1106:
1158:
minorities and to recognise the special position of Malays as the indigenous people of
Singapore, explicitly impose a duty on the Government not to treat everyone equally. He felt that the tenet in the Pledge that Viswa had referred to was only an aspiration: "It is not reality, it is not practical, it will lead to grave and irreparable damage if we work on that principle. ... e are trying to reach a position where there is a level playing field for everybody which is going to take decades, if not centuries, and we may never get there." Thus, it was not feasible to dismantle institutions that provided assistance to Singaporeans on an ethnic basis. It was the first time since 2007 that Lee had chosen to speak during a debate in Parliament.
5054:
680:
153:
961:
factor into this choice. In her view, NMPs add value to the discourse taking place in
Parliament as they are able to "explore and research the issues from all possible socially significant angles" without constraint from "partisan concerns". She felt personally that she was accountable to all Singaporeans, rather than being unaccountable to anybody. In addition, Ho Khai Leong has opined that the presence of NMPs and their participation in Parliamentary debates have placed pressure on PAP MPs to be less complacent and to be more competent in Parliament.
798:
According to him, the main motivation behind having NMPs as a permanent part of the system of government in
Singapore was the fact that the scheme had been a great success and had improved the quality of debate in the House: "The scheme has worked well. The NMPs represent non-partisan alternative views in Parliament, and the NMPs have made effective contributions and raised the quality of debate in Parliament. Sometimes, if I may say so, they may have outshone even the Opposition MPs. This NMP scheme should be a permanent part of our political system."
922:, NMPs are useless to the people as, being unelected, they have no incentive to present their views to Parliament. In other words, one should not enjoy the privilege of representing views without bearing the responsibility of serving those whom one represents. The Opposition perceived the scheme as a plan to make it look unnecessary. A similar point has been made by an academic, Chua Beng Huat, who has argued that the NMP scheme co-opts more moderate dissenting voices and is thus an attempt to de-legitimise the need for more aggressive opposition.
722:, it would inevitably not be able to succeed in completely representing every viewpoint. On the other hand, the Opposition MPs and NCMPs represented anti-establishment voters. Goh expressed the view that people who stood as Opposition candidates usually believed that having the PAP government was bad for Singapore and wished to oust the PAP. Therefore, the range of people likely to be elected to Parliament as Opposition MPs was limited. NMPs could represent the people who disagreed with the PAP but did not wish to oust them from government.
807:
44:
754:
825:. The Committee may nominate persons who have rendered distinguished public service or who have brought honour to Singapore, and also invites the general public and groups in the community to submit the names of persons who may be considered for nomination by the Committee. These community groups are in the fields of arts and letters, culture, the sciences, business, industry, the professions, social or community service, and the labour movement. In 2009,
358:
1083:, the youth wing of the People's Action Party. The following day, Cheng wrote to the newspaper stating that he had formally resigned from Young PAP on 8 July, and that in any case he had been an inactive member, having never collected his membership card or attended any PAP branch activities. This led to a journalist commenting that his attitude had been "cavalier" and "whimsical", and a Young PAP member writing on the Forum page of
1066:, while the majority would still be filled the way they are now. He felt this would allow for more diverse views in Parliament, adding that it would be "more consistent with democratic principles than a scheme like the Nominated MP scheme". Siew also noted that while the act of voting was key to democracy and political participation, a large number of Singaporeans do not get to vote at each election because walkovers are prevalent.
938:
representing three major functional groups: (a) business and industry; (b) labour; and (c) the professions – to propose candidates for this
Special Select Committee's consideration. At a sitting on 5th June 1997 ... I also said that the Government would consider further improving the NMP selection process, by expanding the number of functional groups invited to submit nominations.
556:. The Committee may nominate persons who have rendered distinguished public service or who have brought honour to Singapore, and also invites proposals of candidates from community groups in the fields of arts and letters, culture, the sciences, business, industry, the professions, social or community service, and the labour movement. In 2009,
1089:
that his remarks had raised doubts about the Young PAP's credibility. The
Constitution does not explicitly bar NMPs from being members of political parties, and Gerard Ee was also a PAP member when he was an NMP. He did not feel he had to resign, as since he was not subject to the party whip he would
979:'s position that the NMP scheme cannot be improved as it goes against the most fundamental democratic ideals of fair representation and elections. Despite such calls to do away entirely with the NMP system, there are also those who believe in the scheme and have raised points for its improvement. NMP
960:
said in
Parliament on 26 April 2010 that it neither compromises the democratic process nor perpetuates the dominance of the ruling party, because during elections Singaporeans vote for the political parties that best represent their interests and ideals, and the presence of NMPs in the House does not
713:
was lifted. Moreover, there were very few
Opposition MPs. According to Goh, the Opposition had not been constructive as their objective was to discredit the Government so that they could win office. In contrast, NMPs would not belong to any political party, and could therefore represent the views of
563:
proposed in
Parliament that the Committee should also invite nominations from the civil society such as candidates from the environmental movement, young activists, new citizens, and community and grassroots leaders. In addition, the Committee must have regard to the need for NMPs to reflect as wide
1019:
he or she had initiated. The law in question is the
Maintenance of Parents Act, which entitles parents at least 60 years old and unable to maintain themselves adequately to apply to a tribunal for their children to be ordered to pay maintenance to them. The bill was introduced in Parliament by Woon
906:
in nature given the fact that NMPs are nominated rather than elected by the people for the people. However, in accordance with party discipline, they were eventually required to vote in favour of the constitutional amendment. As Beng said: "This is the constraint upon us, and I guess I will have to
836:
leaders. He felt that "his will give civil society a voice in
Parliament and encourage civil society to grow and to mature further". In addition, nominees may be persons who have rendered distinguished public service or who have brought honour to Singapore, and the Committee must have regard to the
987:
It has also been recommended that fringe or minority groups should go through formal, mandatory elections to choose the representatives that will provide them with a voice in Parliament. Thereafter, they may be called "elected representatives". The Government may assist by providing guidelines for
983:
has expressed the view that the scheme serves a function and purpose in the current socio-political climate, though it should not be viewed as a permanent solution for Singapore. The scheme could evolve into a selection–election hybrid, or the selection process itself could become more transparent
789:
In 2002, an NMP's term of office was extended from two to two and a half years. This was done to avoid the need to select NMPs three times if a particular Parliament lasted its full five-year term. In fact, during the Ninth Parliament, the NMPs had only served 17 days from 1 to 17 October 2001 and
785:
said that the NMP scheme was now well accepted by practically all MPs as it had proven its usefulness and worth. The Government intended to expand the scheme "so that more NMPs can be in Parliament to air views which may not be canvassed by the PAP or by the Opposition. ... We are now proposing to
1137:
when debating national policies, especially economic policies". He identified one of the tenets of the Pledge as the need to strive to become a "united people, regardless of race, language or religion", and expressed the view that Singaporean society needed to address "apparent contradictions and
937:
Over the years, we have ... improved the selection process by having proposal panels to nominate representatives of functional groups as NMPs. So, in 1997, apart from inviting the general public to submit the names of suitable persons, the Special Select Committee on NMPs wrote to organisations
1157:
refuted what he termed Viswa's "false and flawed" arguments, saying he wanted to "bring the House back to earth" on the issue of racial equality in Singapore. He noted that Articles 152 and 153 of the Constitution, which make it the Government's responsibility to care for racial and religious
797:
NMPs were made a permanent feature of Parliament with effect from 1 July 2010. Prior to this change, Parliament had to decide within six months after every election whether to appoint NMPs. The rationale for the changes was given by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong in Parliament on 27 May 2009.
2460:
1101:
that year, Cheng argued for the Government to educate the Internet generation instead of regulating the Internet to deal with threats such as "misinformation and disinformation", calling it "pointless". He went on to say that the Internet might be a "wild card" during the general election.
625:. During parliamentary debates, NMPs have also offered critical views on Government policies. The scheme was declared a success by the prime minister in 2009, and NMPs were made a permanent feature of Parliament – before this change, Parliament had to resolve within six months of every
3256:
Legislative history was made yesterday when the House approved the Maintenance of Parents Bill, the first piece of law to be made at the initiative of a backbencher since independence. The Bill initiated by Nominated MP Walter Woon was passed without debate at its third reading
714:
people who did not identify themselves with the PAP or the Opposition. Thus, NMPs would be able to concentrate on the "substance of the debate rather than form and rhetoric", and provide dissenting and constructive views that would contribute to good government.
704:
The aim of the scheme was to create a more "consensual style of government where alternative views are heard and constructive dissent accommodated". NMPs could play a constructive role in contributing to good governance that the Opposition and MPs of the ruling
988:
the conduct of proper elections. Furthermore, the maximum number of NMPs – nine – is said to be far too small to ensure proper representation of minority groups. Hence, it has been recommended that there should not be any limitation on the number of NMPs.
717:
Furthermore, with NMPs Parliament would be able to better represent the views of the people. While the ruling party attempted to represent the mainstream political opinion in Singapore and fielded as representative a range of candidates as possible during
745:. The report of the select committee was presented to Parliament on 15 March 1990, and the bill read a third time and enacted as the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 1990 on 29 March 1990. It came into force on 10 September 1990.
1096:
reported that Cheng "left the strongest impression on many elected Members of Parliament", following speeches he made during his maiden budget debate in Parliament in 2010. In his final speech during Budget 2011 before Parliament was dissolved for the
3571:
Though the Special Select Committee nominating NMPs for appointment is required to "have regard to the need for nominated Members to reflect as wide a range of independent and non-partisan views as possible": Constitution, 4th Sch., para.
841:
views as possible. However, a person appointed as an NMP is not required to resign from any political party that he or she is a member of. When this issue was considered by a select committee of Parliament, it took the following view:
846:
o formally resign from membership in a political party cannot, in substance, change his political philosophy or his sympathy for the cause of that party. Nor need membership of a political party necessarily affect a person's
725:
Goh also pointed out that at least 20 other countries had nominated Members in their Houses of Representatives, while noting that each variant of the NMP system had to be tailored to the country in which it was implemented.
1050:
In 2009, the arts community became the first group among the functional groups that NMPs are meant to represent to undertake an open election process to pick the candidates of their choice. It choose Audrey Wong and
1055:, and submitted their names to the authorities. Audrey Wong was selected to become the first "Arts" NMP, and served from 2009 to 2011. In 2011, the arts community underwent the same process and elected
672:
to participate in politics. It was a "privilege" extended to Singaporeans who could make valuable contributions to public policy but for good reasons did not desire to enter politics and look after
832:
proposed in Parliament that the Committee should also invite nominations from the people sector such as candidates from the environmental movement, young activists, new citizens, and community and
5115:
2664:
4084:
4513:
676:. Women were mentioned as an example of people who might be more willing to become NMPs, as many have to handle their families and careers and therefore do not have much spare time.
4328:
Winslow, Valentine S. (1984), "Creating a Utopian Parliament: The Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 1984; the Parliamentary Elections (Amendment) Act 1984",
4023:
709:(PAP) could not provide. While PAP MPs had been encouraged to air opposing views, they were after all Government MPs and were not allowed to vote against the Government unless the
3363:
3694:
3379:
1150:
and maintaining the current racial distribution in the population; and discussions about whether Singapore was ready for an ethnic minority Prime Minister. The next day,
5379:
882:
in the Government; and removing the President from office. However, NMPs can still voice their opinions and join debates on the bills and motions they cannot vote on.
2581:
Constitution, 4th Sch., para. 1(1), repealed by Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2010 (No. 9 of 2010), in force on 1 July 2010.
5053:
2346:
5105:
5149:
2530:
Constitution, Art. 65(4): "Parliament, unless sooner dissolved, shall continue for 5 years from the date of its first sitting and shall then stand dissolved.".
590:, and that unelected NMPs have no incentive to express the electorate's views in Parliament. It has also been claimed that the scheme reinforces the governing
3413:
5473:
4042:
1062:
On 25 May 2009 during a debate in Parliament, Siew Kum Hong called for a hybrid Parliament in which a limited number of seats would be allocated by way of
851:
The usual term of office for an NMP is two and a half years from the date of appointment. NMPs must vacate their seats if they stand as candidates for any
3153:
1138:
mixed signals" by unnecessarily emphasising racial differences. He gave examples where this had occurred: the existence of ethnic based self-help groups,
5212:
4494:
2342:
Goh Chok Tong, Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill, col. 702. The list of countries was published at
541:
The introduction of NMPs in September 1990, effected to bring more independent voices into Parliament, was an important modification of the traditional
5354:
4979:
4846:
3339:
Thio Li-ann (December 2004), "Constitutional 'Soft' Law and the Management of Religious Liberty and Order: The 2003 Declaration on Religious Harmony",
3966:
5344:
5087:
2672:
859:, or if they are elected as MPs for any constituencies. In addition, like other MPs, an NMP ceases to be a Member of Parliament when Parliament is
5334:
4670:
4112:
395:
4099:
4085:"Line-up of NMPs includes two who are under 40: Youngest among them is a 37-year-old law professor; group of nine represents range of interests"
5389:
4974:
4775:
2801:
Dixie Tan (Ulu Pandan), speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill,
5349:
5077:
4528:
654:(NCMP) scheme, to increase the number of non-government MPs to enable "alternative views to be expressed and dissenting voices to be heard".
5136:
3182:
925:
From the beginning, the process of appointing NMPs has been weighted towards functional representation of discrete interests. For example,
890:
During the Parliamentary debates that led to the introduction of the NMP scheme, it was argued by a number of PAP MPs such as Arthur Beng,
5439:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4183:
235:
4224:
2282:
683:
662:
5254:
5242:
5097:
4877:
4566:
2823:
3371:
3737:
3706:
738:
3695:"MM rebuts NMP's notion of race equality: Constitution requires Government to give Malays special position, he says in House debate"
3394:
3298:
A Feminist Critique of Domestic Violence Laws in Singapore and Malaysia [Asia Research Institute Working Paper Series No. 6]
817:
The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution sets out the process for the appointment of NMPs. A Special Select Committee chaired by the
5249:
5184:
5082:
5034:
4730:
4533:
4158:
5421:
5162:
5120:
4644:
4487:
2879:
2235:
Dates indicate the NMPs' terms of office. The names in bold are surnames, or the personal names of NMPs who do not have surnames.
240:
4302:
5468:
5110:
3765:
3724:
3700:
818:
778:
in Parliament for the second reading of the constitutional amendment bill that was eventually passed to effect the change, the
553:
526:
107:
3296:
1039:, which was presented as the product of interfaith dialogue and understanding. This is an example of how NMPs have influenced
602:
view of politics. On the other hand, it is said that NMPs have placed pressure on PAP MPs to be more competent in Parliament.
368:
5395:
4707:
4538:
4451:
4428:
4401:
4362:
3080:
3035:
2971:
2934:
2777:
969:
919:
651:
140:
3508:
P.N. Balji (11 July 2009), "My, my ... Mr Cheng: What does joining Young PAP out of curiosity say about the NMP aspirant?",
5308:
4697:
3388:
2501:
2488:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 1997 (No. 1 of 1997), in force on 1 September 1997.
856:
779:
719:
646:(MP) who is not elected, but chosen by a committee of MPs. Introducing the NMP scheme was a progression of the plan by the
626:
137:
915:
668:
set out the Government's reasons for implementing the scheme. The NMP scheme was a move to provide more opportunities for
4680:
4133:
2736:
1105:
388:
339:
4373:
Report of the Select Committee on the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill (Bill No. 41/89)
2435:
Report of the Select Committee on the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill (Bill No. 41/89)
5359:
4969:
4780:
4480:
2343:
4065:
5374:
5217:
5157:
5029:
4835:
4702:
4548:
4543:
4274:
2990:
2882:), speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill,
2826:), speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill,
2780:), speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill,
2739:), speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill,
2421:
Goh Chok Tong, Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill, cols. 852–854.
2306:
Goh Chok Tong, Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill, cols. 696–697.
1098:
930:
791:
5318:
3516:
Loh Chee Kong (18 July 2009), "I'm staying in the kitchen: Under-fire NMP Calvin Cheng says he can take the heat",
3421:
3334:
3305:
1036:
1008:
871:
775:
742:
572:
549:
5400:
5222:
5062:
4228:
4093:
2543:
2286:
1035:, was invited in November 2002 to join a team of seven parliamentarians of different faiths tasked to refine the
122:
4050:
2333:
Goh Chok Tong, Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill, col. 701.
2324:
Goh Chok Tong, Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill, col. 700.
2315:
Goh Chok Tong, Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill, col. 695.
5384:
5292:
4870:
4685:
3159:
1423:
1032:
976:
852:
381:
344:
25:
3124:
3103:
774:
From 1 September 1997, the maximum number of NMPs in Parliament was increased from six to nine. Introducing a
4927:
4639:
180:
144:
4256:
1133:
moved a motion for Parliament to reaffirm "its commitment to the nation building tenets as enshrined in the
710:
5287:
5264:
4989:
4964:
4753:
4740:
3974:
2166:
2093:
2019:
1946:
1797:
1649:
1502:
1114:
281:
253:
159:
860:
5039:
4922:
4817:
4634:
3988:
2660:
2566:
1122:
1075:
1063:
864:
826:
810:
786:
increase the number of NMPs so that a wider cross-section of such views can be canvassed and expressed."
758:
673:
557:
530:
209:
167:
4233:
speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill
2364:
speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill
2291:
speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill
5463:
5232:
5189:
4984:
4770:
4748:
4606:
4116:
2406:
speech during the First Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill
269:
261:
4232:
3992:
3948:
3931:
3914:
3897:
3889:
3869:
3852:
3835:
3810:
3794:
3769:
3728:
3672:
3644:
3532:
Elaina Olivia Chong (21 July 2009), "Don't write us off: NMP's comments were 'unfair' to Young PAP ",
3436:
3084:
3054:
2994:
2597:
2505:
2472:
2405:
2363:
2290:
2262:
821:
and consisting of seven other MPs nominates not more than nine persons to be appointed as NMPs by the
5369:
5269:
5199:
5024:
5011:
5001:
4863:
4765:
4690:
4558:
4503:
4210:
3628:
2388:
1134:
1118:
734:
568:
319:
78:
65:
1090:
not be prevented from expressing independent views in Parliament. Despite these initial criticisms,
5434:
5416:
5259:
5227:
4443:
4308:
3612:"Educate the Internet generation: Nominated MP Calvin Cheng says regulating the Net is pointless",
1016:
706:
618:
591:
221:
129:
114:
3967:"A brand new slate: A unionist, a vocal sociologist, a former swim queen among the names unveiled"
2506:
speech during the Second Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Bill
5279:
4994:
4948:
4912:
4801:
4796:
4758:
4665:
4616:
4376:
4354:
3743:
3465:
Esther Ng (8 July 2009), "A question of party: One of the nine new names is a Young PAP member",
2899:(1993), "The Post-colonial Constitutional Evolution of the Singapore Legislature: A Case Study",
2473:
Speech during the Third Reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Bill
2438:
1139:
1020:
on 23 May 1994, and eventually passed on 2 November 1995. In that year, the first woman NMP, Dr.
879:
768:
697:
693:
658:
647:
580:
576:
518:
448:
313:
99:
91:
57:
3631:, which does not appear in the photograph, is "ppiness, prosperity and progress for our nation".
3188:
2963:
2951:
2547:
5237:
5019:
4943:
4907:
4675:
4660:
4624:
3270:
2258:
1147:
822:
567:
In Parliament, NMPs can participate in debates and vote on all issues except amendments to the
522:
458:
332:
200:
196:
188:
4312:
3057:
2521:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2002 (No. 24 of 2002).
870:
NMPs can vote in Parliament on any bill or motion, except a bill to amend the Constitution; a
3449:
Zakir Hussain (26 May 2009), "NMP Siew Kum Hong calls for a 'hybrid system' for Parliament",
3348:
3027:
3015:
2908:
643:
34:
4472:
907:
continue to live a schizophrenic political life – speaking against, yet voting for a Bill."
5364:
4917:
4629:
3050:
1757:
957:
741:
on 6 October 1989. On 30 November 1989, the bill was read a second time, and referred to a
679:
514:
230:
3747:
2849:
Tey Tsun Hang (December 2008), "Singapore's Electoral System: Government by the People?",
152:
8:
5339:
1625:
1069:
NMPs are supposed to be non-partisan but after it had been announced on 7 July 2009 that
730:
2379:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment No. 2) Bill 1989 (No. B41 of 1989).
5313:
3597:
Nur Dianah Suhaimi (16 March 2010), "'Lonesome, single' NMP makes biggest impression",
542:
4275:"New Modes of Political Participation and Singapore's Nominated Members of Parliament"
5207:
4447:
4424:
4397:
4380:
4358:
4293:
3344:
3031:
2967:
2930:
2904:
2862:
2758:
2442:
1254:
1092:
1085:
984:
with clearer criteria on which candidates and selected NMPs alike could be assessed.
863:, or in a number of situations specified in the Constitution such as ceasing to be a
3957:
Clarissa Oon; Jeremy Au Yong (7 July 2009), "Panel submits names of nine new NMPs",
2925:
Ho Khai Leong (2003), "Legitimation, Legislature and Legislators in Policy-making",
4886:
4289:
3885:
3309:
2927:
Shared Responsibilities, Unshared Power: The Politics of Policy-Making in Singapore
2858:
2786:"Parliament is no place for Govt to take advice from non-elected representatives",
2008:
1125:
pledge themselves "as one united people, regardless of race, language or religion".
362:
73:
3668:
3640:
2593:
2539:
2350:
1742:
1564:
1151:
1130:
980:
829:
761:
560:
548:
NMPs are appointed for a term of two and a half years on the recommendation of a
272:
3803:
Wang Hui Ling (2 September 1994), "Four new faces among six NMPs in new term",
3778:"NMPs take oath of allegiance and then jump straight into the fray of things",
2875:
2773:
2665:"NMPs appointed on their merits, no matter who nominated them [letter]"
2606:
1960:
1879:
1210:
1021:
911:
891:
838:
465:
294:
289:
125:
110:
3540:
Elaina Olivia Chong (21 July 2009), "Nominated MP wrong to knock Young PAP ",
605:
NMPs have made contributions to Singapore's political landscape. In 1996, the
5457:
4220:
4108:
3761:
3720:
2986:
2497:
2278:
1981:
1372:
1299:
1143:
1044:
926:
806:
782:
753:
686:
665:
217:
4384:
2756:"Allow PAP MPs to vote according to their conscience on this radical move",
2446:
945:
has expressed the view that, in effect, the NMP scheme reinforces the PAP's
43:
3664:
3481:
2135:
1933:
1811:
1785:
1726:
1617:
1609:
1556:
1154:
1070:
1052:
737:
to implement the NMP scheme was introduced in Parliament and underwent its
299:
4396:(rev. ed.), Singapore: Talisman Publishing, pp. 33–60 at 55–56,
4412:
3011:
2896:
2459:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 1990 (
2254:
2082:
2033:
1707:
1230:
1073:
would be one of the nine people nominated to be NMPs it was disclosed by
1012:
1004:
946:
942:
622:
614:
595:
304:
4184:"Eight new NMPs to be appointed, Raj Joshua Thomas to serve second term"
3896:(8 July 2002), vol. 75, cols. 8–9; Abdullah Tarmugi (Speaker), "
4420:
3076:
2060:
1849:
1826:
1529:
1056:
997:
972:
899:
875:
833:
4214:
3556:
Debbie Yong (2 August 2009), "New NMP comments on flak he has drawn",
2392:
4255:
Lua, Ee Laine; Sim, Disa Jek Sok; Koh, Christopher Theng Jer (1996),
3229:
3023:
2959:
2115:
1381:
1348:
1314:
1110:
1080:
1028:
903:
895:
669:
610:
587:
4257:"Principles and Practices of Voting: The Singapore Electoral System"
4033:
Charissa Yong (12 August 2014), "Disabled lawyer among 9 new NMPs",
3548:
Calvin Cheng (24 July 2009), "NMP sorry for remarks on Young PAP ",
3130:
3109:
996:
The first two NMPs appointed with effect from 22 November 1990 were
4855:
1040:
2929:, Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, pp. 170–215 at 191,
4467:
4438:
Thio, Li-ann (2012), "The Legislature and the Electoral System",
1588:
950:
599:
790:
attended three sittings before Parliament was dissolved for the
4066:"Special Select Committee nominates 9 NMPs for 13th Parliament"
3016:"State–Society Relations and Political Opposition in Singapore"
1024:, also introduced a Family Violence Bill but it did not pass.
1000:
Professor Maurice Choo and company executive Leong Chee Whye.
4502:
3582:
Clarissa Oon (28 July 2009), "Lift veil over NMP selection",
586:
The NMP scheme has been criticised on the grounds that it is
4301:
Tan, Eugene; Chan, Gary (13 April 2009), "The Legislature",
4017:
3993:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3949:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3932:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3915:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3898:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3890:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3870:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3853:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3836:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3811:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3795:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3770:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3729:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Mr Speaker)
3213:"Nominated MPs to be sworn-in today at Parliament sitting",
837:
need for NMPs to reflect as wide a range of independent and
5380:
Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019
872:
supply bill, supplementary supply bill or final supply bill
4159:"Nine new Nominated Members of Parliament to be appointed"
3956:
3492:
Esther Ng (9 July 2009), "NMP-designate quits Young PAP",
3294:
3058:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Bill
2548:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Bill
801:
564:
a range of independent and nonpartisan views as possible.
4123:(24 March 2016), vol. 94, no column numbers assigned yet.
4117:
Nominated Members of Parliament (Announcement by Speaker)
4022:, Parliament of Singapore, 11 August 2014, archived from
496:
3964:
3151:
632:
3041:, cited in Tey, "Singapore's Electoral System", p. 622.
650:, the first step of which was the introduction of the
4514:
Text of the Constitution at Singapore Statutes Online
4349:
Chan, Helena HM (1995), "Parliament and Law Making",
2832:"Notion deviates from basic principle of democracy",
3699:
The Straits Times (reproduced on the website of the
1059:
as its candidate. She was appointed an NMP in 2012.
5390:
Third-Party Taxi Booking Service Providers Act 2015
3539:
3531:
2589:
2587:
2429:
2427:
533:. There are currently nine NMPs in the Parliament.
4980:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal
4847:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal
4001:"NMPs take oath in maiden Parliament appearance",
3596:
4392:Tan, Kevin Y L (2011), "Making Law: Parliament",
2956:Communitarian Ideology and Democracy in Singapore
5455:
5345:Liquor Control (Supply and Consumption) Act 2015
4237:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
4121:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
4019:Press Statement: Nominated Members of Parliament
3997:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3953:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3936:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3919:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3902:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3894:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3874:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3857:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3840:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3815:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3799:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3774:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3733:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3677:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3649:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3441:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3089:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
3062:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2999:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2920:
2918:
2884:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2828:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2803:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2782:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2741:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2602:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2584:
2552:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2510:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2477:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2424:
2410:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2368:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2295:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
2267:Singapore Parliamentary Debates, Official Report
5335:Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act 2021
4468:Official website of the Parliament of Singapore
4134:"9 new Nominated MPs chosen to join Parliament"
2637:
2635:
2633:
2546:), speech during the Second Reading of the
3364:"Arts NMP! Audrey Wong's foot! A post-mortem!"
3327:"Multi-religious team to draft harmony code",
3208:
3206:
3152:Gangasudhan; Ravi Philemon (9 November 2009),
3126:The Real Political Change that Singapore Needs
2949:
2751:
2749:
2659:
964:
5350:Medical (Therapy, Education and Research) Act
4871:
4488:
4032:
3819:"Current NMPs to start new terms on Sept 7",
3802:
3515:
3448:
3020:Political Oppositions in Industrialising Asia
2924:
2915:
2848:
389:
4417:Constitutional Law in Malaysia and Singapore
3692:
3581:
3547:
3480:
3377:
3122:
3101:
2805:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, cols. 765–766;
2630:
767:, NMPs have raised the quality of debate in
642:A Nominated Member of Parliament (NMP) is a
5474:Singaporean Nominated Members of Parliament
5440:List of acts of the Parliament of Singapore
4394:An Introduction to Singapore's Constitution
4239:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, cols. 695–705.
4082:
4040:
3876:(5 October 2001), vol. 73, cols. 2122–2123.
3555:
3411:
3361:
3338:
3203:
3010:
2895:
2746:
2743:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, cols. 761–762.
2297:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, cols. 695–705.
1146:; policies concerning Malay-Muslims in the
4878:
4864:
4495:
4481:
4440:A Treatise on Singapore Constitutional Law
3965:Loh Chee Kong; Ong Dai Lin (7 July 2009),
3507:
3437:President's address: debate on the address
3180:
3085:President's address: Debate on the address
2598:President's address: Debate on the address
696:'s case for introducing the NMP scheme in
583:, and removing the president from office.
396:
382:
4504:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
4254:
4211:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
3491:
3464:
3414:"Arts community search for next Arts NMP"
3155:Talking Point(s) with NMP Viswa Sadasivan
2512:(31 July 1997), vol. 67, cols. 1497–1499.
2412:(6 October 1989), vol. 54, cols. 637–638.
2389:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
1003:As of December 2010, one NMP – Professor
735:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
5185:Singapore International Mediation Centre
5035:Presidential Council for Minority Rights
4731:Presidential Council for Minority Rights
4248:
3999:(14 February 2012), vol. 88, cols. 5–6;
3776:(14 September 1992), vol. 60, col. 175;
3295:Kumaralingam Amirthalingam (July 2003),
2830:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, cols. 741;
2717:is defined in the Constitution, Art. 68.
1104:
805:
752:
678:
5422:Integrated Electronic Litigation System
5213:Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act
4410:
4327:
4300:
3735:(20 December 1990), vol. 56, col. 669;
3484:(9 July 2009), "I've quit Young PAP ",
3055:speech during the Second Reading of the
3001:(5 April 2002), vol. 74, cols. 571–572.
2784:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, col. 727;
802:Appointment, term of office, and powers
5456:
5355:Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Act
5116:Relevant and irrelevant considerations
3801:(31 October 1994), vol. 63, col. 598;
3739:Members of Parliament (7th Parliament)
3242:"Govt gives backing to Parents Bill",
3230:Cap. 167B, 1996 Rev. Ed.
3091:(28 May 2009), vol. 86, cols. 683–684.
2952:"Building the political middle ground"
2886:(29 November 1989), vol. 54, col. 735.
2370:(30 November 1989), vol. 54, col. 845.
933:, said in Parliament on 5 April 2002:
611:Cap. 167B, 1996 Rev. Ed.
16:Appointed nonpartisan MPs in Singapore
5396:Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014
4859:
4708:Non-constituency Member of Parliament
4476:
4272:
4092:The Straits Times (reproduced on the
3947:Abdullah Tarmugi (Speaker), "
3938:(22 January 2007), vol. 82, col. 922.
3930:Abdullah Tarmugi (Speaker), "
3913:Abdullah Tarmugi (Speaker), "
3842:(7 October 1997), vol. 67, col. 1674.
3817:(1 October 1996), vol. 66, col. 562;
3387:The Straits Times (reproduced on the
1244:(7 September 1994 – 15 December 1996)
1193:(7 September 1992 – 6 September 1994)
970:Non-constituency Member of Parliament
652:Non-constituency Member of Parliament
633:Nominated Member of Parliament scheme
5309:Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act
4885:
4437:
4348:
3921:(17 January 2005), vol. 79, col. 85.
3859:(11 October 1999), vol. 71, col. 62.
3809:; Tan Soo Khoon (Speaker), "
3679:(19 August 2009), vol. 86, col. 1145
3651:(18 August 2009), vol. 86, col. 1007
3389:Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy
3187:, The Online Citizen, archived from
3158:, The Online Citizen, archived from
2554:(27 August 2002), vol. 75, col. 796.
2479:(29 March 1990), vol. 55, col. 1050.
1368:(1 October 1999 – 30 September 2001)
1295:(1 October 1997 – 30 September 1999)
5250:Prevention of Human Trafficking Act
4391:
3955:(20 July 2009), vol. 86, col. 798;
3250:"Parents maintenance bill passed",
2807:"What group will NMPs represent?",
2686:Constitution, 4th Sch., para. 1(4).
2650:Constitution, 4th Sch., para. 2(1).
2641:Constitution, 4th Sch., para. 3(2).
2627:Constitution, 4th Sch., para. 3(1).
2618:Constitution, 4th Sch., para. 1(3).
2269:(9 January 1989), vol. 52, col. 15.
1950:(22 March 2016 – 21 September 2018)
1801:(14 February 2012 – 13 August 2014)
1172:(22 November 1990 – 13 August 1991)
470:Two and a half years, non-renewable
13:
5360:Newspaper and Printing Presses Act
5121:Substantive legitimate expectation
4243:
3868:Tan Soo Khoon (Speaker), "
3851:Tan Soo Khoon (Speaker), "
3834:Tan Soo Khoon (Speaker), "
3793:Tan Soo Khoon (Speaker), "
3341:Singapore Journal of Legal Studies
2901:Singapore Journal of Legal Studies
2704:Constitution, Arts. 46(1) and (2).
2023:(22 September 2018 – 23 June 2020)
1079:newspaper that he was a member of
629:whether NMPs should be appointed.
14:
5485:
5375:Personal Data Protection Act 2012
5163:Procedural legitimate expectation
4827:Special powers against subversion
4703:Group Representation Constituency
4461:
3105:The Need for a Multi-party System
3064:(26 April 2010), vol. 87, col. 53
1875:(26 August 2014 – 25 August 2015)
918:, that since Singapore practices
637:
525:. They are not affiliated to any
5319:Administration of Muslim Law Act
5052:
4294:10.1111/j.1477-7053.2009.01297.x
3904:(15 June 2004), vol. 78, col. 8.
3335:Declaration of Religious Harmony
3306:National University of Singapore
3228:Maintenance of Parents Act (
3129:, Sgpolitics.net, archived from
3108:, Sgpolitics.net, archived from
3102:Wong Wee Nam (4 December 2008),
2863:10.1111/j.1748-121X.2008.00106.x
2604:(27 May 2009), vol. 86, col. 493
2542: (Deputy Prime Minister and
2097:(21 January 2021 – 23 July 2023)
1653:(18 January 2007 – 17 July 2009)
1577:(2 January 2005 – 19 April 2006)
1037:Declaration of Religious Harmony
1009:National University of Singapore
748:
661:on 29 and 30 November 1989, the
543:Westminster parliamentary system
356:
151:
42:
5401:Workplace Safety and Health Act
4446:, pp. 285–359 at 308–311,
4423:, pp. 299–360 at 323–324,
4215:1985 Rev. Ed., 1999 Reprint
4176:
4151:
4126:
4094:Singapore Management University
4058:
4010:
3982:
3973:, pp. 1, 4, archived from
3941:
3924:
3907:
3879:
3862:
3845:
3828:
3787:
3782:, p. 24, 15 September 1992
3755:
3746:, 22 March 2006, archived from
3714:
3693:Clarissa Oon (20 August 2009),
3686:
3658:
3634:
3621:
3605:
3590:
3575:
3565:
3525:
3501:
3474:
3458:
3443:(25 May 2009), vol. 86, col. 97
3429:
3405:
3355:
3320:
3288:
3263:
3235:
3222:
3181:Kelvin Teo (11 December 2009),
3174:
3145:
3094:
3070:
3044:
3004:
2995:Nominated Members of Parliament
2980:
2943:
2889:
2869:
2841:
2816:
2795:
2767:
2729:
2720:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2653:
2644:
2621:
2612:
2575:
2557:
2533:
2524:
2515:
2491:
2482:
2466:
2453:
2415:
2398:
2393:1985 Rev. Ed., 1999 Reprint
2382:
5385:Silver Support Scheme Act 2015
5255:Protection from Harassment Act
5243:Section 377A of the Penal Code
4713:Nominated Member of Parliament
4049:, pp. 1–2, archived from
4041:Alfred Chua (12 August 2014),
4005:, p. B5, 15 February 2012
3435:Siew Kum Hong (NMP), "
3254:, p. 1, 3 November 1995,
2836:, p. 16, 30 November 1989
2811:, p. 16, 30 November 1989
2790:, p. 16, 30 November 1989
2762:, p. 16, 30 November 1989
2564:"NMPs now permanent feature",
2373:
2356:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2309:
2300:
2272:
2248:
1722:(18 July 2009 – 19 April 2011)
1506:(2 July 2002 – 1 January 2005)
1027:Following his term as an NMP,
956:In support of the scheme, NMP
507:Nominated Member of Parliament
411:Nominated Member of Parliament
1:
5469:Singapore government policies
4351:The Legal System of Singapore
4204:
4083:Tham Yuen-C (18 March 2016),
4043:"All-new slate of NMPs named"
3412:Mayo Martin (28 April 2014),
3378:Adeline Chia (30 June 2011),
3217:, p. 3, 20 December 1990
885:
867:, resignation or bankruptcy.
536:
5265:Undesirable Publications Act
5078:Exclusion of judicial review
4529:Exclusion of judicial review
4098:, p. A5, archived from
3362:Mayo Martin (16 June 2011),
3331:, p. 6, 2 November 2002
3308:, p. 17, archived from
3123:Wong Wee Nam (29 May 2009),
2671:, p. 21, archived from
2164:
2091:
2017:
1944:
1871:
1795:
1718:
1647:
1573:
1500:
1438:
1364:
1291:
1240:
1189:
1168:
1115:National Museum of Singapore
1011:– had succeeded in having a
7:
5040:Singaporean nationality law
4818:Singaporean nationality law
4419:(3rd ed.), Singapore:
4415:(2010), "The Legislature",
4225:First Deputy Prime Minister
3823:, p. 3, 30 August 1996
3304:, Asia Research Institute,
2283:First Deputy Prime Minister
1117:featuring a portion of the
1064:proportional representation
965:Suggestions for improvement
910:Secondly, it was argued by
811:Parliament House, Singapore
765:(pictured in November 2010)
684:First Deputy Prime Minister
663:First Deputy Prime Minister
210:Prime Minister of Singapore
10:
5490:
5190:Singapore Mediation Centre
4304:The Singapore Legal System
3271:"NMPs making a difference"
2958:, London; New York, N.Y.:
2735:Arthur Beng Kian Lam (
2695:Constitution, Art. 46(2B).
2163:
1943:
1717:
1499:
1290:
1167:
975:has stated that it is the
700:on 29 and 30 November 1989
690:(shown above in June 2001)
607:Maintenance of Parents Act
575:relating to public funds,
262:Supreme Court of Singapore
5430:
5409:
5370:Payment Services Act 2019
5327:
5301:
5278:
5198:
5175:
5148:
5129:
5096:
5070:
5061:
5050:
5010:
4957:
4936:
4900:
4893:
4844:
4826:
4810:
4789:
4739:
4721:
4653:
4615:
4557:
4521:
4510:
4282:Government and Opposition
3629:Singapore National Pledge
3246:, p. 1, 27 July 1994
2857:(4): 610–628 at 621–623,
2726:Constitution, Art. 39(2).
2502:Minister for Home Affairs
2233:
1163:
1119:Singapore National Pledge
780:Minister for Home Affairs
529:and do not represent any
492:
474:
464:
454:
444:
432:Razwana Begum Abdul Rahim
415:
410:
66:Constitution of Singapore
5435:Sources of Singapore law
5417:Electronic Filing System
5228:Organised Crime Act 2015
4722:The Presidential Council
4698:Leader of the Opposition
4539:Representative democracy
4342:
4309:Singapore Academy of Law
3333:. For commentary on the
3184:Reforming the NMP Scheme
3018:, in Garry Rodan (ed.),
2242:
2170:(24 July 2023 – present)
1007:, a law lecturer at the
920:representative democracy
916:Leader of the Opposition
550:Special Select Committee
521:who is appointed by the
449:Special Select Committee
436:Syed Harun Taha Alhabsyi
138:Leader of the Opposition
24:This article is part of
5106:Fettering of discretion
4802:Singapore Legal Service
4797:Singapore Civil Service
4377:Government of Singapore
3744:Parliament of Singapore
3701:Prime Minister's Office
2950:Chua Beng Huat (1995),
2439:Government of Singapore
1140:Special Assistance Plan
1005:Walter Woon Cheong Ming
991:
519:Parliament of Singapore
439:since 24 July 2023
5150:Procedural impropriety
3673:Nation building tenets
3645:Nation building tenets
3380:"I'm no rabble-rouser"
1815:binte Haji Ahmad Jamal
1148:Singapore Armed Forces
1126:
940:
849:
814:
771:
701:
577:votes of no confidence
480:; 34 years ago
478:10 September 1990
459:President of Singapore
428:Parekh Nimil Rajnikant
422:Chua Tiang Choon Keith
340:Presidential elections
197:Tharman Shanmugaratnam
189:President of Singapore
5218:Internal Security Act
5111:Precedent fact errors
5030:Internal Security Act
4970:Judicial independence
4836:Internal Security Act
4781:Judicial independence
4559:Fundamental liberties
4273:Rodan, Garry (2009),
4249:Articles and websites
4113:Speaker of Parliament
3991: (Speaker), "
3888: (Speaker), "
3627:The remainder of the
1108:
1017:private member's bill
935:
880:vote of no confidence
844:
819:Speaker of Parliament
809:
792:2001 general election
756:
707:People's Action Party
682:
621:initiated by an NMP,
619:private member's bill
592:People's Action Party
554:speaker of Parliament
420:Chandradas Usha Ranee
35:Politics of Singapore
5365:Pawnbrokers Act 2015
4829:and emergency powers
4549:Separation of powers
4267:: 244–321 at 267–270
4261:Singapore Law Review
4229:Minister for Defence
3051:Paulin Tay Straughan
2663:(15 February 2012),
2544:Minister for Finance
2349:3 March 2016 at the
2287:Minister for Defence
1897:s/o R. Krishnamurthy
1121:. When reciting it,
958:Paulin Tay Straughan
644:Member of Parliament
545:that Singapore had.
363:Singapore portal
5340:Income Tax Act 1947
5223:Misuse of Drugs Act
5176:Alternative dispute
4724:for Minority Rights
4307:, SingaporeLaw.sg,
4140:, 17 September 2018
2991:Leader of the House
2822:Aline K. Wong (
2675:on 18 February 2012
2461:No. 11 of 1990
2404:Goh Chok Tong,
2362:Goh Chok Tong,
2263:President's Address
1442:(1–17 October 2001)
1129:On 18 August 2009,
1015:enacted based on a
931:Leader of the House
902:that the scheme is
657:During a debate in
617:originating from a
613:) became the first
123:Leader of the House
5063:Administrative law
4937:Legislative branch
4894:Constitutional law
4790:The Public Service
4522:General principles
4444:Academy Publishing
4357:, pp. 41–68,
4315:on 17 October 2010
3133:on 2 December 2010
3112:on 2 December 2010
2054:Abbas Ali Mohamed
1127:
1123:Singapore citizens
953:view of politics.
815:
813:, in December 2005
772:
702:
5464:1990 in Singapore
5448:
5447:
5208:Arms Offences Act
5171:
5170:
5048:
5047:
4975:Judicial officers
4853:
4852:
4776:Judicial officers
4453:978-981-07-1515-1
4430:978-981-236-795-2
4403:978-981-08-6456-9
4364:978-0-409-99789-7
4355:Butterworths Asia
4330:Malaya Law Review
4165:, 14 January 2021
4053:on 13 August 2014
4035:The Straits Times
4029:on 13 August 2014
4003:The Straits Times
3961:, pp. A1, A4
3959:The Straits Times
3821:The Straits Times
3805:The Straits Times
3780:The Straits Times
3709:on 18 August 2010
3643: (NMP), "
3614:The Straits Times
3599:The Straits Times
3584:The Straits Times
3558:The Straits Times
3550:The Straits Times
3542:The Straits Times
3451:The Straits Times
3329:The Straits Times
3252:The Straits Times
3244:The Straits Times
3215:The Straits Times
3037:978-0-415-14864-1
2973:978-0-415-12054-8
2936:978-981-210-218-8
2903:: 80–122 at 101,
2834:The Straits Times
2809:The Straits Times
2788:The Straits Times
2759:The Straits Times
2240:
2239:
2236:
2214:Begum Abdul Rahim
2183:Tiang Choon Keith
1688:Eunice Elizabeth
1610:Eunice Elizabeth
1544:Chandra Mohan K.
1465:Chandra Mohan K.
1093:The Straits Times
1086:The Straits Times
865:Singapore citizen
853:political parties
733:for amending the
720:general elections
503:
502:
430:Joshua Thomas Raj
424:Mark Lee Kean Phi
406:
405:
345:General elections
5481:
5140:unreasonableness
5088:Threshold issues
5068:
5067:
5056:
4928:Attorney-General
4901:Executive branch
4898:
4897:
4887:Law of Singapore
4880:
4873:
4866:
4857:
4856:
4640:Attorney-General
4497:
4490:
4483:
4474:
4473:
4456:
4433:
4411:Tan, Kevin Y L;
4406:
4387:
4367:
4337:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4311:, archived from
4296:
4279:
4268:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4130:
4124:
4106:
4104:
4089:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4070:Channel NewsAsia
4062:
4056:
4054:
4038:
4030:
4028:
4014:
4008:
4006:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3962:
3945:
3939:
3928:
3922:
3911:
3905:
3886:Abdullah Tarmugi
3883:
3877:
3866:
3860:
3849:
3843:
3832:
3826:
3824:
3808:
3791:
3785:
3783:
3759:
3753:
3751:
3718:
3712:
3710:
3705:, archived from
3690:
3684:
3662:
3656:
3638:
3632:
3625:
3619:
3617:
3609:
3603:
3601:
3594:
3588:
3586:
3579:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3499:
3497:
3489:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3462:
3456:
3454:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3424:on 30 April 2014
3420:, archived from
3409:
3403:
3401:
3400:on 30 April 2014
3399:
3393:, archived from
3384:
3375:
3374:on 30 April 2014
3370:, archived from
3359:
3353:
3351:
3332:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3303:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3247:
3239:
3233:
3226:
3220:
3218:
3210:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3191:on 11 March 2011
3178:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3149:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3098:
3092:
3074:
3068:
3053: (NMP),
3048:
3042:
3040:
3008:
3002:
2984:
2978:
2976:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2922:
2913:
2911:
2893:
2887:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2845:
2839:
2837:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2753:
2744:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2718:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2642:
2639:
2628:
2625:
2619:
2616:
2610:
2591:
2582:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2561:
2555:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2480:
2470:
2464:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2431:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2402:
2396:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2371:
2360:
2354:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2276:
2270:
2252:
2234:
1161:
1160:
1144:cultural elitism
1099:general election
743:select committee
488:
486:
481:
408:
407:
398:
391:
384:
361:
360:
359:
155:
46:
21:
20:
5489:
5488:
5484:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5449:
5444:
5426:
5405:
5323:
5297:
5293:Women's Charter
5288:Matrimonial law
5274:
5194:
5177:
5167:
5144:
5125:
5092:
5057:
5044:
5006:
4990:Court of Appeal
4965:Judicial system
4958:Judicial branch
4953:
4932:
4889:
4884:
4854:
4849:
4840:
4828:
4822:
4806:
4785:
4754:Court of Appeal
4735:
4723:
4717:
4654:The Legislature
4649:
4611:
4553:
4517:
4506:
4501:
4464:
4454:
4431:
4404:
4371:
4365:
4345:
4318:
4316:
4277:
4251:
4246:
4244:Further reading
4207:
4202:
4193:
4191:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4168:
4166:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4143:
4141:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4105:on 12 July 2016
4102:
4087:
4075:
4073:
4072:, 17 March 2016
4064:
4063:
4059:
4026:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4000:
3987:
3983:
3977:on 15 July 2009
3946:
3942:
3929:
3925:
3912:
3908:
3884:
3880:
3867:
3863:
3850:
3846:
3833:
3829:
3818:
3792:
3788:
3777:
3760:
3756:
3750:on 13 July 2007
3736:
3719:
3715:
3691:
3687:
3669:Minister Mentor
3663:
3659:
3641:Viswa Sadasivan
3639:
3635:
3626:
3622:
3616:, 11 March 2011
3611:
3610:
3606:
3595:
3591:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3566:
3530:
3526:
3506:
3502:
3479:
3475:
3463:
3459:
3434:
3430:
3410:
3406:
3397:
3382:
3360:
3356:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3312:
3301:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3249:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3227:
3223:
3212:
3211:
3204:
3194:
3192:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3162:on 1 March 2011
3150:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3115:
3113:
3099:
3095:
3075:
3071:
3049:
3045:
3038:
3009:
3005:
2985:
2981:
2974:
2948:
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2923:
2916:
2894:
2890:
2874:
2870:
2846:
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2831:
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2806:
2800:
2796:
2785:
2772:
2768:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2734:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2617:
2613:
2594:Lee Hsien Loong
2592:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2570:, 27 April 2010
2563:
2562:
2558:
2540:Lee Hsien Loong
2538:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2454:
2433:
2432:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2403:
2399:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2361:
2357:
2351:Wayback Machine
2341:
2337:
2332:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2277:
2273:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2202:Nimil Rajnikant
2169:
2167:14th Parliament
2096:
2094:14th Parliament
2022:
2020:13th Parliament
1949:
1947:13th Parliament
1874:
1873:12th Parliament
1800:
1798:12th Parliament
1721:
1720:11th Parliament
1652:
1650:11th Parliament
1576:
1575:10th Parliament
1505:
1503:10th Parliament
1441:
1367:
1294:
1243:
1192:
1171:
1152:Minister Mentor
1135:National Pledge
1131:Viswa Sadasivan
1113:display at the
994:
981:Viswa Sadasivan
967:
888:
830:Lee Hsien Loong
804:
762:Lee Hsien Loong
751:
640:
635:
561:Lee Hsien Loong
552:chaired by the
539:
527:political party
499:28,900 annually
484:
482:
479:
440:
438:
437:
435:
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429:
427:
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423:
421:
419:
402:
373:
369:Other countries
357:
355:
350:
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335:
325:
324:
309:
282:Court of Appeal
277:
273:Sundaresh Menon
256:
246:
245:
227:
183:
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164:
160:14th Parliament
94:
84:
83:
60:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5487:
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5276:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5262:
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5252:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5235:
5233:Kidnapping Act
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5204:
5202:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5181:
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5160:
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5142:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5102:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5074:
5072:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5016:
5014:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4940:
4938:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4923:Prime Minister
4920:
4915:
4910:
4904:
4902:
4895:
4891:
4890:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4860:
4851:
4850:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4832:
4830:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4799:
4793:
4791:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4745:
4743:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4727:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4635:Prime Minister
4632:
4627:
4621:
4619:
4617:The Government
4613:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4551:
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4536:
4531:
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4519:
4518:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4500:
4499:
4492:
4485:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4463:
4462:External links
4460:
4459:
4458:
4452:
4435:
4429:
4408:
4402:
4389:
4369:
4363:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4325:
4298:
4270:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4221:Goh, Chok Tong
4218:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4190:, 17 July 2023
4175:
4150:
4125:
4057:
4009:
3989:Michael Palmer
3981:
3940:
3923:
3906:
3878:
3861:
3844:
3827:
3786:
3754:
3713:
3685:
3657:
3633:
3620:
3604:
3589:
3574:
3564:
3524:
3500:
3473:
3457:
3428:
3404:
3354:
3319:
3315:on 22 May 2008
3287:
3262:
3234:
3221:
3202:
3173:
3144:
3093:
3069:
3043:
3036:
3003:
2979:
2972:
2964:169–183 at 176
2942:
2935:
2914:
2888:
2876:Chiam See Tong
2868:
2840:
2815:
2794:
2774:Tan Cheng Bock
2766:
2745:
2728:
2719:
2706:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2661:Michael Palmer
2652:
2643:
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2620:
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2583:
2574:
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2532:
2523:
2514:
2490:
2481:
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2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
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2244:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2205:Joshua Thomas
2203:
2197:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2143:Joshua Thomas
2141:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2113:
2106:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2080:
2074:
2067:
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2031:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2006:
1999:
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1939:
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1498:
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1489:
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1476:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1450:
1440:9th Parliament
1437:
1436:
1435:
1429:
1421:
1414:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1388:
1379:
1366:9th Parliament
1363:
1362:
1361:
1355:
1346:
1340:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1312:
1306:
1293:9th Parliament
1289:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1260:
1252:
1242:8th Parliament
1239:
1238:
1237:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1208:
1201:
1191:8th Parliament
1188:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1170:7th Parliament
1166:
1165:
1047:in Singapore.
1033:Roman Catholic
1022:Kanwaljit Soin
993:
990:
977:Workers' Party
966:
963:
912:Chiam See Tong
892:Tan Cheng Bock
887:
884:
827:Prime Minister
803:
800:
759:Prime Minister
750:
747:
674:constituencies
639:
638:Implementation
636:
634:
631:
558:Prime Minister
538:
535:
501:
500:
494:
490:
489:
476:
472:
471:
468:
462:
461:
456:
452:
451:
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404:
403:
401:
400:
393:
386:
378:
375:
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372:
371:
365:
352:
351:
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336:
331:
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226:
225:
214:
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205:
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170:
168:Constituencies
163:
162:
149:
148:
134:
133:
126:Indranee Rajah
119:
118:
111:Seah Kian Peng
104:
103:
95:
90:
89:
86:
85:
82:
81:
76:
70:
69:
61:
56:
55:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
33:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5486:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5452:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5429:
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5408:
5402:
5399:
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5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5314:Charities Act
5312:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5302:Religious law
5300:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5270:Vandalism Act
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
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5248:
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5240:
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5159:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5141:
5139:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5130:Irrationality
5128:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5055:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5003:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4985:Supreme Court
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4881:
4876:
4874:
4869:
4867:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4848:
4843:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4825:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4788:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4771:Chief Justice
4769:
4767:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4749:Supreme Court
4747:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4741:The Judiciary
4738:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4614:
4608:
4607:Right to vote
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4509:
4505:
4498:
4493:
4491:
4486:
4484:
4479:
4478:
4475:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4455:
4449:
4445:
4442:, Singapore:
4441:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4395:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4375:, Singapore:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4360:
4356:
4353:, Singapore:
4352:
4347:
4346:
4335:
4331:
4326:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4253:
4252:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4189:
4185:
4179:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4139:
4138:Straits Times
4135:
4129:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4109:Halimah Yacob
4101:
4097:
4095:
4086:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4036:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4013:
4004:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3985:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3960:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3858:
3854:
3848:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3822:
3816:
3812:
3806:
3800:
3796:
3790:
3781:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3762:Tan Soo Khoon
3758:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3721:Tan Soo Khoon
3717:
3708:
3704:
3702:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3661:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3637:
3630:
3624:
3615:
3608:
3600:
3593:
3585:
3578:
3568:
3559:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3528:
3519:
3511:
3504:
3495:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3468:
3461:
3452:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3432:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3396:
3392:
3390:
3381:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3358:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3323:
3311:
3307:
3300:
3299:
3291:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3258:
3253:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3225:
3216:
3209:
3207:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3177:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3148:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3039:
3033:
3029:
3028:95–127 at 104
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2987:Wong Kan Seng
2983:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2946:
2938:
2932:
2928:
2921:
2919:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2851:Legal Studies
2844:
2835:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2810:
2804:
2798:
2789:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2770:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2750:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2723:
2716:
2710:
2701:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2656:
2647:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2624:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2578:
2569:
2568:
2560:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2527:
2518:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2498:Wong Kan Seng
2494:
2485:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2456:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2437:, Singapore:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2418:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2359:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2344:cols. 773–780
2339:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2279:Goh Chok Tong
2275:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2232:
2227:Taha Alhabsyi
2226:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2076:Walter Edgar
2075:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2013:
2012:
2011:Thanaletchimi
2007:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1791:
1789:
1784:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1760:Tay Straughan
1756:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1746:s/o Sadasivan
1745:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1696:Phua née Wong
1693:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:Mathiaparanam
1537:
1535:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1461:Mathiaparanam
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1164:List of NMPs
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1045:legal culture
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
999:
989:
985:
982:
978:
974:
971:
962:
959:
954:
952:
948:
944:
939:
934:
932:
928:
927:Wong Kan Seng
923:
921:
917:
913:
908:
905:
901:
897:
893:
883:
881:
877:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
848:
843:
840:
835:
831:
828:
824:
820:
812:
808:
799:
795:
793:
787:
784:
783:Wong Kan Seng
781:
777:
770:
766:
763:
760:
757:According to
755:
749:Modifications
746:
744:
740:
739:First Reading
736:
732:
727:
723:
721:
715:
712:
708:
699:
695:
691:
688:
687:Goh Chok Tong
685:
681:
677:
675:
671:
667:
666:Goh Chok Tong
664:
660:
655:
653:
649:
645:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
565:
562:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
498:
495:
491:
477:
473:
469:
467:
463:
460:
457:
453:
450:
447:
443:
414:
409:
399:
394:
392:
387:
385:
380:
379:
377:
376:
370:
367:
366:
364:
354:
353:
346:
343:
341:
338:
337:
334:
329:
328:
321:
318:
316:
315:
311:
310:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
287:
284:
283:
279:
278:
274:
271:
270:Chief Justice
268:
267:
264:
263:
259:
258:
255:
250:
249:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:Lawrence Wong
216:
215:
212:
211:
207:
206:
202:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
186:
185:
182:
177:
176:
169:
166:
165:
161:
158:
157:
156:
154:
146:
142:
139:
136:
135:
131:
127:
124:
121:
120:
116:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
88:
87:
80:
77:
75:
72:
71:
68:
67:
63:
62:
59:
54:
53:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
5450:
5260:Sedition Act
5200:Criminal law
5137:
5025:Human rights
5012:Constitution
5002:State Courts
4766:State Courts
4712:
4691:By-elections
4681:Presidential
4645:The Reserves
4512:
4439:
4416:
4413:Thio, Li-ann
4393:
4372:
4350:
4333:
4329:
4317:, retrieved
4313:the original
4303:
4285:
4281:
4264:
4260:
4236:
4192:, retrieved
4187:
4178:
4167:, retrieved
4162:
4153:
4144:18 September
4142:, retrieved
4137:
4128:
4120:
4100:the original
4091:
4074:, retrieved
4069:
4060:
4051:the original
4046:
4037:, p. A1
4034:
4024:the original
4018:
4012:
4002:
3996:
3984:
3975:the original
3970:
3958:
3952:
3943:
3935:
3926:
3918:
3909:
3901:
3893:
3881:
3873:
3864:
3856:
3847:
3839:
3830:
3820:
3814:
3804:
3798:
3789:
3779:
3773:
3757:
3748:the original
3738:
3732:
3716:
3707:the original
3698:
3688:
3680:
3676:
3665:Lee Kuan Yew
3660:
3652:
3648:
3636:
3623:
3613:
3607:
3598:
3592:
3583:
3577:
3567:
3560:, p. 13
3557:
3552:, p. 20
3549:
3544:, p. 20
3541:
3536:, p. 20
3533:
3527:
3520:, p. 16
3517:
3512:, p. 14
3509:
3503:
3493:
3488:, p. 22
3485:
3482:Calvin Cheng
3476:
3466:
3460:
3450:
3444:
3440:
3431:
3422:the original
3417:
3407:
3395:the original
3386:
3372:the original
3367:
3357:
3340:
3328:
3322:
3310:the original
3297:
3290:
3278:. Retrieved
3274:
3265:
3255:
3251:
3243:
3237:
3224:
3214:
3193:, retrieved
3189:the original
3183:
3176:
3164:, retrieved
3160:the original
3154:
3147:
3135:, retrieved
3131:the original
3125:
3114:, retrieved
3110:the original
3104:
3096:
3088:
3072:
3065:
3061:
3046:
3019:
3006:
2998:
2982:
2955:
2945:
2926:
2900:
2891:
2883:
2880:Potong Pasir
2871:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2833:
2827:
2824:Tampines GRC
2818:
2808:
2802:
2797:
2787:
2781:
2769:
2757:
2740:
2731:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2682:
2673:the original
2668:
2655:
2646:
2623:
2614:
2605:
2601:
2577:
2565:
2559:
2551:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2509:
2493:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2455:
2434:
2417:
2409:
2400:
2384:
2375:
2367:
2358:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2294:
2274:
2266:
2250:
2224:
2217:
2211:
2206:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2180:
2174:
2165:
2155:
2149:
2144:
2136:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2109:
2102:
2092:
2083:
2077:
2070:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2042:
2035:
2027:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1996:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1969:
1961:
1954:
1945:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1907:Mohd. Ismail
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1880:
1872:
1864:
1858:
1851:
1843:
1836:
1828:
1820:
1812:
1806:
1796:
1787:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1759:
1751:
1743:
1736:
1728:
1719:
1708:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1676:
1670:
1663:
1658:
1648:
1640:
1634:
1627:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1597:
1589:
1582:
1574:
1565:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1434:B. Baharudin
1431:
1425:
1417:
1410:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1360:B. Baharudin
1357:
1350:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1323:
1316:
1308:
1301:
1292:
1282:
1276:
1269:
1263:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1232:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1177:
1169:
1155:Lee Kuan Yew
1142:schools and
1128:
1091:
1084:
1074:
1071:Calvin Cheng
1068:
1061:
1053:Loretta Chen
1049:
1026:
1002:
998:cardiologist
995:
986:
968:
955:
947:technocratic
941:
936:
924:
909:
904:undemocratic
889:
869:
850:
847:objectivity.
845:
839:non-partisan
816:
796:
788:
773:
764:
728:
724:
716:
703:
692:set out the
689:
670:Singaporeans
656:
641:
606:
604:
596:technocratic
588:undemocratic
585:
569:Constitution
566:
547:
540:
531:constituency
510:
506:
504:
320:State Courts
312:
280:
260:
241:The Reserves
208:
187:
150:
141:Pritam Singh
98:
79:Human rights
64:
18:
4811:Citizenship
4544:Rule of law
3807:, p. 1
3554:. See also
3514:. See also
3496:, p. 8
3490:. See also
3469:, p. 6
3453:, p. 8
3343:: 414–443,
3275:TODAYonline
3026:, pp.
3012:Garry Rodan
2962:, pp.
2897:Thio Li-ann
2255:Wee Kim Wee
2105:Abdul Wahab
1909:bin Hussein
1895:Karthikeyan
1839:Tsung Chern
1744:Viswaroopan
1682:Kalyani K.
1550:A. Nithiah
1285:Cheong Ming
1258:bin Mohamed
1235:Cheong Ming
943:Garry Rodan
623:Walter Woon
466:Term length
426:Ong Hua Han
92:Legislature
5458:Categories
5392:(Repealed)
5280:Family law
5238:Penal Code
5178:resolution
5138:Wednesbury
5098:Illegality
4995:High Court
4949:Parliament
4913:Government
4759:High Court
4666:Parliament
4602:Article 16
4597:Article 15
4592:Article 14
4587:Article 13
4582:Article 12
4577:Article 11
4572:Article 10
4421:LexisNexis
4319:1 December
4288:(4): 438,
4205:References
4169:14 January
3280:3 December
3195:4 December
3166:2 December
3137:2 December
3116:2 December
3077:Sylvia Lim
3022:, London:
2778:Ayer Rajah
2715:money bill
2177:Usha Ranee
2175:Chandradas
2073:Siew Ching
1923:Chi'-Loong
1867:Siong Seng
1854:Kheng Boon
1807:Dhinakaran
1775:Yoke Thong
1768:Siong Seng
1679:Choon Yong
1630:Paak Liang
1606:Choon Yong
1581:Alexander
1488:Seong Chee
1481:Beng Chuan
1449:Chong Chia
1420:Seong Chee
1413:Beng Chuan
1393:Chong Chia
1353:Seong Chee
1345:Beng Chuan
1329:Shriniwas
1275:Kanwaljit
1211:Kanwaljit
1057:Janice Koh
1013:public law
973:Sylvia Lim
900:Aline Wong
886:Assessment
876:money bill
834:grassroots
769:Parliament
698:Parliament
694:Government
659:Parliament
648:Government
615:public Act
581:Government
537:Background
485:1990-09-10
314:High Court
236:Ministries
100:Parliament
58:Government
5410:Procedure
5020:Elections
4944:President
4908:President
4676:Elections
4661:President
4625:President
4567:Article 9
4336:: 268–274
3100:See also
3024:Routledge
2960:Routledge
2847:See also
2713:The term
2259:President
2132:Hian Teck
2126:Hsing Yao
2065:Lay Theng
2038:Peow Yong
2030:Duraisamy
2005:Gee Kwang
2001:Randolph
1992:Shiao-Yin
1985:Heng Leun
1964:Yong Yong
1930:Gee Kwang
1926:Randolph
1919:Benedict
1903:Shiao-Yin
1883:Yong Yong
1835:Laurence
1819:Nicholas
1805:Ramasamy
1786:Joscelin
1771:Laurence
1673:Teck Fook
1643:Yock Ngee
1596:Lawrence
1568:Tee Liang
1560:Ser Miang
1522:Jennifer
1475:Chin Guan
1452:Jennifer
1407:Chin Guan
1396:Jennifer
1326:Tsao Yuan
1311:Shaw Peng
1272:Tsao Yuan
1266:Ching Yen
1221:Keng Kiat
1207:Teck Chew
1185:Chee Whye
1081:Young PAP
1029:Gerard Ee
896:Dixie Tan
861:dissolved
857:elections
823:president
523:president
475:Formation
455:Appointer
445:Nominator
434:See Jinli
418:Incumbent
333:Elections
254:Judiciary
181:Executive
5083:Remedies
4534:Remedies
4385:35566184
4379:, 1990,
4194:20 March
4115:), "
4096:website)
4076:17 March
3768:), "
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2447:35566184
2441:, 1990,
2347:Archived
2261:), "
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2158:Yia Swam
2152:Abdullah
2139:Lian Pin
2112:Guat Har
2078:Theseira
2034:Douglas
1972:Kee Seng
1937:Tai Yong
1916:Siow Lan
1891:Kee Seng
1846:Kiah Eng
1790:Wei Ling
1754:Beng Mei
1750:Mildred
1704:Kum Hong
1698:Wai Chan
1666:Hui Fong
1659:Banerjee
1621:Soh Khim
1600:Chin Hin
1585:Meng Wah
1526:Gek Choo
1519:See Khem
1456:Gek Choo
1432:Zulkifli
1400:Gek Choo
1386:Hock Kim
1377:See Ngoh
1358:Zulkifli
1339:Soo Leng
1335:Cyrille
1319:Hock Kim
1304:See Ngoh
1262:Stephen
1250:De Payva
1200:Shi Teck
1176:Maurice
1111:animated
1043:and the
1041:soft law
627:election
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5071:General
4918:Cabinet
4686:General
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4630:Cabinet
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2061:Anthea
2051:Sun Sun
2045:Wee San
1995:Mahdev
1978:Rajaram
1968:Thomas
1887:Thomas
1861:Su Shan
1850:Eugene
1827:Janice
1823:Kuo Wei
1782:Wai Yen
1778:Audrey
1758:Paulin
1752:Tan-Sim
1739:Kok Hua
1731:Ern Lee
1727:Calvin
1694:Jessie
1657:Gautam
1637:Sze Wee
1538:Braema
1534:Ooi Lin
1530:Olivia
1513:Ai Lian
1491:Thomas
1459:Braema
1424:Thomas
1382:Gerard
1373:Claire
1315:Gerard
1300:Claire
1281:Walter
1231:Walter
1227:Kok Yeo
1203:Robert
951:elitist
600:elitist
579:in the
573:motions
517:of the
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108:Speaker
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1471:Noris
1426:Thomas
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1375:Chiang
1349:Simon
1309:Chuang
1302:Chiang
929:, the
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898:, and
776:motion
515:member
493:Salary
5328:Other
4343:Books
4278:(PDF)
4103:(PDF)
4088:(PDF)
4047:Today
4027:(PDF)
3971:Today
3572:3(2).
3534:Today
3518:Today
3510:Today
3494:Today
3486:Today
3467:Today
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3398:(PDF)
3383:(PDF)
3368:Today
3313:(PDF)
3302:(PDF)
2669:Today
2567:Today
2243:Notes
2225:Harun
2223:Syed
2220:Jinli
2186:Mark
2124:Cheng
2116:Mark
2103:Samad
2028:Arasu
1997:Mohan
1957:Ahmad
1912:Rita
1842:Mary
1729:Cheng
1690:Olsen
1684:Mehta
1626:Ivan
1612:Olsen
1566:Ngiam
1256:Imram
1248:John
1183:Leong
1076:Today
300:Chong
5158:Bias
4448:ISBN
4425:ISBN
4398:ISBN
4381:OCLC
4359:ISBN
4321:2010
4227:and
4196:2024
4171:2021
4146:2018
4078:2016
3538:and
3345:SSRN
3282:2021
3197:2010
3168:2010
3139:2010
3118:2010
3081:NCMP
3032:ISBN
2968:ISBN
2931:ISBN
2905:SSRN
2443:OCLC
2285:and
2181:Chua
2130:Hoon
2118:Chay
2071:Quay
1990:Kuik
1970:Chua
1962:Chia
1901:Kuik
1889:Chua
1881:Chia
1844:Liew
1837:Lien
1821:Fang
1780:Wong
1709:Thio
1702:Siew
1671:Khew
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1031:, a
992:NMPs
949:and
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731:bill
729:The
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598:and
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3681:ff.
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2110:Ang
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2036:Foo
2009:K.
2003:Tan
1983:Kok
1935:Tan
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