1903:(EPA) issued a final rule to prohibit the manufacture (including importing and exporting), processing, and distribution of DCM in all paint removers for consumer use, effective in 180 days. However, it does not affect other products containing DCM, including many consumer products not intended for paint removal. On April 20, 2023, the EPA proposed a widespread ban on the production of DCM with some exceptions for military and industrial uses. On April 30, 2024, the EPA finalized a ban on most commercial uses of DCM, which mainly banned its application for stripping paint and degreasing surfaces but allowed for some remaining commercial applications, such as chemical production.
46:
364:
225:
1517:
860:
855:
70:
55:
951:
1207:
1912:
954:
1951:. Dichloromethane has been classified as a very short-lived substance (VSLS). Despite their short atmospheric lifetimes of less than 0.5 year, VSLSs can contribute to stratospheric ozone depletion, particularly if emitted in regions where rapid transport to the stratosphere occurs. Atmospheric abundances of dichloromethane have been increasing in recent years.
956:
955:
2340:
Regnault, V. (1839) "De l'action du chlore sur les éthers hydrochloriques de l'alcool et de l'esprit de bois, et de plusieurs points de la théorie des éthers" (On the action of chlorine on the hydrochloric ethers of ethanol and methanol, and on several points of the theory of ethers),
1895:
warned that at least 14 bathtub refinishers have died since 2000 from DCM exposure. These workers had been working alone, in poorly ventilated bathrooms, with inadequate or no respiratory protection, and no training about the hazards of DCM. OSHA has since then issued a DCM standard.
1331:
with chlorine gas at 400–500 °C. At these temperatures, both methane and chloromethane undergo a series of reactions producing progressively more chlorinated products. In this way, an estimated 400,000 tons were produced in the US, Europe, and Japan in 1993.
6571:
1671:
Although DCM is a common solvent in organic chemistry laboratories and is commonly assumed to be inert, it does react with some amines and triazoles. Tertiary amines can react with DCM to form quaternary chloromethyl chloride salts via the
868:
6471:
5421:
835:
1861:
In many countries, products containing DCM must carry labels warning of its health risks. Concerns about its health effects have led to a search for alternatives in many of its applications.
5503:
2994:
Kobayashi A, Ando A, Tagami N, Kitagawa M, Kawai E, Akioka M, Arai E, Nakatani T, Nakano S, Matsui Y, Matsumura M (2008). "Severe optic neuropathy caused by dichloromethane inhalation".
1676:. Secondary amines can react with DCM to yield an equilibrium of iminium chlorides and chloromethyl chlorides, which can react with a second equivalent of the secondary amine to form
1551:
that have a colored bubbling tube above a lamp as a source of heat and a small amount of rock salt to provide thermal mass and a nucleation site for the phase changing solvent.
1720:
makes it an inhalation hazard. It can also be absorbed through the skin. Symptoms of acute overexposure to dichloromethane via inhalation include difficulty concentrating,
5533:
4222:
3990:
3972:
3392:
3370:
4004:
3981:
3921:
930:
4122:
4113:
4083:
4030:
4021:
3942:
1869:
957:
3748:
3197:
2264:
5548:
5538:
4071:
3809:
3762:
2259:[Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese).
4104:
4092:
4054:
3951:
965:
3445:
1612:
Dichloromethane is widely used as a solvent in part because it is relatively inert. It does participate in reactions with certain strong nucleophiles however.
1600:
It has been used as the principal component of various paint and lacquer strippers, although its use is now restricted in the EU and many such products now use
6893:
4155:
4130:
4062:
5523:
5508:
4167:
4146:
3814:
3767:
3725:
3423:
2238:
2024:
1892:
1105:
5493:
5488:
5483:
3839:
3830:
5528:
3319:
1220:
1173:
96:
Methylene bichloride; Methylene chloride gas; Methylene dichloride; Solmethine; Narkotil; Solaesthin; Di-clo; Refrigerant-30; Freon-30; R-30; DCM; MDC
6823:
6557:
5518:
3564:
3333:
6725:
4377:
4215:
2487:
2350:
979:
1888:
6888:
4231:
2403:"Ueber die Wirkung des Chlors auf den Chlorwasserstoffäther des Alkohols und des Holzgeistes, so wie über mehrere Puncte der Aethertheorie"
413:
2353:(Second part. On the action of chlorine on the hydrochloric ether of methanol ), pages 377–380. Regnault gives dichloromethane the name
1884:
voted in 2009 to ban the use of DCM in paint-strippers for consumers and many professionals, with the ban taking effect in
December 2010.
1470:
DCM's volatility and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds makes it a useful solvent for many chemical processes. In the
6774:
5596:
4253:
4208:
2732:"Reaction of amines with methylene chloride. Evidence for rapid aminal formation from N-methylenepyrrolidinium chloride and pyrrolidine"
1554:
DCM chemically welds certain plastics. For example, it is used to seal the casing of electric meters. Often sold as a main component of
6795:
6481:
6476:
6026:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5740:
5591:
2447:
3334:"Biden-Harris Administration Finalizes Ban on Most Uses of Methylene Chloride, Protecting Workers and Communities from Fatal Exposure"
2377:"Ueber die Einwirkung des Chlors auf die Chlorwasserstoffäther des Alkohols und Holzgeistes und über mehrere Punkte der Aethertheorie"
972:
5951:
5411:
3435:
1572:; specifically it is used during the testing of bituminous materials as a solvent to separate the binder from the aggregate of an
3396:
3189:
3482:
1311:, wetlands, and volcanoes. However, the majority of dichloromethane in the environment is the result of industrial emissions.
784:
3412:
2546:
2040:
757:
1215:
3306:
3146:
Bell BP, Franks P, Hildreth N, Melius J (1991). "Methylene chloride exposure and birthweight in Monroe County, New York".
2256:
1985:
6873:
3274:
2512:
2325:
2252:
17:
3320:"EPA Proposes Ban on All Consumer, Most Industrial and Commercial Uses of Methylene Chloride to Protect Public Health"
6898:
6858:
6819:
6250:
3220:
Recommendation from the
Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for methylene chloride (dichloromethane)
2053:
378:
3190:"Summary of Regulations Controlling Air Emissions from Paint Stripping and Miscellaneous Surface Coating Operations"
1227:
3219:
2607:
Matteson, Donald S.; Majumdar, Debesh (1983). "Homologation of boronic esters to .alpha.-chloro boronic esters".
1900:
1158:
816:
1539:
that can extract mechanical energy from small temperature differences. An example of a DCM heat engine is the
6883:
6868:
5770:
2257:"RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial"
2132:
1944:
2201:
6853:
6815:
3999:
2923:
2357:(monochlorinated hydrochloric ether). Note: Regnault gives the empirical formula for dichloromethane as C
2260:
916:
311:
220:
2295:(2006) "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
6539:
5650:
1873:
1189:
342:
3348:
2730:
Mills, John E.; Maryanoff, Cynthia A.; McComsey, David F.; Stanzione, Robin C.; Scott, Lorraine (1987).
2521:
1826:
has not been proven. In animal experiments, it was fetotoxic at doses that were maternally toxic but no
859:
182:
5660:
3913:
3475:
3390:
2634:
Mills, John E.; Maryanoff, Cynthia A.; Cosgrove, Robin M.; Scott, Lorraine; McComsey, David F. (1984).
2469:
1960:
1133:
1116:
854:
3440:
1931:) at stations around the world. Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in
3227:
1980:
1877:
1764:
232:
5675:
5670:
5665:
6903:
6232:
6228:
5401:
3743:
1713:
1555:
1002:
359:
2075:
3901:
2817:
2675:"Reaction of N , N -Dimethyltryptamine with Dichloromethane Under Common Experimental Conditions"
1737:
1685:
1585:
1494:
1255:
647:
2436:
6878:
6843:
4417:
3963:
3930:
3876:
2635:
1717:
908:
733:
3430:
2536:
2376:
2158:
6863:
6848:
6762:
6440:
4190:
4012:
3884:
3734:
3709:
3468:
1814:. Research is not yet clear as to what levels may be carcinogenic to humans. DCM crosses the
1811:
1749:
1447:
882:
847:
593:
2519:
6544:
5170:
5045:
4046:
4038:
3892:
3800:
3783:
3753:
3717:
3155:
2884:"Fatal Exposure to Methylene Chloride Among Bathtub Refinishers — United States, 2000–2011"
2579:
2502:
1689:
1562:
hobbyists for joining plastic components together. It is commonly referred to as "Di-clo".
1520:
1436:
1420:
1292:
572:
320:
82:
5634:
2142:, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 2014-05-26)
1565:
It is used in the garment printing industry for removal of heat-sealed garment transfers.
202:
8:
6670:
6553:
5680:
5606:
4695:
4537:
4245:
3791:
3598:
3391:
World
Meteorological Organization, United Nations Environmental Program (15 April 2020).
3275:"COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 276/2010 (Official Journal of the European Union, L 86/7)"
2883:
1881:
1673:
108:
3294:
3159:
2583:
363:
224:
162:
142:
118:
6647:
6310:
6208:
5865:
5498:
4870:
4472:
4175:
3868:
3637:
3607:
3096:
3071:
3047:
3030:
2971:
2946:
2707:
2674:
2351:"Seconde partie. De l'action du chlore sur l'éther hydrochlorique de l'esprit de bois"
1975:
1932:
3167:
2833:
45:
6790:
6561:
6504:
6445:
6213:
5785:
4880:
4657:
4652:
4200:
4138:
3646:
3616:
3171:
3101:
3052:
3011:
2976:
2895:
2864:
2860:
2798:
2790:
2751:
2712:
2694:
2655:
2542:
2532:
2508:
2481:
2321:
2110:
2049:
1940:
1803:
1725:
1613:
1594:
1569:
1359:
1320:
6466:
6132:
5619:
5396:
5366:
5298:
5205:
4875:
4755:
4647:
4359:
4349:
3860:
3667:
3202:
3163:
3091:
3083:
3042:
3003:
2966:
2958:
2856:
2829:
2782:
2743:
2731:
2702:
2686:
2647:
2616:
2587:
2414:
2388:
2296:
1970:
1834:
1768:
1516:
1259:
660:
533:
436:
2847:
Rioux JP, Myers RA (1988). "Methylene chloride poisoning: a paradigmatic review".
2300:
6758:
6623:
6607:
6595:
6549:
6500:
6290:
6285:
6099:
5832:
5685:
4487:
4482:
4344:
4277:
3586:
3520:
3123:
2171:
2094:
1948:
1760:
1015:
697:
284:
3446:
Canadian
Environmental Protection Act Priority Substances List Assessment Report
2771:"Reaction of Dichloromethane with Pyridine Derivatives under Ambient Conditions"
2434:
1692:
and related reagents used in peptide coupling react with DCM in the presence of
6770:
6599:
6508:
6375:
6370:
5794:
4682:
4587:
4462:
4427:
4422:
4308:
4273:
3693:
3655:
1865:
1846:
1780:
1776:
1601:
1559:
1475:
1198:
922:
625:
606:
27:"Di-clo" redirects here. For the anti-inflammatory drug trade named Diclo, see
3450:
3419:
3249:
2962:
2651:
2592:
2563:
2020:
1439:
as well as hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. These compounds are separated by
1431:
The output of these processes is a mixture of chloromethane, dichloromethane,
1087:
1059:
1039:
6837:
6766:
6729:
6603:
6529:
6524:
6514:
6450:
6390:
6320:
6165:
6122:
5328:
5293:
5268:
5080:
4940:
4920:
4915:
4905:
4900:
4800:
4690:
4632:
4627:
4612:
4592:
4582:
4562:
4552:
4542:
4507:
4477:
4467:
4412:
4336:
4283:
4268:
3676:
3578:
3537:
3528:
3368:
3346:
2794:
2770:
2755:
2698:
2690:
2659:
2418:
2392:
2154:
1965:
1841:, sometimes without any other symptoms of overexposure. People with existing
1807:
1708:
Serious health risks are associated with DCM, despite being one of the least
1693:
1642:
1638:
1540:
1532:
1498:
1471:
1451:
1351:
1324:
714:
579:
556:
516:
506:
213:
2818:"Studies on the reactions of HOBt, HOOBt, HOSu with dichloroalkane solvents"
2230:
926:
69:
6638:
6380:
6330:
6300:
6245:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6183:
6178:
6107:
5765:
5730:
5725:
5695:
5644:
5571:
5263:
5253:
5025:
5020:
5010:
5005:
4935:
4760:
4750:
4642:
4602:
4567:
4547:
4532:
4517:
4452:
4447:
4432:
4402:
4397:
4382:
4328:
4318:
3546:
3015:
2899:
2802:
2716:
2562:
Machado, Lorenna; Magnusson, Marie; Paul, Nicholas; Tomkins, Nigel (2016).
1838:
1799:
1548:
1502:
1440:
3175:
3105:
3056:
3007:
2980:
2868:
978:
6720:
6715:
6685:
6665:
6420:
6400:
6350:
6173:
6155:
6150:
6140:
6117:
6112:
6079:
6001:
5842:
5809:
5799:
5655:
5639:
5543:
5426:
5343:
5323:
5313:
5283:
5248:
5200:
5190:
5150:
5145:
5120:
5105:
5065:
5055:
4990:
4960:
4910:
4855:
4830:
4810:
4805:
4770:
4667:
4622:
4577:
4557:
4522:
4497:
4392:
4369:
4293:
4263:
3555:
3491:
3371:"Questions and Answers on Ozone-Depleting Solvents and Their Substitutes"
3087:
1939:
Dichloromethane is not classified as an ozone-depleting substance by the
1928:
1795:
1745:
1536:
991:
54:
6785:
2769:
Rudine, Alexander B.; Walter, Michael G.; Wamser, Carl C. (2010-06-18).
2747:
2620:
964:
6753:
6705:
6700:
6618:
6613:
6519:
6490:
6486:
6395:
6360:
6305:
6295:
6255:
6188:
6016:
5981:
5946:
5941:
5895:
5885:
5814:
5775:
5735:
5720:
5700:
5690:
5629:
5624:
5614:
5581:
5563:
5459:
5406:
5371:
5318:
5308:
5278:
5273:
5210:
5185:
5140:
5115:
5095:
5075:
5070:
5060:
5040:
4995:
4985:
4970:
4930:
4925:
4895:
4850:
4845:
4825:
4815:
4795:
4790:
4780:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4672:
4527:
4442:
4437:
4323:
4313:
4288:
3775:
3701:
1827:
1787:
1432:
1400:
1308:
1280:
971:
583:
550:
488:
461:
233:
193:
28:
2786:
1833:
In people with pre-existing heart problems, exposure to DCM can cause
1123:
25 ppm over 8 hours (time-weighted average), 125 ppm over 15 minutes (
6743:
6695:
6690:
6675:
6633:
6628:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6534:
6430:
6415:
6355:
6340:
6325:
6145:
6056:
6011:
5976:
5966:
5936:
5931:
5916:
5890:
5852:
5847:
5824:
5819:
5804:
5710:
5705:
5586:
5464:
5454:
5446:
5381:
5358:
5338:
5333:
5303:
5288:
5258:
5240:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5195:
5180:
5175:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5125:
5100:
5050:
5035:
5030:
5015:
5000:
4980:
4975:
4965:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4865:
4860:
4835:
4765:
4745:
4715:
4637:
4572:
4502:
4492:
4457:
4354:
4258:
3822:
3455:
2045:
1823:
1772:
1721:
1543:. The toy works at room temperature. It is also used as the fluid in
1524:
1490:
679:
331:
2947:"Carbon monoxide poisoning secondary to inhaling methylene chloride"
2402:
1197:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
6800:
6733:
6710:
6659:
6655:
6651:
6591:
6565:
6425:
6385:
6365:
6345:
6335:
6275:
6270:
6084:
6046:
5996:
5961:
5926:
5921:
5905:
5900:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5857:
5745:
5553:
5430:
5416:
5391:
5386:
5376:
5348:
5135:
5130:
5110:
5090:
5085:
4885:
4840:
4820:
4785:
4775:
4662:
4617:
4607:
4512:
4407:
4387:
4303:
3847:
2435:
Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (September 2000).
1815:
1733:
1681:
1459:
1455:
1344:
1288:
1272:
1266:
937:
259:
3417:
2018:
1775:. Prolonged skin contact can result in DCM dissolving some of the
141:
6747:
6737:
6496:
6435:
6410:
6405:
6280:
6260:
6240:
6061:
6051:
6036:
6021:
6006:
5991:
5986:
5971:
5956:
5837:
5576:
5436:
4890:
4597:
4298:
3507:
3499:
2098:
1577:
1573:
1544:
1337:
1328:
1296:
1284:
568:
564:
560:
496:
271:
3201:. US Environmental Protection Agency. April 2008. Archived from
2636:"The Reaction of Amines with Methylene Chloride. A Brief Review"
6680:
6643:
6265:
6218:
6089:
6071:
6031:
5715:
5513:
3460:
2729:
2369:
because during that era, chemists used incorrect atomic masses.
1791:
1729:
1697:
1677:
1590:
1478:
1263:
1067:
900:
173:
3369:
3031:"Chemically induced hepatitis after inhaling organic solvents"
2172:"Real time measurement of dichloromethane containing mixtures"
1923:
measured by the
Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (
1688:, react with DCM to form methylene bispyridinium dichlorides.
996:
None, but can form flammable vapor-air mixtures above ≈100 °C
896:
6041:
2816:
Ji, Jian-guo; Zhang, De-yi; Ye, Yun-hua; Xing, Qi-yi (1998).
2235:
Immediately
Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
2135:
in
Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.);
1876:
for DCM of 100 ppm (8-hour time-weighted average) and a
1842:
1819:
1709:
295:
153:
131:
3347:
1911:
1307:
Natural sources of dichloromethane include oceanic sources,
347:
5474:
3309:. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. osha.gov
2993:
2633:
2561:
1850:
1753:
1505:
1486:
1146:
1124:
1073:
892:
482:
250:
2467:
2137:
1870:
Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limit Values
1853:
problems may worsen after exposure to methylene chloride.
3431:
National Pollutant Inventory – Dichloromethane Fact Sheet
1741:
1482:
904:
3145:
1924:
2926:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
4230:
805:-454.0 kJ/mol (from standard enthalpies of formation)
3424:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2239:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2025:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1893:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1446:
DCM was first prepared in 1839 by the French chemist
2944:
2202:"Methylene Chloride Hazards for Bathtub Refinishers"
888:
2564:"Identification of bioactives from the red seaweed
2444:
Public Health Goals for Chemicals in Drinking Water
1806:in laboratory animals. Other animal studies showed
1523:of dichloromethane showing complicated overlapping
2768:
2315:
6783:Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators:
2640:Organic Preparations and Procedures International
2507:. Vol. 2. Hyperion Books. pp. 175–178.
6835:
3393:"Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018"
3028:
2606:
2568:that promote antimethanogenic activity in vitro"
283:
3441:IARC Summaries & Evaluations Vol. 71 (1999)
3288:
1822:toxicity in women who are exposed to it during
1767:. Acute exposure by inhalation has resulted in
1450:(1810–1878), who isolated it from a mixture of
953:
117:
3436:Dichloromethane at National Toxicology Program
3124:"Toxicological Profile for Methylene Chloride"
2673:Dunlap, Lee E.; Olson, David E. (2018-05-31).
6894:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
4216:
3476:
3456:Sustainable uses and Industry recommendations
2815:
2531:
1889:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1568:DCM is used in the material testing field of
525:39.75 °C (103.55 °F; 312.90 K)
511:−96.7 °C (−142.1 °F; 176.5 K)
3300:
3069:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2140:, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69
1880:of 200 ppm for a 15-minute period. The
1736:, numbness, weakness, and irritation of the
4232:
2672:
2486:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2318:Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
1593:for cattle, has been found to reduce their
521:39.6 °C (103.3 °F; 312.8 K)
4223:
4209:
3483:
3469:
2846:
2448:California Environmental Protection Agency
2311:
2309:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2281:
1493:. Its volatility has led to its use as an
362:
223:
201:
3117:
3115:
3095:
3046:
2970:
2906:
2706:
2591:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
1779:in skin, resulting in skin irritation or
1279:. This colorless, volatile liquid with a
319:
3418:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
2500:
2494:
2400:
2374:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2062:
2019:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
1947:does not regulate dichloromethane as an
1910:
1906:
1515:
1010:556 °C (1,033 °F; 829 K)
3413:International Chemical Safety Card 0058
2945:Fagin J, Bradley J, Williams D (1980).
2468:James2014-04-09T00:00:00+01:00, Emily.
2306:
2278:
2225:
2223:
2150:
2148:
1744:. More severe consequences can include
1641:reacts with methylene chloride to give
1580:to allow the testing of the materials.
358:
14:
6836:
3112:
3029:Cordes DH, Brown WD, Quinn KM (1988).
2251:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2103:
2081:
2037:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1283:-like, sweet odor is widely used as a
214:
4204:
3464:
3250:"EU Banning Most DCM Paint Strippers"
3242:
2189:
2041:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
1607:
1535:allows the chemical to function in a
390:Key: YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
181:
161:
6824:GABA metabolism/transport modulators
2921:
2220:
2145:
6889:Halogen-containing natural products
6441:Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
2922:Hall, Ronald M. (4 February 2013).
2881:
2117:
1997:
1986:Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules
1511:
400:Key: YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYAG
274:
258:
24:
5504:11-Methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain
3121:
2349: : 353–431; see especially:
2031:
1485:as well as to prepare extracts of
949:
53:
44:
25:
6915:
6251:Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
3406:
2355:éther hydrochlorique monochloruré
2044:(92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL:
1558:, it is also used extensively by
1295:, and miscible with many organic
3490:
2924:"Dangers of Bathtub Refinishing"
2775:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
2736:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
2381:Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie
2206:OSHA-NIOSH Hazard Alert 2013-110
2177:. Health & Safety Laboratory
2038:Haynes, William M., ed. (2011).
1205:
858:
853:
451:
445:
68:
6671:Menthyl isovalerate (validolum)
3384:
3362:
3340:
3326:
3312:
3267:
3212:
3182:
3139:
3063:
3022:
2987:
2938:
2875:
2840:
2809:
2762:
2723:
2666:
2627:
2600:
2555:
2525:
2461:
2428:
2334:
2267:from the original on 2023-08-03
2245:
1901:Environmental Protection Agency
1201:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1094:5000 ppm (guinea pig, 2 h)
5620:Allopregnanolone (brexanolone)
2164:
1167:
817:Occupational safety and health
442:
13:
1:
6816:Receptor/signaling modulators
5372:Ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin)
3168:10.1016/S0013-9351(05)80138-0
3070:Wells GG, Waldron HA (1984).
2834:10.1016/S0040-4039(98)01406-3
2407:Journal für Praktische Chemie
2343:Annales de chimie et physique
2301:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2
2076:Properties of Dichloromethane
1991:
1856:
1680:. At increased temperatures,
1527:of mid IR absorption features
1314:
1302:
1110:(US health exposure limits):
1096:10,000 ppm (rabbit, 7 h)
6566:ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine)
5651:anabolic-androgenic steroids
4433:Butabarbital/Secbutabarbital
4238:receptor positive modulators
3349:"Ozone-Depleting Substances"
2861:10.1016/0736-4679(88)90330-7
2572:Journal of Applied Phycology
1531:The chemical compound's low
1098:12,295 ppm (cat, 4.5 h)
7:
5206:Triflunordazepam (Ro5-2904)
2316:Gribble, Gordon W. (2009).
1954:
1927:) in the lower atmosphere (
1874:occupational exposure limit
1790:, as it has been linked to
1759:DCM is also metabolized to
1703:
1583:Dichloromethane extract of
1521:Near IR absorption spectrum
1291:with water, it is slightly
1190:Dichloromethane (data page)
1100:14,108 ppm (dog, 7 h)
1028:or concentration (LD, LC):
387:InChI=1S/CH2Cl2/c2-1-3/h1H2
40:
10:
6920:
5534:5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroyangonin
3451:Organic Compounds Database
3072:"Methylene chloride burns"
2538:The Shell Bitumen Handbook
2161:. Retrieved on 2014-05-26.
1961:Deuterated dichloromethane
1899:On March 15, 2019, the US
1072:14,400 ppm (mouse, 7
397:InChI=1/CH2Cl2/c2-1-3/h1H2
26:
6874:IARC Group 2A carcinogens
6809:
6459:
6227:
6164:
6131:
6098:
6070:
5784:
5726:Pregnanolone (eltanolone)
5605:
5562:
5473:
5445:
5357:
5239:
4681:
4368:
4269:Chlorobutanol (cloretone)
4244:
4187:
3859:
3692:
3577:
3519:
3498:
3228:European Chemicals Agency
2996:J Ocul Pharmacol and Ther
2963:10.1136/bmj.281.6253.1461
2652:10.1080/00304948409356172
2593:10.1007/s10811-016-0830-7
2504:Physics for Entertainment
2501:Perelman, Yakov (1972) .
2371:Reprinted in German in:
1981:List of organic compounds
1887:In February 2013, the US
1878:short-term exposure limit
1765:carbon monoxide poisoning
1556:plastic welding adhesives
1458:that had been exposed to
1195:
1188:
1183:
1104:
1066:24,929 ppm (rat, 30
1024:
834:
814:
809:
707:
690:
523:decomposes at 720 °C
429:
409:
374:
101:
93:
81:
76:
67:
39:
6899:Sweet-smelling chemicals
6859:Hazardous air pollutants
6820:GABA receptor modulators
6730:sulfonmethane (sulfonal)
2691:10.1021/acsomega.8b00507
2419:10.1002/prac.18400190134
2393:10.1002/jlac.18400330306
2263:(published 2023-04-04).
1604:as a safer alternative.
1495:aerosol spray propellant
1184:Supplementary data page
917:Precautionary statements
3198:NESHAP (Subpart HHHHHH)
2566:Asparagopsis taxiformis
2261:Diário Oficial da União
1763:potentially leading to
1738:upper respiratory tract
1586:Asparagopsis taxiformis
1465:
1256:organochlorine compound
1048:2 g/kg (rabbits, oral)
648:Magnetic susceptibility
6706:Retigabine (ezogabine)
5982:Lirequinil (Ro41-3696)
5549:7,8-Dihydromethysticin
5539:5,6-Dehydromethysticin
4418:Benzylbutylbarbiturate
2138:NIST Chemistry WebBook
2111:"Dichloromethane_msds"
1936:
1872:(SCOEL) recommends an
1835:abnormal heart rhythms
1528:
1046:1.25 g/kg (rats, oral)
960:
58:
49:
3399:on December 18, 2023.
3008:10.1089/jop.2007.0100
2401:Regnault, V. (1840).
2375:Regnault, V. (1840).
1914:
1907:Environmental effects
1812:salivary gland cancer
1750:loss of consciousness
1547:displays and holiday
1519:
1448:Henri Victor Regnault
1287:. Although it is not
959:
57:
48:
6884:Testicular toxicants
6869:Halogenated solvents
6761:constituents (e.g.,
6545:Deuterated etifoxine
5607:Neuroactive steroids
5577:Apronal (apronalide)
5429:constituents (e.g.,
5046:N-Desalkylflurazepam
3088:10.1136/oem.41.3.420
2231:"methylene chloride"
1690:Hydroxybenzotriazole
1662:Li → CHCl + CH
1437:carbon tetrachloride
1252:methylene bichloride
1176:(Psychoactive drugs)
1060:median concentration
942:(fire diamond)
501:1.3266 g/cm (20 °C)
83:Preferred IUPAC name
6854:Aerosol propellants
6554:dihydroergocryptine
5866:Pyrazolopyrimidines
5524:5,6-Dihydroyangonin
5509:7,8-Dihydroyangonin
4696:3-Hydroxyphenazepam
4538:Methylphenobarbital
3297:, February 1, 2013;
3231:(Report). June 2009
3160:1991ER.....55...31B
2822:Tetrahedron Letters
2748:10.1021/jo00385a038
2621:10.1021/om50005a008
2584:2016JAPco..28.3117M
1882:European Parliament
1830:effects were seen.
1674:Menshutkin reaction
1319:DCM is produced by
611:0.13 kPa (−70.5 °C)
534:Solubility in water
469: g·mol
36:
6648:4-O-methylhonokiol
6311:Dichloralphenazone
6209:Methylmethaqualone
5786:Nonbenzodiazepines
5499:Desmethoxyyangonin
5494:11-Hydroxyyangonin
5489:11-Methoxyyangonin
5484:10-Methoxyyangonin
4871:Ethyl carfluzepate
4473:Cyclopentobarbital
3307:Methylene Chloride
2541:. Thomas Telford.
2133:Methylene chloride
1976:Tetrachloromethane
1937:
1933:parts-per-trillion
1714:chlorohydrocarbons
1616:deprotonates DCM:
1608:Chemical reactions
1529:
1248:methylene chloride
1228:Infobox references
1149:(Immediate danger)
961:
619:79.99 kPa (35 °C)
59:
50:
34:
18:Methylene chloride
6831:
6830:
6791:MRK-409 (MK-0343)
6562:dihydroergotamine
6505:potassium bromide
6499:compounds (e.g.,
6446:Trichloroethylene
6214:Nitromethaqualone
6133:Pyrazolopyridines
5635:3α-Androstanediol
5529:7,8-Dihydrokavain
4881:Ethyl loflazepate
4658:Thiotetrabarbital
4274:Ethanol (alcohol)
4198:
4197:
2828:(36): 6515–6516.
2787:10.1021/jo100276m
2781:(12): 4292–4295.
2615:(11): 1529–1535.
2548:978-0-7277-3220-0
2470:"Dichloromethane"
2437:"Dichloromethane"
2155:Sigma-Aldrich Co.
2048:. p. 3.164.
1941:Montreal Protocol
1629:+ RLi → HCCl
1614:Tert-butyllithium
1595:methane emissions
1570:civil engineering
1236:Chemical compound
1234:
1233:
1171:
883:Hazard statements
686:0.413 cP (25 °C)
477:Colorless liquid
343:CompTox Dashboard
143:Interactive image
63:
62:
16:(Redirected from
6911:
6550:Dihydroergolines
6467:3-Hydroxybutanal
6100:Piperidinediones
5833:Imidazopyridines
5367:6-Methylapigenin
5299:Hydroxyphenamate
5171:SH-053-R-CH3-2′F
4876:Ethyl dirazepate
4756:Chlordiazepoxide
4648:Thiobutabarbital
4360:Trifluoroethanol
4350:Trichloroethanol
4340:-Pentanol (2M2B)
4234:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4202:
4201:
3861:Tetrasubstituted
3485:
3478:
3471:
3462:
3461:
3427:
3401:
3400:
3395:. Archived from
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3298:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3254:PaintSquare News
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3224:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3194:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3119:
3110:
3109:
3099:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3050:
3026:
3020:
3019:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2974:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2919:
2904:
2903:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2742:(9): 1857–1859.
2727:
2721:
2720:
2710:
2685:(5): 4968–4973.
2670:
2664:
2663:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2578:(5): 3117–3126.
2559:
2553:
2552:
2529:
2523:
2518:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2485:
2477:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2441:
2432:
2426:
2422:
2396:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2313:
2304:
2289:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2227:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2208:. OSHA and NIOSH
2198:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2176:
2168:
2162:
2152:
2143:
2130:
2115:
2114:
2107:
2101:
2092:
2079:
2073:
2060:
2059:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2016:
1971:Trichloromethane
1769:optic neuropathy
1667:
1634:
1512:Specialized uses
1474:, it is used to
1427:
1407:
1383:
1362:
1278:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1169:
1166:
1088:lowest published
1016:Explosive limits
981:
974:
967:
952:
932:
928:
924:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
862:
857:
801:
774:
751:174.5 J/(mol·K)
747:
727:102.3 J/(mol·K)
723:
708:Thermochemistry
661:Refractive index
654:−46.6·10 cm/mol
617:57.3 kPa (25 °C)
545:5.2 g/L (60 °C)
543:15.8 g/L (30 °C)
541:17.5 g/L (25 °C)
539:25.6 g/L (15 °C)
468:
453:
447:
444:
437:Chemical formula
367:
366:
351:
349:
323:
287:
276:
262:
235:
227:
216:
205:
185:
165:
145:
121:
72:
41:
37:
35:Dichloromethane
33:
21:
6919:
6918:
6914:
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6908:
6904:Ozone depletion
6834:
6833:
6832:
6827:
6805:
6763:isovaleric acid
6726:Sulfonylalkanes
6624:Hopantenic acid
6608:tolfenamic acid
6596:flufenamic acid
6558:dihydroergosine
6501:lithium bromide
6460:Others/unsorted
6455:
6316:Dichloromethane
6291:Chloral hydrate
6286:Chloral betaine
6223:
6160:
6127:
6094:
6066:
5795:Cyclopyrrolones
5780:
5686:Etiocholanolone
5601:
5558:
5519:5-Hydroxykavain
5469:
5441:
5353:
5235:
4683:Benzodiazepines
4677:
4488:Ethallobarbital
4483:Enallylpropymal
4364:
4345:Tribromoethanol
4332:-Butanol (2M2P)
4278:alcoholic drink
4240:
4237:
4229:
4199:
4194:
4183:
4179:
4171:
4163:
4159:
4150:
4142:
4134:
4126:
4117:
4108:
4100:
4096:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4066:
4058:
4050:
4042:
4034:
4025:
4016:
4008:
3994:
3985:
3976:
3967:
3959:
3955:
3946:
3938:
3934:
3925:
3917:
3909:
3905:
3896:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3855:
3851:
3843:
3834:
3826:
3818:
3804:
3795:
3787:
3779:
3771:
3757:
3738:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3705:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3650:
3641:
3633:
3629:
3620:
3611:
3602:
3594:
3590:
3573:
3568:
3559:
3550:
3541:
3532:
3521:Monosubstituted
3515:
3511:
3494:
3489:
3409:
3404:
3389:
3385:
3375:
3373:
3367:
3363:
3353:
3351:
3345:
3341:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3305:
3301:
3295:OSHA QuickTakes
3293:
3289:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3259:
3257:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3234:
3232:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3205:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3144:
3140:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3120:
3113:
3068:
3064:
3027:
3023:
2992:
2988:
2943:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2920:
2907:
2880:
2876:
2845:
2841:
2814:
2810:
2767:
2763:
2728:
2724:
2671:
2667:
2632:
2628:
2609:Organometallics
2605:
2601:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2530:
2526:
2515:
2499:
2495:
2479:
2478:
2474:Chemistry World
2466:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2439:
2433:
2429:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2314:
2307:
2290:
2279:
2270:
2268:
2250:
2246:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2159:Dichloromethane
2153:
2146:
2131:
2118:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2093:
2082:
2074:
2063:
2056:
2036:
2032:
2017:
1998:
1994:
1957:
1922:
1918:
1909:
1891:(OSHA) and the
1859:
1761:carbon monoxide
1706:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1514:
1468:
1424:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1336:
1317:
1305:
1277:
1271:
1262:
1240:Dichloromethane
1237:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1223: ?)
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1179:
1150:
1137:
1120:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1071:
1063:
1057:
1047:
1043:
1037:
1007:
1004:
986:
985:
984:
983:
976:
969:
962:
958:
950:
919:
885:
871:
850:
827:
802:
799:
793:
789:
786:
785:Std enthalpy of
775:
772:
766:
762:
759:
758:Std enthalpy of
748:
745:
738:
735:
724:
717:
700:
685:
684:0.43 cP (20 °C)
674:1.4244 (20 °C)
671:
669:
651:
641:3.25 L·atm/mol
638:
636:
627:
618:
616:
615:19.3 kPa (0 °C)
614:
612:
587:
576:
544:
542:
540:
536:
526:
524:
522:
466:
456:
450:
439:
425:
422:
417:
416:
405:
402:
401:
398:
392:
391:
388:
382:
381:
370:
352:
345:
326:
306:
290:
277:
265:
245:
208:
188:
168:
148:
135:
124:
111:
97:
89:
88:
87:Dichloromethane
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6917:
6907:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6829:
6828:
6810:
6807:
6806:
6804:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6779:
6778:
6771:valerenic acid
6756:
6751:
6741:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6600:mefenamic acid
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6509:sodium bromide
6494:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6463:
6461:
6457:
6456:
6454:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6376:Methoxypropane
6373:
6371:Methoxyflurane
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6331:Ethyl chloride
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6237:
6235:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6170:
6168:
6166:Quinazolinones
6162:
6161:
6159:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6104:
6102:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6076:
6074:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5909:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5861:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5790:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5611:
5609:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5568:
5566:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5480:
5478:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5451:
5449:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5363:
5361:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5245:
5243:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4687:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4676:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4588:Propylbarbital
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4463:Crotylbarbital
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4428:Brophebarbital
4425:
4423:Brallobarbital
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4374:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4334:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4309:Methylpentynol
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4250:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4235:
4228:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4205:
4196:
4195:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4153:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4023:
4019:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3988:
3983:
3979:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3865:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3732:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3694:Trisubstituted
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3648:
3644:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3618:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3562:
3557:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3504:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3488:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3415:
3408:
3407:External links
3405:
3403:
3402:
3383:
3361:
3339:
3325:
3311:
3299:
3287:
3266:
3241:
3211:
3208:on 2016-11-23.
3181:
3138:
3111:
3062:
3041:(4): 458–460.
3021:
3002:(6): 607–612.
2986:
2957:(6253): 1461.
2937:
2905:
2894:(7): 119–122.
2874:
2855:(3): 227–238.
2839:
2808:
2761:
2722:
2665:
2626:
2599:
2554:
2547:
2535:(2003-09-25).
2524:
2514:978-1401309213
2513:
2493:
2460:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2398:
2387:(3): 310–334.
2366:
2362:
2358:
2333:
2327:978-3211993248
2326:
2305:
2277:
2255:(2023-03-31).
2244:
2219:
2188:
2163:
2144:
2116:
2102:
2080:
2078:. chemister.ru
2061:
2054:
2030:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1956:
1953:
1949:ozone depleter
1920:
1916:
1908:
1905:
1866:European Union
1858:
1855:
1847:nervous system
1781:chemical burns
1705:
1702:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1609:
1606:
1602:benzyl alcohol
1560:model building
1513:
1510:
1467:
1464:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1316:
1313:
1304:
1301:
1275:
1269:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1204:
1203:
1199:standard state
1196:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1102:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1064:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1001:
998:
997:
994:
988:
987:
977:
970:
963:
948:
947:
946:
945:
943:
934:
933:
931:P305+P351+P338
920:
915:
912:
911:
886:
881:
878:
877:
872:
867:
864:
863:
851:
846:
843:
842:
832:
831:
828:
825:
822:
821:
812:
811:
807:
806:
803:
797:
791:
783:
780:
779:
778:−124.3 kJ/mol
776:
770:
764:
756:
753:
752:
749:
743:
732:
729:
728:
725:
713:
710:
709:
705:
704:
701:
696:
693:
692:
688:
687:
682:
676:
675:
672:
667:
659:
656:
655:
652:
646:
643:
642:
639:
634:
624:
621:
620:
613:2 kPa (−40 °C)
609:
607:Vapor pressure
603:
602:
599:
590:
589:
585:
574:
553:
547:
546:
537:
532:
529:
528:
519:
513:
512:
509:
503:
502:
499:
493:
492:
485:
479:
478:
475:
471:
470:
464:
458:
457:
454:
448:
440:
435:
432:
431:
427:
426:
424:
423:
420:
412:
411:
410:
407:
406:
404:
403:
399:
396:
395:
393:
389:
386:
385:
377:
376:
375:
372:
371:
369:
368:
355:
353:
341:
338:
337:
334:
328:
327:
325:
324:
316:
314:
308:
307:
305:
304:
300:
298:
292:
291:
289:
288:
280:
278:
270:
267:
266:
264:
263:
255:
253:
247:
246:
244:
243:
239:
237:
229:
228:
218:
210:
209:
207:
206:
198:
196:
190:
189:
187:
186:
178:
176:
170:
169:
167:
166:
158:
156:
150:
149:
147:
146:
138:
136:
129:
126:
125:
123:
122:
114:
112:
107:
104:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
86:
85:
79:
78:
74:
73:
65:
64:
61:
60:
51:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6916:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6879:Fetotoxicants
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6844:Chloroalkanes
6842:
6841:
6839:
6826:
6825:
6821:
6817:
6814:
6808:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6781:
6780:
6776:
6772:
6768:
6767:isovaleramide
6764:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6749:
6745:
6742:
6739:
6735:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6609:
6605:
6604:niflumic acid
6601:
6597:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6567:
6563:
6559:
6555:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6530:Clomethiazole
6528:
6526:
6525:Chlormezanone
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6515:Carbamazepine
6513:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6498:
6495:
6492:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6464:
6462:
6458:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6391:Nitrous oxide
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6321:Diethyl ether
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6167:
6163:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6124:
6123:Pyrithyldione
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6105:
6103:
6101:
6097:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6073:
6069:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5868:
5867:
5863:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5835:
5834:
5830:
5829:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5791:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5561:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5472:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5329:Phenprobamate
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5294:Hexapropymate
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5269:Difebarbamate
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5081:Nortetrazepam
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4941:Flutoprazepam
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4921:Flunitrazolam
4919:
4917:
4916:Flunitrazepam
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4906:Flubromazolam
4904:
4902:
4901:Flubromazepam
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4801:Cloniprazepam
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4691:2-Oxoquazepam
4689:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4680:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4633:Thialbarbital
4631:
4629:
4628:Tetrabarbital
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4613:Spirobarbital
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4593:Proxibarbital
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4583:Propallylonal
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4563:Phenobarbital
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4553:Pentobarbital
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4543:Narcobarbital
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4508:Heptobarbital
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4478:Difebarbamate
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4468:Cyclobarbital
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4413:Benzobarbital
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4284:Ethchlorvynol
4282:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4226:
4221:
4219:
4214:
4212:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4166:
4164:
4154:
4152:
4145:
4143:
4137:
4135:
4129:
4127:
4121:
4119:
4112:
4110:
4103:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4082:
4080:
4070:
4068:
4061:
4059:
4053:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4020:
4018:
4011:
4009:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3989:
3987:
3980:
3978:
3971:
3969:
3962:
3960:
3950:
3948:
3941:
3939:
3929:
3927:
3920:
3918:
3912:
3910:
3900:
3898:
3891:
3889:
3883:
3881:
3875:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3829:
3827:
3821:
3819:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3799:
3797:
3790:
3788:
3782:
3780:
3774:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3733:
3731:
3724:
3722:
3716:
3714:
3708:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3675:
3673:
3666:
3664:
3654:
3652:
3645:
3643:
3636:
3634:
3624:
3622:
3615:
3613:
3606:
3604:
3597:
3595:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3579:Disubstituted
3576:
3570:
3563:
3561:
3554:
3552:
3545:
3543:
3536:
3534:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3500:Unsubstituted
3497:
3493:
3486:
3481:
3479:
3474:
3472:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3398:
3394:
3387:
3372:
3365:
3350:
3343:
3336:. 2024-04-30.
3335:
3329:
3322:. 2023-04-20.
3321:
3315:
3308:
3303:
3296:
3291:
3276:
3270:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3230:
3229:
3221:
3215:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3191:
3185:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3125:
3118:
3116:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3066:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3025:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2990:
2982:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2925:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2765:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2646:(2): 97–114.
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2594:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2558:
2550:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2533:Shell Bitumen
2528:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2497:
2489:
2483:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2449:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2372:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2337:
2329:
2323:
2319:
2312:
2310:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2291:Rossberg, M.
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2224:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2173:
2167:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2149:
2141:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2057:
2055:1-4398-5511-0
2051:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:Chloromethane
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1945:Clean Air Act
1942:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1913:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1839:heart attacks
1836:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1808:breast cancer
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1777:fatty tissues
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1756:, and death.
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1694:triethylamine
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:chlorocarbene
1640:
1639:Methyllithium
1619:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1550:
1549:bubble lights
1546:
1542:
1541:drinking bird
1538:
1534:
1533:boiling point
1526:
1522:
1518:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1499:blowing agent
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:food industry
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1452:chloromethane
1449:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1425:
1409:
1405:
1385:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1325:chloromethane
1322:
1312:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1229:
1222:
1217:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1175:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1136:(Recommended)
1135:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:(Permissible)
1118:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1000:
999:
995:
993:
990:
989:
982:
975:
968:
944:
941:
940:
936:
935:
921:
918:
914:
913:
887:
884:
880:
879:
876:
873:
870:
866:
865:
861:
856:
852:
849:
845:
844:
840:
838:
833:
829:
824:
823:
819:
818:
813:
808:
804:
796:
788:
782:
781:
777:
769:
761:
755:
754:
750:
742:
737:
731:
730:
726:
721:
716:
715:Heat capacity
712:
711:
706:
702:
699:
698:Dipole moment
695:
694:
689:
683:
681:
678:
677:
673:
666:
662:
658:
657:
653:
649:
645:
644:
640:
633:
629:
623:
622:
610:
608:
605:
604:
600:
598:
597:
592:
591:
588:
581:
580:diethyl ether
577:
570:
566:
562:
558:
557:ethyl acetate
554:
552:
549:
548:
538:
535:
531:
530:
520:
518:
517:Boiling point
515:
514:
510:
508:
507:Melting point
505:
504:
500:
498:
495:
494:
490:
486:
484:
481:
480:
476:
473:
472:
465:
463:
460:
459:
441:
438:
434:
433:
428:
419:
418:
415:
408:
394:
384:
383:
380:
373:
365:
361:
360:DTXSID0020868
357:
356:
354:
344:
340:
339:
335:
333:
330:
329:
322:
318:
317:
315:
313:
310:
309:
302:
301:
299:
297:
294:
293:
286:
282:
281:
279:
273:
269:
268:
261:
257:
256:
254:
252:
249:
248:
241:
240:
238:
236:
231:
230:
226:
222:
219:
217:
215:ECHA InfoCard
212:
211:
204:
200:
199:
197:
195:
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
177:
175:
172:
171:
164:
160:
159:
157:
155:
152:
151:
144:
140:
139:
137:
133:
128:
127:
120:
116:
115:
113:
110:
106:
105:
100:
92:
84:
80:
75:
71:
66:
56:
52:
47:
43:
42:
38:
30:
19:
6864:Refrigerants
6849:Halomethanes
6812:
6811:
6782:
6639:Lavender oil
6381:Nitric oxide
6315:
6301:Cryofluorane
6246:Acetophenone
6204:Methaqualone
6199:Mecloqualone
6194:Mebroqualone
6184:Diproqualone
6179:Cloroqualone
6108:Glutethimide
5912:
5864:
5831:
5793:
5766:Testosterone
5731:Progesterone
5696:Hydroxydione
5645:Androsterone
5572:Acecarbromal
5477:constituents
5264:Cyclarbamate
5254:Carisoprodol
5026:Metaclazepam
5021:Menitrazepam
5011:Meclonazepam
5006:Lormetazepam
4936:Flutemazepam
4761:Ciclotizolam
4751:Carburazepam
4643:Thiobarbital
4603:Secobarbital
4568:Phetharbital
4548:Nealbarbital
4533:Methohexital
4518:Hexobarbital
4453:Butallylonal
4448:Butobarbital
4403:Barbexaclone
4398:Aprobarbital
4383:Allobarbital
4370:Barbiturates
4337:
4329:
4319:Petrichloral
3625:
3492:Halomethanes
3397:the original
3386:
3374:. Retrieved
3364:
3352:. Retrieved
3342:
3328:
3314:
3302:
3290:
3279:. Retrieved
3277:. 2010-04-01
3269:
3258:. Retrieved
3256:. 2012-03-09
3253:
3244:
3233:. Retrieved
3226:
3214:
3203:the original
3196:
3184:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3130:. Retrieved
3079:
3076:Br J Ind Med
3075:
3065:
3038:
3034:
3024:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2891:
2887:
2882:CDC (2012).
2877:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2643:
2639:
2629:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2557:
2537:
2527:
2503:
2496:
2473:
2463:
2451:. Retrieved
2443:
2430:
2410:
2406:
2384:
2380:
2354:
2346:
2345:, series 2,
2342:
2336:
2320:. Springer.
2317:
2292:
2269:. Retrieved
2247:
2234:
2210:. Retrieved
2205:
2179:. Retrieved
2166:
2136:
2105:
2039:
2033:
1938:
1898:
1886:
1863:
1860:
1832:
1788:carcinogenic
1785:
1758:
1707:
1670:
1637:
1611:
1599:
1589:, a seaweed
1584:
1582:
1567:
1564:
1553:
1530:
1503:polyurethane
1476:decaffeinate
1469:
1445:
1441:distillation
1430:
1318:
1306:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1159:Legal status
1106:
1025:
1003:Autoignition
938:
874:
836:
815:
794:
767:
740:
719:
664:
631:
595:
555:Miscible in
527:at 760 mmHg
296:RTECS number
102:Identifiers
94:Other names
6721:Stiripentol
6716:Seproxetine
6686:Niacinamide
6666:Loreclezole
6487:Avermectins
6451:Vinyl ether
6421:Sevoflurane
6401:Paraldehyde
6351:Halopropane
6174:Afloqualone
6156:Tracazolate
6151:ICI-190,622
6141:Cartazolate
6118:Piperidione
6113:Methyprylon
6080:Fospropofol
6002:Pipequaline
5810:Pazinaclone
5800:Eszopiclone
5656:Cholesterol
5640:Androstenol
5564:Monoureides
5544:Methysticin
5344:Tetrabamate
5324:Pentabamate
5314:Meprobamate
5284:Febarbamate
5249:Carisbamate
5201:Triflubazam
5191:Tolufazepam
5151:Rilmazafone
5146:Remimazolam
5121:Proflazepam
5106:Pivoxazepam
5066:Nitrazepate
5056:Nimetazepam
4991:Lopirazepam
4961:Haloxazolam
4911:Fludiazepam
4856:Doxefazepam
4831:Delorazepam
4811:Clotiazepam
4806:Clorazepate
4771:Cinolazepam
4668:Vinbarbital
4623:Tetrabamate
4578:Probarbital
4558:Phenallymal
4523:Metharbital
4498:Febarbamate
4393:Amobarbital
4294:Isopropanol
4264:Chloralodol
3154:(1): 31–9.
3148:Environ Res
2849:J Emerg Med
2423:See p. 210.
2413:: 193–218.
2397:See p. 328.
1929:troposphere
1828:teratogenic
1746:suffocation
1716:. Its high
1537:heat engine
1491:flavourings
1040:median dose
1026:Lethal dose
1005:temperature
992:Flash point
869:Signal word
826:Eye hazards
820:(OHS/OSH):
626:Henry's law
474:Appearance
430:Properties
221:100.000.763
183:ChEMBL45967
163:CHEBI:15767
6838:Categories
6754:Topiramate
6744:Terpenoids
6701:Propanidid
6691:Org 25,435
6619:Flupirtine
6614:Fluoxetine
6520:Chloralose
6491:ivermectin
6396:Norflurane
6361:Isoflurane
6306:Desflurane
6296:Chloroform
6256:Aliflurane
6189:Etaqualone
6017:SB-205,384
5947:CP-615,003
5942:CL-218,872
5896:Panadiplon
5886:Lorediplon
5815:Suproclone
5776:Zuranolone
5736:Renanolone
5721:Posovolone
5701:Minaxolone
5691:Ganaxolone
5630:Alfaxalone
5625:Alfadolone
5615:Acebrochol
5582:Bromisoval
5460:Metomidate
5447:Imidazoles
5407:Hispidulin
5359:Flavonoids
5319:Nisobamate
5309:Mebutamate
5279:Ethinamate
5274:Emylcamate
5241:Carbamates
5211:Tuclazepam
5186:Tetrazepam
5141:Reclazepam
5116:Premazepam
5096:Phenazepam
5076:Nordazepam
5071:Nitrazolam
5061:Nitrazepam
5041:Motrazepam
4996:Loprazolam
4986:Lofendazam
4971:Imidazenil
4931:Flutazolam
4926:Flurazepam
4896:Fletazepam
4851:Dimdazenil
4846:Diclazepam
4826:Cyprazepam
4816:Cloxazolam
4796:Clonazolam
4791:Clonazepam
4781:Climazolam
4741:Brotizolam
4736:Bromazolam
4731:Bromazepam
4726:Bretazenil
4721:Bentazepam
4711:Arfendazam
4706:Alprazolam
4701:Adinazolam
4673:Vinylbital
4653:Thiopental
4528:Methitural
4443:Buthalital
4438:Butalbital
4289:Isobutanol
3281:2012-02-07
3260:2023-09-07
3235:2023-09-07
3132:2006-09-10
3082:(3): 420.
3035:West J Med
2930:21 January
2271:2023-08-16
2212:22 January
1992:References
1943:. The US
1857:Regulation
1786:It may be
1718:volatility
1696:, forming
1684:including
1489:and other
1433:chloroform
1315:Production
1309:macroalgae
1303:Occurrence
1281:chloroform
848:Pictograms
787:combustion
691:Structure
551:Solubility
489:chloroform
462:Molar mass
321:588X2YUY0A
194:ChemSpider
130:3D model (
109:CAS Number
29:Diclofenac
6813:See also:
6775:valerenol
6696:Phenytoin
6676:Monastrol
6634:Lanthanum
6629:KRM-II-81
6592:Fenamates
6587:Etifoxine
6582:Etazepine
6577:Efavirenz
6535:Darigabat
6431:Teflurane
6416:Roflurane
6411:Propylene
6356:Halothane
6341:Fluroxene
6326:Enflurane
6229:Volatiles
6146:Etazolate
6057:Viqualine
6012:RWJ-51204
5977:L-838,417
5967:Imepitoin
5937:CGS-20625
5932:CGS-13767
5917:Adipiplon
5891:Ocinaplon
5853:Saripidem
5848:Necopidem
5825:Zopiclone
5820:Suriclone
5805:Pagoclone
5711:ORG-21465
5706:ORG-20599
5597:Ectylurea
5587:Carbromal
5465:Propoxate
5455:Etomidate
5382:Baicalein
5339:Styramate
5334:Procymate
5304:Lorbamate
5289:Felbamate
5259:Clocental
5231:Zomebazam
5226:Zolazepam
5221:Zapizolam
5216:Uldazepam
5196:Triazolam
5181:Temazepam
5176:Sulazepam
5166:Ro48-8684
5161:Ro48-6791
5156:Ripazepam
5126:Pyrazolam
5101:Pinazepam
5051:Nifoxipam
5036:Midazolam
5031:Mexazolam
5016:Medazepam
5001:Lorazepam
4981:Ketazolam
4976:Irazepine
4966:Iclazepam
4956:Halazepam
4951:Gidazepam
4946:Fosazepam
4866:Estazolam
4861:Elfazepam
4836:Demoxepam
4766:Cinazepam
4746:Camazepam
4716:Avizafone
4638:Thiamylal
4573:Primidone
4503:Heptabarb
4493:Eterobarb
4458:Carbubarb
4355:Triclofos
4254:Brometone
4193:compound.
3376:April 20,
3354:April 20,
2795:0022-3263
2756:0022-3263
2699:2470-1343
2679:ACS Omega
2660:0030-4948
2046:CRC Press
1824:pregnancy
1773:hepatitis
1734:headaches
1722:dizziness
1682:pyridines
1633:Li + RH
1525:overtones
1497:and as a
1258:with the
839:labelling
830:Irritant
760:formation
734:Std molar
680:Viscosity
332:UN number
303:PA8050000
242:200-838-9
234:EC Number
6801:TCS-1205
6796:TCS-1105
6786:α-Pinene
6759:Valerian
6734:tetronal
6711:Safranal
6660:obovatol
6656:magnolol
6652:honokiol
6482:Alogabat
6477:AA-29504
6426:Synthane
6386:Nitrogen
6366:Kerosine
6346:Gasoline
6336:Ethylene
6276:Centalun
6271:Butylene
6085:Propofol
6047:U-89843A
6027:TGSC01AA
5997:NS-11394
5962:GBLD-345
5927:CGS-9896
5922:CGS-8216
5906:Zaleplon
5901:Taniplon
5881:Indiplon
5876:Fasiplon
5871:Divaplon
5858:Zolpidem
5761:SAGE-872
5756:SAGE-689
5751:SAGE-516
5746:SAGE-324
5741:SAGE-105
5649:Certain
5592:Capuride
5554:Yangonin
5431:baicalin
5427:Skullcap
5417:Luteolin
5392:Catechin
5387:Baicalin
5377:Apigenin
5349:Tybamate
5136:Quazepam
5131:QH-II-66
5111:Prazepam
5091:Oxazolam
5086:Oxazepam
4886:Etizolam
4841:Diazepam
4821:CP-1414S
4786:Clobazam
4776:Clazolam
4663:Valofane
4618:Talbutal
4608:Sigmodal
4513:Hexethal
4408:Barbital
4388:Alphenal
4378:(-)-DMBB
4324:Propanol
4314:Pentanol
4304:Methanol
4246:Alcohols
4000:C*BrClFI
3810:C*HBrClI
3744:C*HBrClF
3426:(NIOSH).
3122:USDHHS.
3016:19049266
2951:Br Med J
2900:22357403
2803:20469919
2717:29876537
2482:cite web
2265:Archived
2241:(NIOSH).
2181:5 August
2095:CID 6344
2027:(NIOSH).
1955:See also
1816:placenta
1804:pancreas
1704:Toxicity
1597:by 79%.
1460:sunlight
1456:chlorine
1321:treating
1297:solvents
1289:miscible
1254:) is an
1174:Class B1
1020:13%-23%
939:NFPA 704
810:Hazards
650:(χ)
628:constant
6748:borneol
6746:(e.g.,
6738:trional
6728:(e.g.,
6646:(e.g.,
6644:Lignans
6594:(e.g.,
6552:(e.g.,
6497:Bromide
6489:(e.g.,
6472:α-EMTBL
6436:Toluene
6406:Propane
6281:Chloral
6261:Benzene
6241:Acetone
6072:Phenols
6062:Y-23684
6052:U-90042
6037:TPA-023
6022:SX-3228
6007:ROD-188
5992:NS-2710
5987:NS-2664
5972:JM-1232
5957:ELB-139
5952:CTP-354
5838:Alpidem
5437:Wogonin
5412:Linarin
4891:FG-8205
4598:Reposal
4299:Menthol
4259:Butanol
3763:C*HBrFI
3749:C*HClFI
3420:"#0414"
3176:1855488
3156:Bibcode
3106:6743591
3097:1009322
3057:3388849
3048:1026148
2981:7437838
2972:1714874
2869:3049777
2708:5981293
2580:Bibcode
2453:June 5,
2099:PubChem
2021:"#0414"
1864:In the
1837:and/or
1794:of the
1726:fatigue
1712:simple
1698:acetals
1678:aminals
1666:+ LiCl
1578:macadam
1574:asphalt
1545:jukebox
1370:Cl + Cl
1329:methane
1323:either
1285:solvent
1260:formula
1221:what is
1219: (
875:Warning
736:entropy
630: (
569:benzene
565:hexanes
561:alcohol
497:Density
487:Faint,
272:PubChem
119:75-09-2
6681:Niacin
6266:Butane
6219:SL-164
6090:Thymol
6032:TP-003
5913:Others
5716:P1-185
5676:5β-DHP
5671:5α-DHP
5666:3α-DHP
5514:Kavain
5422:Rc-OMe
4191:Chiral
4123:CBrClI
3914:CBrClF
3784:CHBrCl
3174:
3104:
3094:
3055:
3045:
3014:
2979:
2969:
2898:
2867:
2801:
2793:
2754:
2715:
2705:
2697:
2658:
2545:
2511:
2324:
2293:et al.
2253:Anvisa
2052:
1868:, the
1802:, and
1792:cancer
1730:nausea
1591:fodder
1479:coffee
1435:, and
1216:verify
1213:
1172:
703:1.6 D
491:-like
414:SMILES
260:D02330
174:ChEMBL
77:Names
6540:DEABL
6233:gases
6042:TP-13
5771:THDOC
5661:DHDOC
4084:CBrCl
4055:CBrCl
4031:CBrFI
4005:CClFI
3973:CBrCl
3840:CHBrI
3815:CHClI
3718:CHBrF
3710:CHClF
3223:(PDF)
3206:(PDF)
3193:(PDF)
3127:(PDF)
2440:(PDF)
2175:(PDF)
2097:from
1925:AGAGE
1849:, or
1843:liver
1820:fetal
1800:liver
1796:lungs
1710:toxic
1658:+ CH
1506:foams
1426:+ HCl
1406:+ HCl
1382:+ HCl
1293:polar
1250:, or
1107:NIOSH
601:1.19
467:84.93
421:ClCCl
379:InChI
336:1593
154:ChEBI
132:JSmol
5843:DS-1
5475:Kava
5402:EGCG
4338:tert
4330:tert
4233:GABA
4168:CBrI
4131:CClI
3943:CBrF
3922:CClF
3885:CBrF
3877:CClF
3831:CHBr
3823:CHBr
3801:CHBr
3792:CHCl
3776:CHCl
3768:CHFI
3754:CHBr
3735:CHCl
3642:BrCl
3378:2018
3356:2018
3172:PMID
3102:PMID
3053:PMID
3012:PMID
2977:PMID
2932:2015
2896:PMID
2888:MMWR
2865:PMID
2799:PMID
2791:ISSN
2752:ISSN
2713:PMID
2695:ISSN
2656:ISSN
2543:ISBN
2509:ISBN
2488:link
2455:2016
2322:ISBN
2214:2015
2183:2015
2050:ISBN
1851:skin
1818:but
1810:and
1771:and
1754:coma
1742:eyes
1740:and
1686:DMAP
1501:for
1487:hops
1481:and
1466:Uses
1454:and
1415:+ Cl
1411:CHCl
1401:CHCl
1395:+ Cl
1374:→ CH
1153:Ca
1147:IDLH
1125:STEL
927:P281
923:P261
909:H373
905:H351
901:H336
897:H335
893:H319
889:H315
594:log
584:CHCl
483:Odor
312:UNII
285:6344
251:KEGG
203:6104
6572:DS2
5681:DHT
5397:EGC
4156:CBr
4147:CBr
4139:CBr
4118:ClI
4114:CBr
4105:CBr
4093:CCl
4072:CBr
4063:CCl
4047:CCl
4039:CFI
4022:CBr
4013:CBr
3995:ClF
3991:CBr
3982:CCl
3964:CCl
3931:CBr
3902:CCl
3848:CHI
3726:CHF
3702:CHF
3672:BrI
3651:ClI
3612:BrF
3603:ClF
3164:doi
3092:PMC
3084:doi
3043:PMC
3039:148
3004:doi
2967:PMC
2959:doi
2955:281
2857:doi
2830:doi
2783:doi
2744:doi
2703:PMC
2687:doi
2648:doi
2617:doi
2588:doi
2415:doi
2389:doi
2297:doi
1625:CCl
1576:or
1483:tea
1421:CCl
1360:HCl
1327:or
1244:DCM
1140:Ca
1134:REL
1117:PEL
1068:min
837:GHS
798:298
771:298
744:298
573:CCl
348:EPA
275:CID
6840::
6822:•
6818:•
6773:,
6769:,
6765:,
6736:,
6732:,
6658:,
6654:,
6650:,
6606:,
6602:,
6598:,
6564:,
6560:,
6556:,
6507:,
6503:,
5915::
5869::
5836::
5798::
4189:*
4176:CI
4109:Cl
4076:Cl
4026:FI
3986:FI
3952:CF
3893:CF
3869:CF
3805:Cl
3677:CH
3668:CH
3660:Br
3656:CH
3647:CH
3638:CH
3630:Cl
3626:CH
3621:FI
3617:CH
3608:CH
3599:CH
3587:CH
3569:At
3565:CH
3556:CH
3551:Br
3547:CH
3542:Cl
3538:CH
3529:CH
3508:CH
3422:.
3252:.
3225:.
3195:.
3170:.
3162:.
3152:55
3150:.
3114:^
3100:.
3090:.
3080:41
3078:.
3074:.
3051:.
3037:.
3033:.
3010:.
3000:24
2998:.
2975:.
2965:.
2953:.
2949:.
2908:^
2892:61
2890:.
2886:.
2863:.
2851:.
2826:39
2824:.
2820:.
2797:.
2789:.
2779:75
2777:.
2773:.
2750:.
2740:52
2738:.
2734:.
2711:.
2701:.
2693:.
2681:.
2677:.
2654:.
2644:16
2642:.
2638:.
2611:.
2586:.
2576:28
2574:.
2570:.
2484:}}
2480:{{
2472:.
2446:.
2442:.
2411:19
2409:.
2405:.
2385:33
2383:.
2379:.
2365:Cl
2347:71
2308:^
2280:^
2237:.
2233:.
2222:^
2204:.
2191:^
2157:,
2147:^
2119:^
2083:^
2064:^
2023:.
1999:^
1919:Cl
1915:CH
1845:,
1798:,
1783:.
1752:,
1748:,
1732:,
1728:,
1724:,
1700:.
1654:Cl
1650:CH
1645::
1508:.
1462:.
1443:.
1419:→
1399:→
1391:Cl
1387:CH
1378:Cl
1366:CH
1358:+
1356:Cl
1352:CH
1350:→
1345:Cl
1343:+
1338:CH
1299:.
1273:Cl
1246:,
1168:BR
1127:)
1084:Lo
1082:LC
1076:)
1056:50
1054:LC
1036:50
1034:LD
929:,
925:,
907:,
903:,
899:,
895:,
891:,
841::
790:(Δ
763:(Δ
582:,
578:,
571:,
567:,
563:,
559:,
452:Cl
6777:)
6750:)
6740:)
6662:)
6610:)
6568:)
6511:)
6493:)
6231:/
5433:)
4280:)
4276:(
4236:A
4224:e
4217:t
4210:v
4178:4
4170:3
4162:2
4160:I
4158:2
4151:I
4149:3
4141:4
4133:3
4125:2
4116:2
4107:3
4099:2
4097:I
4095:2
4088:I
4086:2
4078:2
4074:2
4067:I
4065:3
4057:3
4049:4
4041:3
4033:2
4024:2
4017:F
4015:3
4007:2
3993:2
3984:2
3977:F
3975:2
3968:F
3966:3
3958:2
3956:I
3954:2
3947:I
3945:2
3937:2
3935:F
3933:2
3926:I
3924:2
3916:2
3908:2
3906:F
3904:2
3897:I
3895:3
3887:3
3879:3
3871:4
3850:3
3842:2
3835:I
3833:2
3825:3
3817:2
3803:2
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