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1024:, aimed at granting land back to the black communities who were forcibly moved during apartheid, had redistributed tens of thousands of hectares to these communities and their descendants. However, the process has been marked by corruption, controversy and has been seen as inadequate to address the extent of apartheid spatial planning.
834:
stone-walled sites on the
Mpumalanga highveld are indicative of a large precolonial agropastoral society between ~1500 and 1820 CE. These societies became centers of trade, with increasingly large and centralised populations This pattern increased as they connected to the Portuguese trading post in
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was a key point in the South
African labour struggle. By the late 1980s, the intensity of resistance across South Africa (including areas like Mpumalanga, which hadn't previously been seen as key areas of resistance) combined with economic factors and international pressure was strong enough to end
1495:, previously known as Gaza-Kruger-Gonarezhou Transfrontier Park. This international game park brings together some of the best and most established wildlife areas in southern Africa. The park is managed as an integrated unit across an unprecedented three international boundaries which includes the
1819:
allow for a variety of agricultural activities. Mpumalanga has been an important supplier of fruit and vegetables for local and international markets for decades. A history of dispossession mean that farming land is largely white owned, although policies of land redistribution era aim to address
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system. Under the constitution of South Africa, the legislature is intended to create laws, promote public participation and provide oversight. From 1994 to the present, the
African National Congress has been the leading party in the Mpumalanga legislature. As of the 2019 elections, the
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dating back 1.7 million years. Rock paintings, engravings and other archeological evidence throughout the province indicate that
Mpumalanga has a long history of human habitation by groups of hunter gatherers. Excavations not far from the Mpumalanga border in the
870:, the first Dutch-speaking colonial settlers arrived in what they called the eastern Transvaal. The rest of the 19th century in the region was characterised by colonial encroachment and conflict over land and political control. In 1852, the Boers established the
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in the province, rainfall is becoming more variable, temperatures and evaporation rates are rising and extreme weather events are becoming more frequent. It is predicted that these changes will shift biomes so that most of the province will be savanna.
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is in the latter region. The
Drakensberg exceeds heights of 2000 m in most places, with this central region of Mpumalanga being very mountainous. These regions have alpine grasslands and small pockets of
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down to
Hazyview. The Lowveld Gourmet Route covers the four top fine dining restaurants the area has to offer. The restaurants include Summerfields Kitchen, Oliver's Restaurant, Orange and Salt.
2025:, established in 1898 for the protection of Lowveld wildlife, covering 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi), is a popular destination. The other major tourist attractions include the
3478:. Lotter, Mervyn., McCleland, Warren., Burrows, J. E. (John Eric), 1950-, Burrows, Sandie, 1959-, Hempson, Dave., Amm, Mike. (2nd ed., rev. and updated ed.). Johannesburg: Jacana Media.
3229:
A conservation assessment of
Amblysomus robustus in Child MF, Roxburgh L, Do Linh San E, Raimondo D, Davies-Mostert HT, editors. The Red List of Mammals of South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho
1534:, Chitwa Chitwa Game Lodge, Djuma Game Reserve, Exeter Game Lodge, Inyati Private Game Reserve, Leopard Hills Private Game Reserve, Lion Sands Private Game Reserve, Londolozi Game Reserve,
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in response to the working conditions Black South
African labourers faced on farms in the area. The region was influenced by dynamics in exile and elsewhere in the country, for instance
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898:). These interconnected conflicts played a role in shifting the balance of power in southern Africa to colonial control. After 1860, missionaries, especially German missionaries like
992:. In the 1980s, under intense repression, youth and labour organizations moblized against the government and townships and Bantustans erupted in political unrest and violence.
1971:
Gold was first discovered in
Mpumalanga province in 1883 by Auguste Roberts in the mountains surrounding what is now Barberton. Gold is still mined in the Barberton area today.
1349:, a fossil layer shows microbial activity that is 3.22 billion years old. This discovery indicates that life emerged on Earth 300 million years earlier than previously thought.
1974:
Mpumalanga accounts for 83% of South Africa's coal production. 90% of South Africa's coal consumption is used for electricity generation and the synthetic fuel industry. Coal
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Just as the region had been a center for trade in the precolonial era, in the colonial era, the
Eastern Transvaal region became an important thoroughfare for trade between
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1548:
Many species of plants are unique to the different geological formations within Mpumalanga. Some examples of these formations include serpentines of Barberton Mountains,
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1282:. The Highveld is comparatively much cooler and drier, due to its elevation of 1700 m to 2300 m above sea level. The Drakensberg escarpment receives the most
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771:, the region and its surroundings have a history that extends back thousands of years. Much of its history, and current significance is as a region of trade.
1008:, Mpumalanga province was formed. It was originally called the "Eastern Transvaal" province, but the name was later changed to Mpumalanga on 24 August 1995.
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1290:. The Highveld often experiences considerable freezing, while the Lowveld is mostly frost-free. Winter rainfall is rare, except for some drizzle on the
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Many activities including the big jump, mountain and quad biking, horse trails, river rafting and big game viewing are endemic to the region. This is "
1866:, permanent and temporary labourers. Conditions on farms vary widely but seasonal and temporary workers, many of whom are migrant workers from nearby
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Mpumalanga is home to a diverse range of cultures, including Swazi, Ndebele, Afrikaans, Tsonga, Zulu, Mapulana, Portuguese and Pedi communities.
949:. Under a policy of forced removals, Black South Africans were evicted from areas reserved for white people and moved into homelands, including
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Mbombela averages: January maximum: 29 °C (min: 19 °C), July maximum: 23 °C (min: 6 °C), annual precipitation: 767 mm
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Belfast averages: January maximum: 23 °C (min: 12 °C), June maximum: 15 °C (min: 1 °C), annual precipitation: 878 mm
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824:, from around 500 CE, are Africa's oldest Iron Age artworks south of the equator and were found in Mpumalanga. Evidence from a site near
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Mpumalanga's population is 4,039,939 people (according to the 2011 census). The average population density is 52.81 people per km².
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Evidence from mine shafts and trade goods shows that there was notable industry in tin, copper, gold, iron, ochre, and bronze. The
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gained international acclaim for her artwork rooted in Ndebele traditions and geometric patterns. Prominent South African artist
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border, shows evidence of people mining iron ore in the Mpumalanga region and surrounding areas from at least 28 000 years ago.
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2903:"Lydenburg Heads (Ca. 500 A.D.) | Essay | the Metropolitan Museum of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History"
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1851:, subtropical and deciduous fruit. Natural grazing covers approximately 14% of Mpumalanga. The main products are beef,
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2610:. As of the 2011 census, approximately 90.65% of Mpumalanga's population are Black, 7.51% are White, and 0.91% are
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2979:"One of the most extraordinary archaeological and historical phenomena in Southern Africa | The Heritage Portal"
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874:. The well established Pedi, Swazi and Zulu kingdoms put up significant resistance against the settlers. The
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3231:. South Africa: South African National Biodiversity Institute and Endangered Wildlife Trust, South Africa.
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The diverse and special flora and fauna of the province enjoys protection in a range of nature reserves.
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and farming were the main forms of economic activity. On farms in the Transvaal, under a system known as
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84:
39:
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3125:"DM168 INVESTIGATION: Case number 35402/2010 – the Mabuzas and the giant Mpumalanga land claims 'scam'"
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72:
3009:. Cornell University Library. London : G. Routledge & Sons; New York, E.P. Dutton & Co.
3580:"Foreign Migrants in Export Agriculture: Mozambican Labour in the Mpumalanga Lowveld, South Africa"
2002:
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68% of land area in the province is used by agriculture. The climatic contrasts between the drier
27:"Eastern Transvaal" redirects here. For the rugby team formerly known as "Eastern Transvaal", see
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form the Crocodile River Mountains in the southeast of the province. The Lowveld is underlaid by
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925:, Boers carried out raids to capture children and forced them into indentured labour. During the
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3618:"Mpumalanga Province Freight Data Bank > Industries > Agriculture, Hunting & Forestry"
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national arts festival Innibos. The festival features music, comedy, arts, crafts and theatre.
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1990:) is one of the country's two petroleum-from-coal extraction plants, which is operated by the
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Geotrail, where evidence of the earliest signs of life (3.2 billion-years-old) was found.
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escarpment divides Mpumalanga into a westerly half consisting mainly of high-altitude
31:. For the team formerly called "South Eastern Transvaal" representing Mpumalanga, see
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Archeological sites in the Mpumalanga region indicate settlement by humans and their
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set up mission stations in the region, spreading Christianity and European values.
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3343:"Notes on the Lamiaceae: A new Tetradenia and a new Thorncroftia from South Africa"
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2010:
1378:
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1005:
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767:. Although the contemporary borders of the province were only formed at the end of
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1020:(ANC) came into power in Mpumalanga after white minority rule ended. A program of
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that defined almost every aspect of life, activists responded with resistance.
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shows evidence of agricultural societies from between the 6th to 17th century.
3670:, Mpumalanga South Africa, ExploreSouthAfrica.net. (URL accessed 30 April 2006)
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1991:
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Select constitutional documents illustrating South African history, 1795-1910
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1987:
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232:
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2849:"Evidence of Iron Ore Mining in Southern Africa in the Middle Stone Age"
1294:. The differences in climate are demonstrated by comparing the capital,
1216:
rocks of ages in excess of 2 billion years. The Highveld is mostly
4026:
3382:"Threatened Species Programme | SANBI Red List of South African Plants"
2880:
2848:
2133: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1949:
1941:
1889:
1867:
1542:
1504:
1291:
1263:
1191:
1186:. The Lowveld is relatively flat with interspersed rocky outcrops. The
1069: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
954:
867:
836:
756:
655:
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3020:
Calder., Campbell, Gwyn, 1952- Miers, Suzanne. Miller, Joseph (2008).
1286:, with all other areas being moderately well-watered by mostly-summer
858:
and others established themselves in the area that is now Mpumalanga.
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2749:"Provincial gross domestic product:experimental estimates, 2013–2022"
2611:
2258:
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2077:
1957:
1953:
1933:
1917:
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are in opposition in the legislature. Elected every five years, the
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1530:, which is built up of numerous private reserves: Nottens Bush Camp,
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2006:
1945:
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Mpumalanga has a high plant and animal diversity. Many species are
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Mpumalanga was formed in 1994, when the area that was the Eastern
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4159:
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3686:, Energy Information Administration. (URL accessed 30 April 2006)
2928:"Prehistory of the Nelspruit area | South African History Online"
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Since 2003, Mpumalanga's capital city, Mbombela, has hosted the
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intensified the segregation that had defined communities in the
809:
habitation dating back to 40,000 years ago. The Lion Cavern, in
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3730:
3178:"Life took hold on land 300 million years earlier than thought"
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1929:
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Extensive mining is done and the minerals found include gold,
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Kruger National Park, South Africa's largest conservation area
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in the region's highveld. The response to the disaster by the
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1995:
1965:
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on what is now the Mpumalanga highveld was the center of the
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2223:
is a renowned center of cultural heritage, with displays of
1234:
Mpumalanga is the only South African province to border two
1961:
1921:
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Farming in the province is driven by both a combination of
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1816:
1321:
995:
In 1986, an avoidable disaster killed 177 mine workers in
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620:
608:
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519:
3537:"Office of the Premier — Mpumalanga Provincial Government"
1641:. The district municipalities are in turn divided into 18
1364:
A partial list of species that are endemic to Mpumalanga
2629:
List of speakers of the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature
1937:
1590:
system of 30 legislators democratically elected though a
1197:
Some of the oldest rocks on earth have been found in the
1165:
and an eastern half situated in low-altitude subtropical
658:. It shares borders with the South African provinces of
623:
3541:
Office of the Premier — Mpumalanga Provincial Government
1004:
apartheid. On 27 April 1994, when South Africa held its
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Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park
3172:
3170:
1031:
was the first farm in South Africa to be expropriated.
1611:
is the head of government in the province. Since 2024
1538:, Savanna Private Game Reserve and Ulusaba Game Lodge.
61:
3756:"InniBos Kunstefees / Event in Nelspruit, Mpumalanga"
1190:
form a low range in the far east, on the border with
650:. Mpumalanga lies in eastern South Africa, bordering
596:
3167:
3099:"Don't eat potatoes! | South African History Online"
2724:"Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab"
1027:
In 2001, 1,270 hectares of the Boomplaats farm near
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1815:region, with its cold winters, and the hot, humid
1016:The liberation movement turned leading party, the
3584:Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie
3573:
3571:
2242:Many celebrated South African musicians, such as
965:. As the apartheid regime implemented oppressive
4386:
3642:Mpumalanga in brief: The economy of the province
2009:means that the region has the highest levels of
1847:cane, vegetables, coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco,
1278:, due to its latitude and proximity to the warm
1341:on Earth have been found in Mpumalanga. In the
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929:, the region was the site of notable battles.
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3839:
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1888:is the site of one of South Africa's largest
1633:Mpumalanga districts and local municipalities
3054:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3003:Eybers, G. W. (George von Welfling) (1918).
2846:
2716:
3560:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3074:"Mpumalanga | South African History Online"
2831:
2662:. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012.
55:
4405:States and territories established in 1994
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3535:Government, 2013 © Mpumalanga Provincial.
3058:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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1648:
1637:Mpumalanga Province is divided into three
842:In this era, groups that would become the
541:
3318:"Komati Waterberry (Syzygium komatiense)"
2193:Learn how and when to remove this message
1978:are in proximity to the coal deposits. A
1302:, which is an hour away on the Highveld:
1129:Learn how and when to remove this message
792:from around A.D. 500 found in Mpumalanga
4092:Administrative divisions of South Africa
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1802:
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1403:an aloe threatened by road construction.
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783:
3697:"We have the dirtiest air in the world"
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941:came to power in 1948, their policy of
252:76,495 km (29,535 sq mi)
14:
4387:
4213:List of municipalities in South Africa
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3534:
3473:
3002:
2807:Mpumalanga : history and heritage
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2647:
2468:Dominant home languages in Mpumalanga
978:anti-apartheid consumer potato boycott
127:Location of Mpumalanga in South Africa
4057:
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3407:"Longtom Oneye (Monopsis kowynensis)"
3122:
2810:. University of Kwazulu-Natal Press.
2021:Mpumalanga is popular with tourists.
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1375:, a mammal in the golden mole family.
2827:
2825:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2624:List of heritage sites in Mpumalanga
2131:adding citations to reliable sources
2102:
1653:
1625:List of municipalities in Mpumalanga
1396:plant threatened by mining activity.
1067:adding citations to reliable sources
1038:
4410:1994 establishments in South Africa
3819:Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency
3786:"Census 2011: Province: Mpumalanga"
3684:South Africa Country Analysis Brief
3243:"Enteromius treurensis, Treur barb"
2696:"Statistical Release - Census 2022"
24:
3773:
3500:
2847:Dart, R. A.; Beaumont, P. (1969).
1359:
1246:to the east), as well as all four
1177:habitat. The southern half of the
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25:
4421:
3807:
3578:Mather, Charles (November 2000).
3515:Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature
3293:"Sim's Spotted Aloe (Aloe simii)"
2822:
2786:
2679:from the original on 13 May 2015.
2384:Population density in Mpumalanga
2091:route was formed, trickling from
1618:
1584:Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature
1519:Lowveld National Botanical Garden
1488:Blyde River Canyon Nature Reserve
1145:A view from the mountains of the
1011:
913:). Gold mining around areas like
238:Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature
4085:
3855:
3814:Mpumalanga Provincial Government
2361:
2344:
2329:
2317:
2298:
2286:
2271:
2219:The Ndebele Cultural Village at
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1615:has held the office of premier.
1493:Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park
1298:, which is in the Lowveld, with
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83:
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3357:"Four new species of Amphilius"
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3335:
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3285:
3268:"Protea curvata | PlantZAfrica"
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3150:"First farm to be expropriated"
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2834:"The Archaeology of Mpumalanga"
2614:and 0.69% are Indian or Asian.
2590:, the language of neighbouring
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2118:needs additional citations for
1054:needs additional citations for
861:
3123:Bloom, Kevin (19 March 2022).
2895:
2840:
2761:
2741:
2016:
1582:Mpumalanga is governed by the
13:
1:
2640:
2586:Some 30% of the people speak
1345:range's greenstone belt near
1001:National Union of Mineworkers
674:to the south. The capital is
644:The Place Where the Sun Rises
3651:(URL accessed 30 April 2006)
2832:Esterhuysen, Amanda (2007).
2656:Census 2011: Census in brief
1884:. Located near the forests,
1823:Crops include maize, wheat,
1034:
932:
270:2,331 m (7,648 ft)
7:
3227:Rampartab, Bronner (2016).
2617:
1870:, face intense insecurity.
1807:Farm in Mpumalanga highveld
1448:Yellow Baberton Grass Aloe
972:In 1959, the small town of
805:district, show evidence of
748:was merged with the former
40:Mpumalanga (disambiguation)
10:
4426:
3876:Capital and largest city:
3790:census2011.adrianfrith.com
2575: No language dominant
2264:
2098:
2040:" territory. Towns in the
2011:nitrogen dioxide pollution
1798:
1793:
1622:
1575:
1568:in the northern plateaus.
1441:Inkomati Mountain Catfish
1332:
1269:
1006:first democratic elections
774:
37:
26:
4400:Provinces of South Africa
4313:
4278:
4222:
4207:
4198:
4140:
4098:
3982:
3946:
3905:
3872:
3666:28 September 2011 at the
3026:. Ohio University Press.
1899:
1597:Economic Freedom Fighters
1214:African Cratonic Basement
1018:African National Congress
734:
726:
718:
710:
702:
694:
686:
636:provinces of South Africa
526:
515:
496:
486:
469:
458:
447:
436:
425:
414:
403:
392:
381:
376:
368:
353:
342:
331:
320:
315:
305:
297:
287:
279:
274:
266:
256:
248:
243:
230:
212:
202:
197:
164:
152:
144:
132:
120:
115:(Labour will conquer all)
109:
79:
70:
50:
3744:Mpumalanga Haute Cuisine
3712:, South Africa Explored.
3474:Ernst., Schmidt (2007).
1509:Gonarezhou National Park
1484:Barberton Nature Reserve
866:In 1845, as part of the
316:Population groups (2022)
45:Province in South Africa
3596:10.1111/1467-9663.00128
3511:"About the Legislature"
2983:theheritageportal.co.za
2293:Bourke's Luck Potholes.
2254:, are from Mpumalanga.
1649:District municipalities
1639:district municipalities
1443:(Amphilius engelbrechti
1236:provinces of Mozambique
306: • Rank
3710:"Kruger National Park"
3457:"Private Safari Lodge"
2804:Delius, Peter (2007).
2580:
2461:
2225:Ndebele house painting
2213:
1808:
1634:
1578:Politics of Mpumalanga
1536:Mala Mala Game Reserve
1528:Sabi Sand Game Reserve
1472:
1339:earliest signs of life
1329:
1150:
872:South African Republic
793:
670:to the southwest, and
301:67/km (170/sq mi)
267:Highest elevation
62:
56:
3361:www.planetcatfish.com
3297:iNaturalist Guatemala
2957:Wits University Press
2728:hdi.globaldatalab.org
2467:
2383:
2208:
1859:, poultry and dairy.
1806:
1699:Gert Sibande District
1632:
1609:premier of Mpumalanga
1541:Verloren Vallei near
1501:Limpopo National Park
1470:
1418:Thorncroftia lotterii
1408:(Syzygium komatiense)
1388:Barberton sugarbush (
1381:Enteromius treurensis
1324:
1242:to the northeast and
1144:
990:1976 Soweto Uprisings
909:and Delagoa Bay (now
878:fought wars with the
787:
634:) is one of the nine
428:Southern Ndebele
3436:www.plantzafrica.com
3207:Lets Respond Toolkit
2853:Current Anthropology
2636:rhinoceros sanctuary
2594:, with 26% speaking
2448: 1000–3000 /km²
2279:Kruger National Park
2127:improve this article
2023:Kruger National Park
2001:The high density of
1876:is extensive around
1643:local municipalities
1497:Kruger National Park
1460:Graskop cliff aloe (
1456:Monopsis kowynensis)
1434:Procrica mariepskopa
1425:Acontias albigularis
1420:, a flowering plant.
1369:Robust Golden Mole (
1201:area; these ancient
1179:Kruger National Park
1063:improve this article
986:Sharpeville Massacre
298: • Density
207:Parliamentary system
38:For other uses, see
29:Falcons (rugby team)
3733:on 26 January 1998.
3647:13 May 2006 at the
2959:. 16 September 2014
2773:www.mbombela.gov.za
2456: >3000 /km²
2440: 300–1000 /km²
2003:coal power stations
1601:Democratic Alliance
1399:Sim's Spotted Aloe
1371:Amblysomus robustus
1248:regions of Eswatini
1022:land redistribution
982:Black Consciousness
683:
565: /
450:Southern Sotho
310:3rd in South Africa
292:6th in South Africa
261:8th in South Africa
18:Mpumalanga Province
2756:www.statssa.gov.za
2581:
2462:
2432: 100–300 /km²
2310:Blyde River Canyon
2214:
2212:traditional dress
2031:Blyde River Canyon
2005:on the Mpumalanga
1809:
1661:Ehlanzeni District
1635:
1605:Freedom Front Plus
1572:Law and government
1562:Blyde River Canyon
1532:Idube Safari Lodge
1476:Conservation areas
1473:
1406:Komati Waterberry
1379:Treur River Barb (
1343:Makhonjwa mountain
1330:
1184:Afromontane forest
1151:
900:Alexander Merensky
794:
681:
638:. The name means "
369: • Other
280: • Total
249: • Total
113:Omnia labor vincit
33:Pumas (Currie Cup)
4382:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4309:
4308:
4051:
4050:
3723:"Mpumalanga news"
3485:978-1-77009-375-1
3386:redlist.sanbi.org
3033:978-0-8214-1725-6
3023:Women and slavery
2953:"Forgotten World"
2669:978-0-621-41388-5
2424: 30–100 /km²
2227:. Ndebele artist
2203:
2202:
2195:
2177:
1980:coal liquefaction
1790:
1789:
1747:Nkangala District
1429:a lizard species.
1356:to the province.
1188:Lebombo Mountains
1139:
1138:
1131:
1113:
927:South African War
742:
741:
666:to the west, the
642:", or literally "
549:
548:
288: • Rank
257: • Rank
203: • Type
16:(Redirected from
4417:
4320:
4319:
4205:
4204:
4133:
4123:
4113:
4090:
4089:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4055:
4054:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3848:
3841:
3834:
3825:
3824:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3782:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3752:
3746:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3729:. Archived from
3727:mpumalanga.co.za
3719:
3713:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3699:. November 2018.
3693:
3687:
3677:
3671:
3658:
3652:
3639:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3622:www.safiri.co.za
3614:
3608:
3607:
3575:
3566:
3565:
3559:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3507:
3498:
3497:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3417:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3174:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3103:sahistory.org.za
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3078:sahistory.org.za
3070:
3064:
3063:
3053:
3045:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2932:sahistory.org.za
2924:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2829:
2820:
2819:
2801:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2700:
2692:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2661:
2651:
2574:
2563:
2552:
2541:
2530:
2519:
2508:
2497:
2486:
2475:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2416: 10–30 /km²
2415:
2407:
2399:
2392: <1 /km²
2391:
2365:
2348:
2333:
2321:
2302:
2290:
2275:
2229:Esther Mahalangu
2198:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2135:
2111:
2103:
1932:, copper, iron,
1920:, argentiferous
1654:
1499:(South Africa),
1221:sedimentary rock
1134:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1112:
1071:
1047:
1039:
892:British settlers
807:Middle Stone Age
735:Southern Ndebele
684:
680:
633:
632:
629:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
580:
579:
577:
576:
575:
570:
566:
563:
562:
561:
558:
545:
540:
537:
535:
533:
507:
377:Languages (2022)
125:
99:
87:
65:
59:
48:
47:
21:
4425:
4424:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4374:
4305:
4274:
4218:
4194:
4136:
4131:
4121:
4111:
4094:
4084:
4082:
4052:
4047:
3985:
3978:
3942:
3901:
3868:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3810:
3805:
3804:
3794:
3792:
3784:
3783:
3774:
3764:
3762:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3742:
3738:
3721:
3720:
3716:
3708:
3704:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3678:
3674:
3668:Wayback Machine
3659:
3655:
3649:Wayback Machine
3640:
3636:
3626:
3624:
3616:
3615:
3611:
3576:
3569:
3553:
3552:
3545:
3543:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3509:
3508:
3501:
3486:
3472:
3468:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3440:
3438:
3432:"Aloe nubigena"
3430:
3429:
3425:
3415:
3413:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3390:
3388:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3326:
3324:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3301:
3299:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3276:
3274:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3251:
3249:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3225:
3221:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3186:
3184:
3176:
3175:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3133:
3131:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3047:
3046:
3034:
3018:
3014:
3001:
2997:
2987:
2985:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2962:
2960:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2911:
2909:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2845:
2841:
2830:
2823:
2802:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2732:
2730:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2705:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2684:
2676:
2670:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2620:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2524:
2517:
2513:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2408: 3–10 /km²
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2378:
2371:
2366:
2357:
2349:
2340:
2334:
2325:
2322:
2313:
2306:Three Rondavels
2303:
2294:
2291:
2282:
2276:
2267:
2199:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2136:
2134:
2124:
2112:
2101:
2019:
1916:, vanadiferous
1902:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1651:
1627:
1621:
1580:
1574:
1478:
1454:Longtom oneye (
1438:a moth species.
1390:Protea curvata)
1385:, a river fish.
1362:
1360:Endemic species
1335:
1274:The Lowveld is
1272:
1244:Maputo Province
1135:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1072:
1070:
1060:
1048:
1037:
1014:
935:
884:Sekhukhune Wars
864:
822:Lydenburg Heads
790:Lydenburg Heads
782:
780:Precolonial Era
777:
648:Nguni languages
589:
585:
573:
571:
567:
564:
559:
556:
554:
552:
551:
530:
505:
504:
193:
175:
174:
128:
116:
105:
104:
103:
102:
93:
92:
75:
66:
60:
53:
46:
43:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4423:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4326:
4324:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4208:
4202:
4200:Municipalities
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4124:
4114:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4081:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4058:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4024:
4018:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3990:
3988:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3974:Municipalities
3971:
3966:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3894:
3888:
3881:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3851:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3809:
3808:External links
3806:
3803:
3802:
3772:
3747:
3736:
3714:
3702:
3688:
3672:
3653:
3634:
3609:
3590:(4): 426–436.
3567:
3527:
3499:
3484:
3466:
3448:
3423:
3398:
3373:
3348:
3334:
3309:
3284:
3259:
3234:
3219:
3194:
3166:
3141:
3129:Daily Maverick
3115:
3090:
3065:
3032:
3012:
2995:
2970:
2944:
2919:
2894:
2865:10.1086/201014
2859:(1): 127–128.
2839:
2821:
2785:
2760:
2740:
2715:
2703:statssa.gov.za
2682:
2668:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2631:
2626:
2619:
2616:
2578:
2577:
2571:
2569:
2560:
2558:
2549:
2547:
2538:
2536:
2527:
2525:
2516:
2514:
2505:
2503:
2494:
2492:
2483:
2481:
2472:
2469:
2459:
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2450:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2402:
2400: 1–3 /km²
2396:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2360:
2358:
2353:Pilgrim's Rest
2350:
2343:
2341:
2335:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2316:
2314:
2304:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2248:Rebecca Malope
2201:
2200:
2115:
2113:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2074:Pilgrim's Rest
2018:
2015:
2013:in the world.
1992:synthetic fuel
1976:power stations
1908:group metals,
1901:
1898:
1843:, groundnuts,
1833:sunflower seed
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1735:Pixley ka Seme
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1705:Albert Luthuli
1693:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1667:Bushbruckridge
1652:
1650:
1647:
1623:Main article:
1620:
1619:Municipalities
1617:
1576:Main article:
1573:
1570:
1554:Sekhukhuneland
1546:
1545:
1539:
1525:
1516:
1490:
1485:
1477:
1474:
1465:
1464:
1462:Aloe nubigena)
1458:
1452:
1450:(Aloe craibii)
1446:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1415:
1404:
1397:
1386:
1376:
1361:
1358:
1334:
1331:
1315:climate change
1311:
1310:
1307:
1271:
1268:
1223:of a younger,
1218:Karoo Sequence
1137:
1136:
1051:
1049:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1013:
1012:Post-apartheid
1010:
939:National Party
934:
931:
896:Anglo-Zulu War
863:
860:
781:
778:
776:
773:
740:
739:
736:
732:
731:
728:
724:
723:
722:Botlhabatsatsi
720:
716:
715:
712:
708:
707:
704:
700:
699:
696:
692:
691:
688:
662:to the north,
547:
546:
528:
524:
523:
517:
513:
512:
501:
494:
493:
490:
484:
483:
473:
467:
466:
463:
456:
455:
452:
445:
444:
441:
434:
433:
430:
423:
422:
419:
412:
411:
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401:
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386:
379:
378:
374:
373:
370:
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54:
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44:
9:
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4422:
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4408:
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4401:
4398:
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4390:
4371:
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4365:Northern Cape
4363:
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4348:
4346:
4345:KwaZulu-Natal
4343:
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4325:
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4265:Northern Cape
4263:
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4248:
4246:
4245:KwaZulu-Natal
4243:
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4225:
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4215:
4214:
4210:
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4186:
4185:Northern Cape
4183:
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4178:
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4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:KwaZulu-Natal
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4132:(legislative)
4130:
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3791:
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3779:
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3760:sa-venues.com
3757:
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3461:nottens.co.za
3458:
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3323:
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3298:
3294:
3288:
3273:
3272:pza.sanbi.org
3269:
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3230:
3223:
3208:
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3198:
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3094:
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3016:
3008:
3007:
2999:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2958:
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2948:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2908:
2907:metmuseum.org
2904:
2898:
2890:
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2874:
2870:
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2809:
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2800:
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2774:
2770:
2764:
2757:
2750:
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2719:
2704:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2646:
2635:
2634:Care For Wild
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
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2559:
2556:
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2537:
2534:
2526:
2523:
2515:
2512:
2504:
2501:
2493:
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2479:
2471:
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2466:
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2443:
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2427:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2370:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2347:
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2327:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2296:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2233:Gerard Sekoto
2230:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2207:
2197:
2194:
2186:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2144: –
2143:
2139:
2138:Find sources:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2116:This section
2114:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2089:Haute Cuisine
2085:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2027:Sudwala Caves
2024:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1944:, chrysotile
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1805:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Steve Tshwete
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1631:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1613:Mandla Ndlovu
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1469:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:a species of
1409:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1328:
1325:Proteas near
1323:
1319:
1316:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1288:thunderstorms
1285:
1284:precipitation
1281:
1277:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:Gaza Province
1237:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:Carboniferous
1222:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1207:metamorphosed
1204:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1143:
1133:
1130:
1122:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080: –
1079:
1075:
1074:Find sources:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1052:This section
1050:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1002:
998:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
930:
928:
924:
923:Inboekstelsel
920:
916:
915:Pilgrims Rest
912:
908:
903:
901:
897:
894:in 1879 (see
893:
889:
885:
882:in 1876 (see
881:
877:
873:
869:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
840:
838:
833:
829:
827:
823:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
799:
791:
786:
772:
770:
766:
762:
759:and parts of
758:
754:
751:
747:
737:
733:
730:Vuhuma-dyambu
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
679:
677:
673:
672:KwaZulu-Natal
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
631:
583:
578:
544:
539:
529:
525:
521:
518:
514:
511:
502:
499:
495:
491:
489:
488:ISO 3166 code
485:
481:
477:
474:
472:
468:
464:
462:
459: •
457:
453:
451:
448: •
446:
442:
440:
437: •
435:
431:
429:
426: •
424:
420:
418:
415: •
413:
409:
407:
404: •
402:
398:
396:
393: •
391:
387:
385:
382: •
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
361:
357:
354: •
352:
348:
346:
343: •
341:
337:
335:
332: •
330:
326:
324:
321: •
319:
314:
311:
308:
304:
300:
296:
293:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
269:
265:
262:
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
239:
236:
234:
231: •
229:
225:
221:
220:Mandla Ndlovu
218:
216:
213: •
211:
208:
205:
201:
196:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
169:
167:
163:
160:
157:
155:
151:
148:27 April 1994
147:
143:
140:
137:
135:
131:
124:
119:
114:
108:
98:
91:
86:
78:
74:
69:
64:
58:
49:
41:
34:
30:
19:
4370:Western Cape
4330:Eastern Cape
4301:Transitional
4286:Metropolitan
4270:Western Cape
4230:Eastern Cape
4211:
4190:Western Cape
4174:
4150:Eastern Cape
4126:
4118:Bloemfontein
4116:
4106:
4034:(Mashishing)
3996:(Emalahleni)
3883:Population:
3865:
3793:. Retrieved
3789:
3763:. Retrieved
3759:
3750:
3739:
3731:the original
3726:
3717:
3705:
3691:
3683:
3675:
3656:
3637:
3625:. Retrieved
3621:
3612:
3587:
3583:
3544:. Retrieved
3540:
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3514:
3475:
3469:
3460:
3451:
3439:. Retrieved
3435:
3426:
3414:. Retrieved
3410:
3401:
3389:. Retrieved
3385:
3376:
3364:. Retrieved
3360:
3351:
3337:
3325:. Retrieved
3321:
3312:
3300:. Retrieved
3296:
3287:
3275:. Retrieved
3271:
3262:
3250:. Retrieved
3246:
3237:
3228:
3222:
3210:. Retrieved
3206:
3203:"Mpumalanga"
3197:
3185:. Retrieved
3182:ScienceDaily
3181:
3157:. Retrieved
3153:
3144:
3132:. Retrieved
3128:
3118:
3106:. Retrieved
3102:
3093:
3081:. Retrieved
3077:
3068:
3022:
3015:
3005:
2998:
2988:14 September
2986:. Retrieved
2982:
2973:
2963:14 September
2961:. Retrieved
2956:
2947:
2935:. Retrieved
2931:
2922:
2910:. Retrieved
2906:
2897:
2856:
2852:
2842:
2806:
2776:. Retrieved
2772:
2763:
2755:
2743:
2733:13 September
2731:. Retrieved
2727:
2718:
2706:. Retrieved
2702:
2655:
2649:
2585:
2582:
2376:Demographics
2351:
2337:Lisbon Falls
2336:
2305:
2256:
2252:Pretty Yende
2241:
2235:was born in
2218:
2215:
2189:
2180:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2142:"Mpumalanga"
2137:
2125:Please help
2120:verification
2117:
2086:
2035:
2020:
2000:
1973:
1970:
1903:
1872:
1861:
1822:
1810:
1784:
1758:Dr JS Moroka
1745:
1697:
1659:
1636:
1581:
1547:
1479:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1442:
1432:
1423:
1417:
1407:
1401:(Aloe simii)
1400:
1389:
1380:
1370:
1363:
1351:
1337:Some of the
1336:
1312:
1280:Indian Ocean
1273:
1266:districts).
1233:
1196:
1152:
1125:
1116:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1085:
1078:"Mpumalanga"
1073:
1061:Please help
1056:verification
1053:
1026:
1015:
997:Kinross Mine
994:
971:
936:
907:Johannesburg
904:
890:fought with
865:
862:Colonial era
841:
830:
819:
795:
743:
643:
639:
581:
550:
522:58.2 billion
179:Gert Sibande
139:South Africa
112:
110:Motto:
101:Coat of arms
4323:By province
4315:Settlements
4223:By province
4112:(executive)
4021:Piet Retief
3986:major towns
3959:Legislature
3890:Land area:
3661:"Barberton"
3411:iNaturalist
3322:iNaturalist
3247:fishbase.se
2369:Treur River
2324:Escarpment.
2183:August 2023
2087:In 2008, a
2054:White River
2017:Attractions
1988:Secunda CTL
1890:paper mills
1715:Govan Mbeki
1682:Thaba Chweu
1592:closed list
1276:subtropical
1203:greenstones
1161:called the
1155:Drakensberg
1119:August 2023
788:One of the
714:eMpumalanga
690:iMpumalanga
572: /
534:.mpumalanga
233:Legislature
145:Established
57:iMpumalanga
4395:Mpumalanga
4389:Categories
4360:North West
4355:Mpumalanga
4335:Free State
4260:North West
4255:Mpumalanga
4235:Free State
4180:North West
4175:Mpumalanga
4155:Free State
4122:(judicial)
4027:Standerton
4023:(eMkhondo)
4017:(Mbombela)
4000:Middelburg
3984:Cities and
3969:High Court
3947:Government
3918:Government
3880:(Mbombela)
3866:Mpumalanga
3627:1 February
2641:References
2606:and 11.6%
2600:isiNdebele
2237:Botshabelo
2221:Botshabelo
2153:newspapers
1950:kieselguhr
1942:andalusite
1868:Mozambique
1841:macadamias
1778:Thembisile
1763:Emalahleni
1730:Msukaligwa
1710:Dipaleseng
1588:unicameral
1564:, and the
1558:quartzites
1543:Dullstroom
1505:Mozambique
1412:waterberry
1292:escarpment
1264:Shiselweni
1192:Mozambique
1089:newspapers
1029:Mashishing
955:KwaNdebele
886:) and the
868:Great Trek
837:Maputo Bay
757:KwaNdebele
750:bantustans
738:iPumalanga
706:Mpumalanga
698:Mpumalanga
682:Mpumalanga
668:Free State
656:Mozambique
582:Mpumalanga
275:Population
198:Government
63:iPumalanga
52:Mpumalanga
4142:Provinces
4128:Cape Town
4043:Volksrust
4032:Lydenburg
4015:Nelspruit
3892:76,495 km
3885:3,657,181
3878:Nelspruit
3604:0040-747X
3494:309666362
3050:cite book
3042:811623995
2889:143807212
2873:0011-3204
2816:608393212
2708:22 August
2478:Afrikaans
2259:Afrikaans
2244:Ray Phiri
2078:Lydenburg
2046:Barberton
1982:plant in
1958:magnesite
1954:limestone
1934:manganese
1918:magnetite
1768:Highlands
1566:dolomites
1347:Barberton
1199:Barberton
1173:, mostly
1159:grassland
1147:Barberton
1035:Geography
963:Gazankulu
947:Transvaal
943:apartheid
937:When the
933:Apartheid
919:Barberton
798:ancestors
769:apartheid
765:Gazankulu
746:Transvaal
695:Afrikaans
646:" in the
569:26°S 30°E
471:Time zone
439:Afrikaans
283:5,142,216
189:Ehlanzeni
166:Districts
4296:District
4108:Pretoria
4103:Capitals
3963:Speakers
3923:Politics
3862:Province
3664:Archived
3645:Archived
3556:cite web
2937:11 April
2912:11 April
2674:Archived
2618:See also
2612:Coloured
2608:Xitsonga
2602:, 10.2%
2598:, 10.3%
2592:Eswatini
2093:Mbombela
2070:Malelane
2066:Hazyview
2050:Mbombela
2038:Big Five
2029:and the
2007:highveld
1994:company
1946:asbestos
1940:, coal,
1926:antimony
1914:chromite
1906:platinum
1886:Ngodwana
1874:Forestry
1864:seasonal
1837:soybeans
1813:Highveld
1672:Mbombela
1523:Mbombela
1513:Zimbabwe
1296:Mbombela
1210:granites
1171:Bushveld
1163:Highveld
988:and the
967:policies
951:KaNgwane
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826:Mbombela
815:Eswatini
803:Origstad
753:KaNgwane
727:Xitsonga
719:Setswana
676:Mbombela
652:Eswatini
510:7th of 9
345:Coloured
184:Nkangala
159:Mbombela
73:Province
4350:Limpopo
4340:Gauteng
4250:Limpopo
4240:Gauteng
4170:Limpopo
4160:Gauteng
4038:Secunda
3994:Witbank
3954:Premier
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3933:Climate
3928:Economy
3913:History
3546:14 June
3159:11 June
3134:11 June
2881:2740688
2596:isiZulu
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2500:Ndebele
2489:English
2308:of the
2265:Gallery
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2167:scholar
2099:Culture
2082:Nkomazi
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2042:Lowveld
1984:Secunda
1882:Graskop
1825:sorghum
1817:Lowveld
1799:Farming
1794:Economy
1725:Mkhondo
1687:Umjindi
1677:Nkomazi
1550:norites
1354:endemic
1333:Ecology
1300:Belfast
1270:Climate
1260:Manzini
1252:Lubombo
1229:Permian
1175:savanna
1167:Lowveld
1103:scholar
852:Ndebele
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775:History
664:Gauteng
660:Limpopo
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4010:Bethal
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3906:Topics
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3795:25 May
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3680:"Coal"
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