: 7855: 7787: 7770: 7760: 7739: 7718: 7693: 7672: 7651: 7628: 7590: 7543: 7514: 7471: 7450: 7396: 7375: 7354: 7335: 7314: 7280: 7258: 7235: 7216: 6204: 5001: 4924: 4788: 4481: 4255: 3741: 3286: 3257: 3221: 3093: 2965: 1662: 1125:

Attested as governor of Assur in an Akkadian-period list from Ur of local governors.

1027:

under foreign suzerainty are known from contemporary sources from before the time of

656: 589: 543: 462: 292: 201: 173: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5140: 3866:

Son of Shamshi-Adad V. Probably young at the time of his father's death, his mother

3250: 394:

1800 BC but it now is considered to date from much later, probably from the time of

10184: 10179: 10083: 10078: 10073: 10063: 10058: 10048: 9864: 9721: 9706: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9658: 9568: 9558: 9553: 9488: 9366: 9361: 9240: 8772: 8675: 8558: 8502: 8368: 8278: 8228: 8199: 7965: 7835: 7714: 7570: 7525:

Situation and Organisation: The Empire Building of Tiglath-Pileser III (745-728 BC)

7494: 7423: 6907: 6544: 6415: 4064: 3712: 3029: 2997: 2335: 1454: 1312: 510:), instead applying that title to their principal deities (in the case of Assyria, 380: 275: 267: 144: 2958: 1383: 10118: 10093: 10088: 10068: 10016: 10006: 10001: 9991: 9971: 9941: 9893: 9889: 9859: 9503: 9493: 9436: 9426: 9421: 9331: 9285: 9250: 9230: 9179: 8709: 8600: 8579: 8282: 8203: 8145: 8124: 8103: 8039: 8018: 7929: 7908: 7864: 7754: 7733: 7708: 7666: 7622: 7465: 7444: 7390: 7369: 7308: 7274: 6651: 5137: 4505: 4489: 4485: 4477: 4458: 4426: 4387: 3845: 3820: 3759: 3460: 3402: 3373: 2793: 2623: 2399: 2271: 1911: 1068: 481: 432: 395: 296: 287: 230: 130: 8605:(2nd Revised and Expanded ed.). Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press. 7310:

The History of the Ancient World: From the Earliest Accounts to the Fall of Rome

6731: 4342:

The only eunuch to ever claim the throne of Assyria. Defeated by Sîn-šar-iškun.

10098: 9518: 9508: 9498: 9478: 9431: 9411: 9391: 9280: 9245: 9235: 9220: 9149: 9111: 9096: 8661:"The Antiochus Cylinder, Babylonian Scholarship and Seleucid Imperial Ideology" 8397: 8232: 7559:"Representing Ashur: The Old Assyrian Rulers' Seals and Their Ur III Prototype" 7427: 6564: 5023: 4641:

Akkadian-derived Aramaic name. Mentioned in inscriptions and in his own stele.

3945: 3881: 3798: 3647: 3431: 3315: 3189: 2591: 2367: 2303: 2207: 1796: 1572: 1565: 1422: 786: 436: 388: 8776: 8679: 7582: 7558: 7498: 4624: 4462: 3977: 3744:. First Assyrian king to make extensive use of reliefs. Died a natural death. 1087:

2279–2270 BC) (?), described as the son of Ininlaba (possibly another ruler?)

10599: 10441: 9898: 9746: 9653: 9563: 9528: 9513: 9441: 9416: 9351: 9346: 9265: 9255: 9195: 9116: 9066: 8372: 8290: 7907:

Harper, Prudence O.; Klengel-Brandt, Evelyn; Aruz, Joan; Benzel, Kim (1995).

7220: 7065: 6271: 4913: 4473: 4129: 4125: 4023: 3913: 3489: 3344: 2926: 2894: 2495: 2431: 2039: 1604: 1228: 1028: 987: 701: 576:. The assumption of many traditional southern titles, including the ancient " 417: 336: 283: 122: 7392:

Die aramäischen Inschriften aus Assur, Hatra und dem übrigen Ostmesopotamien

7262: 4667: 4630: 4603: 4578: 4552: 4546: 4498: 9903: 9716: 9648: 9548: 9456: 9341: 9336: 9305: 9270: 8817:"The Revolt of 746 B.C and the Coming of Tiglath-pileser III to the Throne" 8449:

Reade, J. E. (1998). "Assyrian eponyms, kings and pretenders, 648-605 BC".

6823: 4233: 4176: 3705: 3576: 2862: 2830: 2751: 2527: 689: 670: 440: 82: 7826:

Hallo, William W. (1980). "Royal Titles from the Mesopotamian Periphery".

7774: 6114: 4740:(king of Assyria), which was then in consistent use from his time onwards. 3838: 3752: 327:

Incomplete king-lists have been recovered from three of the major ancient

10322: 10312: 10103: 10035: 9908: 9796: 9610: 9538: 9381: 9225: 9173: 9167: 9144: 9071: 8660: 7648:

From Source to History: Studies on Ancient Near Eastern Worlds and Beyond

7294:

Azize, Joseph (1998). "Who was responsible for the Assyrian King List?".

5113: 4805: 4770:

The reign lengths of Naram-Sin and Erishum II are approximate; preserved

4731: 4147: 4048: 3867: 3791: 3125: 2239: 1889: 1867: 1767: 1258: 1100: 967: 645: 573: 511: 480:

Assyrian royal titles typically followed trends that had begun under the

357: 220: 189: 62: 8687: 8462: 8298: 7818: 7802: 7710:

Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem: Story, History and Historiography

7435: 7411: 7210: 4016: 10489: 9854: 9849: 9543: 9121: 9106: 8380: 8356: 7847: 7506: 5117: 5012: 4935: 4226: 4194: 1636: 1493: 554: 317: 9579: 8514: 8490: 7863:

Hauser, Stefan R. (2017). "Post-Imperial Assyria". In E. Frahm (ed.).

4375:

Son of Ashurbanipal, succeeded as king after Aššur-etil-ilāni's death

4140: 251:", were added, often to assert their control over all of Mesopotamia. 56: 10159: 9844: 9731: 9668: 9533: 9215: 9200: 9161: 9155: 9139: 9081: 9076: 8337:

Israel and Empire: A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism

7756:

Assyrian Royal Inscriptions: From the beginning to Ashur-resha-ishi I

7215:(in French). Vol. 2. Naples: Instituto Universitario Orientale. 6625: 6623: 6176: 6174: 6172: 5048: 4934:

1114–1076 BC) used 14 years, whereas scribes working in the reign of

4801: 4784: 4187: 4100: 2175: 2071: 1845: 1823: 1740: 1319: 1285: 991: 961: 756: 719: 368:

1178 BC). After his time, the lists are identical in their contents.

8793: 8433: 8187: 7839: 7026: 6084: 6082: 6080: 4808:

show that he only ruled for about 11 years after his father's death.

4093: 439:, but from inscriptions it is known that he was actually the son of 10296: 9951: 9874: 9869: 9776: 9761: 9756: 9711: 9185: 9091: 8983: 8562: 8506: 8188:"Chronology and History in the Late Assyrian Empire (631—619 B.C.)" 7999:

International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa

7643: 7574: 6395: 6393: 6391: 6240: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6139: 6137: 6047: 6045: 5121: 4678:

Akkadian-derived Aramaic name. Mentioned in multiple inscriptions.

1975: 1390: 1145: 901: 781: 601: 597: 565: 500:

2112–2004 BC) collapsed and polities that had once been vassals to

6620: 6604: 6169: 10053: 9781: 9771: 9736: 9726: 9260: 9210: 7784:

Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC: II (858–745 BC)

6528: 6512: 6077: 5045: 4172: 3827: 2463: 2139: 1133: 955: 949: 943: 841: 836: 831: 532: 489: 470: 340: 328: 193: 7170: 7142: 7089: 6484: 6388: 6372: 6291: 6229: 6153: 6134: 6098: 6061: 6042: 680:

668–631 BC) commands the king to "extend the land at his feet".

9801: 9751: 9673: 9205: 9190: 9133: 9086: 8491:"Assyrian King-Lists, the Royal Tombs of Ur, and Indus Origins" 5951: 5643: 4419: 4336: 3737: 2103: 2007: 1690: 1351: 1074: 1005: 999: 931: 896: 891: 856: 816: 593: 564:

681–669 BC) calls himself a "descendant of the eternal seed of

352: 114: 8402:

ISIMU: Revista sobre Oriente Próximo y Egipto en la antigüedad

7906: 7071: 7053: 6472: 10154: 9791: 9786: 9766: 6500: 5854: 5801: 5524: 4383: 3394:

Son of Tiglath-Pileser I, usurped the throne from his nephew

3021:

Son of Tukulti-Ninurta I, usurped the throne from his father

1248: 1113:

2270–2255 BC). Name found inscribed on the point of a spear.

1024: 876: 871: 851: 826: 800: 344: 332: 321: 197: 6671: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5397: 9741: 8052:

The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem: Judah under Babylonian Rule

6999: 6895: 6839: 6639: 5382: 4305: 846: 685: 568:", a king who lived more than a thousand years before him. 474: 8549:

Rowton, M. B. (1951). "Jeremiah and the Death of Josiah".

8105:

The Ancient World: Dictionary of World Biography, Volume 1

7668:

The Imperialisation of Assyria: An Archaeological Approach

5994: 5972: 5970: 5485: 5483: 5468: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5240: 10378: 8168:

The Campaigns of Sargon II, King of Assyria, 721–705 B.C.

7624:

The Age of Agade: Inventing Empire in Ancient Mesopotamia

7043: 7041: 6883: 6030: 5394: 5370: 4701:– for other dynasties and kingdoms in ancient Mesopotamia 2615:

Son of Ashur-rabi I, usurped the throne from his brother

2551:

Son of Enlil-nasir I, usurped the throne from his nephew

1158:

2046–2037 BC). Name found inscribed on a limestone slab.

8248:

Oates, Joan (1992). "The fall of Assyria (635–609 BC)".

7689:

The Cyrus Cylinder: The Great Persian Edict from Babylon

7120: 7118: 7116: 7077: 6261: 6259: 6257: 5929: 5927: 5878: 5866: 5832: 5830: 5828: 5755: 5753: 5324: 5322: 5204: 3213:

Son of Ashur-dan I, usurped the throne from his brother

1247:

Unclear succession, possibly first independent ruler of

254:

All modern lists of Assyrian kings generally follow the

7016: 7014: 6426: 6424: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6334: 6332: 6330: 5967: 5765: 5738: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5699: 5697: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5601: 5599: 5572: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5480: 5427: 5415: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5267: 5194: 5192: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5161: 1717: 501: 435:

is stated by the list to be the son of his predecessor

216:

periods, all marked by ages of ascendancy and decline.

7931:

Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide

7601: 7038: 6987: 6975: 6963: 6460: 6436: 6328: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6310: 5777: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5695: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5677: 5664: 5662: 5495: 5444: 5334: 4897: 4858: 4852: 4846: 4735: 4725: 4403: 4360: 4318: 4275: 4239: 4200: 4153: 4106: 4029: 3990: 3951: 3919: 3887: 3851: 3804: 3765: 3718: 3682: 3653: 3582: 3553: 3524: 3495: 3466: 3437: 3408: 3379: 3350: 3321: 3292: 3263: 3227: 3195: 3163: 3131: 3099: 3067: 3035: 3003: 2971: 2932: 2900: 2868: 2836: 2818: 2799: 2757: 2725: 2693: 2661: 2629: 2597: 2565: 2533: 2501: 2469: 2437: 2405: 2373: 2341: 2309: 2277: 2245: 2213: 2181: 2145: 2109: 2077: 2045: 2013: 1981: 1917: 1895: 1873: 1851: 1829: 1802: 1773: 1746: 1696: 1669: 1642: 1610: 1578: 1532: 1525: 1499: 1467: 1428: 1396: 1357: 1325: 1291: 1264: 1234: 1038: 1032: 707:

Two prominent examples of such usurpers are the kings

523: 514:). For this reason, most of the Assyrian kings of the 505: 345: 234: 224: 183: 177: 46: 40: 7113: 7101: 6951: 6851: 6448: 6254: 6217: 5924: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5895: 5893: 5825: 5789: 5750: 5616: 5614: 5319: 5307: 4566:

Iranian name. Known from an inscription on a statue.

1183: 700:

As opposed to some other ancient monarchies, such as

492:. When the Mesopotamian central government under the 8398:"The Trials of Esarhaddon: The Conspiracy of 670 BC" 8218: 7395:(in German). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 7186: 7158: 7130: 7032: 7011: 6421: 6018: 6006: 5626: 5596: 5560: 5548: 5507: 5358: 5346: 5295: 5283: 5264: 5228: 5216: 5173: 8602:

Images of Nebuchadnezzar: The Emergence of a Legend

8357:"The Assyrian King List from Khorsabad (Concluded)" 8073:

The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy

7803:"The Assyrian King List and Chronology: a Critique" 6307: 5842: 5715: 5674: 5659: 5456: 5252: 4442: 8863: 8800:. Vol. 2. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. 7974: 7890:Time's Up! Dating the Minoan Eruption of Santorini 7276:Commerce and Colonization in the Ancient Near East 5982: 5939: 5905: 5890: 5813: 5611: 5584: 5152: 4293:Fate unclear due to the lack of surviving sources 3937:Fate unclear due to the lack of surviving sources 3905:Fate unclear due to the lack of surviving sources 600:" and "favourite of the god Ashur and the goddess 4128:. Killed in battle in Anatolia, fighting against 3870:may have served as co-regent in his early reign. 233:(14th century BC), the rulers instead used king ( 10597: 7600:"After Ta'yinat: The New Status of Esarhaddon's 7231:Southern Mesopotamia in the time of Ashurbanipal 6416:https://austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576%200x00237bb8.pdf 4058: 1933: 473:, featuring a depiction of the king fighting an 7467:Study on the Synchronistic King List from Ashur 6196: 416:967–935 BC) and the youngest, List C, stops at 8846:"The Old Assyrian Period (ca. 2000–1600 B.C.)" 8728: 8619: 6478: 5860: 5807: 5545:, Chapter 3: Akkadian centers and settlements. 316:Assyrian King List of the 7th century BC on a 10364: 9595: 8999: 8965:"Royal marriage alliances and noble hostages" 8925:"Shalmaneser V, king of Assyria (726-722 BC)" 7348: 6506: 4831: 4829: 4827: 4816: 4814: 3819:Son of Shalmaneser III, defeated his brother 2163:Unrelated to other kings, possibly a usurper 1596:Amorite usurper, unrelated to previous kings 9039: 8791: 8737: 8333: 7248: 7095: 6845: 6717: 6677: 6000: 5474: 749: 616: 10190:Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire 8185: 7886:"How uncertain is Mesopotamian chronology?" 7212:Inscriptions et Graffites Araméens d'Assour 6917: 6901: 6873: 6833: 6809: 10371: 10357: 9602: 9588: 9034: 9006: 8992: 8902: 8771:(2). Cambridge University Press: 264–279. 8694: 8415:Ancient Assyria: A Very Short Introduction 8408:. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid: 165–183. 8090: 7059: 5450: 5376: 5039: 5037: 4995: 4993: 4824: 4811: 4591:Arabic name. Mentioned in an inscription. 4437: 4304: 4254:Son of Esarhaddon. Ashurbanipal's brother 4225: 4186: 4139: 4092: 4015: 3976: 3837: 3790: 3751: 3704: 3249: 2957: 1564: 1453: 1382: 1311: 8945:"Sargon II, king of Assyria (721-705 BC)" 8882: 8738:Veenhof, Klaas R.; Eidem, Jesper (2008). 8048: 7671:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 7556: 7521: 7279:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 6877: 6693: 6665: 6645: 6403: 6301: 6281: 6190: 5771: 5578: 5198: 4953: 4951: 4707:– the Seleucids who became kings of Syria 636:745–727), depicting the king in a chariot 8843: 8814: 8733:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Wiley Blackwell. 8164: 8143: 8122: 8069: 7948: 7913:. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. 7786:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 7442: 7327: 7313:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 6741: 6598: 6184: 5976: 5744: 5637: 5489: 5438: 5388: 5340: 5328: 5301: 5246: 4452: 4179:, who hoped to seize power for himself. 1018: 738: 620: 528:, translating to "governor of Assyria". 456: 311: 9609: 8922: 8701:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 8 8658: 8334:Perdue, Leo G.; Carter, Warren (2015). 8313: 7995: 7927: 7781: 7752: 7371:Handbook to Life in Ancient Mesopotamia 7367: 7208: 7152: 7124: 7047: 6981: 6725: 6701: 6661: 6633: 6614: 6578: 6442: 6223: 6163: 6147: 6124: 6108: 6092: 6071: 6055: 5783: 5759: 5566: 5554: 5530: 5518: 5501: 5313: 5222: 5034: 4990: 4766: 4764: 371:The king-lists mostly accord well with 14: 10598: 8962: 8942: 8794:"Shalmaneser V and His Era, Revisited" 8792:Yamada, Keiko; Yamada, Shiego (2017). 8758: 8707: 8638: 8577: 8548: 8469: 8431: 8412: 8395: 8354: 8268: 8101: 8044:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 7951:"Assyrian Royal Titulary in Babylonia" 7883: 7862: 7800: 7685: 7664: 7620: 7484: 7249:Andrae, Walter; Lenzen, Heinz (1933). 7234:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. 7176: 7107: 7083: 7020: 7005: 6993: 6969: 6957: 6945: 6937: 6933: 6921: 6857: 6813: 6789: 6785: 6769: 6745: 6721: 6574: 6558: 6554: 6538: 6522: 6466: 6430: 6382: 6285: 6265: 6248: 6012: 5961: 5933: 5836: 5795: 5542: 5421: 5409: 5364: 5352: 5277: 5258: 5210: 5167: 4948: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4515: 10404:King of the Four Corners of the World 10380:Ancient Mesopotamian royal titulature 10352: 9583: 8987: 8488: 8448: 8247: 8126:Ancient Mesopotamia: New Perspectives 8016: 7972: 7825: 7731: 7706: 7641: 7597: 7535: 7409: 7388: 7374:. New York: Oxford University Press. 7331:A History of Babylon, 2200 BC - AD 75 7306: 7293: 7269: 7227: 7192: 7180: 7164: 7148: 7136: 6941: 6889: 6869: 6817: 6793: 6765: 6761: 6697: 6594: 6494: 6454: 6128: 6036: 6024: 5988: 5957: 5945: 5918: 5899: 5848: 5819: 5653: 5605: 5289: 5234: 4047:Deposed and killed by Sargon II in a 1925:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1903:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1881:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1859:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1837:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1815:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1788:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 1759:Usurper, unrelated to previous kings 586:king of the Four Corners of the World 249:king of the Four Corners of the World 239:). In time, further titles, such as " 65:, the ancient Assyrian national deity 9013: 8741:Mesopotamia: The Old Assyrian Period 8598: 8529: 8323:Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies 8037: 8020:Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia 7958:Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative 7463: 6913: 6829: 6805: 6781: 6757: 6737: 6713: 6689: 6657: 6629: 6610: 6590: 6570: 6550: 6534: 6518: 6490: 6399: 6378: 6366: 6297: 6277: 6244: 6180: 6159: 6143: 6120: 6104: 6088: 6067: 6051: 5884: 5872: 5732: 5709: 5668: 5649: 5620: 5590: 5462: 5011:1114–1076 BC), and centuries later, 4761: 1718:Non-dynastic usurpers (1735–1701 BC) 9035:Legendary kings and early governors 8271:Journal of Anthropological Research 7692:. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. 7531:(PhD thesis). University of Sydney. 6197:Gwendolyn Leick (31 January 2002). 4743: 4425:Defeated by the Babylonians at the 1526:Shamshi-Adad dynasty (1808–1736 BC) 1043:and sometimes used by later kings. 1023:A handful of early local rulers of 592:. Epithets like "chosen by the god 24: 8824:State Archives of Assyria Bulletin 8731:A History of the Ancient Near East 7869:. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. 6200:Who's Who in the Ancient Near East 1184:Puzur-Ashur dynasty (2025–1809 BC) 25: 10632: 8620:Sagona, A.; Zimansky, P. (2009). 8438:State Archives of Assyria Studies 8091:Luckenbill, Daniel David (1927). 5112:According to the 12th-century AD 1037:) a title probably equivalent to 733: 10328:Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary 9819: 7977:Ancient Near East c. 3000–330 BC 7888:. In Warburton, David A. (ed.). 7759:. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. 7610:Presses Universitaires de France 7033:Novák & Younansardaroud 2002 5106: 5096: 5087: 5074: 5061: 4443:Geopolitical history and context 4171:Changed the Assyrian capital to 4124:Changed the Assyrian capital to 3736:Changed the Assyrian capital to 75: 55: 8668:The Journal of Hellenic Studies 8551:Journal of Near Eastern Studies 8495:Journal of Near Eastern Studies 8361:Journal of Near Eastern Studies 7642:Fales, Frederick Mario (2014). 7606:for Assyrian Political History" 7598:Fales, Frederick Mario (2012). 7563:Journal of Near Eastern Studies 7201: 6409: 5053: 5017: 5006: 4980: 4970: 4961: 4940: 4929: 4918: 4905: 4890: 4876: 4866: 4839: 4794: 4777: 1709:Grandson (?) of Shamshi-Adad I 1150: 1105: 1079: 791: 761: 724: 713: 675: 661: 631: 559: 548: 422: 411: 400: 302: 188:) was the ruler of the ancient 87: 47: 41: 9885:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) 9880:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) 8850:The Metropolitan Museum of Art 8836: 8584:. Cambridge University Press. 8254:. Cambridge University Press. 8171:University of Oklahoma Press. 8102:Magill, Frank N., ed. (1998). 8097:. University of Chicago Press. 7644:"The Two Dynasties of Assyria" 7349:von Beckerath, Jürgen (1997). 4718: 4699:List of Mesopotamian dynasties 13: 1: 10267:Ancient Mesopotamian religion 9664:Tigris–Euphrates river system 9321: 9056: 8729:Van De Mieroop, Marc (2016). 8581:The Cambridge Ancient History 7328:Beaulieu, Paul-Alain (2018). 5131: 4730:(regent or representative of 4509: 4175:. Murdered by his eldest son 4059:Sargonid dynasty (722–609 BC) 3203: 3171: 3139: 3107: 3075: 3043: 3011: 2979: 2940: 2908: 2876: 2844: 2807: 2765: 2733: 2701: 2669: 2637: 2605: 2573: 2541: 2509: 2477: 2445: 2413: 2381: 2349: 2317: 2285: 2253: 2221: 2189: 2153: 2117: 2085: 2053: 2021: 1989: 1934:Adaside dynasty (1700–722 BC) 1618: 1586: 1507: 1475: 1436: 1404: 1365: 1333: 1190: 1155: 1110: 1084: 796: 766: 695: 666: 522:2025–1364 BC) used the title 519: 497: 485: 391: 365: 8474:. The British Museum Press. 8283:10.3998/jar.0521004.0067.303 8221:Altorientalische Forschungen 8204:10.1515/zava.1991.81.1-2.243 8192:Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 8147:Reallexikon der Assyriologie 7738:. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. 7621:Foster, Benjamin R. (2016). 7602: 7449:. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns. 6203:. Routledge. pp. 148–. 4898: 4896:Alternatively translated as 4859: 4853: 4847: 4736: 4726: 4668: 4631: 4604: 4579: 4553: 4547: 4499: 4404: 4378:Killed by the forces of the 4361: 4319: 4276: 4240: 4201: 4154: 4107: 4030: 3991: 3952: 3920: 3888: 3852: 3805: 3766: 3719: 3683: 3654: 3583: 3554: 3525: 3496: 3467: 3438: 3409: 3380: 3351: 3322: 3293: 3264: 3228: 3196: 3164: 3132: 3100: 3068: 3036: 3004: 2972: 2933: 2901: 2869: 2837: 2819: 2800: 2758: 2726: 2694: 2662: 2630: 2598: 2566: 2534: 2502: 2470: 2438: 2406: 2374: 2342: 2310: 2278: 2246: 2214: 2182: 2146: 2110: 2078: 2046: 2014: 1982: 1918: 1896: 1874: 1852: 1830: 1803: 1774: 1747: 1697: 1670: 1643: 1611: 1579: 1533: 1500: 1468: 1429: 1397: 1358: 1326: 1292: 1265: 1235: 1039: 1033: 524: 506: 443:and brother of Enlil-Nasir. 346: 235: 225: 184: 178: 7: 10333:Chicago Assyrian Dictionary 10215:Egypt-Mesopotamia relations 10210:Indus-Mesopotamia relations 8865:"Introducing the Assyrians" 8744:. Academic Press Fribourg. 8714:. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. 8708:Tucker, Spencer C. (2019). 8417:. Oxford University Press. 8165:Melville, Sarah C. (2016). 8129:. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. 7934:. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. 7557:Eppihimer, Melissa (2013). 4686: 4044:Son of Tiglath-Pileser III 2817:Son of Eriba-Adad I, first 1727: 1724: 10: 10637: 10616:Iraq history-related lists 10338:Chicago Hittite Dictionary 8233:10.1524/aofo.2002.29.1.166 8123:McIntosh, Jane R. (2005). 8041:Assyria: c. 2600–1816 B.C. 7949:Karlsson, Mattias (2017). 7928:Jackson, Guida M. (1999). 7782:Grayson, A. Kirk (2002) . 7650:. Münster: Ugarit Verlag. 7539:Sargon II, King of Assyria 7428:10.13109/wdor.2013.43.1.25 7307:Bauer, Susan Wise (2007). 7255:The Parthian City of Assur 5861:Sagona & Zimansky 2009 4695:– for the Babylonian kings 4446: 4429:, fate thereafter unknown 4062: 3733:Son of Tukulti-Ninurta II 3568:Son of Ashur-resh-ishi II 2775:Son of Ashur-bel-nisheshu 2743:Son of Ashur-rim-nisheshu 742: 450: 307: 10621:Middle East-related lists 10611:Lists of monarchs in Asia 10578: 10520: 10482: 10435:Dominion over Mesopotamia 10434: 10386: 10305: 10259: 10233: 10137: 10034: 9927: 9835: 9828: 9817: 9699: 9626: 9617: 9465: 9314: 9049: 9019: 8905:"Synchronistic King List" 8903:Lendering, Jona (2006b). 8815:Zawadzki, Stefan (1994). 8777:10.1017/S001738351900007X 8680:10.1017/S0075426914000068 8659:Stevens, Kahtryn (2014). 8340:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 8108:. Pasadena: Salem Press. 8017:Leick, Gwendolyn (2010). 7753:Grayson, A. Kirk (1972). 7665:Düring, Bleda S. (2020). 7522:Davenport, T. L. (2016). 7499:10.1017/S0021088900002801 7368:Bertman, Stephen (2003). 7228:Ahmed, Sami Said (2018). 6788:, pp. 166, 176–177; 4532: 4529: 4526: 4461:rule) by the local ruler 4395: 4352: 4348: 4299: 4267: 4083: 4080: 4077: 4074: 3943: 3911: 3879: 3696: 3674: 3667: 3645: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3603: 3596: 3574: 3567: 3545: 3538: 3516: 3509: 3487: 3480: 3458: 3451: 3429: 3422: 3400: 3393: 3371: 3364: 3342: 3335: 3313: 3307:Son of Tiglath-Pileser I 3306: 3284: 3278:Son of Ashur-resh-ishi I 3277: 3241: 3219: 3212: 3187: 3180: 3155: 3149:Son of Ninurta-apal-Ekur 3148: 3123: 3116: 3091: 3085:Son of Tukulti-Ninurta I 3084: 3059: 3052: 3027: 3020: 2995: 2988: 2949: 2924: 2917: 2892: 2885: 2860: 2853: 2828: 2816: 2791: 2781: 2774: 2749: 2742: 2717: 2710: 2685: 2678: 2653: 2646: 2621: 2614: 2589: 2582: 2557: 2550: 2525: 2518: 2493: 2486: 2461: 2454: 2429: 2422: 2397: 2390: 2365: 2358: 2333: 2326: 2301: 2294: 2269: 2262: 2237: 2230: 2205: 2198: 2173: 2169: 2162: 2137: 2133: 2126: 2101: 2094: 2069: 2062: 2037: 2030: 2005: 1998: 1973: 1961: 1809: 1730: 1688: 1661: 1634: 1602: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1491: 1420: 1349: 1283: 1256: 1226: 1216: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1067: 1054: 1051: 1048: 750:Early names in king lists 617:Role of the Assyrian king 446: 158: 150: 140: 110: 105: 101: 97: 74: 70: 54: 39: 31: 8969:Assyrian empire builders 8949:Assyrian empire builders 8929:Assyrian empire builders 8885:"The Assyrian King List" 8883:Lendering, Jona (2006). 8844:Highcock, Nancy (2017). 8599:Sack, Ronald H. (2004). 8451:Orientalia (NOVA Series) 8373:10.1086/jnes.2.1.3693710 8144:Meissner, Bruno (1990). 8070:Liverani, Mario (2013). 8049:Lipschits, Oled (2005). 8038:Lewy, Hildegard (1966). 8002:. Taylor & Francis. 7996:La Boda, Sharon (1994). 7884:Hunger, Hermann (2009). 7209:Aggoula, Basile (1985). 7096:Andrae & Lenzen 1933 6846:Perdue & Carter 2015 6718:Yamada & Yamada 2017 6678:Yamada & Yamada 2017 6601:, pp. 178, 184–185. 6001:Veenhof & Eidem 2008 5475:Veenhof & Eidem 2008 4711: 4693:List of kings of Babylon 4535: 4086: 4071: 3780:Son of Ashurnasirpal II 3638: 3613: 3053:Son of Ashur-nadin-apli 1733: 1558: 1546: 1211: 1199: 1057: 997: 941: 917: 910:Kings who were ancestors 869: 811:Kings who lived in tents 383:king lists and with the 270:king lists and with the 127:(independent city-state) 10456:šar māt Šumeri u Akkadi 10452:King of Sumer and Akkad 10387:Dominion over the world 8923:Radner, Karen (2012b). 8869:The British Museum Blog 8695:Schippmann, K. (2012). 8639:Soares, Filipe (2017). 8186:Na'aman, Nadav (1991). 7807:Orientalia: NOVA Series 7801:Hagens, Graham (2005). 7686:Finkel, Irving (2013). 7536:Elayi, Josette (2017). 5028:Synchronistic King List 4977:was Arik-den-ili's son. 4887:of Ashur-dugul's reign. 4438:Later Assyrian kingship 4084:Life details and notes 3966:Son of Adad-nirari III 3934:Son of Adad-nirari III 3902:Son of Adad-nirari III 3510:Son of Ashurnasirpal I 3452:Son of Ashurnasirpal I 3423:Son of Shamshi-Adad IV 2854:Son of Ashur-uballit I 2711:Son of Ashur-nirari II 2679:Son of Ashur-nirari II 2455:Son of Puzur-Ashur III 2359:Son of Shamshi-Adad II 2327:Son of Shamshi-Adad II 578:king of Sumer and Akkad 453:Akkadian royal titulary 241:king of Sumer and Akkad 10170:Babylonian mathematics 9316:Middle Assyrian Empire 9025:List of Assyrian kings 8963:Radner, Karen (2013). 8943:Radner, Karen (2012). 8759:Widmer, Marie (2019). 8578:Rowton, M. B. (1970). 8530:Roux, Georges (1992). 8470:Reade, J. E. (1998b). 8432:Radner, Karen (2019). 8413:Radner, Karen (2015). 8396:Radner, Karen (2003). 8314:Parpola, Simo (2004). 7866:A Companion to Assyria 7735:A Companion to Assyria 7732:Frahm, Eckart (2017). 7542:. Atlanta: SBL Press. 7334:. Pondicherry: Wiley. 7251:Die Partherstadt Assur 5533:, pp. 46, 52, 76. 4705:List of kings of Syria 4465: 3697:Son of Adad-nirari II 3635:Life details and notes 3481:Son of Shalmaneser II 3365:Son of Ashur-bel-kala 3242:Son of Mutakkil-nusku 2784:Middle Assyrian Empire 2423:Son of Ashur-nirari I 2391:Son of Ishme-Dagan II 1628:Son of Shamshi-Adad I 1485:Son of Puzur-Ashur II 637: 614: 477: 362:Middle Assyrian Empire 324: 9387:Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur 8489:Reade, J. E. (2001). 8150:. Walter de Gruyter. 7627:. Oxford: Routledge. 7410:Beyer, Klaus (2013). 7389:Beyer, Klaus (1998). 6812:, pp. 243, 254; 4456: 4449:Post-imperial Assyria 3539:Son of Ashur-rabi II 3165:Ninurta-tukultī-Aššur 3158:Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur 2989:Son of Shalmaneser I 2950:Son of Adad-nirari I 2487:Son of Enlil-nasir I 2095:Son of Sharma-Adad I 1731:Succession and notes 1655:Son of Ishme-Dagan I 1556:Succession and notes 1277:Son of Puzur-Ashur I 1209:Succession and notes 1019:Attested early rulers 982:Kings named on bricks 745:Early Assyrian period 739:Early Assyrian rulers 624: 609: 460: 385:archaeological record 315: 280:Neo-Babylonian Empire 272:archaeological record 135:(first to use 'king') 10414:King of the Universe 10165:Babylonian astronomy 9644:Mesopotamian Marshes 7416:Die Welt des Orients 7271:Aubet, Maria Eugenia 7008:, pp. 238, 240. 6940:, pp. 135–136; 6836:, pp. 243, 255. 6740:, pp. 200–201; 6561:, pp. 146, 149. 6039:, pp. 204, 227. 5887:, pp. 198, 200. 5875:, pp. 198, 202. 4290:Son of Ashurbanipal 3740:. Campaigned to the 3668:Son of Ashur-dan II 2918:Son of Arik-den-ili 2886:Son of Enlil-nirari 2647:Son of Ashur-rabi I 2583:Son of Ashur-rabi I 1963:Succession and notes 1539:king of the Universe 976:, son of Ila-kabkabu 644:by the chief deity, 582:king of the Universe 580:" and the boastful " 364:(reign beginning in 245:king of the Universe 10582:Titles rendered in 10394:King of All Peoples 10246:Destruction by ISIL 10200:Sumerian literature 10175:Akkadian literature 9611:Ancient Mesopotamia 9524:Tiglath-Pileser III 9467:Neo-Assyrian Empire 9301:Ashur-nadin-ahhe II 9051:Old Assyrian period 8703:. pp. 816–817. 8355:Poebel, A. (1943). 8023:. Scarecrow Press. 7098:, pp. 105–106. 7062:, pp. 816–817. 6892:, pp. 122–123. 6479:Van De Mieroop 2016 5808:Van De Mieroop 2016 5412:, pp. 357–386. 5391:, pp. 219–229. 5213:, pp. 194–195. 4516:City-lords of Assur 4484:empires. Under the 3992:Tukultī-apil-Ešarra 3985:Tiglath-Pileser III 3606:Neo-Assyrian Empire 3555:Tukultī-apil-Ešarra 3265:Tukultī-apil-Ešarra 3181:Son of Ashur-dan I 2720:Ashur-nadin-ahhe II 2295:Son of Erishum III 1682:Uncertain relation 1510:1828/1818 – 1809 BC 1478:1872 – 1829/1819 BC 1304:Son of Shalim-ahum 1219:Old Assyrian period 709:Tiglath-Pileser III 627:Tiglath-Pileser III 516:Old Assyrian period 494:Third Dynasty of Ur 10521:Specific locations 10408:šar kibrāt erbetti 10282:Mesopotamian myths 9484:Tukulti-Ninurta II 9452:Tiglath-Pileser II 9447:Ashur-resh-ishi II 9372:Enlil-kudurri-usur 9296:Ashur-rim-nisheshu 9291:Ashur-bel-nisheshu 9276:Ashur-nadin-ahhe I 8472:Assyrian Sculpture 7973:Kuhrt, A. (1997). 7464:Chen, Fei (2020). 7072:Harper et al. 1995 6696:, pp. 36–41; 6507:von Beckerath 1997 5249:, p. 101–102. 5170:, pp. 7, 114. 5154:The British Museum 5082:Assyrian King List 5069:Assyrian King List 4923:1273–1244 BC) and 4466: 3677:Tukulti-Ninurta II 3548:Tiglath-Pileser II 3519:Ashur-resh-ishi II 3209:(less than a year) 3177:(less than a year) 3069:Enlīl-kudurri-uṣur 3062:Enlil-kudurri-usur 2688:Ashur-rim-nisheshu 2656:Ashur-bel-nisheshu 2560:Ashur-nadin-ahhe I 970:, son of Yazkur-el 777:Sumerian King List 638: 478: 407:Tiglath-Pileser II 325: 256:Assyrian King List 111:First monarch 10593: 10592: 10584:Akkadian language 10483:The king's person 10462:King of the Lands 10346: 10345: 10297:Ziggurat (Temple) 10272:Sumerian religion 10030: 10029: 9977:Middle Babylonian 9919:Kish civilization 9815: 9814: 9639:Lower Mesopotamia 9634:Upper Mesopotamia 9577: 9576: 9472: 9407:Asharid-apal-Ekur 9402:Tiglath-Pileser I 9397:Ashur-resh-ishi I 9377:Ninurta-apal-Ekur 9357:Tukulti-Ninurta I 9325: 9060: 8765:Greece & Rome 8631:978-0-415-28916-0 8534:. Penguin Books. 7988:978-0-415-16763-5 7828:Anatolian Studies 7470:. Leiden: BRILL. 7086:, pp. 19–20. 6648:, pp. 37–41. 6210:978-1-134-78796-8 5424:, pp. 72–79. 5067:According to the 5002:Tiglath-Pileser I 4925:Tiglath-Pileser I 4789:middle chronology 4684: 4683: 4672: 4649: 4635: 4613: 4608: 4588: 4583: 4563: 4558: 4435: 4434: 4415: 4408: 4372: 4365: 4332: 4325: 4287: 4280: 4256:Shamash-shum-ukin 4251: 4244: 4212: 4205: 4168:Son of Sargon II 4165: 4158: 4118: 4111: 4056: 4055: 4041: 4034: 4002: 3995: 3963: 3956: 3931: 3924: 3899: 3892: 3863: 3856: 3816: 3809: 3777: 3770: 3730: 3723: 3694: 3687: 3665: 3658: 3594: 3587: 3565: 3558: 3536: 3529: 3507: 3500: 3478: 3471: 3449: 3442: 3420: 3413: 3391: 3384: 3362: 3355: 3333: 3326: 3304: 3297: 3287:Asharid-apal-Ekur 3275: 3268: 3258:Tiglath-Pileser I 3239: 3232: 3222:Ashur-resh-ishi I 3210: 3200: 3178: 3168: 3146: 3136: 3114: 3104: 3101:Ninurta-apal-Ekur 3094:Ninurta-apal-Ekur 3082: 3072: 3050: 3040: 3018: 3008: 2986: 2976: 2966:Tukulti-Ninurta I 2947: 2937: 2915: 2905: 2883: 2873: 2851: 2841: 2814: 2804: 2772: 2762: 2740: 2730: 2708: 2698: 2676: 2666: 2644: 2634: 2612: 2602: 2580: 2570: 2548: 2538: 2516: 2506: 2484: 2474: 2452: 2442: 2420: 2410: 2388: 2378: 2356: 2346: 2324: 2314: 2292: 2282: 2263:Son of Shu-Ninua 2260: 2250: 2231:Son of Shu-Ninua 2228: 2218: 2196: 2186: 2160: 2150: 2124: 2114: 2092: 2082: 2060: 2050: 2028: 2018: 1996: 1986: 1931: 1930: 1922: 1900: 1878: 1856: 1834: 1812: 1807: 1785: 1778: 1756: 1751: 1715: 1714: 1706: 1701: 1679: 1674: 1652: 1647: 1625: 1615: 1593: 1583: 1523: 1522: 1517:Son of Naram-Sin 1514: 1504: 1482: 1472: 1443: 1433: 1411: 1401: 1375:Son of Erishum I 1372: 1362: 1343:Son of Ilu-shuma 1340: 1330: 1301: 1296: 1274: 1269: 1244: 1239: 1181: 1180: 1172: 1055:Status and notes 922:, son of Apiashal 657:Tukulti-Ninurta I 590:lower Mesopotamia 544:Shamash-shum-ukin 463:Shamash-shum-ukin 461:Text and seal of 202:Ancient Near East 166: 165: 141:Last monarch 136: 128: 120: 81:Relief depicting 16:(Redirected from 10628: 10373: 10366: 10359: 10350: 10349: 10195:Sumerian cuisine 10185:Warfare in Sumer 10180:Economy of Sumer 9833: 9832: 9823: 9707:Fertile Crescent 9691:Sinjar Mountains 9686:Hamrin Mountains 9681:Zagros Mountains 9659:Taurus Mountains 9624: 9623: 9604: 9597: 9590: 9581: 9580: 9569:Ashur-uballit II 9559:Sin-shumu-lishir 9554:Ashur-etil-ilani 9489:Ashurnasirpal II 9470: 9367:Ashur-nirari III 9362:Ashur-nadin-apli 9323: 9319: 9241:Shamshi-Adad III 9058: 9054: 9014:Kings of Assyria 9008: 9001: 8994: 8985: 8984: 8979: 8977: 8975: 8959: 8957: 8955: 8939: 8937: 8935: 8919: 8917: 8915: 8899: 8897: 8895: 8879: 8877: 8876: 8860: 8858: 8856: 8831: 8821: 8811: 8788: 8755: 8734: 8725: 8704: 8697:"Parthian Assur" 8691: 8665: 8655: 8645: 8635: 8616: 8595: 8574: 8545: 8526: 8485: 8466: 8445: 8428: 8409: 8392: 8351: 8330: 8320: 8310: 8265: 8244: 8215: 8198:(1–2): 243–267. 8182: 8161: 8140: 8119: 8098: 8087: 8066: 8045: 8034: 8013: 7992: 7980: 7969: 7955: 7945: 7924: 7903: 7880: 7859: 7822: 7797: 7778: 7749: 7728: 7715:Brill Publishers 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6010: 6004: 5998: 5992: 5986: 5980: 5974: 5965: 5955: 5949: 5943: 5937: 5931: 5922: 5916: 5903: 5897: 5888: 5882: 5876: 5870: 5864: 5858: 5852: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5823: 5817: 5811: 5805: 5799: 5793: 5787: 5781: 5775: 5769: 5763: 5757: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5713: 5707: 5672: 5666: 5657: 5647: 5641: 5635: 5624: 5618: 5609: 5603: 5594: 5588: 5582: 5576: 5570: 5564: 5558: 5552: 5546: 5540: 5534: 5528: 5522: 5516: 5505: 5499: 5493: 5487: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5448: 5442: 5436: 5425: 5419: 5413: 5407: 5392: 5386: 5380: 5374: 5368: 5362: 5356: 5350: 5344: 5338: 5332: 5326: 5317: 5311: 5305: 5299: 5293: 5287: 5281: 5275: 5262: 5256: 5250: 5244: 5238: 5232: 5226: 5220: 5214: 5208: 5202: 5196: 5171: 5165: 5159: 5150: 5125: 5110: 5104: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5085: 5078: 5072: 5065: 5059: 5057: 5055: 5041: 5032: 5021: 5019: 5010: 5008: 4997: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4974: 4968: 4965: 4959: 4955: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4933: 4931: 4922: 4920: 4909: 4903: 4901: 4894: 4888: 4880: 4874: 4870: 4864: 4862: 4856: 4850: 4843: 4837: 4833: 4822: 4818: 4809: 4798: 4792: 4781: 4775: 4768: 4759: 4752: 4741: 4739: 4729: 4722: 4671: 4666: 4648: 4634: 4629: 4611: 4607: 4602: 4586: 4582: 4577: 4561: 4556: 4550: 4545: 4524: 4523: 4511: 4502: 4413: 4407: 4402: 4398:Aššur-uballiṭ II 4370: 4364: 4359: 4330: 4322: 4317: 4308: 4285: 4279: 4277:Aššur-etil-ilāni 4274: 4270:Aššur-etil-ilāni 4249: 4243: 4238: 4229: 4210: 4204: 4202:Aššur-aḫa-iddina 4199: 4190: 4163: 4157: 4152: 4143: 4116: 4110: 4105: 4096: 4069: 4068: 4065:Sargonid dynasty 4039: 4033: 4028: 4019: 4000: 3994: 3989: 3980: 3961: 3955: 3950: 3929: 3923: 3918: 3897: 3891: 3886: 3861: 3855: 3850: 3841: 3814: 3808: 3803: 3794: 3775: 3769: 3764: 3755: 3728: 3722: 3720:Aššur-nāṣir-apli 3717: 3713:Ashurnasirpal II 3708: 3692: 3686: 3681: 3663: 3657: 3652: 3592: 3586: 3581: 3563: 3557: 3552: 3534: 3528: 3523: 3505: 3499: 3494: 3476: 3470: 3465: 3447: 3441: 3436: 3418: 3412: 3410:Aššur-nāṣir-apli 3407: 3389: 3383: 3378: 3360: 3354: 3349: 3331: 3325: 3320: 3302: 3296: 3294:Ašarēd-apil-Ekur 3291: 3273: 3267: 3262: 3253: 3237: 3231: 3226: 3208: 3205: 3199: 3194: 3176: 3173: 3167: 3162: 3144: 3141: 3135: 3130: 3112: 3109: 3103: 3098: 3080: 3077: 3071: 3066: 3048: 3045: 3039: 3034: 3030:Ashur-nirari III 3016: 3013: 3007: 3005:Aššūr-nādin-apli 3002: 2998:Ashur-nadin-apli 2984: 2981: 2975: 2970: 2961: 2945: 2942: 2936: 2931: 2913: 2910: 2904: 2899: 2881: 2878: 2872: 2867: 2849: 2846: 2840: 2835: 2822: 2812: 2809: 2803: 2798: 2770: 2767: 2761: 2756: 2738: 2735: 2729: 2727:Aššur-nādin-ahhē 2724: 2706: 2703: 2697: 2695:Aššūr-rem-nīšēšu 2692: 2674: 2671: 2665: 2663:Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu 2660: 2642: 2639: 2633: 2628: 2610: 2607: 2601: 2596: 2578: 2575: 2569: 2567:Aššur-nādin-ahhē 2564: 2546: 2543: 2537: 2532: 2514: 2511: 2505: 2500: 2482: 2479: 2473: 2468: 2450: 2447: 2441: 2436: 2418: 2415: 2409: 2404: 2386: 2383: 2377: 2372: 2354: 2351: 2345: 2340: 2336:Shamshi-Adad III 2322: 2319: 2313: 2308: 2290: 2287: 2281: 2276: 2258: 2255: 2249: 2244: 2226: 2223: 2217: 2212: 2194: 2191: 2185: 2180: 2158: 2155: 2149: 2144: 2127:Son of Bel-bani 2122: 2119: 2113: 2108: 2090: 2087: 2081: 2076: 2058: 2055: 2049: 2044: 2031:Son of Bel-bani 2026: 2023: 2017: 2012: 1994: 1991: 1985: 1980: 1944: 1943: 1921: 1916: 1899: 1894: 1877: 1872: 1855: 1850: 1833: 1828: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1781: 1777: 1772: 1754: 1750: 1745: 1722: 1721: 1704: 1700: 1695: 1677: 1673: 1668: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1623: 1620: 1614: 1609: 1591: 1588: 1582: 1577: 1568: 1544: 1543: 1536: 1513:(20 or 10 years) 1512: 1509: 1503: 1498: 1481:(54 or 44 years) 1480: 1477: 1471: 1466: 1457: 1446:Son of Sargon I 1441: 1438: 1432: 1427: 1409: 1406: 1400: 1395: 1386: 1370: 1367: 1361: 1356: 1338: 1335: 1329: 1324: 1315: 1299: 1295: 1290: 1272: 1268: 1263: 1242: 1238: 1233: 1197: 1196: 1192: 1170: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1036: 964:, son of Yakmeni 958:, son of Yakmesi 952:, son of Ilu-Mer 798: 795: 793: 768: 765: 763: 728: 726: 718:745–727 BC) and 717: 715: 679: 677: 668: 665: 663: 635: 633: 596:and the goddess 563: 561: 552: 550: 527: 521: 509: 499: 487: 426: 424: 415: 413: 404: 402: 393: 381:ancient Egyptian 367: 351:-officials (the 349: 276:Ashur-uballit II 268:ancient Egyptian 238: 228: 187: 181: 145:Ashur-uballit II 134: 126: 118: 91: 89: 79: 59: 50: 49: 44: 43: 35: 29: 28: 21: 10636: 10635: 10631: 10630: 10629: 10627: 10626: 10625: 10596: 10595: 10594: 10589: 10574: 10548:King of Babylon 10538:King of Assyria 10516: 10478: 10430: 10398:šar kiššat nišē 10382: 10377: 10347: 10342: 10301: 10255: 10229: 10138:Culture/society 10133: 10026: 10022:Muslim conquest 9992:Fall of Babylon 9923: 9824: 9811: 9695: 9613: 9608: 9578: 9573: 9504:Adad-nirari III 9494:Shalmaneser III 9469: 9461: 9437:Ashur-nirari IV 9427:Ashurnasirpal I 9422:Shamshi-Adad IV 9332:Ashur-uballit I 9318: 9310: 9286:Ashur-nirari II 9251:Puzur-Ashur III 9231:Shamshi-Adad II 9053: 9045: 9044: 9015: 9012: 8982: 8973: 8971: 8953: 8951: 8933: 8931: 8913: 8911: 8893: 8891: 8874: 8872: 8854: 8852: 8839: 8834: 8819: 8808: 8752: 8722: 8663: 8643: 8632: 8613: 8592: 8557:(10): 128–130. 8542: 8482: 8425: 8348: 8318: 8262: 8179: 8158: 8137: 8116: 8084: 8063: 8055:. Eisenbrauns. 8031: 8010: 7989: 7953: 7942: 7921: 7900: 7877: 7840:10.2307/3642789 7794: 7767: 7746: 7725: 7700: 7679: 7658: 7635: 7550: 7528: 7478: 7457: 7403: 7382: 7361: 7342: 7321: 7287: 7242: 7204: 7199: 7191: 7187: 7175: 7171: 7163: 7159: 7147: 7143: 7135: 7131: 7123: 7114: 7106: 7102: 7094: 7090: 7082: 7078: 7070: 7066: 7060:Schippmann 2012 7058: 7054: 7046: 7039: 7031: 7027: 7019: 7012: 7004: 7000: 6992: 6988: 6980: 6976: 6968: 6964: 6956: 6952: 6944:, p. 264; 6932: 6928: 6920:, p. 243; 6916:, p. 200; 6912: 6908: 6900: 6896: 6888: 6884: 6876:, p. 256; 6872:, p. 172; 6868: 6864: 6856: 6852: 6844: 6840: 6832:, p. 200; 6828: 6824: 6816:, p. 123; 6808:, p. 200; 6804: 6800: 6792:, footnote 53; 6784:, p. 200; 6780: 6776: 6768:, p. 202; 6760:, p. 200; 6756: 6752: 6736: 6732: 6720:, p. 389; 6716:, p. 200; 6712: 6708: 6692:, p. 200; 6688: 6684: 6676: 6672: 6664:, p. 239; 6660:, p. 200; 6656: 6652: 6644: 6640: 6632:, p. 200; 6628: 6621: 6613:, p. 199; 6609: 6605: 6597:, p. 349; 6593:, p. 199; 6589: 6585: 6577:, p. 115; 6573:, p. 199; 6569: 6565: 6557:, p. 115; 6553:, p. 199; 6549: 6545: 6537:, p. 199; 6533: 6529: 6521:, p. 199; 6517: 6513: 6505: 6501: 6493:, p. 199; 6489: 6485: 6477: 6473: 6465: 6461: 6453: 6449: 6441: 6437: 6429: 6422: 6414: 6410: 6402:, p. 199; 6398: 6389: 6381:, p. 199; 6377: 6373: 6365: 6308: 6300:, p. 198; 6296: 6292: 6280:, p. 198; 6276: 6272: 6264: 6255: 6247:, p. 198; 6243: 6230: 6222: 6218: 6211: 6195: 6191: 6183:, p. 198; 6179: 6170: 6162:, p. 198; 6158: 6154: 6146:, p. 198; 6142: 6135: 6123:, p. 198; 6119: 6115: 6107:, p. 198; 6103: 6099: 6091:, p. 198; 6087: 6078: 6070:, p. 198; 6066: 6062: 6054:, p. 198; 6050: 6043: 6035: 6031: 6023: 6019: 6011: 6007: 5999: 5995: 5987: 5983: 5975: 5968: 5956: 5952: 5944: 5940: 5932: 5925: 5917: 5906: 5898: 5891: 5883: 5879: 5871: 5867: 5859: 5855: 5847: 5843: 5835: 5826: 5818: 5814: 5806: 5802: 5794: 5790: 5782: 5778: 5770: 5766: 5758: 5751: 5743: 5739: 5731: 5716: 5708: 5675: 5667: 5660: 5652:, p. 197; 5648: 5644: 5636: 5627: 5619: 5612: 5604: 5597: 5589: 5585: 5577: 5573: 5565: 5561: 5553: 5549: 5541: 5537: 5529: 5525: 5517: 5508: 5504:, pp. 2–6. 5500: 5496: 5488: 5481: 5473: 5469: 5461: 5457: 5451:Lendering 2006b 5449: 5445: 5437: 5428: 5420: 5416: 5408: 5395: 5387: 5383: 5377:Luckenbill 1927 5375: 5371: 5363: 5359: 5351: 5347: 5339: 5335: 5327: 5320: 5312: 5308: 5300: 5296: 5288: 5284: 5276: 5265: 5257: 5253: 5245: 5241: 5237:, p. 1–27. 5233: 5229: 5221: 5217: 5209: 5205: 5197: 5174: 5166: 5162: 5151: 5138: 5134: 5129: 5128: 5111: 5107: 5101: 5097: 5092: 5088: 5079: 5075: 5066: 5062: 5052: 5042: 5035: 5016: 5005: 4998: 4991: 4985: 4981: 4975: 4971: 4966: 4962: 4956: 4949: 4939: 4938:used 24 years ( 4928: 4917: 4910: 4906: 4895: 4891: 4881: 4877: 4871: 4867: 4844: 4840: 4834: 4825: 4819: 4812: 4799: 4795: 4782: 4778: 4769: 4762: 4753: 4744: 4723: 4719: 4714: 4689: 4675:2nd century AD 4665: 4652:2nd century AD 4638:2nd century AD 4628: 4601: 4576: 4544: 4518: 4508:in the region, 4506:Sasanian Empire 4478:Assyrian people 4451: 4445: 4440: 4427:Siege of Harran 4412: 4401: 4388:fall of Nineveh 4369: 4358: 4329: 4323: 4316: 4284: 4273: 4248: 4241:Aššur-bāni-apli 4237: 4209: 4198: 4162: 4151: 4115: 4104: 4067: 4061: 4038: 4027: 3999: 3988: 3960: 3949: 3928: 3917: 3896: 3885: 3860: 3849: 3846:Adad-nirari III 3823:in a civil war 3821:Ashur-danin-pal 3813: 3802: 3774: 3763: 3760:Shalmaneser III 3727: 3716: 3691: 3684:Tukultī-Ninurta 3680: 3662: 3651: 3591: 3580: 3562: 3551: 3533: 3522: 3504: 3493: 3475: 3464: 3461:Ashur-nirari IV 3446: 3435: 3417: 3406: 3403:Ashurnasirpal I 3388: 3377: 3374:Shamshi-Adad IV 3359: 3348: 3330: 3319: 3301: 3290: 3272: 3261: 3236: 3225: 3207: 3193: 3175: 3161: 3143: 3129: 3111: 3097: 3079: 3065: 3047: 3033: 3015: 3001: 2983: 2973:Tukultī-Ninurta 2969: 2944: 2930: 2912: 2898: 2880: 2866: 2848: 2834: 2811: 2797: 2794:Ashur-uballit I 2769: 2755: 2737: 2723: 2705: 2691: 2673: 2659: 2641: 2627: 2624:Ashur-nirari II 2609: 2595: 2577: 2563: 2545: 2531: 2519:Son of Nur-ili 2513: 2499: 2481: 2467: 2449: 2435: 2417: 2403: 2400:Puzur-Ashur III 2385: 2371: 2353: 2339: 2321: 2307: 2289: 2275: 2272:Shamshi-Adad II 2257: 2243: 2225: 2211: 2193: 2179: 2157: 2143: 2121: 2107: 2089: 2075: 2057: 2043: 2025: 2011: 1993: 1979: 1936: 1915: 1893: 1871: 1849: 1827: 1800: 1783: 1771: 1744: 1720: 1694: 1667: 1640: 1622: 1608: 1590: 1576: 1528: 1511: 1497: 1479: 1465: 1440: 1426: 1408: 1394: 1369: 1355: 1337: 1323: 1289: 1262: 1232: 1222:, 2025–1364 BC 1186: 1149: 1104: 1078: 1021: 1016: 1015: 979: 946:, son of Hayani 938: 937: 934:, son of Samani 907: 904:, son of Ushpia 866: 790: 760: 752: 747: 741: 736: 723: 712: 698: 674: 660: 630: 619: 558: 547: 482:Akkadian Empire 455: 449: 433:Ashur-nirari II 421: 410: 399: 396:Ashurnasirpal I 310: 305: 288:Assyrian people 231:Ashur-uballit I 170:king of Assyria 154:21st century BC 133: 131:Ashur-uballit I 129: 125: 121: 117: 93: 86: 66: 45: 33: 23: 22: 18:Adaside dynasty 15: 12: 11: 5: 10634: 10624: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10606:Assyrian kings 10591: 10590: 10588: 10587: 10579: 10576: 10575: 10573: 10572: 10565: 10562:šar māt Šumeri 10555: 10545: 10535: 10532:šar māt Akkadi 10524: 10522: 10518: 10517: 10515: 10514: 10507: 10497: 10486: 10484: 10480: 10479: 10477: 10476: 10469: 10459: 10449: 10438: 10436: 10432: 10431: 10429: 10428: 10421: 10411: 10401: 10390: 10388: 10384: 10383: 10376: 10375: 10368: 10361: 10353: 10344: 10343: 10341: 10340: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10318:Assyriologists 10315: 10309: 10307: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10299: 10294: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10263: 10261: 10257: 10256: 10254: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10237: 10235: 10231: 10230: 10228: 10227: 10225:List of rulers 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10141: 10139: 10135: 10134: 10132: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10116: 10114:Proto-Armenian 10111: 10106: 10101: 10099:Middle Persian 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10040: 10038: 10032: 10031: 10028: 10027: 10025: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9987:Neo-Babylonian 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9967:Old Babylonian 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9937:Early Dynastic 9933: 9931: 9925: 9924: 9922: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9852: 9847: 9841: 9839: 9830: 9826: 9825: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9812: 9810: 9809: 9804: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9703: 9701: 9697: 9696: 9694: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9677: 9676: 9671: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9630: 9628: 9621: 9615: 9614: 9607: 9606: 9599: 9592: 9584: 9575: 9574: 9572: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9536: 9531: 9526: 9521: 9519:Ashur-nirari V 9516: 9511: 9509:Shalmaneser IV 9506: 9501: 9499:Shamshi-Adad V 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9479:Adad-nirari II 9475: 9473: 9463: 9462: 9460: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9432:Shalmaneser II 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9412:Ashur-bel-kala 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9392:Mutakkil-Nusku 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9328: 9326: 9312: 9311: 9309: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9281:Enlil-Nasir II 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9246:Ashur-nirari I 9243: 9238: 9236:Ishme-Dagan II 9233: 9228: 9223: 9221:Sharma-Adad II 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9177: 9171: 9165: 9159: 9153: 9150:Ashur-apla-idi 9147: 9142: 9137: 9131: 9125: 9119: 9114: 9112:Shamshi-Adad I 9109: 9104: 9099: 9097:Puzur-Ashur II 9094: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9063: 9061: 9047: 9046: 9043: 9042: 9040:Later kingship 9037: 9032: 9027: 9021: 9020: 9017: 9016: 9011: 9010: 9003: 8996: 8988: 8981: 8980: 8960: 8940: 8920: 8900: 8880: 8861: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8832: 8812: 8807:978-1575067612 8806: 8789: 8756: 8751:978-3727816239 8750: 8735: 8726: 8721:978-1440853524 8720: 8705: 8692: 8656: 8636: 8630: 8622:Ancient Turkey 8617: 8611: 8596: 8591:978-0521070515 8590: 8575: 8563:10.1086/371028 8546: 8541:978-0140125238 8540: 8527: 8507:10.1086/468883 8486: 8481:978-0714121413 8480: 8467: 8457:(2): 255–265. 8446: 8429: 8424:978-0198715900 8423: 8410: 8393: 8352: 8347:978-0567054098 8346: 8331: 8311: 8277:(3): 357–386. 8266: 8261:978-3111033587 8260: 8245: 8216: 8183: 8178:978-0806154039 8177: 8162: 8157:978-3110100518 8156: 8141: 8135: 8120: 8114: 8099: 8088: 8083:978-0415679060 8082: 8067: 8062:978-1575060958 8061: 8046: 8035: 8030:978-0810863248 8029: 8014: 8009:978-1884964039 8008: 7993: 7987: 7970: 7946: 7940: 7925: 7919: 7904: 7899:978-8779346529 7898: 7881: 7876:978-1118325247 7875: 7860: 7823: 7798: 7792: 7779: 7765: 7750: 7745:978-1118325247 7744: 7729: 7724:978-9004265615 7723: 7704: 7699:978-1780760636 7698: 7683: 7678:978-1108778701 7677: 7662: 7657:978-3868351019 7656: 7639: 7634:978-1315686561 7633: 7618: 7595: 7583:10.1086/669098 7575:10.1086/669098 7554: 7549:978-1628371772 7548: 7533: 7519: 7482: 7477:978-9004430914 7476: 7461: 7455: 7440: 7407: 7401: 7386: 7381:978-0195183641 7380: 7365: 7359: 7346: 7341:978-1405188999 7340: 7325: 7320:978-0393059748 7319: 7304: 7291: 7286:978-0521514170 7285: 7267: 7246: 7241:978-3111033587 7240: 7225: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7197: 7185: 7179:, p. 20; 7169: 7157: 7151:, p. 13; 7141: 7129: 7112: 7100: 7088: 7076: 7064: 7052: 7037: 7035:, p. 170. 7025: 7010: 6998: 6996:, p. 236. 6986: 6974: 6972:, p. 141. 6962: 6950: 6948:, p. 128. 6926: 6924:, p. 135. 6906: 6904:, p. 255. 6894: 6882: 6878:Lipschits 2005 6862: 6850: 6838: 6822: 6820:, p. 121. 6798: 6796:, p. 135. 6774: 6772:, p. 166. 6764:, p. 29; 6750: 6744:, p. 56; 6730: 6706: 6700:, p. 28; 6694:Davenport 2016 6682: 6680:, p. 390. 6670: 6666:Davenport 2016 6650: 6646:Davenport 2016 6638: 6636:, p. 239. 6619: 6617:, p. 200. 6603: 6583: 6581:, p. 103. 6563: 6543: 6541:, p. 115. 6527: 6525:, p. 161. 6511: 6509:, p. 190. 6499: 6497:, p. 227. 6483: 6481:, p. 362. 6471: 6469:, p. 115. 6459: 6457:, p. 203. 6447: 6445:, p. 158. 6435: 6420: 6408: 6404:Lendering 2006 6387: 6385:, p. 114. 6371: 6369:, p. 199. 6306: 6302:Lendering 2006 6290: 6288:, p. xvi. 6282:Lendering 2006 6270: 6268:, p. 147. 6253: 6251:, p. xvi. 6228: 6216: 6209: 6189: 6187:, p. 355. 6168: 6152: 6133: 6127:, p. 92; 6113: 6097: 6095:, p. 104. 6076: 6060: 6041: 6029: 6027:, p. 191. 6017: 6005: 5993: 5981: 5979:, p. 120. 5966: 5964:, p. 148. 5950: 5938: 5936:, p. 148. 5923: 5904: 5889: 5877: 5865: 5863:, p. 251. 5853: 5841: 5839:, p. xvi. 5824: 5812: 5810:, p. 115. 5800: 5798:, p. 114. 5788: 5786:, p. 103. 5776: 5772:Eppihimer 2013 5764: 5749: 5747:, p. 118. 5737: 5735:, p. 200. 5714: 5712:, p. 198. 5673: 5671:, p. 197. 5658: 5656:, p. 276. 5642: 5625: 5610: 5608:, p. 276. 5595: 5583: 5579:Eppihimer 2013 5571: 5559: 5547: 5535: 5523: 5506: 5494: 5492:, p. 117. 5479: 5467: 5465:, p. 187. 5455: 5443: 5441:, p. 119. 5426: 5414: 5393: 5381: 5379:, p. 211. 5369: 5357: 5345: 5333: 5318: 5306: 5294: 5292:, p. 193. 5282: 5263: 5251: 5239: 5227: 5215: 5203: 5199:Lendering 2006 5172: 5160: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5127: 5126: 5105: 5095: 5086: 5073: 5060: 5058:1351–1334 BC). 5033: 5024:historiography 4989: 4979: 4969: 4960: 4947: 4904: 4889: 4875: 4865: 4838: 4823: 4810: 4793: 4776: 4760: 4742: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4708: 4702: 4696: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4673: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4650: 4645: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4609: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4584: 4580:Rāʾeḥat Hayyay 4570: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4559: 4538: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4528: 4517: 4514: 4470:Neo-Babylonian 4447:Main article: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4423: 4416: 4409: 4393: 4392: 4390: 4376: 4373: 4366: 4350: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4333: 4326: 4320:Sîn-šumu-līšir 4313:Sîn-šumu-līšir 4309: 4301: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4281: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4252: 4245: 4230: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4213: 4206: 4191: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4169: 4166: 4159: 4155:Sîn-aḥḥē-erība 4144: 4136: 4135: 4133: 4122: 4119: 4112: 4097: 4089: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4073: 4063:Main article: 4060: 4057: 4054: 4053: 4051: 4045: 4042: 4035: 4031:Salmānu-ašarēd 4020: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4003: 3996: 3981: 3973: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3957: 3946:Ashur-nirari V 3941: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3925: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3893: 3889:Salmānu-ašarēd 3882:Shalmaneser IV 3877: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3864: 3857: 3842: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3824: 3817: 3810: 3799:Shamshi-Adad V 3795: 3787: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3771: 3767:Salmānu-ašarēd 3756: 3748: 3747: 3745: 3734: 3731: 3724: 3709: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3688: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3659: 3648:Adad-nirari II 3643: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3611: 3610: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3588: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3559: 3543: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3530: 3526:Aššur-rēša-iši 3514: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3501: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3474:1018 – 1013 BC 3472: 3456: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3445:1030 – 1019 BC 3443: 3439:Salmānu-ašarēd 3432:Shalmaneser II 3427: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3416:1049 – 1031 BC 3414: 3398: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3387:1053 – 1050 BC 3385: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3358:1055 – 1054 BC 3356: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3329:1073 – 1056 BC 3327: 3323:Aššūr-bēl-kala 3316:Ashur-bel-kala 3311: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3300:1075 – 1074 BC 3298: 3282: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3271:1114 – 1076 BC 3269: 3254: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3235:1132 – 1115 BC 3233: 3229:Aššur-rēša-iši 3217: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3201: 3197:Mutakkil-Nusku 3190:Mutakkil-Nusku 3185: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3169: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3142:1178 – 1133 BC 3137: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3110:1191 – 1179 BC 3105: 3089: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3078:1196 – 1192 BC 3073: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3046:1202 – 1197 BC 3041: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3014:1206 – 1203 BC 3009: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2982:1243 – 1207 BC 2977: 2962: 2954: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2943:1273 – 1244 BC 2938: 2934:Salmānu-ašarēd 2922: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2911:1305 – 1274 BC 2906: 2890: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2879:1317 – 1306 BC 2874: 2858: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2847:1327 – 1318 BC 2842: 2826: 2825: 2823: 2815: 2810:1363 – 1328 BC 2805: 2789: 2788: 2787:, 1363–912 BC 2779: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2768:1390 – 1364 BC 2763: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2736:1400 – 1391 BC 2731: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2704:1408 – 1401 BC 2699: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2672:1417 – 1409 BC 2667: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2640:1424 – 1418 BC 2635: 2619: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2608:1430 – 1425 BC 2603: 2592:Enlil-nasir II 2587: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2576:1452 – 1431 BC 2571: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2544:1472 – 1453 BC 2539: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2507: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2480:1484 – 1473 BC 2475: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2448:1497 – 1485 BC 2443: 2427: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2416:1521 – 1498 BC 2411: 2395: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2384:1547 – 1522 BC 2379: 2368:Ashur-nirari I 2363: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2352:1563 – 1548 BC 2347: 2331: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2320:1579 – 1564 BC 2315: 2304:Ishme-Dagan II 2299: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2288:1585 – 1580 BC 2283: 2267: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2256:1598 – 1586 BC 2251: 2235: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2224:1601 – 1599 BC 2219: 2208:Sharma-Adad II 2203: 2202: 2200: 2199:Son of Bazaya 2197: 2192:1615 – 1602 BC 2187: 2171: 2170: 2167: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2156:1621 – 1616 BC 2151: 2135: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2120:1649 – 1622 BC 2115: 2099: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2088:1661 – 1650 BC 2083: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2063:Son of Libaya 2061: 2056:1673 – 1662 BC 2051: 2035: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2024:1690 – 1674 BC 2019: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1992:1700 – 1691 BC 1987: 1971: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1885: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1863: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1841: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1808: 1804:Aššur-apla-idi 1797:Ashur-apla-idi 1792: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1779: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1752: 1736: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1702: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1675: 1659: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1648: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1621:1775 – 1765 BC 1616: 1600: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1589:1808 – 1776 BC 1584: 1573:Shamshi-Adad I 1569: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1505: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1473: 1458: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1439:1880 – 1873 BC 1434: 1423:Puzur-Ashur II 1418: 1417: 1415: 1414:Son of Ikunum 1412: 1407:1920 – 1881 BC 1402: 1387: 1379: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1368:1934 – 1921 BC 1363: 1347: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1336:1974 – 1935 BC 1331: 1316: 1308: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1297: 1281: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1270: 1254: 1253: 1251: 1245: 1240: 1224: 1223: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1168: 1162: 1161: 1159: 1142: 1137: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1088: 1071: 1066: 1060: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1003: 1002:, son of Aminu 996: 978: 977: 971: 965: 959: 953: 947: 940: 939: 936: 935: 929: 923: 916: 906: 905: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 868: 867: 865: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 808: 787:Shamshi-Adad I 751: 748: 740: 737: 735: 734:Assyrian kings 732: 697: 694: 618: 615: 448: 445: 437:Enlil-Nasir II 389:Shamshi-Adad I 309: 306: 304: 301: 164: 163: 160: 156: 155: 152: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 112: 108: 107: 103: 102: 99: 98: 95: 94: 80: 72: 71: 68: 67: 60: 52: 51: 37: 36: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10633: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10585: 10581: 10580: 10577: 10571: 10570: 10566: 10563: 10559: 10558:King of Sumer 10556: 10553: 10549: 10546: 10543: 10542:šar māt Aššur 10539: 10536: 10533: 10529: 10528:King of Akkad 10526: 10525: 10523: 10519: 10513: 10512: 10508: 10505: 10504:šarrum dannum 10501: 10498: 10495: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10485: 10481: 10475: 10474: 10470: 10467: 10463: 10460: 10457: 10453: 10450: 10447: 10443: 10442:King of Kings 10440: 10439: 10437: 10433: 10427: 10426: 10422: 10419: 10415: 10412: 10409: 10405: 10402: 10399: 10395: 10392: 10391: 10389: 10385: 10381: 10374: 10369: 10367: 10362: 10360: 10355: 10354: 10351: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10308: 10304: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10264: 10262: 10258: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10242: 10239: 10238: 10236: 10232: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10142: 10140: 10136: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10041: 10039: 10037: 10033: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9934: 9932: 9930: 9926: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9842: 9840: 9838: 9834: 9831: 9827: 9822: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9704: 9702: 9698: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9666: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9654:Syrian Desert 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9631: 9629: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9616: 9612: 9605: 9600: 9598: 9593: 9591: 9586: 9585: 9582: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9564:Sinsharishkun 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9529:Shalmaneser V 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9514:Ashur-dan III 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9476: 9474: 9468: 9464: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9442:Ashur-rabi II 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9417:Eriba-Adad II 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9352:Shalmaneser I 9350: 9348: 9347:Adad-nirari I 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9329: 9327: 9317: 9313: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9266:Ashur-shaduni 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9256:Enlil-nasir I 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9196:Sharma-Adad I 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9181: 9178: 9175: 9172: 9169: 9166: 9163: 9160: 9157: 9154: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9135: 9132: 9129: 9126: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9117:Ishme-Dagan I 9115: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9067:Puzur-Ashur I 9065: 9064: 9062: 9059:2025–1364 BC) 9052: 9048: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9022: 9018: 9009: 9004: 9002: 8997: 8995: 8990: 8989: 8986: 8970: 8966: 8961: 8950: 8946: 8941: 8930: 8926: 8921: 8910: 8906: 8901: 8890: 8886: 8881: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8851: 8847: 8842: 8841: 8829: 8825: 8818: 8813: 8809: 8803: 8799: 8795: 8790: 8786: 8782: 8778: 8774: 8770: 8766: 8762: 8757: 8753: 8747: 8743: 8742: 8736: 8732: 8727: 8723: 8717: 8713: 8712: 8706: 8702: 8698: 8693: 8689: 8685: 8681: 8677: 8673: 8669: 8662: 8657: 8653: 8649: 8642: 8637: 8633: 8627: 8624:. Routledge. 8623: 8618: 8614: 8612:1-57591-079-9 8608: 8604: 8603: 8597: 8593: 8587: 8583: 8582: 8576: 8572: 8568: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8552: 8547: 8543: 8537: 8533: 8528: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8512: 8508: 8504: 8500: 8496: 8492: 8487: 8483: 8477: 8473: 8468: 8464: 8460: 8456: 8452: 8447: 8443: 8439: 8435: 8430: 8426: 8420: 8416: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8399: 8394: 8390: 8386: 8382: 8378: 8374: 8370: 8366: 8362: 8358: 8353: 8349: 8343: 8339: 8338: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8317: 8312: 8308: 8304: 8300: 8296: 8292: 8288: 8284: 8280: 8276: 8272: 8267: 8263: 8257: 8253: 8252: 8246: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8230: 8226: 8222: 8217: 8213: 8209: 8205: 8201: 8197: 8193: 8189: 8184: 8180: 8174: 8170: 8169: 8163: 8159: 8153: 8149: 8148: 8142: 8138: 8136:1-57607-965-1 8132: 8128: 8127: 8121: 8117: 8115:0-89356-313-7 8111: 8107: 8106: 8100: 8096: 8095: 8089: 8085: 8079: 8076:. Routledge. 8075: 8074: 8068: 8064: 8058: 8054: 8053: 8047: 8043: 8042: 8036: 8032: 8026: 8022: 8021: 8015: 8011: 8005: 8001: 8000: 7994: 7990: 7984: 7981:. Routledge. 7979: 7978: 7971: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7952: 7947: 7943: 7941:1-57607-091-3 7937: 7933: 7932: 7926: 7922: 7920:0-87099-743-2 7916: 7912: 7911: 7905: 7901: 7895: 7891: 7887: 7882: 7878: 7872: 7868: 7867: 7861: 7857: 7853: 7849: 7845: 7841: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7824: 7820: 7816: 7812: 7808: 7804: 7799: 7795: 7793:0-8020-0886-0 7789: 7785: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7768: 7766:9783447013826 7762: 7758: 7757: 7751: 7747: 7741: 7737: 7736: 7730: 7726: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7711: 7705: 7701: 7695: 7691: 7690: 7684: 7680: 7674: 7670: 7669: 7663: 7659: 7653: 7649: 7645: 7640: 7636: 7630: 7626: 7625: 7619: 7616:(1): 133–158. 7615: 7611: 7607: 7604: 7596: 7592: 7588: 7584: 7580: 7576: 7572: 7568: 7564: 7560: 7555: 7551: 7545: 7541: 7540: 7534: 7527: 7526: 7520: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7488: 7483: 7479: 7473: 7469: 7468: 7462: 7458: 7456:0-931464-82-X 7452: 7448: 7447: 7441: 7437: 7433: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7418:(in German). 7417: 7413: 7408: 7404: 7402:3-525-53645-3 7398: 7394: 7393: 7387: 7383: 7377: 7373: 7372: 7366: 7362: 7356: 7352: 7347: 7343: 7337: 7333: 7332: 7326: 7322: 7316: 7312: 7311: 7305: 7301: 7297: 7292: 7288: 7282: 7278: 7277: 7272: 7268: 7264: 7260: 7256: 7252: 7247: 7243: 7237: 7233: 7232: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7213: 7207: 7206: 7195:, p. 11. 7194: 7189: 7183:, p. 11. 7182: 7178: 7173: 7167:, p. 42. 7166: 7161: 7154: 7150: 7145: 7139:, p. 15. 7138: 7133: 7126: 7121: 7119: 7117: 7110:, p. 19. 7109: 7104: 7097: 7092: 7085: 7080: 7074:, p. 18. 7073: 7068: 7061: 7056: 7050:, p. 20. 7049: 7044: 7042: 7034: 7029: 7022: 7017: 7015: 7007: 7002: 6995: 6990: 6984:, p. 18. 6983: 6978: 6971: 6966: 6960:, p. 20. 6959: 6954: 6947: 6943: 6939: 6935: 6930: 6923: 6919: 6915: 6910: 6903: 6898: 6891: 6886: 6880:, p. 13. 6879: 6875: 6871: 6866: 6860:, p. 48. 6859: 6854: 6848:, p. 40. 6847: 6842: 6835: 6831: 6826: 6819: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6802: 6795: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6778: 6771: 6767: 6763: 6759: 6754: 6747: 6743: 6742:Melville 2016 6739: 6734: 6727: 6723: 6719: 6715: 6710: 6703: 6699: 6695: 6691: 6686: 6679: 6674: 6668:, p. 36. 6667: 6663: 6659: 6654: 6647: 6642: 6635: 6631: 6626: 6624: 6616: 6612: 6607: 6600: 6599:Beaulieu 2018 6596: 6592: 6587: 6580: 6576: 6572: 6567: 6560: 6556: 6552: 6547: 6540: 6536: 6531: 6524: 6520: 6515: 6508: 6503: 6496: 6492: 6487: 6480: 6475: 6468: 6463: 6456: 6451: 6444: 6439: 6433:, p. 28. 6432: 6427: 6425: 6417: 6412: 6405: 6401: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6384: 6380: 6375: 6368: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6355: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6303: 6299: 6294: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6274: 6267: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6250: 6246: 6241: 6239: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6226:, p. 99. 6225: 6220: 6212: 6206: 6202: 6201: 6193: 6186: 6185:McIntosh 2005 6182: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6166:, p. 85. 6165: 6161: 6156: 6150:, p. 91. 6149: 6145: 6140: 6138: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6117: 6111:, p. 89. 6110: 6106: 6101: 6094: 6090: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6074:, p. 92. 6073: 6069: 6064: 6058:, p. 81. 6057: 6053: 6048: 6046: 6038: 6033: 6026: 6021: 6015:, p. 59. 6014: 6009: 6003:, p. 24. 6002: 5997: 5990: 5985: 5978: 5977:Chavalas 1994 5973: 5971: 5963: 5960:, p. 5; 5959: 5954: 5947: 5942: 5935: 5930: 5928: 5920: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5901: 5896: 5894: 5886: 5881: 5874: 5869: 5862: 5857: 5851:, p. 12. 5850: 5845: 5838: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5821: 5816: 5809: 5804: 5797: 5792: 5785: 5780: 5774:, p. 49. 5773: 5768: 5762:, p. 27. 5761: 5756: 5754: 5746: 5745:Chavalas 1994 5741: 5734: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5711: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5670: 5665: 5663: 5655: 5651: 5646: 5639: 5638:Highcock 2017 5634: 5632: 5630: 5623:, p. 20. 5622: 5617: 5615: 5607: 5602: 5600: 5593:, p. 11. 5592: 5587: 5581:, p. 36. 5580: 5575: 5568: 5563: 5556: 5551: 5544: 5539: 5532: 5527: 5520: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5503: 5498: 5491: 5490:Chavalas 1994 5486: 5484: 5477:, p. 19. 5476: 5471: 5464: 5459: 5452: 5447: 5440: 5439:Chavalas 1994 5435: 5433: 5431: 5423: 5418: 5411: 5406: 5404: 5402: 5400: 5398: 5390: 5389:Melville 2016 5385: 5378: 5373: 5367:, p. 28. 5366: 5361: 5355:, p. 21. 5354: 5349: 5343:, p. 12. 5342: 5341:Karlsson 2017 5337: 5330: 5329:Karlsson 2017 5325: 5323: 5316:, p. 73. 5315: 5310: 5303: 5302:Liverani 2013 5298: 5291: 5286: 5280:, p. 27. 5279: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5261:, p. 24. 5260: 5255: 5248: 5247:Meissner 1990 5243: 5236: 5231: 5225:, p. 89. 5224: 5219: 5212: 5207: 5200: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5169: 5164: 5157: 5155: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5136: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5109: 5099: 5090: 5083: 5077: 5070: 5064: 5050: 5047: 5040: 5038: 5029: 5025: 5014: 5003: 4996: 4994: 4983: 4973: 4964: 4954: 4952: 4937: 4926: 4915: 4914:Shalmaneser I 4908: 4900: 4893: 4886: 4879: 4869: 4861: 4855: 4849: 4842: 4832: 4830: 4828: 4817: 4815: 4807: 4803: 4797: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4773: 4767: 4765: 4757: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4738: 4737:šar māt Aššur 4733: 4728: 4727:Iššiʾak Aššur 4721: 4717: 4706: 4703: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4690: 4680: 4677: 4674: 4670: 4664: 4661: 4660: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4646: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4633: 4627: 4626: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4615: 4610: 4606: 4600: 4597: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4585: 4581: 4575: 4572: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4525: 4522: 4513: 4507: 4501: 4494: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4476:empires. The 4475: 4471: 4464: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4431: 4428: 4424: 4421: 4417: 4410: 4406: 4405:Aššur-uballiṭ 4400: 4399: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4374: 4367: 4363: 4362:Sîn-šar-iškun 4357: 4356: 4355:Sîn-šar-iškun 4351: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4334: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4314: 4310: 4307: 4303: 4302: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4282: 4278: 4272: 4271: 4266: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4253: 4246: 4242: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4207: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4192: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4167: 4160: 4156: 4150: 4149: 4145: 4142: 4138: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4127: 4126:Dur-Sharrukin 4123: 4120: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4095: 4091: 4090: 4070: 4066: 4052: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4036: 4032: 4026: 4025: 4024:Shalmaneser V 4021: 4018: 4014: 4013: 4010: 4007: 4004: 3997: 3993: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3979: 3975: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3958: 3954: 3948: 3947: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3926: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3914:Ashur-dan III 3910: 3907: 3904: 3901: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3883: 3878: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3865: 3858: 3854: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3840: 3836: 3835: 3832: 3829: 3825: 3822: 3818: 3811: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3796: 3793: 3789: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3772: 3768: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3754: 3750: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3742:Mediterranean 3739: 3735: 3732: 3725: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3710: 3707: 3703: 3702: 3699: 3689: 3685: 3679: 3678: 3673: 3670: 3660: 3656: 3650: 3649: 3644: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3616: 3612: 3609:, 911–609 BC 3608: 3607: 3602: 3599: 3589: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3573: 3570: 3560: 3556: 3550: 3549: 3544: 3541: 3531: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3515: 3512: 3503:1012 – 972 BC 3502: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3490:Ashur-rabi II 3486: 3483: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3462: 3457: 3454: 3444: 3440: 3434: 3433: 3428: 3425: 3415: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3399: 3396: 3386: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3370: 3367: 3357: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3345:Eriba-Adad II 3341: 3338: 3328: 3324: 3318: 3317: 3312: 3309: 3299: 3295: 3289: 3288: 3283: 3280: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3252: 3248: 3247: 3244: 3234: 3230: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3215: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3186: 3183: 3170: 3166: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3151: 3138: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3119: 3106: 3102: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3087: 3074: 3070: 3064: 3063: 3058: 3055: 3042: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3023: 3010: 3006: 3000: 2999: 2994: 2991: 2978: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2960: 2956: 2955: 2952: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2927:Shalmaneser I 2923: 2920: 2907: 2903: 2897: 2896: 2895:Adad-nirari I 2891: 2888: 2875: 2871: 2865: 2864: 2859: 2856: 2843: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2820:šar māt Aššur 2806: 2802: 2801:Aššur-uballiṭ 2796: 2795: 2790: 2786: 2785: 2780: 2777: 2764: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2748: 2745: 2732: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2716: 2713: 2700: 2696: 2690: 2689: 2684: 2681: 2668: 2664: 2658: 2657: 2652: 2649: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2620: 2617: 2604: 2600: 2594: 2593: 2588: 2585: 2572: 2568: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2553: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2529: 2524: 2521: 2508: 2504: 2503:Aššur-šaddûni 2498: 2497: 2496:Ashur-shaduni 2492: 2489: 2476: 2472: 2466: 2465: 2460: 2457: 2444: 2440: 2434: 2433: 2432:Enlil-nasir I 2428: 2425: 2412: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2396: 2393: 2380: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2364: 2361: 2348: 2344: 2338: 2337: 2332: 2329: 2316: 2312: 2306: 2305: 2300: 2297: 2284: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2268: 2265: 2252: 2248: 2242: 2241: 2236: 2233: 2220: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2204: 2201: 2188: 2184: 2178: 2177: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2152: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2136: 2132: 2129: 2116: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2100: 2097: 2084: 2080: 2074: 2073: 2068: 2065: 2052: 2048: 2042: 2041: 2040:Sharma-Adad I 2036: 2033: 2020: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2004: 2001: 1999:Son of Adasi 1988: 1984: 1978: 1977: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1876: 1870: 1869: 1865: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1854: 1848: 1847: 1843: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1826: 1825: 1821: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1805: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1780: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1753: 1749: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1737: 1723: 1711: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1676: 1672: 1666: 1665: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1617: 1613: 1607: 1606: 1605:Ishme-Dagan I 1601: 1598: 1595: 1585: 1581: 1575: 1574: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1562: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1535: 1519: 1516: 1506: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1474: 1470: 1464: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1435: 1431: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1403: 1399: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1385: 1381: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1364: 1360: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1332: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1317: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1298: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1271: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1237: 1231: 1230: 1229:Puzur-Ashur I 1225: 1221: 1220: 1215: 1198: 1195: 1177: 1174: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1160: 1147: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1115: 1102: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1076: 1072: 1070: 1065: 1062: 1061: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1040:Iššiʾak Aššur 1035: 1030: 1029:Puzur-Ashur I 1026: 1012: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 993: 989: 988:Puzur-Ashur I 984: 983: 975: 972: 969: 966: 963: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 945: 942: 933: 930: 928:, son of Hale 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 911: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 814: 813: 812: 807: 804: 802: 788: 783: 779: 778: 771: 758: 746: 731: 721: 710: 705: 703: 702:ancient Egypt 693: 691: 687: 681: 672: 658: 653: 649: 647: 643: 628: 623: 613: 608: 605: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 569: 567: 556: 545: 540: 539: 534: 529: 526: 525:Iššiʾak Aššur 517: 513: 508: 503: 495: 491: 483: 476: 475:oryx antelope 472: 468: 464: 459: 454: 444: 442: 438: 434: 428: 427:727–722 BC). 419: 418:Shalmaneser V 408: 397: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 369: 363: 359: 354: 350: 348: 342: 338: 337:Dur-Sharrukin 334: 330: 323: 320:tablet, from 319: 314: 300: 298: 294: 289: 285: 284:Median Empire 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 252: 250: 246: 242: 237: 232: 227: 226:Iššiʾak Aššur 222: 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 186: 185:šar māt Aššur 180: 179:Iššiʾak Aššur 175: 171: 161: 157: 153: 149: 146: 143: 139: 132: 124: 123:Puzur-Ashur I 116: 113: 109: 104: 100: 96: 84: 78: 73: 69: 64: 58: 53: 48:šar māt Aššur 42:Iššiʾak Aššur 38: 30: 27: 19: 10567: 10561: 10551: 10541: 10537: 10531: 10509: 10503: 10493: 10471: 10465: 10455: 10445: 10423: 10418:šar kiššatim 10417: 10407: 10397: 10220:Royal titles 10145:Architecture 9982:Neo-Assyrian 9829:(Pre)history 9649:Persian Gulf 9549:Ashurbanipal 9471:(911–609 BC) 9457:Ashur-dan II 9342:Arik-den-ili 9337:Enlil-nirari 9324:1363–912 BC) 9306:Eriba-Adad I 9271:Ashur-rabi I 9030:Royal titles 9024: 8972:. Retrieved 8968: 8952:. Retrieved 8948: 8932:. Retrieved 8928: 8912:. Retrieved 8908: 8892:. Retrieved 8888: 8873:. Retrieved 8871:. 2018-06-19 8868: 8853:. Retrieved 8849: 8827: 8823: 8797: 8768: 8764: 8740: 8730: 8710: 8700: 8671: 8667: 8651: 8647: 8621: 8601: 8580: 8554: 8550: 8532:Ancient Iraq 8531: 8498: 8494: 8471: 8454: 8450: 8441: 8437: 8414: 8405: 8401: 8367:(1): 56–90. 8364: 8360: 8336: 8326: 8322: 8274: 8270: 8250: 8224: 8220: 8195: 8191: 8167: 8146: 8125: 8104: 8093: 8072: 8051: 8040: 8019: 7998: 7976: 7957: 7930: 7909: 7889: 7865: 7831: 7827: 7813:(1): 23–41. 7810: 7806: 7783: 7755: 7734: 7709: 7688: 7667: 7647: 7623: 7613: 7609: 7569:(1): 35–49. 7566: 7562: 7538: 7524: 7490: 7486: 7466: 7445: 7422:(1): 25–62. 7419: 7415: 7391: 7370: 7350: 7330: 7309: 7299: 7295: 7275: 7254: 7250: 7230: 7211: 7202:Bibliography 7188: 7172: 7160: 7155:, p. 8. 7153:Aggoula 1985 7144: 7132: 7127:, p. 8. 7125:Aggoula 1985 7103: 7091: 7079: 7067: 7055: 7048:Parpola 2004 7028: 7023:, p. 7. 7001: 6989: 6982:Parpola 2004 6977: 6965: 6953: 6929: 6918:Na'aman 1991 6909: 6902:Na'aman 1991 6897: 6885: 6874:Na'aman 1991 6865: 6853: 6841: 6834:Na'aman 1991 6825: 6810:Na'aman 1991 6801: 6777: 6753: 6733: 6726:Radner 2012b 6709: 6702:Radner 2012b 6685: 6673: 6662:Grayson 2002 6653: 6641: 6634:Grayson 2002 6615:Grayson 2002 6606: 6586: 6579:Bertman 2003 6566: 6546: 6530: 6514: 6502: 6486: 6474: 6462: 6450: 6443:Grayson 1972 6438: 6411: 6374: 6293: 6273: 6224:Bertman 2003 6219: 6199: 6192: 6164:Bertman 2003 6155: 6148:Bertman 2003 6131:, p. 6. 6125:Bertman 2003 6116: 6109:Bertman 2003 6100: 6093:Bertman 2003 6072:Bertman 2003 6063: 6056:Bertman 2003 6032: 6020: 6008: 5996: 5991:, p. 7. 5984: 5953: 5948:, p. 8. 5941: 5921:, p. 6. 5902:, p. 5. 5880: 5868: 5856: 5844: 5822:, p. 9. 5815: 5803: 5791: 5784:Bertman 2003 5779: 5767: 5760:Grayson 1972 5740: 5645: 5586: 5574: 5569:, p. 5. 5567:Grayson 1972 5562: 5557:, p. 3. 5555:Grayson 1972 5550: 5538: 5531:Grayson 1972 5526: 5521:, p. 2. 5519:Grayson 1972 5502:Grayson 1972 5497: 5470: 5458: 5446: 5417: 5384: 5372: 5360: 5348: 5336: 5331:, p. 1. 5314:Stevens 2014 5309: 5297: 5285: 5254: 5242: 5230: 5223:La Boda 1994 5218: 5206: 5163: 5153: 5108: 5098: 5089: 5081: 5076: 5068: 5063: 4982: 4972: 4963: 4907: 4892: 4878: 4868: 4851:from Assur. 4841: 4796: 4779: 4720: 4662: 4623: 4598: 4573: 4541: 4519: 4495: 4467: 4411:612 – 609 BC 4396: 4368:627 – 612 BC 4353: 4311: 4283:631 – 627 BC 4268: 4247:669 – 631 BC 4234:Ashurbanipal 4232: 4208:681 – 669 BC 4193: 4177:Arda-Mulissu 4161:705 – 681 BC 4146: 4114:722 – 705 BC 4099: 4037:727 – 722 BC 4022: 3998:745 – 727 BC 3983: 3959:755 – 745 BC 3953:Aššur-nārāri 3944: 3927:773 – 755 BC 3912: 3895:783 – 773 BC 3880: 3859:811 – 783 BC 3844: 3812:824 – 811 BC 3797: 3773:859 – 824 BC 3758: 3726:884 – 859 BC 3711: 3690:890 – 884 BC 3675: 3661:911 – 891 BC 3646: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3604: 3590:934 – 912 BC 3577:Ashur-dan II 3575: 3561:966 – 935 BC 3546: 3532:971 – 967 BC 3517: 3488: 3468:Aššur-nārāri 3459: 3430: 3401: 3372: 3343: 3314: 3285: 3256: 3220: 3188: 3156: 3124: 3092: 3060: 3037:Aššur-nārāri 3028: 2996: 2964: 2925: 2893: 2870:Arīk-den-ili 2863:Arik-den-ili 2861: 2838:Enlīl-nārāri 2831:Enlil-nirari 2829: 2792: 2782: 2752:Eriba-Adad I 2750: 2718: 2686: 2654: 2631:Aššur-nārāri 2622: 2590: 2558: 2528:Ashur-rabi I 2526: 2494: 2462: 2430: 2398: 2375:Aššur-nārāri 2366: 2334: 2302: 2270: 2238: 2206: 2174: 2138: 2102: 2070: 2038: 2006: 1974: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1939: 1937: 1910: 1888: 1866: 1844: 1822: 1795: 1766: 1739: 1689: 1663: 1635: 1603: 1571: 1529: 1492: 1460: 1421: 1389: 1350: 1318: 1284: 1257: 1227: 1217: 1187: 1165: 1132: 1120: 1094: 1063: 1022: 985: 981: 980: 913: 909: 908: 810: 809: 805: 775: 772: 753: 706: 699: 682: 671:Ashurbanipal 654: 650: 642:divine right 639: 610: 606: 570: 538: 537: 530: 479: 467:Neo-Assyrian 441:Ashur-rabi I 429: 370: 326: 303:Introduction 255: 253: 218: 214:Neo-Assyrian 190:Mesopotamian 169: 167: 83:Ashurbanipal 26: 10500:Mighty King 10446:šar šarrāni 10323:Hittitology 10313:Assyriology 10234:Archaeology 10104:Old Persian 9914:Jemdet Nasr 9539:Sennacherib 9382:Ashur-dan I 9226:Erishum III 9174:Adad-salulu 9168:Ipqi-Ishtar 9145:Ashur-dugul 9072:Shalim-ahum 8974:26 November 8934:18 December 8837:Web sources 8501:(1): 1–29. 7834:: 189–195. 7296:Abr-Nahrain 7177:Radner 2015 7108:Radner 2015 7084:Radner 2015 7021:Radner 2015 7006:Hauser 2017 6994:Hauser 2017 6970:Radner 2019 6958:Radner 2015 6946:Rowton 1951 6938:Radner 2019 6934:Radner 2013 6922:Radner 2019 6858:Dalley 1994 6814:Finkel 2013 6790:Widmer 2019 6786:Radner 2003 6770:Radner 2003 6746:Radner 2012 6722:Radner 2012 6575:Radner 2015 6559:Magill 1998 6555:Radner 2015 6539:Radner 2015 6523:Tucker 2019 6467:Radner 2015 6431:Hagens 2005 6383:Radner 2015 6286:Düring 2020 6266:Hunger 2009 6249:Düring 2020 6013:Poebel 1943 5962:Hunger 2009 5934:Hunger 2009 5837:Düring 2020 5796:Radner 2015 5543:Foster 2016 5422:Reade 1998b 5410:Parker 2011 5365:Soares 2017 5353:Soares 2017 5278:Hagens 2005 5259:Hagens 2005 5211:Rowton 1970 5168:Radner 2015 5114:hagiography 4899:Kidin-Ninua 4625:Rʻuth-Assor 4463:Rʻuth-Assor 4380:Babylonians 4148:Sennacherib 4081:Succession 4049:palace coup 3868:Shammuramat 3853:Adad-nārārī 3655:Adad-nārārī 3126:Ashur-dan I 2902:Adad-nārārī 2599:Enlīl-nāsir 2439:Enlīl-nāsir 2407:Puzur-Aššur 2240:Erishum III 1897:Adad-ṣalulu 1890:Adad-salulu 1868:Ipqi-Ishtar 1775:Aššur-dugul 1768:Ashur-dugul 1547:(Portrait) 1430:Puzur-Aššur 1266:Šallim-aḫḫe 1259:Shalim-ahum 1236:Puzur-Aššur 1200:(Portrait) 1101:Manishtushu 968:Ila-kabkabu 358:Ashur-dan I 192:kingdom of 119:(legendary) 10600:Categories 10552:šar Bābili 10494:šarru rabu 10490:Great King 10466:šar mātāti 10287:Divination 9997:Achaemenid 9962:Isin-Larsa 9855:Trialetian 9850:Mousterian 9837:Prehistory 9544:Esarhaddon 9122:Mut-Ashkur 9107:Erishum II 8954:9 February 8875:2019-11-21 8444:: 135–142. 8329:(2): 5–22. 7713:. Leiden: 7360:3805323107 7193:Beyer 1998 7181:Beyer 1998 7165:Beyer 2013 7149:Beyer 1998 7137:Beyer 1998 6942:Reade 1998 6890:Ahmed 2018 6870:Oates 1992 6818:Ahmed 2018 6794:Fales 2012 6766:Frahm 2014 6762:Elayi 2017 6698:Ahmed 2018 6595:Bauer 2007 6495:Fales 2014 6455:Leick 2010 6418:page 60-61 6129:Reade 2001 6037:Fales 2014 6025:Frahm 2017 5989:Reade 2001 5958:Reade 2001 5946:Reade 2001 5919:Reade 2001 5900:Reade 2001 5849:Kuhrt 1997 5820:Reade 2001 5654:Aubet 2013 5606:Aubet 2013 5290:Hallo 1980 5235:Azize 1998 5132:References 5118:Mar Behnam 5013:Esarhaddon 4936:Esarhaddon 4758:are known. 4632:Rʿūṯʾassor 4521:sequence. 4482:Achaemenid 4371:(15 years) 4335:Prominent 4331:(3 months) 4250:(38 years) 4211:(12 years) 4195:Esarhaddon 4164:(24 years) 4117:(17 years) 4001:(18 years) 3962:(10 years) 3930:(18 years) 3898:(10 years) 3862:(28 years) 3826:Conquered 3815:(13 years) 3806:Šamši-Adad 3776:(35 years) 3729:(25 years) 3664:(21 years) 3630:Succession 3593:(23 years) 3564:(32 years) 3506:(41 years) 3497:Aššur-rabi 3448:(12 years) 3419:(19 years) 3381:Šamši-Adad 3352:Erība-Adad 3332:(18 years) 3274:(39 years) 3238:(18 years) 3145:(46 years) 3113:(13 years) 2985:(37 years) 2946:(30 years) 2914:(32 years) 2882:(12 years) 2850:(10 years) 2813:(36 years) 2771:(27 years) 2759:Erība-Adad 2739:(10 years) 2579:(22 years) 2547:(20 years) 2535:Aššur-rabi 2483:(12 years) 2451:(13 years) 2419:(24 years) 2387:(26 years) 2355:(16 years) 2343:Šamši-Adad 2323:(16 years) 2311:Išme-Dagān 2279:Šamši-Adad 2259:(13 years) 2215:Šarma-Adad 2195:(14 years) 2123:(28 years) 2091:(12 years) 2059:(12 years) 2047:Šarma-Adad 2027:(17 years) 1995:(10 years) 1948:(Portrait) 1875:Ipqi-Ištar 1637:Mut-Ashkur 1624:(11 years) 1612:Išme-Dagān 1592:(33 years) 1580:Šamši-Adad 1494:Erishum II 1410:(40 years) 1371:(14 years) 1339:(40 years) 1144:Vassal of 1121:Ilabaandul 1103:of Akkad ( 1099:Vassal of 1077:of Akkad ( 1073:Vassal of 743:See also: 696:Legitimacy 690:lion hunts 625:Relief of 555:Esarhaddon 451:See also: 377:Babylonian 331:capitals ( 318:terracotta 293:Achaemenid 264:Babylonian 61:Symbol of 10160:Cuneiform 10036:Languages 9845:Acheulean 9732:Babylonia 9669:Euphrates 9619:Geography 9534:Sargon II 9216:Shu-Ninua 9201:Iptar-Sin 9162:Sin-namir 9156:Nasir-Sin 9140:Puzur-Sin 9102:Naram-Sin 9082:Erishum I 9077:Ilu-shuma 8785:199880564 8674:: 66–88. 8571:162308322 8523:161480780 8389:162220863 8307:145597598 8291:0091-7710 8241:163351203 8212:159785150 7856:163327812 7591:162825616 7515:194106498 7493:: 45–58. 7221:609738626 6914:Chen 2020 6830:Chen 2020 6806:Chen 2020 6782:Chen 2020 6758:Chen 2020 6738:Chen 2020 6714:Chen 2020 6690:Chen 2020 6658:Chen 2020 6630:Chen 2020 6611:Chen 2020 6591:Chen 2020 6571:Chen 2020 6551:Chen 2020 6535:Chen 2020 6519:Chen 2020 6491:Chen 2020 6400:Chen 2020 6379:Chen 2020 6367:Chen 2020 6298:Chen 2020 6278:Chen 2020 6245:Chen 2020 6181:Chen 2020 6160:Chen 2020 6144:Chen 2020 6121:Chen 2020 6105:Chen 2020 6089:Chen 2020 6068:Chen 2020 6052:Chen 2020 5885:Chen 2020 5873:Chen 2020 5733:Chen 2020 5710:Chen 2020 5669:Chen 2020 5650:Chen 2020 5621:Lewy 1966 5591:Lewy 1966 5463:Roux 1992 5049:Akhenaten 4802:Ekallatum 4787:. In the 4785:Hammurabi 4669:Nḇūḏayyān 4663:Nbudayyan 4612:Uncertain 4587:Uncertain 4562:Uncertain 4530:Timespan 4414:(3 years) 4324:(usurper) 4286:(4 years) 4108:Šarru-kīn 4101:Sargon II 4072:Portrait 4040:(5 years) 3921:Aššur-dān 3693:(7 years) 3584:Aššur-dān 3535:(5 years) 3477:(6 years) 3390:(4 years) 3361:(2 years) 3303:(2 years) 3133:Aššur-dān 3081:(5 years) 3049:(6 years) 3017:(4 years) 2707:(8 years) 2675:(9 years) 2643:(7 years) 2611:(6 years) 2515:(1 month) 2291:(6 years) 2227:(3 years) 2176:Shu-Ninua 2159:(6 years) 2079:Ibtar-Sîn 2072:Iptar-Sin 1983:Bēlu-bāni 1853:Sîn-nāmir 1846:Sin-namir 1831:Nāṣir-Sîn 1824:Nasir-Sin 1811:Uncertain 1784:(6 years) 1782:Uncertain 1755:Uncertain 1748:Puzur-Sîn 1741:Puzur-Sin 1705:Uncertain 1678:Uncertain 1651:Uncertain 1644:Mut-Aškur 1469:Narām-Sîn 1462:Naram-Sin 1442:(8 years) 1398:Šarru-kīn 1320:Erishum I 1300:Uncertain 1286:Ilu-shuma 1273:Uncertain 1243:Uncertain 1171:Uncertain 992:Ilu-shuma 962:Yazkur-el 757:Erishum I 720:Sargon II 353:eponymous 299:empires. 159:Abolition 151:Formation 10306:Academia 10260:Religion 10129:Urartian 10124:Sumerian 10109:Parthian 10044:Akkadian 10017:Sasanian 10007:Parthian 10002:Seleucid 9952:Simurrum 9942:Akkadian 9875:Khiamian 9865:Natufian 9777:Simurrum 9762:Kassites 9757:Hittites 9712:Adiabene 9186:Bel-bani 9092:Sargon I 8830:: 53–54. 8688:43286072 8654:: 20–35. 8463:43076393 8299:41303323 7819:43076931 7436:23608128 7273:(2013). 7263:10198006 5122:Sinharib 4854:A-sí-nim 4848:a-sí-nim 4836:Asinum). 4687:See also 4490:Parthian 4486:Seleucid 4459:Parthian 3615:Portrait 2183:Šu-Ninua 1976:Bel-bani 1391:Sargon I 1293:Ilu-šūma 1146:Amar-Sin 1069:Akkadian 902:Apiashal 602:Mullissu 598:Sarpanit 566:Bel-bani 533:Assyrian 469:king of 329:Assyrian 297:Parthian 282:and the 182:, later 174:Akkadian 32:King of 10292:Prayers 10277:Deities 10241:Looting 10084:Kassite 10079:Hurrian 10074:Hittite 10064:Elamite 10059:Eblaite 10054:Aramaic 10049:Amorite 9972:Kassite 9947:Gutians 9929:History 9894:Samarra 9890:Hassuna 9860:Zarzian 9782:Subartu 9772:Mitanni 9737:Chaldea 9727:Assyria 9700:Ancient 9261:Nur-ili 9211:Lullaya 8648:Rosetta 8381:3693710 7966:6128352 7848:3642789 7507:4200384 7302:: 1–27. 5056: 5046:pharaoh 5020: 5009: 4943: 4932: 4921: 4885:eponyms 4860:assinnu 4772:eponyms 4756:eponyms 4386:at the 4173:Nineveh 3828:Babylon 3206:1132 BC 3174:1132 BC 2512:1473 BC 2471:Nur-ili 2464:Nur-ili 2140:Lullaya 1153: 1148:of Ur ( 1134:Zariqum 1108: 1082: 1052:Period 956:Yakmeni 950:Yakmesi 944:Ilu-Mer 842:Mandaru 837:Harharu 832:Suhlamu 794: 782:Amorite 764: 727: 716: 678: 664: 634: 584:" and " 562: 551: 536:system. 490:Babylon 471:Babylon 425: 414: 403: 373:Hittite 360:of the 341:Nineveh 308:Sources 278:by the 260:Hittite 247:" and " 194:Assyria 106:Details 90: 34:Assyria 10119:Sutean 10094:Median 10089:Luwian 10069:Gutian 9957:Ur III 9870:Nemrik 9807:Cities 9802:Urartu 9752:Hamazi 9747:Gutium 9722:Armani 9674:Tigris 9627:Modern 9206:Bazaya 9191:Libaya 9134:Asinum 9128:Rimush 9087:Ikunum 8914:29 May 8909:Livius 8894:29 May 8889:Livius 8855:29 May 8804: 8783: 8748: 8718: 8686: 8628: 8609: 8588: 8569: 8538: 8521: 8515:545577 8513: 8478: 8461: 8421: 8387: 8379: 8344: 8305: 8297: 8289: 8258: 8239: 8210: 8175: 8154: 8133: 8112: 8080: 8059: 8027: 8006: 7985: 7964: 7938: 7917: 7896: 7873: 7854: 7846: 7817: 7790: 7775:584578 7773: 7763: 7742: 7721: 7696: 7675: 7654: 7631: 7589: 7581: 7546: 7513: 7505: 7474: 7453: 7434: 7399: 7378: 7357: 7338: 7317: 7283: 7261: 7238: 7219: 6207: 4987:years. 4574:Hayyay 4554:Hormez 4548:Hormoz 4542:Hormoz 4533:Notes 4474:Median 4420:Harran 4337:eunuch 4328:626 BC 4078:Reign 3738:Nimrud 2247:Erišum 2104:Bazaya 2015:Libaia 2008:Libaya 1728:Reign 1698:Asīnum 1691:Asinum 1664:Rimush 1553:Reign 1534:šarrum 1501:Erišum 1359:Ikūnum 1352:Ikunum 1327:Erišum 1206:Reign 1166:Silulu 1140:Ur III 1075:Rimush 1034:waklum 1006:Kikkia 1000:Sulili 932:Hayani 926:Samani 897:Ushpia 892:Azarah 857:Didanu 817:Tudiya 594:Marduk 447:Titles 210:Middle 162:609 BC 115:Tudiya 10205:Music 10155:Akitu 10012:Roman 9904:Ubaid 9899:Halaf 9797:Tukri 9792:Sumer 9787:Suhum 9767:Media 9717:Akkad 9180:Adasi 8820:(PDF) 8781:S2CID 8684:JSTOR 8664:(PDF) 8644:(PDF) 8567:S2CID 8519:S2CID 8511:JSTOR 8459:JSTOR 8385:S2CID 8377:JSTOR 8319:(PDF) 8303:S2CID 8295:JSTOR 8237:S2CID 8227:(1). 8208:S2CID 7962:S2CID 7954:(PDF) 7852:S2CID 7844:JSTOR 7815:JSTOR 7587:S2CID 7579:JSTOR 7529:(PDF) 7511:S2CID 7503:JSTOR 7432:JSTOR 7253:[ 5103:this. 4732:Ashur 4712:Notes 4605:Ḥannī 4599:Hanni 4527:Name 4500:maryo 4384:Medes 4130:Tabal 4075:Name 3625:Reign 2147:Lulāa 2111:Bāzāa 1958:Reign 1919:Adasi 1912:Adasi 1725:Name 1671:Rimuš 1550:Name 1249:Assur 1203:Name 1095:Azuzu 1064:Ititi 1049:Name 1025:Assur 1011:Akiya 974:Aminu 882:Abazu 877:Nuabu 872:Zuabu 852:Harsu 827:Yangi 822:Adamu 801:Terqa 646:Ashur 574:Ashur 512:Ashur 347:limmy 333:Assur 322:Assur 221:Ashur 198:Assur 63:Ashur 10569:More 10511:More 10473:More 10425:More 10251:Tell 9909:Uruk 9742:Elam 8976:2019 8956:2020 8936:2021 8916:2021 8896:2021 8857:2021 8802:ISBN 8746:ISBN 8716:ISBN 8626:ISBN 8607:ISBN 8586:ISBN 8536:ISBN 8476:ISBN 8419:ISBN 8342:ISBN 8287:ISSN 8256:ISBN 8173:ISBN 8152:ISBN 8131:ISBN 8110:ISBN 8078:ISBN 8057:ISBN 8025:ISBN 8004:ISBN 7983:ISBN 7936:ISBN 7915:ISBN 7894:ISBN 7871:ISBN 7788:ISBN 7771:OCLC 7761:ISBN 7740:ISBN 7719:ISBN 7694:ISBN 7673:ISBN 7652:ISBN 7629:ISBN 7544:ISBN 7487:Iraq 7472:ISBN 7451:ISBN 7397:ISBN 7376:ISBN 7355:ISBN 7336:ISBN 7315:ISBN 7281:ISBN 7259:OCLC 7236:ISBN 7217:OCLC 6205:ISBN 5156:2018 4806:Mari 4551:(or 4536:Ref 4488:and 4472:and 4382:and 4087:Ref 3620:Name 1953:Name 1734:Ref 1559:Ref 1212:Ref 1058:Ref 920:Hale 887:Belu 862:Hana 847:Imsu 686:lion 465:, a 379:and 339:and 295:and 266:and 243:", " 212:and 168:The 10150:Art 9182:(?) 9176:(?) 9170:(?) 9164:(?) 9158:(?) 9152:(?) 9136:(?) 9130:(?) 9124:(?) 8773:doi 8676:doi 8672:134 8559:doi 8503:doi 8369:doi 8279:doi 8229:doi 8200:doi 7836:doi 7614:106 7603:Adê 7571:doi 7495:doi 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Knowledge

List of Assyrian kings

Index