2803:, pp. 29-30, fn. 2: "For conservative approaches defining the United Monarchy as a state 'from Dan to Beer Sheba' including 'conquered kingdoms' (Ammon, Moab, Edom) and 'spheres of influence' in Geshur and Hamath cf. e.g. Ahlström (1993), 455–542; Meyers (1998); Lemaire (1999); Masters (2001); Stager (2003); Rainey (2006), 159–168; Kitchen (1997); Millard (1997; 2008). For a total denial of the historicity of the United Monarchy cf. e.g. Davies (1992), 67–68; others suggested a 'chiefdom' comprising a small region around Jerusalem, cf. Knauf (1997), 81–85; Niemann (1997), 252–299 and Finkelstein (1999). For a 'middle of the road' approach suggesting a United Monarchy of larger territorial scope though smaller than the biblical description cf. e.g. Miller (1997); Halpern (2001), 229–262; Liverani (2005), 92–101. The latter recently suggested a state comprising the territories of Judah and Ephraim during the time of David, that was subsequently enlarged to include areas of northern Samaria and influence areas in the Galilee and Transjordan. Na'aman (1992; 1996) once accepted the basic biography of David as authentic and later rejected the United Monarchy as a state, cf. id. (2007), 401–402."
181:
1412:
961:
2458:
1224:
1300:
2904:, in: The Archaeology of the Levant, Oxford University Press, p. 733: "In the Lower Galilee during the Iron IIA, earlier Iron I settlements were deserted and appear to have been replaced by new large fortified sites Zertal's landmark survey of northern Samaria demonstrates a doubling of the number of sites from the Iron I to II Finkelstein and Lederman's survey of the territory of Ephraim revealed settlement density peaks in the later Iron II period, with over 200 sites identified "
1813:
1075:
2407:
47:
630:
3567:
854:, the capital of the Kingdom of Judah. Being written in a rival kingdom, they were inspired by ideological and theological viewpoints that influence the narrative. Anachronisms, legends and literary forms also affect the story. Some of the recorded events are believed to have occurred long after the destruction of the kingdom of Israel.
1119:, who himself records the capture of that city thus: "Samaria I looked at, I captured; 27,280 men who dwelt in it I carried away" into Assyria. Thus, around 720 BCE, after two centuries, the kingdom of the ten tribes came to an end. Some of the Israelite captives were resettled in the Khabur region, and the rest in the land of the
827:
3110:
Finkelstein, Israel, (2022): "...In the central part of the country, caused the decline of an early
Israelite entity , probably the one memorized in the Bible as the House of Saul, and the rise of the Northern Kingdom, which was centered around Shechem and expanded, under pharaonic auspices, to the
897:
According to the Hebrew Bible, for the first sixty years after the split, the kings of Judah tried to re-establish their authority over the northern kingdom, and there was perpetual war between them. For the following eighty years, there was no open war between them, as, for the most part, Judah had
692:
Ahab's forces were part of an anti-Assyrian coalition, implying that an urban elite ruled the kingdom, possessed a royal and state cult with large urban temples, and had scribes, mercenaries, and an administrative apparatus. In all this, it was similar to other recently-founded kingdoms of the time,
1291:
and did not disappear by assimilation. 2 Chronicles 30:1–18 explicitly mentions northern
Israelites who had been spared by the Assyrians, in particular people of Ephraim, Manasseh, Asher, Issachar and Zebulun, and how members of the latter three returned to worship at the Temple in Jerusalem during
1283:, Ephraim and Naphtali indicate that only a portion of these tribes were deported, and the places to which they were deported are known locations given in the accounts. The deported communities are mentioned as still existing at the time of the composition of the
1106:
The remainder of the northern kingdom of Israel continued to exist within the reduced territory as an independent kingdom until around 720 BCE, when it was again invaded by
Assyria and the rest of the population was deported. During the three-year siege of
3140:, p. 77, "...almost one hundred years from the destruction of Shechem ...a new urban center emerged in the region, first and only for a short time at Tell el-Far'ah (North), identified as the biblical Tirzah (Albright 1925)..."
946:, who extended the kingdom's possessions throughout the Northern Transjordan. Following Jeroboam II's death, the Kingdom experienced a period of decline as a result of sectional rivalries and struggles for the throne.
1207:. Many members of these northern tribes also fled south to the Kingdom of Judah. Jerusalem seems to have expanded in size five-fold during this period, requiring a new wall to be built, and a new source of water
3101:, " Sheshoq I campaign brought the collapse of an early Israelite polity in the central highlands and neighboring areas the Northern Kingdom in the Samaria highlands and the Jezreel Valley" (Abstract).
2461:
The genealogy of the kings of the United
Kingdom of Israel and Judea, the Kingdom of Israel and the kings of the Kingdom of Judah. Most historians follow either of the older chronologies established by
889:, dating from the Late Bronze Age (c. 1208 BCE); this gives little solid information, but indicates that the name of the later kingdom was borrowed rather than originating with the kingdom itself.
5377:
5372:
4388:
2889:
he growing proto-Israelite power in the central hill country, out of which would emerge the
Northern Kingdom of Israel, should be dated to the first half of the 10th century BCE.
818:: possibly they never had contact with it, or possibly they regarded it as a vassal of Israel/Samaria or Aram, or possibly the southern kingdom did not exist during this period.
3748:
Shen, Peidong; Lavi, Tal; Kivisild, Toomas; Chou, Vivian; Sengun, Deniz; Gefel, Dov; Shpirer, Issac; Woolf, Eilon; Hillel, Jossi; Feldman, Marcus W.; Oefner, Peter J. (2004).
1247:
estimate that only a fifth (about 40,000) of the population of the northern
Kingdom of Israel were actually resettled out of the area during the two deportation periods under
3128:, SBL Press, Atlanta, GA, p. 48, footnote 57: "...They became territorial kingdoms later, Israel in the first half of the ninth century BCE and Judah in its second half..."
1351:
to Israel's "divided heart" may refer to these two cultic observances, although alternatively it may refer to hesitation between looking to
Assyria and Egypt for support.
439:
1199:
estimate that only a fifth (about 40,000) of the population of the
Kingdom of Israel were actually resettled out of the area during the two deportation periods under
605:
indicate that he deported 27,290 Israelites – around one fifth of the population of the
Kingdom of Israel – to Mesopotamia; this deportation became the basis for the
3420:
Neo-Assyrian
Historical Inscriptions and Syria-Palestine: Israelite/Judean-Tyrian-Damascene Political and Commercial Relations in the Ninth-Eighth Centuries BCE
4381:
1166:
nation, remained in the southern Kingdom of Judah. The Kingdom of Judah continued to exist as an independent state until 586 BCE, when it was conquered by the
2335:
810:
in the phrase "the whole house of Omri" in describing his conquest of the city of Samaria in 722 BCE. It is significant that the Assyrians never mention the
3750:"Reconstruction of patrilineages and matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli populations from Y-Chromosome and mitochondrial DNA sequence Variation"
685:
mentions "Ahab the Israelite", plus the denominative for "land", and his ten thousand troops. This kingdom would have included parts of the lowlands (the
3971:
1011:, for help. After Ahaz paid tribute to Tiglath-Pileser, Tiglath-Pileser sacked Damascus and Israel, annexing Aram and the territories of the tribes of
782:
did an expedition into the Levant around 803 BCE mentioned in the Nimrud slab, which comments he went to "the Hatti and Amurru lands, Tyre, Sidon, the
5367:
4374:
3602:"What's in a Name? Neo-Assyrian Designations for the Northern Kingdom and Their Implications for Israelite History and Biblical Interpretation"
1774:
30:
This article is about the historical Kingdom of Israel, that lay to the north of the Kingdom of Judah. For the Biblical, unified monarchy, see
858:
has both confirmed and challenged parts of the biblical account. According to the Hebrew Bible, there existed a United Kingdom of Israel (the
4355:
2350:
64:
2435:
613:. Some Israelites migrated to the southern kingdom of Judah, while those Israelites that remained in Samaria, concentrated mainly around
547:
The regions of Samaria and Galilee underwent a period with large number of settlements during the 10th century BCE, with the capital in
111:
17:
83:
5347:
2320:
5342:
2236:
586:
to the south. Many historians and archaeologists, however, reject the historicity of a United Kingdom as depicted in the Bible.
90:
1185:, including the Tribes of Naphtali, Manasseh, Benjamin and Levi – being the progenitors of the modern Samaritans. In their book
3964:
1391:
2454:
According to the Bible, the Northern Kingdom had 19 kings across 9 different dynasties throughout its 208 years of existence.
3738:
3717:
3694:
3671:
3650:
3629:
3513:
3455:
3428:
3386:
3235:
3074:
2939:
2882:
2840:
1701:
1696:
5332:
3842:
2255:
97:
2499:'s name takes the Assyrian shape of "Humri", his kingdom or dynasty that of Bit Humri or alike—the "House of Humri/Omri".
5034:
4019:
3981:
3895:
3885:
2277:
1945:
1913:
1486:
859:
571:
31:
701:. Samaria is one of the most universally accepted archaeological sites from the biblical period. In around 840 BCE, the
180:
5357:
5311:
1767:
35:
79:
5337:
3957:
130:
1706:
535:, whose beginnings can be dated back to the first half of the 10th century BCE. The kingdom controlled the areas of
2548:
1102:, 841–840 BCE. This is "the only portrayal we have in ancient Near Eastern art of an Israelite or Judaean monarch".
842:
One traditional source for the history of the Kingdom of Israel has been the Hebrew Bible, especially the Books of
768:
1035:. People from these tribes, including the Reubenite leader, were taken captive and resettled in the region of the
2495:
The table below lists all the historical references to the Kingdom of Israel (Samaria) in Assyrian records. King
2428:
1411:
2297:
1736:
1255:. No known non-Biblical record exists of the Assyrians having exiled people from four of the tribes of Israel:
1135:
additionally records that Sargon had taken other captives from the northern kingdom to the Assyrian capital of
68:
3472:
902:, opening a northern front against Israel. The conflict between Israel and Judah was temporarily settled when
4398:
3194:, p. 404, New York: Doubleday, see pp. 406-410 for discussion of the archaeological significance of Shomron (
1760:
1610:
661:, around 931 BCE. Israel consolidated as a kingdom in the first half of 9th century BCE, with its capital at
283:
3803:
3540:
1721:
1716:
1048:
570:
depicts the Kingdom of Israel, also known as the Kingdom of Samaria, as one of two successor states to the
4366:
728:
Archaeological finds, ancient Near Eastern texts, and the biblical record testify that in the time of the
5255:
2265:
1975:
1602:
2932:
The Bible Unearthed : Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts
1142:
The Hebrew Bible relates that the population of the Kingdom of Israel was exiled, becoming known as the
4410:
2421:
2330:
2219:
1792:
1691:
1375:
1336:
1068:
104:
3471:
Delitzsch, Friedrich; McCormack, Joseph; Carruth, William Herbert; Robinson, Lydia Gillingham (1906).
1064:
960:
3997:
3544:
2449:
2282:
1549:
308:
5362:
3938:
3835:
3487:
2325:
2315:
2002:
1900:
1826:
1422:
657:
in central highlands, and made possible the beginning of the Northern Kingdom, with its capital at
496:
3536:
2851:
1181:
tradition states that much of the population of the Kingdom of Israel remained in place after the
5352:
4513:
4334:
3867:
3814:
3586:
3126:
Saul, Benjamin, and the Emergence of Monarchy in Israel: Biblical and Archaeological Perspectives
2393:
2355:
2270:
2058:
1567:
1319:
of the Kingdom of Israel appears to have followed two major trends. The first was the worship of
938:, Israel began a period of progressive recovery following the campaigns against Aram-Damascus of
802:
of the same king introduces a third way of talking about the kingdom, as Samaria, in the phrase "
621:. Foreign groups were also settled by the Assyrians in the territories of the conquered kingdom.
57:
3378:
3195:
1108:
988:
666:
638:
560:
233:
202:
3811:
Project of the Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
3705:
3640:
3445:
2870:
5059:
5007:
4656:
3682:
3619:
3418:
3357:
3121:
2830:
2800:
2726:
2457:
2388:
1541:
1516:
1435:
1167:
662:
654:
552:
225:
4622:
3405:
3370:
5131:
5125:
4671:
4538:
3401:
3099:"The Impact of the Sheshonq I Campaign on the Territorial History of the Levant: An Update"
2826:
2340:
2160:
1993:
1731:
1646:
1587:
1480:
1400:
1244:
1196:
1116:
855:
745:
544:
3577:
2832:
Writing and Literacy in the World of Ancient Israel: Epigraphic Evidence from the Iron Age
8:
5194:
5156:
5002:
4139:
3828:
3820:
2702:
2683:
2664:
2645:
2624:
2607:
2463:
2287:
2241:
2115:
1681:
1575:
1511:
1248:
1223:
1200:
1187:
1004:
847:
799:
776:
590:
5245:
4314:
4124:
3785:
3030:
2980:
2345:
2127:
2044:
1727:
1616:
1583:
1545:
1316:
1288:
1240:
1192:
1182:
1036:
955:
646:
465:
278:
4563:
5260:
5235:
4943:
4418:
4350:
4289:
4264:
4249:
4144:
4129:
4114:
4109:
3777:
3769:
3734:
3713:
3690:
3667:
3646:
3625:
3519:
3509:
3451:
3424:
3382:
3371:
3241:
3231:
3080:
3070:
3034:
3022:
2972:
2935:
2878:
2836:
2063:
2022:
1854:
1839:
1801:
1661:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1553:
1521:
1280:
1264:
1155:
1087:
1052:
1020:
803:
653:'s campaign in the second half of the 10th century BCE collapsed the early polity of
923:
5270:
5240:
5214:
5044:
4822:
4785:
4319:
4224:
4219:
4209:
4204:
4174:
4074:
3905:
3789:
3761:
3730:
The Two Houses of Israel: State Formation and the Origins of Pan-Israelite Identity
3014:
2964:
2180:
2122:
2105:
2039:
2032:
1965:
1864:
1849:
1844:
1656:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1494:
1430:
1299:
1268:
1060:
911:
875:
811:
583:
253:
806:". The use of Omri's name to refer to the kingdom still survived, and was used by
5285:
5280:
5275:
5225:
4585:
4476:
4189:
4069:
3872:
3728:
3661:
2586:
2570:
2565:
2543:
2527:
2522:
2475:
2467:
2383:
2214:
2170:
2094:
1834:
1651:
1559:
1304:
1272:
1151:
1143:
1099:
1071:, the population of Aram and the annexed part of Israel was deported to Assyria.
1012:
968:
939:
886:
779:
682:
678:
674:
610:
528:
249:
1323:; the religion of ancient Israel is sometimes referred to by modern scholars as
1063:, and an Assyrian governor was placed over the region of Naphtali. According to
763:
In Assyrian inscriptions, the Kingdom of Israel is referred to as the "House of
5306:
5206:
5039:
4796:
4706:
4666:
4646:
4498:
4438:
4329:
4002:
3890:
3581:
2766:
Palace Door, Small Summary Inscription, Cylinder Inscription, Bull Inscription
2373:
2149:
2090:
1859:
1744:
1624:
1284:
1260:
1147:
843:
753:
393:
3604:, Journal of Biblical Literature, 121 (4), pp. 639–666, (See table in p. 640).
3207:
5326:
5111:
4955:
4721:
4580:
4309:
4304:
4254:
3949:
3933:
3773:
3571:
3245:
3084:
3026:
2976:
2721:
2490:
2479:
2471:
2411:
2209:
2145:
1620:
1371:
1228:
1159:
1132:
1112:
1095:
1000:
972:
899:
795:
741:
614:
288:
4711:
3523:
5210:
5202:
4923:
4917:
4791:
4774:
4750:
4681:
4617:
4428:
4396:
4299:
4194:
4084:
3992:
3928:
3781:
3066:
The forgotten kingdom : the archaeology and history of Northern Israel
3003:"Migration of Israelites into Judah after 720 BCE: An Answer and an Update"
2292:
2141:
1328:
1276:
1256:
1016:
815:
757:
567:
3447:
Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography
3018:
2871:"Canaanites in a Changing World: The Jezreel Valley during the Iron Age I"
5074:
4985:
4975:
4831:
4760:
4691:
4686:
4518:
4324:
4199:
4134:
4079:
4034:
3687:
One God – One Cult – One Nation: Archaeological and Biblical Perspectives
3683:"Archaeology and the Biblical Narrative: The Case of the United Monarchy"
3503:
2875:
From Nomadism to Monarchy?: Revisiting the Early Iron Age Southern Levant
2801:"Archaeology and the Biblical Narrative: The Case of the United Monarchy"
2591:
2012:
1931:
1506:
943:
903:
831:
702:
266:
3749:
3642:
Beyond the Texts: An Archaeological Portrait of Ancient Israel and Judah
3570: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
3002:
918:, cementing the alliance. However, the sons of Ahab were slaughtered by
826:
5230:
5162:
5143:
4960:
4728:
4636:
4558:
4468:
4423:
3863:
3852:
3765:
2984:
2952:
2629:
2483:
2224:
1927:
1869:
1812:
1445:
1340:
1178:
1163:
1074:
1044:
942:. This ultimately led to a period of major territorial expansion under
749:
650:
618:
594:
327:
270:
5290:
5220:
5148:
5086:
5079:
5054:
4990:
4970:
4965:
4836:
4807:
4701:
4661:
4523:
4269:
4009:
3227:
The forgotten kingdom: the archaeology and history of Northern Israel
3225:
3064:
2761:
2742:
1740:
1501:
1475:
1367:
1252:
1204:
992:
892:
863:
851:
807:
791:
737:
686:
670:
598:
524:
4879:
4855:
3808:
3098:
2968:
46:
5177:
5137:
4949:
4935:
4779:
4739:
4733:
4487:
4481:
4433:
4279:
4274:
4244:
4214:
4184:
4154:
4064:
3601:
2901:
1440:
1348:
1331:, however, states that some of the northern Israelites also adored
1293:
1212:
1124:
915:
906:, King of Judah, allied himself with the reigning house of Israel,
532:
432:
365:
301:
689:), the Jezreel plain, lower Galilee and parts of the Transjordan.
5265:
5064:
4896:
4865:
4803:
4755:
4676:
4612:
4548:
4543:
4503:
4493:
4149:
4103:
4044:
3660:
Hasegawa, Shuichi; Levin, Christoph; Radner, Karen, eds. (2018).
3470:
3190:, p. 94, Macmillan Publishing: New York; and Amihai Mazar (1992)
3124:, in Joachim J. Krause, Omer Sergi, and Kristin Weingart (eds.),
2378:
2231:
1885:
1450:
1363:
1324:
1136:
1056:
1028:
1008:
871:
835:
733:
729:
658:
629:
602:
579:
556:
548:
540:
536:
475:
273:
210:
2907:
5250:
5182:
5172:
5167:
5106:
5101:
5013:
4980:
4906:
4860:
4841:
4769:
4696:
4641:
4631:
4627:
4597:
4591:
4568:
4458:
4453:
4443:
4402:
4259:
4234:
4229:
4164:
3918:
3041:
2246:
1890:
1876:
1711:
1470:
1344:
1320:
1208:
935:
710:
634:
559:
in the 9th century BCE, whose political center was the city of
470:
460:
348:
3122:"Saul and Highlands of Benjamin Update: The Role of Jerusalem"
5116:
5096:
5091:
5069:
5019:
4995:
4901:
4889:
4884:
4849:
4826:
4745:
4716:
4651:
4607:
4553:
4533:
4159:
4089:
4039:
3923:
1895:
1686:
1128:
1120:
1040:
1032:
1024:
984:
980:
867:
714:
694:
575:
510:
480:
3192:
The Archaeology of the Land of the Bible: 10,000 – 586 B.C.E
1227:
Part of the gift-bearing Israelite delegation of King Jehu,
5378:
States and territories disestablished in the 8th century BC
5049:
5024:
4873:
4817:
4812:
4602:
4575:
4528:
4508:
4448:
4239:
4119:
4099:
4094:
4029:
2496:
1359:
1355:
1332:
1139:, in particular Tobit from the town of Thisbe in Naphtali.
1083:
1079:
996:
964:
919:
910:, through marriage. Later, Jehosophat's son and successor,
907:
787:
772:
764:
722:
718:
706:
698:
606:
3850:
2491:
List of Assyrian references to Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
949:
814:
until the end of the 8th century, when it was an Assyrian
5373:
States and territories established in the 10th century BC
4911:
3477:. Chicago, The Open court publishing company. p. 78.
3305:
3303:
3685:. In Kratz, Reinhard G.; Spieckermann, Hermann (eds.).
3288:
3252:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3373:
Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?
3339:
3327:
3315:
3300:
2793:
3817:
A synchronized chart of the kings of Israel and Judah
3543:, but some translators prefer "deceitful", as in the
2873:. In Koch, Ido; Lipschits, Oded; Sergi, Omer (eds.).
3747:
3264:
3155:
3143:
3047:
3659:
3276:
3131:
2913:
830:The Northern Kingdom at its greatest extent, under
71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3804:About Israel - The Information Center About Israel
3007:Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
2930:Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher (2002)
2835:. Society of Biblical Literature. pp. 52–54.
1051:). Tiglath-Pilesar also captured the territory of
893:Relations between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah
3576:Hirsch, Emil G.; Price, Ira Maurice (1901–1906).
1271:. Descriptions of the deportation of people from
5324:
3575:
3556:Jerusalem Bible (1966), Footnote b at Hosea 10:2
3368:
2799:The debate is described in Amihai Mazar (2010),
3710:The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Ancient Israel
3069:. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 158.
677:inscriptions. The earliest mention is from the
3979:
2551:, Calah Fragment, Kurba'il Stone, Ashur Stone
2478:, all of which are shown below. All dates are
1362:to become acceptable of the kingdom. His wife
1111:in the territory of Ephraim by the Assyrians,
4382:
3965:
3836:
3423:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 64–66.
2429:
1768:
929:
152:
4356:List of Jewish leaders in the Land of Israel
3712:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 197–212.
3443:
3223:
3062:
3000:
1303:Deportation of the Northern Kingdom by the
1023:in Gilead including the desert outposts of
589:The Kingdom of Israel was conquered by the
4389:
4375:
3972:
3958:
3843:
3829:
2436:
2422:
1775:
1761:
1123:, thus establishing Hebrew communities in
179:
3111:Jezreel--Beth-shean Valley..." (Summary).
850:. These books were written by authors in
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
5368:Political entities in the Land of Israel
2849:
2825:
2747:Nimrud Prism, Great Summary Inscription
2456:
1298:
1222:
1073:
959:
825:
628:
27:Israelite kingdom in the Southern Levant
3703:
3497:
3495:
3345:
3333:
3321:
3309:
2950:
1162:, who lived among them of the original
950:Destruction of the Kingdom, 732–720 BCE
14:
5325:
3666:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
3663:The Last Days of the Kingdom of Israel
3617:
3501:
3444:Cohen, Ada; Kangas, Steven E. (2010).
3362:
3294:
3282:
3270:
3258:
3174:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2902:"Israel during the Iron Age II Period"
1154:(that was "absorbed" into Judah), the
1078:The tribute of Northern Kingdom King "
4370:
3953:
3824:
3726:
3680:
3638:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3149:
3137:
3058:
3056:
2853:The Inscription on the Stele of Méšaʿ
885:is from an Egyptian inscription, the
669:since 880 BCE. The existence of this
3492:
3416:
3001:Finkelstein, Israel (28 June 2015).
2996:
2994:
2953:"The Deportations of the Israelites"
2868:
1173:
898:engaged in a military alliance with
673:state in the north is documented in
500:
153:
69:adding citations to reliable sources
40:
3906:Southern Kingdom (Kingdom of Judah)
3896:United Monarchy (Kingdom of Israel)
3886:History of ancient Israel and Judah
3377:. New York: T&T Clark. p.
3186:See Yohanan Aharoni, et al. (1993)
2919:
1218:
32:Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)
24:
5312:Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions
4397:Ancient states and regions in the
3809:The Jewish History Resource Center
3437:
3212:
3053:
1354:The Jewish Bible also states that
732:, Israel ruled in the mountainous
641:, capital of the Kingdom of Israel
25:
5389:
3797:
2991:
2914:Hasegawa, Levin & Radner 2018
2877:. Penn State Press. p. 120.
5348:8th-century BC disestablishments
3590:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
3565:
2850:Compston, Herbert F. B. (1919).
2405:
1811:
1410:
769:Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III
437:
80:"Kingdom of Israel" Samaria
45:
3594:
3559:
3550:
3530:
3481:
3464:
3410:
3395:
3351:
3201:
3180:
3114:
3104:
3091:
2470:, or the newer chronologies of
1381:
1374:and a devotee to Baal worship (
874:, after whose death Israel and
821:
665:first, and next at the city of
555:. The kingdom was ruled by the
56:needs additional citations for
5343:10th-century BC establishments
3505:The religion of ancient Israel
3417:Kuan, Jeffrey Kah-Jin (2016).
2957:Journal of Biblical Literature
2944:
2894:
2862:
2817:
2083:Late Antiquity and Middle Ages
881:The first mention of the name
878:separated into two kingdoms.
13:
1:
3621:The History of Ancient Israel
3120:Finkelstein, Israel, (2020).
3097:Finkelstein, Israel, (2022).
2781:
1082:of the people of the land of
983:of Israel, while allied with
786:of Hu-um-ri "land of ʻOmri",
399:
381:
339:
215:
169:
162:
4564:Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia
3851:The Biblical and historical
3541:New Revised Standard Version
3224:Finkelstein, Israel (2013).
3063:Finkelstein, Israel (2013).
2810:
2716:"land of the House of Omri"
2697:"land of the House of Omri"
1722:Israeli Civil Administration
1358:allowed the cult worship of
511:
7:
5333:Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
3708:. In Niditch, Susan (ed.).
3502:Miller, Patrick D. (2000).
2951:Younger, K. Lawson (1998).
2900:Killebrew, Ann E., (2014).
2599:KUR <Bit>-Hu-um-ri-i
1310:
10:
5394:
3704:Roberts, J. J. M. (2016).
3611:
2447:
1115:died and was succeeded by
1091:
953:
930:From Hazael to Jeroboam II
914:, married Ahab's daughter
624:
29:
18:Northern Kingdom of Israel
5358:Former monarchies of Asia
5299:
5193:
4934:
4467:
4409:
4343:
4288:
4173:
4053:
4018:
3998:Kings of Israel and Judah
3988:
3914:
3881:
3859:
3624:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
3545:New International Version
3369:Lester L. Grabbe (2007).
3188:The Macmillan Bible Atlas
2727:Babylonian Chronicle ABC1
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2450:Kings of Israel and Judah
611:Ten Lost Tribes of Israel
501:
453:
412:
408:
390:
375:
371:
361:
357:
336:
321:
317:
307:
297:
259:
245:
195:
187:
178:
161:
147:
5338:Ancient Israel and Judah
3939:Historicity of the Bible
3815:Complete Bible Genealogy
2934:, Simon & Schuster,
2786:
1970:10th century BCE–587 BCE
1960:10th century BCE–720 BCE
1914:Ancient Israel and Judah
1901:Late Bronze Age collapse
1487:Ancient Israel and Judah
1366:was the daughter of the
934:After being defeated by
572:United Kingdom of Israel
4335:Antigonus II Mattathias
3868:Twelve Tribes of Israel
3639:Dever, William (2017).
3618:Davies, Philip (2015).
3587:The Jewish Encyclopedia
3198:) under Omride Dynasty.
2650:Layard 50a + 50b + 67a
1940:12th–10th centuries BCE
1211:to be provided by King
705:records the victory of
284:Mesopotamian polytheism
5157:Luwian-Aramaean states
3706:"The Divided Monarchy"
3681:Mazar, Amihai (2010).
3584:; et al. (eds.).
2612:Layard 45b+ III R 9,1
2487:
1307:
1232:
1158:and the people of the
1103:
976:
839:
642:
617:, came to be known as
582:, the other being the
34:. For other uses, see
5008:Neo-Babylonian Empire
4592:Canaanite city-states
3689:. Walter de Gruyter.
3600:Kelle, Brad, (2002).
3450:. UPNE. p. 127.
3019:10.1515/zaw-2015-0011
2734:URU Sa-ma/ba-ra-'-in
2602:"the 'land of Omri"
2460:
2326:Historical literature
2321:Historical population
2283:Arab–Israeli conflict
1737:Palestinian Authority
1542:Hellenistic Palestine
1517:Neo-Babylonian Empire
1302:
1226:
1168:Neo-Babylonian Empire
1094:) as depicted on the
1077:
963:
829:
756:, and in the coastal
632:
246:Common languages
5291:Tanukhid confederacy
5126:New Kingdom of Egypt
3727:Sergi, Omer (2023).
3488:2 Chronicles 30:1–18
2656:URU sa-me-ri-na-a-a
2637:KUR sa-m-ri-i-na-a-
2578:KUR Sa-me-ri-na-a-a
2298:Iran–Israel conflict
2161:Kingdom of Jerusalem
2142:Early Islamic period
2116:Byzantine Palaestina
1994:Second Temple period
1732:Palestinian enclaves
1717:Military Governorate
1347:). The reference in
1245:Neil Asher Silberman
1197:Neil Asher Silberman
1146:. To the south, the
979:In c. 732 BCE, king
856:Biblical archaeology
777:Neo-Assyrian emperor
775:, son of ʻOmri. The
744:, in large parts of
717:, over Israel, King
681:of c. 853 BCE, when
502:מַמְלֶכֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל
279:Canaanite polytheism
65:improve this article
5003:Neo-Assyrian Empire
4786:Paleo-Syrian states
4292:(Hasmonean dynasty)
2869:Arie, Eran (2023).
2772:KUR Bit-Hu-um-ri-a
2703:Tiglath-Pileser III
2684:Tiglath-Pileser III
2665:Tiglath-Pileser III
2646:Tiglath-Pileser III
2625:Tiglath-Pileser III
2608:Tiglath-Pileser III
2571:Tell al-Rimah Stela
2464:William F. Albright
1702:Egyptian Gaza Strip
1697:Jordanian West Bank
1682:Mandatory Palestine
1576:Diocese of the East
1512:Neo-Assyrian Empire
1249:Tiglath-Pileser III
1237:The Bible Unearthed
1201:Tiglath-Pileser III
1188:The Bible Unearthed
1005:Tiglath-Pileser III
800:Tell al-Rimah stela
591:Neo-Assyrian Empire
377:• Established
323:• 931–910 BCE
5246:Herodian Tetrarchy
4315:Alexander Jannaeus
4177:(southern kingdom)
4057:(northern kingdom)
3864:Children of Israel
3766:10.1002/humu.20077
2827:Rollston, Chris A.
2756:"city of Samaria"
2737:"city of Samaria"
2678:"city of Samaria"
2659:"city of Samaria"
2640:"land of Samaria"
2581:"land of Samaria"
2535:KUR sir-'i-la-a-a
2488:
2013:Hellenistic period
1827:Prehistoric Levant
1728:State of Palestine
1568:Province of Judaea
1308:
1241:Israel Finkelstein
1239:, Israeli authors
1233:
1193:Israel Finkelstein
1191:, Israeli authors
1183:Assyrian captivity
1104:
1092:𒅀𒌑𒀀 𒈥 𒄷𒌝𒊑𒄿
1043:, Habor, Hara and
977:
956:Assyrian captivity
840:
798:(not Judah)." The
647:Israel Finkelstein
643:
521:Kingdom of Samaria
219: 931-909 BCE
5320:
5319:
5261:Nabataean Kingdom
5236:Hasmonean dynasty
5231:Ghassanid Kingdom
4944:Achaemenid Empire
4780:Ib'al Confederacy
4419:Kish civilization
4364:
4363:
4351:Jewish leadership
4022:(united monarchy)
3947:
3946:
3740:978-1-62837-345-5
3719:978-0-470-65677-8
3696:978-3-11-022358-3
3673:978-3-11-056660-4
3652:978-0-88414-217-1
3631:978-0-567-65582-0
3515:978-0-664-22145-4
3457:978-1-58465-817-7
3430:978-1-4982-8143-0
3388:978-05-67-11012-1
3237:978-1-58983-910-6
3076:978-1-58983-910-6
2940:978-0-684-86912-4
2884:978-1-64602-270-0
2842:978-1-58983-107-0
2779:
2778:
2713:KUR E Hu-um-ri-a
2694:KUR E Hu-um-ri-a
2446:
2445:
2412:Israel portal
2261:
2206:
2189:
2188:
2074:
2073:
2064:Jewish-Roman Wars
2023:Hasmonean dynasty
1984:
1983:
1956:Kingdom of Israel
1881:
1831:
1785:
1784:
1554:Hasmonean kingdom
1522:Achaemenid Empire
1317:religious climate
1174:Samaritan version
1156:Tribe of Benjamin
1049:1 Chronicles 5:26
967:'s delegation to
597:. The records of
512:Mamleḵeṯ Yīśrāʾēl
509:
493:Kingdom of Israel
489:
488:
449:
448:
445:
444:
353:
332:
238:
230:
222:
207:
206:(c. 1000–931 BCE)
149:Kingdom of Israel
141:
140:
133:
115:
36:Kingdom of Israel
16:(Redirected from
5385:
5271:Palmyrene Empire
5241:Herodian kingdom
5215:Byzantine Empire
5030:Israel (Samaria)
4391:
4384:
4377:
4368:
4367:
4320:Salome Alexandra
3982:Israel and Judah
3974:
3967:
3960:
3951:
3950:
3901:Northern Kingdom
3845:
3838:
3831:
3822:
3821:
3793:
3744:
3723:
3700:
3677:
3656:
3635:
3605:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3548:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3508:. London: SPCK.
3499:
3490:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3474:Babel and Bible;
3468:
3462:
3461:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3414:
3408:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3376:
3366:
3360:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3298:
3297:, p. 71-72.
3292:
3286:
3280:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3261:, p. 72-73.
3256:
3250:
3249:
3221:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3118:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3060:
3051:
3048:Shen et al. 2004
3045:
3039:
3038:
2998:
2989:
2988:
2948:
2942:
2928:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2846:
2821:
2804:
2797:
2753:URU Sa-me-ri-na
2675:URU Sa-me-ri-na
2514:Transliteration
2502:
2501:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2331:Economic history
2259:
2204:
2181:Mamluk Sultanate
2106:Syria Palaestina
2087:
2086:
2033:Herodian dynasty
1999:
1998:
1966:Kingdom of Judah
1950:10th century BCE
1919:
1918:
1880:
1830:
1815:
1805:
1787:
1786:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1580:Palaestina Prima
1572:Syria Palaestina
1564:Herodian kingdom
1535:Classical period
1431:Natufian culture
1414:
1404:
1386:
1385:
1219:Recorded history
1093:
1055:and the city of
926:around 840 BCE.
912:Jehoram of Judah
812:Kingdom of Judah
804:Joash of Samaria
584:Kingdom of Judah
517:Northern Kingdom
514:
508:romanized:
507:
505:
503:
441:
440:
429:
428:
414:
413:
404:
401:
386:
383:
351:
344:
341:
330:
254:Israelian Hebrew
237:(c. 880–720 BCE)
236:
229:(c. 909–880 BCE)
228:
220:
217:
213:
205:
183:
174:
171:
167:
164:
156:
155:
145:
144:
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
114:
73:
49:
41:
21:
5393:
5392:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5363:Jewish polities
5323:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5295:
5286:Sasanian Empire
5281:Seleucid Empire
5276:Parthian Empire
5226:Emesene Dynasty
5189:
5035:Israel (united)
4950:Aramaean states
4930:
4477:Akkadian Empire
4463:
4405:
4395:
4365:
4360:
4339:
4291:
4284:
4176:
4169:
4056:
4049:
4021:
4014:
3984:
3978:
3948:
3943:
3910:
3877:
3873:Ten Lost Tribes
3855:
3849:
3800:
3741:
3720:
3697:
3674:
3653:
3632:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3599:
3595:
3582:Singer, Isidore
3566:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3535:
3531:
3516:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3482:
3469:
3465:
3458:
3442:
3438:
3431:
3415:
3411:
3400:
3396:
3389:
3367:
3363:
3356:
3352:
3344:
3340:
3332:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3308:
3301:
3293:
3289:
3281:
3277:
3269:
3265:
3257:
3253:
3238:
3222:
3213:
3206:
3202:
3185:
3181:
3173:
3156:
3148:
3144:
3136:
3132:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3105:
3096:
3092:
3077:
3061:
3054:
3046:
3042:
2999:
2992:
2969:10.2307/3266980
2949:
2945:
2929:
2920:
2912:
2908:
2899:
2895:
2885:
2867:
2863:
2843:
2822:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2798:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2775:"land of Omri"
2707:ND 4301 + 4305
2587:Adad-nirari III
2566:Adad-nirari III
2557:mar Hu-um-ri-i
2544:Shalmaneser III
2528:Kurkh Monoliths
2523:Shalmaneser III
2493:
2476:Kenneth Kitchen
2468:Edwin R. Thiele
2452:
2442:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2398:
2384:Hebrew calendar
2369:
2361:
2360:
2316:Historical maps
2311:
2303:
2302:
2256:State of Israel
2242:British Mandate
2199:
2191:
2190:
2171:Ayyubid dynasty
2095:Rabbinic period
2084:
2076:
2075:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1976:Babylonian rule
1946:United Monarchy
1916:
1906:
1905:
1823:
1803:
1796:
1781:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1735:
1712:State of Israel
1677:
1676:
1667:
1666:
1628:
1611:Muslim conquest
1606:
1605:
1594:
1593:
1560:Roman Palestine
1537:
1536:
1527:
1526:
1498:
1481:Egyptian Empire
1466:
1465:
1464:Ancient history
1456:
1455:
1426:
1425:
1402:
1395:
1384:
1313:
1305:Assyrian Empire
1221:
1176:
1152:Tribe of Simeon
1144:Ten Lost Tribes
1100:Shalmaneser III
969:Shalmaneser III
958:
952:
940:Adad-nirari III
932:
895:
887:Merneptah Stele
860:United Monarchy
824:
780:Adad-nirari III
683:Shalmaneser III
675:9th century BCE
627:
529:Southern Levant
527:kingdom in the
497:Biblical Hebrew
485:
438:
402:
396:
384:
378:
345:
342:
324:
293:
250:Biblical Hebrew
241:
218:
172:
165:
157:
150:
137:
126:
120:
117:
74:
72:
62:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5391:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5353:Books of Kings
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5307:Amarna letters
5303:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5207:Roman Republic
5199:
5197:
5191:
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5187:
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5180:
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5170:
5165:
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4829:
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4815:
4810:
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4800:
4799:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4753:
4748:
4736:
4734:Hittite Empire
4731:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
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4644:
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4605:
4600:
4588:
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4578:
4573:
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4571:
4566:
4561:
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4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4488:Amorite states
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4330:Aristobulus II
4327:
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4003:Kings of Judah
3995:
3989:
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3977:
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3969:
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3891:Land of Israel
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3819:
3818:
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3806:
3799:
3798:External links
3796:
3795:
3794:
3760:(3): 248–260.
3754:Human Mutation
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3429:
3409:
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3387:
3361:
3358:2 Kings 16:7–9
3350:
3348:, p. 207.
3338:
3336:, p. 206.
3326:
3324:, p. 204.
3314:
3312:, p. 203.
3299:
3287:
3275:
3263:
3251:
3236:
3230:. p. 74.
3211:
3200:
3179:
3154:
3152:, p. 338.
3142:
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3113:
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3090:
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3040:
3013:(2): 188–206.
2990:
2963:(2): 201–227.
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2505:Assyrian King
2492:
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2448:Main article:
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2374:Jewish history
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2356:Jewish warfare
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2351:Jewish leaders
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2202:Modern history
2200:
2198:Modern history
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1397:
1396:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1343:discovered at
1312:
1309:
1285:Books of Kings
1235:In their book
1231:, 841–840 BCE.
1220:
1217:
1175:
1172:
1148:Tribe of Judah
1007:, the king of
1003:, appealed to
975:, 841–840 BCE.
954:Main article:
951:
948:
931:
928:
922:following his
894:
891:
862:), ruled from
823:
820:
713:), under King
626:
623:
574:ruled by King
557:Omride dynasty
551:, and then in
487:
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403: 720 BCE
397:
394:Assyrian exile
391:
388:
387:
385: 930 BCE
379:
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372:
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362:Historical era
359:
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343: 720 BCE
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173: 720 BCE
166: 930 BCE
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5195:Classical Age
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4956:Aram-Damascus
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4514:First Babylon
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4313:
4311:
4310:Aristobulus I
4308:
4306:
4305:John Hyrcanus
4303:
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4023:
4017:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3983:
3975:
3970:
3968:
3963:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:Old Testament
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
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3807:
3805:
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3791:
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3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3733:. SBL Press.
3732:
3731:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3645:. SBL Press.
3644:
3643:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3623:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3603:
3597:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3579:
3573:
3572:public domain
3562:
3553:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3533:
3525:
3521:
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3507:
3506:
3498:
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3484:
3476:
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3467:
3459:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3440:
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3422:
3421:
3413:
3407:
3403:
3398:
3390:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3374:
3365:
3359:
3354:
3347:
3342:
3335:
3330:
3323:
3318:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3296:
3291:
3284:
3279:
3273:, p. 73.
3272:
3267:
3260:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3209:
3204:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3177:, p. 72.
3176:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3151:
3146:
3139:
3134:
3127:
3123:
3117:
3107:
3100:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3059:
3057:
3049:
3044:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2997:
2995:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2916:, p. 55.
2915:
2910:
2903:
2897:
2890:
2886:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2855:
2854:
2848:
2844:
2838:
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2792:
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2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
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2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2722:Shalmaneser V
2720:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
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2614:
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2598:
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2580:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2549:Black Obelisk
2547:
2545:
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2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2503:
2500:
2498:
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2477:
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2472:Gershon Galil
2469:
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2258:
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2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2220:Mutasarrifate
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2162:
2159:
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2147:
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2135:
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2109:
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2069:
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2038:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2003:Persian Yehud
2001:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1949:
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1943:
1939:
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1929:
1926:
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1829:
1828:
1822:Early history
1819:
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1814:
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1800:
1799:
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1773:
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1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1692:All-Palestine
1690:
1688:
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1683:
1680:
1679:
1671:
1670:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
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1630:
1626:
1622:
1621:Jund Filastin
1618:
1614:
1612:
1609:
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1604:
1598:
1597:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
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1428:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1377:
1376:1 Kings 16:31
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1337:1 Kings 16:31
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1292:the reign of
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1230:
1229:Black Obelisk
1225:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1160:Tribe of Levi
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1133:Book of Tobit
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:Shalmaneser V
1110:
1101:
1097:
1096:Black Obelisk
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1069:2 Kings 15:29
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1001:king of Judah
998:
994:
991:, threatened
990:
986:
982:
974:
973:Black Obelisk
970:
966:
962:
957:
947:
945:
941:
937:
927:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
900:Aram-Damascus
890:
888:
884:
879:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
837:
833:
828:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
778:
774:
770:
766:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
742:Jordan Valley
740:in the upper
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
645:According to
640:
636:
633:Ruins of the
631:
622:
620:
616:
615:Mount Gerizim
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
543:and parts of
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
513:
498:
494:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
458:
456:
454:Today part of
452:
436:
434:
431:
430:
427:
425:
424:
421:
418:
416:
415:
411:
407:
398:
395:
389:
380:
374:
370:
367:
364:
360:
356:
350:
347:
335:
329:
326:
320:
316:
312:
310:
306:
303:
300:
296:
290:
289:Folk religion
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
268:
267:Monolatristic
265:
264:
262:
258:
255:
251:
248:
244:
235:
232:
227:
224:
212:
209:
204:
201:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
160:
146:
143:
135:
132:
124:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82: –
81:
77:
76:Find sources:
70:
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
48:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
5211:Roman Empire
5203:Ancient Rome
5155:
5130:
5029:
5012:
4948:
4916:
4872:
4848:
4784:
4738:
4590:
4486:
4429:Chagar Bazar
4300:Simon Thassi
4054:
3993:Davidic line
3929:Hebrew Bible
3900:
3757:
3753:
3729:
3709:
3686:
3662:
3641:
3620:
3596:
3585:
3561:
3552:
3532:
3504:
3483:
3473:
3466:
3446:
3439:
3419:
3412:
3402:2 Kings 16:9
3397:
3372:
3364:
3353:
3346:Roberts 2016
3341:
3334:Roberts 2016
3329:
3322:Roberts 2016
3317:
3310:Roberts 2016
3290:
3285:, p. 3.
3278:
3266:
3254:
3226:
3203:
3191:
3187:
3182:
3145:
3133:
3125:
3116:
3106:
3093:
3065:
3043:
3010:
3006:
2960:
2956:
2946:
2931:
2909:
2896:
2888:
2874:
2864:
2852:
2831:
2819:
2795:
2672:732–731 BCE
2653:738–737 BCE
2634:739–738 BCE
2517:Translation
2508:Inscription
2494:
2453:
2293:Silicon Wadi
2278:Independence
2254:
2253:
2210:Ottoman rule
2201:
2059:Roman Judaea
1955:
1875:
1874:
1825:
1603:Islamic rule
1490:
1382:Royal houses
1353:
1329:Hebrew Bible
1314:
1236:
1234:
1186:
1177:
1141:
1105:
1065:2 Kings 16:9
1037:Khabur River
978:
933:
896:
882:
880:
870:and his son
841:
822:In the Bible
816:vassal state
783:
762:
758:Sharon plain
748:between the
727:
721:and his son
709:(in today's
691:
644:
609:idea of the
588:
578:and his son
568:Hebrew Bible
565:
545:Transjordan.
520:
516:
492:
490:
420:Succeeded by
419:
271:henotheistic
142:
127:
121:January 2022
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
4976:Bit Bahiani
4761:Tell Hadidi
4325:Hyrcanus II
4200:Jehoshaphat
4135:Jeroboam II
4035:Ish-bosheth
3295:Davies 2015
3283:Davies 2015
3271:Davies 2015
3259:Davies 2015
3175:Davies 2015
2688:III R 10,2
2592:Nimrud Slab
2389:Archaeology
2205:(1517–1948)
2070:6 CE–136 CE
2053:37 BCE–6 CE
2017:333–164 BCE
2007:538–333 BCE
1980:587–538 BCE
1932:Philistines
1922:Iron Age I
1802:History of
1507:Philistines
1436:Pre-Pottery
1401:History of
1039:system, in
944:Jeroboam II
924:coup d'état
904:Jehoshaphat
832:Jeroboam II
746:Transjordan
703:Mesha Stele
679:Kurkh stela
593:around 720
531:during the
338:• 732–
5327:Categories
5163:Carchemish
5144:Nabataeans
4961:Aram Rehob
4729:Carchemish
4539:Third Mari
4519:Third Ebla
4469:Bronze Age
4424:Tell Halaf
4411:Copper Age
4065:Jeroboam I
3980:Rulers of
3853:Israelites
3537:Hosea 10:2
3150:Dever 2017
3138:Sergi 2023
2782:References
2669:Layard 66
2630:Iran Stela
2560:"of Omri"
2225:Old Yishuv
2027:164–37 BCE
1928:Israelites
1870:Ghassulian
1745:Gaza Strip
1675:Modern era
1446:Ghassulian
1423:Prehistory
1368:Phoenician
1341:Baal cycle
1289:Chronicles
987:, king of
848:Chronicles
750:Wadi Mujib
651:Shoshenq I
637:palace in
619:Samaritans
328:Jeroboam I
298:Government
154:𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋
91:newspapers
5256:Macedonia
5221:Commagene
5149:Qedarites
5087:Phoenicia
5055:Philistia
4971:Bit Agusi
4966:Bit-Adini
4808:Tall Bazi
4702:Phoenicia
4672:Jerusalem
4524:Ekallatum
4270:Jehoiakim
4140:Zechariah
4010:Maccabees
3774:1059-7794
3578:"JEZEBEL"
3246:949151323
3208:2 Kings 3
3085:949151323
3035:171178702
3027:1613-0103
2977:0021-9231
2811:Citations
2762:Sargon II
2743:Sargon II
2538:"Israel"
2341:Jerusalem
2288:Austerity
2185:1260–1517
2175:1174–1260
2165:1099–1291
2045:Tetrarchy
1855:Yarmukian
1840:Mushabian
1741:West Bank
1588:Salutaris
1550:Antigonus
1502:Philistia
1476:Phoenicia
1403:Palestine
1253:Sargon II
1205:Sargon II
1179:Samaritan
1164:Israelite
1117:Sargon II
993:Jerusalem
864:Jerusalem
852:Jerusalem
808:Sargon II
792:Philistia
771:mentions
687:Shephelah
671:Israelite
599:Sargon II
525:Israelite
523:, was an
466:Palestine
260:Religion
5178:Palistin
5138:Itureans
4936:Iron Age
4740:Hurrians
4482:Alashiya
4434:Hamoukar
4344:See also
4280:Zedekiah
4275:Jeconiah
4265:Jehoahaz
4250:Manasseh
4245:Hezekiah
4215:Athaliah
4185:Rehoboam
4155:Pekahiah
4125:Jehoahaz
3782:15300852
3524:44174114
2829:(2010).
2769:720 BCE
2750:720 BCE
2731:725 BCE
2710:730 BCE
2691:731 BCE
2615:740 BCE
2596:803 BCE
2575:803 BCE
2554:841 BCE
2532:853 BCE
2310:By topic
2266:Timeline
2155:638–1099
2146:Filastin
1865:Nizzanim
1850:Harifian
1845:Natufian
1793:a series
1791:Part of
1647:Crusader
1617:Rashidun
1546:Seleucus
1441:Tahunian
1392:a series
1390:Part of
1370:king of
1349:Hosea 10
1339:and the
1311:Religion
1294:Hezekiah
1281:Manasseh
1265:Issachar
1213:Hezekiah
1125:Ecbatana
1088:Akkadian
1053:Naphtali
1021:Manasseh
916:Athaliah
752:and the
693:such as
533:Iron Age
433:Samerina
366:Iron Age
302:Monarchy
5300:Sources
5266:Osroene
5065:Ascalon
5040:Jericho
4918:Nuhašše
4866:Suteans
4804:Armanum
4756:Mitanni
4751:Nuhašše
4712:Shechem
4692:Megiddo
4687:Lakisha
4677:Kenites
4667:Jericho
4647:Dimasqu
4618:Aštartu
4613:Ascalon
4549:Palmyra
4504:Andarig
4494:Alalakh
4439:Jericho
4401:of the
4399:history
4225:Amaziah
4220:Jehoash
4210:Ahaziah
4205:Jehoram
4150:Menahem
4145:Shallum
4130:Jehoash
4115:Jehoram
4110:Ahaziah
4104:Jezebel
4045:Solomon
3790:1571356
3612:Sources
3574::
3539:in the
3196:Samaria
2985:3266980
2394:Museums
2379:Yahwism
2368:Related
2346:Zionism
2336:Judaism
2232:Zionism
2136:395–638
2128:Secunda
2110:136–395
2040:Kingdom
1886:Retjenu
1835:Kebaran
1662:Ottoman
1652:Ayyubid
1642:Fatimid
1637:Abbasid
1632:Umayyad
1584:Secunda
1451:Jericho
1364:Jezebel
1325:Yahwism
1269:Zebulun
1137:Nineveh
1109:Samaria
1061:Ephraim
1029:Naphish
1009:Assyria
872:Solomon
836:2 Kings
767:". The
734:Galilee
730:Omrides
667:Samaria
659:Shechem
639:Samaria
625:History
603:Assyria
580:Solomon
561:Samaria
549:Shechem
541:Galilee
537:Samaria
504:
476:Lebanon
392:•
331:(first)
274:Yahwism
234:Samaria
211:Shechem
196:Capital
191:Kingdom
105:scholar
5251:Iturea
5183:Pattin
5173:Luhuti
5168:Kummuh
5107:Tartus
5060:Ashdod
5014:Canaan
4991:Sam'al
4986:Hamath
4981:Geshur
4907:Ugarit
4897:Tadmor
4880:ʿApiru
4861:Aḫlamū
4856:ʿApiru
4842:Tuttul
4797:Aleppo
4770:Naziba
4707:Qadesh
4697:Midian
4682:Kumidi
4657:Gibeon
4637:Beruta
4632:Hauran
4628:Bashan
4623:Azzati
4598:Amalek
4569:Yamhad
4559:Ṭābetu
4544:Mukish
4499:Amurru
4459:Urkesh
4454:Ugarit
4444:Byblos
4403:Levant
4260:Josiah
4235:Jotham
4230:Uzziah
4190:Abijam
4165:Hoshea
4075:Baasha
4055:Israel
4020:Israel
3919:Tanakh
3788:
3780:
3772:
3737:
3716:
3693:
3670:
3649:
3628:
3522:
3512:
3454:
3427:
3385:
3244:
3234:
3083:
3073:
3033:
3025:
2983:
2975:
2938:
2881:
2839:
2247:Yishuv
2215:Eyalet
2150:Urdunn
2100:70–638
1891:Habiru
1877:Canaan
1860:Lodian
1804:Israel
1795:on the
1707:Israel
1657:Mamluk
1491:Israel
1471:Canaan
1394:on the
1345:Ugarit
1327:. The
1321:Yahweh
1273:Reuben
1209:Siloam
1150:, the
1131:. The
1057:Janoah
1013:Reuben
936:Hazael
883:Israel
834:, per
794:, and
754:Yarmuk
711:Jordan
663:Tirzah
655:Gibeon
635:Omride
607:Jewish
553:Tirzah
471:Jordan
461:Israel
352:(last)
349:Hoshea
313:
226:Tirzah
203:Shiloh
188:Status
107:
100:
93:
86:
78:
5132:Arabs
5117:Sidon
5102:Gebal
5097:Arwad
5092:Amrit
5070:Ekron
5045:Judah
5020:Ammon
4996:Zobah
4902:Tunip
4890:Shutu
4885:Shasu
4850:Suhum
4837:Nagar
4827:Terqa
4823:Khana
4746:Urshu
4717:Sidon
4662:Hazor
4652:Gezer
4642:Gebal
4608:Arwad
4586:Barga
4554:Qatna
4534:Kurda
4290:Judea
4175:Judah
4160:Pekah
4090:Tibni
4085:Zimri
4070:Nadab
4040:David
3924:Bible
3786:S2CID
3580:. In
3406:15:29
3031:S2CID
2981:JSTOR
2787:Notes
2511:Year
2271:Years
2123:Prima
1896:Shasu
1687:Nakba
1495:Judah
1335:(see
1261:Asher
1129:Rages
1121:Medes
1045:Gozan
1041:Halah
1033:Nodab
1025:Jetur
985:Rezin
981:Pekah
876:Judah
868:David
844:Kings
765:ʻOmri
738:Hazor
736:, at
715:Mesha
695:Ammon
576:David
481:Syria
112:JSTOR
98:books
5112:Tyre
5080:Gaza
5075:Gath
5050:Moab
5025:Edom
4924:Niya
4874:Amqu
4832:Mari
4818:Emar
4813:Ebla
4792:Armi
4775:Niya
4722:Tyre
4603:Arqa
4581:Aram
4576:Amqu
4529:Emar
4509:Apum
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