788:, the right to supervise someone for a doctoral dissertation. From 2018 onwards, the law has changed and holder of a position with a research university appointment (effectively an experienced UD or UHD or a (senior) researcher who has a doctorate) is eligible to be main supervisor of a PhD student. Universities have agreed that only such colleagues with proven capacity to supervise PhD projects will be granted this right. This means in practice that such colleagues have to have research-led profiles and considerable experience in co-supervising research students which in turn limits this right to associate or even senior associate professors. Increasingly, Ph.Ds are co-supervised by a UD or UHD, and they are often the regular point of contact for the Ph.D. student, particularly in large research groups.
686:. This allows the retired professor to keep the title professor for life. A professor emeritus is allowed to supervise doctorate theses until five years after retirement, but the use of the honorific professor is for life. Professors emeriti have no formal teaching or administrative duties and are paid no salaries (instead they receive pension payment). They are often provided with a desk and will have access to university resources for as long as the person so requests. In any event, professors who move out of the academy or retire in good standing retain the
664:) does not get paid by the university, but receives a salary from an external organization, such as a company, an organization or a fund. Special (endowed) professors sometimes provide lectures or do research on special topics associated with their main employment. They also often supervise graduate students who may do their research at the place of the professor's main employment.
797:
Dutch universities are moving towards a system closer to the US tenure track system to have more flexibility in rewarding merits of individuals. In Dutch universities, permanent positions must be offered upon the third extension of fixed-term position or after 6 years of continuous contracts (whichever comes first), a rule which was instigated to avoid
660:(Dutch: "bijzonder hoogleraar", literally "special professor"), often on a part-time basis. Special professors usually have their main employment somewhere else, often in industry or at a research institute or University elsewhere, although some foundations sponsor a special professor for one of the sitting associate professors. The special professor (
816:
In the early 2000s the lector position (Readership in traditional UK terms) was introduced at universities of applied sciences for research group leaders dealing with applied research. Until that moment universities of applied sciences had no research tasks. Based on salary pay grade, lectors would
649:
Personal chairs, are full professors created based on personal achievement but have no formal administrative function in leading a department. Personal chair are becoming increasingly familiar; and are generally promoted from the assistant or associate professor ranks in a department. If a personal
796:
Although the ranks are often translated as if they were aligned with the
American system (i.e. assistant, associate, and full professor), this not as clear-cut. Traditionally a lecturer could only become associate or full professor by applying for such a position if there was a vacancy. However,
761:
s to coordinate their (applied) research. Like a full professor, a lector coordinates a research group. In contrast to full professors (and selected associated professors), lectors are not allowed to be principal supervisor of PhD students, who always need to be under the principal guidance of a
808:
were transformed into full
Professors, but as a new Professor A rank at a lower salary scale than the existing professors (who were designated Professor B) on the older, and more favourable, salary scale. The present salary scales refer to Professor 1 or Professor 2 (the former is the higher in
749:
In daily practice no distinction is made between rank 1 and 2 in the Dutch ranking system (until 1986 junior full professor at a Dutch university existed, title was abolished in 1986). Since the change in the law in 2018, in some universities the ius promovendi is granted to the UHD1 rank or
769:
system, which means that a researcher follows a trajectory from assistant professor to associate professor to full professor. During this trajectory they have to prove they are capable to be a full professor. In the last stage, just before a researcher becomes a full professor, at several
813:("professor by special appointment", literally "extraordinary professor") for a part-time professor is no longer used (since the 1986 reforms); all the then holders of such positions became part-time full professors '(gewoon hoogleraren).
625:
Most commonly a full professor; when retiring or leaving a replacement will be usually sought in an open application procedure (although a university may also decide to redefine or abolish the chair at this stage).
887:
645:
The head of a department or of a "chair-group" within a department is a full professor. After a "chaired" professor leaves university, an open application is usually announced to replace the chair holder.
693:
Due to the system of part-time special professors and personal chair-holders promoted from sitting staff within a department, many university research groups will have several professors.
801:
situation; permanent positions may, of course, be offered sooner. Unlike in the US, the terms
Assistant Professor and Associate Professor are not as such indicative of tenure status.
914:
745:, or professor (literal translation high teacher rank 1. Usually department or sub department chair. Equivalent to UK professor, and US full professor - pay grade H1).
883:
729:, abbreviated UHD1 (literal translation University head lecturer rank 1. Equivalent to UK associate professor (reader), and US associate professor- pay grade 14)
723:, abbreviated UHD2 (literal translation University head lecturer rank 2. Equivalent to UK associate professor (reader), and US associate professor- pay grade 13)
1057:
159:
64:
679:. In addition, members of the Royal Academy are selected full professor. Being elected to member of the academy is a high honor for a sitting professor.
216:
804:
In 1986 there was a reform of the system. Junior professors and professors of the agricultural and technology universities, until then labelled as
562:
Always a full professor, usually elected from within the sitting professors of the university. Comparable to chancellor in
Commonwealth countries.
642:
A (full) professor should have substantial research achievements and international reputation. The title professor is not protected by Dutch law.
1076:
717:, abbreviated UD1 (literal translation University lecturer rank 1. Equivalent to UK senior lecturer, and US assistant professor - pay grade 12)
672:
711:, abbreviated UD2 (literal translation University lecturer rank 2. Equivalent to UK lecturer A/B, and US assistant professor - pay grade 11)
939:
858:
336:(From 2001 academic rank for University of Applied Sciences; before 1980 equivalent with junior full professor at research universities)
134:
39:
983:
544:
Need not be a professor, can be appointed from outside the organisation. Comparable to vice chancellor in
Commonwealth countries.
232:
in the
Netherlands are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in
209:
903:
750:
individuals with a proficient track record to be primary supervisor of a PhD project. Each rank increase come with a shift in
1300:
1305:
184:
144:
44:
754:. Promotion from rank 2 to rank 1 within the same function is usually easier than moving to a differently named function.
1071:
189:
202:
845:
164:
770:
universities they are called adjunct hoogleraar, which means they have almost all rights of a full professor.
735:, or professor (literal translation high teacher rank 2, lowest Dutch academic rank allowed to use the title
704:
The ranking system of faculty with combined teaching and research tasks in Dutch universities is as follows:
976:
34:
179:
124:
59:
94:
89:
79:
69:
1004:
174:
154:
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139:
114:
104:
84:
49:
1295:
1213:
1192:
969:
169:
119:
109:
99:
74:
54:
671:
appointing scientific ambassadors by the university, rather than representing a department. The
1208:
1152:
1119:
1009:
943:
862:
826:
809:
standing, as the
Universities adopted the Hay criteria for function-ranking). The former title
24:
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8:
1123:
1047:
1042:
1269:
1182:
1177:
1161:
1142:
1104:
599:
1052:
739:
Equivalent to UK professor (personal chair), and US full professor - pay grade H2).
784:
Historically, a special right of a full professor in the
Netherlands has been the
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1187:
1147:
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rank between associate and full professor in the research university system.
656:
1257:
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961:
580:
Need not be a professor, can be appointed from outside the organisation
682:
When a full professor retires in good standing, the professor becomes
619:
Leader of a research group or department (lit: teaching chair holder)
1157:
1128:
1014:
798:
751:
1109:
556:
Ceremonial head and head of research and education of a university
233:
701:
Most academic staff will have both research and teaching duties.
1225:
904:"Informatie over ius promovendi van de VSNU | VSNU.nl"
574:
Additional members of the board of a university (e.g. CFO)
489:
Student (enrolled in
Bachelor or Master program) assistant
622:
Appointed indefinitely (until mandatory retirement age)
604:
Appointed for fixed 4 year terms, which can be extended
577:
Appointed for fixed 4-year term, which can be renewed
559:
Appointed for fixed 4-year term, which can be renewed
541:
Appointed for fixed 4-year term, which can be renewed
696:
1287:
675:can sponsor an established professor to be an
673:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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667:Some Dutch universities have also instituted
210:
16:Overview of academic ranks in the Netherlands
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970:
942:. Nufficglossary.nuffic.nl. Archived from
861:. Nufficglossary.nuffic.nl. Archived from
690:. (see below) for five years thereafter.
217:
203:
765:Several Dutch universities introduced a
650:chair leaves the chair ceases to exist.
762:staff member of a Research University.
757:University of applied sciences appoint
1288:
303:Distinguished or University Professor
965:
884:Eerste kamer stemt in met verruiming
598:Head of research and education of a
498:Student teaching/research assistant
495:Student teaching/research assistant
442:Assistent in Opleiding / Promovendus
434:(Post Doctoral) Research Associate
13:
637:
632:
526:Executive board of the university
14:
1317:
773:
569:Leden van het college van bestuur
538:CEO or president of a university
244:
920:from the original on 11 May 2019
653:Dutch universities also appoint
298:High teacher of the university
932:
877:
851:
848:vsnu.nl Retrieved 5 April 2023
839:
697:Overview of all academic ranks
1:
846:Salarisschalen per 1 feb 2019
832:
1301:Education in the Netherlands
278:High teacher of the academy
7:
1306:Academia in the Netherlands
1097:Research and teaching track
820:
533:Voorzitter raad van bestuur
264:UK/commonwealth equivalent
239:
10:
1322:
777:
727:universitair hoofddocent 1
721:universitair hoofddocent 2
1201:
1170:
1090:
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997:
669:University Professorships
607:Usually a full professor
584:
525:
360:University head lecturer
792:International comparison
655:professors occupying an
505:Administrative positions
355:Universitair Hoofddocent
25:Academic ranks worldwide
1214:Distinguished professor
1193:Postdoctoral researcher
992:Academic ranks overview
811:buitengewoon hoogleraar
585:Department or Division
291:Universiteitshoogleraar
1153:Senior research fellow
890:20 August 2017 at the
827:List of academic ranks
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532:
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462:
447:Assistant in training
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417:
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332:
311:
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1248:Professor of practice
1029:North American system
715:universitair docent 1
709:universitair docent 2
418:Onderzoeker / Postdoc
662:bijzonder hoogleraar
423:Researcher, Postdoc
387:Assistant professor
381:University lecturer
366:Associate professor
296:University Professor
255:Literal translation
1124:associate professor
1091:Commonwealth system
1048:Associate professor
1043:Assistant professor
477:Research assistant
474:Research assistant
468:Research assistant
463:Onderzoeksassistent
376:Universitair Docent
1270:Teaching assistant
1183:Research associate
1178:Research assistant
1162:research professor
1143:Research assistant
1105:Associate lecturer
684:professor emeritus
432:Research fellow /
271:Akademiehoogleraar
1283:
1282:
1072:Adjunct professor
940:"Nuffic Glossary"
859:"Nuffic Glossary"
677:Academy Professor
630:
629:
551:Rector Magnificus
502:
501:
484:Student-assistent
320:H1, H2, 14+extra
276:Academy Professor
227:
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1171:Junior positions
1064:Non-tenure track
1053:Professor (full)
1010:Ranks and titles
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453:Ph.D. candidate
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1202:Other positions
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1115:Senior lecturer
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892:Wayback Machine
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633:Professor ranks
518:Length of term
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348:Full Professor
345:Full Professor
326:Full Professor
323:Full Professor
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946:on 5 June 2013
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865:on 5 June 2013
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786:ius promovendi
780:Ius promovendi
778:Main article:
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774:Ius promovendi
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1058:Endowed Chair
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521:Requirements
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1258:Head teacher
1253:Schoolmaster
1242:Privatdozent
1240:
1231:Habilitation
1218:
1035:Tenure track
1020:Tenure track
948:. Retrieved
944:the original
934:
922:. Retrieved
910:
898:
879:
867:. Retrieved
863:the original
853:
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815:
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803:
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783:
767:Tenure track
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748:
743:hoogleraar 1
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733:hoogleraar 2
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515:Description
512:Dutch title
433:
252:Dutch title
228:
165:South Africa
129:
18:
950:24 February
869:24 February
429:Researcher
408:Instructor
135:New Zealand
130:Netherlands
1290:Categories
1220:Agrégation
1209:Chancellor
1077:Instructor
833:References
312:Hoogleraar
258:Pay grade
1158:Professor
1129:Professor
799:permatemp
752:pay grade
402:Lecturer
390:Lecturer
40:Australia
35:Argentina
1110:Lecturer
1082:Lecturer
998:Overview
915:Archived
888:Archived
821:See also
240:Overview
234:academia
180:Thailand
160:Slovakia
145:Portugal
125:Malaysia
60:Colombia
1005:Faculty
924:3 March
911:VSNU.nl
886:uva.nl
600:faculty
595:(Dean)
384:11, 12
363:13, 14
339:Reader
95:Hungary
90:Germany
80:Finland
70:Denmark
1226:Docent
1120:Reader
806:Lector
759:lector
592:Decaan
426:10–11
411:Tutor
405:10-12
397:Docent
333:Lector
175:Sweden
155:Serbia
150:Russia
140:Norway
115:Jordan
105:Israel
85:France
50:Canada
45:Brazil
918:(PDF)
907:(PDF)
737:prof.
170:Spain
120:Kenya
110:Italy
100:India
75:Egypt
55:China
952:2013
926:2021
871:2013
471:6–9
1160:or
1122:or
492:SA
342:15
1292::
913:.
909:.
450:P
236:.
985:e
978:t
971:v
954:.
928:.
873:.
218:e
211:t
204:v
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