42:
480:
460:
if it is uncertain whether they deserve well or ill... He also states that the blessed are called in Greek εὐδαίμονες , because they are good souls, that is to say, good demons, confirming his opinion that the souls of men are demons."
298:
431:, writing about the subject a few centuries after most of the Latin pagan references to such spirits, differentiated Manes from other types of Roman spirits:
512:, literally "to the Manes", or figuratively, "to the spirits of the dead", an abbreviation that continued to appear even in Christian inscriptions.
41:
580:
291:
406:
591:, where offerings were made to the sky-deity, Iuppiter, but from the analogy of other primitive cults and the sacred title of the stone (
216:
51:
561:
in commentaries even in antiquity: "The 'flowing stone' … must not be confused with the stone of the same name which, according to
284:
883:
799:
728:
272:
120:
575:, designed to produce rain after a long drought. In classical times the ceremony consisted in a procession headed by the
597:), it is practically certain that the original ritual was the purely imitative process of pouring water over the stone.
238:
211:
674:
221:
768:
416:, "those who dwell below", the undifferentiated collective of divine dead. The Manes were honored during the
907:
380:
deities sometimes thought to represent souls of deceased loved ones. They were associated with the
360:
312:
100:
29:
452:
410:) that pertained to domestic, local, and personal cult. They belonged broadly to the category of
519:, originally held at funerals, may have been instituted in the honor of the Manes. According to
645:
248:
20:
718:
699:. Vol. 1. Translated by Rev. Marcus Dods, M.A. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark. p. 365
170:
110:
265:
258:
8:
616:
576:
130:
105:
649:
816:
690:
562:
428:
394:
879:
795:
760:
724:
670:
253:
871:
787:
324:
187:
479:
912:
902:
243:
88:
47:
71:
366:
351:
192:
160:
896:
593:
545:
When a new town was founded, a round hole would be dug and a stone called a
540:
199:
181:
140:
602:
584:
528:
83:
764:
571:
840:
694:
868:
The
Ancient Roman Afterlife: Di Manes, Belief, and the Cult of the Dead
784:
The
Ancient Roman Afterlife: Di Manes, Belief, and the Cult of the Dead
588:
417:
400:
818:
Taboo, Magic, Spirits: A Study of
Primitive Elements in Roman Religion
654:. Translated by Kent, Roland G. London: W. Heinemann. pp. 185–7.
516:
438:"says, indeed, that the souls of men are demons, and that men become
412:
206:
875:
791:
767:. Fetham, Middlesex, England: The Hamlyn Publishing Group. p.
435:
377:
155:
446:
421:
388:
569:
Of this we have a characteristic example in the ceremony of the
520:
150:
145:
487:
at the top of this 3rd-century
Christian tombstone stands for
339:
626:
621:
550:
471:
Latin spells of antiquity were often addressed to the Manes.
440:
382:
135:
77:
549:
would be placed in the foundations, representing a gate to
333:
94:
786:. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. pp. 2–3.
720:
Curse
Tablets and Binding Spells from the Ancient World
689:
495:
Manes may be derived from "an archaic adjective manus—
669:. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. p. 366.
342:
336:
330:
327:
667:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
16:Roman deities believed to be the souls of the dead
845:. London: Archibald Constable & Co. p. 5
499:—which was the opposite of immanis (monstrous)".
894:
723:. Oxford University Press US. pp. 12–13.
515:The Manes were offered blood sacrifices. The
474:
292:
502:Roman tombstones often included the letters
263:
197:
821:. New York: Macmillan Company. p. 365
750:
748:
746:
527:could be called forth from the caves near
299:
285:
755:Guirand, Felix, ed. (1968). "The Manes".
683:
478:
814:
754:
743:
665:Gagarin, Michael, ed. (2010). "Death".
664:
895:
838:
757:New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology
565:, was the gateway to the underworld."
870:. Austin: University of Texas Press.
716:
644:
365:
865:
781:
56:sacrificing at the Temple of Jupiter
13:
859:
239:Glossary of ancient Roman religion
14:
924:
534:
466:City of God, Book IX, Chapter 11
323:
40:
832:
808:
775:
710:
658:
638:
605:, The Religion of Ancient Rome
583:from its resting-place by the
491:, "to the Spirits of the Dead"
1:
632:
553:. Due to similar names, the
842:The Religion of Ancient Rome
815:Burriss, Eli Edward (1931).
7:
610:
557:is often confused with the
10:
929:
538:
475:Etymology and inscriptions
18:
866:King, Charles W. (2020).
782:King, Charles W. (2020).
579:, which bore the sacred
717:Gager, John G. (1992).
839:Bailey, Cyril (1907).
691:St. Augustine of Hippo
608:
492:
469:
355:
313:ancient Roman religion
264:
249:Ancient Greek religion
198:
21:Manes (disambiguation)
567:
482:
456:if they are bad, and
433:
63:Practices and beliefs
367:[ˈmaː.neːs̠]
266:Interpretatio Graeca
259:Gallo-Roman religion
19:For other uses, see
617:Ancestor veneration
761:Aldington, Richard
517:gladiatorial games
506:, which stood for
493:
444:if they are good,
101:funerary practices
885:978-1-4773-2020-4
801:978-1-4773-2020-4
730:978-0-19-513482-7
483:The abbreviation
309:
308:
254:Etruscan religion
212:agricultural gods
111:mystery religions
57:
920:
908:Roman underworld
889:
854:
853:
851:
850:
836:
830:
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779:
773:
772:
759:. Translated by
752:
741:
740:
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714:
708:
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704:
687:
681:
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662:
656:
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651:De Lingua Latina
648:(1938). "6.13".
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188:Capitoline Triad
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477:
468:
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427:The theologian
361:Classical Latin
359:
326:
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305:
244:Roman mythology
226:
222:divine emperors
207:underworld gods
165:
161:Fratres Arvales
115:
58:
55:
48:Marcus Aurelius
32:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
926:
916:
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876:10.7560/320204
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831:
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792:10.7560/320204
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742:
729:
709:
682:
675:
657:
636:
634:
631:
630:
629:
624:
619:
612:
609:
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551:the underworld
539:Main article:
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231:Related topics
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227:
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224:
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217:childhood gods
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209:
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193:Aventine Triad
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15:
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676:9780195170726
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628:
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594:lapis manalis
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586:
582:
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564:
560:
559:lapis manilis
556:
555:lapis manalis
552:
548:
547:lapis manalis
542:
541:Lapis manalis
535:Lapis manalis
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437:
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430:
429:St. Augustine
425:
424:in February.
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182:Dii Consentes
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106:imperial cult
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27:
22:
867:
847:. Retrieved
841:
834:
823:. Retrieved
817:
810:
783:
777:
765:Ames, Delano
756:
734:. Retrieved
719:
712:
701:. Retrieved
695:
685:
666:
660:
650:
640:
603:Cyril Bailey
592:
585:Porta Capena
570:
568:
558:
554:
546:
544:
529:Lake Avernus
524:
514:
508:
507:
503:
501:
496:
494:
488:
484:
470:
457:
451:
445:
439:
434:
426:
411:
405:
404:as deities (
399:
393:
387:
381:
372:
371:
317:
316:
310:
180:
93:
76:
52:head covered
33:ancient Rome
696:City of God
572:aquaelicium
509:Dis Manibus
489:Dis Manibus
121:Priesthoods
31:Religion in
897:Categories
849:2007-08-21
825:2007-08-21
736:2010-08-22
703:2016-09-15
633:References
581:rain-stone
577:pontifices
418:Parentalia
401:Di Penates
131:Pontifices
413:di inferi
89:festivals
693:(1871).
611:See also
600:—
464:—
436:Apuleius
378:chthonic
373:Di Manes
156:Epulones
151:Fetiales
146:Flamines
141:Vestales
72:libation
589:Capitol
587:to the
447:Lemures
422:Feralia
389:Lemures
273:Decline
171:Deities
136:Augures
84:temples
913:Undead
903:Ghosts
882:
798:
727:
673:
563:Festus
523:, the
521:Cicero
453:Larvae
398:, and
315:, the
646:Varro
627:Preta
622:Pitrs
525:Manes
458:Manes
441:Lares
395:Genii
383:Lares
370:) or
356:mānēs
352:Latin
318:Manes
78:votum
880:ISBN
796:ISBN
725:ISBN
671:ISBN
504:D.M.
497:good
485:D.M.
420:and
376:are
95:ludi
872:doi
788:doi
769:213
450:or
311:In
899::
878:.
794:.
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745:^
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407:di
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874::
852:.
828:.
804:.
790::
771:.
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343:z
337:n
331:m
328:ˈ
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300:e
293:t
286:v
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