115:
by
English speakers. The spelling "Ouachita" and pronunciation "Wah-sha-taw" came about as a result of French settlers and their influence. Many landscape features and places have been named for them since colonization of the region by Europeans and Americans.
244:
The
Ouachita tribe became known among English speakers as the Washita tribe; both spellings are transliterations in European languages (French and English, respectively) of the pronunciation of their Caddo name. They may also be known as the Yesito.
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136:. Around 1690, the tribe is believed to have settled at Pargoud Landing on the Ouachita River. This was later the site of a French trading post, and ultimately the present-day city of
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150:. Bienville traveled to the principal Ouachita village, which he described as housing 70 people in five houses. The Ouachita assimilated into the
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146:, a French-Canadian colonizer, encountered the Ouachita people in 1700. He first met members of the tribe transporting salt to the
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inhabited the lowland areas of the
Ouachitas. Historian Muriel H. Wright wrote that "Ouachita" is composed of the Choctaw words
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Harlan, L.R. (1834). "Notice of Fossil Bones Found in the
Tertiary Formation of the State of Louisiana".
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212:, meaning "good hunting grounds." Louis R. Harlan claimed that "Ouachita" is composed of the
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for large, together meaning "country of large buffaloes". At one time, herds of
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Sturtevant, William C., general editor and
Raymond D. Fogelson, volume editor.
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2016:
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426:
Wright, M.H. (1929). "Some
Geographic Names of French Origin in Oklahoma".
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The
Ouachita are known for their traditional practice of burying horses.
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The
Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans.
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527:
486:
205:
128:. Their traditional homelands were the lower reaches of the
3436:
468:. Volume 14. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004.
177:
of
Arkansas and Louisiana were named for the tribe, as was
355:
Volume 2, No. 1: P. 81. March 1924 (retrieved 9 Sept 2009)
204:, the name comes from the French transliteration of the
193:, were also named for the tribe, as well as the town of
154:
by the 1720s. Today's descendants are enrolled in the
236:
for big, together meaning "big hunt far from home".
132:
in present-day northeastern
Louisiana and along the
99:
tribe who lived in northeastern Louisiana along the
393:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
3550:
2495:
124:The Ouachita were loosely affiliated with the
2481:
748:
512:
466:Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast
16:Historical Native American tribe in Louisiana
453:Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2002.
369:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
202:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
2488:
2474:
755:
741:
519:
505:
144:Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville
2996:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
365:Cole, Shayne R. and Richard A. Marston.
111:Their name has also been pronounced as
3551:
425:
390:
358:
289:
287:
277:
275:
239:
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736:
526:
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3579:Native American history of Louisiana
316:
314:
312:
41:Regions with significant populations
3564:Native American tribes in Louisiana
3467:Norse colonization of North America
343:Origin of County Names in Oklahoma.
284:
272:
13:
3569:Native American tribes in Oklahoma
771:Mississippian and related cultures
331:Louisiana Division of Archaeology.
14:
3590:
480:
309:
764:
3574:Native American tribes in Texas
3487:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
2405:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
492:The Caddo Indians of Louisiana.
321:The Caddo Indians of Louisiana.
787:Timeline of Mississippi valley
419:
384:
336:
263:
254:
1:
1987:Grand Village of the Illinois
702:Caddoan Mississippian culture
441:
173:of Oklahoma and Arkansas and
3452:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing
3402:Eastern Agricultural Complex
1764:Grand Village of the Natchez
294:Small Indian Tribal History.
164:
7:
2836:Bandelier National Monument
2710:List of Mississippian sites
2497:Pre-Columbian North America
782:List of Mississippian sites
10:
3595:
3256:West Oak Forest Earthlodge
2861:The Bluff Point Stoneworks
2570:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi)
187:Ouachita Parish, Louisiana
119:
3525:
3497:Three Sisters agriculture
3352:
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2816:
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306:. (retrieved 9 Sept 2009)
81:
76:
69:
64:
57:
52:
45:
40:
32:
27:
3036:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site
2595:Buttermilk Creek complex
1699:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery
248:
191:Washita County, Oklahoma
156:Caddo Nation of Oklahoma
3236:Town Creek Indian Mound
3206:Sierra de San Francisco
3061:Meadowcroft Rockshelter
2329:Ballgame (Southeastern)
2225:Long-nosed god maskette
2105:SunWatch Indian Village
2052:Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs
1913:Ka-Do-Ha Indian Village
353:Chronicles of Oklahoma.
333:(retrieved 9 Sept 2009)
106:
2891:Coso Rock Art District
2778:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
2681:List of Hopewell sites
2080:Alligator Effigy Mound
1694:Hickory Ridge Cemetery
1646:Leon-Jefferson culture
1042:Caborn-Welborn culture
707:Caddoan village bundle
428:Chronicles of Oklahoma
3299:Arlington Springs Man
3141:Portsmouth Earthworks
809:and Upper Mississippi
371:. Ouachita Mountains"
140:developed around it.
77:Related ethnic groups
3507:Transoceanic contact
3397:Container Revolution
2971:Gila Cliff Dwellings
2936:Etowah Indian Mounds
2368:Earth/fertility cult
2072:Fort Ancient culture
956:Dogtooth Bend Mounds
942:Lower Ohio River and
928:Steed-Kisker culture
640:Natchitoches (Lower)
617:Natchitoches (Upper)
3427:Green Corn Ceremony
3241:Turkey River Mounds
3031:Lake Jackson Mounds
2851:Blue Spring Shelter
2373:Green Corn Ceremony
1933:Upper Mississippian
1883:Blue Spring Shelter
1603:Fort Walton culture
1057:Hovey Lake District
240:Spelling variations
71:Indigenous religion
24:
3512:Underwater panther
3186:Rosenstock Village
3056:Marmes Rockshelter
3041:L'Anse aux Meadows
2455:de Soto Expedition
2420:Underwater panther
2266:Central Algonquian
1977:Fisher Mound Group
1621:Apalachee Province
1588:Waddells Mill Pond
447:Bolton, Herbet E.
348:2009-02-18 at the
326:2009-12-31 at the
299:2009-10-12 at the
171:Ouachita Mountains
152:Natchitoches tribe
22:
3546:
3545:
3538:Pre-Columbian era
3339:Spirit Cave mummy
3136:Plum Bayou Mounds
3046:Lynch Quarry Site
2565:Ancient Beringian
2463:
2462:
2428:
2427:
2113:
2112:
1729:Atchafalaya Basin
1671:Pensacola culture
1636:Fort Walton Mound
1528:Punk Rock Shelter
1488:Mouse Creek phase
1311:South Appalachian
1305:
1304:
1184:Central and Lower
1125:Castalian Springs
1115:Brentwood Library
1015:Middle Ohio River
868:Emerald Acropolis
730:
729:
528:Caddo Confederacy
459:978-0-8061-3441-3
200:According to the
195:Washita, Oklahoma
138:Monroe, Louisiana
126:Caddo Confederacy
89:
88:
35:Caddo Confederacy
3586:
3482:Projectile point
3319:Leanderthal Lady
3246:Upward Sun River
3221:Stallings Island
3211:Shell ring sites
3161:Recapture Canyon
3076:Moorehead Circle
2921:El Fin del Mundo
2906:Cueva de la Olla
2712:
2699:Maritime Archaic
2683:
2513:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2230:Mill Creek chert
2220:Duck River cache
2122:
2121:
1940:
1939:
1704:Pensacola people
1498:Muscogee (Creek)
1338:Bell Field Mound
1052:Hovey Lake-Klein
1006:Wickliffe Mounds
981:Rowlandton Mound
898:Lunsford-Pulcher
802:
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304:Access Genealogy
291:
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258:
220:for buffalo and
59:Caddoan language
28:Total population
25:
21:
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3583:
3559:Caddoan peoples
3549:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3533:Genetic history
3521:
3375:Ceremonial pipe
3348:
3329:Minnesota Woman
3286:
3280:
3101:Ocmulgee Mounds
3081:Morrison Mounds
3026:Kolomoki Mounds
3016:Kimball Village
2876:Candelaria Cave
2818:
2812:
2793:Suwannee Valley
2728:Old Cordilleran
2708:
2679:
2547:
2541:
2507:
2499:
2494:
2464:
2459:
2445:Clarksdale bell
2424:
2410:Stone box grave
2351:Ceremonial pipe
2317:
2276:Mobilian Jargon
2249:
2181:
2109:
2066:
1934:
1927:
1864:
1857:
1715:
1708:
1665:
1597:
1543:Rucker's Bottom
1333:Beaverdam Creek
1313:
1301:
1185:
1179:
1140:Hiwassee Island
1097:
1091:
1082:Welborn Village
1010:
971:Millstone Bluff
944:Confluence area
943:
937:
933:Sugarloaf Mound
873:Emmons Cemetery
808:
806:American Bottom
797:
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405:10.2307/1004838
389:
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350:Wayback Machine
341:
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328:Wayback Machine
319:
310:
301:Wayback Machine
292:
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281:Sturtevant, 630
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269:Sturtevant, 616
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260:Sturtevant, 617
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109:
97:Native American
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3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:Mound Builders
3454:
3449:
3444:
3442:Medicine wheel
3439:
3434:
3432:Horned Serpent
3429:
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3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
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3203:
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3188:
3183:
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3171:Roberts Island
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3106:Old Stone Fort
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3071:Moaning Cavern
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3021:Kincaid Mounds
3018:
3013:
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3003:
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2913:
2908:
2903:
2901:Cuarenta Casas
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2856:Bluefish Caves
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2822:
2820:
2817:Archaeological
2814:
2813:
2811:
2810:
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2800:
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2715:
2714:
2713:
2701:
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2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2615:Caloosahatchee
2612:
2607:
2602:
2600:Caborn-Welborn
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2546:Archaeological
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2542:
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2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2504:
2501:
2500:
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2470:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2450:Mound Builders
2447:
2442:
2437:
2436:Related topics
2433:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2398:Village bundle
2390:
2385:
2383:Platform mound
2380:
2378:Horned Serpent
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2310:
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2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2245:Stone statuary
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2195:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2095:Leo Petroglyph
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2032:Moccasin Bluff
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1982:Gentleman Farm
1979:
1974:
1969:
1967:Carcajou Point
1964:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Caddoan Mounds
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1869:
1867:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1684:Dauphin Island
1681:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1358:Bussell Island
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1110:Beasley Mounds
1107:
1101:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
961:Kincaid Mounds
958:
953:
947:
945:
939:
938:
936:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
878:Horseshoe Lake
875:
870:
865:
863:Dickson Mounds
860:
855:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
823:
818:
812:
810:
799:
793:
792:
790:
789:
784:
778:
775:
774:
760:
759:
752:
745:
737:
728:
727:
725:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
697:Caddo language
694:
693:Related topics
690:
687:
686:
684:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
652:
650:
646:
645:
643:
642:
637:
631:
629:
623:
622:
620:
619:
614:
612:Nasoni (Upper)
609:
604:
598:
596:
590:
589:
587:
586:
581:
576:
574:Nasoni (Lower)
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
540:
538:
532:
531:
524:
523:
516:
509:
501:
495:
494:
489:
482:
481:External links
479:
478:
477:
462:
443:
440:
438:
437:
418:
383:
357:
335:
308:
283:
271:
262:
252:
250:
247:
241:
238:
175:Ouachita River
166:
163:
130:Ouachita River
121:
118:
108:
105:
101:Ouachita River
87:
86:
79:
78:
74:
73:
67:
66:
62:
61:
55:
54:
50:
49:
43:
42:
38:
37:
30:
29:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3591:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3417:Falcon dancer
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:Miscellaneous
3351:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3324:Melbourne Man
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3314:La Brea Woman
3312:
3310:
3309:Kennewick Man
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:Serpent Mound
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3151:Pueblo Bonito
3149:
3147:
3146:Poverty Point
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3131:Pinson Mounds
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3121:Painted Bluff
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
3001:Horr's Island
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2931:Effigy Mounds
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2896:Crystal River
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2808:Weeden Island
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2773:Safety Harbor
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Poverty Point
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2743:Paleo-Indians
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2704:Mississippian
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2486:
2484:
2479:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2393:Sacred bundle
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2213:Wulfing cache
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2198:Copper plates
2196:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2172:Three Sisters
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2142:Little barley
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:Serpent Mound
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2062:Summer Island
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1865:Mississippian
1860:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1716:Mississippian
1711:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:Corbin–Tucker
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1538:Roods Landing
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1478:Moccasin Bend
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1408:Hoojah Branch
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1315:Mississippian
1312:
1308:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1238:Menard-Hodges
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1175:Swallow Bluff
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1096:Tennessee and
1094:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
966:Marshall Site
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
946:
940:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
811:
807:
803:
800:
798:Mississippian
794:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
776:
772:
767:
758:
753:
751:
746:
744:
739:
738:
735:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
692:
691:
688:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
653:
651:
647:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
630:
628:
624:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
597:
595:
591:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
539:
537:
533:
529:
522:
517:
515:
510:
508:
503:
502:
499:
493:
490:
488:
485:
484:
475:
474:0-16-072300-0
471:
467:
463:
460:
456:
452:
451:
446:
445:
434:(2): 188–193.
433:
429:
422:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
387:
372:
370:
361:
354:
351:
347:
344:
339:
332:
329:
325:
322:
317:
315:
313:
305:
302:
298:
295:
290:
288:
278:
276:
266:
257:
253:
246:
237:
235:
232:for hunt and
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
183:Washita River
180:
179:Lake Ouachita
176:
172:
162:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
117:
114:
104:
102:
98:
94:
85:
84:Caddo peoples
80:
75:
72:
68:
63:
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
39:
36:
31:
26:
3517:Water glyphs
3472:Oasisamerica
3462:N.A.G.P.R.A.
3422:Folsom point
3412:Effigy mound
3392:Clovis point
3360:Aridoamerica
3261:Wickiup Hill
3216:Spiro Mounds
3196:Salmon Ruins
3191:Russell Cave
2986:Helen Blazes
2981:Grimes Point
2961:Fort Juelson
2951:Fort Ancient
2926:El Vallecito
2886:Chaco Canyon
2826:Angel Mounds
2788:Steed-Kisker
2738:Paleo-Arctic
2660:Glacial Kame
2645:Fort Ancient
2537:Post-Classic
2508:
2440:Chevron bead
2346:Burial mound
2240:Shell gorget
2208:Spiro plates
2203:Rogan plates
2022:Knoll Spring
1997:Hartley Fort
1957:Beattie Park
1841:Transylvania
1679:Bottle Creek
1641:Lake Jackson
1523:Pisgah phase
1453:Little Egypt
1403:Garden Creek
1388:Dallas phase
1275:Tipton phase
1253:Nodena phase
1150:Mound Bottom
1135:Fewkes Group
1120:Brick Church
1022:Angel Mounds
888:Kuhn Station
883:John Chapman
722:Turkey dance
717:Spiro Mounds
649:Other groups
627:Natchitoches
487:Caddo Nation
465:
449:
431:
427:
421:
396:
392:
386:
374:. Retrieved
368:
360:
352:
338:
330:
303:
265:
256:
243:
233:
229:
221:
217:
209:
201:
199:
168:
160:
142:
123:
112:
110:
92:
90:
33:merged into
19:Ethnic group
3502:Thunderbird
3370:Black drink
3334:Peñon woman
3271:Winterville
3251:Velda Mound
3231:Taos Pueblo
3126:Parkin Park
3111:Orwell site
3096:Nodena site
2991:Holly Bluff
2966:Four Mounds
2956:Fort Center
2881:Casa Grande
2831:Anzick site
2723:Monongahela
2650:Fort Walton
2625:Coles Creek
2590:Belle Glade
2575:Anishinaabe
2415:Thunderbird
2341:Black drink
2193:Emmons mask
2137:Chenopodium
2125:Agriculture
2047:Plum Island
2002:Hotel Plaza
1851:Winterville
1831:Scott Place
1769:Holly Bluff
1689:Fort Walton
1443:Lamar phase
1297:Walls phase
1193:Belle Meade
1186:Mississippi
1130:Dunbar Cave
1032:Annis Mound
1027:Angel phase
1001:Ware Mounds
996:Twin Mounds
846:Ramey state
831:Monks Mound
602:Kadohadacho
594:Kadohadacho
399:: 397–403.
376:October 14,
134:Black River
3553:Categories
3447:Metallurgy
3407:Eden point
3304:Buhl Woman
3176:Rock Eagle
3166:River Styx
3091:Mummy Cave
3086:Moundville
3066:Mesa Verde
3051:Marksville
2798:Tchefuncte
2758:Plaquemine
2694:Las Palmas
2610:Calf Creek
2605:Cades Pond
2152:Marshelder
2037:Oak Forest
2007:Hoxie Farm
1821:Pocahontas
1714:Plaquemine
1651:Letchworth
1583:Town Creek
1518:Park Mound
1483:Moundville
1468:Mandeville
1458:Long Swamp
1418:Jere Shine
1270:Quigualtam
1218:Chucalissa
1105:Backusburg
1098:Cumberland
1087:Yankeetown
1072:Slack Farm
1047:Ellerbusch
951:Adams site
858:Cloverdale
559:Nacogdoche
442:References
3492:Stickball
3181:Rock Hawk
3011:Key Marco
2803:Troyville
2783:St. Johns
2768:Red Ocher
2527:Formative
2281:Muskogean
2254:Languages
2167:Sunflower
2027:Mero site
1962:Blood Run
1616:Apalachee
1563:Summerour
1503:Nacoochee
1260:Owl Creek
1155:Riverview
1145:Link Farm
1037:Bone Bank
991:Turk Site
986:Towosahgy
851:Woodhenge
635:Doustioni
607:Nanatsoho
549:Nabedache
165:Namesakes
53:Languages
47:Louisiana
3380:Chanunpa
3365:Ballgame
3344:Vero man
3294:Anzick-1
3266:Windover
3226:SunWatch
3156:Rassawek
2976:Glenwood
2866:Brewster
2718:Mogollon
2689:La Jolla
2675:Hopewell
2635:Deptford
2548:cultures
2388:Red Horn
2356:Chanunpa
2334:Northern
2322:Religion
2303:Timucuan
2271:Cherokee
2057:Schwerdt
2017:Juntunen
1992:Griesmer
1935:cultures
1888:Bluffton
1774:Jaketown
1739:Fitzhugh
1593:Wilbanks
1573:Tomotley
1548:Savannah
1513:Ocmulgee
1493:Mulberry
1428:Joe Bell
1348:Biltmore
1343:Bessemer
1208:Campbell
1170:Old Town
976:Orr-Herl
913:Orendorf
908:Mitchell
841:Mound 72
836:Mound 34
821:Big Eddy
712:Dush-toh
671:Ouachita
661:Cahinnio
346:Archived
324:Archived
297:Archived
93:Ouachita
65:Religion
23:Ouachita
3529:Related
3387:Chunkey
3287:remains
3276:Wupatki
3116:Paquime
3006:Huápoca
2871:Cahokia
2841:Bastian
2748:Patayan
2670:Hohokam
2655:Fremont
2630:ComondĂş
2585:Baytown
2580:Avonlea
2560:Alachua
2532:Classic
2522:Archaic
2510:Periods
2363:Chunkey
2308:Tunican
2286:Natchez
2261:Caddoan
2235:Pottery
2186:Artwork
2177:Tobacco
2157:Pumpkin
2118:Culture
1972:Fifield
1903:Gahagan
1878:Belcher
1863:Caddoan
1846:Venable
1809:Natchez
1794:Mazique
1749:Fosters
1744:Flowery
1734:Emerald
1611:Anhaica
1568:Taskigi
1533:Rembert
1508:Nikwasi
1473:McMahan
1448:Liddell
1323:Adamson
1233:Janet's
1223:Denmark
1198:Boone's
1160:Sellars
1067:Prather
826:Cahokia
816:Aztalan
579:Nechaui
536:Hasinai
413:1004838
226:buffalo
214:Choctaw
210:washita
120:History
113:Washita
95:were a
2946:Folsom
2911:Cutler
2846:Benson
2733:Oneota
2665:Glades
2640:Folsom
2620:Clovis
2517:Lithic
2298:Siouan
2291:Taensa
2162:Squash
2085:Clover
1944:Oneota
1918:Keller
1908:Hughes
1873:Battle
1814:Taensa
1799:Medora
1789:Mangum
1784:Julice
1779:Jordan
1626:Cayson
1558:Sixtoe
1553:Shiloh
1463:Mabila
1398:Etowah
1378:Citico
1368:Chiaha
1363:Chauga
1280:Tunica
1265:Parkin
1248:Nodena
1243:Murphy
1213:Carson
1062:Murphy
918:Sleeth
903:McCune
893:Larson
796:Middle
681:Yatasi
666:Eyeish
569:Nadaco
564:Nacono
554:Nabiti
544:Hainai
472:
457:
411:
216:words
189:, and
181:. The
148:Taensa
82:other
3477:Piasa
3285:Human
2916:Eaker
2819:sites
2753:Plano
2555:Adena
2313:Yuchi
2147:Maize
2132:Beans
2090:Dodge
2042:Palos
2012:Huber
1952:Anker
1923:Spiro
1893:Caddo
1826:Routh
1759:Glass
1754:Ghost
1656:Velda
1578:Toqua
1438:Lamar
1423:Joara
1413:Irene
1383:Coosa
1373:Chota
1353:Blair
1328:Avery
1290:Yazoo
1285:Koroa
1228:Eaker
1165:Obion
923:Starr
584:Neche
409:JSTOR
249:Notes
234:chito
222:chito
208:word
206:Caddo
3437:Kiva
1836:Sims
1804:Mott
1724:Anna
1433:King
1393:Dyar
1203:Boyd
1077:Tolu
676:Tula
656:Adai
470:ISBN
455:ISBN
378:2018
218:ouac
169:The
107:Name
91:The
2941:Eva
1661:Yon
401:doi
230:owa
103:.
3555::
430:.
407:.
395:.
311:^
286:^
274:^
197:.
185:,
158:.
2489:e
2482:t
2475:v
756:e
749:t
742:v
520:e
513:t
506:v
476:.
461:.
432:7
415:.
403::
397:4
380:.
367:"
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