1642:
September is 410 mm (16.14 in). The interior parts of Adjara are considerably drier than the coastal mountains and lowlands. Winter usually brings significant snowfall to the higher regions of Adjara, where snowfall often reaches several meters. Average summer temperatures are between 22–24 °C in the lowland areas and 17–21 °C in the highlands. The highest areas of Adjara have lower temperatures. Average winter temperatures are between 4–6 °C along the coast while the interior areas and mountains average around -3–2 °C. Some of the highest mountains of Adjara have average winter temperatures of -8–(-7) °C.
728:
4931:
4626:
4691:
694:
1253:
4768:
213:
4744:
1571:
4611:
4832:
4780:
4820:
4808:
1055:, Abashidze controlled the media and captured customs revenue for his personal enrichment. Abashidze instituted the border control with the rest of Georgia and created armed paramilitaries. However, he asserted that Adjara wasn't separatist. Even though Shevardnadze often complained about Abashidze's aggressive autonomous strategy, they had good relationships and supported each other when they needed public support. On 24 October 1997, Adjara became a full member of the
5126:
4797:
4674:
4727:
4895:
202:
229:
4756:
4703:
2519:
4662:
4715:
2263:
1656:
1474:
1148:
43:
4650:
4638:
2440:
1752:
Adjara has good land for growing tea, citrus fruits and tobacco. Mountainous and forested, the region has a subtropical climate, and there are many health resorts. Tobacco, tea, citrus fruits, and avocados are leading crops; livestock raising is also important. Industries include tea packing, tobacco
1046:
in the country and turned Adjara into the personal fiefdom, although it remained relatively prosperous enclave in an otherwise rather chaotic country. Abashidze unilaterally took power without formal agreement and started to withhold tax revenue and capture Adjara's considerable wealth. His opponents
1873:
which listed them as "Ajars" and counted 71,000 of them. Later, they were simply classified under a broader category of
Georgians as no official Soviet census asked about religion. In independent Georgia, censuses do not include an "Adjarian" category, nor do they distinguish between ethnic Georgian
1133:
Turkey still has noticeable economic and religious influence in Adjara, making some
Georgians wary of the Turkish presence. However, in recent years, Turkish influence has again been supplanted by the Russians, who have returned to the region in large numbers, also causing anxiety among some locals.
1029:
Moreover, the Soviet atheist ideology dampened religious practice. In the 1920s, the Ajars rebelled against the Soviet anti-Islamic activities, as well as against the collectivization reforms. The armed uprising began in the mountainous regions of Adjara in April 1929. Soviet troops were deployed in
1114:
and murder, Abashidze destroyed the bridges between Adjara and the rest of
Georgia to delay the advance of Georgian troops in Batumi and then fled to Moscow. Even Abashidze's former ally, Haji Mahmud Kamashidze, sided with Saakashvili. Saakashvili wanted Adjara to keep a significant autonomy. A new
1025:
in accord with this clause, thus Adjara remained part of
Georgia. The autonomous republic was the only autonomous unit in the USSR based solely on religion. However, Stalin's definition of what constituted a nation was based on language. Without their own language, Adjars did not develop a strong
1641:
receive upwards of 4,500 mm (177.2 in) of precipitation per year. The coastal lowlands receive most of the precipitation in the form of rain (due to the area's subtropical climate). September and
October are usually the wettest months. Batumi's average monthly rainfall for the month of
1245:
4054:
1624:
Adjara is well known for its humid climate (especially along the coastal regions) and prolonged rainy weather, although there is plentiful sunshine during the spring and summer months. Adjara receives the highest amounts of precipitation both in
Georgia and in the
729:
3702:
While the government does not release figures on the levels of
Turkish investment in Ajara, it represents roughly 80-90 percent of the total foreign investment in the region, a former regional government official said, speaking on condition of
1954:
As of the sixteenth century, the majority of Adjara's population was
Christian. By the end of the eighteenth century, majority of Adjarians were Muslim. After Adjara was ceded to the Russian Empire in 1878 under the
1264:
The status of the
Adjaran Autonomous Republic is defined by Georgia's law on Adjara and the region's new constitution, adopted following the ousting of Aslan Abashidze. The local legislative body is the
2372:. A concert with the participation of local amateur groups of a folk handicraft products exhibition is held during the festival. It is supported by Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports of Adjara.
4883:
4254:
1970:'s missionary efforts, they also tried to win the loyalty of Adjarians by building mosques and madrassas and supporting the local Muslim clergy. As a result, some Adjarians emigrants, called
936:'s missionary efforts, they also tried to win the loyalty of Adjarians by building mosques and madrassas and supporting the local Muslim clergy. As a result, many Adjarians emigrants, called
695:
3783:, August 20, 2023 Quote: "At one point, a right-wing party, the Alliance of Patriots, had erected campaign billboards depicting Adjara as "occupied" by Turkey...Now, it is the Russians."
3208:"Treaty of Kars (Treaty of Friendship between Turkey, the Socialist Soviet Republic of Armenia, the Azerbaijan Socialist Soviet Republic, and the Socialist Soviet Republic of Georgia)"
1082:'s ousting on 23 November 2003. He began to crackdown on opposition, with dozens being injured as a result of clashes between protesters and police in the southern Adjaran village of
3716:
1042:
became the chairman of Ajaria's parliament. Abashidze was initially appointed by the first
Georgian president Zviad Gamsakhurdia in 1991. However, he later took advantage of the
4581:
2040:, 65.1% of the population in Orthodox Christian, while 28.8% is Muslim. Muslims make up majorities mostly in the mountainous districts, they make up 94.6% of the population in
4861:
3749:
1989:. Christianization of some Adjarians also took place, especially among the young, under the government of Zviad Gamsakhurdia. However, most Adjarians, particularly around
4876:
4347:
Derluguian, Georgi M. (1998). "The Tale of Two Resorts: Abkhazia and Ajaria Before and Since the Soviet Collapse". In Crawford, Beverly; Lipschutz, Ronnie D. (eds.).
4008:
3737:
Turkish religious influence is notable, not only in Azerbaijan but also in the Muslim regions of Georgia (in the region of Adjara and the border areas of Azerbaijan).
1601:
to the east and Turkey to the south. Most of Adjara's territory either consists of hills or mountains. The highest mountains rise more than 3,000 meters (9,800 feet)
5617:
5193:
3663:
5074:
4869:
3608:
3458:
1266:
489:
1273:
who also has powers to dissolve the assembly and government and to overrule local authorities on issues where the constitution of Georgia is contravened.
1102:
erupted as the central government sought to reimpose its authority on the region. It led to several encounters between Abashidze's paramilitaries and the
6446:
4574:
6441:
5342:
2004:
According to the 2014 census, 54.5% of Adjara's population is Orthodox Christian, while 39.8% is Muslim, the rest includes atheists, adherents of the
4915:
4251:
6436:
5491:
968:
was signed, under which Georgia was forced to cede Adjara to the Ottoman Empire. However, due to the Ottoman defeat in the First World War and the
4549:
2384:), during the first weekend of every August. Horse racing, a folk handicraft exhibition and a concert involving folk ensembles are held as well.
3207:
2380:
Shuamtoba ("inter-mountain festival") is a traditional festival, which is held on the summer mountain pastures of two municipalities (Khulo and
6431:
4891:
4567:
2392:
Machakhloba is a Machakhela gorge festivity, held in the second half of September. It is a traditional holiday celebrated in Machakhela gorge,
5626:
5610:
5501:
5294:
5236:
5231:
4899:
2547:
1018:
168:
17:
5337:
1047:
alleged that Abashidze engaged in smuggling. After the end of Georgia's civil war, Abashidze reached agreement with the Georgian president
3633:
5559:
5362:
5332:
5213:
5067:
1098:
issued a statement on January 20 backing Abashidze's policy and condemning his opposition as "extremist forces". In spring 2004, a major
3724:
5352:
5241:
3720:
798:
285:
5392:
5357:
5208:
3121:
1126:
was moved from Tbilisi to Batumi. In November 2007 Russia ended its two-century military presence in Georgia by withdrawing from the
5603:
5387:
5246:
5203:
5170:
6071:
4055:"Religious Revival and Deprivatization in Post-Soviet Georgia: Reculturation of Orthodox Christianity and Deculturation of Islam"
3875:
4525:
1051:
to stay in power. The central government in Tbilisi had very little say in what went on in Adjara. Elections in Adjara were not
6405:
5726:
5656:
5060:
4455:
4397:
4358:
4232:
3961:
3135:
2897:
2532:
1982:
1633:. No region along Adjara's coast receives less than 2,200 mm (86.6 in) of precipitation per year. The west-facing (
250:
5955:
5595:
4102:
4016:
1095:
464:
2978:"South-Western Georgia (Ajara) within the Geostrategic Interests of the Ottoman Empire in the First Quarter of XX Century"
1784:
port and is transported from there to Batumi by rail. The Adjaran capital is a centre for shipbuilding and manufacturing.
5976:
1086:
in January 2004. Soon after his inauguration as president in January 2004, Saakashvili took aim at Abashidze with strong
840:
3793:
6374:
5872:
1022:
794:
3232:
2591:
5687:
5402:
4972:
3288:
3246:
2783:
2346:
2327:
1739:
1720:
1557:
1538:
1231:
1212:
126:
107:
3776:
3760:
2299:
1959:, Adjarians, who were Muslims, were allowed to leave for Turkey. This was followed by an influx of Christians from
1692:
1510:
1184:
79:
3822:
2663:
6108:
5023:
1978:
1123:
318:
3903:
3655:
1589:
Adjara is on the southeastern coast of the Black Sea and extends into the wooded foothills and mountains of the
4801:
2284:
1869:. Adjarians have been known as "Muslim Georgians". They were officially referred as such until the 1926 Soviet
1787:
Adjara is the main center of Georgia's coastal tourism industry, having displaced the northwestern province of
1677:
1495:
1169:
987:
983:
957:
64:
4483:
3697:
2396:
Municipality. The festival begins at the Machakhela rifle monument (at the point of convergence of the rivers
2306:
1699:
1517:
1191:
86:
6189:
6092:
5784:
5284:
3823:"The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity for the Forestry Sector of Adjara Autonomous Republic, Georgia"
3765:
Turkey's influence in the region remains strong, in part through funding provided by Ankara for local mosques
905:
824:
990:
on July 20, 1920. It was granted autonomy under the Georgian constitution adopted in February 1921 when the
6343:
6338:
6333:
6133:
6118:
5821:
5554:
2025:
1056:
991:
6087:
4930:
4539:
5758:
3157:
1269:. The head of the region's government—the Council of Ministers of Adjara—is nominated by the
212:
2313:
1706:
1524:
1198:
93:
6066:
5677:
5481:
4544:
3612:
3462:
3280:
2977:
2475:
2021:
2013:
1110:
against Abashidze's autocratic rule forced the Adjaran leader to resign in May 2004. Facing charges of
5763:
3279:
Peter Malcolm Holt, Ann K. S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis (1977), The Cambridge history of Islam, p. 639.
2491:
2176:
2053:
2005:
1939:
1396:
1103:
431:
5779:
4813:
4447:
4202:
3948:
2567:
2524:
2295:
2017:
1688:
1506:
1180:
854:
75:
2705:
5519:
2280:
2273:
1967:
1956:
1919:
1875:
1673:
1666:
1491:
1484:
1165:
1158:
933:
921:
893:
604:
566:
451:
60:
53:
2837:
6210:
6153:
6128:
6061:
5630:
5435:
4982:
4977:
3641:
2542:
2201:
2045:
1610:
1418:
1052:
831:
in the 5th century BC, the region fell under Rome in the 2nd century BC. It became part of the
560:
523:
217:
4610:
2773:
6265:
6260:
6235:
6215:
5945:
4221:
The Political Landscape of Georgia: Political Parties: Achievements, Challenges and Prospects
2639:
2424:
2151:
2037:
2033:
1374:
929:
750:. It is an important tourist destination and includes Georgia's second most populous city of
5625:
3777:'You Can't Even Speak Georgian In Georgia Anymore': Russian Businesses Roil Black Sea Resort
6384:
6302:
6245:
6230:
6220:
6168:
5960:
5950:
5940:
5893:
5836:
4150:"Refworld | World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Georgia : Ajarians"
2481:
2369:
1602:
1270:
976:
658:
448:
5125:
3950:
The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory
940:, came back to Adjara. Within Russian imperial administrative division, Adjara was called
8:
6364:
6359:
6312:
6255:
6250:
6240:
6123:
6029:
5935:
5846:
5841:
5672:
4907:
4773:
2497:
1630:
1116:
1079:
1067:
1048:
945:
836:
496:
4559:
975:
After the temporary occupation by the British (with the entrance of the British warship
754:
as its capital. About 350,000 people live on its 2,880 km (1,110 sq mi).
201:
6379:
6225:
6148:
6138:
5831:
5826:
5682:
4749:
4461:
4416:
4381:
4130:
4083:
3102:
3063:
3024:
3016:
2754:
2626:
2226:
2041:
2029:
1598:
1590:
1574:
1440:
1127:
1099:
1083:
1043:
1010:
population, while Turkish commodities were guaranteed free transit through the port of
846:
5800:
4295:
4271:
908:
converted first. Adjarians were fully Islamized by the end of the eighteenth century.
6389:
6369:
6173:
5304:
5084:
4967:
4894:
4720:
4554:
4504:
4469:
4451:
4428:
4403:
4393:
4364:
4354:
4228:
4134:
4122:
4087:
4075:
3957:
3780:
3284:
3242:
3131:
3028:
2893:
2779:
2758:
2746:
2503:
2463:
2404:), continues in the village Machakhlispiri and ends in the village Zeda Chkhutuneti.
2397:
2126:
2049:
1866:
1352:
1274:
897:
865:
814:
735:
722:
709:
688:
675:
474:
416:
353:
298:
241:
187:
157:
4465:
4441:
2802:
Ronald G. Suny - The Making of the Georgian Nation. Indiana University Press. Page 8
2320:
2001:, as of 2006, many Adjarians are Muslims but consider themselves ethnic Georgians.
1713:
1531:
1205:
100:
5708:
5703:
5638:
4496:
4385:
4114:
4103:"Azeris and Muslim Ajarians in Georgia: The Swing between Tolerance and Alienation"
4067:
3094:
3055:
3008:
2738:
995:
969:
4173:
3851:
3098:
3059:
1066:
of 2003 when Shevardnadze was deposed in favor of the reformist opposition leader
994:. Turkey reinvaded Adjara in March 1921, although Georgians defeated Turks in the
932:. Many Adjarians emigrated to Turkey. While the Russian authorities supported the
6426:
4529:
4522:
4258:
3012:
2887:
2487:
2469:
2457:
2451:
1986:
1862:
1858:
1252:
1075:
1071:
1063:
1039:
965:
743:
236:
5052:
4500:
4149:
3317:
2812:
2725:
6317:
5569:
5529:
4837:
4785:
4319:
4219:
3684:
2742:
2680:
2484:(3 June 1815), Pasha (Minister) of Ottoman and Russia Political Affairs on 1802
2420:
1638:
1616:
Adjara is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.
1606:
1582:
1087:
1003:
961:
917:
889:
877:
802:
275:
263:
206:
4473:
4071:
2419:
festival. It is held at the end of August or at the beginning of September in
6420:
6113:
5549:
5042:
4825:
4508:
4432:
4407:
4126:
4079:
3801:
2750:
1898:
1894:
873:
869:
850:
627:
596:
583:
333:
320:
4368:
4348:
6286:
6013:
5511:
5473:
5271:
4987:
4962:
4350:
The Myth of "Ethnic Conflict": Politics, Economics, and "Cultural" Violence
2789:
2599:
2393:
1994:
1773:
1111:
941:
858:
790:
360:
4389:
3989:
2997:"Why Autonomy? The Making of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region 1918-1925"
1760:, is an important gateway for the shipment of goods heading into Georgia,
6307:
5641:
5564:
5115:
3944:
1777:
1570:
1115:
law was therefore introduced to redefine the terms of Adjara's autonomy.
928:
to leave for Turkey, keeping a provision of Section 6, article 21 of the
3106:
3082:
3067:
3043:
3020:
2996:
5742:
5634:
5496:
5382:
5142:
4732:
4679:
4215:
4118:
2537:
2416:
2287: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1998:
1882:
1769:
1761:
1680: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1498: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1172: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
801:. The autonomous status of Adjara is guaranteed under article 6 of the
445:
426:
390:
5584:
5539:
5458:
5453:
5415:
5347:
5198:
3911:
2428:
2381:
1890:
1854:
1828:
1818:
1578:
925:
762:
758:
739:
639:
378:
372:
4205:, Berkeley Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies.
2566:
The other autonomous unit based on an ethnoreligious factor was the
2262:
1753:
processing, fruit and fish canning, oil refining, and shipbuilding.
1655:
1473:
1147:
228:
42:
6008:
5919:
5903:
5862:
5579:
5574:
5524:
5317:
5312:
5289:
5279:
5256:
5147:
5092:
5038:
4761:
4708:
4696:
4631:
4591:
3717:"Strengths and Constraints of Turkish Policy in the South Caucasus"
3554:
3529:
3492:
3433:
3395:
3300:
3083:"Batum as Domino, 1919â1920: The Defence of India in Transcaucasia"
3044:"Batum as Domino, 1919â1920: The Defence of India in Transcaucasia"
2412:
2401:
1886:
1838:
1803:
According to the 2014 census, the population of Adjara is 333,953.
1788:
1634:
1626:
631:
384:
6281:
6163:
6045:
5805:
1244:
738:. It is in the country's southwestern corner, on the coast of the
6158:
6143:
5992:
5877:
5867:
5544:
5486:
5463:
5425:
5410:
5372:
5261:
5223:
5188:
5180:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5003:
4957:
4952:
4667:
1971:
1960:
1765:
1002:'s government ceded the territory to Georgia under Article VI of
937:
820:
31:
5534:
4484:"Muslim Communities of Georgia: Old Problems and New Challenges"
4421:
ALPPI Annual of Language & Politics and Politics of Identity
1605:. Around 60% of Adjara is covered by forests. Many parts of the
6194:
5448:
5443:
5327:
5322:
5251:
5165:
4939:
4655:
3238:
3127:
2443:
2101:
2009:
1870:
1757:
1330:
1257:
1107:
1091:
1011:
999:
832:
828:
751:
747:
644:
396:
312:
3876:"Inbound Tourism Statistics in Georgia (I-Quarter, 2023-year)"
5898:
5420:
5377:
5367:
5157:
4947:
3609:
Saakashvili's Ajara Success: Repeatable Elsewhere in Georgia?
3459:
Saakashvili's Ajara Success: Repeatable Elsewhere in Georgia?
2439:
2365:
1990:
1929:
1781:
1594:
1007:
901:
421:
4052:
KĂśksal, PÄąnar; AydÄąngĂźn, AyĹegĂźl; GĂźrsoy, Hazar Ege (2019).
3555:"Moscow Backs Abashidze, Slams "Extremist" Forces in Adjara"
2813:"Orthodox Georgians celebrate the day of Andrew the Apostle"
986:
in 1920. The British administration ceded the region to the
4035:
4033:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2926:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2460:(1873â1941), prominent political leader of Muslim Georgians
4252:
Population Census 2014: Population by Regions and Religion
1861:
who speak a group of local dialects known collectively as
1768:. The port of Batumi is used for the shipment of oil from
960:
and Adjara became part of it. However, in April 1918, the
4589:
4353:. Research series. University of California at Berkeley.
3990:"Autonomous Republic of Adjara, Department of Statistics"
3970:
3510:
3402:
1629:. It is also one of the wettest temperate regions in the
964:
invaded Georgia and captured Batumi. On 4 June 1918, the
916:
The Ottomans were forced to cede Adjara to the expanding
648:
4030:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3366:
3364:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3123:
The Experiment: Georgia's Forgotten Revolution 1918-1921
2948:
2923:
2906:
2867:
857:, entered Georgia from Adjara region and first preached
4378:
The Politics of Ethnic Separatism in Russia and Georgia
3698:"Georgians Wary of Turkey's Rising Influence in Batumi"
3434:"Saakashvili's Vows Improvements with Drastic Measures"
1119:
succeeded Abashidze as the chairman of the government.
1106:. However, Saakashvili's ultimata and mass protests in
982:) troops in 1918–1920, Adjara became part of the
3261:
2500:(born 1972), head of the Adjarian government 2004â2012
2454:(born 1938), head of the Adjarian government 1991â2004
1285:
Adjara is subdivided into six administrative units:
3589:
3572:
3414:
3376:
3361:
3349:
3332:
3183:
3171:
1026:
sense of national identity, separate from Georgian.
4534:
4201:
Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies.
4051:
3925:
3396:"Aslan Abashidze, a Man of Feudal Loyalty and Pride"
2855:
2681:"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"
2640:"Population - National Statistics Office of Georgia"
2514:
1963:, resulting in a change of the religious landscape.
4443:
Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War
3615:. 2004-08-18. pp. 6â11. ICG Europe Briefing 34
1130:(the former 145th Motor Rifle Division) in Batumi.
1006:on the condition that autonomy be provided for the
896:allowed its subjects extensive self-governance and
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4482:
4053:
2724:
2024:make up 25.3% of population, while there are also
1078:, declared a state of emergency immediately after
5082:
4009:"census - Demographic and social characteristics"
3904:"census - 2014 General Population Census Results"
3685:Russia Hands Over Batumi Military Base to Georgia
3634:"Constitutional Court of Georgia - Brief History"
2886:Bennigsen, Alexandre; Wimbush, S. Enders (1986).
2592:"census - Demographic and social characteristics"
1780:oil from Azerbaijan which arrives by pipeline to
6418:
4148:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
3150:
2885:
2036:, and Jewish communities. In the second largest
956:In 1918, Georgia regained its independence as a
4214:
2252:
1277:is the current head of the Adjaran government.
900:, many Adjarians gradually chose to convert to
765:. The name can be spelled in a number of ways:
4555:In pictures: Ajaria's 'velvet revolution' 2004
4197:George Sanikidze and Edward W. Walker (2004),
904:during the 200 years of Ottoman presence. The
713:
679:
179:
149:
5611:
5068:
4877:
4575:
4417:"Transforming Identity of Ajarian Population"
4246:
4244:
3656:"Russia closes last military base in Georgia"
3158:"Constitution Of Georgia (1921), Article 107"
2975:
2548:Administrative divisions of Georgia (country)
1090:reforms. In the wake of Abashidze's visit to
1019:Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
972:, the Ottomans soon withdrew the territory.
864:Adjaria was occupied by several empires: the
2016:, and they primarily adhere to the national
1966:While the Russian authorities supported the
849:, who is believed to be a missionary of the
4414:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3956:. Princeton University Press. p. 108.
2963:
2431:is performed on stage during the festival.
1280:
734:), is a political-administrative region of
6447:States and territories established in 1991
5618:
5604:
5075:
5061:
4884:
4870:
4582:
4568:
4545:Georgian territories: Ajaria - BBC profile
4540:Tourism & Resorts Department of Adjara
4346:
4241:
3982:
3721:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
3451:
3113:
2466:(1190â1240), Georgian writer and scientist
892:conquered the area in 1614. Although, the
723:[atĘĘźarisavtĘźonomiurirespĘźublikĘźa]
6442:Autonomous republics of Georgia (country)
4480:
4208:
4039:
3601:
3482:International Crisis Group, 2004, page 6.
3301:"Adjara Celebrates Abashidze's Departure"
2942:
2917:
2892:. Indiana University Press. p. 207.
2364:Selimoba is held in the village of Bako,
2347:Learn how and when to remove this message
1857:(Ajars) are an ethnographic group of the
1740:Learn how and when to remove this message
1558:Learn how and when to remove this message
1232:Learn how and when to remove this message
1030:response and swiftly quelled the revolt.
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
4100:
3996:
3937:
3476:
3312:
3310:
2838:"St. Andrew's Day Celebrated in Georgia"
2722:
2438:
1609:(the west-facing slopes) are covered by
1569:
1463:
1251:
1243:
819:Adjara was a part of Georgian polities,
6437:Historical regions of Georgia (country)
4439:
4250:National Statistics Office of Georgia.
4199:Islam and Islamic Practices in Georgia.
3267:
2994:
2771:
2706:"1936 Constitution of the USSR, Part I"
2368:on June 3 and commemorates the life of
2012:, out of 152,839 inhabitants, 68.7% is
14:
6419:
6406:First-level NUTS of the European Union
4550:Islam and Islamic Practices in Georgia
4415:Hoch, TomĂĄĹĄ; KopeÄek, Vincent (2011).
4375:
3976:
3931:
3595:
3583:
3516:
3493:"Adjarian Police Foiled Protest Rally"
3420:
3408:
3382:
3370:
3355:
3343:
3194:
3177:
2873:
2861:
1033:
839:in the 8th century AD, the latter led
6432:Former provinces of Georgia (country)
5599:
5056:
4865:
4563:
4227:. Eburon Uitgeverij B.V. p. 10.
3714:
3687:. Civil Georgia, Tbilisi. 2007-11-13.
3307:
3230:
3224:
2889:Muslims of the Soviet Empire: A Guide
2622:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2533:Former countries in Europe after 1815
2061:Religion by Adjara Municipalities (%)
1137:
721:
687:
508:2,880 km (1,110 sq mi)
4147:
3943:
3666:from the original on 16 October 2015
3465:. 2004-08-18. ICG Europe Briefing 34
3080:
3041:
2285:adding citations to reliable sources
2256:
1678:adding citations to reliable sources
1649:
1593:. It has borders with the region of
1496:adding citations to reliable sources
1467:
1170:adding citations to reliable sources
1141:
1074:, being in strong opposition to the
1017:The Soviets established in 1921 the
827:, since ancient times. Colonized by
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
4900:Administrative divisions of Georgia
4218:; Scholtbach, Ălvaro Pinto (2006).
3119:
2472:(born 31 May 1986), Georgian singer
1874:Muslims and other Muslims, such as
835:before being incorporated into the
24:
4609:
3896:
2723:Nazaroff, Alexander (1922-11-01).
2637:
2613:
1795:secession from Georgia in 1993.
1023:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
795:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
719:Achâaris Avtâonomiuri Respâublikâa
25:
6458:
5403:Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti
4973:Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti
4516:
2664:"Regional Gross Domestic Product"
2434:
1248:Logo of the Cabinet of Ministers.
1038:After the Georgian independence,
911:
883:
5124:
4929:
4893:
4830:
4818:
4806:
4795:
4778:
4766:
4754:
4742:
4725:
4713:
4701:
4689:
4672:
4660:
4648:
4636:
4624:
3761:Government of the United Kingdom
3087:The International History Review
3048:The International History Review
2778:. Cambridge Scholars Publisher.
2517:
2506:(born 3 January 1959), cosmonaut
2478:(died 1836), Great Ottoman Pasha
2261:
1806:
1654:
1472:
1146:
841:unification of Georgian monarchy
227:
211:
200:
41:
4312:
4288:
4264:
4191:
4166:
4141:
4094:
4045:
3868:
3844:
3815:
3786:
3770:
3742:
3708:
3690:
3678:
3648:
3626:
3547:
3522:
3485:
3426:
3388:
3293:
3273:
3200:
3074:
3035:
2988:
2969:
2879:
2844:. Tbilisi, Georgia. 12 May 2023
2830:
2819:. Tbilisi, Georgia. 12 May 2015
2805:
2560:
2272:needs additional citations for
1798:
1665:needs additional citations for
1483:needs additional citations for
1157:needs additional citations for
52:needs additional citations for
3715:Balci, Bayram (18 June 2014).
2995:Saparov, Arsène (March 2012).
2976:Varshalomidze, Archil (2019).
2796:
2765:
2716:
2698:
2673:
2656:
2631:
2584:
2387:
2008:and others. In the main city,
1122:In July 2007, the seat of the
988:Democratic Republic of Georgia
984:Democratic Republic of Georgia
951:
853:to Georgia and founder of the
139:Autonomous Republic in Georgia
13:
1:
4590:Countries and regions of the
3530:"Georgia Has a New President"
3234:The Caucasus, an introduction
3099:10.1080/07075332.1980.9640214
3060:10.1080/07075332.1980.9640214
2726:"Russia's Treaty with Turkey"
2577:
1124:Georgian Constitutional Court
715:áááá áᥠááá˘ááááááŁá á á ááĄááŁááááá
706:Autonomous Republic of Adjara
181:áááá áᥠááá˘ááááááŁá á á ááĄááŁááááá
18:Autonomous Republic of Adjara
4489:Islamophobia Studies Journal
3081:Rose, John D. (April 1980).
3042:Rose, John D. (April 1980).
3013:10.1080/09668136.2011.642583
2375:
2253:Traditional public festivals
1979:collapse of the Soviet Union
1057:Assembly of European Regions
924:. The Berlin Treaty allowed
7:
6370:Irish (in Northern Ireland)
4854:Partially-recognized states
4501:10.13169/islastudj.4.2.0247
4440:Kaufman, Stuart J. (2001).
3832:. December 2016. p. 15
3160:. Matiane. 4 September 2012
2772:Morritt, Robert D. (2017).
2510:
2407:
2359:
1904:
1776:. Its oil refinery handles
1062:This changed following the
555:124.6/km (322.7/sq mi)
10:
6463:
5122:
4481:Sanikidze, George (2018).
4340:
3700:. Eurasianet. 2017-03-09.
3613:International Crisis Group
3463:International Crisis Group
3281:Cambridge University Press
3241:: Routledge. p. 162.
3130:: ZED Books. p. 135.
2982:Herald of Oriental Studies
2743:10.1525/curh.1922.17.2.276
2476:Ahmed-Pasha Khimshiashvili
2014:Eastern Orthodox Christian
1881:Ethnic minorities include
1865:. The written language is
1645:
1619:
1439:
1417:
1395:
1373:
1351:
1329:
812:
808:
704:, officially known as the
29:
6398:
6352:
6326:
6295:
6274:
6203:
6182:
6101:
6080:
6054:
6038:
6022:
6001:
5985:
5969:
5928:
5912:
5886:
5855:
5814:
5793:
5772:
5751:
5735:
5717:
5696:
5665:
5649:
5510:
5472:
5434:
5401:
5303:
5270:
5222:
5179:
5156:
5133:
5091:
5032:
5016:
4996:
4938:
4927:
4906:
4852:
4598:
4535:Supreme Council of Adjara
4376:George, Julie A. (2009).
4257:14 September 2016 at the
4072:10.1017/S1755048318000585
3856:www.batumioilterminal.com
2492:Prime Minister of Georgia
2177:Khelvachauri Municipality
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2054:Khelvachauri Municipality
2006:Armenian Apostolic Church
1940:Armenian Apostolic Church
1397:Khelvachauri Municipality
1302:
1299:
1293:
1290:
793:, Adjara was part of the
761:, a regional subgroup of
714:
680:
655:
638:
623:
603:
590:
577:
559:
549:
539:
529:
522:
512:
502:
495:
485:
481:
461:
457:
441:
432:Armenian Apostolic Church
408:
359:
349:
308:
294:
284:
273:
260:
247:
235:
226:
196:
180:
175:
166:
150:
144:
4997:City with special status
4448:Cornell University Press
4203:University of California
4101:Kahraman, Alter (2021).
3794:"CHAIRMAN OF GOVERNMENT"
3231:Coene, Frederik (2010).
2568:Jewish Autonomous Oblast
2553:
2525:Georgia (country) portal
2018:Georgian Orthodox Church
1281:Administrative divisions
1096:Russian Foreign Ministry
992:Red Army invaded Georgia
855:Georgian Orthodox Church
30:Not to be confused with
4261:, Retrieved: 6 May 2016
2964:Hoch & KopeÄek 2011
1974:, came back to Adjara.
1968:Russian Orthodox Church
1256:Government building in
934:Russian Orthodox Church
742:, near the foot of the
541:⢠2014 census
5436:Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
5083:Historical regions of
4978:Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
4814:North Ossetia â Alania
4615:
2543:Merisi Mining District
2447:
2202:Shuakhevi Municipality
2046:Shuakhevi Municipality
1756:The regional capital,
1611:temperate rain forests
1586:
1419:Shuakhevi Municipality
1261:
1249:
757:Adjara is home to the
4613:
4390:10.1057/9780230102323
4178:Minority Rights Group
4060:Politics and Religion
2685:hdi.globaldatalab.org
2627:georgia-religion 2014
2442:
2425:Khelvachauri District
2152:Kobuleti Municipality
2038:Kobuleti Municipality
2034:Seventh-day Adventist
2032:, Jehovah's Witness,
1983:Georgian independence
1920:Orthodox Christianity
1573:
1464:Geography and climate
1375:Kobuleti Municipality
1255:
1247:
930:Treaty of San Stefano
894:Ottoman millet system
843:in the 11th century.
657: ⢠Summer (
514:⢠Water (%)
417:Orthodox Christianity
4908:Autonomous republics
4523:Government of Adjara
4466:10.7591/j.ctt1tm7gbw
4107:Nationalities Papers
3727:on 22 September 2020
3662:. 13 November 2007.
2490:(born 1964), former
2482:Selim Khimshiashvili
2370:Selim Khimshiashvili
2281:improve this article
2070:Orthodox Christians
1791:since that region's
1674:improve this article
1492:improve this article
1271:President of Georgia
1166:improve this article
876:(13th century), and
866:First Persian Empire
746:Mountains, north of
531:⢠2023 estimate
61:improve this article
6109:Balkar and Karachay
6072:Free City of Danzig
4774:Karachay-Cherkessia
3979:, pp. 101â102.
3519:, pp. 172â173.
3411:, pp. 122â123.
3398:. 21 December 2002.
3001:Europe-Asia Studies
2498:Levan Varshalomidze
2427:. The story of the
2063:
1948: Others (5.3%)
1912:Religion in Adjara
1631:northern hemisphere
1303:Pop. Density (p/km)
1117:Levan Varshalomidze
1080:Eduard Shevardnadze
1068:Mikheil Saakashvili
1049:Eduard Shevardnadze
1034:Independent Georgia
958:democratic republic
946:Kutaisi Governorate
837:Kingdom of Abkhazia
586:5.91 Billion (2022)
452:autonomous republic
330: /
295:Autonomous republic
169:Autonomous Republic
6093:TransylvaniaâBanat
4983:SamtskheâJavakheti
4750:Kabardino-Balkaria
4616:
4604:
4528:2023-06-07 at the
4382:Palgrave Macmillan
4119:10.1017/nps.2020.7
3945:Toft, Monica Duffy
3750:"Islam in Georgia"
3120:Lee, Eric (2017).
2876:, pp. 99â100.
2448:
2366:Khulo Municipality
2227:Khulo Municipality
2059:
2042:Khulo Municipality
2030:Armenian Apostolic
1847: other (1.3%)
1599:Samtskhe-Javakheti
1587:
1441:Khulo Municipality
1262:
1250:
1138:Law and government
1128:12th Military Base
920:in 1878 under the
847:Andrew the Apostle
689:[atÍĄĘĘźara]
573:2022 estimate
361:Ethnic groups
350:Official languages
6414:
6413:
5593:
5592:
5305:Mtskheta-Mtianeti
5050:
5049:
5037:independent (see
5009:
4968:Mtskheta-Mtianeti
4859:
4858:
4847:
4846:
4457:978-0-8014-3802-8
4399:978-0-230-61359-1
4360:978-0-87725-198-9
4234:978-90-5972-113-5
3963:978-0-691-12383-7
3781:Radio Free Europe
3320:. BBC. 4 May 2004
3318:"Aslan Abashidze"
3137:978-1-78699-092-1
2899:978-0-253-33958-4
2775:Stones that Speak
2504:Fyodor Yurchikhin
2464:Tbeli Abuserisdze
2398:Machakhelistskali
2357:
2356:
2349:
2331:
2250:
2249:
2127:Keda Municipality
2050:Keda Municipality
1750:
1749:
1742:
1724:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1542:
1461:
1460:
1353:Keda Municipality
1275:Tornike Rizhvadze
1242:
1241:
1234:
1216:
1070:. Adjaran leader
898:religious freedom
815:History of Adjara
669:
668:
592:⢠Per capita
475:Tornike Rizhvadze
334:41.650°N 42.000°E
137:
136:
129:
111:
27:Region of Georgia
16:(Redirected from
6454:
6375:Northern English
6318:Western Armenian
5977:North Kazakhstan
5727:Republika Srpska
5620:
5613:
5606:
5597:
5596:
5343:Tskhradzmiskhevi
5128:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5054:
5053:
5007:
4933:
4898:
4897:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4863:
4862:
4836:
4834:
4833:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4772:
4770:
4769:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4731:
4729:
4728:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4678:
4676:
4675:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4601:
4600:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4561:
4560:
4512:
4486:
4477:
4436:
4411:
4372:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4300:www.gobatumi.com
4292:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4268:
4262:
4248:
4239:
4238:
4226:
4212:
4206:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4170:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4098:
4092:
4091:
4057:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4015:. Archived from
4005:
3994:
3993:
3986:
3980:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3955:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3910:. Archived from
3900:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3880:
3872:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3827:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3809:
3800:. Archived from
3790:
3784:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3754:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3732:
3723:. Archived from
3712:
3706:
3705:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3640:. Archived from
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3605:
3599:
3593:
3587:
3581:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3430:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3359:
3353:
3347:
3341:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3314:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3291:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3237:(1st ed.).
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3212:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3126:(1st ed.).
3117:
3111:
3110:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3039:
3033:
3032:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2946:
2940:
2921:
2915:
2904:
2903:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2728:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2635:
2629:
2624:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2598:. Archived from
2588:
2571:
2564:
2527:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2352:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2289:
2265:
2257:
2064:
2058:
1985:first led to an
1957:Treaty of Berlin
1947:
1937:
1927:
1917:
1846:
1836:
1826:
1816:
1745:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1682:
1658:
1650:
1637:) slopes of the
1563:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1500:
1476:
1468:
1319:
1312:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1237:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1174:
1150:
1142:
1100:crisis in Adjara
996:Battle of Batumi
970:Treaty of Mudros
922:Treaty of Berlin
880:(14th century).
872:(11th century),
825:Caucasian Iberia
733:
732:
731:
725:
717:
716:
699:
698:
697:
691:
683:
682:
619:
618:
610:
570:
477:
345:
344:
342:
341:
340:
335:
331:
328:
327:
326:
323:
251:Georgian Kingdom
231:
215:
204:
192:
191:
183:
182:
161:
153:
152:
142:
141:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
6462:
6461:
6457:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6452:
6451:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6410:
6394:
6348:
6322:
6291:
6270:
6199:
6178:
6097:
6076:
6050:
6034:
6018:
5997:
5986:North Macedonia
5981:
5965:
5924:
5908:
5882:
5851:
5810:
5789:
5768:
5759:Turkish Cypriot
5747:
5731:
5719:
5713:
5692:
5661:
5657:Northern Epirus
5645:
5624:
5594:
5589:
5506:
5468:
5430:
5397:
5299:
5266:
5218:
5175:
5152:
5129:
5120:
5087:
5081:
5051:
5046:
5028:
5012:
4992:
4934:
4925:
4902:
4892:
4890:
4860:
4855:
4848:
4841:
4840:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4796:
4794:
4789:
4788:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4767:
4765:
4764:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4743:
4741:
4736:
4735:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4690:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4661:
4659:
4658:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4625:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4614:Soviet Caucasia
4594:
4588:
4530:Wayback Machine
4519:
4458:
4400:
4361:
4343:
4338:
4337:
4328:
4326:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4304:
4302:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4280:
4278:
4270:
4269:
4265:
4259:Wayback Machine
4249:
4242:
4235:
4224:
4213:
4209:
4196:
4192:
4183:
4181:
4172:
4171:
4167:
4158:
4156:
4146:
4142:
4099:
4095:
4050:
4046:
4038:
4031:
4022:
4020:
4007:
4006:
3997:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3975:
3971:
3964:
3953:
3942:
3938:
3930:
3926:
3917:
3915:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3887:
3885:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3860:
3858:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3833:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3807:
3805:
3792:
3791:
3787:
3775:
3771:
3753:(Word document)
3752:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3730:
3728:
3713:
3709:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3683:
3679:
3669:
3667:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3618:
3616:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3594:
3590:
3582:
3573:
3564:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3539:
3537:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3515:
3511:
3502:
3500:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3481:
3477:
3468:
3466:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3443:
3441:
3432:
3431:
3427:
3419:
3415:
3407:
3403:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3381:
3377:
3369:
3362:
3354:
3350:
3342:
3333:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3278:
3274:
3266:
3262:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3229:
3225:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3193:
3184:
3176:
3172:
3163:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3118:
3114:
3079:
3075:
3040:
3036:
2993:
2989:
2974:
2970:
2962:
2949:
2941:
2924:
2916:
2907:
2900:
2884:
2880:
2872:
2868:
2860:
2856:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2822:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2786:
2770:
2766:
2731:Current History
2721:
2717:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2689:
2687:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2648:
2646:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2614:
2605:
2603:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2488:Zurab Nogaideli
2470:Sopho Khalvashi
2458:Memed Abashidze
2452:Aslan Abashidze
2437:
2410:
2390:
2378:
2362:
2353:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2290:
2288:
2278:
2266:
2255:
2067:Municipalities
1997:. According to
1987:Islamic revival
1952:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1935:
1933:
1925:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1859:Georgian people
1851:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1834:
1832:
1824:
1822:
1814:
1809:
1801:
1764:and landlocked
1746:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1683:
1681:
1671:
1659:
1648:
1622:
1603:above sea level
1591:Lesser Caucasus
1564:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1501:
1499:
1489:
1477:
1466:
1317:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1295:
1283:
1267:Supreme Council
1238:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1175:
1173:
1163:
1151:
1140:
1076:Rose Revolution
1072:Aslan Abashidze
1064:Rose Revolution
1040:Aslan Abashidze
1036:
966:Treaty of Batum
954:
914:
886:
817:
811:
744:Lesser Caucasus
727:
726:
693:
692:
662:
616:
615:
614:
608:
593:
580:
564:
552:
542:
532:
515:
505:
490:Supreme Council
473:
472:
469:
466:
436:
434:
429:
424:
419:
412:
404:
365:
338:
336:
332:
329:
324:
321:
319:
317:
316:
315:
303:
296:
268:
262:
255:
249:
248:Part of unified
237:Sovereign state
222:
221:
220:
216:
209:
205:
185:
178:
177:
171:
162:
155:
147:
140:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6460:
6450:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6412:
6411:
6409:
6408:
6402:
6400:
6396:
6395:
6393:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6380:Northern Irish
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6356:
6354:
6353:United Kingdom
6350:
6349:
6347:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6299:
6297:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6278:
6276:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6207:
6205:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6192:
6186:
6184:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6105:
6103:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6084:
6082:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6058:
6056:
6052:
6051:
6049:
6048:
6042:
6040:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6032:
6026:
6024:
6020:
6019:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6005:
6003:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5995:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5973:
5971:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5963:
5958:
5956:South Tyrolean
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5932:
5930:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5916:
5914:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5883:
5881:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5859:
5857:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5811:
5809:
5808:
5803:
5797:
5795:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5787:
5782:
5776:
5774:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5761:
5755:
5753:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5745:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5723:
5721:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5711:
5706:
5700:
5698:
5694:
5693:
5691:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5669:
5667:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5646:
5623:
5622:
5615:
5608:
5600:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5516:
5514:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5492:Maghrandvaleti
5489:
5484:
5478:
5476:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5440:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5407:
5405:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5309:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5276:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5228:
5226:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5185:
5183:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5162:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5139:
5137:
5131:
5130:
5123:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5097:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5080:
5079:
5072:
5065:
5057:
5048:
5047:
5033:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5000:
4998:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4918:
4912:
4910:
4904:
4903:
4889:
4888:
4881:
4874:
4866:
4857:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4838:Stavropol Krai
4793:
4792:
4790:
4786:Krasnodar Krai
4740:
4739:
4737:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4587:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4518:
4517:External links
4515:
4514:
4513:
4495:(2): 247â265.
4478:
4456:
4446:(1 ed.).
4437:
4412:
4398:
4373:
4359:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4311:
4287:
4263:
4240:
4233:
4207:
4190:
4165:
4140:
4113:(2): 308â325.
4093:
4066:(2): 317â345.
4044:
4042:, p. 255.
4040:Sanikidze 2018
4029:
3995:
3981:
3969:
3962:
3936:
3924:
3895:
3867:
3843:
3814:
3785:
3769:
3741:
3707:
3689:
3677:
3647:
3644:on 2011-07-21.
3625:
3600:
3598:, p. 176.
3588:
3586:, p. 175.
3571:
3546:
3521:
3509:
3484:
3475:
3450:
3425:
3423:, p. 141.
3413:
3401:
3387:
3385:, p. 137.
3375:
3373:, p. 129.
3360:
3358:, p. 123.
3348:
3346:, p. 121.
3331:
3306:
3292:
3272:
3270:, p. 124.
3260:
3247:
3223:
3199:
3197:, p. 105.
3182:
3180:, p. 100.
3170:
3149:
3136:
3112:
3073:
3034:
2987:
2968:
2947:
2945:, p. 250.
2943:Sanikidze 2018
2922:
2920:, p. 249.
2918:Sanikidze 2018
2905:
2898:
2878:
2866:
2854:
2829:
2804:
2795:
2784:
2764:
2737:(2): 276â279.
2715:
2697:
2672:
2655:
2644:www.geostat.ge
2630:
2612:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2436:
2435:Notable people
2433:
2415:is an ancient
2409:
2406:
2389:
2386:
2377:
2374:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2337:September 2023
2269:
2267:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2102:City of Batumi
2098:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
1944:
1934:
1924:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1843:
1833:
1823:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1797:
1748:
1747:
1730:September 2023
1662:
1660:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1639:Meskheti Range
1621:
1618:
1607:Meskheti Range
1597:to the north,
1583:Gonio Fortress
1566:
1565:
1548:September 2023
1480:
1478:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1331:City of Batumi
1327:
1326:
1320:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1282:
1279:
1240:
1239:
1222:September 2023
1154:
1152:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1088:anticorruption
1035:
1032:
1004:Treaty of Kars
962:Ottoman Empire
953:
950:
918:Russian Empire
913:
912:Russian Empire
910:
885:
884:Ottoman period
882:
813:Main article:
810:
807:
803:Treaty of Kars
667:
666:
663:
656:
653:
652:
642:
636:
635:
625:
621:
620:
611:
601:
600:
594:
591:
588:
587:
581:
578:
575:
574:
571:
557:
556:
553:
551:⢠Density
550:
547:
546:
543:
540:
537:
536:
533:
530:
527:
526:
520:
519:
516:
513:
510:
509:
506:
503:
500:
499:
493:
492:
487:
483:
482:
479:
478:
470:
467:the Government
462:
459:
458:
455:
454:
443:
439:
438:
437:1.3% No answer
413:
410:
406:
405:
403:
402:
399:
393:
387:
381:
375:
368:
366:
363:
357:
356:
351:
347:
346:
339:41.650; 42.000
310:
306:
305:
301:
292:
291:
288:
282:
281:
278:
276:Russian Empire
271:
270:
266:
264:Ottoman Empire
258:
257:
253:
245:
244:
239:
233:
232:
224:
223:
210:
199:
198:
197:
194:
193:
173:
172:
167:
164:
163:
148:
145:
138:
135:
134:
117:September 2023
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6459:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6424:
6422:
6407:
6404:
6403:
6401:
6397:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6357:
6355:
6351:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6308:Eastern Greek
6306:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6294:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6273:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6202:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6181:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6134:Crimean Tatar
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6106:
6104:
6100:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6083:
6079:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6057:
6053:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6041:
6037:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6021:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6000:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5984:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5927:
5921:
5920:Cham Albanian
5918:
5917:
5915:
5911:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5885:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5854:
5848:
5847:North Catalan
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5813:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5792:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5771:
5765:
5764:Greek Cypriot
5762:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5728:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5716:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5695:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5648:
5643:
5640:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5621:
5616:
5614:
5609:
5607:
5602:
5601:
5598:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5509:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5471:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5439:
5437:
5433:
5427:
5426:Kvemo Svaneti
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5155:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5127:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5078:
5073:
5071:
5066:
5064:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5044:
5043:South Ossetia
5040:
5036:
5031:
5025:
5024:South Ossetia
5022:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5005:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4932:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4896:
4887:
4882:
4880:
4875:
4873:
4868:
4867:
4864:
4851:
4843:
4839:
4827:
4826:South Ossetia
4815:
4803:
4791:
4787:
4775:
4763:
4751:
4738:
4734:
4722:
4710:
4698:
4685:
4681:
4669:
4657:
4645:
4633:
4620:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4593:
4585:
4580:
4578:
4573:
4571:
4566:
4565:
4562:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4485:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4356:
4352:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4325:
4321:
4315:
4301:
4297:
4291:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4236:
4230:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4211:
4204:
4200:
4194:
4179:
4175:
4169:
4155:
4151:
4144:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4097:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4056:
4048:
4041:
4036:
4034:
4019:on 2016-08-09
4018:
4014:
4010:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3991:
3985:
3978:
3973:
3965:
3959:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3934:, p. 23.
3933:
3928:
3914:on 2020-02-14
3913:
3909:
3905:
3899:
3884:
3877:
3871:
3857:
3853:
3852:"Description"
3847:
3831:
3824:
3818:
3804:on 2023-12-25
3803:
3799:
3798:adjara.gov.ge
3795:
3789:
3782:
3778:
3773:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3751:
3745:
3738:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3699:
3693:
3686:
3681:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3643:
3639:
3638:constcourt.ge
3635:
3629:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3585:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3560:
3559:Civil Georgia
3556:
3550:
3535:
3534:Civil Georgia
3531:
3525:
3518:
3513:
3498:
3497:Civil Georgia
3494:
3488:
3479:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3439:
3438:Civil Georgia
3435:
3429:
3422:
3417:
3410:
3405:
3397:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3365:
3357:
3352:
3345:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3319:
3313:
3311:
3303:. 6 May 2004.
3302:
3296:
3290:
3289:0-521-29136-4
3286:
3282:
3276:
3269:
3264:
3250:
3248:9780415666831
3244:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3227:
3209:
3203:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3179:
3174:
3159:
3153:
3139:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3116:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2991:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2919:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2882:
2875:
2870:
2864:, p. 99.
2863:
2858:
2843:
2842:Georgia Today
2839:
2833:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2799:
2791:
2787:
2785:9781443821766
2781:
2777:
2776:
2768:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2727:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2701:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2665:
2659:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2628:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2602:on 2019-08-15
2601:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2583:
2569:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2515:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2446:in the 1900s.
2445:
2441:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2421:Sarpi village
2418:
2414:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2385:
2383:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2351:
2348:
2340:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2298: â
2297:
2293:
2292:Find sources:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2270:This section
2268:
2264:
2259:
2258:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2065:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1913:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1895:Pontic Greeks
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1840:
1830:
1820:
1807:Ethnic groups
1804:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1744:
1741:
1733:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691: â
1690:
1686:
1685:Find sources:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1663:This section
1661:
1657:
1652:
1651:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1559:
1551:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509: â
1508:
1504:
1503:Find sources:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1481:This section
1479:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1311:(17 Jan 2002)
1307:
1306:
1289:
1286:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1259:
1254:
1246:
1236:
1233:
1225:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183: â
1182:
1178:
1177:Find sources:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1155:This section
1153:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:Georgian army
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1053:free and fair
1050:
1045:
1041:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
980:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
949:
947:
944:, comprising
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
862:
860:
856:
852:
851:Mother of God
848:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
816:
806:
804:
800:
799:Adjarian ASSR
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
730:
724:
720:
711:
707:
703:
696:
690:
686:
677:
673:
664:
660:
654:
650:
646:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
628:Georgian lari
626:
622:
612:
606:
602:
599:16,652 (2022)
598:
595:
589:
585:
582:
576:
572:
568:
562:
558:
554:
548:
544:
538:
534:
528:
525:
521:
517:
511:
507:
501:
498:
494:
491:
488:
484:
480:
476:
471:
468:
460:
456:
453:
450:
449:parliamentary
447:
444:
440:
433:
428:
423:
418:
414:
407:
400:
398:
394:
392:
388:
386:
382:
380:
376:
374:
370:
369:
367:
362:
358:
355:
352:
348:
343:
314:
311:
307:
302:
300:
293:
289:
287:
283:
279:
277:
272:
267:
265:
259:
254:
252:
246:
243:
240:
238:
234:
230:
225:
219:
214:
208:
203:
195:
189:
174:
170:
165:
159:
143:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: â
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
6014:Transnistria
5512:Tao-Klarjeti
5474:Shida Kartli
5272:Kvemo Kartli
5134:
5034:
4988:Shida Kartli
4963:Kvemo Kartli
4920:
4643:
4492:
4488:
4442:
4427:(5): 57â72.
4424:
4420:
4377:
4349:
4327:. Retrieved
4324:gobatumi.com
4323:
4314:
4303:. Retrieved
4299:
4296:"Machahloba"
4290:
4279:. Retrieved
4276:gobatumi.com
4275:
4266:
4220:
4210:
4198:
4193:
4182:. Retrieved
4180:. 2015-06-19
4177:
4168:
4157:. Retrieved
4153:
4143:
4110:
4106:
4096:
4063:
4059:
4047:
4021:. Retrieved
4017:the original
4012:
3984:
3972:
3949:
3939:
3927:
3916:. Retrieved
3912:the original
3907:
3898:
3886:. Retrieved
3882:
3870:
3859:. Retrieved
3855:
3846:
3834:. Retrieved
3829:
3817:
3806:. Retrieved
3802:the original
3797:
3788:
3772:
3764:
3756:
3744:
3736:
3729:. Retrieved
3725:the original
3710:
3701:
3692:
3680:
3668:. Retrieved
3659:
3650:
3642:the original
3637:
3628:
3617:. Retrieved
3603:
3591:
3563:. Retrieved
3561:. 2004-01-21
3558:
3549:
3538:. Retrieved
3536:. 2004-01-25
3533:
3524:
3512:
3501:. Retrieved
3499:. 2004-01-19
3496:
3487:
3478:
3467:. Retrieved
3453:
3442:. Retrieved
3440:. 2004-01-25
3437:
3428:
3416:
3404:
3390:
3378:
3351:
3322:. Retrieved
3295:
3275:
3268:Kaufman 2001
3263:
3252:. Retrieved
3233:
3226:
3215:. Retrieved
3213:. 1921-10-23
3202:
3173:
3162:. Retrieved
3152:
3141:. Retrieved
3122:
3115:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3051:
3047:
3037:
3004:
3000:
2990:
2981:
2971:
2966:, p. 7.
2888:
2881:
2869:
2857:
2846:. Retrieved
2841:
2832:
2821:. Retrieved
2816:
2807:
2798:
2790:Google Books
2788:– via
2774:
2767:
2734:
2730:
2718:
2710:bucknell.edu
2709:
2700:
2688:. Retrieved
2684:
2675:
2658:
2647:. Retrieved
2643:
2633:
2604:. Retrieved
2600:the original
2595:
2586:
2562:
2411:
2394:Khelvachauri
2391:
2379:
2363:
2343:
2334:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2291:
2279:Please help
2274:verification
2271:
2076:Irreligious
2060:
2003:
1995:Sunni Muslim
1976:
1965:
1953:
1911:
1880:
1876:Azerbaijanis
1852:
1802:
1799:Demographics
1792:
1786:
1774:Turkmenistan
1755:
1751:
1736:
1727:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1684:
1672:Please help
1667:verification
1664:
1623:
1615:
1588:
1581:resort near
1554:
1545:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1502:
1490:Please help
1485:verification
1482:
1323:
1284:
1263:
1228:
1219:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1176:
1164:Please help
1159:verification
1156:
1132:
1121:
1112:embezzlement
1061:
1037:
1028:
1016:
978:
974:
955:
942:Batumi okrug
915:
887:
863:
859:Christianity
845:
818:
791:Soviet Union
789:. Under the
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
756:
718:
705:
701:
684:
671:
670:
665:not observed
579:⢠Total
504:⢠Total
261:Conquered by
218:Coat of arms
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
6023:Netherlands
5780:Greenlandic
5720:Herzegovina
5642:nationalism
5631:regionalism
5565:Zemo Kartli
5502:Zena Sopeli
5295:Dmaniskhevi
5237:Gagmamkhari
5232:Garekakheti
5116:Samurzakano
4216:Nodia, Ghia
3977:George 2009
3932:George 2009
3888:16 February
3836:16 February
3830:teebweb.org
3596:George 2009
3584:George 2009
3517:George 2009
3421:George 2009
3409:George 2009
3383:George 2009
3371:George 2009
3356:George 2009
3344:George 2009
3324:11 November
3195:George 2009
3178:George 2009
2874:George 2009
2862:George 2009
2388:Machakhloba
2048:, 62.1% in
2044:, 74.4% in
1300:Population
1021:within the
952:Soviet rule
486:Legislature
465:Chairman of
401:0.9% others
337: /
256:9th century
6421:Categories
6211:Andalusian
6129:Circassian
5970:Kazakhstan
5718:Bosnia and
5666:Azerbaijan
5635:separatism
5497:Samachablo
5383:Khevsureti
5338:Ksniskhevi
5143:Machakhela
4802:Nakhchivan
4733:Ingushetia
4680:Azerbaijan
4474:1160511946
4329:2023-12-28
4320:"Kolkhoba"
4305:2023-12-28
4281:2023-12-28
4272:"Selimoba"
4184:2023-10-25
4174:"Ajarians"
4159:2023-10-25
4023:2021-08-16
3918:2017-02-01
3883:geostat.ge
3861:2023-12-28
3808:2023-12-25
3703:anonymity.
3619:2022-09-05
3611:(Report).
3565:2022-09-05
3540:2022-09-05
3503:2022-09-05
3469:2022-09-05
3461:(Report).
3444:2022-09-05
3254:2022-09-05
3217:2022-03-03
3164:2022-09-05
3143:2022-09-05
3093:(2): 286.
3054:(2): 266.
3007:(2): 284.
2848:2022-12-07
2823:2022-12-07
2690:3 December
2649:2021-02-14
2606:2021-02-14
2578:References
2538:Laz people
2307:newspapers
2052:and 56.3%
1999:Ghia Nodia
1770:Kazakhstan
1762:Azerbaijan
1700:newspapers
1518:newspapers
1192:newspapers
868:(500 BC),
524:Population
518:negligible
442:Government
435:1.3% Other
391:Ukrainians
286:Adjar ASSR
87:newspapers
6266:Valencian
6261:Navarrese
6236:Castilian
6216:Aragonese
6190:Vojvodina
6062:Kashubian
5946:Sardinian
5873:Javakheti
5863:Abkhazian
5644:in Europe
5639:stateless
5627:Movements
5585:Javakheti
5560:Sokhoista
5540:Shavsheti
5459:Samegrelo
5454:Sabediano
5416:Lechkhumi
5363:Tchartali
5348:Tsanareti
5333:Tskhavati
5285:Gardabani
5214:Sajavakho
5199:Mukhurisi
5101:Abkhazeti
5008:(capital)
4509:2325-8381
4433:1803-1757
4408:320435107
4135:225548999
4127:0090-5992
4088:150339133
4080:1755-0483
4013:census.ge
3908:census.ge
3731:9 October
3029:154783461
2817:Agenda.ge
2759:251524942
2751:0011-3530
2596:census.ge
2494:2005â2007
2429:Argonauts
2382:Shuakhevi
2376:Shuamtoba
1993:, remain
1891:Armenians
1855:Adjarians
1829:Armenians
1819:Georgians
1579:Black Sea
1044:civil war
979:Liverpool
977:HMS
926:Adjarians
763:Georgians
759:Adjarians
740:Black Sea
640:Time zone
617:very high
409:Religion
379:Armenians
373:Georgians
274:Ceded to
6399:See also
6385:Scottish
6303:Assyrian
6246:Galician
6231:Canarian
6221:Asturian
6169:Siberian
6159:Ossetian
6144:Karelian
6067:Silesian
6009:Gagauzia
5961:Venetian
5951:Sicilian
5941:Padanian
5904:Swabians
5894:Bavarian
5878:Ossetian
5868:Adjarian
5837:Corsican
5822:Alsatian
5580:Samtskhe
5575:Trialeti
5525:Klarjeti
5482:Bazaleti
5353:Tsilkani
5318:Mukhrani
5313:Mtiuleti
5290:Gachiani
5280:Borchalo
5257:Saingilo
5242:Gujareti
5111:Tsebelda
5093:Abkhazia
5039:Abkhazia
5035:De facto
4916:Abkhazia
4762:Kalmykia
4709:Dagestan
4697:Chechnya
4632:Abkhazia
4592:Caucasus
4526:Archived
4369:39282004
4255:Archived
4154:Refworld
3947:(2003).
3664:Archived
3107:40105753
3068:40105753
3021:41478346
2638:Circle.
2511:See also
2413:Kolkhoba
2408:Kolkhoba
2402:Chorokhi
2360:Selimoba
2296:"Adjara"
2106:105,004
2073:Muslims
2026:Catholic
1905:Religion
1887:Russians
1867:Georgian
1863:Adjarian
1839:Russians
1793:de facto
1789:Abkhazia
1689:"Adjara"
1635:windward
1627:Caucasus
1507:"Adjara"
1341:152,839
1338:121,806
1181:"Adjara"
906:nobility
890:Ottomans
878:Timurids
779:Adzharia
710:Georgian
676:Georgian
624:Currency
446:Devolved
385:Russians
354:Georgian
188:Georgian
158:Georgian
76:"Adjara"
6365:English
6360:Cornish
6344:Luhansk
6339:Donetsk
6334:Crimean
6327:Ukraine
6313:Kurdish
6256:Murcian
6251:Leonese
6241:Catalan
6124:Chuvash
6119:Chechen
6114:Bashkir
6088:SzĂŠkely
6081:Romania
6030:Frisian
6002:Moldova
5993:Ilirida
5936:Lombard
5887:Germany
5856:Georgia
5842:Occitan
5801:Ă
landic
5794:Finland
5785:Faroese
5773:Denmark
5743:Istrian
5736:Croatia
5709:Walloon
5704:Flemish
5697:Belgium
5678:Kurdish
5673:Artsakh
5650:Albania
5555:Basiani
5545:Ardahan
5487:Dvaleti
5464:Svaneti
5411:Takveri
5393:Khorkhi
5373:Khandro
5358:Tsobeni
5262:Tusheti
5224:Kakheti
5209:Sachino
5189:Argveti
5181:Imereti
5148:Chaneti
5085:Georgia
5004:Tbilisi
4958:Kakheti
4953:Imereti
4940:Regions
4721:Georgia
4668:Armenia
4341:Sources
3670:30 June
3660:Reuters
2321:scholar
2237:22,072
2212:11,193
2187:28,841
2181:18,618
2162:21,573
2156:48,696
2137:10,411
2112:38,762
2093:Number
2087:Number
2081:Number
2022:Muslims
1972:Muhacir
1961:Kakheti
1932:(39.8%)
1922:(54.5%)
1778:Caspian
1766:Armenia
1714:scholar
1646:Economy
1620:Climate
1532:scholar
1454:28,300
1451:23,327
1429:15,044
1407:51,189
1385:74,794
1363:16,760
1344:183,200
1324:(2024)
1322:Census
1206:scholar
1059:(AER).
938:Muhacir
874:Mongols
870:Seljuks
861:there.
821:Colchis
809:History
797:as the
783:Atchara
775:Adjaria
736:Georgia
685:Achâara
545:336,077
535:361,400
463:â˘
322:41°39â˛N
309:Capital
299:Georgia
297:within
242:Georgia
101:scholar
32:Adjarra
6427:Adjara
6296:Turkey
6287:Scania
6275:Sweden
6226:Basque
6195:Kosovo
6183:Serbia
6154:Manchu
6149:Lezgin
6139:Ingush
6102:Russia
6055:Poland
6039:Norway
5913:Greece
5832:Breton
5827:Basque
5815:France
5752:Cyprus
5688:Talysh
5683:Lezgin
5550:Nigali
5449:Odishi
5444:Egrisi
5388:Kherki
5328:Pkhovi
5323:Pshavi
5252:Hereti
5247:Kiziki
5204:Okriba
5171:Surebi
5166:Lazika
5135:Adjara
5106:Abzhua
5006:
4921:Adjara
4835:
4823:
4811:
4783:
4771:
4759:
4747:
4730:
4718:
4706:
4694:
4677:
4665:
4656:Adygea
4653:
4644:Adjara
4641:
4629:
4507:
4472:
4464:
4454:
4431:
4406:
4396:
4367:
4357:
4231:
4133:
4125:
4086:
4078:
3960:
3757:gov.uk
3287:
3245:
3239:London
3134:
3128:London
3105:
3066:
3027:
3019:
2896:
2782:
2757:
2749:
2444:Batumi
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2294:
2206:3,532
2193:1,816
2168:2,728
2131:5,235
2118:3,961
2010:Batumi
1946:
1942:(0.3%)
1938:
1936:
1928:
1926:
1918:
1916:
1899:Abkhaz
1897:, and
1871:census
1845:
1841:(1.1%)
1837:
1835:
1831:(1.6%)
1827:
1825:
1817:
1815:
1758:Batumi
1716:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1687:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1505:
1448:33,430
1432:14,500
1426:21,850
1410:52,900
1404:90,843
1388:68,100
1382:88,063
1366:16,300
1360:20,024
1318:(2014)
1315:Census
1308:Census
1258:Batumi
1208:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1179:
1108:Batumi
1094:, the
1092:Moscow
1012:Batumi
1008:Muslim
1000:Ankara
833:Lazica
829:Greeks
787:Achara
771:Ajaria
752:Batumi
748:Turkey
712::
702:Achara
678::
672:Adjara
609:(2021)
607:
563:
420:39.8%
415:54.5%
411:(2014)
397:Greeks
371:96.0%
364:(2014)
325:42°0â˛E
313:Batumi
184:
176:Adjara
154:
146:Adjara
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
6390:Welsh
6204:Spain
6174:Tatar
5929:Italy
5899:Sorbs
5530:Speri
5421:Racha
5378:Khevi
5368:Khada
5158:Guria
5017:Other
4948:Guria
4462:JSTOR
4225:(PDF)
4131:S2CID
4084:S2CID
3954:(PDF)
3879:(PDF)
3826:(PDF)
3211:(PDF)
3103:JSTOR
3064:JSTOR
3025:S2CID
3017:JSTOR
2755:S2CID
2667:(PDF)
2554:Notes
2328:JSTOR
2314:books
2240:94.6
2215:74.4
2209:23.4
2190:56.3
2184:36.3
2165:28.8
2159:65.1
2140:62.1
2134:31.2
2115:25.3
2109:68.7
1991:Khulo
1930:Islam
1821:(96%)
1782:Supsa
1721:JSTOR
1707:books
1595:Guria
1575:Gonio
1539:JSTOR
1525:books
1347:2,822
1294:Area
1213:JSTOR
1199:books
1084:Gonio
902:Islam
767:Ajara
700:) or
681:áááá á
645:UTC+4
613:0.806
430:0.3%
425:2.8%
422:Islam
395:0.2%
389:0.2%
383:1.1%
377:1.6%
151:áááá á
108:JSTOR
94:books
6282:SĂĄmi
6164:SĂĄmi
6046:SĂĄmi
5806:SĂĄmi
5637:and
5570:Tori
5535:Kola
5194:Vake
4505:ISSN
4470:OCLC
4452:ISBN
4429:ISSN
4404:OCLC
4394:ISBN
4365:OCLC
4355:ISBN
4229:ISBN
4123:ISSN
4076:ISSN
3958:ISBN
3890:2024
3838:2024
3733:2015
3672:2017
3326:2021
3285:ISBN
3243:ISBN
3132:ISBN
2894:ISBN
2780:ISBN
2747:ISSN
2692:2018
2400:and
2300:news
2246:0.1
2234:4.1
2231:956
2221:0.5
2196:3.5
2171:3.6
2146:3.7
2143:624
2121:2.5
1981:and
1977:The
1853:The
1772:and
1693:news
1577:, a
1511:news
1335:64.9
1296:(km)
1291:Name
1185:news
998:and
888:The
823:and
785:and
497:Area
427:None
304:1991
290:1921
280:1878
269:1614
207:Flag
80:news
5629:of
5520:Tao
4497:doi
4386:doi
4115:doi
4068:doi
3095:doi
3056:doi
3009:doi
2739:doi
2417:Laz
2283:by
2243:28
2218:76
1883:Laz
1676:by
1494:by
1457:39
1445:710
1423:588
1413:129
1401:410
1391:122
1379:720
1357:452
1168:by
1014:.
659:DST
649:UTC
632:GEL
605:HDI
567:PPP
561:GDP
63:by
6423::
5633:,
5041:,
4503:.
4491:.
4487:.
4468:.
4460:.
4450:.
4423:.
4419:.
4402:.
4392:.
4384:.
4380:.
4363:.
4322:.
4298:.
4274:.
4243:^
4176:.
4152:.
4129:.
4121:.
4111:49
4109:.
4105:.
4082:.
4074:.
4064:12
4062:.
4058:.
4032:^
4011:.
3998:^
3906:.
3881:.
3854:.
3828:.
3796:.
3779:,
3763:.
3759:.
3755:.
3735:.
3719:.
3658:.
3636:.
3574:^
3557:.
3532:.
3495:.
3436:.
3363:^
3334:^
3309:^
3283:,
3185:^
3101:.
3089:.
3085:.
3062:.
3050:.
3046:.
3023:.
3015:.
3005:64
3003:.
2999:.
2980:.
2950:^
2925:^
2908:^
2840:.
2815:.
2753:.
2745:.
2735:17
2733:.
2729:.
2708:.
2683:.
2642:.
2615:^
2594:.
2423:,
2096:%
2090:%
2084:%
2056:.
2028:,
2020:.
1901:.
1893:,
1889:,
1885:,
1878:.
1613:.
1435:24
1369:36
948:.
805:.
781:,
777:,
773:,
769:,
5619:e
5612:t
5605:v
5076:e
5069:t
5062:v
5045:)
4885:e
4878:t
4871:v
4583:e
4576:t
4569:v
4511:.
4499::
4493:4
4476:.
4435:.
4425:V
4410:.
4388::
4371:.
4332:.
4308:.
4284:.
4237:.
4187:.
4162:.
4137:.
4117::
4090:.
4070::
4026:.
3992:.
3966:.
3921:.
3892:.
3864:.
3840:.
3811:.
3674:.
3622:.
3568:.
3543:.
3506:.
3472:.
3447:.
3328:.
3257:.
3220:.
3167:.
3146:.
3109:.
3097::
3091:2
3070:.
3058::
3052:2
3031:.
3011::
2984:.
2902:.
2851:.
2826:.
2792:.
2761:.
2741::
2712:.
2694:.
2669:.
2652:.
2609:.
2570:.
2350:)
2344:(
2339:)
2335:(
2325:¡
2318:¡
2311:¡
2304:¡
2277:.
1743:)
1737:(
1732:)
1728:(
1718:¡
1711:¡
1704:¡
1697:¡
1670:.
1585:.
1561:)
1555:(
1550:)
1546:(
1536:¡
1529:¡
1522:¡
1515:¡
1488:.
1260:.
1235:)
1229:(
1224:)
1220:(
1210:¡
1203:¡
1196:¡
1189:¡
1162:.
708:(
674:(
661:)
651:)
647:(
634:)
630:(
597:âž
584:âž
569:)
565:(
190:)
186:(
160:)
156:(
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:¡
98:¡
91:¡
84:¡
57:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
