812:. Earp was chosen as referee by the National Athletic Association the afternoon of the match after both managers refused to agree on a choice. In the eighth round of a fight dominated by Fitzsimmons, Sharkey suddenly went down, clutching his groin, yelling foul. Referee Earp conferred with both corners for a few seconds before he disqualified Fitzsimmons for a foul that virtually no one saw. Fitzsimmons went to court to attempt to stop Sharkey from taking the purse, but failed when the court ruled that the match was illegal and it had no jurisdiction.
752:, whose fans openly rooted against their team in the hopes they would clinch last place in the league for much of the season (the Sabres themselves denied they were tanking and openly criticized their fans for suggesting the notion). Beginning in 2015–16, the top three picks in the draft are subject to lottery, with all fourteen teams that did not qualify for the playoffs eligible to win the picks. However, as the worst team is guaranteed one of the first three picks, tanking is still contemplated when the draft field is deep.
1934:, winners of matches received $ 500 for every point within their margin of victory, but this pot increased by $ 500 after every tie game. To build anticipation for the episode where Van Doren would defeat Stempel, the first episode of their match was played to three tie games; this meant that the next game would be played for $ 2,000 per-point. After one more tie game, Stempel threw the match to Van Doren by answering specific questions incorrectly. Among them, he incorrectly guessed that
688:
perceived incentives, the NBA further tweaked its lottery rules shortly before the start of the 2017–18 season. Effective with the 2019 draft, the teams with the three worst records have equal odds of landing the #1 pick (barring one of these teams also owning another lottery team's pick), and the top four picks are allocated in the lottery instead of the top three. This limits but does not eliminate the incentive to tank, particularly when there is at least one exceptional prospect.
1571:(the deliberate performance of underpowered sumo in which an opponent simply lays a match down without exchange of money). The intricacies of Japanese culture, which include subordination of individual gain to the greater good and knowing how to read a situation without the exchange of words (I know my opponent's score, he needs help, and I should automatically give it to him) mean that the latter is almost readily accepted in the sumo world and is also nearly impossible to prove.
43:
583:(ranked as one of the country's top 10 teams by some national publications), setting up a potential match in the regional semifinals. The loser would thus avoid Blackman until the regional final, a game whose participants would both advance to the sectional tournament (one step short of the state tournament). During the game both teams pulled their starters early, missed shots on purpose, intentionally turned over the ball and deliberately committed fouls. The
504:
were well-rested for the postseason, which he contended was perfectly ethical behavior. In 2012, Major League
Baseball added a second wild card in each league, with the two wild cards playing a single-elimination game in order to give more importance to winning the division. In 2022, the postseason was further expanded, adding a third wild card and making the round a best-of-three series.
1849:", as McMahon used) rather than as a legitimate sport, and that it should not be regulated by state athletic commissions. The move was seen as more of a relief to those who had questioned wrestling's legitimacy, since at least one major company (in this case, the WWF) was now publicly willing to admit that wrestling was staged; however, the move did anger many wrestling purists.
876:, who had just beaten Chile). West Germany attacked hard and scored after 10 minutes. Afterwards, the players then proceeded to just kick the ball around aimlessly for the remainder of the match. Algerian supporters were so angered that they waved banknotes at the players, while a German fan burned his German flag in disgust. By the second half, the ARD commentator
139:, requires contacts (and normally money transfers) between gamblers, players, team officials, and/or referees. These contacts and transfers can sometimes be discovered, and lead to prosecution by the law or the sports league(s). In contrast, losing for future advantage is internal to the team and very difficult to prove. Often, substitutions are made by a
1099:. Argentina needed a four-goal victory over Peru in order to advance over Brazil, a large margin at this level of competition, yet Argentina won 6–0. Much was made over possible political collusion, that the Peruvian goalkeeper was born in Argentina, and that Peru was dependent on Argentinian grain shipments, but nothing was ever proven.
919:, teams have sometimes been accused of intentionally playing one or more draws so as to ensure replays. In this case, the motive is usually financial since the ensuing replay(s) would typically be expected to generate additional revenue for the participating teams. One notorious example of this particular type of alleged fix was the
143:, designed to deliberately increase the team's chances of losing (such as having key players sit out, often using minimal or phantom injuries as an excuse), rather than ordering the players who are actually on the field to intentionally underperform, are cited as the main factor in cases where this has been alleged.
1075:. Although Italy beat Bulgaria by only one goal to finish level with Sweden and Denmark on five points and would hypothetically have been eliminated using the FIFA tie-breaker too, some Italian fans bitterly contended that the FIFA tie-breaker would have motivated their team to play harder and deterred their
912:
asleep and the mouse was on tranquilisers." Milan scored in the 82nd minute, but
Brescia "mysteriously found themselves with a huge overlap" and equalised two minutes later. The 1–1 draw gave Milan their title, but in the end did not help Brescia; other results went against them and they suffered the drop.
1095:). Conversely, there are cases where a team not only lost (which might be honest) but lost by some large amount, perhaps to ensure a point spread was covered, or to grant some non-gambling related favor to the victor. Perhaps the most famous alleged example was the match between Argentina and Peru in the
499:, a team they historically have had more postseason success against. Allegations of the Yankees purposefully settling for the wild card, presumably to avoid facing Texas in the ALDS, began to surface after the Yankees defeated the Twins. Additional allegations came up in 2012 when Yankees general manager
459:– had both already qualified for the semi-finals, it was in both teams' interest to lose the match and finish in second place. As the game progressed, neither side seemed particularly concerned with scoring, while the defending was lackadaisical. As the match entered stoppage time, Indonesian defender
1247:
often limit the ability of owners to stack one roster at the expense of another. Typically, to forestall so much as any perception of impropriety, such teams will be prohibited from trading directly with each other and any head-to-head match(es) will usually be scheduled early in the season to ensure
1015:
were a common target of such allegations. Because the players received a percentage of the gate receipts for postseason games (a privilege they did not enjoy in the regular season), there was a perception that the players had an incentive to fix an equal number of early games in favor of each team so
486:
division title and by the final week, both teams had already clinched at least the wild card. The
Yankees went 3–7 over the final 10 games, losing their regular-season finale, while the Rays went 5–5 and won theirs, giving the Rays the AL East title by one game and the Yankees the AL wild-card berth.
1182:
determined that if
Somerset batted first and declared their innings closed after one over, they would protect their strike rate advantage, assuring advancement to the quarter-finals. When Somerset won the toss, Rose implemented the plan, batting in the first partnership and declaring at the close of
726:
assured the last place team of at least the second position in its entry draft, with the first overall pick being subject to a draft lottery among the five worst teams. As NHL drafts typically include only one NHL-ready prospect, if any at all, in any given year (most others must continue developing
648:
to allocate young players to the league's teams. The order in which teams select players is often the inverse of their standings in the previous season. As a result, a team may have a significant incentive to tank games to secure a higher pick in the league's next draft, and a number of leagues have
1852:
Due to the lingering legitimacy issues that surrounded wrestling from the 1910s until the 1980s, gambling was generally not allowed on wrestling matches while it was still considered a legitimate sport. Despite wrestling having openly acknowledged that the results are predetermined for years, since
911:
believed a point would be enough for them to avoid relegation. In a 2004 retrospective on the "dodgiest games" in football history, two
British journalists said about the match, "For over 80 minutes, the two teams engaged in a shameful game of cat-and-mouse, in which the cat appeared to have fallen
824:
Match fixing does not necessarily involve deliberately losing a match. Occasionally, teams have been accused of deliberately playing to a draw or a fixed score where this ensures some mutual benefit (e.g. both teams advancing to the next stage of a competition.) One of the earliest examples of this
760:
NFL teams have been accused of tanking games to obtain a more favorable schedule the following season; this was especially true between 1977 and 1993, when a team finishing last in a five-team division would get to play four of its eight non-division matches the next season against other last-place
815:
Eight years later, Dr. B. Brookes Lee was arrested in
Portland, Oregon. He had been accused of treating Sharkey to make it appear that he had been fouled by Fitzsimmons. Lee said, "I fixed Sharkey up to look as if he had been fouled. How? Well, that is something I do not care to reveal, but I will
707:, with poorly performing teams receiving extra selections at or near the start of the draft. Prior to 2012, a team automatically received a priority pick if its win–loss record met pre-defined eligibility criteria. However, that system led to accusations of tanking by several clubs—most notably by
1102:
Although the
Denmark–Sweden game above led to calls for UEFA to adopt FIFA's tiebreaking formula for future tournaments, it is not clear if this solves the problem; the Argentina-Peru game shows a possible abuse of the FIFA tie-breaker. Proponents of the UEFA tie-breaker argue that it reduces the
531:
were ejected from the women's doubles tournament for intentionally losing matches to allow better pairings in the knockout stages of the competition. In what the BBC called a “night of shame,” players made simple errors throughout the match, despite booing and jeering from the crowd, and warnings
503:
commented in response to a possible playoff expansion that his team had “conceded the division” and that winning it meant “nothing more than a T-shirt and a hat”. However, Cashman insisted that the
Yankees were not motivated by any desire to lose games, but were merely ensuring their best players
1272:
Bookmakers in the early 21st century accept bets on a far wider range of sports-related propositions than ever before. Thus, a gambling-motivated fix might not necessarily involve any direct attempt to influence the outright result, especially in team sports in which such a fix would require the
590:
As previously mentioned, the practice of coaches on a playoff-bound team deliberately benching a team's best players for some or all of the final match(es) of the regular season (or alternatively, giving them less playing time than would normally be warranted) is often defended as a common sense
314:
playoffs. In recent years, the East has often been viewed to be a weaker division than the West; however, if any
Western team has attempted such a strategy, it has not paid significant dividends for them since teams who qualify for the playoffs via crossover have gone a combined 5-7 in the East
1079:
rivals from, in their view, at the very least half-heartedly playing out the match after the score became 2–2. The same situation happened to Italy in 2012, leading to many pre-game complaints from Italy, who many commentators suggested were right to be concerned because of their own extensive
687:
Even though the lottery in place through the 2018 draft gave the team with the worst record only the same chance at the top pick as the 2nd and 3rd worst teams (with that team guaranteed no worse than the fourth pick), there was still perceived incentive for a team to tank. Responding to these
1219:
Sometimes, fixing or tanking may simply be motivated by ownership having controlling interests in two or more teams. In such circumstances, there is often incentive for the common owners' poorer team to deliberately lose to a championship contender, or at least to make roster and/or coaching
161:
Games that are deliberately lost are sometimes called "thrown games", especially when a team has nothing to play for (either having already qualified for the next stage of competition or is arithmetically unable to qualify for the next stage of the competition, or is in the process of being
2073:
By monitoring the pre-match betting markets it is sometimes possible to detect planned match fixing. It is also possible to detect on-going match manipulation by looking at the in-game betting markets. Several federations have employed services that provide such systems for detecting match
967:, in the relegation zone. Sevilla performed poorly, while their fans showed support for Oviedo and expressed concern for missed scoring chances by the Asturian side. Oviedo defeated Sevilla 3–2, contributing to the eventual relegation of Betis. Twelve years later, former Sevilla goalkeeper
793:), all of which concerned referees who fixed matches for gamblers. Many sports writers have speculated that in leagues with high player salaries, it is far more likely for a referee to become corrupt since their pay in such competitions is usually much less than that of the players.
764:
In the current scheduling formula which has been in place since 2002 and slightly amended in 2021, only three games in a team's schedule are dependent on a team's placement the previous season. The remaining eight non-division games are the same for all teams in a division.
2422:
Myers
Gallardo, Alfonso (2015). CorrupciĂłn en el deporte. RepresiĂłn penal Âżnecesaria?, en Carrillo, Ana & Myers Gallardo, Alfonso (Edts.) "CorrupciĂłn y delincuencia econĂłmica: prevenciĂłn, represiĂłn y recuperaciĂłn de activos", Universidad de Salamanca, Ratio Legis, pp.
1522:" (a stablemaster of sumo). Although Chobei was a better Igo player than Isenoumi, he sometimes lost games on purpose to please Isenoumi so that Isenoumi would continue to buy merchandise from his shop. Afterward, once people knew of his cheating, they started to use
4602:
1473:
word meaning a cheating activity which is committed at places where a match, fight, game, competition, or other contest, is held, where the winner and loser are decided in advance by agreement of the competitors or related people. It is believed that the word
262:, contacted him and agreed to share the winning should he win. Varzi contacted other drivers who agreed to share the money if they deliberately lost. Despite a poor start, Varzi won the race after his opponents deliberately underperformed throughout the race.
293:
in which home advantage in the playoffs is based strictly on regular-season records without regard to seeding. The top six teams earn an automatic playoff berth, while the seventh through tenth teams compete for the last two seeds in a "play-in tournament".
1010:
In addition to the aforementioned incidents of alleged fixing of drawn matches to ensure replays, mutual fixes have sometimes been alleged in "best of X" knockout series where draws are either not possible or very uncommon. Early versions of baseball's
591:
measure to avoid unnecessarily risking injuries and fatigue to the team's star players. Some argue that a coach should not only have the right to select a starting lineup for a match that gives the team the best chances of winning titles in the long
1273:
co-operation (and prerequisitely the knowledge) of many people and/or perhaps would be more likely to arouse suspicion. Fixing the result of a more-particular proposition might be seen as less likely to be noticed. For example, the disgraced former
1032:. Among other things, the so-called "Brush Rules" stipulated that the players would only receive a share of ticket revenue from the first four games, thus eliminating any financial incentive for the players to deliberately prolong the World Series.
4020:
684:, involving all teams that did not make the playoffs in the previous season. This lottery system prevented teams from receiving fixed draft positions based on record place, which the league hoped would discourage them from deliberately losing.
1135:, such lopsided results are seen as unsavoury, even if they are honest. If anything, these incidents serves as evidence that the FIFA tie-breaker can cause incentives to perpetrate a fix in some circumstances, the UEFA tie-breaker in others.
1019:
Partly as an effort to avoid this sort of controversy, early World Series sometimes saw all scheduled games played even if the Series winner was already determined. That did not prove satisfactory since few fans were willing to pay to watch
309:
teams have been occasionally accused of tanking near the end of the season in situations where a loss would cause them to finish fourth place in their division and where such a finish was still good enough to secure a berth in the league's
2759:
1356:
as to the chance such a fix might be attempted. Some bettors might choose to avoid wagering on such a fixture while others will be motivated to wager on it, or alter the bet they would otherwise place. Such actions will invariably affect
1442:
In the 1990s, match fixing in Asia was especially common. In Malaysia, authorities suggested that 70% of football matches were being manipulated, and corruption scandals in China resulted in gamblers choosing to bet on overseas matches.
2078:, a sports technology company specialising in integrity, to monitor the betting patterns on all of their games. In addition, Interpol monitors and publishes major developments in match-fixing and corruption in sports around the world.
108:) is the act of playing or officiating a contest with the intention of achieving a predetermined result, violating the rules of the game and often the law. There are many reasons why match fixing might take place, including receiving
2250:
1750:
Rimini in a fixed encounter. Following investigation, Juventus Manager Luciano Moggi, Italian Football President Franco Carraro and Vice-president Innocenzo Mazzini had to resign In 2010 several Korean footballers were punished by
735:
for several years before reaching the NHL), this rudimentary lottery has historically been enough of a deterrent to avoid deliberate tanking. However, in 2014–15, two elite prospects widely considered to be “generational talents,”
1547:
and exchange or buy the match result, or their salary would be nothing, 0 yen, with the participation wage of 150,000 yen every two months if they finish the tournament with a losing record, and their ranking would go down to
1183:
the first over after Somerset scored only one run on a no-ball. Worcestershire won during their second over. Rose's strategy, although not against the letter of the rules, was condemned by media and cricket officials, and the
1438:
MLB Rule 21 prohibits players from participating in any form of betting on baseball games, and a lifetime ban for betting on a player's own games. A poster with Rule 21 must be posted on all professional baseball clubhouses.
273:
Many sports have tournaments where the result of one round determines their opponent in the next round. As a result, by losing a match, a team can face an easier opponent in the next round, making them more likely to win.
4592:
2347:
1312:
so that a group of associates would collect on a wager made on an early throw-in. Likewise, a tennis pro was paid to make sure she lost her first service game. She was free to play normally for the rest of the match.
587:, which governs high school sports in the state, ejected both teams from the postseason, fined the two schools (Riverdale $ 1,000 and Smyrna $ 500), and placed both teams on probation through the 2015–16 school year.
614:. Since the Czechs had already clinched first place in the group, this move was seen to have the potential to allow Germany a better chance to get the win they needed to advance at the expense of the winner of the
158:, a company that monitors the integrity of sports events on behalf of sports federations, as many as one percent of the matches they monitor show suspicious betting patterns that may be indicative of match fixing.
2180:
1618:) as fellow match fixers. Jadeja was banned for 4 years. Although Cronje was a kingpin of betting, following untimely death in 2002 most of his fixing partners escaped law enforcement agencies. Earlier in 1998,
1344:(ICC): Butt for ten years, Asif for seven and Amir for five. On 3 November 2011, jail terms were handed down of 30 months for Butt, one year for Asif, six months for Amir and two years eight months for Majeed.
1165:
in the final group match for both sides. Going into that match, Somerset led their group with three wins from three matches, but would end in a three-way tie for the top spot if they lost to Worcestershire and
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2282:
1223:
Such collusion is often not limited to individual games, rather, owners may deliberately try to transfer all of their best players to the more lucrative team. A particularly notorious example occurred in the
2915:
4070:
4012:
435:, with the eight countries competing split into two groups of four. The top two in each group advanced to the semi-finals with the winners playing the runners-up of the other group. In the first group,
2963:
2767:
3384:
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1598:
in which they learnt that Cronje accepted money to throw matches. A court of inquiry was set up and Cronje admitted to throwing matches. He was immediately banned from all cricket. He also named
1028:
boycotted the World Series in part because of dissatisfaction with the financial arrangements surrounding the Series, Major League Baseball agreed to a number of reforms proposed by Giants owner
579:
were found to be tanking during a consolation match of their district tournament. The winner of the game would enter the same side of the regional tournament bracket as defending state champion
5301:
4474:
3653:
2372:
4628:
2807:
1352:
Whenever any serious motivation for teams to manipulate results becomes apparent to the general public, there can be a corresponding effect on betting markets as honest gamblers speculate in
4542:
3730:
1055:
takes the result of the game between the two tied teams (or in a three-way tie, the overall records of the games played with the teams in question only) into consideration before overall
5128:
162:
eliminated.) In contrast, when a team intentionally loses a game or does not score as high as it can, to obtain a perceived future competitive advantage, the team is often said to have "
1526:
as a word meaning any decision to win/lose a match in advance by negotiation etc. with the expectation of secondary profit, even though the match seems to be held seriously and fairly.
1411:
soon became rife with fighters "taking a dive", likely due to boxing being a sport involving individual competitors, which makes its matches much easier to fix without getting caught.
5682:
4049:
2209:
1911:. At the time, the majority of television programs were effectively controlled by their single sponsors, with broadcasters only providing studios and airtime. Geritol demanded that
1240:
637:
282:
1865:(which played for a single season in 2001), the league had to emphasize that its games were not staged in this manner (despite drawing upon wrestling, and in particular the WWF's "
1656:
at specific points to facilitate betting through bookmakers. Following investigation, three Pakistani players were banned from cricket and sentenced to prison terms. Similarly, in
1236:, and brazenly traded Cleveland's best players to St. Louis. The Spiders finished the season 20–134 (by far the worst record in MLB history) and were contracted after the season.
673:
540:
4571:
2877:
2650:
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4307:
1853:
the late 2000s gambling has increased on wrestling events, though the maximum bets are kept low due to the matches being predetermined. By contrast, when the WWF co-founded an
5631:
3632:
3033:
2737:
2339:
711:(the club was found not guilty, but the head coach and general manager were found guilty on related charges). Since 2012, priority picks are awarded at the discretion of the
467:, overcoming the efforts of several Thai players and the goalkeeper to stop him. Both teams were fined $ 40,000, and Effendi was banned from international football for life.
3903:
2561:
816:
assert that it was done—that is enough. There is no doubt that Fitzsimmons was entitled to the decision and did not foul Sharkey. I got $ 1,000 for my part in the affair."
4504:
3990:
2081:
In addition, several federations run integrity tours where players and officials participate in educational workshops on how match fixing work and how they are prevented.
1281:
has been alleged to have perpetrated some of his fixes by calling games in such a manner as to ensure more points than expected were scored by both teams, thus affecting "
4658:
2172:
1979:
its questions more favorably towards contestants they felt would be more popular among viewers (although it stopped short of outright rigging games to the same extent as
5687:
2941:
1784:
Up until the 1920s, professional wrestling was considered a legitimate sport. This did not endure as professional wrestling became identified with modern theatrics or
1199:
A player can concede with the understanding that the opponent will share the prize equally with him or her. Depending on the game, this can lead to disqualification.
978:(NFL) team has also been accused of throwing its final regular-season game in an attempt to keep a rival out of the playoffs. An alleged example of this was when the
536:
found the four pairs guilty of “not using one’s best efforts to win a match” and “conducting oneself in a manner that is clearly abusive or detrimental to the sport.”
2707:
2310:
2272:
1328:, during the Lord's test match against England. Following investigations by the News of the World and Scotland Yard, on 1 November 2011, Majeed, Pakistan's captain,
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5423:
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2399:
5735:
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154:, which center on smaller events within a match that can be wagered upon but are unlikely to prove decisive in determining the game's final result. According to
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5362:
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2095:
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1377:
Evidence of match fixing has been found throughout recorded history, and the history of match fixing is closely related to the history of illegal gambling.
5567:
5528:
5161:
3002:
265:
A large match-fixing ring in the lower levels of professional tennis, centered around gambling, was broken up in 2023. At least 181 players were involved.
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872:. A West German victory by 1 or 2 goals would result in both teams advancing; any less and Germany was out; any more and Austria was out (and replaced by
5697:
3376:
3347:
2829:
1289:. Also, bets are increasingly being taken on individual performances in team sporting events, which, in turn, has seen the rise of a phenomenon known as
773:
In addition to the match fixing that is committed by players, coaches and/or team officials, it is not unheard of to have results manipulated by corrupt
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3649:
3242:
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664:
used a coin flip between the teams with the worst records in each of the league's two conferences to determine the recipient of the top pick. In the
404:
writer Michael Farber would say about this particular powerplay, "If the Swedes had passed the puck anymore, their next opponent would have been the
166:" the game instead of having thrown it. In sports where a handicap or ranking system exists and is capable of being abused (including sports such as
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3815:
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game. As it happened, the Czechs' decision to field a "weaker" side did not matter since the Czechs won the match anyway to eliminate the Germans.
355:
3721:
258:, in which the winning number of the lottery was determined by the number of the race-winning car. One ticket holder held the number belonging to
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4170:
3297:
584:
572:
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1905:, showed concerns over the poor performance of its early contestants—which they felt were causing the show to trail behind its main competitor,
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5197:
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1293:
although it is now unlikely that enough is bet on average players to allow someone to place a substantial wager on them without being noticed.
548:
1340:
were found guilty of conspiracy to cheat at gambling and to accept corrupt payments. As a result, all three of the players were banned by the
5740:
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or an already-eliminated side allowing an unusually large number of goals. Perhaps the most infamous incident occurred in December 1983 when
931:
A team may deliberately lose a match, giving a victory to the opposing team that damages a third-party rival. An example of this occurred in
409:
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218:
is linked to illegal gambling and score fixing. In Russia, people have disappeared or been murdered after acting against bribery in sports.
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2197:
1759:. During the subsequent investigation, many top Korean players were also found to be involved in match fixing after the initial discovery.
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channel, umpires instructed the players and "referees" to perform specific plays and calls. Broadcasts of the "matches" were streamed on
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there are no obvious championship and/or playoff implications. An example of this arrangement occurred in the early 21st century in the
837:
intentionally drew in that year's final "test match" so as to ensure they were both in the First Division the next season. In response,
5318:
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2863:
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2115:
1207:
On occasion, teams tank games as a protest against actions in earlier games. The most lopsided professional football match in history,
339:
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per-game, and the operation was estimated to have scammed punters out of 300,000 rupees before it was shut down by police. The actual
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2971:
1645:
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1243:
usually prohibit such ownership arrangements. Where it is necessary or desirable for a single ownership group to control two teams,
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1983:). The scandal resulted in regulations being implemented to prohibit the rigging of game shows and other contests by broadcasters.
560:
413:
347:
335:
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each athlete took to protect the integrity of the events and the severe punishment sometimes inflicted on those who were caught.
1178:. The Somerset players calculated that a large enough loss could see them miss the quarter-finals. Accordingly, Somerset captain
786:
708:
544:
528:
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1726:, and camera angles that never showed clear shots of the pitch, players, or deliveries. The participating players were paid 400
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in a quarterfinal in the opposite bracket, while Sweden went on to win the gold medal, defeating the Czechs in the semifinals.
359:
351:
327:
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Tanking can also happen in high-school level sports. For example, In February 2015, two girls' basketball teams representing
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By the end of the 19th century gambling was illegal in most jurisdictions, but that did not stop its widespread practice.
408:.") If he was seeking to tank, Gustafsson got his wish; Sweden would face a much less formidable quarterfinal opponent in
346:
publicly contemplated tanking against Slovakia, knowing that if his team won, their quarterfinal opponent would either be
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wrestling. Most of the motive for match fixing is helping each other's ranking to keep their salary higher, according to
1324:
penalties for the benefit of gamblers. The scandal centred on three Pakistani players accepting bribes from a bookmaker,
1116:
1083:
The FIFA tie-breaker, or any goal-differential scheme, can cause problems, too. There have been incidents (especially in
198:
Some major motivations behind match fixing are gambling and future team advantage. According to investigative journalist
1211:, was a result of SO l'Emyrne intentionally losing the game in protest against the referee's action in a previous game.
5572:
5108:
4407:
4267:
3674:
3177:
3090:
2515:
2389:
1158:
1120:
615:
559:, more than 300 miles away, for the first round of the knockout stage. Instead, Japan remained in Cardiff and defeated
3497:
3209:
2233:
1818:, wrestling started to take on a more worked approach while still appearing as a legitimate sport, beginning with the
5918:
5843:
5720:
5284:
5208:
4442:
3693:
3538:
2475:
1452:
1225:
1208:
520:
471:
3762:
447:
to play the host nation in the national stadium on their national day, while the runners-up would face Singapore in
182:, where a player disguises his abilities until he can play for large amounts of money, is a common practice in many
5715:
5476:
5466:
5373:
4013:"Former Sri Lanka minister alleges 2011 Cricket World Cup final was fixed; Jayawardene, Sangakkara demand evidence"
3057:"The Wembanyama Effect: How the buzz about Victor will influence NBA tanking and front office thinking this season"
3056:
2110:
1997:
1891:
in the United States were found to have engaged in match fixing, as part of an effort to boost viewer interest and
998:
in the latter) out of the postseason on the intra-conference record tiebreaker; after the game, Giants quarterback
595: should this be a different lineup than the one that gives the team the best chances of winning the game at
456:
436:
227:
1687:
match between India and Sri Lanka had been fixed. The investigation was dropped by Sri Lankan authorities and the
5486:
5173:
4221:
2994:
2205:
1915:
make changes to the show, which included the outright choreography of contestants around predetermined outcomes.
1676:
1274:
1188:
1146:
1072:
661:
452:
278:
4236:
1040:
On several occasions, creative use of tie-breaking rules have allegedly led teams to play less than their best.
5549:
5491:
5260:
5254:
4726:
2100:
1941:
1912:
1642:
1631:
1071:(which had lower-scoring draws with the Swedes and Danes) regardless of Italy's result with already-eliminated
1064:
873:
865:
861:
611:
576:
440:
1396:
which often tried to manipulate the outcome with large amounts of money. These activities went on despite the
5820:
5649:
5368:
5266:
5226:
1688:
1341:
1184:
1167:
1080:
experience in this area. However, Spain-Croatia ended in a 1–0 win for Spain, and the Italians went through.
619:
244:
4329:
3234:
5428:
5418:
5312:
5202:
4757:
1684:
1162:
1124:
1068:
17:
4625:"INTERPOL: Unfolding Match Fixing Investigations From Portugal Football, Nepal Cricket To Chinese Snooker"
3784:
3600:
1823:
1143:
3722:"Pakistan spot-fixing shame: The inside story on the day the home of cricket became engulfed in scandal"
3112:
2295:
Wilson said he was approached by his general manager – at that time, George McPhee – to tank the season.
748:, thus ensuring the last place team at least one of the two prospects. This was most prominent with the
128:
or to face an easier opponent in a later round of competition. A player might also play poorly to rig a
5677:
5123:
4158:
1731:
1588:
1416:
994:(who had defeated the 49ers in the playoffs in both 1985 and 1986, moreover injuring 49ers quarterback
692:
533:
371:
3268:
2672:
1365:
even if there is no contact whatsoever between teams and the relevant gambling interests. The rise of
668:, several teams were accused of deliberately losing games in an attempt to gain a top position in the
5892:
5605:
5451:
4928:
3878:
3142:
1333:
849:) to remain in the First Division. The "test match" system was abandoned and replaced with automatic
782:
696:
610:
rested nearly all of its starters from the first two group matches for the final group match against
55:
31:
5144:
5692:
4881:
4691:
4361:
2507:
1428:
1249:
1024:
contests. Eventually, following the controversy at the conclusion of the 1904 season in which the
975:
790:
488:
370:." Sweden lost the match 3–0; the most obvious sign of tanking was when Sweden had a five-on-three
298:
3576:
1869:", in its overall image and presentation), and specifically promoted the willingness of Las Vegas
1792:" nature of wrestling led critics to deem it an illegitimate sport, particularly in comparison to
4762:
3411:
2873:
1619:
1432:
920:
838:
805:
171:
124:. Competitors may also intentionally perform poorly to gain a future advantage, such as a better
2048:
343:
5825:
4893:
2868:
2760:"Indonesian official: 8 badminton players disqualified from Olympic doubles for trying to lose"
2501:
2015:
1901:
1774:
1719:
1603:
1304:
back in 1995, he tried (and failed) to kick the ball out of play right after the kick-off of a
1179:
1150:
841:
expanded the divisions to 18 teams that year, thus permitting the intended victims of the fix (
723:
719:
665:
375:
5393:
3921:
3167:
2436:
175:
5913:
5577:
5118:
4898:
4861:
2039:, where it was found that the iBuyPower team had received around $ 10,000 worth of items via
2021:
1907:
1812:
1703:
1657:
1560:
in which one can earn 1,036,000 yen monthly with some prizes and a full 15-match tournament.
1424:
1381:
1154:
940:
846:
842:
420:
241:
2615:
254:
One of the best-known examples of gambling-related race fixing (in motorsports) is the 1933
5587:
4816:
4741:
1892:
1846:
1285:" bets on the games whilst also ensuring that Donaghy at least did not look to be outright
1132:
745:
580:
568:
508:
483:
424:
331:
167:
869:
443:
finishing second; this meant that the winners of the second group would have to travel to
8:
5923:
4923:
4684:
4597:
3348:"Mummery at the Sánchez Pizjuán. An indolent Sevilla lets Oviedo win in a shameful match"
2911:
1945:
1927:
1711:
1710:, with players dressed in replica jerseys of real IPL teams; based on bets received on a
1615:
1607:
1579:
Some of the most notorious instances of match fixing have been observed in international
1233:
1096:
979:
896:
877:
857:
700:
405:
3083:"Sabres unhappy after fans cheer Gagner's winning goal in OT that gives Coyotes 4–3 win"
1529:
Economists using statistical analysis have shown very strong evidence of bout fixing in
1498:
was created for a nickname of Chobei. Chobei had a friend called "Isenoumi Godayu" (7th
1087:) where players on a favored team have won the game but deliberately ensured the quoted
391:
5792:
5324:
5006:
4866:
4811:
3807:
2620:
2255:
1882:
1801:
1297:
1016:
as to ensure the series would run the maximum number of games (or very close thereto).
959:, which was itself fighting to avoid relegation. An Oviedo victory would put Sevilla's
903:
entered their match needing only a point to secure the title ahead of crosstown rivals
641:
552:
400:
255:
2532:
649:
changed their draft rules to remove (or at least limit) potential incentives to tank.
60:
5654:
5559:
5054:
5001:
4829:
4824:
4736:
4534:
4448:
4438:
4099:
3811:
3534:
3447:
3173:
2511:
2471:
2009:
1936:
1923:
1854:
1815:
1797:
1756:
1706:
in an attempt to scam Russian sports betters. The matches took place on a field with
1669:
1470:
1420:
1257:
1229:
797:
728:
677:
387:
311:
306:
248:
237:
64:
1963:
under similar allegations prompted a U.S. government investigation into both it and
1807:
Many individuals began to doubt the legitimacy of wrestling after the retirement of
5773:
5388:
5098:
5069:
4956:
4886:
4876:
4856:
4302:
3799:
3377:"Frod Olsen, former Sevilla goalkeeper, admits they tanked in 2000 to damage Betis"
2198:"Mark Cuban's tanking talk (and NBA-issued fine) speaks of larger issues in league"
1694:
In July 2022, it was reported that local authorities had shut down an operation in
1680:
1366:
987:
881:
880:
refused any further comment on the game, while the Austrian television commentator
631:
475:
448:
431:– saw an example of two teams trying to lose a match. The tournament was hosted by
163:
3803:
2781:
2585:
5345:
5049:
5044:
4721:
4564:"New evidence points to match-fixing at highest level of American Counter-Strike"
4362:"The American Experience | Quiz Show Scandal | People & Events | Dan Enright"
4166:
3951:
3680:
3636:
3528:
2394:
2122:
2055:'s Community Market—after they threw matches in a major tournament. South Korean
2052:
1919:
1829:
Nevertheless, wrestling was still regulated by state athletic commissions in the
1503:
1499:
1056:
1025:
991:
983:
916:
830:
496:
460:
316:
215:
2340:"Girls basketball teams try to lose game to each other, both get postseason ban"
5853:
5103:
5059:
4976:
2139:
2127:
1930:
English teacher whom the producers felt would be more popular with viewers. On
1819:
1401:
1305:
1301:
1044:
908:
889:
749:
737:
712:
704:
681:
669:
657:
653:
645:
603:
479:
428:
379:
367:
125:
117:
4128:
2074:
manipulation. Prior to the 2016 MLB season, Major League Baseball (MLB) hired
1021:
555:, allowing it to finish second in its group so it would not have to travel to
5907:
5023:
4966:
4538:
4452:
3451:
2230:
2133:
2075:
2040:
1834:
1830:
1723:
1595:
1554:(third level) and only participate in seven matches, the lesser ranking from
1337:
1325:
1092:
1029:
960:
500:
395:
286:
259:
211:
147:
140:
4399:
3082:
2051:
in a similar manner to sports betting, based on real-world market values on
5835:
5760:
5064:
5016:
5011:
4971:
4841:
4792:
4334:
3201:
3113:"Tanking for Connor Bedard: Roundtable on the NHL teams with the best shot"
2277:
2226:
2062:
2057:
1976:
1950:
1866:
1727:
1661:
1638:
1599:
1534:
1483:
1419:
to stop gambling at its games. Matters finally came to a head in 1919 when
1385:
1362:
1309:
1261:
1088:
1067:
played to a 2–2 draw, which was a sufficiently high scoreline to eliminate
1012:
892:
so that the final pair of matches in each group are played simultaneously.
834:
732:
556:
487:
Winning the division would have given New York an ALDS matchup against the
129:
1781:
that professional wrestling is staged, it is not considered match fixing.
451:
where the final group match was taking place. As the two teams involved –
42:
5769:
5028:
4986:
4981:
4946:
4913:
4796:
4268:"A Redditor Has Been Leaking WWE Outcomes [Update: WWE Response]"
3754:
2150:
2144:
1808:
1778:
1743:
1707:
1649:
1627:
1611:
1393:
1329:
1290:
1278:
1175:
1076:
995:
968:
952:
904:
741:
383:
199:
151:
5506:
4435:
Television fraud: the history and implications of the quiz show scandals
3298:"1986 FIFA World Cup: Restoring Mexico's pride and the defining moments"
1811:
in 1913. As wrestling's popularity was diving around the same time that
982:, who had clinched a playoff berth, lost their regular-season finale in
5802:
5784:
5669:
5481:
5302:
Commission for the Prevention of Corruption of the Republic of Slovenia
4996:
4951:
4908:
4707:
4467:"Who Cheats on a Quiz Show? How the 1950s Quiz Show Scandals Shaped TV"
2173:"Mark Cuban fined $ 600,000 for saying his Mavericks plan on 'tanking'"
1862:
1842:
1623:
1587:
police intercepted a conversation between a blacklisted bookie and the
1556:
1539:
1353:
1282:
1244:
1084:
1059:
when ranking teams level on points. A situation arose in Group C where
999:
964:
951:. In their thirty-fifth match of the season (out of 38), Sevilla faced
948:
944:
900:
850:
801:
203:
183:
155:
4527:"'It's incredibly widespread': why eSports has a match-fixing problem"
2830:"Martin Rogers: Japan's women's soccer team plays to intentional draw"
2643:"Indonesia And Thailand Involved In Elephant Football In 1998 AFF Cup"
1755:
with a lifelong ban from all sports for fixing several matches in the
1668:
for alleged match fixing. Sreesanth's ban was briefly lifted, but the
1347:
532:
from the match umpire and tournament referee to cease and desist. The
5623:
4918:
4846:
4806:
4787:
3323:"Olé! The chaotic story behind a 1986 World Cup which had everything"
2904:"Here's why two Tennessee girls' basketball teams both tried to lose"
2090:
2027:
1888:
1870:
1550:
1544:
1518:
971:
admitted the team had lost intentionally in order to relegate Betis.
915:
In knockout competitions where the rules require drawn matches to be
492:
315:
Division Semi-Finals, and 0-5 in the East Division Finals. As of the
187:
121:
113:
1543:(the second tier) desperately try to avoid finishing the tournament
5641:
4991:
4961:
4731:
2964:"The Draft That Changed It All. Tanks to '84, the lottery was born"
2390:"Olympic badminton players charged with trying to lose their games"
1845:
in 1989 that wrestling was considered a form of entertainment (or "
1747:
1412:
1253:
956:
464:
320:
233:
207:
179:
136:
3650:"Unsporting Conduct — Improperly Determining a Winner and Bribery"
2864:"Riverdale, Smyrna girls basketball teams removed from postseason"
2808:"Expelled Olympic badminton players win gold for lack of subtlety"
926:
5707:
4903:
4801:
4497:"Albert Freedman, Producer of Rigged 1950s Quiz Show, Dies at 95"
2938:"To rest or not to rest? Panthers and Patriots face the question"
1992:
1896:
1789:
1768:
1715:
1699:
1695:
1653:
1591:
1580:
1512:
1478:
came from the name ("Chobei") of the owner of a vegetable stand (
1389:
1321:
1139:
932:
778:
774:
432:
363:
362:
gold medalists. Gustafsson would tell Swedish television "One is
109:
3952:"Sreesanth: Former India bowler banned for life for spot-fixing"
3876:
3601:"Remembering Argentina 1978: The Dirtiest World Cup Of All Time"
2670:
2136:(attempts to manipulate a match score based on the point spread)
1777:, most matches have predetermined results; however, as it is an
781:
have erupted in prominent sports leagues in Portugal, Germany (
27:
Collusion to secretly predetermine the outcome of a sports match
5231:
3694:"Pakistan embroiled in no-ball betting scandal against England"
2503:
Making the majors: The transformation of team sports in America
2003:
1968:
1793:
1788:, moving away from actual competition. The "worked", known as "
1408:
290:
4071:"Sri Lanka police calls off 2011 World Cup final fixing probe"
3202:"Days Gone By: Earp's controversial call gets upheld in court"
3026:"NBA owners pass lottery reform, new rules on resting players"
1918:
The most infamous example of this strategy came when champion
895:
Another example took place on the next-to-last weekend of the
5191:
4851:
4676:
4651:"Do Fantasy Sports Spell The End Of Corruption In Athletics?"
4042:"ICC rubbishes allegations of match-fixing in 2011 World Cup"
1959:
1584:
1421:
eight members of the Chicago White Sox threw the World Series
936:
444:
85:
2387:
1630:
were fined for revealing information about the 'weather' to
1220:
decisions that increase the contenders' chances of winning.
715:, the governing body of both the AFL and the overall sport.
5871:
4836:
2782:"Olympics badminton: Eight women disqualified from doubles"
2273:"Did Ron Wilson admit Capitals GM told him to tank season?"
2227:"Coyotes GM admits tanking for shot at McDavid last season"
1873:
to take wagers on the games as evidence of its legitimacy.
1752:
1563:
The sumo association appears to make a distinction between
1530:
1507:
1415:
also became plagued by match fixing despite efforts by the
1397:
1358:
1286:
1052:
1048:
923:, which sparked a riot after being played twice to a draw.
885:
599: but that doing so is the smartest course of action.
5227:
Special Investigation Service of the Republic of Lithuania
3755:"Salman Butt and Pakistan bowlers jailed for no-ball plot"
1652:, involving members of Pakistan team deliberately bowling
1191:) voted to expel Somerset from that season's competition.
819:
326:
A more recent example of possible tanking occurred in the
3172:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. pp. 236–237.
1858:
1838:
5424:
International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities
3879:"Winning Isn't Everything: Corruption in Sumo Wrestling"
2730:"Cashman: Yankees "conceded" 2010 AL East title to Rays"
1826:
in 1948, wrestling continued to have legitimacy issues.
1435:'s first acts was to ban all involved players for life.
1267:
3922:"England beat Pakistan in tarnished Test to win series"
3530:
Larceny Games: Sports Gambling, Game Fixing and the FBI
2065:
was also convicted of having partaken in match fixing.
1404:
was also dogged by race fixing throughout its history.
1369:
has allowed such speculation to play out in real time.
884:
advised viewers to switch off their sets. As a result,
563:
in their quarterfinal en route to the gold medal match.
30:"Throwing the game" redirects here. For the album, see
1300:, who in 2009 admitted that while he was playing with
1107:, whether these be the result of a much stronger team
1002:
angrily accused the 49ers of "laying down like dogs."
5221:
Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program
5180:
Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)
2096:
Convention on the Manipulation of Sports Competitions
1296:
One such attempt was described by retired footballer
1138:
Tie-breaking rules played the central role in one of
5162:
Anti-corruption and Economic Malpractice Observatory
2147:(attempts to manipulate certain portions of a match)
1115:, needing to win by eleven goals to qualify for the
755:
342:
in the last pool match for both teams. Sweden coach
232:
There may be financial gain through agreements with
5363:
Citizen's Charter and Grievance Redressal Bill 2011
1384:were almost constantly dealing with allegations of
1348:
Effect of non-gambling-motivated fixing on wagering
825:sort of match fixing in the modern era occurred in
4237:"The Quirks Of Gambling On Professional Wrestling"
3877:MARK DUGGAN AND STEVEN D. LEVITT (December 2002).
3720:
3575:
3472:"First NFL postgame prayer circle: 25 years later"
3110:
2068:
1954:, which was also one of Stempel's favorite films.
1174:. In that event, the tie-breaker would be bowling
4400:"Encyclopedia of Television – Quiz Show Scandals"
3983:"Kerala High Court restores Sreesanth's life ban"
2671:Georgina Turner and Will Roberts (14 July 2004).
2530:
1887:In the 1950s, the producers of several televised
888:changed its tournament scheduling for subsequent
398:– on the ice, and failed to put a shot on goal. (
5905:
4290:
4100:"India: Police rumble fake 'IPL' cricket league"
3498:"Italy Is Shocked — Shocked! — by Talk of a Fix"
3262:
3260:
2701:
1991:Match fixing controversies have also emerged in
5632:2012 Olympics women's doubles disqualifications
4322:
4265:
4234:
3630:Bungs and bribes football can't kick this habit
3269:"What's the dodgiest game in football history?"
1318:in 2010, Pakistani cricket players were accused
947:were in last place and were already officially
927:Intentional loss to prejudice third-party rival
585:Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association
5331:Central Steering Committee for Anti-Corruption
5198:Fiji Independent Commission Against Corruption
5129:UNCAC Coalition of Civil Society Organisations
4190:
4188:
3054:
2431:
2429:
2388:Staff and agencies in London (1 August 2012).
2302:
1822:of the 1920s. Even after the formation of the
1567:(the payment of money to secure a result) and
1462:
1035:
5522:
4692:
4394:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4386:
3792:International Journal of the History of Sport
3782:
3345:
3257:
2490:Likaista peliä ja rahaa, Voima 9/2017 page.30
1698:, India, that had been running a fictitious,
676:. As a result of this, the NBA established a
5614:2009 Melbourne Football Club tanking scandal
5434:United Nations Convention against Corruption
5414:Inter-American Convention Against Corruption
4354:
4330:"Good, Honest Football: Re-Watching the XFL"
3852:"The Fix Was in for Ancient Wrestling Match"
2897:
2895:
2555:
2553:
2031:. Major scandals have included those of the
1967:. The investigation similarly revealed that
323:championship game from the Eastern bracket.
5862:2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal
5472:Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity
5307:Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission
5151:Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission
4185:
3440:"After the Fall, Mixed Feelings for Giants"
3139:"Porto chief up on referee bribery charges"
2970:. New York: Daily News, L.P. Archived from
2426:
1502:stablemaster) with whom he played the game
768:
247:conspired with gamblers to fix that year’s
221:
5573:1946 NFL Championship Game bribery scandal
5529:
5515:
5319:National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine
5215:Corruption Prevention and Combating Bureau
4699:
4685:
4383:
3849:
3495:
3320:
3267:Booth, Lawrence; Smyth, Rob (2004-08-11).
3266:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2365:"Olympic Ideal Takes Beating in Badminton"
2224:
2116:List of cricketers banned for match fixing
1648:of England contained several incidents of
1005:
511:saw two examples of tanking of this type:
5536:
3980:
3227:
2995:"25 drafts, dozens of stars, one Michael"
2901:
2892:
2550:
2270:
2163:
1762:
1742:In 2006 the European football powerhouse
1734:had already concluded at the end of May.
1664:and two other players were banned by the
268:
240:of 1919, in which several members of the
193:
5249:Independent Corrupt Practices Commission
4494:
4432:
4298:"Xfl Bets On Gambling To Bring Out Fans"
3785:"Match-fixing: a historical perspective"
2195:
1975:—had instructed the show's producers to
1214:
625:
5291:Sierra Leone Anti-corruption Commission
5156:Anti-Corruption Commission (Bangladesh)
4524:
3839:. Oxford University Press. p. 414.
3161:
3159:
3036:from the original on September 29, 2017
2861:
2848:
1957:The cancellation of the competing quiz
1737:
1722:, a sound-alike of cricket commentator
820:Match fixing to a draw or a fixed score
787:Brazilian football match-fixing scandal
14:
5906:
5578:2005 Mobile Bowl point shaving scandal
5379:Freedom of information laws by country
5296:Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau
4404:The Museum of Broadcast Communications
4208:
4206:
4129:"Calciopoli Scandal That Rocked Italy"
3891:from the original on 20 December 2005.
3837:The Oxford Handbook of Organized Crime
3749:
3747:
3700:from the original on 27 September 2016
3598:
3565:
3437:
3419:from the original on February 13, 2011
3404:
2992:
2880:from the original on February 24, 2015
2702:Wallace Matthews (February 19, 2012).
2673:"Was Zidane the first on-pitch puker?"
2613:
2499:
2362:
2350:from the original on 28 September 2022
2337:
2170:
1423:. In an effort to restore confidence,
1127:by a score of 12–1 on the strength of
856:A more recent example occurred in the
672:, which would eventually produce four
319:, no Western team has advanced to the
178:), tanking is known as "sandbagging".
5736:2013 IPL spot-fixing and betting case
5683:1961 NCAA basketball gambling scandal
5510:
5243:Anti-Corruption Commission of Myanmar
5185:Commission Against Corruption (Macau)
5114:International Anti-Corruption Academy
4680:
4661:from the original on 25 November 2015
4428:
4426:
4424:
4159:"FIFA Suspends Choi for Match Fixing"
4139:from the original on 2 September 2022
3981:Gollapudi, Nagraj (18 October 2017).
3901:
3834:
3830:
3828:
3718:
3691:
3526:
3245:from the original on October 31, 2014
3235:"Asserts He Fixed the Sharkey "Foul""
3212:from the original on October 24, 2014
3193:
3119:from the original on January 13, 2023
3023:
3005:from the original on January 23, 2012
2961:
2902:Bonesteel, Matt (February 25, 2015).
2788:from the original on 3 September 2012
2740:from the original on December 1, 2022
2710:from the original on December 1, 2022
2647:VOI - Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan
2493:
2402:from the original on 28 November 2022
2285:from the original on 29 November 2021
2248:
1666:Board of Control for Cricket in India
1486:. Created from the first syllable of
1268:Individual performance in team sports
810:Heavyweight Championship of the World
427:tournament contested by countries in
5811:1969 Black Mist Scandal (flat track)
5751:2018 Sri Lankan cricket match fixing
5596:Match fixing in association football
5462:2012 Indian anti-corruption movement
5457:2011 Indian anti-corruption movement
5238:Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission
5168:National Anti-Corruption Observatory
4437:. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
4278:from the original on 1 November 2014
4247:from the original on 1 November 2014
3993:from the original on 9 February 2019
3656:from the original on 4 November 2016
3199:
3165:
3156:
2465:
2106:Match fixing in association football
1510:wrestler "Kashiwado Sogoro" (former
36:
5384:The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013
5279:National Anticorruption Directorate
5273:Anti-Corruption General Directorate
4605:from the original on 12 August 2023
4495:Sandomir, Richard (23 April 2017).
4203:
3858:from the original on April 20, 2014
3744:
3611:from the original on 28 August 2020
3547:from the original on 12 August 2023
3111:Athletic NHL staff (Dec 22, 2022).
2468:The Fix: Soccer and Organized Crime
2371:. London, England, United Kingdom.
2319:International Ice Hockey Federation
2249:Wolff, Alexander (30 August 1993).
2236:from the original on 12 August 2023
2130:(both teams combined score betting)
1899:, the sponsor of the new quiz show
1691:in 2020 due to a lack of evidence.
1545:with a losing record (7–8 or worse)
1232:bought a more profitable team, the
1045:2004 European Football Championship
495:; the Yankees instead defeated the
491:, who at the time had star pitcher
24:
5109:Group of States Against Corruption
4631:from the original on 19 April 2023
4421:
4173:from the original on 18 April 2021
3904:"Sumo Through the Wrestlers' Eyes"
3825:
3169:Prizefighting: An American History
3024:Helin, Kurt (September 28, 2017).
2918:from the original on April 2, 2015
2862:Kreager, Tom (February 23, 2015).
2447:from the original on 19 April 2023
2212:from the original on 7 August 2020
281:(NBA) is the only one of the four
25:
5935:
5844:2004 Rugby League betting scandal
5726:2010 Pakistan spot-fixing scandal
5285:Investigative Committee of Russia
4194:
4133:BBC Sports Reporter Shamoon Hafez
3932:from the original on 1 April 2020
3821:from the original on 29 May 2020.
3533:. Feral House. pp. 180–181.
3508:from the original on 19 June 2012
3063:from the original on May 29, 2023
2836:from the original on 2 April 2022
2683:from the original on 22 June 2012
2614:Farber, Michael (March 6, 2006).
2375:from the original on 9 March 2023
2325:from the original on 30 July 2018
1453:Match-fixing in professional sumo
1226:1899 Major League Baseball season
1202:
1131:second half goals. Especially in
756:More favorable schedule next year
636:Most top-level sports leagues in
547:intentionally played a draw with
472:2010 Major League Baseball season
283:major professional sports leagues
5746:2017 PSL spot-fixing controversy
5716:Betting controversies in cricket
5477:Russian anti-corruption campaign
5467:Anti-austerity movement in Spain
5374:Foreign Extortion Prevention Act
4266:Barry Petchesky (15 July 2013).
4235:Barry Petchesky (5 April 2011).
3884:. THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW.
3407:"Can't blame 'em for not trying"
3346:Ponce de LeĂłn, R. (2000-05-01).
3200:Rego, Nilda (January 24, 2010).
2704:"Cashman: OK, we tanked in 2010"
2338:Bieler, Des (24 February 2015).
2271:Wyshynski, Greg (2 March 2015).
2196:Aldridge, David (5 March 2018).
2183:from the original on 15 May 2023
2171:Bieler, Des (21 February 2018).
2033:iBuyPower and NetcodeGuides.com
1998:Counter-Strike: Global Offensive
1194:
1142:'s more notorious matches. In a
301:, since the introduction of the
228:Match fixing related to gambling
135:Match fixing, when motivated by
41:
5678:1951 CCNY point-shaving scandal
5313:Servicio de Vigilancia Aduanera
5174:National Supervisory Commission
4643:
4617:
4585:
4574:from the original on 2019-08-28
4556:
4545:from the original on 2019-10-10
4518:
4507:from the original on 2022-01-12
4488:
4477:from the original on 2018-10-08
4459:
4410:from the original on 2014-05-23
4372:from the original on 2017-03-21
4342:from the original on 2017-02-22
4310:from the original on 2017-03-12
4259:
4228:
4220:. 25 March 1991. Archived from
4151:
4121:
4110:from the original on 2022-07-11
4092:
4063:
4052:from the original on 2021-04-11
4034:
4023:from the original on 2021-04-11
4005:
3974:
3962:from the original on 2014-09-12
3944:
3914:
3895:
3870:
3843:
3776:
3765:from the original on 2018-10-30
3733:from the original on 2022-01-12
3712:
3685:
3668:
3642:
3623:
3592:
3559:
3527:Tuohy, Brian (16 August 2013).
3520:
3489:
3464:
3431:
3398:
3387:from the original on 2020-11-05
3369:
3358:from the original on 2020-11-05
3339:
3314:
3290:
3279:from the original on 2013-12-14
3241:. August 14, 1905. p. 11.
3131:
3104:
3093:from the original on 2015-04-02
3075:
3048:
3017:
2993:DuPree, David (June 25, 2007).
2986:
2955:
2944:from the original on 2019-09-18
2930:
2822:
2814:. 1 August 2012. Archived from
2800:
2774:
2766:. 1 August 2012. Archived from
2752:
2722:
2695:
2664:
2653:from the original on 2022-03-10
2635:
2607:
2596:from the original on 2022-04-04
2578:
2539:from the original on 2012-08-09
2206:National Basketball Association
2069:Protection against manipulation
1913:Barry & Enright Productions
1275:National Basketball Association
1189:England and Wales Cricket Board
279:National Basketball Association
5880:2011 sumo match fixing scandal
5721:2000 South Africa match fixing
5688:1978–79 Boston College scandal
5550:List of match-fixing incidents
5261:Investigation Task Force Sweep
5255:National Accountability Bureau
4727:Corruption in local government
4715:Corruption in different fields
4706:
3566:Winner, David (21 June 2008).
3405:Miller, Ira (March 31, 2004).
3055:John Hollinger (Oct 7, 2022).
2524:
2484:
2459:
2416:
2101:List of match fixing incidents
1516:: "Kyonosato") and now was a "
1427:established the office of the
808:boxing match, promoted as the
744:, were projected to enter the
13:
1:
5821:2013 Federated Auto Parts 400
5650:1877 Louisville Grays scandal
5568:1906 Canton–Massillon scandal
5369:Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
5267:Central Anticorruption Bureau
4525:Godfrey, Chris (2018-07-31).
3804:10.1080/09523367.2018.1476341
3692:Marks, Vic (29 August 2010).
3599:Hersey, Will (14 June 2018).
2962:Bondy, Filip (May 22, 2005).
2586:"FAQ: NBA Play-In Tournament"
2363:Kelson, Ben (1 August 2012).
2156:
1876:
1816:had its own legitimacy issues
1689:International Cricket Council
1342:International Cricket Council
1252:; between 2010 and 2015, the
1185:Test and County Cricket Board
789:) and the United States (see
482:were in a tight race for the
5429:OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
5419:International asset recovery
5203:Central Vigilance Commission
4758:Corruption Perceptions Index
4077:. 2020-07-03. Archived from
3696:. London: The Observer, UK.
3438:Litsky, Frank (1988-12-19).
1685:2011 Cricket World Cup Final
1537:. For example, wrestlers in
1187:(predecessor to the current
796:On December 2, 1896, former
7:
5698:2021 Heroes–Mystics scandal
5487:2017–2019 Romanian protests
4135:. bbc.com. 5 October 2019.
3850:Owen Jarus (Apr 17, 2014).
3679:September 17, 2009, at the
3639:(retrieved 12 October 2011)
3496:Andrew Das (18 June 2012).
2560:Sieff, Kevin (2013-10-16).
2533:"The race that was rigged?"
2084:
1833:well into the 1980s, until
1824:National Wrestling Alliance
1569:koi-ni-yatta mukiryoku zumo
1043:An example occurred in the
1036:Abuse of tie-breaking rules
541:women's football tournament
202:it has also been linked to
54:to comply with Knowledge's
10:
5940:
5492:2017–2018 Russian protests
5124:Transparency International
5099:Global Financial Integrity
3719:Hoult, Nick (2016-07-12).
2531:Martin Williamson (2010).
2321:(IIHF). 25 December 2011.
2043:—the practice of wagering
1995:, including in particular
1986:
1880:
1839:World Wrestling Federation
1766:
1732:2022 Indian Premier League
1574:
1450:
1392:to lose a competition and
1372:
1209:AS Adema 149–0 SO l'Emyrne
1170:defeated the then-winless
695:, the main competition of
693:Australian Football League
629:
534:Badminton World Federation
470:In the final month of the
225:
29:
5893:List of sporting scandals
5888:
5870:
5852:
5834:
5816:2008 Singapore Grand Prix
5801:
5783:
5759:
5731:2012 IPL spot-fixing case
5706:
5668:
5640:
5622:
5606:Australian rules football
5604:
5586:
5558:
5545:
5452:2011 Azerbaijani protests
5442:
5402:
5353:
5344:
5137:
5091:
5082:
5037:
4939:
4929:Offshore financial centre
4780:
4771:
4750:
4732:Interest group corruption
4714:
3383:. Barcelona. 2012-07-11.
3321:Chris Hunt (2014-06-03).
2225:Gold-Smith, Josh (2016).
1948:. The correct answer was
1841:, convinced the state of
1463:
1149:in England's now-defunct
870:the last match of group B
697:Australian rules football
32:Throwing the Game (album)
5919:Organized crime activity
5693:2007 NBA betting scandal
5394:Whistleblower protection
4882:Cryptocurrency and crime
4214:"Wrestling with Success"
2832:. Yahoo. 1 August 2012.
2508:Harvard University Press
2500:Leifer, Eric M. (1998).
1672:upheld the ban in 2017.
1646:summer 2010 cricket tour
1446:
1429:Commissioner of Baseball
1250:Canadian Football League
976:National Football League
769:Match fixing by referees
299:Canadian Football League
222:Agreements with gamblers
67:may contain suggestions.
52:may need to be rewritten
5793:2006 Operation Slapshot
5660:1969 Black Mist Scandal
4763:Economics of corruption
4433:Anderson, Kent (1978).
3835:Paoli, Letizia (2014).
3412:San Francisco Chronicle
2874:Murfreesboro, Tennessee
2317:. ZĂĽrich, Switzerland:
2111:Match fixing in cricket
1433:Kenesaw Mountain Landis
1320:of committing specific
1228:when the owners of the
1151:Benson & Hedges Cup
1006:Increased gate receipts
990:, thereby knocking the
961:fierce cross-town rival
921:1909 Scottish Cup Final
806:Fitzsimmons vs. Sharkey
777:. Since 2004, separate
699:, has used a system of
412:. Canada would lose to
354:gold medalists, or the
5826:2019 Ford EcoBoost 400
5655:1919 Black Sox scandal
5389:UK Bribery Act of 2010
5145:Oficina AnticorrupciĂłn
4894:Noble cause corruption
4751:Measures of corruption
4306:. Tribune Publishing.
4017:The New Indian Express
3783:Huggins, Mike (2018).
3239:The San Francisco Call
3166:Lang, Arne K. (2008).
3141:. ESPN. Archived from
2869:The Daily News Journal
2784:. BBC. 1 August 2012.
2311:"Forsberg file closed"
1940:was the winner of the
1922:was to be replaced by
1800:, and, more recently,
1775:professional wrestling
1763:Professional wrestling
1720:artificial crowd noise
1506:, who had once been a
1133:international football
724:National Hockey League
328:ice hockey competition
269:Better playoff chances
194:Motivations and causes
146:Match fixing includes
5741:2013 BPL match fixing
5119:Mo Ibrahim Foundation
4899:Professional courtesy
4862:Honest services fraud
4593:"The Washington Post"
3902:Gould, Chris (2011).
2736:. February 19, 2012.
2466:Hill, Declan (2008).
1973:The $ 64,000 Question
1908:The $ 64,000 Question
1813:Major League Baseball
1746:drew a match against
1704:Indian Premier League
1658:Indian Premier League
1451:Further information:
1425:Major League Baseball
1382:ancient Olympic Games
1215:Conflicts of interest
1091:was not covered (see
626:Better draft position
439:finished on top with
214:. In Eastern Europe,
5588:Association football
5083:Institutions dealing
4817:Conflict of interest
4742:Political corruption
1847:sports entertainment
1738:Association football
1241:major sports leagues
1172:Minor Counties South
1109:running up the score
746:2015 NHL Entry Draft
701:priority draft picks
674:Hall of Fame players
602:For example, during
581:Blackman High School
509:2012 Summer Olympics
484:American League East
344:Bengt-Ă…ke Gustafsson
332:2006 Winter Olympics
104:, or more generally
4924:Offshore investment
4657:. 22 October 2015.
4598:The Washington Post
4224:on 23 October 2009.
3001:. Gannett Co. Inc.
2912:The Washington Post
2251:"Winning by Losing"
1946:28th Academy Awards
1928:Columbia University
1608:Mohammed Azharuddin
1234:St. Louis Perfectos
1097:1978 FIFA World Cup
980:San Francisco 49ers
858:1982 FIFA World Cup
839:the Football League
791:Tim Donaghy scandal
666:1983–84 season
577:Smyrna High Schools
423:– an international
406:Washington Generals
251:for monetary gain.
5325:Warioba Commission
5263:(Papua New Guinea)
5007:Regulatory capture
4812:Commercial bribery
4501:The New York Times
4218:Sports Illustrated
4046:The Indian Express
3928:. 29 August 2010.
3854:. Discovery News.
3635:2018-06-13 at the
3568:"A dangerous game"
3444:The New York Times
2621:Sports Illustrated
2510:. pp. 88–89.
2369:The New York Times
2256:Sports Illustrated
1883:Quiz show scandals
1802:mixed martial arts
1298:Matthew Le Tissier
1260:were owned by the
783:Bundesliga scandal
720:2014–15 NHL season
680:in advance of the
401:Sports Illustrated
256:Tripoli Grand Prix
5901:
5900:
5560:American football
5504:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5340:
5339:
5078:
5077:
5055:Election security
5002:Political scandal
4737:Police corruption
4169:. 16 March 2012.
3652:. November 2013.
3030:ProBasketballTalk
2818:on 2 August 2012.
2770:on 7 August 2012.
2010:League of Legends
1937:On the Waterfront
1924:Charles Van Doren
1855:American football
1798:amateur wrestling
1757:Korean League Cup
1683:alleged that the
1675:In July 2017, ex-
1670:Kerala High Court
1367:betting exchanges
1258:Toronto Argonauts
1230:Cleveland Spiders
941:1999–2000 La Liga
729:junior ice hockey
709:Melbourne in 2009
388:Daniel Alfredsson
245:Chicago White Sox
238:Black Sox Scandal
82:
81:
56:quality standards
16:(Redirected from
5931:
5774:Bold Personality
5531:
5524:
5517:
5508:
5507:
5351:
5350:
5089:
5088:
5070:Vote suppression
4957:Crony capitalism
4887:Hawala and crime
4877:Money laundering
4857:Graft (politics)
4837:Confidence trick
4778:
4777:
4772:Forms or aspects
4701:
4694:
4687:
4678:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4463:
4457:
4456:
4430:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4396:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4326:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4315:
4303:Orlando Sentinel
4294:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4232:
4226:
4225:
4210:
4201:
4200:
4192:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4067:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4019:. 18 June 2020.
4009:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3883:
3874:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3832:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3798:(2–3): 123–140.
3789:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3751:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3724:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3689:
3683:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3646:
3640:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3579:
3574:. Archived from
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3524:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3264:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3217:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3163:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3115:. The Athletic.
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3059:. The Athletic.
3052:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2899:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2859:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2562:"Game, Set, Fix"
2557:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2441:Gambling Insider
2433:
2424:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2292:
2290:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2167:
1971:—the sponsor of
1681:Arjuna Ranatunga
1679:cricket captain
1468:
1466:
1465:
988:Los Angeles Rams
878:Eberhard Stanjek
847:Blackburn Rovers
843:Newcastle United
632:Tanking (sports)
598:
594:
515:Members of four
476:New York Yankees
449:Ho Chi Minh City
392:Nicklas Lidström
77:
74:
68:
45:
37:
21:
5939:
5938:
5934:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5928:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5884:
5866:
5848:
5830:
5797:
5779:
5755:
5702:
5664:
5636:
5618:
5600:
5582:
5554:
5541:
5535:
5505:
5496:
5444:
5438:
5406:
5404:
5398:
5355:
5346:Anti-corruption
5336:
5133:
5085:with corruption
5084:
5074:
5050:Electoral fraud
5045:Ballot stuffing
5033:
4935:
4773:
4767:
4746:
4722:Corporate crime
4710:
4705:
4675:
4674:
4664:
4662:
4649:
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4634:
4632:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4608:
4606:
4601:. 30 May 2016.
4591:
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4250:
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4233:
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4212:
4211:
4204:
4193:
4186:
4176:
4174:
4167:The Korea Times
4163:The Korea Times
4157:
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4142:
4140:
4127:
4126:
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4113:
4111:
4098:
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4075:Hindustan Times
4069:
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4011:
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3753:
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3736:
3734:
3717:
3713:
3703:
3701:
3690:
3686:
3681:Wayback Machine
3673:
3669:
3659:
3657:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3637:Wayback Machine
3628:
3624:
3614:
3612:
3597:
3593:
3583:
3581:
3572:Financial Times
3564:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3541:
3525:
3521:
3511:
3509:
3494:
3490:
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3465:
3456:
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3422:
3420:
3403:
3399:
3390:
3388:
3381:Mundo Deportivo
3375:
3374:
3370:
3361:
3359:
3344:
3340:
3331:
3329:
3327:fourfourtwo.com
3319:
3315:
3306:
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3296:
3295:
3291:
3282:
3280:
3265:
3258:
3248:
3246:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3215:
3213:
3206:Inside Bay Area
3198:
3194:
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3182:
3180:
3164:
3157:
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3146:
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3136:
3132:
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3109:
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3096:
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3049:
3039:
3037:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2974:on May 25, 2024
2968:NYDailyNews.com
2960:
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2823:
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2791:
2789:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2764:Washington Post
2758:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2734:Tampa Bay Times
2728:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2711:
2700:
2696:
2686:
2684:
2669:
2665:
2656:
2654:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2616:"Swede Success"
2612:
2608:
2599:
2597:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2568:
2566:Washington Post
2559:
2558:
2551:
2542:
2540:
2529:
2525:
2518:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2464:
2460:
2450:
2448:
2437:"Fixers beware"
2435:
2434:
2427:
2421:
2417:
2405:
2403:
2395:TheGuardian.com
2378:
2376:
2353:
2351:
2344:Washington Post
2328:
2326:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2288:
2286:
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2259:
2239:
2237:
2215:
2213:
2186:
2184:
2177:Washington Post
2168:
2164:
2159:
2123:Organized crime
2087:
2071:
1989:
1920:Herbert Stempel
1885:
1879:
1837:, owner of the
1786:admitted fakery
1771:
1765:
1740:
1718:, and utilized
1702:version of the
1577:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1417:National League
1375:
1350:
1270:
1217:
1205:
1197:
1057:goal difference
1038:
1026:New York Giants
1008:
992:New York Giants
929:
897:1992–93 Serie A
822:
771:
758:
634:
628:
596:
592:
497:Minnesota Twins
461:Mursyid Effendi
303:cross-over rule
271:
230:
224:
216:organized crime
196:
92:(also known as
78:
72:
69:
59:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5937:
5927:
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5813:
5807:
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5304:
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5288:
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5148:
5141:
5139:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5104:Global Witness
5101:
5095:
5093:
5086:
5080:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5060:Gerrymandering
5057:
5052:
5047:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4977:Ghost soldiers
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4932:
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4906:
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4859:
4854:
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4827:
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4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4790:
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4782:
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4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4711:
4704:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4681:
4673:
4672:
4642:
4616:
4584:
4570:. 2015-01-16.
4555:
4517:
4487:
4473:. 2014-12-10.
4458:
4443:
4420:
4382:
4353:
4338:. 2014-09-18.
4321:
4289:
4258:
4227:
4202:
4184:
4150:
4120:
4106:. 2022-07-11.
4091:
4062:
4048:. 2020-07-04.
4033:
4004:
3973:
3958:. 2013-09-13.
3943:
3913:
3894:
3869:
3842:
3824:
3775:
3743:
3711:
3684:
3667:
3641:
3622:
3591:
3558:
3539:
3519:
3502:New York Times
3488:
3463:
3430:
3397:
3368:
3338:
3313:
3289:
3275:. Manchester.
3256:
3226:
3192:
3179:978-0786436545
3178:
3155:
3130:
3103:
3074:
3047:
3016:
2985:
2954:
2940:. 2015-12-21.
2929:
2891:
2847:
2821:
2799:
2773:
2751:
2721:
2694:
2663:
2634:
2606:
2577:
2549:
2523:
2517:978-0674543317
2516:
2492:
2483:
2476:
2458:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2385:
2360:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2268:
2246:
2222:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2142:
2140:Sports betting
2137:
2131:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2086:
2083:
2070:
2067:
2035:Counter-Strike
1988:
1985:
1881:Main article:
1878:
1875:
1820:Gold Dust Trio
1767:Main article:
1764:
1761:
1739:
1736:
1583:. In 2000 the
1576:
1573:
1448:
1445:
1402:Chariot racing
1374:
1371:
1349:
1346:
1308:match against
1306:Premier League
1302:Southampton FC
1269:
1266:
1216:
1213:
1204:
1203:Protest action
1201:
1196:
1193:
1159:Worcestershire
1037:
1034:
1007:
1004:
928:
925:
821:
818:
770:
767:
757:
754:
750:Buffalo Sabres
738:Connor McDavid
713:AFL Commission
630:Main article:
627:
624:
608:Czech Republic
565:
564:
537:
480:Tampa Bay Rays
429:Southeast Asia
421:1998 Tiger Cup
380:Peter Forsberg
356:Czech Republic
270:
267:
226:Main article:
223:
220:
195:
192:
188:nine-ball pool
118:sports bettors
80:
79:
73:September 2021
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5936:
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5841:
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5812:
5809:
5808:
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5794:
5791:
5790:
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5771:
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5752:
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5709:
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5647:
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5643:
5639:
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5630:
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5627:
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5615:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5603:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
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5566:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5539:
5532:
5527:
5525:
5520:
5518:
5513:
5512:
5509:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5441:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5403:International
5401:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5343:
5332:
5329:
5326:
5323:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5309:(South Korea)
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5280:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5222:
5219:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5193:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5136:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5092:International
5090:
5087:
5081:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5024:State capture
5022:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4967:Elite capture
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4774:of corruption
4770:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4697:
4695:
4690:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4630:
4626:
4620:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4594:
4588:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4521:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4491:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4444:9780313389467
4440:
4436:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4357:
4341:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4325:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4262:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4231:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4209:
4207:
4199:. p. 45.
4198:
4191:
4189:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4095:
4081:on 2021-04-11
4080:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4037:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4008:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3977:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3947:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3838:
3831:
3829:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3786:
3779:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3748:
3732:
3728:
3727:The Telegraph
3723:
3715:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3655:
3651:
3645:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3626:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3595:
3580:on 2022-12-11
3578:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3546:
3542:
3540:9781936239788
3536:
3532:
3531:
3523:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3492:
3477:
3473:
3467:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3434:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3401:
3386:
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3145:on 2011-04-27
3144:
3140:
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3118:
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3092:
3088:
3084:
3078:
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3058:
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3040:September 29,
3035:
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2812:National Post
2809:
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2477:9780771041389
2473:
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2235:
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2231:theScore Inc.
2228:
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2203:
2199:
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2182:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2134:Point shaving
2132:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
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2082:
2079:
2077:
2076:Genius Sports
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2041:skin gambling
2038:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1944:award at the
1943:
1939:
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1929:
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1910:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:known as the
1860:
1856:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1835:Vince McMahon
1832:
1831:United States
1827:
1825:
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1810:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1795:
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1725:
1724:Harsha Bhogle
1721:
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1609:
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1601:
1597:
1596:Hansie Cronje
1593:
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1589:South African
1586:
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1572:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1482:) during the
1481:
1477:
1472:
1459:
1454:
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1440:
1436:
1434:
1431:, and one of
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:point spreads
1360:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:Mohammad Amir
1335:
1334:Mohammad Asif
1331:
1327:
1326:Mazhar Majeed
1323:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1292:
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1255:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1237:
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1231:
1227:
1221:
1212:
1210:
1200:
1195:Prize sharing
1192:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:ahead of the
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1093:point shaving
1090:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1033:
1031:
1030:John T. Brush
1027:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
974:Similarly, a
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
939:, during the
938:
934:
924:
922:
918:
913:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
883:
882:Robert Seeger
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
817:
813:
811:
807:
804:refereed the
803:
799:
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792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
766:
762:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
734:
733:minor leagues
730:
725:
721:
716:
714:
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702:
698:
694:
689:
685:
683:
679:
678:draft lottery
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
647:
643:
639:
638:North America
633:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
600:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
513:
512:
510:
505:
502:
501:Brian Cashman
498:
494:
490:
489:Texas Rangers
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
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430:
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411:
407:
403:
402:
397:
396:Fredrik Modin
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
334:. In Pool B,
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
313:
312:East Division
308:
304:
300:
295:
292:
288:
287:United States
284:
280:
275:
266:
263:
261:
260:Achille Varzi
257:
252:
250:
246:
243:
239:
235:
229:
219:
217:
213:
212:tax avoidance
209:
205:
201:
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
159:
157:
153:
149:
148:point shaving
144:
142:
138:
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:sports fixing
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:In organized
76:
66:
62:
57:
53:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5914:Match fixing
5836:Rugby league
5761:Horse racing
5538:Match-fixing
5537:
5234:(Madagascar)
5158:(Bangladesh)
5065:Vote pairing
5017:Rent-setting
5012:Rent-seeking
4972:Failed state
4872:Match fixing
4871:
4842:Embezzlement
4821:Corporation
4793:Black market
4663:. Retrieved
4654:
4645:
4633:. Retrieved
4619:
4607:. Retrieved
4596:
4587:
4576:. Retrieved
4567:
4558:
4547:. Retrieved
4531:The Guardian
4530:
4520:
4509:. Retrieved
4500:
4490:
4479:. Retrieved
4470:
4461:
4434:
4412:. Retrieved
4403:
4374:. Retrieved
4365:
4356:
4344:. Retrieved
4335:Mental Floss
4333:
4324:
4312:. Retrieved
4301:
4292:
4280:. Retrieved
4271:
4261:
4249:. Retrieved
4240:
4230:
4222:the original
4217:
4196:
4195:Thesz, Lou.
4175:. Retrieved
4162:
4153:
4141:. Retrieved
4132:
4123:
4112:. Retrieved
4103:
4094:
4083:. Retrieved
4079:the original
4074:
4065:
4054:. Retrieved
4045:
4036:
4025:. Retrieved
4016:
4007:
3995:. Retrieved
3989:. ESPN.com.
3987:ESPNcricinfo
3986:
3976:
3966:26 September
3964:. Retrieved
3955:
3946:
3934:. Retrieved
3925:
3916:
3907:
3897:
3872:
3860:. Retrieved
3845:
3836:
3795:
3791:
3778:
3767:. Retrieved
3758:
3735:. Retrieved
3726:
3714:
3702:. Retrieved
3687:
3670:
3658:. Retrieved
3644:
3625:
3613:. Retrieved
3604:
3594:
3582:. Retrieved
3577:the original
3571:
3561:
3549:. Retrieved
3529:
3522:
3510:. Retrieved
3501:
3491:
3480:. Retrieved
3478:. 2015-12-03
3475:
3466:
3455:. Retrieved
3443:
3433:
3423:November 23,
3421:. Retrieved
3410:
3400:
3389:. Retrieved
3380:
3371:
3360:. Retrieved
3351:
3341:
3330:. Retrieved
3326:
3316:
3305:. Retrieved
3302:www.fifa.com
3301:
3292:
3281:. Retrieved
3273:The Guardian
3272:
3247:. Retrieved
3238:
3229:
3221:
3214:. Retrieved
3205:
3195:
3183:. Retrieved
3168:
3147:. Retrieved
3143:the original
3133:
3123:December 23,
3121:. Retrieved
3106:
3095:. Retrieved
3086:
3077:
3065:. Retrieved
3050:
3038:. Retrieved
3029:
3019:
3007:. Retrieved
2998:
2988:
2976:. Retrieved
2972:the original
2967:
2957:
2946:. Retrieved
2932:
2920:. Retrieved
2907:
2884:February 23,
2882:. Retrieved
2867:
2838:. Retrieved
2824:
2816:the original
2811:
2802:
2790:. Retrieved
2776:
2768:the original
2763:
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2733:
2724:
2712:. Retrieved
2697:
2685:. Retrieved
2677:The Guardian
2676:
2666:
2655:. Retrieved
2646:
2637:
2625:. Retrieved
2619:
2609:
2598:. Retrieved
2589:
2580:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:
2541:. Retrieved
2526:
2502:
2495:
2486:
2467:
2461:
2449:. Retrieved
2440:
2418:
2404:. Retrieved
2393:
2377:. Retrieved
2368:
2352:. Retrieved
2343:
2327:. Retrieved
2314:
2304:
2294:
2287:. Retrieved
2278:Yahoo Sports
2276:
2260:. Retrieved
2254:
2238:. Retrieved
2214:. Retrieved
2201:
2185:. Retrieved
2176:
2165:
2080:
2072:
2058:StarCraft II
2056:
2044:
2034:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1980:
1972:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1949:
1942:Best Picture
1935:
1931:
1917:
1906:
1900:
1886:
1867:Attitude Era
1857:league with
1851:
1828:
1806:
1785:
1783:
1772:
1741:
1693:
1674:
1662:S. Sreesanth
1636:
1600:Saleem Malik
1578:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1555:
1549:
1538:
1535:Keisuke Itai
1528:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1484:Meiji period
1479:
1475:
1457:
1456:
1441:
1437:
1406:
1379:
1376:
1351:
1315:
1310:Wimbledon FC
1295:
1271:
1238:
1222:
1218:
1206:
1198:
1137:
1128:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1089:point spread
1082:
1077:Scandinavian
1042:
1039:
1018:
1013:World Series
1009:
973:
930:
914:
894:
862:West Germany
855:
823:
814:
795:
772:
763:
759:
717:
690:
686:
651:
635:
601:
597:hand —
589:
566:
549:South Africa
506:
469:
418:
399:
366:, the other
338:was to face
325:
302:
296:
276:
272:
264:
253:
249:World Series
231:
197:
160:
145:
134:
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:match fixing
89:
83:
70:
61:You can help
51:
18:Match-fixing
5770:Fine Cotton
5407:and efforts
5405:instruments
5356:enforcement
5298:(Singapore)
5211:(Indonesia)
5147:(Argentina)
5029:State crime
4987:Mafia state
4982:Kleptocracy
4947:Clientelism
4914:Tax evasion
4797:Grey market
4665:29 November
4568:Dot Esports
4366:www.pbs.org
3704:12 December
3615:4 September
3584:4 September
3551:4 September
3354:. Seville.
3249:October 31,
3222:Part 2 of 2
3216:October 24,
3185:October 30,
2792:13 February
2744:December 1,
2714:December 1,
2590:www.nba.com
2151:Team orders
2145:Spot-fixing
1809:Frank Gotch
1779:open secret
1744:Juventus FC
1708:floodlights
1650:spot fixing
1637:The fourth
1632:a bookmaker
1628:Shane Warne
1612:Ajay Jadeja
1494:, the word
1394:city-states
1330:Salman Butt
1316:Similarly,
1291:spot fixing
1279:Tim Donaghy
1262:same person
1245:salary caps
1176:strike rate
1123:, defeated
1121:Netherlands
996:Joe Montana
969:Frode Olsen
953:Real Oviedo
785:), Brazil (
742:Jack Eichel
616:Netherlands
593:run —
529:South Korea
519:teams from
410:Switzerland
384:Mats Sundin
317:2022 season
200:Declan Hill
152:spot-fixing
98:race fixing
94:game fixing
5924:Sports law
5908:Categories
5803:Motorsport
5785:Ice hockey
5670:Basketball
5482:Yo Soy 132
5327:(Tanzania)
5257:(Pakistan)
5170:(Cameroon)
4997:Plutocracy
4952:Coronelism
4909:Slush fund
4708:Corruption
4655:TechCrunch
4578:2019-11-04
4549:2019-11-04
4511:2018-11-21
4481:2018-11-21
4471:Boston.com
4414:2016-10-15
4376:2017-02-08
4282:1 November
4251:1 November
4114:2022-07-11
4085:2021-06-21
4056:2021-06-21
4027:2021-06-21
3997:7 February
3769:2016-08-11
3737:2016-08-11
3660:3 November
3482:2024-05-18
3457:2024-05-18
3391:2020-12-09
3362:2020-12-09
3332:2024-05-18
3307:2024-05-18
3283:2012-08-07
3149:2008-09-05
3097:2015-04-11
3067:October 7,
3009:August 22,
2978:August 22,
2948:2019-05-18
2908:Early Lead
2687:20 January
2679:. London.
2657:2022-03-10
2600:2022-03-10
2571:2023-09-07
2543:2012-08-09
2451:24 January
2157:References
2128:Over–under
1981:Twenty-One
1965:Twenty-One
1932:Twenty-One
1902:Twenty-One
1889:quiz shows
1877:Quiz shows
1871:bookmakers
1843:New Jersey
1643:Pakistan's
1624:Mark Waugh
1620:Australian
1388:accepting
1354:good faith
1283:over-under
1180:Brian Rose
1085:basketball
1000:Phil Simms
965:Real Betis
945:Sevilla FC
890:World Cups
851:relegation
831:Stoke City
802:Wyatt Earp
718:Until the
682:1985 draft
670:1984 draft
463:scored an
374:with five
368:the plague
204:corruption
186:, such as
184:cue sports
156:Sportradar
126:draft pick
114:bookmakers
5624:Badminton
5445:movements
5365:(pending)
5333:(Vietnam)
5321:(Ukraine)
5281:(Romania)
5275:(Romania)
5251:(Nigeria)
5245:(Myanmar)
5223:(Liberia)
5194:(Croatia)
5164:(Burundi)
5038:Elections
4919:Tax haven
4847:Extortion
4807:Collusion
4788:Baksheesh
4539:0261-3077
4453:652498304
4346:March 10,
4314:March 10,
3926:BBC Sport
3862:April 18,
3812:149742044
3452:0362-4331
2999:USA Today
2922:March 19,
2627:April 10,
2091:Bookmaker
2028:StarCraft
2016:Overwatch
1677:Sri Lanka
1660:in 2013,
1551:makushita
1519:toshiyori
1168:Glamorgan
1117:Euro 1984
1105:blow-outs
1103:value of
1047:. Unlike
1022:lame duck
949:relegated
642:Australia
604:Euro 2004
573:Riverdale
569:Nashville
525:Indonesia
517:badminton
493:Cliff Lee
457:Indonesia
437:Singapore
372:powerplay
172:grappling
122:blackmail
65:talk page
5642:Baseball
5540:scandals
5354:Laws and
5287:(Russia)
5269:(Poland)
5217:(Latvia)
5176:(China)
5138:National
4992:Nepotism
4962:Cronyism
4867:Kickback
4659:Archived
4629:Archived
4603:Archived
4572:Archived
4543:Archived
4505:Archived
4475:Archived
4408:Archived
4370:Archived
4340:Archived
4308:Archived
4276:Archived
4272:Deadspin
4245:Archived
4241:Deadspin
4177:18 April
4171:Archived
4143:18 April
4137:Archived
4108:Archived
4104:BBC News
4050:Archived
4021:Archived
3991:Archived
3960:Archived
3936:3 August
3930:Archived
3886:Archived
3856:Archived
3816:Archived
3763:Archived
3759:BBC News
3731:Archived
3698:Archived
3677:Archived
3654:Archived
3633:Archived
3609:Archived
3545:Archived
3506:Archived
3476:ESPN.com
3417:Archived
3385:Archived
3356:Archived
3277:Archived
3243:Archived
3210:Archived
3117:Archived
3091:Archived
3061:Archived
3034:Archived
3003:Archived
2942:Archived
2916:Archived
2878:Archived
2834:Archived
2786:Archived
2738:Archived
2708:Archived
2681:Archived
2651:Archived
2594:Archived
2537:Archived
2445:Archived
2400:Archived
2373:Archived
2348:Archived
2323:Archived
2315:IIHF.com
2283:Archived
2234:Archived
2210:Archived
2181:Archived
2085:See also
2022:Paladins
1712:Telegram
1654:no-balls
1622:players
1604:Pakistan
1594:captain
1500:Isenoumi
1471:Japanese
1413:Baseball
1386:athletes
1277:referee
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2187:30 July
2061:player
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1993:Esports
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1897:Geritol
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1769:Kayfabe
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1700:kayfabe
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3999:2019
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2980:2009
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2794:2018
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2716:2022
2689:2022
2629:2015
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2408:2018
2381:2018
2356:2018
2331:2018
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1753:FIFA
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