684:
circulated a document requesting
Jeroboam to become king and stipulating that, if he were elected, he set up a golden calf at Dan and Beth-El. Ahijah signed this document, believing firmly that Jeroboam would not belie his trust. Herein he was mistaken in his pupil. Jeroboam had shown great wisdom and learning, and appeared to Ahijah "as pure as the new garment" he wore when Ahijah saw him coming out of Jerusalem (I Kings, xi. 29). Moreover, as he excelled all the rest of the pupils, he had been initiated by Ahijah into the innermost secrets of the Law (Sanh. 101b et seq.). Just as the words said of Isaac, "his eyes were dim, so that he could not see" (Gen. xxvii. 1), are taken to refer to spiritual blindness, because he favored his wicked son Esau, so the words, "Ahijah could not see, for his eyes were set by reason of his age" (I Kings, xiv. 4), imply spiritual blindness on the part of Ahijah, who favored a wicked pupil and set him up as ruler (Gen. R. lxv.). For this reason Ahijah was stricken with the plague (Gen. R. lxv., Yer. Yeb. xvi. 15c and parallels). Jeroboam became for the rabbinical writers a typical evil-doer. This appears in the Septuagint (2d recension), where even his mother is represented as a disreputable woman. The name is explained as (= "one that caused strife among the people," or "one that caused strife between the people and their Heavenly Father"; Sanh. 108b). The name (Nebat) of his father is construed as implying some defect in his progenitor. Jeroboam is excluded from the world to come (Yalḳ., Kings, 196). Although he reached the throne because he reproved Solomon, he was nevertheless punished for doing so publicly (ib.). In the meeting between Jeroboam and the Shilonite the Rabbis detect indications of Jeroboam's presumption, his zeal for impious innovations (ib.). His arrogance brought about his doom (Sanh. 101b). His political reasons for introducing idolatry are condemned (Sanh.90). As one that led many into sin, the sins of many cling to him (Abot v. 18). He is said to have invented one hundred and three interpretations of the law in reference to the priests to justify his course. At first God was pleased with him and his sacrifice because he was pious, and in order to prevent his going astray proposed to His council of angels to remove him from earth, but He was prevailed upon to let him live; and then Jeroboam, while still a lad, turned to wickedness. God had offered to raise him into Gan 'Eden; but when Jeroboam heard that Jesse's son would enjoy the highest honors there, he refused. Jeroboam had even learned the "mysteries of the chariot" (Midr. Teh.; see "Sefer Midrash Abot," Warsaw, 1896)."...If the person suffers indignities after his death, this too, can atone for his sins, and gain him a share in the World to Come. For example, the Talmud says that King Jeroboam, a brazen idolater who incited the population to follow his G‑dless ways, and certainly deserved to be excluded from the World to Come, will nevertheless arise when the time of resurrection arrives. Why? Because many years after he died his remains were ignominiously burned in fire."
52:
444:
693:
603:, the good that Abijah did for which he would be laid in the grave ("Rabbinical Literature: The passage, I Kings, xiv. 13, in which there is a reference to "some good thing toward the Lord God of Israel") is interpreted (M. Ḳ. 28b) as an allusion to Abijah's courageous and pious act in removing the sentinels placed by his father on the frontier between Israel and Judah to prevent pilgrimages to Jerusalem. Some assert that Abijah himself undertook a pilgrimage."
524:
637:. According to the Book of Chronicles Abijah had a force of 400,000 and Jeroboam 800,000. The Biblical sources mention that Abijah addressed the armies of Israel, urging them to submit and to let the Kingdom of Israel be whole again, but his plea fell on deaf ears. Abijah then rallied his own troops with a phrase which has since become famous: "God is with us as our leader". The biblical account states that his elite warriors fended off a
1126:- "The passage, I Kings, xiv. 13, in which there is a reference to 'some good thing toward the Lord God of Israel,' is interpreted (M. Ḳ. 28b) as an allusion to Abijah's courageous and pious act in removing the sentinels placed by his father on the frontier between Israel and Judah to prevent pilgrimages to Jerusalem. Some assert that he himself undertook a pilgrimage."
1330:
Römer, Thomas. “How
Jeroboam II became Jeroboam I”, HeBAI 6/3, 2017, 372-382. “The Deuteronomistic redactors of the book of Kings are almost silent about the reign of Jeroboam II. This can be explained by the fact that they transferred the foundation of the sanctuaries of Dan and Bethel to the time
617:
According to the Hebrew Bible, Jeroboam was in "constant war with the house of Judah". While the southern kingdom made no serious effort militarily to regain power over the north, there was a long-lasting boundary dispute, fighting over which lasted during the reigns of several kings on both sides
514:
who would rule approximately three hundred years later). When
Jeroboam attempted to have the prophet arrested for his bold words of defiance, the king's hand was "dried up", and the altar before which he stood was rent asunder. At the entreaty of the man of God, his hand was restored to him again,
683:
That Ahijah, though one of the pillars of righteousness, should have been sent to
Jeroboam with a divine message inducing him to establish his idolatrous kingdom is explained by the rabbis in the following manner: They say that he was entrapped by a ruse of Jeroboam's idolatrous friends, who
719:
and the northern kingdom as a whole ("For the Lord shall smite Israel..., and he shall root up Israel out of this good land, which he gave to their fathers, and shall scatter them beyond the river", might have been composed retroactively, after the events described had already come to pass.
712:", likely compiled by or derived from these kings' own scribes, is likely the source for the basic facts of Jeroboam's life and reign, though the compiler(s) of the extant Book of Kings clearly made selective use of it and added hostile commentaries. His family was eventually wiped out.
704:
The account of
Jeroboam's life, like that of all his successors, ends with the formula "And the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he warred, and how he reigned, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel".
502:
possessed a magnet by which he lifted up the idol made by
Jeroboam, so that it was seen between heaven and earth; he had "Yhwh" engraved on it, and in consequence the idol (a calf) pronounced the first two words of the Decalogue (ib.).
515:
but the miracle made no abiding impression on him. Jeroboam offered hospitality to the man of God but this was declined, not out of contempt but in obedience to the command of God. The prophecy is fulfilled in 2 Kings.
435:
and proclaimed
Jeroboam their king, forming the northern kingdom of Israel (Samaria). Initially, only the tribes of Judah and Benjamin remained to form the rump kingdom of Judah, loyal to Rehoboam.
720:
Alternatively, the prophecy could have been a logical deduction. Judah had just been conquered and turned into a vassal of Egypt, while Israel stood between the
Egyptian and Mesopotamian empires.
772:
Within the range of standard liquor bottle sizes, a
Jeroboam (also called a Double Magnum) contains 3 liters (101.4 fluid ounces). A Rehoboam contains 4.5 liters (152.2 fluid ounces).
307:
son of
Rehoboam king of Judah. Jeroboam is often described as doing "evil in the sight of the Lord", and all the rest of the northern kings were also described in the same way.
346:, signifying "the people contend" or "he pleads the people's cause". It is alternatively translated to mean "his people are many" or "he increases the people" (from
479:. This act is condemned by an unnamed prophet in 1 Kings 14, where the LORD declares that Jeroboam has cast YHWH behind his back. Jeroboam further deviated from normative
409:
and of other public works, and he naturally became conversant with the widespread discontent caused by the extravagances which marked the reign of Solomon.
1341:
Grabbe, Lester L. (2017). "Jeroboam I? Jeroboam II? Or Jeroboam 0? Jeroboam in History and Tradition". In Lipschits, O.; Gadot, Y.; Adams, M. J. (eds.).
1559:
727:
in the wilderness was composed as a polemic against Jeroboam's cultic restoration by claiming that its origins were inconsistent with worship of YHWH.
625:(also known as Abijam), Rehoboam's son, became king of Judah. During his short reign of three years, Abijah went to considerable lengths to bring the
303:. According to the book of 1 Kings, he reigned for 22 years and "there was war continually between Rehoboam and Jeroboam". Jeroboam also fought
597:
falls ill, and Jeroboam sends his wife to the prophet Ahijah. Ahijah's message, however, is that Abijah will die, which he does. According to
51:
1943:
1422:
980:
1098:
416:, he began to form conspiracies with the view of becoming king of the ten northern tribes; but these were discovered, and he fled to
510:, a "man of God" warned him that "a son named Josiah will be born to the house of David", who would destroy the altar (referring to
1964:
1552:
842:
1350:
1271:
1444:
1607:
1569:
116:
1457:
1077:
733:
has argued that Jeroboam I may not have existed and that Deuteronomistic redactors transferred data from the reign of
1545:
1432:
709:
431:
to reduce taxes. After Rehoboam rejected their petition, ten of the tribes withdrew their allegiance to the house of
809:, it is standard practice to also list the names of kings' mothers, on the occasion of the beginning of their reign.
427:
until the death of Solomon. After this event, he returned and participated in a delegation sent to ask the new king
1989:
1065:
906:
1024:
755:
660:
cult (which used non-Levites as priests), located on Israel's southern border, which had been allocated to the
1315:
1303:
1038:
863:
443:
1366:
950:
877:
467:
might provide an occasion for his people to go back to their old allegiance, he built two state temples with
379:
58:
1319:
1289:
1285:
1112:
1343:
Rethinking Israel: Studies in the History and Archaeology of Ancient Israel in Honor of Israel Finkelstein
1234:
1642:
1519:
626:
448:
284:
72:
1979:
1248:
132:
17:
1585:
653:
31:
1260:
1178:
963:
630:
417:
63:
1969:
1922:
1220:
1206:
1192:
599:
1164:
1150:
1403:
1094:
265:
128:
1984:
612:
532:
413:
288:
8:
1727:
495:
460:
310:
398:
1902:
1712:
1050:
476:
1938:
1877:
1852:
1837:
1732:
1717:
1702:
1697:
1440:
1428:
1346:
716:
692:
661:
644:
Jeroboam was crippled by this severe defeat to Abijah and posed little threat to the
154:
1123:
846:
1974:
1907:
1812:
1807:
1797:
1792:
1762:
1662:
1478:
1472:
1397:
995:
738:
697:
645:
556:
375:
208:
174:
142:
1777:
1657:
1529:
1135:
760:
656:, with their surrounding villages. Bethel was an important centre for Jeroboam's
638:
622:
387:
314:
300:
292:
244:
161:
100:
730:
487:
to eighth month instead of the seventh month (perhaps by adding a leap month in
1917:
1590:
806:
765:
750:
564:
549:
256:
805:. But this is not supported by the Hebrew source. Additionally throughout the
1958:
1897:
1892:
1842:
1537:
572:
459:
as the capital of the northern kingdom, and fearing that pilgrimages to the
1887:
1782:
1672:
1580:
1492:
560:
280:
1912:
1787:
1722:
1667:
1622:
734:
724:
657:
527:
468:
506:
According to 1 Kings, while Jeroboam was engaged in offering incense at
999:
568:
523:
355:
354:, meaning "to increase"), or even "he that opposes the people". In the
146:
1857:
1597:
588:
his wife, to him as wife; she was great among the king's daughters...
585:
406:
1867:
1862:
1832:
1802:
1772:
1742:
1512:
1484:
649:
541:
428:
386:(צרוע "leprous") was a widow. He had at least two sons, Abijah and
296:
1737:
1691:
1632:
1508:
634:
581:
456:
424:
421:
394:
168:
548:
identify the "man of God" who warned Jeroboam as the seer named
1847:
1822:
1817:
1752:
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665:
594:
545:
511:
507:
499:
484:
472:
383:
304:
194:
217:
1747:
1677:
1627:
918:
916:
914:
802:
648:
for the rest of his reign. He also lost the towns of Bethel,
480:
464:
432:
402:
371:
235:
184:
1827:
1707:
1687:
1682:
1617:
851:
Source of transliterations and explanation of significance.
488:
229:
220:
911:
214:
793:
An alternative interpretation of the English text claims
715:
The prophecies of doom concerning the fall of both the
672:
that was allocated to the Tribe of Benjamin by Joshua.
887:
885:
1367:"Liquor Bottle Sizes: A Complete Guide | TricorBraun"
211:
641:
to rout Jeroboam's troops, killing 500,000 of them.
226:
1051:
Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible on 1 Kings 13
882:
447:Jeroboam sacrificing to his idol, oil on canvas by
401:over his tribesmen in the building of the fortress
332: is commonly held to have been derived from
270:
223:
1407:. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
823:
1956:
1427:(3rd ed.). Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel.
845:. NeXtBible Learning Environment. Archived from
1272:By Naftali Silberberg "Who Will Be Resurrected?
1567:
518:
313:has dated his reign from 922 to 901 BC, while
1553:
668:, as was Ephron, which is believed to be the
1944:List of Jewish leaders in the Land of Israel
1411:
922:
769:(1997). Both of these are television films.
621:In the eighteenth year of Jeroboam's reign,
420:, where he remained under the protection of
1412:Oded, Bustanay; Sperling, S. David (2006).
232:
1560:
1546:
1424:The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings
584:gave to Jeroboam Ano the eldest sister of
390:; Nadab succeeded Jeroboam on the throne.
50:
1099:New English Translation of the Septuagint
1394:
936:A short introduction to the Hebrew Bible
891:
691:
687:
522:
442:
981:"The Leap-Month Fabricated by Jeroboam"
835:
696:Jeroboam setting up two golden calves,
412:Influenced by the words of the prophet
14:
1957:
1420:
1340:
829:
678:
365:
1541:
978:
961:
787:
744:
633:against Jeroboam in the mountains of
1458:Jeroboam at the Jewish Encyclopedia
1088:
723:It is likely that the story of the
24:
1136:Smith's Bible Dictionary: Jeroboam
25:
2001:
1451:
1345:. Eisenbrauns. pp. 115–123.
801:of Jeroboam, being the mother of
710:Chronicles of the Kings of Israel
675:Jeroboam died soon after Abijam.
629:back under his control. He waged
606:
283:, the first king of the northern
73:King of Israel (Northern Kingdom)
1401:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
317:offers the dates 931 to 910 BC.
207:
1965:10th-century BC Kings of Israel
1359:
1334:
1324:
1308:
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1276:
1265:
1254:
1239:
1225:
1211:
1197:
1183:
1169:
1155:
1141:
1129:
1117:
1103:
1078:"IDDO - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
1070:
1056:
1043:
1029:
1015:
1006:
972:
955:
941:
455:Jeroboam rebuilt and fortified
82:931/22 – 910/901 BC (tentative)
1416:. Vol. 11 (2nd ed.).
1261:Jerobaum "Jewish Encyclopedia"
938:, Fortress Press (2007), p. 47
928:
897:
868:
854:
618:before being finally settled.
13:
1:
1012:Gehazi at Jewish Encyclopedia
775:
483:law by moving the holiday of
59:Jeroboam Sacrificing to Idols
979:Klein, Reuven Chaim (2018).
843:"Study dictionary: Jeroboam"
816:
741:finds this theory unlikely.
320:
7:
1395:Driscoll, James F. (1910).
593:In 1 Kings, Jeroboam's son
519:Identity of related figures
449:Claes Corneliszoon Moeyaert
271:
27:Biblical figure and monarch
10:
2006:
1387:
1082:www.jewishencyclopedia.com
1053:, accessed 19 October 2017
610:
438:
397:made the young Jeroboam a
133:Northern Kingdom of Israel
29:
1931:
1876:
1761:
1641:
1606:
1586:Kings of Israel and Judah
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1526:
1517:
1505:
1500:
1465:
749:Jeroboam is portrayed by
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110:
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96:
86:
78:
71:
49:
42:
39:
32:Jeroboam (disambiguation)
1138:, accessed 2 August 2017
962:Klein, Ralph W. (2018).
923:Oded & Sperling 2006
780:
737:to Jeroboam I, although
563:. Though unnamed in the
370:Jeroboam was the son of
279:, was, according to the
117:United Kingdom of Israel
1923:Antigonus II Mattathias
1421:Thiele, Edwin (1983) .
600:The Jewish Encyclopedia
535:'s prophecy to Jeroboam
299:that put an end to the
1990:10th-century BC rebels
988:Jewish Bible Quarterly
701:
559:is a character in the
538:
452:
126:910/901 BC (tentative)
1414:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1404:Catholic Encyclopedia
965:The “Sin” of Jeroboam
695:
688:Commentary on sources
575:princess called Ano:
567:, she appears in the
526:
446:
277:Jeroboam son of Nebat
1179:2 Chronicles 13:4–12
512:King Josiah of Judah
382:. His mother, named
275:), frequently cited
91:Position established
30:For other uses, see
1880:(Hasmonean dynasty)
1371:www.tricorbraun.com
1124:Jewish Encyclopedia
756:Solomon & Sheba
679:Rabbinic literature
496:Rabbinic literature
461:temple in Jerusalem
366:Biblical background
311:William F. Albright
145:(named only in the
1903:Alexander Jannaeus
1765:(southern kingdom)
1645:(northern kingdom)
1221:2 Chronicles 13:19
1207:2 Chronicles 13:20
1193:2 Chronicles 13:17
1000:10.17613/M6P843V9D
934:Collins, John J.,
745:In popular culture
702:
539:
453:
1980:House of Jeroboam
1952:
1951:
1939:Jewish leadership
1610:(united monarchy)
1536:
1535:
1527:Succeeded by
1483:
1352:978-1-57506-787-2
1165:2 Chronicles 13:3
1151:2 Chronicles 13:1
968:. pp. 26–35.
717:House of Jeroboam
662:Tribe of Benjamin
627:Kingdom of Israel
613:Jeroboam's Revolt
475:and the other in
285:Kingdom of Israel
269:
200:
199:
16:(Redirected from
1997:
1908:Salome Alexandra
1570:Israel and Judah
1562:
1555:
1548:
1539:
1538:
1506:Preceded by
1473:Tribe of Ephraim
1471:
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1462:
1445:978-0-82543825-7
1438:
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1398:"Jeroboam"
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1235:1 Kings 12:25–33
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907:1 Kings 11:29–39
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739:Lester L. Grabbe
698:Bible Historiale
646:Kingdom of Judah
557:wife of Jeroboam
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1390:
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1384:
1375:
1373:
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1364:
1360:
1353:
1339:
1335:
1331:of Jeroboam I.”
1329:
1325:
1313:
1309:
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1249:Joshua 18:20–28
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639:pincer movement
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315:Edwin R. Thiele
301:United Monarchy
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35:
28:
23:
22:
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11:
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1970:900s BC deaths
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287:following a
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1985:Golden calf
1913:Hyrcanus II
1788:Jehoshaphat
1723:Jeroboam II
1623:Ish-bosheth
1320:Exodus 32:4
830:Thiele 1983
799:grandmother
735:Jeroboam II
725:golden calf
658:Golden Calf
528:Gerard Hoet
173:New House,
87:Predecessor
1959:Categories
1653:Jeroboam I
1568:Rulers of
1376:2024-08-18
1286:1 Kings 14
1113:1 Kings 14
1049:Gill, J.,
776:References
569:Septuagint
376:Ephraimite
356:Septuagint
293:ten tribes
203:Jeroboam I
147:Septuagint
56:Detail of
18:Jeroboam I
1858:Jehoiakim
1728:Zechariah
1598:Maccabees
1467:Jeroboam
1251:, esp. 23
817:Citations
586:Thekemina
471:, one in
407:Jerusalem
360:Hieroboam
330:יָרָבְעָם
325:The name
321:Etymology
272:Hieroboám
266:romanized
249:יָרָבְעָם
97:Successor
64:Fragonard
1932:See also
1868:Zedekiah
1863:Jeconiah
1853:Jehoahaz
1838:Manasseh
1833:Hezekiah
1803:Athaliah
1773:Rehoboam
1743:Pekahiah
1713:Jehoahaz
1513:Rehoboam
1485:Rehoboam
797:was the
650:Jeshanah
582:Sousakim
573:Egyptian
542:Josephus
429:Rehoboam
350:
327:Yārŏḇ‘ām
297:Rehoboam
295:against
261:Ἱεροβοάμ
253:Yārŏḇʿām
251:
40:Jeroboam
1975:Solomon
1813:Amaziah
1808:Jehoash
1798:Ahaziah
1793:Jehoram
1738:Menahem
1733:Shallum
1718:Jehoash
1703:Jehoram
1698:Ahaziah
1692:Jezebel
1633:Solomon
1509:Solomon
1388:Sources
766:Solomon
635:Ephraim
537:, 1728.
465:the Law
457:Shechem
439:Temples
425:Shishak
422:Pharaoh
395:Solomon
291:of the
268::
114:unknown
45:
1848:Josiah
1823:Jotham
1818:Uzziah
1778:Abijam
1753:Hoshea
1663:Baasha
1643:Israel
1608:Israel
1489:Abijam
1443:
1431:
1349:
795:Zeruah
700:, 1372
670:Ophrah
666:Joshua
654:Ephron
652:, and
623:Abijah
595:Abijah
571:as an
546:Jerome
533:Ahijah
508:Bethel
500:Gehazi
485:Sukkot
473:Bethel
451:, 1641
414:Ahijah
384:Zeruah
380:Zereda
305:Abijam
289:revolt
245:Hebrew
195:Zeruah
191:Mother
181:Father
159:Abijah
139:Spouse
129:Tirzah
66:, 1752
1878:Judea
1763:Judah
1748:Pekah
1678:Tibni
1673:Zimri
1658:Nadab
1628:David
1530:Nadab
1318:with
1314:(cf.
1301:Bible
1283:Bible
1246:Bible
1232:Bible
1218:Bible
1204:Bible
1190:Bible
1176:Bible
1162:Bible
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1110:Bible
1063:Bible
1036:Bible
1022:Bible
984:(PDF)
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904:Bible
875:Bible
861:Bible
803:Nebat
781:Notes
708:"The
481:Torah
433:David
418:Egypt
403:Millo
393:King
388:Nadab
374:, an
372:Nebat
257:Greek
185:Nebat
169:House
162:Nadab
155:Issue
101:Nadab
79:Reign
43:ירבעם
1843:Amon
1828:Ahaz
1708:Jehu
1688:Ahab
1683:Omri
1668:Elah
1618:Saul
1441:ISBN
1429:ISBN
1347:ISBN
580:And
555:The
550:Iddo
544:and
489:Elul
337:רִיב
123:Died
111:Born
1783:Asa
1493:Asa
996:doi
763:in
753:in
664:by
491:).
477:Dan
405:in
378:of
352:rbb
348:רבב
344:עַם
341:ʿam
334:rīḇ
255:;
143:Ano
62:by
1961::
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1369:.
1290:19
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992:46
990:.
986:.
913:^
884:^
552:.
530:,
498:,
263:,
259::
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243:;
236:əm
230:oʊ
218:ɛr
215:dʒ
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227:b
224:ˈ
221:ə
212:ˌ
209:/
205:(
149:)
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20:)
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