331:, Meg Christian, Judy Dlugacz, Cyndi Gair and Helaine Harris described the label as a new national women's recording company. In this interview, Meg Christian described Olivia Records as a form of lobbying, and Judy Dlugacz directly tied the label to the broader women's movement. Ginny Berson explained their vision for women to gain social power and capital by creating alternative economic institutions that would enable women to control their own economic situation. She identified the fastest way to eliminate oppressive/discriminating/harassing workplaces as by employing women, promoting women, and investing women's money in women.
2261:
339:. Similar to women's music festivals, Olivia Records favored apprenticeship and mentoring as staple organizational practices. The founders of Olivia Records were not the only LGBTQ activists to criticize American capitalism or consumerism, and many subculture bars, bookstores, coffee shops, and presses were created to carve out physical and intellectual queer spaces in the American marketplace. The
293:, then a struggling Los Angeles artist, sent her demo to Olivia, but was ultimately rejected. Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time. She saved the rejection letter, signed by "the women of Olivia," which was featured in
273:
in 1977. The remaining five women of the collective, who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years, began to disperse. Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988. The two 15th-anniversary concerts
326:
Olivia
Records promoted music that validated women's and lesbian's experiences, including lyrical and musical expressions of love, anger, fear, and humor. Lyrics by artists on Olivia Records frequently described personal or local problems rather than address global women's issues. Fans bonded to the
215:
Olivia
Records echoed the philosophy cultural production of lesbian feminist separatists. But although Olivia Records claimed to benefit all women, the business was primarily led and promoted the interests of white middle-class American lesbians. In the late 1970s, Olivia expanded in inclusivity by
327:
musicians and to each other, thus forming women-centered musical communities. Early interviews with the founders of Olivia
Records show an acute awareness of the radical political message embedded in the very creation of the label. In an August 1974 interview about the creation of Olivia Records,
334:
The economic philosophy and business operations that differentiated Olivia
Records from mainstream records reflected the idealistic hopes of its founders, and the label's executives revelled in experimenting with unknown artists and inexperienced producers. As an independent label, Olivia Records
139:
labels such as Olivia contributed to a 1970s lesbian sub-culture by providing a public platform for the expression of topics that were lacking in dominant political discourse, and helped consumers develop strategies to cope with, organize, and articulate their experiences.
212:, Jennifer Woodhul, and Kate Winter relocated the company from Washington D.C. to California. But Olivia's business philosophy ultimately contributed to financial problems and internal conflicts among staff and artists contributed to its restructuring and ultimate demise.
179:
responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia, but the collective politely declined. Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person, they made $ 12,000 with the single, which was enough to release
Christian's first album,
348:
production techniques. Similarly, lesbians were valuing alternative forms of commerce, including gifting and trading. Lesbians were reclaiming handmade objects and domestic products, and the rise of acoustic folk music was an offshoot of all of these trends.
343:
aesthetic of Olivia
Records mirrored broader trends that proliferated in the American lesbian arts and counter-marketplace during the 1970s and 80s, including the rejection of mass-production and big corporations in favor of crafts, folk art, and
274:
at
Carnegie Hall were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history. In 1988, the record label restructured and morphed into a broader women-centered social business venture resulted in the branding of
248:
from ca. 1976-1978, recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period. She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman.
234:, a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund. Included on the 13 track LP was Meg Christian's "Ode To A Gym Teacher" and
1000:
2339:
2314:
2319:
1163:
265:, Olivia's idealist and inexperienced business practices led to significant financial hardship. Meg Christian left the record label in 1984. Olivia moved first to
943:
The second edition includes a new foreword that describes her anti-trans work after the publication of her thesis project as the first edition in the late 70s.
2329:
107:, Jennifer Woodul, Kate Winter and five others. Olivia Records sold two million records and produced about 40 albums during its twenty years of operation.
1050:
Berson, Ginny; Christian, Meg; Dlugacz, Judy; Gair, Cyndi; Harris, Helaine (August–September 1974). "the muses of olivia: our own economy, our own song".
2078:
175:
with
Christian's song "Lady" on one side and Williamson's "If It Weren't for the Music" on the other. The single sold for $ 1.50, plus mailing costs.
2359:
357:
Cris
Williamson and Judy Dlugacz were awarded the 2018 Jack Emerson Lifetime Achievement Award for Executive by the Americana Music Association.
289:
records, it was most successful with acoustic solo acts, although sometimes it failed to identify mainstream talent. In 1985, singer/songwriter
2349:
1581:
2299:
551:
2284:
1230:
1120:
Murray, Heather (May 2007). "Free for All
Lesbians: Lesbian Cultural Production and Consumption in the United States during the 1970s".
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2054:
1265:
1200:
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1777:
2294:
1533:
152:
First called the "Olivia Collective", the group that founded the record label named itself and the label after the heroine of
2324:
1164:"Olivia Records' Judy Dlugacz and Cris Williamson to Receive Americana Jack Emerson Lifetime Achievement Award for Executive"
171:
Christian and Cris Williamson were the two best-selling artists signed to Olivia Records. In 1973, the collective released a
2334:
2309:
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1915:
1907:
1631:
144:
encouraged the Olivia collective to use an independent music label as an economic base for lesbian social organizing.
1923:
1561:
684:
633:
Slominski, Tes (2015). "Doin' Time with Meg and Cris, Thirty Years Later: The Queer Temporality of Pseudonostalgia".
596:
526:
1591:
120:
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sold over ten thousand copies in its first year, and eventually sold over 70,000 copies for Olivia Records, while
1891:
1661:
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2070:
1696:
1621:
1601:
1566:
1258:
160:, who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school. The heroine and the novel were both called
2289:
1666:
497:
Dolan, Jill. "Feeling Women's Culture: Women's Music, Lesbian Feminism, and the Impact of Emotional Memory".
168:, Judy Dlugacz, Jennifer Woodul, Kate Winter and five other women—borrowed $ 4,000 to form the record label.
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1974:
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in Washington D.C. which centers female musicians. Its founders included prominent lesbian figures
2014:
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404:
2038:
1958:
1950:
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1606:
1503:
1030:
Love, Nancy Sue (Fall 2002). "Singing For our Lives: Women's Music and Democratic Politics".
585:
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1101:
1089:
978:
846:
Rodnitzky, Jerome L. (2008). "Songs of sisterhood: The music of women's liberation".
768:
760:
690:
680:
675:
Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth-Century America
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532:
522:
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128:
119:
movement emerged in the 1970s that reacted to the discrimination of women within the
1463:
1348:
802:
Listening to the Sirens: Musical Technologies of Queer Identity from Homer to Hedwig
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cultivated a fan base through music festivals, coffee houses and bookstores, and
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1990:
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Unable to reinvent itself for the changing musical landscape for women, from
262:
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217:
165:
157:
100:
92:
35:
1072:
Morris, Bonnie (June 2015). "Olivia Records: The Production of a Movement".
772:
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1998:
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1408:
1398:
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1318:
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224:. In 1977, after attacks on municipal gay rights ordinances spearheaded by
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979:"Gen(d)erations: How Sandy Stone "Struck Back" Against Transmisogyny"
875:
Songs In Black and Lavender: Race, Sexual Politics, and Women's Music
576:
399:
552:"How Olivia Became The Most Successful Lesbian Business of All Time"
1243:
1220:
394:
235:
176:
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1541:
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270:
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in 1975 to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to
764:
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became one of the top-selling albums on any independent label.
1747:
184:
in 1974, and a year later, Williamson's groundbreaking album
519:
Olivia on the Record: A Radical Experiment in Women's Music
318:, Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label.
1049:
889:"Lesbian Concentrate: A Lesbianthology of Songs and Poems"
257:
Following a sold-out tenth-anniversary best-of concert at
1231:"How Should We Archive the Soundtrack to 1970s Feminism?"
1001:"Review/Music; Female Artists' Tribute To Record Company"
877:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. pp. 54–55.
820:
Goldin-Perschbacher, Shana (November 2013). "Olivia".
727:
679:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 221.
2340:
Radical feminist organizations in the United States
2315:
Lesbian feminist organizations in the United States
819:
785:
Lesbian News. Jan2006, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p22-23. 2p.
750:
672:
584:
2320:Lesbian organizations based in the United States
2276:
1201:"Olivia Records is a Success in 'Women's Music'"
635:Women and Music: A Journal of Gender and Culture
216:promoting the music of African American artists
1193:Comprehensive Radio Documentary and Discography
804:. University of California Press. p. 169.
521:. San Francisco, California: Aunt Lute Books.
1259:
948:
930:
751:The Women of Olivia (August 1974). "Olivia".
1216:"Olivia Records, a Healthy Gain in 15 Years"
2330:LGBTQ culture in the San Francisco Bay Area
2055:Azalea: A Magazine by Third World Lesbians
1582:Connexxus Women's Center/Centro de Mujeres
1266:
1252:
830:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.A2267398
2079:Amazones d'Hier, Lesbiennes d'Aujourd'hui
845:
632:
2228:Paris Lesbian and Feminist Film Festival
954:
941:(2nd ed.). Teachers College Press.
746:
744:
667:
575:
512:
510:
508:
499:Journal of Dramatic Theory and Criticism
2360:1973 establishments in Washington, D.C.
1778:Lesbians in the Spanish Second Republic
1213:
936:
799:
549:
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1228:
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516:
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1115:
1113:
1111:
1067:
1065:
999:Holden, Stephen (November 28, 1988).
977:Riedel, Samantha (October 17, 2019).
955:Williams, Cristan (August 16, 2014).
916:"From Lesbian Nation to Queer Nation"
913:
872:
815:
813:
811:
741:
709:"Olivia: If It Weren't For The Music"
628:
626:
624:
505:
199:
2350:Record labels disestablished in 1988
1273:
1229:Morris, Bonnie J. (March 30, 2018).
1199:Holden, Stephen (November 4, 1983).
1029:
970:
543:
492:
490:
281:Even though Olivia Records released
2300:Lesbian culture in Washington, D.C.
1122:Journal of the History of Sexuality
1038:
1018:
866:
836:
788:
779:
550:Bernard, Riese (October 27, 2016).
13:
2285:American independent record labels
1916:Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold
1908:The Straight Mind and Other Essays
1632:Leeds Revolutionary Feminist Group
1186:
1108:
1062:
808:
621:
14:
2371:
2345:Record labels established in 1973
1924:Your Silence Will Not Protect You
1562:Atlanta Lesbian Feminist Alliance
1104:– via Taylor & Francis.
1034:: 71–94 – via Project MUSE.
591:(First Jove/HBJ ed.). Jove.
496:
487:
60:California corporation since 1975
2259:
1592:Daughters of Bilitis (Australia)
1214:Liveten, Sharon (May 14, 1988).
914:Sayer, Susan (October 1, 1995).
832:– via Oxford Music Online.
2208:Michigan Womyn's Music Festival
1892:Zami: A New Spelling of My Name
1662:Lesbian Organization of Toronto
1156:
992:
881:
2071:Onyx: Black Lesbian Newsletter
1697:Sisters for Homophile Equality
1622:June L. Mazer Lesbian Archives
1602:First Black Lesbian Conference
1567:Bi-National Lesbian Conference
759:(4). Milwaukee, Wisconsin: 2.
701:
661:
569:
1:
2295:Lesbian culture in California
1667:Lesbians Against Pit Closures
1086:10.1080/10894160.2015.1026699
480:
321:
164:. The founders—Ginny Berson,
147:
2325:LGBTQ culture in Los Angeles
1547:Amazon Bookstore Cooperative
278:, a lesbian travel company.
7:
2335:Radical feminist mass media
2310:Lesbian feminist mass media
2218:Mountain Moving Coffeehouse
1773:Lesbians in Francoist Spain
1647:Lesbian Feminist Liberation
1459:Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon
1058:(9): 2–3 – via JSTOR.
957:"TERF hate and Sandy Stone"
735:"May 2008 - Olivia Records"
194:The Changer and the Changed
186:The Changer and the Changed
10:
2376:
2111:Journal of Lesbian Studies
2063:Common Lives/Lesbian Lives
1975:The Woman-Identified Woman
1728:Compulsory heterosexuality
1672:Lincoln Legion of Lesbians
1657:Lesbian Movement (Denmark)
1572:Chicago Lesbian Liberation
1074:Journal of Lesbian Studies
753:Amazon: A Feminist Journal
360:
252:
133:1960s US feminist movement
110:
2256:
2248:Women's Week Provincetown
2165:
1934:
1843:
1836:
1710:
1682:Oregon Women's Land Trust
1652:Lesbian Herstory Archives
1577:Combahee River Collective
1532:
1281:
1195:from Queer Music Heritage
860:10.1080/03007767508591074
848:Popular Music and Society
352:
303:documentary of her life.
74:
64:
56:
41:
31:
26:
1753:Gender-critical feminism
800:Peraino, Judith (2005).
517:Berson, Ginny Z (2020).
2015:Lesbian Feminist Circle
1612:Gay Women's Alternative
1439:Melanie Kaye/Kantrowitz
501:. Spring 2002: 205–219.
238:'s "Leaping Lesbians".
2151:Hannah Gadsby: Nanette
2087:Dykes to Watch Out For
939:The Transsexual Empire
873:Hayes, Eileen (2010).
2355:Lesbian-related music
1607:The Furies Collective
1504:Margaret Sloan-Hunter
1134:10.1353/sex.2007.0046
647:10.1353/wam.2015.0025
2290:Feminist collectives
2198:Lesbian pulp fiction
1793:Political lesbianism
1587:Daughters of Bilitis
937:Raymond, J. (1994).
16:Women's record label
2305:Lesbian collectives
2266:Feminism portal
2007:Dykes & Gorgons
1743:Feminist separatism
1637:Lesbian Art Project
715:. December 27, 2012
451:Lucie Blue Tremblay
337:mail order catalogs
301:Lifetime Television
231:Lesbian Concentrate
27:Olivia Records Inc.
2193:Lesbian literature
2031:Lesbian Connection
1798:Radical lesbianism
1687:Salsa Soul Sisters
1474:Ruth Mountaingrove
1309:Evelyn Torton Beck
1152:– via JSTOR.
1005:The New York Times
822:Grove Music Online
200:Move to California
2272:
2271:
2233:Peg's Place (bar)
2213:Motherpeace Tarot
2166:Actions and ideas
2161:
2160:
1758:Lesbian bed death
1364:Stormé DeLarverie
1314:Miriam Ben-Shalom
1299:Ti-Grace Atkinson
1209:. p. C00016.
669:Faderman, Lillian
296:Intimate Portrait
291:Melissa Etheridge
228:, Olivia put out
208:, Meg Christian,
129:heteronormativity
82:
81:
75:Country of origin
2367:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2238:Some Prefer Cake
1884:The Wanderground
1868:Le Corps Lesbien
1841:
1840:
1823:Womyn-born womyn
1788:Lipstick lesbian
1768:Lesbian feminism
1642:Lesbian Avengers
1524:Bonnie Zimmerman
1469:Bonnie J. Morris
1414:Donna Gottschalk
1389:Lillian Faderman
1289:Paula Gunn Allen
1275:Lesbian feminism
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893:Internet Archive
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556:Autostraddle.com
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420:Leslie Ann Jones
131:embedded in the
117:lesbian feminist
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2047:Sinister Wisdom
1930:
1852:Les Guérillères
1832:
1763:Lesbian erasure
1733:Corrective rape
1723:Butch and femme
1706:
1677:Mujeres Creando
1627:Lavender Menace
1557:Artemis Singers
1528:
1514:Cris Williamson
1429:Sheila Jeffreys
1384:Elana Dykewomon
1329:Charlotte Bunch
1294:Dorothy Allison
1277:
1272:
1236:Smithsonian.com
1189:
1187:Further reading
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1170:. July 15, 2018
1168:Americana Music
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583:, eds. (1979).
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474:Cris Williamson
433:June Millington
391:Dianne Davidson
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190:I Know You Know
182:I Know You Know
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142:Cris Williamson
127:movements, and
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2146:(2007–present)
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2114:(1997–present)
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2106:(1994–present)
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2095:Hothead Paisan
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2082:(1982–present)
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2050:(1976–present)
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2034:(1974–present)
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1991:Lavender Woman
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1860:Lesbian Nation
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244:was Olivia's
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218:Linda Tillery
213:
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166:Meg Christian
163:
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158:Dorothy Bussy
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137:Women's music
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101:Meg Christian
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78:United States
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69:Women's music
67:
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40:
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34:
30:
25:
19:
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2203:Maud's (bar)
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2045:
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2029:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1999:Lesbian Tide
1997:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1965:
1957:
1949:
1943:Die Freundin
1941:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1828:Womyn's land
1479:Jean O'Leary
1409:Carolyn Gage
1399:Marilyn Frye
1344:Kate Clinton
1319:Julie Bindel
1234:
1219:
1204:
1172:. Retrieved
1167:
1158:
1125:
1121:
1077:
1073:
1055:
1051:
1031:
1008:. Retrieved
1004:
994:
982:. Retrieved
972:
960:. Retrieved
950:
942:
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920:. Retrieved
909:
897:. Retrieved
892:
883:
874:
868:
854:(2): 77–85.
851:
847:
821:
801:
781:
756:
752:
729:
717:. Retrieved
713:Lesbian News
712:
703:
674:
663:
638:
634:
586:
581:Young, Allen
571:
559:. Retrieved
555:
545:
518:
498:
469:Mary Watkins
456:Teresa Trull
424:BeBe K'Roche
388:Casse Culver
356:
333:
329:Ginny Berson
325:
316:Ani DiFranco
305:
294:
280:
256:
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229:
226:Anita Bryant
222:Mary Watkins
214:
210:Ginny Berson
206:Judy Dlugacz
203:
193:
189:
185:
181:
170:
161:
151:
114:
105:Judy Dlugacz
97:Ginny Berson
89:record label
84:
83:
21:Record label
18:
2183:Lesbian bar
2122:(1998–2018)
2098:(1991–1998)
2090:(1983–2008)
2074:(1982–1984)
2066:(1980–1996)
2058:(1977–1983)
2042:(1976–1990)
2026:(1974–1984)
2023:WomanSpirit
2018:(1973–1986)
2010:(1973–1976)
2002:(1971–1980)
1994:(1971–1976)
1986:(1970–2008)
1970:(1963-1972)
1967:Arena Three
1962:(1956–1972)
1954:(1947–1948)
1946:(1924–1933)
1813:Stone femme
1808:Stone butch
1783:Lesbophobia
1692:Sister Spit
1454:Audre Lorde
1444:Joan Larkin
1374:Alix Dobkin
1324:Ivy Bottini
899:January 29,
561:January 29,
461:Robin Tyler
405:Kay Gardner
368:Margie Adam
312:Lilith Fair
283:world music
267:Los Angeles
242:Sandy Stone
91:founded in
2279:Categories
2178:Dyke march
2173:Cineffable
2143:Velvetpark
2135:AfterEllen
2039:Conditions
1959:The Ladder
1951:Vice Versa
1803:Soft butch
1711:Key issues
1484:Pat Parker
1449:Anna Livia
1010:August 22,
922:October 3,
577:Jay, Karla
537:1159603694
481:References
465:Nancy Vogl
438:Pat Parker
410:Judy Grahn
372:Gwen Avery
322:Philosophy
308:riot grrrl
148:Foundation
121:gay rights
1702:Van Dykes
1424:Karla Jay
1359:Max Dashu
1354:Mary Daly
1102:205753708
984:August 3,
962:August 3,
655:191443563
641:: 86–94.
607:79-106206
400:Tret Fure
204:In 1974,
173:45 record
1221:LA Times
1174:April 1,
1142:19244670
1094:26075684
918:. Hecate
773:39846420
765:98-93306
719:April 1,
695:22906565
671:(1991).
395:Sue Fink
236:Sue Fink
177:Yoko Ono
1552:Anjaree
1542:AMASONG
1150:9416941
1032:Hypatia
615:5100420
361:Artists
271:Oakland
253:Decline
154:a novel
111:History
47: (
42:Founded
2154:(2017)
1978:(1970)
1927:(2017)
1919:(1993)
1911:(1992)
1903:(1991)
1895:(1982)
1887:(1979)
1879:(1976)
1871:(1973)
1863:(1973)
1855:(1969)
1534:Groups
1394:Ferron
1282:People
1148:
1140:
1100:
1092:
895:. 1977
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353:Impact
299:, the
276:Olivia
162:Olivia
57:Status
36:Olivia
2127:Curve
1935:Other
1876:Lover
1844:Books
1837:Media
1748:Femme
1718:Butch
1146:S2CID
1098:S2CID
651:S2CID
287:salsa
87:is a
65:Genre
2103:Diva
1738:Dyke
1176:2019
1138:PMID
1090:PMID
1012:2010
986:2021
964:2021
924:2012
901:2024
769:OCLC
761:LCCN
721:2019
691:OCLC
681:ISBN
611:OCLC
603:LCCN
593:ISBN
563:2024
533:OCLC
523:ISBN
285:and
220:and
123:and
93:1973
49:1973
45:1973
1130:doi
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643:doi
341:DIY
314:to
310:to
261:in
156:by
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